EP4299895A1 - Fuel injection unit - Google Patents

Fuel injection unit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4299895A1
EP4299895A1 EP23181890.7A EP23181890A EP4299895A1 EP 4299895 A1 EP4299895 A1 EP 4299895A1 EP 23181890 A EP23181890 A EP 23181890A EP 4299895 A1 EP4299895 A1 EP 4299895A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection unit
injectors
unit body
range
interior channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23181890.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Machac Motors SRO
Original Assignee
Machac Motors SRO
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Machac Motors SRO filed Critical Machac Motors SRO
Publication of EP4299895A1 publication Critical patent/EP4299895A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/04—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being combustion-air intake or exhaust valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10209—Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like
    • F02M35/10216—Fuel injectors; Fuel pipes or rails; Fuel pumps or pressure regulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M39/00—Arrangements of fuel-injection apparatus with respect to engines; Pump drives adapted to such arrangements
    • F02M39/005—Arrangements of fuel feed-pumps with respect to fuel injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M69/042—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit
    • F02M69/044—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit for injecting into the intake conduit downstream of an air throttle valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/02—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning induction conduits
    • F02D2009/0201—Arrangements; Control features; Details thereof
    • F02D2009/0208—Arrangements; Control features; Details thereof for small engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/02—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning induction conduits
    • F02D2009/0201—Arrangements; Control features; Details thereof
    • F02D2009/0225—Intake air or mixture temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/02—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning induction conduits
    • F02D2009/0201—Arrangements; Control features; Details thereof
    • F02D2009/0228—Manifold pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/3094—Controlling fuel injection the fuel injection being effected by at least two different injectors, e.g. one in the intake manifold and one in the cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • F02M2200/247—Pressure sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • F02M2200/248—Temperature sensors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fuel injection for a two-stroke combustion engine.
  • a two-stroke engine for karts must be reliably supplied with an igniting mixture of gasoline and air in a required quantity and with a required air-to-gasoline ratio depending on the engine load and its rotation speed.
  • a carburetor which is, however, considered to be an imprecise device, with which a number of complications is connected, mainly in terms of maintenance, tuning, and high demands for specific experience in its use.
  • the proposed solution represents a more accurate and easier-to-operate device able to control the fuel injection electronically. In comparison to a carburetor, this allows for a higher engine operation efficiency with lower emissions and lower fuel consumption.
  • the injection unit is placed directly onto the engine block so that the injection unit body is fixed via a flange of a reed valve directly into the intake channel of the cylinder.
  • An air filter is mounted on the opposite side of the injection unit body.
  • the whole system comprises 2 fuel injector pieces, also a control unit, which sends out electronic impulses to the injectors after an analysis of data from sensors - an air pressure and temperature sensor, a throttle opening sensor, a crank position sensor for determining current engine rotation speed, sensor for water temperature measurement.
  • the fuel supply to the injectors is provided using a gasoline pump and regulated by means of a fuel pressure regulation sensor. All electrical components are connected via a cable harness.
  • the proposed solution is unique in terms of the shape and location of the two injectors and the air pressure and temperature sensor in the injection unit body so that the injectors are activated efficiently, according to the needs of the engine based on the current rotation speed.
  • An injection unit for fuel injection comprises an injection unit body 1.
  • the injection unit body 1 includes an interior channel, wherein two injectors 2 for fuel injection into the interior channel of the injection unit body 1 lead into the injection unit body 1.
  • a throttle 3 is arranged in the interior channel, the throttle 3 being controllable by a gas acceleration regulation system 4 for regulating flow of the mixture into a combustion chamber.
  • An air temperature and pressure sensor for measuring pressure conditions and temperature is in the injection unit body 1.
  • the interior channel is positioned along the axis of the injection unit body 1 and it has a shape where, in the upstream direction, it has a constant diameter, then follows a narrowing of the channel in the range of 5° - 30° and then a radius R of 35-45 mm, to provide a correct linear flow in this channel.
  • the pressure and temperature sensor is positioned with an angle in the range of 55° -85° relative to the axis of the injection unit body 1.
  • a carburetor installation space is identical to the injection unit installation space.
  • the injection unit body 1 is made from an aluminium alloy.
  • the principle of suction of the mixture into the combustion chamber is the same as for any two-stroke engines for karts.
  • an amount of mixture corresponding to the required performance is delivered into the combustion chamber.
  • the cadence of opening and the amount of the mixture is determined by the control unit based on an analysis of data from the sensors.
  • the flow of the mixture into the combustion chamber is further regulated by closing and opening the throttle 3, which is controlled via an acceleration regulation system 4.
  • the throttle is used in engines with a carburetor as well as with fuel injection.
  • the position of the two pieces of injectors 2 and the position of the sensors placed in the injection unit body 2 is angularly (or even also dimensionally) dependent on each other. These specific positioning angles ensure the proper functioning of the injection unit. During the process, pressure and negative pressure waves are formed within the unit and due to the arrangement, the proper functioning and subsequent data analysis in the control unit can be ensured.
  • the interior shape of the injection unit body channel, which also influences the pressure changes, is also important for the proper functioning of the unit.
  • the control unit provides electrical impulses to the injectors, which supply the fuel mixture to the unit.
  • the cadence of these impulses is dependent on the engine speed.
  • the correctness of the impulse cadence during a speed change is provided using a pre-set data analysis map, which is based on empirical development.
  • the principle that is the subject of the invention can be used for any two-stroke engines.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

