EP4274859A1

EP4274859A1 - Composition comprising polymers of natural origin and having properties for thickening polar media

Info

Publication number: EP4274859A1
Application number: EP21843743.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Miruna BODOC; Stéphane MONTEILLET
Original assignee: Societe dExploitation de Produits pour les Industries Chimiques SEPPIC SA
Current assignee: Societe dExploitation de Produits pour les Industries Chimiques SEPPIC SA
Priority date: 2021-01-07
Filing date: 2021-12-22
Publication date: 2023-11-15
Also published as: FR3118628B1; WO2022148659A1; CN117255821A; US20240091109A1; FR3118628A1; JP2024502945A

Abstract

Composition (CA) in the form of a self-reversible water-in-oil-type emulsion comprising, for 100% of its mass, a mass content of greater than or equal to 20% of a polymer (P) consisting of monomeric units derived from glutamic acid (GA), partially or totally salified, and units derived from at least one crosslinking agent (AR) bearing at least two glycidyl functions.

Description

Composition comprising polymers of natural origin and which exhibit thickening properties of polar media

The present invention relates to a composition in the form of a self-inverting water-in-oil type emulsion, the process for preparing such a composition and the use of this composition for preparing cosmetic compositions with topical use.
Polymers are widely used today in cosmetic formulations for topical use and represent the second family of products most used in this type of complex formulations. Cosmetic compositions contain polar phases such as, for example, phases consisting of water, and in most cases require the use of rheology modifying agents, such as, for example, polymers, to increase the viscosity of these polar phases, as well as only to impart a well-defined rheological behavior.
Among the rheology-modifying polymers of the polar phases, we can cite natural polymers, such as for example polysaccharides based on oses or polysaccharides based on derivatives of oses, or else synthetic polymers of the polyelectrolyte type, anionic or cationic or amphiphilic, linear or branched, cross-linked or non-cross-linked. Predominantly present on the market for ingredients intended for cosmetic formulations, synthetic polymers have the property of unfolding, in the polar phase, under the effect of electrostatic repulsions due to the presence of charges (negative and/or positive) on the skeleton. polymeric, linear or branched, non-crosslinked or crosslinked. These rheology modifiers provide both an increase in the viscosity of the polar phase, as well as a certain consistency and/or a stabilizing effect conferred on the cosmetic, dermo-cosmetic or dermo-pharmaceutical formulation to be thickened.
In order to meet consumer needs and improve the performance of cosmetic formulations, various recent scientific works have reported the development of new, innovative and varied polymer systems. Thus, the polymers used for the cosmetics or dermocosmetics industries can play a functional role as film-forming agents, rheology modifiers, agents allowing the stabilization of fatty phases in water-in-oil emulsions and oil-in-water, the stabilization of solid particles (pigments or fillers), or even as agents conferring particular sensory properties (softness to the touch, ease of gripping and application, freshness effect, etc.), or as agents that also have a direct impact on the appearance of the formula (transparent, translucent or opaque).
The rheology modifying polymers of polar phases, and more particularly of aqueous phases, are mainly polyelectrolytes which result from the radical polymerization of monomers of the (meth)acrylic type, that is to say acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, esters derived from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, or alternatively acrylamide or methacrylamide derivatives.
Developing new bio-sourced and biodegradable rheology modifiers, as effective as the synthetic polymers currently used, is still a major challenge and a challenge for cosmetic ingredient suppliers. Indeed, until now, the solutions mainly used to thicken aqueous phases involve ingredients originating from raw materials of petrochemical origin and in particular acrylic acid and its derivatives, methacrylic acid and its derivatives .
Given the growing concern of consumers for a sustainable and responsible economy and development, the substitution of raw materials of petrochemical origin by raw materials of renewable origin to prepare polymers is a priority area of research.
To date, it is described in the literature the use of various natural polymers or coming from renewable raw materials, whose monomeric units come from the family of sugars (glucose, arabinose, xylose, galactose, mannose, ribose, glucuronic acid , etc…) or from the family of amino acids (glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, etc…). These polymers are mostly linear or branched depending on the plant from which they come or according to their manufacturing process.
As an example of a polymer of natural origin, we can cite polyglutamic acid (PGA), which is today the subject of numerous research works. It is a predominantly linear polymer and consists of monomeric glutamic acid (GA) units. Glutamic acid is an amino acid characterized by an amine function in the α position and by two carboxylic acid functions (or carboxylates depending on the pH) in the α and γ positions (see chemical formula 1).
Chemical structure of glutamic acid (GA).
One of the ways to increase the branching of a synthetic, natural or of natural origin polymer consists in carrying out crosslinking reactions. The cross-linking of polymer chains aims to connect several polymer chains to each other which, when added to a polar phase, and more particularly to water, appear as a three-dimensional network insoluble in water. water, but swellable with water and then leading to the production of an aqueous gel.
Preparation of cross-linked polymers can be done:
In one step by reacting the monomers and the crosslinking agent during the polymerization reaction, or
In at least two steps, the first of which consists in preparing the polymer, and the second consists in reacting the polymer with a crosslinking agent to obtain a crosslinked polymer.
There are different crosslinking reactions of PGA, which makes it possible to obtain polymers of natural origin with improved thickening properties in polar media, and in particular aqueous ones.
Among the crosslinking agents known to be used in the PGA crosslinking reaction, the polyepoxide derivatives are the most described, because they make it possible to implement crosslinking processes under conditions that respect the environment (moderate temperatures, reactions in aqueous and in the absence of harmful solvents).
However, the implementation of these processes requires diluting the PGA to high levels, which leads to the production of a composition in the form of an aqueous gel comprising, for 100% of its mass, a mass content less than or equal to 10% of a polymer (P) and difficult to implement by formulators.
From there, a problem that arises is to provide an easy-to-use composition comprising polymers of natural origin and whose raw materials are renewable, and which have thickening properties of polar media and more particularly of aqueous media.
A solution of the present invention is a composition (CA) in the form of a self-inverting water-in-oil type emulsion comprising, for 100% of its mass, a mass content greater than or equal to 20% of a polymer (P) consisting of monomeric units derived from glutamic acid (GA), partially or totally salified, and units derived from at least one crosslinking agent (RA) carrying at least two glycidyl functions.
By "emulsion of the water-in-oil type" is meant within the meaning of the present invention a heterogeneous mixture of two immiscible liquids, one being dispersed in the form of small droplets in the other, said mixture being thermodynamically unstable and stabilized by the presence of a surfactant system comprising at least one emulsifying surfactant.
By "emulsion of the water-in-oil self-inverting type" is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, an emulsion of the water-in-oil type as defined above, in which the emulsifying surfactants present confer on the emulsion a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) such that once said emulsion has been added to a polar phase, such as for example water, the direction of the emulsion will change to pass from the water-in-oil form to the oil- in water, then making it possible to bring the polymer (P) into contact with the polar phase to be thickened.
In the polymer (P) present in the composition (CA) which is the subject of the present invention, the monomeric units derived from glutamic acid (GA), partially or totally salified, are linked together:

either in such a way that the amine function of a monomeric unit of glutamic acid (GA) is covalently linked with the carboxylic function located in the alpha (α) position of a second monomeric unit of glutamic acid (GA); the resulting polymer is then called “α-polyglutamic acid” or PAGA (see chemical formula 2) partially or totally salified,

Chemical structure of α-polyglutamic acid or PAGA.

either in such a way that the amine function of a monomeric unit of glutamic acid (GA) is covalently linked to the carboxylic function of the side chain located in the gamma (γ) position of a second monomeric unit of glutamic acid (GA); the resulting polymer is then called “γ-polyglutamic acid” or PGGA (cf chemical formula 3) partially or totally salified.

[Corrected per Rule 26, 2022-05-12]
Chemical structure of γ-polyglutamic acid or PGGA.
In general, the PGA can be prepared chemically according to peptide synthesis methods known to those skilled in the art, in particular passing through stages of selective protection(s), activation, coupling and deprotection(s). The coupling generally consists of a nucleophilic attack of the amine function of a monomeric glutamic acid unit on an activated carboxylic acid function of another monomeric glutamic acid unit.
PGGA can also be obtained by processes comprising at least one microbial fermentation step involving the use of at least one bacterial strain.
Within the meaning of the present invention, in the polymer (P) as defined previously, the term “salified” indicates that the “pendant” carboxylic acid function present on each monomeric unit of glutamic acid (GA) of the polymer (in the gamma position in the case of PAGA or alpha in the case of PGGA) is in an anionic or carboxylate form. The counter-ion of this carboxylate function is a cation derived, for example, from salts of alkali metals such as sodium, potassium or from salts of nitrogenous bases such as amines, lysine or monoethanolamine (HO-CH2-CH2 -NH2).
By “crosslinking agent (RA)”, is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, a chemical molecule whose structure makes it possible to bond covalently to at least two polymer chains.
By “crosslinking agent (RA) carrying at least two glycidyl functions”, is meant within the meaning of the present invention a crosslinking agent (RA) as defined above whose molecular structure comprises at least two glycidyl units or functions of formula ( I'):
The cross-linking of the polymer chains of the polymer (P) takes place according to a reaction between the terminal free amine function (-NH2) and/or one or more "pendent" or terminal carboxylic or carboxylate functions (-COOH or -COO-) present in the structure of said polymer (P), and at least one epoxy group present in the structure of the crosslinking agent (AR) bearing at least two glycidyl functions.
Depending on the case, the composition (CA) according to the invention may have one or more of the following characteristics:

the mass content of the polymer (P) is greater than or equal to 20% and less than or equal to 60%;
the polymer (P) is gamma-polyglutamic acid (PGGA) in acid form, or partially or totally salified;
in the polymer (P), for 100% molar of monomeric units derived from glutamic acid (GA), partially or totally salified, the crosslinking agent (RA) represents from 0.5% to 20% molar;
the composition (CA) has a viscosity of between 100 mPa.s and 10,000 mPa.s (measured with a Brookfield brand viscometer, RVT type, speed 5 rpm);
composition (CA) further comprises a monomeric unit derived from the compound of formula (X'):

