EP4292148A1 - Method for producing a cathode for a lithium-ion battery, and lithium-ion battery - Google Patents
Method for producing a cathode for a lithium-ion battery, and lithium-ion batteryInfo
- Publication number
- EP4292148A1 EP4292148A1 EP22706769.1A EP22706769A EP4292148A1 EP 4292148 A1 EP4292148 A1 EP 4292148A1 EP 22706769 A EP22706769 A EP 22706769A EP 4292148 A1 EP4292148 A1 EP 4292148A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- coating composition
- collector carrier
- lithium
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 12
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 9
- -1 lithium battery Chemical compound 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002227 LISICON Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011883 electrode binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002228 NASICON Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-O Piperidinium(1+) Chemical compound C1CC[NH2+]CC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Pyrrolidinium ion Chemical compound C1CC[NH2+]C1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical class [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lithium cobalt(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Co++].[Ni++] NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HSLXOARVFIWOQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCCC[N+]1(C)CCCC1.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F HSLXOARVFIWOQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEFUHGXOQSVRDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;1-methyl-1-propylpiperidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCC[N+]1(C)CCCCC1.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F IEFUHGXOQSVRDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUFQNPMBKMKEHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;diethyl-(2-methoxyethyl)-methylazanium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(CC)CCOC.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F WUFQNPMBKMKEHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLODSRKENWXTLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;triethylsulfanium Chemical compound CC[S+](CC)CC.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F BLODSRKENWXTLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-O guanidinium Chemical compound NC(N)=[NH2+] ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-O morpholinium Chemical compound [H+].C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical compound [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000005029 sieve analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002226 superionic conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000005500 uronium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/043—Processes of manufacture in general involving compressing or compaction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/72—Grids
- H01M4/74—Meshes or woven material; Expanded metal
- H01M4/742—Meshes or woven material; Expanded metal perforated material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a cathode for a lithium-ion battery and a lithium-ion battery.
- lithium ion battery is used synonymously for all designations commonly used in the prior art for galvanic elements and cells containing lithium, such as lithium battery, lithium cell, lithium ion cell, lithium polymer cell, lithium ion battery cell and lithium-ion accumulator. Specifically, rechargeable batteries (secondary batteries) are included.
- battery and “electrochemical cell” are also used synonymously with the terms “lithium ion battery” and “lithium ion cell”.
- a lithium ion battery has at least two different electrodes, a positive (cathode) and a negative (anode) electrode. Each of these electrodes includes at least one active material, optionally together with additives such as electrode binders and electrical conductivity additives.
- the active materials and existing passive materials of the electrodes are each applied to a carrier film, which is usually formed from a metal and is used for electrical contacting of the respective electrode. Films of this type are not permeable to the electrolyte, which means that complete wetting of the electrode by the electrolyte can be made more difficult, reduced and/or slowed down.
- carrier films with prefabricated openings are known in the prior art, which enable the electrolyte allow to penetrate the carrier foil and in this way improve the wetting behavior.
- carrier foils have the disadvantage that their mechanical stability and resilience is reduced due to the existing openings, which can result in damage and/or deformation during manufacture and/or handling of the electrode. Expensive production processes for the electrodes can also be necessary in order to prevent coating masses applied to the carrier film from dripping through the openings that are present and to prevent dirt from accumulating in the openings. Furthermore, carrier foils with prefabricated openings or porosity, such as metal foams, perforated foils or expanded metals, are more expensive than simple carrier foils without such openings.
- the object of the invention is achieved by a method for producing a cathode for a lithium-ion battery comprising the following steps: A cathode-collector carrier foil is provided and a coating composition containing a particulate auxiliary material is applied to at least one side of the cathode-collector carrier foil. The coating composition is then compacted to form a cathode film on the cathode-collector carrier foil, the cathode-collector carrier foil being perforated by the particulate auxiliary material when the coating composition is compacted.
- the cathode-collector carrier foil is provided with at least one opening in situ during the production of the cathode, the at least one opening enabling excellent wettability of the cathode produced by the method according to the invention with an electrolyte.
- an electrolyte enabling excellent wettability of the cathode produced by the method according to the invention with an electrolyte.
- the cathode-collector carrier foil remains mechanically resilient during the manufacture of the cathode, so that no complex adjustments to production lines for the manufacture of the cathode and downstream production steps for the assembly of lithium-ion batteries with such a cathode are necessary.
- the cathode collector carrier foil is in particular an aluminum foil and serves as a current conductor for the cathode.
- the particulate auxiliary material must be harder than the cathode-collector carrier foil in order to be able to perforate it.
- perforating here and in the following is understood to mean the creation of at least one opening, with the opening extending over the entire thickness of the cathode-collector carrier foil.
- the coating mass can be compacted using any of the methods known in the prior art.
- the coating mass is compacted by means of calenders.
- the openings can have any desired shape, for example circular, arcuate and/or polygonal.
- the shape of the cross section essentially depends on the morphology of the particulate auxiliary material and the method used to compact the coating mass.
- the coating composition is applied to the cathode-collector carrier film in such a way that the particulate auxiliary material is directly adjacent to the cathode-collector carrier film before compaction.
- the coating composition can be applied to just one side or both sides of the cathode-collector carrier film.
- the particulate auxiliary material may be selected from the group consisting of lithium ion conductors, SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , B 2 O 3 , boehmite, artificial diamond dust and combinations thereof.
- lithium ion conductor is understood here to mean a compound that can conduct lithium ions but does not represent a cathode active material of a lithium ion battery.
- the lithium ion conductor may include a perovskite structure material, a garnet structure material, a LISICON-derived structure material, a sulfide, an oxide, and/or a polymer.
- a suitable material with a garnet structure is, for example, Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 Oi 2 .
- the particulate auxiliary material has in particular a Mohs hardness in the range from 2 to 10, preferably a Mohs hardness of greater than 2.75 to 10, for example 3 to 10.
- the hardness of the particulate auxiliary material can be determined according to DIN EN ISO 14577, using the nanoindentation method.
- Nanoindentation also described as an instrumented indentation test, is a measurement method used in materials testing to determine the hardness of materials on small length scales in the nanometer range.
- the particulate auxiliary material preferably has a morphology which the perforation of the cathode-collector carrier film when compacting Coating composition favored.
- the particulate auxiliary material has at least one edge, corner, point, spike and/or projection.
- the particulate auxiliary material is in the form of an agglomerate of a plurality of agglomerate particles
- one of the agglomerate particles can assume the function of the tip, the dome and/or the projection.
- the mean particle size D50 of the particulate auxiliary material is in particular at least 0.5 times the thickness of the cathode-collector carrier foil, preferably at least 0.8 times the thickness of the cathode-collector carrier foil.
- the average particle size D50 of the particulate auxiliary material is in the range from 7.5 to 20 ⁇ m, preferably from 12 to 18 ⁇ m.
- the parameters of the particle size distribution can generally be determined by sieve analysis.
- the coating composition can contain an additive selected from the group consisting of synthetic graphite, natural graphite, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, for example conductive carbon black, carbon fibers, soft carbon, hard carbon and combinations thereof.
- the addition can increase the conductivity of the coating composition and thus lead to improved performance properties of the cathode produced.
- the addition can improve the processability and/or the applicability of the coating composition.
- the additive can perforate the cathode-collector carrier foil in addition to the particulate auxiliary material.
- the coating composition can include a binder, the binder being selected in particular from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyamide (PA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVdF-HFP), polyacrylate, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyimide (PI), PTFE and combinations thereof.
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- PEO polyethylene oxide
- PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
- PA polyamide
- PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PVdF-HFP polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- PI polyimide
- PTFE PTFE
- the binder is tailored in particular to the active material provided in the cathode and to other components of the electrode, in particular with regard to adhesion to the cathode-collector carrier film.
- the binder should be hydrophilic if a water-based coating composition or active material coating composition is to be used for applying the active material of the cathode.
- the viscosity of the coating composition can be adjusted in a targeted manner via the selection of the binder and the content of the binder in the coating composition. In this way, the behavior of the coating mass can be influenced in a targeted manner in the coating process used in each case.
- the coating composition can be applied to the cathode-collector carrier film by means of wet coating, dry coating, pressing, laminating, coating, extruding and/or spraying.
- the coating composition can include a cathode active material and/or an active material coating composition can additionally be applied to the cathode-collector carrier film.
- the active material coating composition comprises a cathode active material and optionally an active material binder, a carrier solvent and/or additives, in particular conductivity additives and/or dispersing aids.
- the cathode-active material can be basically any cathode-active material known in the art. This includes, for example, lithium transition metal oxides such as UC0O 2 , lithium nickel cobalt manganese compounds (known by the abbreviation NCM or NMC) and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA), lithium olivines such as lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and lithium spinels such as lithium manganese oxide spinel (LMO). So-called over-lithiated layered oxides (OLO) can also be used.
