EP4305474A1 - Manipulateur de front d'onde pour un affichage tête haute, ledit manipulateur de front d'onde comprenant un élément holographique, ensemble optique et affichage tête haute - Google Patents

Manipulateur de front d'onde pour un affichage tête haute, ledit manipulateur de front d'onde comprenant un élément holographique, ensemble optique et affichage tête haute

Info

Publication number
EP4305474A1
EP4305474A1 EP22710565.7A EP22710565A EP4305474A1 EP 4305474 A1 EP4305474 A1 EP 4305474A1 EP 22710565 A EP22710565 A EP 22710565A EP 4305474 A1 EP4305474 A1 EP 4305474A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
holographic
arrangement
designed
manipulator
wavefront manipulator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22710565.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Yi ZHONG
Marc Junghans
Daniel Thomae
Roman KLEINDIENST
Siemen KÜHL
Christoph ERLER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jenoptik AG
Original Assignee
Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH filed Critical Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH
Publication of EP4305474A1 publication Critical patent/EP4305474A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B27/0103—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising holographic elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
    • G02B27/0068—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration having means for controlling the degree of correction, e.g. using phase modulators, movable elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/203—Filters having holographic or diffractive elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B27/0103—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising holographic elements
    • G02B2027/0105—Holograms with particular structures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/011—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for correcting geometrical aberrations, distortion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0112—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for genereting colour display
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
    • G02B2027/012—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility comprising devices for attenuating parasitic image effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/08—Mirrors
    • G02B5/10—Mirrors with curved faces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wavefront manipulator for arrangement in the beam path of a head-up display (HUD) between a projection lens and a projection surface, in particular a curved projection surface.
  • the invention also relates to an optical arrangement and a head-up display.
  • Head-up displays are now being used in a wide variety of applications, including in connection with viewing windows of vehicles, for example on windshields of motor vehicles, windscreens or viewing windows of aircraft. These viewing panes and in particular windshields usually have a curved surface which is used as a projection surface for head-up displays.
  • a head-up display typically includes a picture generating unit (PGU) or projector, a projection surface, an eyebox, and a virtual image plane.
  • An image is generated by means of the imaging unit or the projector.
  • the image is projected on the projection surface and projected from the projection surface into the eyebox.
  • the eyebox is a plane or a spatial area in which the projected image can be perceived by an observer as a virtual image.
  • the virtual image plane ie the plane on which the virtual image is generated, is arranged on or behind the projection surface. Due to the curvature of the projection surface and due to compact arrangements in a small installation space with, under certain circumstances, strong tilting of individual components relative to one another and correspondingly complex folded beam paths, imaging errors or aberrations occur.
  • a windshield can generally be described as a free-form optical surface. If a head-up display is used in connection with a curved windshield or a curved viewing window, it is desirable to correct imaging errors that occur as a result of the curvature, the imaging errors that may occur due to the installation space, and imaging errors in the optical beam path that may be caused by the imaging unit .
  • the imaging errors or aberrations that can occur are, for example, distortion, defocus, tilting, astigmatism, curvature of the image plane, spherical aberrations, higher astigmatism and coma.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an advantageous wavefront manipulator for arrangement in the beam path of a head-up display between a projection objective and a curved projection surface, which at least partially corrects the aforementioned aberrations. Further objects are to provide an advantageous optical arrangement for a head-up display on a curved projection surface and an advantageous head-up display.
  • the first object is achieved by a wavefront manipulator according to patent claim 1.
  • the other objects are achieved by an optical arrangement according to claim 12 and by a head-up display according to claim 16.
  • the dependent claims contain further advantageous developments of the invention.
  • the wave front manipulator according to the invention for arrangement in the beam path of a head-up display between an imaging unit (PGU - Picture Generating Unit) or a projection lens and a projection surface, for example a curved
  • Projection surface includes a holographic array.
  • the holographic arrangement includes at least two holographic elements.