With R4 representing a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, functionalized or unfunctionalized hydrocarbon radical and containing from 6 to 22 carbon atoms;
According to a particular aspect, R4 representing a hydrocarbon radical chosen from the elements of the group consisting of the radical heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, undecenyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, hydroxyoctadecyl, oleyl, linoleyl, linolenyl, eicosyl and dodecosyl.
According to another particular aspect, in said polymer (P), for 100% of the mass of monomeric units derived from glutamic acid (GA), partially or totally salified, the monomeric units derived from the compound of formula (X′) represent from 1% to 50% by mass.
Furthermore, the crosslinking agent (RA) may be chosen from the members of the group consisting of:

Ethylene Glycol Di Glycidyl ether of formula (I)

the compound of formula (II)

With R representing the hydrogen atom or the glycidyl radical [ ], and n which represents an integer greater than or equal to one and less than or equal to 10;
When R represents the hydrogen atom and n is equal to 1, the compound of formula (II) is more particularly the compound of formula (IIa) or Glycérol Diglycidyl ether
When R represents the [ ] and n is equal to 1, the compound of formula (II) is more particularly the compound of formula (IIb) or Glycerol Triglycidyl ether
When R represents the hydrogen atom and n is equal to 2, the compound of formula (II) is more particularly the compound of formula (IIc) or DiGlycérol Di Glycidyl ether
When R represents the [ ] and n is equal to 2, the compound of formula (II) is more particularly the compound of formula (IId) or Di Glycerol Tetra Glycidyl ether

The 1,3-propanediol DiGlycidyl ether of formula (III)

The 1,2-propanediol DiGlycidyl ether of formula (IV)

The 1,4-butanediol Di Glycidyl ether of formula (V)

1,2-butanediol Di Glycidyl ether of formula (VI)

The 1,3-butanediol Di Glycidyl ether of formula (VII)

The 1,6-hexanediol DiGlycidyl ether of formula (VIII)

The compound of formula (IX)

with R1 representing the hydrogen atom or the glycidyl radical [ ];
When R1 represents the hydrogen atom, the compound of formula (IX) is more particularly the compound of formula (IXa) or trimethylol ethane DiGlycidyl ether
When R1 represents the glycidyl radical [ ], the compound of formula (IX) is more particularly the compound of formula (IXb) or trimethylol ethane TriGlycidyl ether

The compound of formula (X)

with R1 representing the hydrogen atom or the glycidyl radical [ ];
When R1 represents the hydrogen atom, the compound of formula (X) is more particularly the compound of formula (Xa) or trimethylol propane DiGlycidyl ether
When R1 represents the glycidyl radical [ ], the compound of formula (X) is more particularly the compound of formula (Xb) or trimethylol propane TriGlycidyl ether

The compound of formula (XI)

with R1 and R2, independent, which represent the hydrogen atom or the glycidyl radical
[ ]
When R1 and R2 each represent the hydrogen atom, the compound of formula (XI) is more particularly the compound of formula (XIa) or Pentaerythritol Di Glycidyl ether
When R1 represents the hydrogen atom and R2 represents the glycidyl radical [ ], the compound of formula (XI) is more particularly the compound of formula (XIb) or Pentaerythritol Tri Glycidyl ether
When R1 and R2 each represent the glycidyl radical [ ], the compound of formula (XI) is more particularly the compound of formula (XIc) or Pentaerythritol Tetra Glycidyl ether

The compound of formula (XII)

with m representing an integer greater than or equal to 2

The compound of formula (XIII)

with R3 representing the hydrogen atom or the glycidyl radical [ ], and x, y, z, o, p and q, independent of each other, represent an integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 10.
The present invention also relates to a process for preparing a composition (CA) as defined above, comprising:

A step of preparing an aqueous solution comprising polyglutamic acid (PGA), partially or totally salified, with said aqueous solution comprising for 100% of its mass between 5% and 70% by mass of partially or totally salified PGA and an agent crosslinker (AR) comprising at least two glycidyl functions,
A step of adjusting the pH of the aqueous solution obtained in step a) to a pH between 3 and 11,
A step of preparing an organic phase containing at least one volatile oil, at least one other non-volatile oil (H), and at least one water-in-oil type emulsifying surfactant (S1);
A pre-emulsification step by adding, with stirring, the organic phase obtained in step c) to the aqueous solution obtained in step b),
A step of emulsifying the pre-emulsion obtained in step d) by homogenization with stirring,
A step for distilling the water and volatile oil contained in the emulsion obtained in step e),
A step of adding at least one oil-in-water type emulsifying surfactant (S2) so as to obtain the composition (CA).

Depending on the case, the method according to the invention may have one or more of the following characteristics:

in step a) the polymer (P) used is PGGA,
in step a) all of the monomeric units constituting the PGGA are derived from sodium glutamate, potassium glutamate, ammonium glutamate, calcium glutamate, magnesium glutamate or a mixture of these forms .
in step a) the crosslinking agent (RA) is present in mass proportions of between 0.5% and 10% by mass relative to the mass of polyglutamic acid (PGA).
in step c) the at least water-in-oil type emulsifier (S1) is chosen from the elements of the group consisting of sorbitan esters, polyglycerol esters, alkoxylated polyglycerol esters, polyhydroxystearates of polyglycols, polyglycerol polyhydroxystearates, alkoxylated polyglycerol polyhydroxystearates.
in step c) the organic solution comprises for 100% of its own mass between 10 and 30% by mass of at least one emulsifying agent of the water-in-oil type (S1), preferably between 15 and 20% by mass.
in step c) the water-in-oil type emulsifying agent (S1) is a polyglycerol polyhydroxystearate.
in step c) the organic solution comprises at least one polymeric surfactant, such as polyesters with a molecular weight of between 1000 and 3000, products of the condensation between a poly(isobutenyl) succinic acid or its anhydride and amino diethanol or finally the block copolymers with a molecular weight of between 2500 and 3500. This compound is introduced at 5 to 30% by weight in the fatty phase and preferably between 15 and 20% to stabilize the emulsion produced in step e).
in step g) the at least oil-in-water type emulsifying surfactant (S2) is chosen from the elements of the group consisting of a polyethoxylated fatty alcohol, a polyethoxylated hexitan ester, an alkylpolyglycoside, a composition of alkylpolyglycoside and fatty alcohols, a polyglycerol ester, a composition of polyglycerol ester and polyglycerol.
step d) is carried out so that the mass ratio between the aqueous solution and the organic phase is between 90/10 and 10/90, preferably between 20/80 and 40/60.
in step a), the aqueous solution further comprises at least one compound of formula (X'):

With R4 representing a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, functionalized or unfunctionalized hydrocarbon radical and comprising from 6 to 22 carbon atoms.
According to a particular aspect, R4 represents a hydrocarbon radical chosen from the elements of the group consisting of the radical heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, undecenyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, hydroxyoctadecyl, oleyl, linoleyl, linolenyl, eicosyl and dodecosyl.

the content of compound of formula (X') in the polar solution is comprised, for 100% by mass of said aqueous solution, between 0.05% and 35% by mass, it being understood that the sum of the proportions by mass of the polymer (P), of the crosslinking agent (RA), of the water and of the compound of formula (X′) is equal to 100%.
in step e) the homogenization is carried out under mechanical shearing agitation;
in step f) the distillation is carried out under vacuum and hot. This has the effect of cross-linking the polyglutamic acid and concentrating the emulsion;
in steps c) and f) the volatile oil is a light isoparaffin containing 8 to 11 carbon atoms. This isoparaffin may be chosen from those sold under the names ISOPARTM G, ISOPARTM L or ISOPARTM H or ISOPARTM J.

The choice of a concentrated inverse emulsion process makes it possible to solubilize the starting PGGA, its possible co-constituents, as well as the crosslinking agent(s) in the aqueous phase of the emulsion. The realization of the emulsion makes it possible to create droplets isolated from each other making possible the crosslinking of the PGA without caking of the reaction medium due to the increase in viscosity of the aqueous phase during the crosslinking step. The concentration step by distillation of a light fatty phase leads to obtaining a product in liquid form with an active ingredient content of more than 20%.
The present invention also relates to:

the use of said Composition (CA) according to the invention, as a thickening and/or emulsifying and/or stabilizing agent for a composition for topical cosmetic use; and
a cosmetic composition for topical use (F) characterized in that it comprises as thickening agent, for 100% of its total mass, between 0.1% by mass and 10% by mass of the said composition (CA) according to the invention.