- the cathode active material can also contain mixtures of two or more of the lithium-containing compounds mentioned.
- the cathode active material can at least partially take over the function of the particulate auxiliary if the cathode active material has a higher hardness than the cathode collector carrier foil and is particulate, for example when the cathode active material comprises particulate NMC, NCA, UC0O2 and/or LMO.
- compositions of the coating composition for the in situ treatment of the cathode-collector carrier film during compaction and of the active material coating composition are matched to one another in order to obtain a cathode that is as efficient as possible.
- the coating composition is applied to the cathode-collector carrier film before the active-material coating composition.
- the coating compound is applied in a first layer to the cathode-collector carrier film and then the active material coating compound is applied in a second layer over the first layer.
- the ratio of the thickness of the first layer to the second layer is in particular in the range from 1:2 to 1:100, preferably from 1:3 to 1:40.
- the coating compound is already compacted before the active material coating compound is applied, and in this way the at least one opening is produced through the auxiliary material in the cathode-collector carrier film.
- the active material coating composition applied after compacting the coating composition is preferably compacted in a subsequent second compaction step, with the auxiliary material also being able to perforate and/or cut open the cathode-collector carrier film in the second compaction step.
- the first and the second layer can be applied using the same coating device, preferably with a time offset of at most a few seconds.
- the coating composition can be sprayed onto the cathode-collector carrier film via a spray nozzle before, in particular immediately before, the active material coating composition is applied.
- the coating compound and the active material coating compound are applied to the cathode-collector carrier film in a single process step.
- the coating mass is mixed with the active material coating mass before application to form a total mass and the total mass is applied to the cathode-collector carrier film, for example by means of a nozzle.
- the particulate auxiliary material contained in the coating mass can settle by gravity after the application of the total mass, so that even when using a total mass direct contact between the cathode-collector carrier foil and the particulate auxiliary material can be ensured before compaction.
- the viscosity of the bulk, the coating and/or the active material coating may be adjusted. This can be done by selecting the binder and/or by adding a suitable solvent.
- the object of the invention is also achieved by a lithium-ion battery comprising at least one cathode which can be obtained using a method as described above.
- the lithium-ion battery according to the invention has a uniform and complete wetting of the at least one cathode with electrolyte due to the openings in the cathode-collector carrier foil produced in the manufacturing process of the cathode, which means that the lithium-ion battery according to the invention has a high current-carrying capacity, high maximum charging and discharging rate, good cycle stability and can have a long service life.
- the electrolyte includes in particular a solvent and at least one lithium conductive salt dissolved therein.
- the solvent is preferably inert.
- Suitable solvents are, for example, organic solvents such as ethylene carbonate (EC), Propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), vinylene carbonate (VC), sulpholane, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and 1,3-dioxolane.
- Ionic liquids can also be used as solvents. Such ionic liquids contain only ions. Preferred cations, which can be alkylated in particular, are imidazolium, pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, guanidinium, uronium, thiuronium, piperidinium, morpholinium, sulfonium, ammonium and phosphonium cations. Examples of anions that can be used are halide, tetrafluoroborate, trifluoroacetate, triflate, hexafluorophosphate, phosphinate and tosylate anions.
- ionic liquids examples are: N-methyl-N-propylpiperidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, N-methyl-N-butylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, N-butyl-N-trimethyl -ammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, triethylsulfonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and N,N-diethyl-N-methyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl)ammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide.
- two or more of the above liquids can be used.
- Preferred lithium conductive salts are lithium salts which have inert anions and which are preferably non-toxic. Suitable lithium salts are, in particular, lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPFe), lithium tetrafluoroborate (L1BF4) and mixtures of these salts.
- LiPFe lithium hexafluorophosphate
- Li1BF4 lithium tetrafluoroborate
- the lithium ion battery may be a traction battery in a vehicle.
- the lithium-ion battery can also be used in a wearable, an e-bike, a smartphone, a power tool, a laptop, an e-book reader, a mobile power bank or a stationary energy storage device.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a sectional view of a cathode as known in the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a cathode which can be manufactured using a method according to the invention
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the method according to the invention for manufacturing the cathode of FIG. 2, and
- Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of an intermediate stage in the manufacture of the cathode of Fig. 2.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a cathode 10 not according to the invention of a lithium-ion battery, as is known in the prior art.
- the cathode 10 includes a cathode-collector carrier film 12, which also serves as a current collector for the cathode 10.
- the cathode collector carrier foil 12 is in particular an aluminum foil.
- a cathode active material 18 in the form of a cathode film 19 is applied to a first main surface 14 and to a second main surface 16 , opposite the first main surface 14 , of the cathode-collector carrier foil 12 .
- the cathode active material 18 can be any material known in the art that is capable of reversibly accepting or donating lithium ions.
- the cathode collector carrier foil 12 has no openings whatsoever. Accordingly, the cathode-collector carrier foil 12 is impermeable to an electrolyte, as a result of which the wetting of the cathode 10 with the electrolyte in a lithium-ion battery takes place only slowly and/or incompletely.
- FIG. 2 shows a cathode 10 as can be obtained by a method according to the invention for producing a cathode.
- the cathode 10 shown in FIG. 2 has a cathode-collector carrier foil 12 with a plurality of openings 20, each of which extends over the entire thickness of the cathode-collector carrier foil 12, ie from the first main surface 14 to the second main surface 16.
- openings 20 there can also be a number of openings 20, which deviate from the embodiment shown in FIG.
- the cathode 10 has a particulate auxiliary material 22 which is at least partially arranged in the openings 20 .
- the particulate auxiliary material 22 is selected from the group consisting of lithium ion conductors, S1O 2 , Al 2 O 3 , T1O 2 , B 2 O 3 , boehmite, synthetic
- Diamond dust and combinations thereof has an average particle size D50 in the order of the thickness of the cathode-collector carrier foil 12 and a Mohs hardness in the range from 2 to 10, in particular a Mohs hardness in the range from greater than 2.75 to 10, for example 3 to 10.
- the openings 20 allow electrolyte to pass from the first main surface 14 in the direction of the second main surface 16 and from the second main surface 16 in the direction of the first main surface 14, so that the cathode can be wetted with electrolyte more quickly and more evenly, as shown in FIG as is the case with the prior art cathode 10 as shown in FIG.
- the cathode-collector carrier foil 12 is provided (cf. step S1 in Fig. 3), the cathode-collector carrier foil 12 corresponding to that of Fig. 1, i.e. no openings 20 (cf. Fig. 2) having.
- a coating compound is then applied to the first main surface 14 of the cathode collector carrier film 12 (cf. step S2 in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4).
- the application of the coating composition in the illustrated embodiment takes place by applying a total composition 24 to the first main surface 14 , the total composition 24 comprising the coating composition and an active material coating composition.
- the coating composition includes the particulate auxiliary material 22 and a binder that is not shown in detail.
- the binder is selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyamide (PA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVdF-HFP), polyacrylate,
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- PEO polyethylene oxide
- PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
- PA polyamide
- PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PVdF-HFP polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- PI polyimide
- PTFE PTFE
- the coating composition can contain an additive that is selected from the group consisting of synthetic graphite, natural graphite, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, for example conductive carbon black, carbon fibers, soft carbon, hard carbon and combinations thereof.
- the addition can increase the conductivity of the coating composition and improve its processability and/or applicability.
- the active material coating composition includes the cathode active material 18 and an active material binder or electrode binder, which is not shown in detail.
- the particulate auxiliary material 22 settles due to gravity, so that it is directly adjacent to the cathode-collector carrier foil 12, as shown in FIG.
- the coating compound with the particulate auxiliary material 22 and the active material coating compound can also be applied individually one after the other to the cathode-collector carrier film 12 .
- the coating mass, the active material coating mass and/or the total mass 24 can be applied to the cathode-collector carrier film 12 by means of wet coating, dry coating, pressing, laminating, lining, extruding and/or spraying. As shown in FIG. 4 , only an active material coating composition is applied to the second main surface 16 . In principle, of course, a total mass 24 or a coating mass could also be used on the second main surface 16 . Starting from the intermediate stage shown in FIG. 4, the coating mass, more precisely the total mass 24 in the embodiment shown, is compacted to form the cathode film 19 (cf. FIG. 2), for example by means of calenders (cf. step S3 in FIG. 3).
- a force F is exerted on the total mass 24, as indicated by an arrow in Fig. 4, whereby the particulate auxiliary material 22 is pressed into the cathode-collector carrier foil 12 and this due to the higher hardness of the particulate auxiliary material 22 compared to the cathode -Collector- carrier foil 12 perforated to produce the openings 20.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to create the openings 20, which can be used to improve wetting, in situ during the manufacture of the cathode 10.