  • the at least two holographic elements are arranged directly one behind the other in the beam path. In other words, no further optical element or component is arranged between the at least two holographic elements.
  • the at least two holographic elements are also designed to be reflective for at least one specified wavelength and one specified angle of incidence range. Light waves of at least one specified wavelength and the specified range of angles of incidence are therefore efficiently diffracted.
  • the holographic elements are preferably designed to be transmissive, in other words transmissive for
  • a first holographic element comprises at least one hologram associated with a hologram of a second holographic element for reflection.
  • the at least two holographic elements are designed in such a way that light reflected by a first holographic element has at least one wavelength and at least one angle of incidence is reflected by the second holographic element.
  • the use of reflection holograms has the advantage that the intrinsic properties of reflection holograms can be utilized. These have efficiency curves that fundamentally deviate from transmission holograms, with the efficiency curves of reflection holograms offering wavelength selectivity, which, among other things, can prevent the formation of double images.
  • the otherwise transmissive configuration and the use of reflection holograms reduce or avoid filter effects between the holograms.
  • the at least two holographic elements are preferably arranged one behind the other in the beam path such that light entering the wavefront manipulator is reflected by a first of the holographic elements and the light reflected by the first of the holographic elements is reflected by a second of the holographic elements.
  • the at least one holographic arrangement is preferably designed for the diffraction of light of a plurality of wavelengths.
  • several holograms, each of which diffracts light of one wavelength, and/or multiplex holograms, which diffract light of several wavelengths, can be arranged as hologram stacks.
  • the use of two at least partially reflective holographic elements arranged directly one behind the other has the advantage that the imaging quality can be significantly improved by the individual design of the holographic elements, particularly in connection with a head-up display.
  • the holographic elements take up almost no installation space, so that the wavefront manipulator according to the invention can significantly increase the imaging quality with only a small amount of installation space available, such as in a head-up display designed for a motor vehicle.
  • the holographic arrangement achieves a high refractive power, comparable to the refractive power that is achieved, for example, by an optical component designed to be transmissive and without chromatic aberration.
  • holographic arrangement thus enables a large field of view (FOV) with high efficiency at the same time and is therefore suitable for VR head-up displays (VR - virtual reality) or augmented reality - head-up displays (AR -HUD) with a large field of view and large numerical aperture.
  • VR - virtual reality VR - virtual reality
  • AR -HUD augmented reality - head-up displays
  • Head-up displays with curved projection surfaces represent further possible applications, for example head-up displays for windshields of vehicles, in particular motor vehicles, airplanes or ships, and generally for viewing windows.
  • a further advantage achieved by the holographic arrangement is that, due to the high diffraction angle of the holographic arrangement, the proportion of light from unused diffraction orders which is reflected into the eyebox is reduced. In addition, high-quality multicolored images can be generated.
  • the wavefront manipulator according to the invention comprises at least one optical element which has a freeform surface, ie an optically effective freeform surface, and is designed for arrangement in the beam path between the imaging unit and the holographic arrangement.
  • the optical element comprising the free-form surface contributes to an improvement in the resolution through a corresponding configuration of the free-form surface and allows a targeted correction of imaging errors.
  • the optical element takes up very little installation space due to the free-form surface. It therefore also contributes significantly to improving the imaging quality of a compact head-up display.
  • a free-form surface is to be understood as a complex surface that can be defined in particular by means of locally defined functions, in particular twice continuously differentiable locally defined functions.
  • suitable area-wise defined functions are (particularly piecewise) polynomial functions (particularly polynomial splines, such as bicubic splines, higher-degree splines of fourth degree or higher, or polynomial non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS)).
  • Fliervon are to be distinguished from simple surfaces, such as e.g. B. spherical surfaces, aspherical surfaces, cylindrical surfaces, toric surfaces, which are described at least along a main meridian as a circle.
  • a free-form surface does not need to have axial symmetry and point symmetry and can have different values for the mean surface refractive index in different areas of the surface.
  • the optical element which has the free-form surface, can be designed to be reflective and/or transmissive.