Injection unit for fuel injection comprises an injection unit body (1) includingan interior channel, wherein two injectors (2) for injecting fuel into the interior channel of the injection unit (1) body are placed in the injection unit body (1), a throttle (3) connectable to an acceleration regulation system (4) for regulating the flow of the mixture into the combustion chamber, andair temperature and pressure sensor for measuring pressure conditions and temperature.

Description

    Field of Art
  • The invention relates to fuel injection for a two-stroke combustion engine.
    • Background Art
  • A two-stroke engine for karts must be reliably supplied with an igniting mixture of gasoline and air in a required quantity and with a required air-to-gasoline ratio depending on the engine load and its rotation speed. Currently, this is ensured by a carburetor, which is, however, considered to be an imprecise device, with which a number of complications is connected, mainly in terms of maintenance, tuning, and high demands for specific experience in its use.
    • Summary of the Invention
  • The defects of the current state of the art are eliminated by an injection unit for fuel injection defined in claim 1.
  • The proposed solution represents a more accurate and easier-to-operate device able to control the fuel injection electronically. In comparison to a carburetor, this allows for a higher engine operation efficiency with lower emissions and lower fuel consumption.
  • The injection unit is placed directly onto the engine block so that the injection unit body is fixed via a flange of a reed valve directly into the intake channel of the cylinder. An air filter is mounted on the opposite side of the injection unit body.
  • Apart from the injection unit itself, a number of components, which are interdependent to a large extent, are also a part of the fuel injection unit. The whole system comprises 2 fuel injector pieces, also a control unit, which sends out electronic impulses to the injectors after an analysis of data from sensors - an air pressure and temperature sensor, a throttle opening sensor, a crank position sensor for determining current engine rotation speed, sensor for water temperature measurement. The fuel supply to the injectors is provided using a gasoline pump and regulated by means of a fuel pressure regulation sensor. All electrical components are connected via a cable harness.
  • The proposed solution is unique in terms of the shape and location of the two injectors and the air pressure and temperature sensor in the injection unit body so that the injectors are activated efficiently, according to the needs of the engine based on the current rotation speed.
    • Brief Description of Drawings
    • Fig. 1 illustrates assembly comprising an injection unit with two injectors, a throttle, an acceleration regulation system, and sensors.
    • Fig. 2 illustrates a cross section of an injection unit body showing the position of the injector relative to the throttle, the shape of the interior channel, and the axis of the injection unit body.
    • Fig. 3 schematically illustrates a cross section of both injectors, where the position of the injectors is determined by a V-shape.
    Exemplifying Embodiment of the Invention
  • An injection unit for fuel injection comprises an injection unit body 1. The injection unit body 1 includes an interior channel, wherein two injectors 2 for fuel injection into the interior channel of the injection unit body 1 lead into the injection unit body 1. A throttle 3 is arranged in the interior channel, the throttle 3 being controllable by a gas acceleration regulation system 4 for regulating flow of the mixture into a combustion chamber. An air temperature and pressure sensor for measuring pressure conditions and temperature is in the injection unit body 1.
  • The interior channel is positioned along the axis of the injection unit body 1 and it has a shape where, in the upstream direction, it has a constant diameter, then follows a narrowing of the channel in the range of 5° - 30° and then a radius R of 35-45 mm, to provide a correct linear flow in this channel.
  • The injectors 2 are placed relative to each other in a position, which is determined by a V-shape and forms a mutual angle in the range of 30° - 70° and forms an angle relative to the channel axis of the injection unit body 1 in the range of 30°-65°.
  • The pressure and temperature sensor is positioned with an angle in the range of 55° -85° relative to the axis of the injection unit body 1.
  • A carburetor installation space is identical to the injection unit installation space. The injection unit body 1 is made from an aluminium alloy.
  • The principle of suction of the mixture into the combustion chamber is the same as for any two-stroke engines for karts. During the intake stroke, an amount of mixture corresponding to the required performance is delivered into the combustion chamber. The cadence of opening and the amount of the mixture is determined by the control unit based on an analysis of data from the sensors. The flow of the mixture into the combustion chamber is further regulated by closing and opening the throttle 3, which is controlled via an acceleration regulation system 4. The throttle is used in engines with a carburetor as well as with fuel injection.
  • The position of the two pieces of injectors 2 and the position of the sensors placed in the injection unit body 2 is angularly (or even also dimensionally) dependent on each other. These specific positioning angles ensure the proper functioning of the injection unit. During the process, pressure and negative pressure waves are formed within the unit and due to the arrangement, the proper functioning and subsequent data analysis in the control unit can be ensured. The interior shape of the injection unit body channel, which also influences the pressure changes, is also important for the proper functioning of the unit.
  • The control unit provides electrical impulses to the injectors, which supply the fuel mixture to the unit. The cadence of these impulses is dependent on the engine speed. The correctness of the impulse cadence during a speed change is provided using a pre-set data analysis map, which is based on empirical development.
    • Industrial Applicability
  • The principle that is the subject of the invention can be used for any two-stroke engines.