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing a cathode (10) for a lithium-ion battery, comprising the following steps: A cathode collector carrier film (12) is provided and a coating compound is applied onto at least one main surface (14, 16) of the cathode collector carrier film (12), said coating compound containing a particulate auxiliary material (22). The coating compound is subsequently compressed with the formation of a cathode film on the cathode collector carrier film (12), the cathode collector carrier film (12) being perforated during the compression of the coating compound. The invention also relates to a lithium-ion battery.
Description
Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Kathode für eine Lithiumionenbatterie sowie Lithiumionenbatterie Method of manufacturing a cathode for a lithium ion battery and a lithium ion battery
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Kathode für eine Lithiumionenbatterie sowie eine Lithiumionenbatterie. The invention relates to a method for producing a cathode for a lithium-ion battery and a lithium-ion battery.
Im Folgenden wird der Begriff „Lithiumionenbatterie“ synonym für alle im Stand der Technik gebräuchlichen Bezeichnungen für Lithium enthaltende galvanische Elemente und Zellen verwendet, wie beispielsweise Lithium-Batterie, Lithium- Zelle, Lithiumionen-Zelle, Lithium-Polymer-Zelle, Lithiumionen-Batterie-Zelle und Lithiumionen-Akkumulator. Insbesondere sind wieder aufladbare Batterien (Sekundärbatterien) inbegriffen. Auch werden die Begriffe „Batterie“ und „elektrochemische Zelle“ synonym zu den Begriffen „Lithiumionen-Batterie“ und „Lithiumionen-Zelle“ genutzt. In the following, the term "lithium ion battery" is used synonymously for all designations commonly used in the prior art for galvanic elements and cells containing lithium, such as lithium battery, lithium cell, lithium ion cell, lithium polymer cell, lithium ion battery cell and lithium-ion accumulator. Specifically, rechargeable batteries (secondary batteries) are included. The terms “battery” and “electrochemical cell” are also used synonymously with the terms “lithium ion battery” and “lithium ion cell”.
Eine Lithiumionenbatterie hat mindestens zwei verschiedene Elektroden, eine positive (Kathode) und eine negative Elektrode (Anode). Jede dieser Elektroden weist zumindest ein Aktivmaterial auf, wahlweise zusammen mit Zusätzen wie Elektrodenbindern und elektrischen Leitfähigkeitszusätzen. A lithium ion battery has at least two different electrodes, a positive (cathode) and a negative (anode) electrode. Each of these electrodes includes at least one active material, optionally together with additives such as electrode binders and electrical conductivity additives.
Während der Herstellung einer Lithiumionenbatterie ist eine ausreichende Benetzung der eingesetzten Elektroden mit Elektrolyt von entscheidender Bedeutung für die erreichbaren Leistungsmerkmale der Lithiumionenbatterie, beispielsweise für die Strombelastbarkeit, die maximalen Lade- und Entladeströme, die Zyklenstabilität und/oder die Lebensdauer. During the production of a lithium-ion battery, sufficient wetting of the electrodes used with electrolyte is of decisive importance for the achievable performance characteristics of the lithium-ion battery, for example for the current carrying capacity, the maximum charging and discharging currents, the cycle stability and/or the service life.
Die Aktivmaterialien sowie vorhandene Passivmaterialien der Elektroden sind jeweils auf einer Trägerfolie aufgebracht, die üblicherweise aus einem Metall gebildet ist und zur elektrischen Kontaktierung der jeweiligen Elektrode genutzt wird. Derartige Folien sind für den Elektrolyten nicht durchlässig, wodurch eine vollständige Benetzung der Elektrode durch den Elektrolyten erschwert, reduziert und/oder verlangsamt werden kann. The active materials and existing passive materials of the electrodes are each applied to a carrier film, which is usually formed from a metal and is used for electrical contacting of the respective electrode. Films of this type are not permeable to the electrolyte, which means that complete wetting of the electrode by the electrolyte can be made more difficult, reduced and/or slowed down.
Um das Benetzungsverhalten zu verbessern, sind im Stand der Technik Trägerfolien mit vorgefertigten Öffnungen bekannt, die es dem Elektrolyten
erlauben, die Trägerfolie zu durchdringen und auf diese Weise das Benetzungsverhalten zu verbessern. In order to improve the wetting behavior, carrier films with prefabricated openings are known in the prior art, which enable the electrolyte allow to penetrate the carrier foil and in this way improve the wetting behavior.
Derartige Trägerfolien weisen jedoch den Nachteil auf, dass ihre mechanische Stabilität und Belastbarkeit aufgrund der vorhandenen Öffnungen reduziert ist, wodurch es zu Beschädigungen und/oder Verformungen während der Herstellung und/oder Handhabung der Elektrode kommen kann. Auch können aufwendige Herstellungsprozesse der Elektroden notwendig werden, um auf die Trägerfolie aufgebrachte Beschichtungsmassen daran zu hindern, durch die vorhandenen Öffnungen zu tropfen und die Anlagerung von Schmutz in den Öffnungen zu vermeiden. Ferner sind Trägerfolien mit vorgefertigten Öffnungen beziehungsweise Porosität, wie zum Beispiel Metall-Schäume, Lochfolien oder Streckmetalle, teurer als einfache Trägerfolien ohne derartige Öffnungen. However, such carrier foils have the disadvantage that their mechanical stability and resilience is reduced due to the existing openings, which can result in damage and/or deformation during manufacture and/or handling of the electrode. Expensive production processes for the electrodes can also be necessary in order to prevent coating masses applied to the carrier film from dripping through the openings that are present and to prevent dirt from accumulating in the openings. Furthermore, carrier foils with prefabricated openings or porosity, such as metal foams, perforated foils or expanded metals, are more expensive than simple carrier foils without such openings.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Möglichkeit zum Herstellen von Kathoden mit gutem Benetzungsverhalten bereitzustellen. Ferner ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Lithiumionenbatterie mit guten Leistungsmerkmalen bereitzustellen. It is the object of the invention to provide a way of producing cathodes with good wetting behavior. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a lithium ion battery with good performance characteristics.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Kathode für eine Lithiumionenbatterie umfassend folgende Schritte: Es wird eine Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie bereitgestellt und auf wenigstens eine Seite der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie eine Beschichtungsmasse aufgebracht, die ein partikelförmiges Hilfsmaterial enthält. Anschließend wird die Beschichtungsmasse unter Bildung eines Kathodenfilms auf der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie verdichtet, wobei die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie beim Verdichten der Beschichtungsmasse durch das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial perforiert wird. The object of the invention is achieved by a method for producing a cathode for a lithium-ion battery comprising the following steps: A cathode-collector carrier foil is provided and a coating composition containing a particulate auxiliary material is applied to at least one side of the cathode-collector carrier foil. The coating composition is then compacted to form a cathode film on the cathode-collector carrier foil, the cathode-collector carrier foil being perforated by the particulate auxiliary material when the coating composition is compacted.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie während der Herstellung der Kathode in situ mit wenigstens einer Öffnung versehen, wobei die wenigstens eine Öffnung eine hervorragende Benetzbarkeit der mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens hergestellten Kathode mit einem Elektrolyten ermöglicht. Auf diese Weise kann eine schnelle, gleichförmige und vollständige Benetzung der Kathode mit Elektrolyt erzielt werden, sobald die Kathode in einer Lithiumionenbatterie verbaut wird.
Zugleich können handelsübliche Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolien ohne vorgefertigte Öffnungen wie sie im Stand der Technik bekannt sind, beispielsweise gewalzte Aluminiumfolien, eingesetzt werden, die weltweit beliebig und kostengünstig verfügbar sind. According to the invention, the cathode-collector carrier foil is provided with at least one opening in situ during the production of the cathode, the at least one opening enabling excellent wettability of the cathode produced by the method according to the invention with an electrolyte. In this way, rapid, uniform, and complete wetting of the cathode with electrolyte can be achieved as soon as the cathode is installed in a lithium-ion battery. At the same time, commercially available cathode collector carrier foils without prefabricated openings as are known in the prior art, for example rolled aluminum foils, can be used, which are available anywhere in the world and at low cost.
Zudem ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie während der Herstellung der Kathode mechanisch belastbar bleibt, sodass keine aufwändigen Anpassungen an Fertigungslinien zur Herstellung der Kathode sowie nachgelagerten Fertigungsschritten zur Assemblierung von Lithiumionenbatterien mit einer solchen Kathode notwendig werden. In addition, there is the advantage that the cathode-collector carrier foil remains mechanically resilient during the manufacture of the cathode, so that no complex adjustments to production lines for the manufacture of the cathode and downstream production steps for the assembly of lithium-ion batteries with such a cathode are necessary.
Die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie ist insbesondere eine Aluminiumfolie und dient als Stromableiter der Kathode. The cathode collector carrier foil is in particular an aluminum foil and serves as a current conductor for the cathode.
Das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial muss erfindungsgemäß härter sein als die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie, um diese perforieren zu können. According to the invention, the particulate auxiliary material must be harder than the cathode-collector carrier foil in order to be able to perforate it.