  • a reflective configuration is particularly advantageous for use in compact head-up displays, since the optical element can in this way simultaneously contribute to beam deflection that is required anyway, even at high angles of incidence, without inducing additional image errors such as chromatic aberrations in particular.
  • the free-form surface is preferably designed to at least partially correct at least one aberration or imaging error. This can involve at least one of the imaging errors mentioned at the outset.
  • the aberration(s) can be caused by the projection surface, especially in the case of a curved one
  • Projection surface and / or caused by the imaging unit and / or by the geometry of the beam path, for example in a head-up display.
  • the resolution and thus the imaging quality can be optimized by means of the free-form surface.
  • the free-form surface preferably has a surface geometry which is derived from an imaging function that is dependent on at least one specified parameter.
  • the at least one defined parameter can result from an intended application of the wavefront manipulator result.
  • the radius of curvature of a windshield can be used as a parameter influencing the shape of the freeform surface.
  • the optical element can have a plurality of free-form surfaces, in particular in order to be able to carry out corrections of aberrations that are adapted to the respective application geometry. This enables, for example, in the context of an application in motor vehicles, the use of a uniform wave front manipulator, which can be adapted to the specific geometry of the existing windshield by the specific selection or arrangement of the free-form surfaces used.
  • each of the at least two holographic elements comprises a number, for example a plurality, of flograms.
  • Each flologram is recorded or generated with at least one specified wavelength.
  • a holographic element can, for example, comprise a number of flograms which can be arranged as a stack on top of one another.
  • a holographic element may have a number, preferably a plurality, of monochromatic flograms.
  • a holographic element can comprise at least one flologram which is recorded or generated with at least two defined wavelengths.
  • Such a flogram is preferably recorded with three different wavelengths of a defined color space, for example designed as an RGB flogram or CMY flogram or as a flogram formed from a number of individual wavelengths of another color space.
  • R stands for red, G for green, B for blue, C for cyan, M for magenta and Y for yellow.
  • At least one, preferably two, of the at least two holographic elements can therefore comprise at least two, preferably three, flograms which are designed to be reflective for wavelengths that differ from one another.
  • at least one, preferably two, of the at least two holographic elements can comprise at least one flogram which is reflective for at least two, preferably three, wavelengths that differ from one another is designed.
  • the holograms mentioned have been recorded with correspondingly different wavelengths.
  • the arrangement of the individual holograms of a holographic element or of all the holograms of the holographic arrangement can be used as a degree of freedom in order to avoid filter effects between the holograms.
  • the individual, differing holograms of a holographic element can be arranged next to one another and/or one behind the other in relation to a center line or center axis, which can coincide with the optical axis, or in relation to another specified geometric parameter of the holographic element.
  • the holographic arrangement can comprise a first holographic element and a second holographic element, wherein several of the holograms or all holograms of the respective holographic element are configured identically or the same with the exception of the wavelength for which they are designed.
  • several or all holograms of the first holographic element can be designed identically and differ from one another only in relation to the wavelength for which they are designed.
  • several or all holograms of the second holographic element can be designed identically and differ from one another only in relation to the wavelength for which they are designed.
  • the first holographic element is preferably arranged mirror-symmetrically to the second holographic element with respect to the arrangement of the individual holograms.
  • the first holographic element may comprise a red light, a green light, and a blue light hologram superimposed in the order named.
  • the second holographic element can also have a hologram recorded with red light, a hologram recorded with green light and a hologram recorded with blue light, which are also arranged one on top of the other in this order.
  • the first holographic element and the second holographic element are arranged one on top of the other or adjacent to one another such that, for example, the hologram of the first holographic element recorded with red light is arranged directly adjacent to the hologram of the second holographic element recorded with red light.
  • the arrangement of the holograms of the first holographic element may be identical to the arrangement of the holograms of the second holographic element with respect to a specified direction.