According to one particular aspect, in the composition (CA) which is the subject of the present invention, the mass content of the polymer (P) is greater than or equal to 20% and less than or equal to 60%; and more particularly greater than or equal to 20% and less than or equal to 40%.
PGGA can exist in different conformational forms in solution in water. These depend on the inter and intra molecular hydrogen bonds and therefore on the pH, the polymer concentration, the ionic strength of the solution, as well as the temperature. The PGGA chains can thus adopt the form of an α-helix, a β-sheet, aggregates or else be in a disordered and random state.
According to a particular aspect, in the composition (CA) which is the subject of the present invention, the polymer (P) is in helical conformation when it is present in a solution at a mass content of less than or equal to 0.1% and of which said solution shows a pH value less than or equal to 7.
According to a particular aspect, in the composition (CA) which is the subject of the present invention, the polymer (P) is in sheet conformation when it is present in a solution at a mass content of less than or equal to 0.1% and of which said solution shows a pH value above 7.
According to a particular aspect of the composition (CA) which is the subject of the present invention, in the polymer (P), for 100% molar of monomeric units derived from glutamic acid (GA), partially or totally salified, the crosslinking agent (AR) represents from 1% to 20% molar, and even more particularly from 1% to 18% molar.
According to another particular aspect, the composition (CA) has a viscosity of between 1,000 mPa.s and 10,000 mPa.s (measured with a Brookfield brand viscometer, RVT type, speed 5 rpm), more particularly between 1 000 mPa.s and 5000 mPa.s.
According to another particular aspect, the crosslinking agent (RA) is ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether of formula (I).
According to another particular aspect, in step a) of the process which is the subject of the present invention, the partially or totally salified polyglutamic acid (PGA) is in the form of a potassium, sodium or ammonium salt, and more particularly in the form of a sodium salt.
According to another particular aspect, in step a) of the process which is the subject of the present invention, the aqueous solution comprises, for 100% of its mass, between 5% and 60% by mass, more particularly between 10% and 50% by mass, of partially or totally salified polyglutamic acid (PGA).
According to another particular aspect, in step a) of the process which is the subject of the present invention, the crosslinking agent (RA) is chosen from at least one of the members of the group consisting of the compounds of formulas (I), (II) , (III), (IV), (V), (VI), (VII), (VIII), (IX), (X), (XI), (XII) and (XIII) as previously defined.
According to another aspect, in step c) of the process which is the subject of the present invention, the term "volatile oil" denotes a fatty substance which is liquid at a temperature of 25° C. at atmospheric pressure, and whose flash point is between 40 and 100°C.
According to a more particular aspect, by "volatile oil" is meant within the meaning of the present invention an element of the group consisting of branched alkanes, comprising from seven to forty carbon atoms, such as isododecane, isopentadecane, isohexadecane , isoheptadecane, isooctadecane, isononadecane or isoeicosane), or mixtures of some of them such as those mentioned below and identified by their INCI name: C7-8 isoparaffin, C8-9 isoparaffin, C9-11 isoparaffin, C9-12 isoparaffin, C9-13 isoparaffin, C9-14 isoparaffin, C9-16 isoparaffin, C10-11 isoparaffin, C10-12 isoparaffin, C10-13 isoparaffin, C11-12 isoparaffin, C11-13 isoparaffin, C11-14 isoparaffin.
According to an even more particular aspect, by "volatile oil" is meant within the meaning of the present invention at least one element of the group consisting of isododecane, isohexadecane, C7-8 isoparaffin, C8-9 isoparaffin, C9 -11 isoparaffin, C11-13 isoparaffin, C11-14 isoparaffin.
According to another even more particular aspect of the present invention, the volatile oil is chosen from an element of the group consisting of C8-9 isoparaffin, C9-11 isoparaffin, C11-13 isoparaffin, C11-14 isoparaffin.
According to another even more particular aspect of the present invention, the “volatile oil” is chosen from an element of the group consisting of the isoparaffins marketed under the brand names ISOPARTM G, ISOPARTM L or ISOPARTM H or ISOPARTM J.
According to another aspect, in step c) of the process which is the subject of the present invention, the term “oil (H)” denotes a liquid fatty substance at a temperature of 25° C. at atmospheric pressure, in particular:

Linear alkanes comprising eleven to nineteen carbon atoms;
Branched alkanes, comprising from eleven to forty carbon atoms, such as isododecane, isopentadecane, isohexadecane, isoheptadecane, isooctadecane, isononadecane or isoeicosane), or mixtures of certain of between them such as those cited below and identified by their INCI name: C12-14 isoparaffin, C12-20 isoparaffin, C13-14 isoparaffin, C13-16 isoparaffin.
Cyclo-alkanes optionally substituted by one or more linear or branched alkyl radicals,
White mineral oils, such as those marketed under the following names: Marcol™52, Marcol™82, Drakeol™6VR, Eolane™130, Eolane™150,
Hemisqualane (or 2,6,10-trimethyl-dodecane; CAS number: 3891-98-3), squalane (or 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosane), hydrogenated polyisobutene or polydecene hydrogenated;
Mixtures of alkanes comprising from 15 to 19 carbon atoms, said alkanes being linear alkanes, branched alkanes and cyclo-alkanes, and more particularly the mixture (M1) which comprises for 100% of its mass:

a mass proportion of branched alkanes greater than or equal to 90% and less than or equal to 100%
a mass proportion of linear alkanes greater than or equal to 0% and less than or equal to 9%
a mass proportion of cycloalkanes greater than or equal to 0% and less than or equal to 1%, and

said mixture (M1) is characterized in that it comprises for 100% of its mass:

a mass proportion greater than or equal to 95% of branched alkanes, linear alkanes and cycloalkanes and less than or equal to 100% containing 15 to 19 carbon atoms, and
a mass proportion greater than or equal to 0% and less than or equal to 5% of branched alkanes, linear alkanes and cycloalkanes containing less than 14 carbon atoms, and linear alkanes and cycloalkanes containing more than 20 carbon.

By "linear alkanes" present in the mixture (M1) as defined above, and comprising from 15 to 19 carbon atoms, is meant more particularly within the meaning of the present invention the elements chosen from the group consisting of n- pentadecane, n-hexadecane, n-heptadecane, n-octadecane and n-nonadecane.
By "branched alkanes" present in the mixture (M1) as defined above, and comprising from 15 to 19 carbon atoms, is meant more particularly within the meaning of the present invention the elements chosen from the group consisting of the iso -pentadecane, iso-hexadecane, iso-heptadecane, iso-octadecane and iso-nonadecane.
The mixture (M1) is more particularly the mixture marketed under the brand name Emogreen™ L15 or else the mixture marketed under the brand name Emogreen™ L19.

The fatty alcohol ethers of formula (XIV):

Z1-O-Z2 (XIV),
in which Z1 and Z2, which are identical or different, represent a linear or branched alkyl radical containing from five to eighteen carbon atoms, for example dioctyl ether, didecyl ether, didodecyl ether, dodecyl octyl ether, dihexadecyl ether, (1,3 -dimethyl butyl) tetradecyl ether, (1,3-dimethyl butyl) hexadecyl ether, bis(1,3-dimethyl butyl) ether or dihexyl ether.

Mono-esters of fatty acids and alcohols of formula (XV):

R'1-(C=O)-O-R'2 (XV),
in which R'1-(C=O) represents an acyl radical, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, containing from eight to twenty-four carbon atoms, and R'2 represents, independently of R'1, a hydrocarbon chain saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched containing from one to twenty-four carbon atoms, for example methyl laurate, ethyl laurate, propyl laurate, isopropyl laurate, butyl laurate, 2-butyl laurate, laurate hexyl, methyl cocoate, ethyl cocoate, propyl cocoate, isopropyl cocoate, butyl cocoate, 2-butyl cocoate, hexyl cocoate, methyl myristate, ethyl myristate, propyl myristate , isopropyl myristate, butyl myristate, 2-butyl myristate, hexyl myristate, octyl myristate, methyl palmitate, ethyl palmitate, propyl palmitate, palmitate d isopropyl, butyl palmitate, 2-butyl palmitate, hexyl palmitate, octyl palmitate, m ethyl, ethyl oleate, propyl oleate, isopropyl oleate, butyl oleate, 2-butyl oleate, hexyl oleate, octyl oleate, methyl stearate, ethyl stearate, propyl stearate, isopropyl stearate, butyl stearate, 2-butyl stearate, hexyl stearate, octyl stearate, isostearate of methyl, ethyl isostearate, propyl isostearate, isopropyl isostearate, butyl isostearate, 2-butyl isostearate, hexyl isostearate, isostearyl isostearate;
Die-esters of fatty acids and glycerol of formulas (XVI) and (XVII):
R’3-(C=O)-O-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-O-(C=O)-R’4 (XVI)
R’5-(C=O)-O-CH2-CH[O-(C=O)-R’6]-CH2-OH (XVII),
in which R'3-(C=O) and R'4-(C=O), R'5-(C=O), R'6-(C=O), identical or different, represent an acyl group , saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, containing from eight to twenty-four carbon atoms.

Tri-esters of fatty acids and glycerol of formula (XVIII):

R’7-(C=O)-O-CH2-CH[O-(C=O)-R’’8]-CH2-O-(C=O)-R’’9 (XVIII),
in which R'7-(C=O), R'8-(C=O) and R'9-(C=O), which are identical or different, represent an acyl group, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising eight to twenty-four carbon atoms.
According to another particular aspect of the present invention, said oil (H) is chosen from:

Undecane, tridecane, isododecane or isohexadecane,
Mixtures of alkanes and isoalkanes and cycloalkanes such as the mixture (M1) as defined above and the mixtures marketed under the names
Emogreen™L15, Emogreen™L19, Emosmart™L15, Emosmart™L19, Emosmart™V21, Isopar™M;
White mineral oils marketed under the names Marcol™52, Marcol™82,
Drakeol™6VR, Eolane™130 or Eolane™150;
Hemisqualane, squalane, hydrogenated polyisobutene or hydrogenated polydecene;
Dioctyl ether or didecyl ether;
Isopropyl myristate, hexyl palmitate, octyl palmitate, isostearyl isostearate, octanoyl/decanoyl triglyceride, hexadecanoyl/octadecanoyl triglyceride, triglycerides from rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, linseed oil or palm oil.