Unter dem Begriff „Perforieren“ wird hier und im Folgenden das Erzeugen wenigstens einer Öffnung verstanden, wobei sich die Öffnung über die gesamte Dicke der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie erstreckt. The term “perforating” here and in the following is understood to mean the creation of at least one opening, with the opening extending over the entire thickness of the cathode-collector carrier foil.
Das Verdichten der Beschichtungsmasse kann über alle im Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren erfolgen. Insbesondere wird die Beschichtungsmasse mittels Kalandern verdichtet. The coating mass can be compacted using any of the methods known in the prior art. In particular, the coating mass is compacted by means of calenders.
Im Querschnitt, das heißt parallel zu einer Hauptfläche der Kathoden-Kollektor- Trägerfolie, auf welche die Beschichtungsmasse aufgetragen wurde, können die Öffnungen jede beliebige Form aufweisen, beispielsweise kreisförmig, bogenförmig und/oder polygonförmig. Die Form des Querschnitts hängt im Wesentlichen von der Morphologie des partikelförmigen Hilfsmaterials sowie dem angewandten Verfahren zum Verdichten der Beschichtungsmasse ab. In cross-section, ie parallel to a main surface of the cathode-collector carrier foil to which the coating composition has been applied, the openings can have any desired shape, for example circular, arcuate and/or polygonal. The shape of the cross section essentially depends on the morphology of the particulate auxiliary material and the method used to compact the coating mass.
Um das Perforieren der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie zu vereinfachen, wird die Beschichtungsmasse insbesondere so auf die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie aufgebracht, dass das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial vor dem Verdichten direkt an die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie angrenzt. In order to simplify the perforation of the cathode-collector carrier film, the coating composition is applied to the cathode-collector carrier film in such a way that the particulate auxiliary material is directly adjacent to the cathode-collector carrier film before compaction.
Selbstverständlich kann die Beschichtungsmasse lediglich einseitig oder beidseitig auf die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie aufgebracht werden.
Das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial kann ausgewählt sein aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Lithiumionenleitern, S1O2, AI2O3, T1O2, B2O3, Böhmit, künstlichem Diamantstaub und Kombinationen davon. Of course, the coating composition can be applied to just one side or both sides of the cathode-collector carrier film. The particulate auxiliary material may be selected from the group consisting of lithium ion conductors, SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , B 2 O 3 , boehmite, artificial diamond dust and combinations thereof.
Unter einem „Lithiumionenleiter“ wird hier eine Verbindung verstanden, welche Lithiumionen leiten kann, jedoch kein Kathoden-Aktivmaterial einer Lithiumionenbatterie darstellt. A “lithium ion conductor” is understood here to mean a compound that can conduct lithium ions but does not represent a cathode active material of a lithium ion battery.
Der Lithiumionenleiter kann ein Material mit Perowskitstruktur, ein Material mit Granatstrukur, ein Material mit einer von LISICON abgeleiteten Struktur, ein Sulfid, ein Oxid und/oder ein Polymer aufweisen. The lithium ion conductor may include a perovskite structure material, a garnet structure material, a LISICON-derived structure material, a sulfide, an oxide, and/or a polymer.
Ein geeignetes Material mit Granatstuktur ist beispielsweise Li7La3Zr20i2.A suitable material with a garnet structure is, for example, Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 Oi 2 .
Als Material, dessen Struktur abgeleitet ist von LISICON (Lithium Super lonic Conductor), kommt neben LISICON selbst beispielsweise Thio-LISICON Li4-xMi-yM'yS4 mit M = Si, Ge, P, und M' = P, AI, Zn, Ga, Sb, und/oder NASICON (Sodium (Na) Super lonic Conductor) der allgemeinen Formel AMM'P30i2 mit A = Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, H+, HsO+, NH4 +, Cu+, Ag+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Al3+, Ln3+, Ge4+, ZH+, Hf4+ oder unbesetzt, M und M' = di-, tri-, tetra- oder pentavalente Übergangsmetallionen ausgewählt aus der Gruppe Zn2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Fe3+, Sc3+, Ti3+, V3+, Al3+, ln3+, Ga3+, Y3+, Lu3+, Ti4+, Zr4+, Hf4+, Sn4+, Si4+, Ge4+, V5+, Nb5+, Ta5+, Sb5+, As5+, wobei Phosphor auch teilweise durch Si oder As substituiert sein kann, in Betracht. As a material whose structure is derived from LISICON (Lithium Super ionic Conductor), in addition to LISICON itself, there is, for example, Thio-LISICON Li 4-x Mi- y M' y S 4 with M = Si, Ge, P, and M' = P , Al, Zn, Ga, Sb, and/or NASICON (Sodium (Na) Super ionic Conductor) of the general formula AMM'P 3 0i 2 with A = Li + , Na + , K + , Rb + , Cs + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Sr 2+ , Ba 2+ , H + , HsO + , NH 4+ , Cu + , Ag + , Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , Mn 2+ , Co 2+ , Mn 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , Zn 2+ , Al 3+ , Ln 3+ , Ge 4+ , ZH + , Hf 4+ or unoccupied, M and M' = di-, tri-, tetra- or pentavalent transition metal ions selected from the group Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ , Ni 2+ , Mn 2+ , Co 2+ , Fe 3+ , Sc 3+ , Ti 3+ , V 3+ , Al 3+ , In 3+ , Ga 3+ , Y 3+ , Lu 3+ , Ti 4+ , Zr 4+ , Hf 4+ , Sn 4+ , Si4+, Ge 4+ , V 5+ , Nb 5+ , Ta 5+ , Sb 5+ , As 5+ , where phosphorus can also be partially substituted by Si or As.
Um die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie zuverlässig perforieren zu können, weist das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial insbesondere eine Härte nach Mohs im Bereich von 2 bis 10 auf, bevorzugt eine Härte nach Mohs von größer 2,75 bis 10, beispielsweise 3 bis 10. In order to be able to reliably perforate the cathode-collector carrier foil, the particulate auxiliary material has in particular a Mohs hardness in the range from 2 to 10, preferably a Mohs hardness of greater than 2.75 to 10, for example 3 to 10.
Die Härte des partikelförmigen Hilfsmaterials kann nach DIN EN ISO 14577 bestimmt werden, gemäß der Methode der Nanoindentierung. Die Nanoindentierung, auch als instrumentierter Eindringversuch beschrieben, ist eine Messmethode der Werkstoffprüfung zur Bestimmung der Härte von Materialien auf kleinen Längenskalen mit einer Größenordnung im Nanometerbereich. The hardness of the particulate auxiliary material can be determined according to DIN EN ISO 14577, using the nanoindentation method. Nanoindentation, also described as an instrumented indentation test, is a measurement method used in materials testing to determine the hardness of materials on small length scales in the nanometer range.
Das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial weist bevorzugt eine Morphologie auf, welche das Perforieren der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie beim Verdichten der
Beschichtungsmasse begünstigt. Beispielsweise weist das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial wenigstens eine Kante, eine Ecke, eine Spitze, einen Dorn und/oder einen Vorsprung auf. The particulate auxiliary material preferably has a morphology which the perforation of the cathode-collector carrier film when compacting Coating composition favored. For example, the particulate auxiliary material has at least one edge, corner, point, spike and/or projection.
Liegt das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial in Form eines Agglomerats aus mehreren Agglomeratpartikeln vor, kann eines der Agglomeratpartikel die Funktion der Spitze, des Doms und/oder des Vorsprungs übernehmen. If the particulate auxiliary material is in the form of an agglomerate of a plurality of agglomerate particles, one of the agglomerate particles can assume the function of the tip, the dome and/or the projection.
Die mittlere Partikelgröße D50 des partikelförmigen Hilfsmaterials beträgt insbesondere wenigstens das 0,5-fache der Dicke der Kathoden-Kollektor- Trägerfolie, bevorzugt wenigstens das 0,8-fache der Dicke der Kathoden- Kollektor-T rägerfolie. The mean particle size D50 of the particulate auxiliary material is in particular at least 0.5 times the thickness of the cathode-collector carrier foil, preferably at least 0.8 times the thickness of the cathode-collector carrier foil.
Beispielsweise liegt bei einer Dicke der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie von 15 pm die mittlere Partikelgröße D50 des partikelförmigen Hilfsmaterials im Bereich von 7,5 bis 20 pm, bevorzugt von 12 bis 18 pm. Die Parameter der Partikelgrößenverteilung können allgemein durch Siebanalyse ermittelt werden. For example, with a thickness of the cathode-collector carrier film of 15 μm, the average particle size D50 of the particulate auxiliary material is in the range from 7.5 to 20 μm, preferably from 12 to 18 μm. The parameters of the particle size distribution can generally be determined by sieve analysis.