  • both holographic elements can have holograms arranged with respect to a specified direction in the order RGB (R - hologram recorded with red light, G - hologram recorded with green light, B - hologram recorded with blue light) so placed against each other that the hologram R of one holographic element is adjacent to the hologram B of the other holographic element.
  • RGB red light
  • a plurality of the holograms of at least one of the holographic elements is recorded with two construction wave fronts.
  • At least one construction wavefront of at least one hologram of the holographic elements is identical in terms of wavelength and incidence angle to at least one construction wavefront of another hologram of one of the holographic elements, in particular the first and/or the second holographic element.
  • the use of identical construction wavefronts for different wavelengths has the advantage that the required holograms can be produced with little effort and high precision.
  • the shared construction wavefront is preferably defined as a plane wave resulting in minimal filtering effect between leads to different wavelengths and also has the advantage that positioning tolerances of the holograms associated with one color can be chosen more generously compared to one another when using a non-planar wave. In other words, varying distances between the holograms in the direction of the optical axis and/or in the lateral direction, ie perpendicular to the optical axis, are possible without impairing the imaging quality.
  • the holographic arrangement in particular at least one of the holographic elements, can be designed in such a way that a free-form wave front is transformed into another free-form wave front.
  • the holographic arrangement, in particular at least one of the holographic elements can be designed in such a way that it transforms a spherical wave into a plane wave.
  • the holographic arrangement, in particular the holographic element has a high refractive power without increasing the volume and thus the required installation space.
  • the beam cross-section on the mirror is reduced, which means that both the size and the refractive power of the mirror can be reduced. This is also advantageous since the breaking forces can be better distributed in the system and this becomes less sensitive to tolerances.
  • At least one of the holographic elements can be designed in such a way that it transforms a free-form wavefront into a plane wavefront or transforms a spherical wave into a free-form wavefront.
  • At least one hologram can be recorded or exposed with waves that have at least one free-form wavefront. This allows various aberrations to be corrected and performance to be improved. Due to the fact that in such an embodiment light can be transformed with any wave front, as can also be generated by means of free-form surfaces, for example, the number of components having free-form surfaces, such as lenses and/or mirrors, can be reduced. Plane waves and/or spherical waves can also be used to expose the holograms.
  • Manufacturing costs can be reduced by using wavefronts that are designed as simply as possible to expose the holograms.
  • the direction of incidence of the construction wave front for the at least two holographic elements of the holographic arrangement can be used as a degree of freedom in order to avoid filter effects between different wavelengths.
  • the irradiation direction can also be chosen differently for each wavelength.
  • the construction wavefronts for the at least two wavelengths, preferably for the three wavelengths are the same construction wavefronts for each holographic element and differ only in the wavelength used.
  • the spacing and thickness of the flograms are negligible compared to the dimension of the wavefront manipulator or an optical assembly comprising the wavefront manipulator.
  • the holographic arrangement is therefore free from potentially by a
  • the design wavefronts of the holographic elements can also be used as a degree of freedom to compensate for material tolerances, for example to compensate for material shrinkage.
  • the general construction wavefronts differ slightly from each other.
  • the at least two holographic elements are preferably arranged at a distance of less than one millimeter from one another, in particular less than 0.5 millimeters, preferably less than 0.1 millimeters.
  • the distance is preferably zero or negligible.
  • the holographic arrangement can be designed in the form of a layer or a foil or a substrate, for example in the form of a volume hologram, or a plate. Additionally or alternatively, the holographic arrangement may have a planar surface or a curved one have surface. The holographic arrangement can be or will be arranged, for example, on a surface of a cover glass or another optical component that is present in any case. In this way, no additional installation space is required.
  • the wavefront manipulator can comprise a transmissive optical component, which is designed to be arranged in the beam path between the holographic arrangement and the projection surface.
  • the holographic arrangement can preferably be arranged on a surface of the optical component designed to be transmissive, which surface is remote from the projection surfaces.
  • Both the optical component equipped to be transmissive and the holographic arrangement can be curved, preferably with the same curvature.