Claims (5)

  1. Injection unit for fuel injection, characterized in that it comprises an injection unit body (1) including
    an interior channel, wherein two injectors (2) for injecting fuel into the interior channel of the injection unit body (1) are placed in the injection unit body (1),
    a throttle (3) connectable to an acceleration regulation system (4) for regulating flow of the mixture into combustion chamber, and
    air temperature and pressure sensor for measuring temperature and pressure conditions.
  2. Injection unit according to claim 1, characterized in that mutual position of the injectors relative to each other forms a V-shape including an angle in the range of 30° - 70° and the injectors include an angle with the channel axis of the injection unit body (1) in the range of 30°-65°.
  3. Injection unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the position of the temperature and pressure sensor includes with the axis of the injection unit body (1) an angle in the range of 55° - 85°.
  4. Injection unit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that the interior channel is arranged along the axis of the injection unit body (1) and has such a shape, that a part of the interior channel has a constant diameter, following this part of the interior channel is a cone-shaped channel narrowing with an apex angle in the range of 5° to 30° and then follows a radius (R) in the range of 35 to 45 mm.
  5. Injection unit according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control unit providing electronic impulses for opening the injectors has a preset map for analysis of data from the sensors of pressure, temperature, engine rotation speed, and throttle (3) position, via using coefficients, for a precise time cadence of opening the injectors and thus a precise determination of the amount of mixture injected.
EP23181890.7A 2022-06-27 2023-06-27 Fuel injection unit Pending EP4299895A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZ2022-40040U CZ36516U1 (en) 2022-06-27 2022-06-27 Fuel injection equipment

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4299895A1 true EP4299895A1 (en) 2024-01-03

Family

ID=83997739

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23181890.7A Pending EP4299895A1 (en) 2022-06-27 2023-06-27 Fuel injection unit

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4299895A1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ36516U1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4216753A (en) * 1977-12-14 1980-08-12 Yoyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel air mixture supply system for use in fuel-injection-type internal combustion engine
DE2928350A1 (en) * 1979-07-13 1981-02-05 Volkswagenwerk Ag Mixture-compressing IC engine fuel-injection system - has intermittently operating nozzles cut in successively dependent on air flow
JPH11294306A (en) * 1998-04-15 1999-10-26 Suzuki Motor Corp Fuel injection device
CN216811991U (en) * 2022-01-14 2022-06-24 上海峰飞航空科技有限公司 Engine and aircraft and air throttle thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4216753A (en) * 1977-12-14 1980-08-12 Yoyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel air mixture supply system for use in fuel-injection-type internal combustion engine
DE2928350A1 (en) * 1979-07-13 1981-02-05 Volkswagenwerk Ag Mixture-compressing IC engine fuel-injection system - has intermittently operating nozzles cut in successively dependent on air flow
JPH11294306A (en) * 1998-04-15 1999-10-26 Suzuki Motor Corp Fuel injection device
CN216811991U (en) * 2022-01-14 2022-06-24 上海峰飞航空科技有限公司 Engine and aircraft and air throttle thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ36516U1 (en) 2022-11-04

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