According to another aspect, in step c) of the process that is the subject of the present invention, the term "emulsifying surfactant of the water-in-oil type (S1)" denotes an emulsifying surfactant having an HLB value ("Hydrophile Lipophile Balance ” or hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) sufficiently low to induce the formation of a water-in-oil type emulsion, namely an emulsion in which the aqueous phase will be dispersed and stabilized in the oily organic phase.
As emulsifying surfactant of the water-in-oil type, mention may be made, for example, of the esters of anhydro hexitol and of aliphatic, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acids, comprising from 12 to 22 carbon atoms optionally substituted with one or several hydroxyl groups, and more particularly the esters of anhydro hexitol chosen from anhydro-sorbitols and anhydro-mannitols and of aliphatic, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acids, containing from 12 to 22 carbon atoms optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups.
In step c) of the process that is the subject of the present invention, the emulsifying system (S1) of the water-in-oil type is more particularly chosen from the elements of the group consisting of:

sorbitan laurate, for example that marketed under the name Montane™20,
sorbitan palmitate, for example that marketed under the name Montane™40,
sorbitan stearate, for example that marketed under the name Montane™60,
sorbitan oleate, for example that marketed under the name Montane™80,
sorbitan sesquioleate, for example that marketed under the name Montane™83,
sorbitan trioleate, for example that marketed under the name Montane™85,
sorbitan isolataurate,
sorbitan isostearate, for example that marketed under the name Montane™70,
mannitan laurate, mannitan oleate, or a mixture of these esters; polyesters with a molecular weight of between 1000 and 3000 g/mol and resulting from the condensation between a poly(isobutenyl) succinic acid or its anhydride, such as HYPERMER™ 2296, or the mixture marketed under the brand name SIMALINE™IE 501 a.

As emulsifying surfactant of water-in-oil type (S1), mention may be made, for example, of polyglycerol esters, a compound of formula (XIX):
in which Z represents an acyl radical of formula R2-C(=O)-, in which R2 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, containing from 11 to 35 carbon atoms and more particularly a radical chosen from the dodecanoyl, tetradecanoyl, hexadecanoyl, octadecanoyl, eicosanoyl, docosanoyl, oleyl, linoleyl, linolenoyl or isostearyl radicals, Z' represents the acyl radical of formula R2-C(=O)- as defined above, with Z' identical or different from Z, or the hydrogen atom, and y represents an integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 20.
According to a more particular aspect, the compound of formula (XIX) is chosen from the elements of the group consisting of decaglycerol oleate, decaglycerol isostearate, decaglycerol monolaurate, decaglycerol mono-linoleate, mono-myristate of decaglycerol.
As emulsifying surfactant of water-in-oil type (S1), mention may be made, for example, of alkoxylated polyglycerol esters, a compound of formula (XX):
in which Z1 represents an acyl radical of formula R'2-C(=O)-, in which R'2 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, containing from 11 to 35 carbon atoms, and more particularly a radical chosen from the dodecanoyl, tetradecanoyl, hexadecanoyl, octadecanoyl, eicosanoyl, docosanoyl, oleyl, linoleyl, linolenoyl or isostearyl radicals, Z1' represents the acyl radical of formula R'2-C(=O)- as defined above above, with Z1' identical to or different from Z1, or the hydrogen atom, R3 represents the hydrogen atom, the methyl radical, or the ethyl radical, y1 represents an integer greater than or equal to 2 and less or equal to 20, v1, v2, v3, identical or different, represent an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 50, and the sum [(y1. v1) + (y1. v2) + v3)] is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 50.
As emulsifying surfactant of the water-in-oil type (S1), mention may be made, for example, of the polyglycol polyhydroxystearates of formula (XXI):
formula (XXI) in which y2 represents an integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 50, Z4 represents the hydrogen atom, the methyl radical, or the ethyl radical, Z3 represents a radical of formula (XXII) :
formula (XXII) in which y'2 represents an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10, more particularly greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 10 and Z'3 represents a radical of formula (XXII) as defined above, with Z3' identical to or different from Z3, or the hydrogen atom.
As an example of an emulsifying surfactant of the water-in-oil type of formula (XXI) which can be used to prepare the emulsifying system (S1), there is PEG-30 dipolyhydroxystearate marketed under the name SIMALINE™ WO, or else the mixtures comprising PEG-30 dipolyhydroxystearate and sold under the names SIMALINE™IE 201 A and SIMALINE™IE 201 B, or else the mixture comprising Trimethylolpropane-30 tripolyhydroxystearate sold under the name SIMALINE™IE 301 B.
As emulsifying surfactant of the water-in-oil type (S1), mention may be made, for example, of the polyglycerol polyhydroxystearates, represented by the formula (XXIII):
in which Z3 represents a radical of formula (XXIII) as defined above, Z'3 represents a radical of formula (XXII) as defined above, with Z3' identical to or different from Z3, or the atom d hydrogen, y3 represents an integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 20.
As emulsifying surfactant of the water-in-oil type (S1), mention may be made, for example, of alkoxylated polyglycerol polyhydroxystearates, a compound represented by the formula (XXIV):
in which Z4 represents a radical of formula (XXII) as defined above, Z'4 represents a radical of formula (XXII) as defined above, with Z4' identical to or different from Z4, or the atom d 'hydrogen, y4 represents an integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 20, v'1, v'2, v'3, identical or different, represent an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 50, and the sum [(y4. v'1) + (y4. v'2) + v'3)] is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 50.
According to another aspect, in step g) of the process which is the subject of the present invention, the term “emulsifying surfactant of the oil-in-water type (S2)” denotes an emulsifying surfactant having a sufficiently high HLB value to induce the formation of an emulsion of the oil-in-water type, namely an emulsion in which the oily organic phase will be dispersed and stabilized in the aqueous phase.
According to another aspect, in step g) of the process which is the subject of the present invention, as surfactant of the oil-in-water type (S2), mention may be made of the “polyethoxylated fatty alcohols” designated by the compounds of formula (XXV):
R’’-O-(CH2-CH2-O)n’-OH (XXV),
with R'' representing a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical, which may bear hydroxyl groups, and comprising from six to twenty-two carbon atoms, and with n' representing an integer greater than or equal to four and less than or equal to one hundred.
According to a more particular aspect, in formula (XXV), R'' represents a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical, saturated and containing from ten to twenty-two carbon atoms.
According to an even more particular aspect, the compound of formula (XXV) is a linear decyl alcohol ethoxylated with six moles of ethylene oxide, a linear decyl alcohol ethoxylated with eight moles of ethylene oxide, a linear lauryl alcohol ethoxylated with six moles of ethylene oxide, linear lauryl alcohol ethoxylated with seven moles of ethylene oxide, linear lauryl alcohol ethoxylated with eight moles of ethylene oxide, linear tridecyl alcohol ethoxylated with six moles of ethylene oxide, a linear tridecyl alcohol ethoxylated with eight moles of ethylene oxide, a linear tridecyl alcohol ethoxylated with nine moles of ethylene oxide.
According to another aspect, in step g) of the process which is the subject of the present invention, as surfactant of oil-in-water type (S2), mention may be made of polyethoxylated hexitan esters, and particularly polyethoxylated sorbitan esters, whose chain aliphatic hydrocarbon contains from 12 to 22 carbon atoms and whose number of ethylene oxide units is between 5 and 40, for example ethoxylated sorbitan oleate with 20 moles of ethylene oxide marketed under the name commercial Montanox™80, or sorbitan laurate ethoxylated with 20 moles of ethylene oxide marketed under the trade name Montanox™20.
According to another aspect, in step g) of the process which is the subject of the present invention, as surfactant of the oil-in-water type (S2), mention may be made of the compositions of alkyl polyglycosides (C1) represented by the formula (XXVI):
R’’1-O-(G)x-H (XXVI)
in which x, or average degree of polymerization, represents a decimal number between 1.05 and 5, G represents the residue of a reducing sugar, and R''1 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched , optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups, containing from 12 to 36 carbon atoms, the said composition (C1) consisting of a mixture of compounds represented by the formulas (XXVI1), (XXVI2), (XXVI3), (XXVI4) and (XXVI5):
R’’1-O-(G)1-H (XXVI1)
R’’1-O-(G)2-H (XXVI2)
R’’1-O-(G)3-H (XXVI3)
R’’1-O-(G)4-H (XXVI4)
R’’1-O-(G)5-H (XXVI5)
in the respective molar proportions a1, a2, a3, a4 and a5, such that:

The sum a1+ a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 is equal to 1 and that
The sum a1 + 2a2 + 3a3 + 4a4 + 5a5 is equal to x.

By aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, containing from 12 to 36 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups, is meant for the radical R''1 in the formula (XXVI) as defined above above more particularly the n-dodecyl radical, the n-tetradecyl radical, the n-hexadecyl radical, the n-octadecyl radical, the n-eicosyl radical, the n-docosyl radical, the 12-hydroxy octadecyl radical.
By reducing sugar, in the definition of formula (XXVI) as defined above, is meant the saccharide derivatives which do not have in their structures a glycoside bond established between an anomeric carbon and the oxygen of an acetal group such as that they are defined in the reference work: “Biochemistry”, Daniel Voet/Judith G. Voet, p. 250, John Wyley & Sons, 1990. The oligomeric structure (G)x can occur in all forms of isomerism, whether optical isomerism, geometric isomerism or position isomerism; it can also represent a mixture of isomers.
In formula (XXVI) as defined above, the R1-O- group is linked to G via the anomeric carbon of the saccharide residue, so as to form an acetal function.
According to a particular aspect in the definition of formula (XXVI) as defined above, G represents the residue of a reducing sugar chosen from glucose, dextrose, sucrose, fructose, idose, gulose, galactose, maltose, isomaltose, maltotriose, lactose, cellobiose, mannose, ribose, xylose, arabinose, lyxose, allose, altrose, dextran or tallose; and more particularly G represents the residue of a reducing sugar chosen from the residues of glucose, xylose and arabinose.
According to an even more particular aspect, in the definition of formula (XXVI) x, or average degree of polymerization, represents a decimal number greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 2.5, more particularly greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 2.0, and even more particularly greater than or equal to 1.25 and less than or equal to 2.0.
According to another aspect, in step g) of the process which is the subject of the present invention, as surfactant of the oil-in-water type (S2), mention may be made of the compositions (C2) comprising for 100% of their mass:

From 10% to 50% by mass, more particularly from 15% to 40% by mass, and even more particularly from 20% to 30% by mass, of at least one composition (C1) represented by formula (XXVI) as defined previously ,
From 90% to 50% by mass, more particularly from 85% to 60% by mass, and even more particularly from 80% to 70% by mass, of at least one fatty alcohol of formula (XXVII):

R'''1-OH (XXVII),

in which R'''1, identical to or different from R''1, represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups, containing from 12 to 36 carbon atoms, and preferably 12 to 22 carbon atoms.

As emulsifying surfactant of the oil-in-water type (S2), mention may be made, for example, of the polyglycerol esters of formula (XXVIII):
R12-(C=O)-[O-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2]p12-OH (XXVIII),
formula (XVIII) in which p12 represents an integer greater than or equal to one and less than or equal to fifteen; and in which the group R1-(C=O)- represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, aliphatic radical comprising from six to twenty-two carbon atoms.
As emulsifying surfactant of the oil-in-water type (S2), mention may be made, for example, of the compositions (C13) comprising for 100% of their masses:

From 10% by mass to 60% by mass of at least one compound of formula (XXIX):

HO-[CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-O] n12-H (XXIX)

formula (I) in which n12 represents an integer greater than or equal to one and less than or equal to fifteen; and
From 40% by mass to 90% by mass of at least one compound of formula (XXVIII) as defined previously.