  • Said transmissively equipped optical component can be, for example, a so-called glare trap (glare trap), which is usually arranged at a position between a windshield and a head-up display and which is designed to reflect sunlight in a specified direction, so that it does not reflect off the head-up display towards the eyebox.
  • the holographic arrangement and the glare trap are preferably configured with the same curvature and are arranged directly adjacent to one another.
  • the wavefront manipulator is preferably designed to generate or project multicolored images.
  • a multicolored image is understood to mean an image which, in at least one area of the image, in particular an area of an image plane, preferably at each pixel, depicts an image which has a number of colors.
  • each point of the image or image point can preferably have any color.
  • An image which has a plurality of colors can therefore be imaged in each area of the image by means of the wavefront manipulator.
  • the image or image plane is, for example, a virtual image or
  • At least one of the holographic elements is advantageously configured efficiently for a plurality of angles of incidence and/or for a plurality of angles of incidence that do not overlap one another.
  • the at least two holographic elements are preferably designed in such a way that a first holographic element comprises at least one hologram which is assigned to a hologram of a second holographic element, in particular assigned for reflection.
  • the at least two holographic elements are designed in such a way that light reflected by a first holographic element has at least one wavelength and at least one angle of incidence is reflected by the second holographic element.
  • Holograms assigned to one another are preferably designed to be efficient in terms of diffraction point by point in relation to one another.
  • the intensity of the 1st order of diffraction is set in relation to the sum of the intensity of the 1st order of diffraction and the intensity of the 0th order of diffraction, or the intensity of the 1st order of diffraction is set in relation to the total incident beam intensity.
  • point-by-point diffraction efficiency means that at least one point of the first holographic element is designed to bend light of at least one specified wavelength and a specified angle of incidence to a point on the second holographic element, which in turn bends the light diffracted by the first holographic element .
  • the first hologram may be designed to diffract waves of one wavelength and angle of incidence to the second hologram with an efficiency greater than 90 percent
  • the second hologram may be designed to diffract the waves diffracted by the first hologram with an efficiency greater than 90 percent percent in the final, desired direction. This favors projecting a multicolor image, particularly an aberration corrected multicolor image.
  • Mutually associated reflection holograms i.e. holograms, which are used to reflect wavelengths or frequencies that are coordinated with one another, i.e. identical wavelengths or frequencies or at least partially overlapping wavelength ranges or frequency ranges, and/or are designed for coordinated irradiation angle ranges or have at least point-wise mutual efficiency, can be arranged directly adjacent to one another within the holographic arrangement.
  • it can also be a first holographic element, which comprises a plurality of first flograms, which are each designed and efficient for different wavelengths or wavelength ranges
  • a second holographic element which comprises a plurality of second flograms, which are each assigned to the first flograms are designed or efficient for the same wavelengths or wavelength ranges as the first flograms.
  • the first holographic element and the second holographic element can preferably be arranged directly adjacent to one another.
  • the flograms are preferably designed to be transmissive for the wavelengths or frequencies of the color space used, for which they are not designed or efficient as reflection holograms.
  • the holographic arrangement is curved, ie it has at least one curved surface. This configuration has the advantage that, on the one hand, the curvature can be used to adapt to special installation space requirements and, on the other hand, the curvature can be used to correct imaging errors.
  • the curved holographic arrangement can function as a glare trap and minimize stray light or be arranged in a space-efficient manner in connection with a glare trap.
  • the wavefront manipulator according to the invention enables the light used to be deflected to a significantly greater or more extreme extent by the holographic elements than is possible with classic refractive optical components.
  • high-quality, multicolored images can be projected.
  • the optical arrangement according to the invention for a head-up display on a projection surface in other words optical arrangement of a head-up display for generating a virtual image on or behind a projection surface, for example a curved one
  • Projection surface includes an imaging unit and a wavefront manipulator previously described.
  • the imaging unit advantageously comprises a plane, that is to say it is spatially extended, with the plane being designed to emit light in a specified emission angle range and with a specified maximum bandwidth with regard to the wavelengths of the emitted light.