Die Beschichtungsmasse kann einen Zusatz enthalten, der ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus synthetischem Graphit, Naturgraphit, Kohlenstoffnanoröhren, Ruß, zum Beispiel Leitruß, Kohlenstofffasern, Softcarbon, Hardcarbon und Kombinationen davon. Der Zusatz kann die Leitfähigkeit der Beschichtungsmasse erhöhen und somit zu verbesserten Leistungseigenschaften der hergestellten Kathode führen. Zudem kann der Zusatz die Verarbeitbarkeit und/oder die Auftragbarkeit der Beschichtungsmasse verbessern. The coating composition can contain an additive selected from the group consisting of synthetic graphite, natural graphite, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, for example conductive carbon black, carbon fibers, soft carbon, hard carbon and combinations thereof. The addition can increase the conductivity of the coating composition and thus lead to improved performance properties of the cathode produced. In addition, the addition can improve the processability and/or the applicability of the coating composition.
Weist der Zusatz selbst eine höhere Härte als die Kathoden-Kollektor- Trägerfolie auf, kann der Zusatz zusätzlich zum partikelförmigen Hilfsmaterial die Kathoden-Kollektor-T rägerfolie perforieren. If the additive itself is harder than the cathode-collector carrier foil, the additive can perforate the cathode-collector carrier foil in addition to the particulate auxiliary material.
Um die Handhabung der Beschichtungsmasse zu verbessern und/oder die Kompatibilität der Beschichtungsmasse mit weiteren Bestandteilen der Kathode zu erhöhen, kann die Beschichtungsmasse ein Bindemittel umfassen, wobei das Bindemittel insbesondere ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Styrol- Butadien-Kautschuk (SBR), Polyethylenoxid (PEO), Polyvinylpyrrolidon (PVP), Polyamid (PA), Polyvinylidenfluorid (PVdF), Polyvinylidenfluorid- hexafluoropropylen (PVdF-HFP), Polyacrylat, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), Polyimid (PI), PTFE und Kombinationen davon.
Das Bindemittel ist insbesondere auf das in der Kathode vorgesehene Aktivmaterial sowie auf weitere Komponenten der Elektrode abgestimmt, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Haftung zur Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie. Beispielsweise sollte das Bindemittel hydrophil sein, falls eine wasserbasierte Beschichtungsmasse bzw. Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse zum Aufbringen des Aktivmaterials der Kathode zum Einsatz kommen soll. In order to improve the handling of the coating composition and/or to increase the compatibility of the coating composition with other components of the cathode, the coating composition can include a binder, the binder being selected in particular from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyamide (PA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVdF-HFP), polyacrylate, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyimide (PI), PTFE and combinations thereof. The binder is tailored in particular to the active material provided in the cathode and to other components of the electrode, in particular with regard to adhesion to the cathode-collector carrier film. For example, the binder should be hydrophilic if a water-based coating composition or active material coating composition is to be used for applying the active material of the cathode.
Über die Auswahl des Bindemittels und den Gehalt des Bindemittels in der Beschichtungsmasse kann die Viskosität der Beschichtungsmasse gezielt eingestellt werden. Auf diese Weise kann das Verhalten der Beschichtungsmasse in den jeweils verwendeten Beschichtungsverfahren gezielt beeinflusst werden. The viscosity of the coating composition can be adjusted in a targeted manner via the selection of the binder and the content of the binder in the coating composition. In this way, the behavior of the coating mass can be influenced in a targeted manner in the coating process used in each case.
Die Beschichtungsmasse kann mittels Nassbeschichten, Trockenbeschichten, Aufpressen, Laminieren, Kaschieren, Extrudieren und/oder Aufsprühen auf die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie aufgebracht werden. The coating composition can be applied to the cathode-collector carrier film by means of wet coating, dry coating, pressing, laminating, coating, extruding and/or spraying.
Die Beschichtungsmasse kann ein Kathoden-Aktivmaterial umfassen und/oder es kann zusätzlich eine Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse auf die Kathoden- Kollektor-Trägerfolie aufgebracht werden. The coating composition can include a cathode active material and/or an active material coating composition can additionally be applied to the cathode-collector carrier film.
Die Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse umfasst ein Kathoden-Aktivmaterial und optional ein Aktivmaterial-Bindemittel, ein Träger-Lösungsmittel und/oder Zusätze, insbesondere Leitfähigkeitszusätze und/oder Dispergier-Hilfsstoffe. The active material coating composition comprises a cathode active material and optionally an active material binder, a carrier solvent and/or additives, in particular conductivity additives and/or dispersing aids.
Das Kathoden-Aktivmaterial kann grundlegend jedes im Stand der Technik bekannte Kathoden-Aktivmaterial sein. Darunter fallen zum Beispiel Lithiumübergangsmetalloxide wie UC0O2, Lithium-Nickel-Kobalt-Mangan- Verbindungen (unter der Abkürzung NCM bzw. NMC bekannt) und Lithium-Nickel- Kobalt-Aluminium-Oxid (NCA), Lithiumolivine wie Lithium-Eisenphosphat (LFP) sowie Lithiumspinelle wie Lithium-Mangan-Oxid-Spinell (LMO). Auch sogenannte Over-Lithiated Layered Oxides (OLO) können eingesetzt werden. Das Kathoden- Aktivmaterial kann auch Mischungen aus zwei oder mehreren der genannten lithiumhaltigen Verbindungen enthalten. The cathode-active material can be basically any cathode-active material known in the art. This includes, for example, lithium transition metal oxides such as UC0O 2 , lithium nickel cobalt manganese compounds (known by the abbreviation NCM or NMC) and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA), lithium olivines such as lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and lithium spinels such as lithium manganese oxide spinel (LMO). So-called over-lithiated layered oxides (OLO) can also be used. The cathode active material can also contain mixtures of two or more of the lithium-containing compounds mentioned.
Das Kathoden-Aktivmaterial kann wenigstens teilweise die Funktion des partikelförmigen Hilfsstoffs übernehmen, wenn das Kathoden-Aktivmaterial eine höhere Härte als die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie aufweist und partikelförmig ist,
beispielsweise wenn das Kathoden-Aktivmaterial partikelförmiges NMC, NCA, UC0O2 und/oder LMO umfasst. The cathode active material can at least partially take over the function of the particulate auxiliary if the cathode active material has a higher hardness than the cathode collector carrier foil and is particulate, for example when the cathode active material comprises particulate NMC, NCA, UC0O2 and/or LMO.
Die Zusammensetzungen der Beschichtungsmasse zur in situ Behandlung der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie beim Verdichten sowie der Aktivmaterial- Beschichtungsmasse sind erfindungsgemäß aufeinander abgestimmt, um eine möglichst leistungsfähige Kathode zu erhalten. According to the invention, the compositions of the coating composition for the in situ treatment of the cathode-collector carrier film during compaction and of the active material coating composition are matched to one another in order to obtain a cathode that is as efficient as possible.
In einer Variante wird die Beschichtungsmasse zeitlich vor der Aktivmaterial- Beschichtungsmasse auf die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie aufgebracht. In one variant, the coating composition is applied to the cathode-collector carrier film before the active-material coating composition.
Beispielsweise wird zunächst die Beschichtungsmasse in einer ersten Schicht auf die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie und anschließend die Aktivmaterial- Beschichtungsmasse in einer zweiten Schicht über der ersten Schicht aufgebracht. Das Verhältnis der Dicke von erster Schicht zu zweiter Schicht liegt insbesondere im Bereich von 1:2 bis 1 :100, bevorzugt von 1 :3 bis 1 :40. For example, first the coating compound is applied in a first layer to the cathode-collector carrier film and then the active material coating compound is applied in a second layer over the first layer. The ratio of the thickness of the first layer to the second layer is in particular in the range from 1:2 to 1:100, preferably from 1:3 to 1:40.
In einer Variante wird die Beschichtungsmasse bereits vor dem Aufträgen der Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse verdichtet und auf diese Weise die wenigstens eine Öffnung durch das Hilfsmaterial in der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie erzeugt. Die nach dem Verdichten der Beschichtungsmasse aufgebrachte Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse wird in dieser Variante bevorzugt in einem anschließenden zweiten Verdichtungsschritt verdichtet, wobei das Hilfsmaterial die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie zusätzlich im zweiten Verdichtungsschritt perforieren und/oder aufschneiden kann. In one variant, the coating compound is already compacted before the active material coating compound is applied, and in this way the at least one opening is produced through the auxiliary material in the cathode-collector carrier film. In this variant, the active material coating composition applied after compacting the coating composition is preferably compacted in a subsequent second compaction step, with the auxiliary material also being able to perforate and/or cut open the cathode-collector carrier film in the second compaction step.