According to another particular aspect, said use of the composition (CA), object of the present invention, consists in thickening polar phases such as, for example, aqueous, alcoholic or aqueous-alcoholic phases or polar phases comprising polyols such as glycerol .
According to another particular aspect, said use consists in stabilizing an emulsion of the oil-in-water type, or of the water-in-oil type, by conferring a homogeneous appearance on said emulsion during storage under different conditions, and more particularly at 25 °C for a period at least equal to one month, and more particularly at 4°C for a period at least equal to one month, and more particularly at 45°C for a period at least equal to one month.
According to another particular aspect, said use consists in stabilizing solid particles in topical cosmetic or dermocosmetic compositions. These solid particles to be suspended can take on different geometries, regular or irregular, and take the form of beads, balls, rods, flakes, lamellae or polyhedrons. These solid particles are characterized by an average apparent diameter of between one micrometer and five millimeters, more particularly between ten micrometers and one millimeter.
Among the solid particles which can be suspended and stabilized by the emulsion (CA) of the water-in-oil type as defined above in topical cosmetic and dermocosmetic compositions, there are micas, iron oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, talc, silica, kaolin, clays, boron nitride, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, hydrogen carbonate magnesium, inorganic colored pigments, polyamides such as nylon-6, polyethylenes, polypropylenes, polystyrenes, polyesters, acrylic or methacrylic polymers such as polymethylmethacrylates, polytetrafluoroethylene, crystalline or microcrystalline waxes, porous spheres, selenium sulphide, zinc pyrithione, starches, alginates, vegetable fibers, Loofah particles, sponge particles.
According to another aspect, the cosmetic composition for topical use (F) which is the subject of the present invention comprises, as thickening agent, for 100% of its total mass, between 0.1% by mass and 8% by mass, more particularly between 0.5% and 8% by mass, and even more particularly between 0.5% and 5% by mass of said composition (CA) according to the invention.
The expression "topical" used in the definition of said composition (F) means that it is implemented by application to the skin, the hair, the scalp or the mucous membranes, whether it is a direct application in the case of a cosmetic or dermocosmetic preparation, or indirect application, for example in the case of a body care product in the form of a textile or paper wipe or sanitary products intended to be in contact with skin or mucous membranes.
Said composition (F) is generally in the form of an aqueous or hydro-alcoholic or hydro-glycolic solution, in the form of a suspension, an emulsion, a microemulsion or a nano-emulsion, which they are of the water-in-oil, oil-in-water, water-in-oil-in-water or oil-in-water-in-oil type.
Said composition (F) as defined previously, can be packaged in a bottle, in a device of the pump "bottle" type, in pressurized form in an aerosol device, in a device provided with an openwork wall such as a grid or in a device provided with a ball applicator (known as a "roll-on").
In general, said composition (F) also comprises excipients and/or active principles usually used in the field of formulations for topical use, in particular cosmetic or dermocosmetic, such as thickening and/or gelling surfactants, stabilizers, film-forming compounds, hydrotropic agents, plasticizers, emulsifying and co-emulsifying agents, opacifying agents, pearlescent agents, superfatting agents, sequestering agents, chelating agents, antioxidants, perfumes, preservatives, conditioning agents , bleaching agents intended for the bleaching of hair and skin, active ingredients intended to provide a treatment action vis-à-vis the skin or hair, sunscreens, mineral fillers or pigments, particles providing a visual effect or intended for the encapsulation of active ingredients, exfoliating particles, texture agents.
As examples of foaming surfactants and/or detergents which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined previously, mention may be made of foaming surfactants and/or detergents anionic, cationic, amphoteric or nonionic.
Among the foaming and/or detergent anionic surfactants which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made of the salts of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium, amines or amino alcohols, alkyl ether sulphates, alkyl sulphates, alkyl amido ether sulphates, alkylaryl polyether sulphates, monoglyceride sulphates, alpha-olefin sulphonates, paraffin sulphonates, d alkyl phosphates, alkyl ether phosphates, alkyl sulfonates, alkylamide sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfonates, alkyl carboxylates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates, alkylamide sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfoacetates, alkyl sarcosinates, acyl isethionates, N-acyl taurates, acyl lactylates, N-acyl derivatives of amino acids, N-acyl derivatives of peptides, N-acyl derivatives of proteins, N- fatty acid acyls.
Among the foaming and/or detergent amphoteric surfactants which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined previously, mention may be made of alkylbetaines, alkylamidobetaines, sultaines, alkylamidoalkylsulfobetaines, imidazoline derivatives, phosphobetaines, amphopolyacetates and amphopropionates.
Among the foaming and/or detergent cationic surfactants which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made in particular of the quaternary ammonium derivatives .
Among the foaming and/or detergent nonionic surfactants which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made more particularly of the alkylpolyglycosides comprising a aliphatic radical, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, and comprising from 8 to 16 carbon atoms, such as octyl polyglucoside, decyl polyglucoside, undecyl polyglucoside, dodecyl polyglucoside, tetradecyl polyglucoside, hexadecyl polyglucoside, 1-12 dodecanediyl polyglucoside; ethoxylated hydrogenated castor oil derivatives such as the product marketed under the INCI name "Peg-40 hydrogenated castor oil"; polysorbates such as Polysorbate 20, Polysorbate 40, Polysorbate 60, Polysorbate 70, Polysorbate 80, Polysorbate 85; copra amides; N-alkylamines.
As examples of thickening and/or gelling surfactants which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made of the fatty esters of alkylpolyglycosides optionally alkoxylated, such as ethoxylated methylpolyglucoside esters such as PEG 120 methyl glucose trioleate and PEG 120 methyl glucose dioleate marketed respectively under the names GLUCAMATE™ LT and GLUMATE™ DOE120; alkoxylated fatty esters such as PEG 150 pentaerythrytyl tetrastearate sold under the name CROTHIX™ DS53, PEG 55 propylene glycol oleate sold under the name ANTIL™ 141; polyalkylene glycol carbamates with fatty chains such as PPG-14 laureth isophoryl dicarbamate sold under the name ELFACOS™ T211, PPG-14 palmeth-60 hexyl dicarbamate sold under the name ELFACOS™ GT2125.
As examples of thickening and/or gelling agents which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made of the copolymers of AMPS and alkyl acrylates whose carbon chain comprises between four and thirty carbon atoms and more particularly between ten and thirty carbon atoms, linear, branched or crosslinked terpolymers of at least one monomer having a strong acid function, free , partially salified or totally salified, with at least one neutral monomer, and at least one monomer of formula (XXX):
CH2=C(R’3)-C(=O)-[CH2-CH2-O]n’-R’4 (XXX)
in which R'3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical, R'4 represents a
linear or branched alkyl radical containing from eight to thirty carbon atoms and n' represents a number greater than or equal to one and less than or equal to fifty.
As examples of thickening and/or gelling agents which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined previously, mention may be made of the polysaccharides consisting solely of oses, such as glucans or glucose homopolymers, glucomannoglucans, xyloglycans, galactomannans whose degree of substitution (DS) of the D-galactose units on the main chain of D-mannose is between 0 and 1, and more particularly between 1 and 0.25, such as galactomannans from cassia gum (DS = 1/5), locust bean gum (DS = 1/4), tara gum (DS = 1/3), guar gum (DS = 1/2), fenugreek gum (DS = 1).
As examples of thickening and/or gelling agents which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined previously, mention may be made of polysaccharides consisting of derivatives of oses, such as sulfated galactans and more particularly carrageenans and agar, uronans and more particularly algins, alginates and pectins, heteropolymers of oses and uronic acids and more particularly xanthan gum, gum gellan, gum arabic and gum karaya exudates, glucosaminoglycans.
As examples of thickening and/or gelling agents which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made of cellulose, derivatives of cellulose such as methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, silicates, starch, hydrophilic derivatives of starch, polyurethanes.
As examples of stabilizing agents which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined previously, mention may be made of microcrystalline waxes, and more particularly ozokerite , mineral salts such as sodium chloride or magnesium chloride, silicone polymers such as polysiloxane polyalkyl polyether copolymers.
As examples of solvents that can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined previously, mention can be made of water, organic solvents such as glycerol, diglycerol, glycerol oligomers, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-propanediol, hexylene glycol, diethylene glycol, xylitol, erythritol, sorbitol , water-soluble alcohols such as ethanol, isopropanol or butanol, mixtures of water and said organic solvents.
As examples of thermal or mineral waters that can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention can be made of thermal or mineral waters having a mineralization of at least 300 mg/l, in particular Avène water, Vittel water, water from the Vichy basin, Uriage water, water from La Roche Posay, water from la Bourboule, water from Enghien-les-bains, water from Saint-Gervais-les-bains, water from Néris-les-bains, water from Allevard-les-bains, water from Digne, water from Maizières, water from Neyrac-les-bains, water from Lons le Saunier, water from Rochefort, water from Saint Christau, water from Fumades and water from Tercis -the baths.
As examples of hydrotropic agents which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined previously, mention may be made of xylene sulphonates, cumene sulphonates, hexylpolyglucoside, 2-ethylhexylpolyglucoside, n-heptylpolyglucoside.
As examples of emulsifying surfactants which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants.
As examples of emulsifying nonionic surfactants that can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made of fatty acid esters and sorbitol, such as the products marketed under the names MONTANE™40, MONTANE™60, MONTANE™70, MONTANE™80 and MONTANE™85; compositions comprising glycerol stearate and ethoxylated stearic acid between 5 moles and 150 moles of ethylene oxide, such as the composition comprising ethoxylated stearic acid at 135 moles of ethylene oxide and glycerol stearate marketed under the name SIMULSOL™ 165; mannitan esters; ethoxylated mannitan esters; sucrose esters; methylglucoside esters; alkylpolyglycosides comprising an aliphatic, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated radical, and comprising from 14 to 36 carbon atoms, such as tetradecyl polyglucoside, hexadecyl polyglucoside, octadecyl polyglucoside, hexadecyl polyxyloside, octadecyl polyxyloside, eicosyl polyglucoside, dodecosyl polyglucoside, 2-octyldodecyl polyxyloside, 12-hydroxystearyl polyglucoside; compositions of linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated fatty alcohols, and comprising from 14 to 36 carbon atoms, and alkylpolyglycosides as described previously, for example the compositions marketed under the names MONTANOV™68, MONTANOV™14, MONTANOV ™82, MONTANOV™202, MONTANOV™S, MONTANOV™WO18, MONTANOV™L, FLUIDANOV™20X and EASYNOV™.
As examples of anionic surfactants which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made of glyceryl stearate citrate, cetearyl sulphate, soaps such as sodium stearate or triethanolammonium stearate, N-acylated derivatives of salified amino acids, for example stearoyl glutamate.
As examples of emulsifying cationic surfactants which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined previously, mention may be made of amine oxides, quaternium-82 and surfactants described in patent application WO96/00719 and mainly those whose fatty chain comprises at least 16 carbon atoms.
As examples of opacifying and/or pearlescent agents which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made of sodium palmitate, sodium stearate, sodium hydroxystearate, magnesium palmitate, magnesium stearate, magnesium hydroxystearate, ethylene glycol monostearate, ethylene glycol distearate, polyethylene glycol monostearate, polyethylene distearate glycol, fatty alcohols with 12 to 22 carbon atoms.
As examples of texture agents that can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made of N-acylated derivatives of amino acids , such as lauroyl lysine marketed under the name AMINOHOPE™LL, octenyl starch succinate marketed under the name DRYFLO™, myristyl polyglucoside marketed under the name MONTANOV™ 14, cellulose fibers, cotton fibers, chitosan fibers, talc, sericite, mica
As examples of deodorant agents which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made of alkali metal silicates, zinc salts such as zinc sulfate, zinc gluconate, zinc chloride, zinc lactate; quaternary ammonium salts such as cetyltrimethylammonium salts, cetylpyridinium salts; glycerol derivatives such as glycerol caprate, glycerol caprylate, polyglycerol caprate; 1,2 decanediol; 1,3 propanediol; salicylic acid; sodium bicarbonate; cyclodextrins; metallic zeolites; TRICLOSAN™; aluminum bromohydrate, aluminum hydrochlorides, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulphate, aluminum and zirconium hydrochlorides, aluminum and zirconium trihydrochloride, aluminum and zirconium tetrahydrochloride , aluminum zirconium pentahydrochloride, aluminum zirconium octohydrochloride, aluminum sulphate, sodium aluminum lactate, aluminum hydrochloride and glycol complexes, such as the complex of aluminum hydrochloride and propylene glycol, aluminum dihydrochloride and propylene glycol complex, aluminum sesquihydrochloride and propylene glycol complex, aluminum hydrochloride and polyethylene glycol complex, aluminum dihydrochloride and propylene glycol complex aluminum and polyethylene glycol, the complex of aluminum sesquihydrochloride and polyethylene glycol.