  • each light-emitting point of the plane emits light in the form of a scattering lobe or in a fixed angular range. This can be achieved, for example, by using a diffuser.
  • the imaging unit is preferably designed to emit laser light, in particular laser beams.
  • the imaging unit is advantageously designed to emit laser light in at least two, preferably at least three, different waves.
  • the optical arrangement according to the invention preferably has a volume of less than 15 liters, for example less than 10 liters, in other words it takes up an installation space of less than 15 liters, for example less than 10 liters.
  • the optical arrangement according to the invention has the features and advantages already mentioned above in connection with the wavefront manipulator according to the invention. In particular, it offers a head-up display that is very compact, ie takes up only a small amount of space, and at the same time ensures a very high imaging quality.
  • the use of a wavefront manipulator according to the invention a space-efficient arrangement of the imaging unit, in particular an arrangement below the wavefront manipulator, since the holographic arrangement can be operated in transmission.
  • Both the wavefront manipulator according to the invention and the optical arrangement according to the invention are suitable for retrofitting in, for example, motor vehicles, airplanes or VR arrangements, for example VR glasses.
  • the head-up display according to the invention comprises a curved projection surface and an optical arrangement according to the invention as described above.
  • the curved projection surface is, for example, a windshield of a vehicle, for example an automobile, an airplane or a ship.
  • the curved projection surface can also be another viewing window, for example a viewing window of VR glasses.
  • the viewing window can be glasses, in particular data glasses, a transparent screen that can be worn on the head, AR glasses or an AR helmet, a visor or an eyepiece of a microscope.
  • the curved projection surface can be viewed as a free-form surface, for example.
  • the wavefront manipulator according to the invention compensates for imaging errors or aberrations caused thereby.
  • the flat-up display according to the invention makes it possible to generate a virtual image with a large field of view.
  • a rectangular virtual image can be generated, which has a field of view of, for example, at least 10 degrees, preferably at least 15 degrees by 5 degrees (FOV: 15° x 5°), and is observable at a certain distance away from the eyebox, for example at a distance between 6 meters and 12 meters.
  • the eyebox can measure up to 150mm x 150mm.
  • the brightness and the uniformity of the virtual image can be optimized by appropriate construction waves of the holographic elements.
  • the color mixing factor for example the RGB color space
  • the whiteness uniformity can be adjusted.
  • the term "and/or" when used in a series of two or more items means that each of the listed items can be used alone, or any combination of two or more of the listed items can be used.
  • composition A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination when describing a composition containing components A, B and/or C, composition A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the beam path of a head-up display according to the invention for a windshield of a motor vehicle in a side view.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows the beam path of the flat-up display shown in FIG. 1, including a virtual image in a perspective view.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a holographic arrangement of a first variant of a wavefront manipulator according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a holographic arrangement of a second variant of a wavefront manipulator according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows the beam path within the holographic arrangement.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows a further embodiment variant of a head-up display according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows an optical arrangement according to the invention with a wavefront manipulator according to the invention in the form of a block diagram.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show schematically the beam path of a Flead-up display 10 according to the invention
  • Projection surface 4 for example the windshield
  • the imaging unit 1 and the wavefront manipulator 7 are preferably integrated into a fitting (not shown).
  • the flat-up display 10 is designed in such a way that it generates a virtual image 6 on the projection surface 4, in particular on the surface of the windshield or in the outside area of the vehicle, for example behind the surface of the windshield in the direction of travel.
  • the wave front manipulator 7 comprises a holographic arrangement 3 and a reflective optical element 2 which has a free-form surface and in the beam path 8 starting from the imaging unit 1 between the imaging unit
  • Light waves are emitted in the direction of the wavefront manipulator 7 by the imaging unit 1 .
  • the wavefront manipulator 7 is used to correct aberrations and, if necessary, to widen the beam path.
  • the wavefront manipulator 7 guides light waves in the direction of the projection surface 4, in particular the curved projection surface.