Werden die Beschichtungsmasse und die Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse mittels einer Beschichtungsvorrichtung mit wenigstens zwei Düsen aufgetragen, wobei die Beschichtungsmasse und die Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse über unterschiedliche Düsen dosiert werden, können die erste und die zweite Schicht mittels der gleichen Beschichtungsvorrichtung aufgetragen werden, bevorzugt mit einem Zeitversatz von höchstens einigen Sekunden. If the coating composition and the active material coating composition are applied using a coating device with at least two nozzles, with the coating composition and the active material coating composition being metered via different nozzles, the first and the second layer can be applied using the same coating device, preferably with a time offset of at most a few seconds.
Alternativ kann die Beschichtungsmasse auf die Kathoden-Kollektor- Trägerfolie über eine Sprühdüse aufgesprüht werden bevor, insbesondere unmittelbar bevor, die Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse aufgetragen wird.
In einer weiteren Variante werden die Beschichtungsmasse und die Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse in einem einzigen Verfahrensschritt auf die Kathoden-Kollektor-T rägerfolie aufgebracht. Alternatively, the coating composition can be sprayed onto the cathode-collector carrier film via a spray nozzle before, in particular immediately before, the active material coating composition is applied. In a further variant, the coating compound and the active material coating compound are applied to the cathode-collector carrier film in a single process step.
Beispielsweise wird die Beschichtungsmasse mit der Aktivmaterial- Beschichtungsmasse vor dem Aufbringen zu einer Gesamtmasse vermischt und die Gesamtmasse auf die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie aufgebracht, beispielsweise mittels einer Düse. For example, the coating mass is mixed with the active material coating mass before application to form a total mass and the total mass is applied to the cathode-collector carrier film, for example by means of a nozzle.
Das in der Beschichtungsmasse enthaltene partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial kann sich nach dem Aufbringen der Gesamtmasse mittels der Schwerkraft absetzen, sodass auch bei Verwendung einer Gesamtmasse ein direkter Kontakt zwischen Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie und partikelförmigen Hilfsmaterial vor dem Verdichten gewährleistet werden kann. The particulate auxiliary material contained in the coating mass can settle by gravity after the application of the total mass, so that even when using a total mass direct contact between the cathode-collector carrier foil and the particulate auxiliary material can be ensured before compaction.
Um die Absetzrate des partikelförmigen Hilfsmaterials in der Gesamtmasse einzustellen, das heißt die Geschwindigkeit des schwerkraftbedingten Absetzens des Hilfsmaterials in der Gesamtmasse, kann die Viskosität der Gesamtmasse, der Beschichtungsmasse und/oder der Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse angepasst werden. Dies kann durch Auswahl des Bindemittels und/oder durch Hinzufügen eines geeigneten Lösungsmittels erfolgen. In order to adjust the settling rate of the particulate auxiliary material in the bulk, that is, the rate of gravitational settling of the auxiliary material in the bulk, the viscosity of the bulk, the coating and/or the active material coating may be adjusted. This can be done by selecting the binder and/or by adding a suitable solvent.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird ferner gelöst durch eine Lithiumionenbatterie umfassend wenigstens eine Kathode, die nach einem Verfahren wie zuvor beschrieben erhältlich ist. The object of the invention is also achieved by a lithium-ion battery comprising at least one cathode which can be obtained using a method as described above.
Durch die im Herstellungsverfahren der Kathode erzeugten Öffnungen in der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie weist die erfindungsgemäße Lithiumionenbatterie eine gleichmäßige und vollständige Benetzung der wenigstens einen Kathode mit Elektrolyt auf, wodurch die erfindungsgemäße Lithiumionenbatterie eine hohe Strombelastbarkeit, hohe maximale Lade- und Entladerate, eine gute Zyklenstabilität sowie eine lange Lebensdauer aufweisen kann. The lithium-ion battery according to the invention has a uniform and complete wetting of the at least one cathode with electrolyte due to the openings in the cathode-collector carrier foil produced in the manufacturing process of the cathode, which means that the lithium-ion battery according to the invention has a high current-carrying capacity, high maximum charging and discharging rate, good cycle stability and can have a long service life.
Der Elektrolyt umfasst insbesondere ein Lösungsmittel und zumindest ein darin gelöstes Lithium-Leitsalz. The electrolyte includes in particular a solvent and at least one lithium conductive salt dissolved therein.
Das Lösungsmittel ist vorzugsweise inert. Geeignete Lösungsmittel sind beispielsweise organische Lösungsmittel wie Ethylencarbonat (EC),
Propylencarbonat (PC), Butylencarbonat, Dimethylcarbonat (DMC), Diethylcarbonat (DEC), Ethylmethylcarbonat (EMC), Fluorethylencarbonat (FEC), Vinylencarbonat (VC) Sulfolane, 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran und 1 ,3-Dioxolan. The solvent is preferably inert. Suitable solvents are, for example, organic solvents such as ethylene carbonate (EC), Propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), vinylene carbonate (VC), sulpholane, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and 1,3-dioxolane.
Als Lösungsmittel können auch ionische Flüssigkeiten verwendet werden. Solche ionischen Flüssigkeiten enthalten ausschließlich Ionen. Bevorzugte Kationen, die insbesondere alkyliert sein können, sind Imidazolium-, Pyridinium-, Pyrrolidinium-, Guanidinium-, Uronium-, Thiuronium-, Piperidinium-, Morpholinium-, Sulfonium-, Ammonium- und Phosphonium-Kationen. Beispiele für verwendbare Anionen sind Halogenid-, Tetrafluoroborat-, Trifluoracetat-, Triflat-, Hexafluorophosphat-, Phosphinat- und Tosylat-Anionen. Ionic liquids can also be used as solvents. Such ionic liquids contain only ions. Preferred cations, which can be alkylated in particular, are imidazolium, pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, guanidinium, uronium, thiuronium, piperidinium, morpholinium, sulfonium, ammonium and phosphonium cations. Examples of anions that can be used are halide, tetrafluoroborate, trifluoroacetate, triflate, hexafluorophosphate, phosphinate and tosylate anions.
Als beispielhafte ionische Flüssigkeiten seien genannt: N-Methyl-N-propyl- piperidinium-bis(trifluormethylsulfonyl)imid, N-Methyl-N-butyl-pyrrolidinium-bis(tri- fluormethyl-sulfonyl)imid, N-Butyl-N-trimethyl-ammonium-bis(trifluormethyl- sulfonyl)imid, Triethylsulfonium-bis(trifluormethylsulfonyl)imid und N,N-Diethyl-N- methyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-ammonium-bis(trifluormethylsulfonyl)-imid. Examples which may be mentioned of ionic liquids are: N-methyl-N-propylpiperidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, N-methyl-N-butylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, N-butyl-N-trimethyl -ammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, triethylsulfonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and N,N-diethyl-N-methyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl)ammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide.
In einer Variante können zwei oder mehrere der oben genannten Flüssigkeiten verwendet werden. In a variant, two or more of the above liquids can be used.
Bevorzugte Lithium-Leitsalze sind Lithiumsalze, welche inerte Anionen aufweisen und welche vorzugsweise nicht toxisch sind. Geeignete Lithiumsalze sind insbesondere Lithiumhexafluorophosphat (LiPFe), Lithiumtetrafluoroborat (L1BF4) und Mischungen dieser Salze. Preferred lithium conductive salts are lithium salts which have inert anions and which are preferably non-toxic. Suitable lithium salts are, in particular, lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPFe), lithium tetrafluoroborate (L1BF4) and mixtures of these salts.
Die Lithiumionenbatterie kann eine Traktionsbatterie in einem Fahrzeug sein. Ebenso kann die Lithiumionenbatterie in einem Wearable, einem E-Bike, einem Smartphone, einem Powertool, einem Laptop, einem eBook-Reader, einer mobilen Powerbank oder einem stationären Energiespeicher verwendet werden. The lithium ion battery may be a traction battery in a vehicle. The lithium-ion battery can also be used in a wearable, an e-bike, a smartphone, a power tool, a laptop, an e-book reader, a mobile power bank or a stationary energy storage device.
Weitere Vorteile und Eigenschaften der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform, die nicht in einem einschränkenden Sinn verstanden werden soll, sowie aus den Zeichnungen. In diesen zeigen: Further advantages and characteristics of the invention emerge from the following description of a preferred embodiment, which should not be understood in a limiting sense, and from the drawings. In these show:
- Fig. 1 schematisch eine Schnittansicht einer Kathode wie sie im Stand der Technik bekannt ist,
- Fig. 2 schematisch eine Schnittansicht einer Kathode, wie sie mittels eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens hergestellt werden kann, - Fig. 1 schematically shows a sectional view of a cathode as known in the prior art, FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a cathode which can be manufactured using a method according to the invention;
- Fig. 3 ein Blockschema des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Herstellen der Kathode aus Fig. 2, und 3 is a block diagram of the method according to the invention for manufacturing the cathode of FIG. 2, and
- Fig. 4 schematisch eine Schnittansicht einer Zwischenstufe in der Herstellung der Kathode aus Fig. 2. - Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of an intermediate stage in the manufacture of the cathode of Fig. 2.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Schnittansicht einer nicht erfindungsgemäßen Kathode 10 einer Lithiumionenbatterie, wie sie im Stand der Technik bekannt ist. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a cathode 10 not according to the invention of a lithium-ion battery, as is known in the prior art.