As examples of oils that can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made of mineral oils such as paraffin oil, vaseline oil, isoparaffins or white mineral oils; oils of animal origin, such as squalene or squalane; vegetable oils, such as phytosqualane, sweet almond oil, coconut oil, castor oil, jojoba oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, wheat germ oil, corn germ oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, alfalfa oil, poppyseed oil , pumpkin oil, evening primrose oil, millet oil, barley oil, rye oil, safflower oil, bankoulier oil, passionflower oil , hazelnut oil, palm oil, shea butter, apricot kernel oil, calophyllum oil, sysymbrium oil, avocado oil, calendula, oils from flowers or vegetables, ethoxylated vegetable oils; synthetic oils such as fatty acid esters such as butyl myristate, propyl myristate, isopropyl myristate, cetyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, octyl palmitate, butyl stearate, hexadecyl stearate, isopropyl stearate, octyl stearate, isocetyl stearate, dodecyl oleate, hexyl laurate, propylene glycol dicaprylate, esters derived from lanolic acid, such as isopropyl lanolate, isocetyl lanolate, monoglycerides, diglycerides and triglycerides of fatty acids such as glycerol triheptanoate, alkylbenzoates, hydrogenated oils, poly(alpha-olefin), polyolefins such as poly(isobutane ), synthetic isoalkanes such as isohexadecane, isododecane, perfluorinated oils; silicone oils such as dimethylpolysiloxanes, methylphenyl-polysiloxanes, silicones modified with amines, silicones modified with fatty acids, silicones modified with alcohols, silicones modified with alcohols and fatty acids, silicones modified with polyether groups, modified epoxy silicones, silicones modified with fluorinated groups, cyclic silicones and silicones modified with alkyl groups. By “oils”, in the present application is meant compounds and/or mixtures of compounds that are insoluble in water, appearing in a liquid aspect at a temperature of 25° C.
Examples of waxes that can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above include beeswax, carnauba wax, candelilla wax, ouricoury wax, Japanese wax, cork fiber wax, sugar cane wax, paraffin waxes, lignite waxes, microcrystalline waxes, lanolin wax; ozokerite; polyethylene wax; silicone waxes; vegetable waxes; fatty alcohols and fatty acids which are solid at room temperature; solid glycerides at room temperature. By “waxes”, in the present application is meant compounds and/or mixtures of compounds that are insoluble in water, appearing in a solid appearance at a temperature greater than or equal to 45° C.
As examples of active ingredients that can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made of vitamins and their derivatives, in particular their esters, such such as retinol (vitamin A) and its esters (eg retinyl palmitate), ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and its esters, sugar derivatives of ascorbic acid (such as ascorbyl glucoside), tocopherol ( vitamin E) and its esters (such as tocopherol acetate), vitamins B3 or B10 (niacinamide and its derivatives); compounds showing a lightening or depigmenting action on the skin such as ω-undecelynoyl phenylalanine marketed under the name SEPIWHITE™MSH, SEPICALM™VG, the mono ester and/or the glycerol diester of ω-undecelynoyl phenylalanine, the ω- undecelynoyl dipeptides, arbutin, kojic acid, hydroquinone; compounds showing a soothing action, in particular SEPICALM™ S, allantoin and bisabolol; anti-inflammatory agents; compounds showing a moisturizing action such as urea, hydroxyureas, glycerol, polyglycerols, glycerolglucoside, diglycerolglucoside, polyglycerylglucosides, xylitylglucoside; plant extracts rich in polyphenols such as grape extracts, pine extracts, wine extracts, olive extracts; compounds showing a slimming or lipolytic action such as caffeine or its derivatives, ADIPOSLIM™, ADIPOLESS™, fucoxanthin; N-acylated proteins; N-acylated peptides such as MATRIXIL™; N–acylated amino acids; partial N-acylated protein hydrolysates; amino acids; peptides; total protein hydrolysates; soy extracts, for example Raffermine™; wheat extracts, for example TENSINE™ or GLIADINE™; plant extracts, such as plant extracts rich in tannins, plant extracts rich in isoflavones or plant extracts rich in terpenes; extracts of freshwater or marine algae; marine plant extracts; marine extracts in general such as corals; essential waxes; bacterial extracts; ceramides; phospholipids; compounds showing an antimicrobial action or a purifying action, such as LIPACIDE™ C8G, LIPACIDE™ UG, SEPICONTROL™ A5; OCTOPIROX™ or SENSIVA™ SC50; compounds showing an energizing or stimulating property such as PHYSIOGENYL™, panthenol and its derivatives such as SEPICAP™ MP; anti-aging active ingredients such as SEPILIFT™ DPHP, LIPACIDE™ PVB, SEPIVINOL™, SEPIVITAL™, MANOLIVA™, PHYTO-AGE™, TIMECODE™; SURVICODE™; anti-photoaging active ingredients; active ingredients that protect the integrity of the dermo-epidermal junction; active agents increasing the synthesis of the components of the extracellular matrix such as collagen, elastins, glycosaminoglycans; active agents acting favorably on chemical cellular communication such as cytokines or physical such as integrins; active ingredients creating a "heating" sensation on the skin, such as cutaneous microcirculation activators (such as nicotinic acid derivatives) or products creating a "cooling" sensation on the skin (such as menthol and derivatives) ; active agents improving cutaneous microcirculation, for example venotonics; draining active ingredients; decongestant active agents such as extracts of ginko biloba, ivy, horse chestnut, bamboo, ruscus, small holly, centalla asiatica, fucus, rosemary, willow; tanning or browning agents for the skin, for example dihydroxyacetone (DHA), erythrulose, mesotartaric aldehyde, glutaraldehyde, glyceraldehyde, alloxan, ninhydrin, plant extracts for example wood extracts reds of the Pterocarpus genus and of the Baphia genus, such as Pterocarpus santalinus, Pterocarpus osun, Pterocarpus soyauxii, Pterocarpus erinaceus, Pterocarpus indicus or Baphia nitida, such as those described in European patent application EP 0 971 683; agents known for their action of facilitating and/or accelerating tanning and/or browning of human skin, and/or for their coloring action of human skin, for example caratenoids (and more particularly beta carotene and gamma carotene), the product marketed under the brand name “Carrot oil” (INCI name: Daucus Carota, helianthus annuus Sunflower oil) by the company Provital, which contains carotenoids, vitamin E and vitamin K; tyrosine and/or its derivatives, known for their effect on accelerating the tanning of human skin in association with exposure to ultraviolet radiation, for example the product marketed under the brand name "SunTan Accelerator™" by the company Provital which contains tyrosine and riboflavins (vitamin B), the tyrosine and tyrosinase complex marketed under the brand name "Zymo Tan Complex" by the company Zymo Line, the product marketed under the brand name MelanoBronze™ ( INCI name: Acetyl Tyrosine, Monk's pepper extract (Vitex Agnus-castus)) by the company Mibelle which contains acetyl tyrosine, a product marketed under the brand name Unipertan VEG-24/242/2002 (INCI name: butylene glycol and Acetyl Tyrosine and hydrolyzed vegetable protein and Adenosine triphosphate) by the company UNIPEX, the product marketed under the brand name “Try-Excell™” (INCI name: Oleoyl Tyrosine and Luffa Cylindrica (Seed) Oil and Oleic acid) by the company Sederma which contains extracts of pumpkin seeds (or Loofah oil), the product marketed under the brand name “Actibronze™” (INCI name: hydrolyzed wheat protein and acetyl tyrosine and copper gluconate) by the company Alban Muller, the product marketed under the brand name Tyrostan™ (INCI name: potassium caproyl tyrosine) by the company Synerga, the product marketed under the brand name Tyrosinol (INCI name: Sorbitan Isostearate, glyceryl oleate, caproyl Tyrosine) by the company Synerga, the product marketed under the brand name InstaBronze™ (INCI name: Dihydroxyacetone and acetyl tyrosine and copper gluconate) marketed by the company Alban Muller, the product marketed under the brand name Tyrosilane (INCI name: methylsilanol and acetyl tyrosine) by the company Exymol; peptides known for their effect of activating melanogenesis, for example the product marketed under the brand name Bronzing SF Peptide powder (INCI name: Dextran and Octapeptide-5) by the company Infinitec Activos, the product marketed under the brand name Melitane (INCI name: Glycerin and Aqua and Dextran and Acetyl hexapeptide-1) comprising acetyl hexapeptide-1 known for its alpha-MSH agonist action, the product marketed under the brand name Melatimes Solutions™ (INCI name: Butylene glycol, Palmitoyl Tripeptide-40) by the company LIPOTEC, sugars and sugar derivatives, for example the product marketed under the brand name Tanositol™ (INCI name: inositol) by the company Provital, the product marketed under the name brand Thalitan™ (or Phycosaccharide™ AG) by CODIF international (INCI name: Aqua and Hydrolyzed algin (Laminaria Digitata) and magnesium sulphate and manganese sulphate) containing an oligosaccharide of marine origin ( guluronic acid and mannuronic acid chelated with magnesium and manganese ions), the product marketed under the brand name Melactiva™ (INCI name: Maltodextrin, Mucuna Pruriens Seed extract) by the company Alban Muller, compounds rich in flavonoids, for example the product marketed under the brand name “Biotanning” (INCI name: Hydrolyzed citrus Aurantium dulcis fruit extract) by the company Silab and known to be rich in lemon flavonoids (hesperidin type); agents intended for the treatment of hair and/or body hair, for example protective agents for the melanocytes of the hair follicle, intended to protect the said melanocytes against the cytotoxic agents responsible for the senescence and/or the apoptosis of the said melanocytes, such as mimetics of the activity of DOPAchrome tautomerase chosen from those described in the European patent application published under the number EP1515688 A2, synthetic molecules mimetic of SOD, for example manganese complexes, antioxidant compounds, for example cyclodextrin derivatives , siliceous compounds derived from ascorbic acid, lysine or arginine pyrrolidone carboxylate, combinations of mono- and diester of cinnamic acid and vitamin C, and more generally those cited in the European patent application published under EP number 1 515 688 A2.
As examples of antioxidant agents which can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made of EDTA and its salts, the acid citric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, BHA (butylhydroxyanisole), BHT (butylhydroxytoluene), tocopherol derivatives such as tocopherol acetate, mixtures of antioxidant compounds such as DISSOLVINE™ GL 47S marketed by the company Akzo Nobel under the INCI name: Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate.
As examples of sunscreens that can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention can be made of all those appearing in cosmetic directive 76/768/ EEC modified appendix VII.
Among the organic sunscreens that can be combined with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined above, mention may be made of the family of benzoic acid derivatives such as para-aminobenzoic acids (PABA), including monoglycerol esters of PABA, ethyl esters of N,N25 propoxy PABA, ethyl esters of N,N-diethoxy PABA, ethyl esters of N,N-dimethyl PABA, methyl esters of N,N-dimethyl PABA, N,N-dimethyl PABA butyl esters; the family of anthranilic acid derivatives such as homomenthyl-N-acetyl anthranilate; the family of salicylic acid derivatives such as amyl salicylate, homomenthyl salicylate, ethylhexyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, benzyl salicylate, p-isopropanolphenyl salicylate; the family of cinnamic acid derivatives such as ethylhexyl cinnamate, ethyl-4-isopropyl cinnamate, methyl-2,5-diisopropyl cinnamate, p-methoxypropyl cinnamate, p-methoxyisopropyl cinnamate , p-methoxyisoamyl cinnamate, p-methoxyoctyl cinnamate (p-methoxy 2-ethylhexyl cinnamate), p-methoxy 2-ethoxyethyl cinnamate, p-methoxycyclohexyl cinnamate, ethyl-α-cyano cinnamate -β-phenyl, 2-ethylhexyl-α-cyano-β-phenyl cinnamate, glyceryl diparamethoxy mono-2-ethylhexanoyl cinnamate; the family of benzophenone derivatives such as 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,2',4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonate, 4-phenylbenzophenone, 2-ethylhexyl-4'-phenylbenzophenone-2-5 carboxylate, 2-hydroxy -4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, 4-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzophenone; 3-(4'-methylbenzylidene)-d,l-camphor, 3(benzylidene)-d,lcamphor, benzalkonium methosulfate camphor; urocanic acid, ethyl urocanate; the family of sulfonic acid derivatives such as 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5 sulfonic acid and its salts; the family of triazine derivatives such as hydroxyphenyl triazine, ethylhexyloxyhydroxyphenyl-4-methoxyphenyltriazine, 2,4,6-trianillino-(p-carbo-2'-ethylhexyl-1'-oxy)-1,3, 5-triazine, 4,4-((6-(((1,1-dimethylethyl)amino)carbonyl)phenyl)amino)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyldiimino)bis-(2 -ethylhexyl) benzoic acid ester, 2-phenyl-5-methylbenzoxazole, 2,2'-hydroxy-5-methylphenylbenzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-t-octylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole; dibenzazine; dianisoylmethane, 4-methoxy-4''-tbutylbenzoylmethane; 5-(3,3-dimethyl-2-norbornylidene)-3-pentan-2-one; the family of diphenylacrylate derivatives such as 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl-2-propenoate, ethyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl-2-propenoate; the family of polysiloxanes such as benzylidene siloxane malonate.
Among the inorganic sunscreens, also called "mineral screens", which can be associated with the emulsion of the water-in-oil (CA) type in said composition (F) as defined previously, mention can be made of the oxides of titanium, zinc oxides, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, yellow, red or black iron oxides, chromium oxides. These mineral screens may or may not be micronized, may or may not have undergone surface treatments and may optionally be presented in the form of aqueous or oily pre-dispersions.