  • the light waves are reflected in the direction of an eye box 5 on the projection surface 4 .
  • the eyebox 5 forms the area in which a user must or can be located in order to be able to perceive the virtual image 6 generated by the head-up display 10 .
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a holographic arrangement 3 of a wave front manipulator 7 according to the invention.
  • the wave front manipulator 7 has the holographic arrangement 3 .
  • the holographic arrangement 3 comprises a first holographic element 11 and a second holographic element 12.
  • the first holographic element 11 and the second holographic element 12 each have three monochromatic holograms arranged one on top of the other, of which a hologram recorded with red light is an example are denoted by reference numeral 13, a hologram recorded with green light by reference numeral 14, and a hologram recorded with blue light by reference numeral 15.
  • the first holographic element 11 and the second holographic element 12 are arranged next to one another in such a way that the individual holograms are arranged mirror-symmetrically to one another.
  • the holograms 13 recorded with red light are direct arranged adjacent to each other.
  • the first holographic element 11 and the second holographic element 12 can be in close contact with each other or can be arranged at a negligible distance from each other, preferably at a distance of less than 1 millimeter.
  • the incident light waves in the form of rays are identified by arrows with the reference number 19 and the beam path of the light leaving the wave front manipulator 7 is identified by arrows with the reference number 20.
  • the individual, mutually different holograms 13, 14 and 15 of the individual holographic elements 11 and 12 are along in relation to a center line or center axis 22, which can be an optical axis these arranged one behind the other.
  • Individual holograms 13, 14 and 15, which differ from one another, of the individual holographic elements 11 and 12 can also be arranged laterally to one another in relation to a center line or center axis 22.
  • Figure 4 shows a further embodiment variant of a wavefront manipulator 7 according to the invention.
  • the first holographic element 11 and the second holographic element 12 each comprise only one hologram, which, however, is recorded with light of a number of different wavelengths .
  • the variant shown is an example of two RGB holograms.
  • the holograms include, for example, hologram grating structures generated with red light, hologram grating structures recorded with green light, and hologram grating structures recorded with blue light.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows the beam path within the holographic arrangement 3.
  • the first holographic element 11 and the second holographic element 12 are arranged at a distance from one another. However, this only serves to illustrate the beam path.
  • the incident light 19 is wavelength-specific for specific angles of incidence on the individual Holograms 13-15 or the hologram grating structures 13-15 are reflected, i.e. blue light with a specific angle of incidence on the holograms 15 recorded with blue light, green light of a specific angle of incidence range on the holograms 14 recorded with green light and red light correspondingly on those with red light recorded holograms 13.
  • incident light 19 first transmits the second holographic element 12 and is reflected on the first holographic element 11.
  • the light 21 reflected by the first holographic element 11 is reflected by the second holographic element 12 and forms the wavefront 20 leaving the wavefront manipulator 7.
  • the wavefront manipulator 7 comprises, in addition to the holographic arrangement 3, an optical element 2 already described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2, which comprises a free-form surface and is preferably designed to be reflective.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows a further embodiment variant of a head-up display according to the invention, in particular for a motor vehicle application.
  • the head-up display 10 shown in FIG. 6 has a curved transmissive optical component 9, preferably a so-called glare trap.
  • the holographic arrangement 10 has a curvature corresponding to the geometry of the glare trap and is arranged directly on it. This has the advantage that a high imaging quality is achieved with only a very small installation space.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows an optical arrangement 23 according to the invention with a wavefront manipulator 7 according to the invention in the form of a block diagram.
  • the optical arrangement 23 comprises an imaging unit 1 and a wavefront manipulator 7 according to the invention, which are arranged one behind the other in a beam path 8 .
  • the Wave front manipulator 7 comprises a holographic arrangement 3 already described and optionally an optical element 2 already described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2, which has a free-form surface and is preferably configured as a free-form mirror.
  • the optical element 2 is arranged in a beam path between the imaging unit 1 and the holographic arrangement 3 .