Die Kathode 10 umfasst eine Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie 12, welche zugleich als Stromableiter der Kathode 10 dient. The cathode 10 includes a cathode-collector carrier film 12, which also serves as a current collector for the cathode 10.
Die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie 12 ist insbesondere eine Aluminiumfolie.The cathode collector carrier foil 12 is in particular an aluminum foil.
Auf einer ersten Hauptfläche 14 sowie auf einer der ersten Hauptfläche 14 entgegengesetzten zweiten Hauptfläche 16 der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie 12 ist ein Kathoden-Aktivmaterial 18 in Form eines Kathodenfilms 19 aufgebracht. A cathode active material 18 in the form of a cathode film 19 is applied to a first main surface 14 and to a second main surface 16 , opposite the first main surface 14 , of the cathode-collector carrier foil 12 .
Das Kathoden-Aktivmaterial 18 kann jedes im Stand der Technik gebräuchliche Material sein, das in der Lage ist, Lithiumionen reversibel aufzunehmen beziehungsweise abzugeben. The cathode active material 18 can be any material known in the art that is capable of reversibly accepting or donating lithium ions.
Wie in Fig. 1 zu erkennen ist, weist die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie 12 keinerlei Öffnungen auf. Entsprechend ist die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie 12 für einen Elektrolyten undurchlässig, wodurch die Benetzung der Kathode 10 mit dem Elektrolyten in einer Lithiumionenbatterie nur langsam und/oder unvollständig verläuft. As can be seen in FIG. 1, the cathode collector carrier foil 12 has no openings whatsoever. Accordingly, the cathode-collector carrier foil 12 is impermeable to an electrolyte, as a result of which the wetting of the cathode 10 with the electrolyte in a lithium-ion battery takes place only slowly and/or incompletely.
In Fig. 2 ist eine Kathode 10 dargestellt, wie sie durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Kathode erhältlich ist. FIG. 2 shows a cathode 10 as can be obtained by a method according to the invention for producing a cathode.
Für Bauteile, welche im Wesentlichen analog zum Stand der Technik sind, werden gleiche Bezugszeichen verwendet und es wird auf die obigen Ausführungen verwiesen, sodass im Folgenden nur abweichende Merkmale und Bauteile näher erläutert werden.
Die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Kathode 10 weist eine Kathoden-Kollektor- Trägerfolie 12 mit mehreren Öffnungen 20 auf, die sich jeweils über die gesamte Dicke der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie 12 hindurch erstrecken, das heißt von der ersten Hauptfläche 14 bis zur zweiten Hauptfläche 16. Selbstredend kann auch eine Anzahl von Öffnungen 20 vorhanden sein, die von der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Ausführungsform abweichen, solange wenigstens eine Öffnung 20 für den Durchtritt von Elektrolyt durch die Kathoden-Kollektor- Trägerfolie 12 vorhanden ist. For components that are essentially analogous to the prior art, the same reference symbols are used and reference is made to the above statements, so that only different features and components are explained in more detail below. The cathode 10 shown in FIG. 2 has a cathode-collector carrier foil 12 with a plurality of openings 20, each of which extends over the entire thickness of the cathode-collector carrier foil 12, ie from the first main surface 14 to the second main surface 16. Of course, there can also be a number of openings 20, which deviate from the embodiment shown in FIG.
Ferner weist die Kathode 10 ein partikelförmiges Hilfsmaterial 22 auf, welches wenigstens teilweise in den Öffnungen 20 angeordnet ist. Furthermore, the cathode 10 has a particulate auxiliary material 22 which is at least partially arranged in the openings 20 .
Das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial 22 ist ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Lithiumionenleitern, S1O2, AI2O3, T1O2, B2O3, Böhmit, künstlichemThe particulate auxiliary material 22 is selected from the group consisting of lithium ion conductors, S1O 2 , Al 2 O 3 , T1O 2 , B 2 O 3 , boehmite, synthetic
Diamantstaub und Kombinationen davon und weist eine mittlere Partikelgröße D50 in der Größenordnung der Dicke der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie 12 auf sowie eine Härte nach Mohs im Bereich von 2 bis 10, insbesondere eine Härte nach Mohs im Bereich von größer 2,75 bis 10, beispielsweise 3 bis 10. Diamond dust and combinations thereof and has an average particle size D50 in the order of the thickness of the cathode-collector carrier foil 12 and a Mohs hardness in the range from 2 to 10, in particular a Mohs hardness in the range from greater than 2.75 to 10, for example 3 to 10.
Die Öffnungen 20 ermöglichen einen Durchtritt von Elektrolyt von der ersten Hauptfläche 14 in Richtung der zweiten Hauptfläche 16 sowie von der zweiten Hauptfläche 16 in Richtung der ersten Hauptfläche 14, sodass die Kathode wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt schneller und gleichmäßiger mit Elektrolyt benetzt werden kann als es bei der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Kathode 10 wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt der Fall ist. The openings 20 allow electrolyte to pass from the first main surface 14 in the direction of the second main surface 16 and from the second main surface 16 in the direction of the first main surface 14, so that the cathode can be wetted with electrolyte more quickly and more evenly, as shown in FIG as is the case with the prior art cathode 10 as shown in FIG.
Im Folgenden wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Herstellen der Kathode 10, wie sie in Fig. 2 gezeigt ist, näher erläutert. Zunächst wird die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie 12 bereitgestellt (vgl. Schritt S1 in Fig. 3), wobei die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie 12 derjenigen aus Fig. 1 entspricht, das heißt noch keine der Öffnungen 20 (vgl. Fig. 2) aufweist. The method according to the invention for producing the cathode 10, as shown in FIG. 2, is explained in more detail below. First, the cathode-collector carrier foil 12 is provided (cf. step S1 in Fig. 3), the cathode-collector carrier foil 12 corresponding to that of Fig. 1, i.e. no openings 20 (cf. Fig. 2) having.
Anschließend wird eine Beschichtungsmasse auf die erste Hauptfläche 14 der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie 12 aufgebracht (vgl. Schritt S2 in Fig. 3 sowie Fig. 4).
Wie in Fig. 4 näher gezeigt, erfolgt das Aufträgen der Beschichtungsmasse in der dargestellten Ausführungsform über das Aufträgen einer Gesamtmasse 24 auf die erste Hauptfläche 14, wobei die Gesamtmasse 24 die Beschichtungsmasse sowie eine Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse umfasst. A coating compound is then applied to the first main surface 14 of the cathode collector carrier film 12 (cf. step S2 in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4). As shown in more detail in FIG. 4 , the application of the coating composition in the illustrated embodiment takes place by applying a total composition 24 to the first main surface 14 , the total composition 24 comprising the coating composition and an active material coating composition.
Die Beschichtungsmasse umfasst das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial 22 sowie ein nicht näher dargestelltes Bindemittel. Das Bindemittel ist ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Styrol-Butadien-Kautschuk (SBR), Polyethylenoxid (PEO), Polyvinylpyrrolidon (PVP), Polyamid (PA), Polyvinylidenfluorid (PVdF), Polyvinylidenfluorid-hexafluoropropylen (PVdF-HFP), Polyacrylat,The coating composition includes the particulate auxiliary material 22 and a binder that is not shown in detail. The binder is selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyamide (PA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVdF-HFP), polyacrylate,
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), Polyimid (PI), PTFE und Kombinationen davon. carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyimide (PI), PTFE and combinations thereof.
Ferner kann die Beschichtungsmasse einen Zusatz enthalten, der ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus synthetischem Graphit, Naturgraphit, Kohlenstoffnanoröhren, Ruß, zum Beispiel Leitruß, Kohlenstofffasern, Softcarbon, Hardcarbon und Kombinationen davon. Der Zusatz kann die Leitfähigkeit der Beschichtungsmasse erhöhen sowie deren Verarbeitbarkeit und/oder Auftragbarkeit verbessern. Furthermore, the coating composition can contain an additive that is selected from the group consisting of synthetic graphite, natural graphite, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, for example conductive carbon black, carbon fibers, soft carbon, hard carbon and combinations thereof. The addition can increase the conductivity of the coating composition and improve its processability and/or applicability.
Die Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse umfasst das Kathoden- Aktivmaterial 18 sowie ein nicht näher dargestelltes Aktivmaterial-Bindemittel bzw. Elektroden-Bindemittel. The active material coating composition includes the cathode active material 18 and an active material binder or electrode binder, which is not shown in detail.
Nach Aufträgen der Gesamtmasse 24 setzt sich das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial 22 bedingt durch die Schwerkraft ab, sodass dieses direkt an die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie 12 angrenzt, wie in Fig. 4 dargestellt. After application of the total mass 24, the particulate auxiliary material 22 settles due to gravity, so that it is directly adjacent to the cathode-collector carrier foil 12, as shown in FIG.
Grundsätzlich können die Beschichtungsmasse mit dem partikelförmigen Hilfsmaterial 22 und die Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse auch einzeln nacheinander auf der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie 12 aufgebracht werden. In principle, the coating compound with the particulate auxiliary material 22 and the active material coating compound can also be applied individually one after the other to the cathode-collector carrier film 12 .
Das Aufbringen der Beschichtungsmasse, der Aktivmaterial- Beschichtungsmasse und/oder der Gesamtmasse 24 kann mittels Nassbeschichten, Trockenbeschichten, Aufpressen, Laminieren, Kaschieren, Extrudieren und/oder Aufsprühen auf die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie 12 erfolgen.
Auf der zweiten Hauptfläche 16 ist, wie in Fig. 4 gezeigt, lediglich eine Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse aufgebracht. Grundsätzlich könnte natürlich auch auf der zweiten Hauptfläche 16 eine Gesamtmasse 24 oder eine Beschichtungsmasse eingesetzt werden. Ausgehend von der in Fig. 4 gezeigten Zwischenstufe wird die Beschichtungsmasse, genauer die Gesamtmasse 24 in der gezeigten Ausführungsform, unter Bildung des Kathodenfilms 19 (vgl. Fig. 2) verdichtet, beispielsweise mittels Kalandern (vgl. Schritt S3 in Fig. 3). The coating mass, the active material coating mass and/or the total mass 24 can be applied to the cathode-collector carrier film 12 by means of wet coating, dry coating, pressing, laminating, lining, extruding and/or spraying. As shown in FIG. 4 , only an active material coating composition is applied to the second main surface 16 . In principle, of course, a total mass 24 or a coating mass could also be used on the second main surface 16 . Starting from the intermediate stage shown in FIG. 4, the coating mass, more precisely the total mass 24 in the embodiment shown, is compacted to form the cathode film 19 (cf. FIG. 2), for example by means of calenders (cf. step S3 in FIG. 3).
Dabei wird eine Kraft F auf die Gesamtmasse 24 ausgeübt, wie in Fig. 4 mittels eines Pfeils angedeutet, wodurch das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial 22 in die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie 12 gepresst wird und diese aufgrund der höheren Härte des partikelförmigen Hilfsmaterials 22 im Vergleich zur Kathoden-Kollektor- Trägerfolie 12 perforiert, um die Öffnungen 20 herzustellen. A force F is exerted on the total mass 24, as indicated by an arrow in Fig. 4, whereby the particulate auxiliary material 22 is pressed into the cathode-collector carrier foil 12 and this due to the higher hardness of the particulate auxiliary material 22 compared to the cathode -Collector- carrier foil 12 perforated to produce the openings 20.
Somit ermöglicht es das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, die Öffnungen 20, die zur Verbesserung der Benetzung eingesetzt werden können, in situ während der Herstellung der Kathode 10 zu erzeugen.
Thus, the method according to the invention makes it possible to create the openings 20, which can be used to improve wetting, in situ during the manufacture of the cathode 10.
Claims
1. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Kathode (10) für eineClaims 1. A method of making a cathode (10) for a
Lithiumionenbatterie, umfassend folgende Schritte: Lithium ion battery, comprising the following steps:
- Bereitstellen einer Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie (12), - Providing a cathode collector carrier foil (12),
- Aufbringen einer Beschichtungsmasse, die ein partikelförmiges Hilfsmaterial (22) enthält, auf wenigstens eine Hauptfläche (14, 16) der Kathoden- Kollektor-Trägerfolie (12), - Applying a coating composition containing a particulate auxiliary material (22) to at least one main surface (14, 16) of the cathode-collector carrier foil (12),
- Verdichten der Beschichtungsmasse unter Bildung eines Kathodenfilms auf der Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie (12), wobei die Kathoden-Kollektor- Trägerfolie (12) beim Verdichten der Beschichtungsmasse durch das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial (22) perforiert wird. - Compacting the coating mass to form a cathode film on the cathode-collector carrier foil (12), the cathode-collector carrier foil (12) being perforated by the particulate auxiliary material (22) when the coating mass is compacted.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial (22) ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Lithiumionenleitern, S1O2, AI2O3, T1O2, B2O3, Böhmit, künstlichem Diamantenstaub und Kombinationen davon. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the particulate auxiliary material (22) is selected from the group consisting of lithium ion conductors, SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , T1O 2 , B 2 O 3 , boehmite, artificial diamond dust and combinations thereof.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das partikelförmige Hilfsmaterial (22) eine Härte nach Mohs im Bereich von 2 bis 10 aufweist, bevorzugt eine Härte nach Mohs von größer 2,75 bis 10. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the particulate auxiliary material (22) has a Mohs hardness in the range from 2 to 10, preferably a Mohs hardness of greater than 2.75 to 10.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtungsmasse einen Zusatz enthält, der ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus synthetischem Graphit, Naturgraphit, Kohlenstoffnanoröhren, Ruß, Kohlenstofffasern, Softcarbon, Hardcarbon und Kombinationen davon. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating composition contains an additive selected from the group consisting of synthetic graphite, natural graphite, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, carbon fibers, soft carbon, hard carbon and combinations thereof.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtungsmasse ein Bindemittel umfasst, wobei das Bindemittel insbesondere ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Styrol-Butadien-Kautschuk (SBR), Polyethylenoxid (PEO), Polyvinylpyrrolidon (PVP), Polyamid (PA), Polyvinylidenfluorid (PVdF), Polyvinylidenfluorid- hexafluoropropylen (PVdF-HFP), Polyacrylat, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), Polyimid (PI), PTFE und Kombinationen davon.
5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating composition comprises a binder, wherein the binder is selected in particular from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyamide (PA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVdF-HFP), polyacrylate, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyimide (PI), PTFE and combinations thereof.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtungsmasse mittels Nassbeschichten, Trockenbeschichten, Aufpressen, Laminieren, Kaschieren, Extrudieren und/oder Aufsprühen auf die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie (12) aufgebracht wird. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating composition is applied to the cathode collector carrier film (12) by means of wet coating, dry coating, pressing, laminating, lining, extruding and/or spraying.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtungsmasse ein Kathoden-Aktivmaterial (18) umfasst und/oder eine Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse auf die Kathoden- Kollektor-Trägerfolie (12) aufgebracht wird. 7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating composition comprises a cathode active material (18) and / or an active material coating composition is applied to the cathode collector carrier film (12).
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtungsmasse zeitlich vor der Aktivmaterial-Beschichtungsmasse auf die8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the coating composition in time before the active material coating composition on the
Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie (12) aufgebracht wird. Cathode collector carrier foil (12) is applied.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtungsmasse und die Kathoden-Beschichtungsmasse in einem einzigen Verfahrensschritt auf die Kathoden-Kollektor-Trägerfolie (12) aufgebracht werden. 9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the coating composition and the cathode coating composition are applied to the cathode collector carrier film (12) in a single process step.
10. Lithiumionenbatterie, umfassend wenigstens eine Kathode (10), die nach einem Verfahren gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche erhältlich ist.
10. Lithium ion battery, comprising at least one cathode (10) which is obtainable by a method according to any one of the preceding claims.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021103510.4A DE102021103510A1 (en) | 2021-02-15 | 2021-02-15 | Method of manufacturing a cathode for a lithium ion battery and a lithium ion battery |
| PCT/EP2022/053378 WO2022171802A1 (en) | 2021-02-15 | 2022-02-11 | Method for producing a cathode for a lithium-ion battery, and lithium-ion battery |
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| EP4292148A1 true EP4292148A1 (en) | 2023-12-20 |
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| EP22706769.1A Pending EP4292148A1 (en) | 2021-02-15 | 2022-02-11 | Method for producing a cathode for a lithium-ion battery, and lithium-ion battery |
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| US (1) | US20240128429A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP4292148A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN116868358A (en) |
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| US3642538A (en) * | 1969-10-31 | 1972-02-15 | Zito Co | Metal halide battery |
| EP3012885B1 (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2018-08-08 | Sion Power Corporation | Ion-conductive composite for electrochemical cells |
| EP3249718B1 (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2019-09-11 | Belenos Clean Power Holding AG | Electrochemical cell for rechargeable lithium-ion battery |
| JP2018055943A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-04-05 | 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ | Lithium ion secondary battery |
| WO2020218334A1 (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-10-29 | 京セラ株式会社 | Cell, cell stack device, module, and module accommodation device |
| CN111952539A (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-17 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Preparation method of high-capacity electrode and metal lithium battery |
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| WO2022171802A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 |
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