  • a transmissive optical component 9 already described in connection with FIG. 6, in particular a glare trap can be present, which is arranged in a beam path between the holographic arrangement 3 and a projection surface.
  • the optional components 2 and 9 are drawn in broken lines in FIG.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)
  • Instrument Panels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un manipulateur de front d'onde (7) destiné à être disposé dans le trajet optique (8, 19, 20) d'un affichage tête haute (10) entre une unité d'imagerie (1) et une surface de projection (4). Le manipulateur de front d'onde (7) comprend un ensemble holographique (3) qui comporte au moins deux éléments holographiques (11, 12), lesdits au moins deux éléments holographiques (11, 12) étant disposés directement l'un derrière l'autre dans le trajet optique (8, 19, 20) et conçus pour être réfléchissants pour au moins une longueur d'onde fixe et une plage angulaire d'irradiation fixe.
EP22710565.7A 2021-03-10 2022-03-04 Manipulateur de front d'onde pour un affichage tête haute, ledit manipulateur de front d'onde comprenant un élément holographique, ensemble optique et affichage tête haute Pending EP4305474A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021105830.9A DE102021105830A1 (de) 2021-03-10 2021-03-10 Wellenfrontmanipulator für Head-up-Display mit holographischem Element, optische Anordnung und Head-up-Display
PCT/EP2022/055513 WO2022189275A1 (fr) 2021-03-10 2022-03-04 Manipulateur de front d'onde pour un affichage tête haute, ledit manipulateur de front d'onde comprenant un élément holographique, ensemble optique et affichage tête haute

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP4305474A1 true EP4305474A1 (fr) 2024-01-17

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EP22710565.7A Pending EP4305474A1 (fr) 2021-03-10 2022-03-04 Manipulateur de front d'onde pour un affichage tête haute, ledit manipulateur de front d'onde comprenant un élément holographique, ensemble optique et affichage tête haute

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US (1) US20230418059A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4305474A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20230152040A (fr)
CN (1) CN117529677A (fr)
DE (1) DE102021105830A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022189275A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024068639A1 (fr) * 2022-09-30 2024-04-04 Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh Filtre à lumière parasite pour huds holographiques
DE102022214243A1 (de) 2022-12-21 2024-06-27 Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh Störlichtfilter für holographische huds
DE102022214244A1 (de) 2022-12-21 2024-06-27 Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh Minimierung von blendreflexen eines huds durch gezielte entspiegelung
WO2024068642A1 (fr) * 2022-09-30 2024-04-04 Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh Minimisation des réflexions d'éblouissement dans un ath au moyen d'une réduction de réflexion ciblée
WO2024208725A1 (fr) 2023-04-06 2024-10-10 Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh Agencement optique pour affichage tête haute, et agencement de filtre sensible à l'angle avec réseau à micro-persiennes

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007022247B4 (de) 2006-05-09 2021-02-25 Hologram Industries Research Gmbh Holographische Abbildungsoptik und Darstellungsvorrichtung mit einer solchen
US9335549B2 (en) * 2014-03-19 2016-05-10 Google Inc. Imaging lightguide with holographic boundaries
DE102015101687A1 (de) 2015-02-05 2016-08-11 Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Dateneinspiegelung
DE102017212445A1 (de) * 2017-07-20 2019-01-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Head-up-Display-Einheit und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Head-up-Display-Einheit
DE102017212451A1 (de) 2017-07-20 2019-01-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Projektionsvorrichtung
DE102017222621A1 (de) 2017-12-13 2019-06-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Projektionsvorrichtung mit einer Bilderzeugungseinheit
US11740460B2 (en) * 2018-11-29 2023-08-29 Apple Inc. Optical systems with multi-layer holographic combiners

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US20230418059A1 (en) 2023-12-28
CN117529677A (zh) 2024-02-06
DE102021105830A1 (de) 2022-09-15
WO2022189275A1 (fr) 2022-09-15
KR20230152040A (ko) 2023-11-02

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