EXAMPLES

The following examples illustrate the invention without however limiting it.
Example 1: Preparation of a concentrated water-in-oil emulsion according to the invention, composed of C15-19 alkanes as fatty phase and of sodium PGGA crosslinked with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether in aqueous phase (pH= 5.5 to 6.0)
The synthesis process comprises the following steps:

Step a): Preparation of a sodium PGGA gel:

110 grams of demineralized water are placed under mechanical stirring provided by a Rayneri™ brand stirrer equipped with a deflocculating-type rotor.

30 grams of sodium PGGA marketed under the brand name “cosmetic grade PolyGammaGlutamate” by the company LUBON are slowly added to the vortex.
Step b): Adjustment of the pH of the reaction medium between 5.5 and 6 at a temperature of 20°C using a 5M HCl solution.
Step c): Addition of 0.45 grams of 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether (sold under the name ERISYSTM GE 21 by the company EMERALD) to the aqueous phase prepared in step b)
Step d): Preparation of the organic phase in a 100 gram beaker:

Weigh 5 grams of sorbitan oleate (marketed under the name MONTANE™80 VG by the company SEPPIC)

Weigh 5 grams of Polyglyceryl-2 Dipolyhydroxystearate (marketed under the name DehymulsTM PGPH by the company BASF)

Weigh 20 grams of C15-19 Alkane (marketed under the name EMOGREEN™ L19 by the company SEPPIC)

Weigh 30 grams of C11-12 Isoparaffin (marketed as ISOPAR H by ExxonMobil Chemical Company)

Homogenize the organic phase by mixing using a magnetic stirrer and a magnetic bar.

Step e): Pre-emulsification: Addition of the organic phase prepared in step d) to the aqueous phase prepared in step c) with mechanical stirring provided by a Rayneri™ brand stirrer equipped with a deflocculating-type rotor.
Step f): Shearing emulsification procured by a system of the rotor-stator type by the Silverson™ L4RT brand mixer for 2 minutes at a speed of 7500 revolutions/min.
Step g): Distillation under vacuum in a reactor under partial vacuum of light oil and water.
Stage h): Addition of an oil-in-water type surfactant to the concentrated emulsion obtained in stage h): weighing of 8 grams of concentrated emulsion and addition of 2 grams of Polyglyceryl-6 laurate.

Stirring the mixture and obtaining a composition (E1)
Example 2: Preparation of a concentrated water-in-oil emulsion according to the invention, composed of ethyl hexyl palmitate as fatty phase and sodium PGGA, crosslinked with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether in aqueous phase (pH = 5.5 to 6.0)
The synthesis process comprises the following steps:

Step a): Preparation of a sodium PGGA gel:

120 grams of demineralised water are placed in a beaker with stirring provided by a Rayneri™ brand mechanical stirrer fitted with a deflocculating-type rotor.

20 grams of sodium PGGA, marketed under the brand name “Cosmetic Grade PolyGammaGlutamate”. by the company LUBON, are added slowly in the vortex.
Step b): Addition of 0.50 grams of 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether (sold under the name ERISYSTM GE 21 by the company EMERALD) to the aqueous phase prepared in step a)
Step c): Preparation of the organic phase in a 100 gram beaker:

Weigh 5 grams of sorbitan oleate (marketed under the name MONTANE™80 VG by the company SEPPIC)

Weigh 5 grams of Polyglyceryl-2 Dipolyhydroxystearate (marketed as Dehymuls™ PGPH by BASF)

Weigh 20 grams of ethyl hexyl palmitate (marketed under the name DUB PO by the company stéarinerie dubois)

Weigh 30 grams of C11-12 Isoparaffin (marketed as ISOPAR H by ExxonMobil Chemical Company)

Homogenize the organic phase by mixing using a magnetic stirrer and a bar magnet.n

Step d): Pre-emulsification: Addition of the organic phase prepared in step c) to the aqueous phase prepared in step b) with mechanical stirring provided by a Rayneri™ brand stirrer equipped with a deflocculating-type rotor.
Stage e): Shearing emulsification with a device of the Silverson™ L4RT brand rotor-stator type for 2 minutes at a speed of 7500 revolutions/min.
Stage f): Distillation under vacuum, in a reactor placed under partial vacuum, of light oil and water.
Step g): Addition of surfactant of the oil-in-water type to the concentrated emulsion obtained in step f): weighing of 8 grams of concentrated emulsion obtained in step f) and addition of 2 grams of Polygyceryl- 6 winner.

The mixture is homogenized at room temperature with mechanical stirring at moderate speed to obtain composition (E2).
Example 3 Preparation of a concentrated water-in-oil emulsion according to the invention, composed of an ethyl hexyl palmitate/C15-19 alkanes mixture as fatty phase and sodium PGGA, crosslinked with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether in aqueous phase (pH = 5.5 to 6.0)
The synthesis process comprises the following steps:

Step a): Preparation of a sodium PGGA gel:

100 grams of demineralized water are placed in a beaker with stirring provided by a Rayneri™ brand mechanical stirrer equipped with a deflocculating-type rotor.

30 grams of PGGA, marketed under the brand name “Cosmetic Grade Sodium PolyGamma Glutamate” by the company LUBON are slowly added to the vortex.
Step b): Adjustment of the pH of the reaction medium between 5.5 and 6 at a temperature of 20°C using a 5M HCl solution.
Step c): Addition of 0.75 grams of 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether (sold under the name ERISYSTM GE 21 by the company EMERALD) to the aqueous phase prepared in step b)
Step d): Preparation of the organic phase in a 100 gram beaker:

Weigh 5 grams of sorbitan oleate (marketed under the name MONTANE™80 VG by the company SEPPIC)

Weigh 5 grams of Polyglyceryl-2 Dipolyhydroxystearate (marketed as Dehymuls™ PGPH by BASF)

Weigh 10 grams of ethyl hexyl palmitate (marketed under the name DUB PO by the company stéarinerie dubois)

Weigh 10 grams C15-19 Alkane (marketed under the name EMOGREEN™ L19 by the company SEPPIC)

Weigh 30 grams of C11-12 Isoparaffin (sold as ISOPAR™ H by ExxonMobil Chemical)

The mixture obtained is stirred using a magnetic stirrer and a magnetic bar.

Step e): Pre-emulsification: Addition of the organic phase prepared in step d) to the aqueous phase prepared in step c) with mechanical stirring using a Rayneri™ brand stirrer equipped with a deflocculating type.
Stage f): Emulsification by shearing agitation with a device of the rotor-stator type with a Silverson™ L4RT brand agitator for 2 minutes at 7500 rpm.
Step g): Distillation under vacuum in a reactor under partial vacuum of light oil and water.
Stage h): Addition of an oil-in-water type surfactant to the concentrated emulsion obtained in stage g): weighing of 8 grams of concentrated emulsion obtained in stage g) and of 2 grams of polyglyceryl -6 laureate.

The mixture is homogenized at room temperature with mechanical stirring at moderate speed to obtain composition (E3).
Example 4: Preparation of a concentrated water-in-oil emulsion according to the invention, composed of ethyl hexyl palmitate as the fatty phase and of sodium PGGA crosslinked with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether in the organic phase (pH=5 .5 to 6.0) (fat phase crosslinker)
The synthesis process comprises the following steps:

Step a): Preparation of a sodium PGGA gel):

120 grams of demineralised water are placed in a beaker under mechanical stirring using a Rayneri™ brand stirrer equipped with a deflocculating-type rotor.

20 grams of PGGA marketed under the brand name “Cosmetic Grade Sodium PolyGamma Glutamate” by the company LUBON are slowly added to the vortex.
Stage b): Adjustment of the pH of the reaction medium between 5.5 and 6 at a temperature of 20°C using a 4M NaOH solution.
Step c): Preparation of the organic phase in a 100 gram beaker:

Weigh 5 grams of sorbitan oleate (marketed under the name MONTANE™80 VG by the company SEPPIC)

Weigh 5 grams of Polyglyceryl-2 Dipolyhydroxystearate (marketed under the name Dehymuls™ PGPH by the company BASF)

Weigh 20 grams of ethyl hexyl palmitate (marketed under the name DUB PO by the company stéarinerie dubois)

Weigh 30 grams of C11-12 Isoparaffin (marketed as ISOPAR H by ExxonMobil Chemical Company)

Weigh 0.50 grams of 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether (marketed under the name ERISYS GE 21 by the company EMERALD)

Stir the mixture of previously weighed ingredients under magnetic stirring using a magnetic bar.
Step d): Pre-emulsification: Addition of the organic phase prepared in step c) to the aqueous phase prepared in step b) with mechanical stirring using a Rayneri™ brand mechanical stirrer fitted with a mobile of the deflocculating type.
Step e): Shearing emulsification with a stirrer fitted with a Silverson™ L4RT rotor-stator system for 2 min at a speed of 7500 rpm
Step f): Vacuum distillation in a partial vacuum reactor of light oil and water.
Stage g): Addition of oil-in-water surfactant to the concentrated emulsion obtained in stage f): weighing of 8 grams of concentrated emulsion and 2 grams of Polyglyceryl-6 laurate, which are added to the mixture obtained at step f). .

The mixture is homogenized at room temperature with mechanical stirring at moderate speed to obtain composition (E4).
Example 5: Preparation of a concentrated water-in-oil emulsion according to the invention, composed of ethyl hexyl palmitate as fatty phase and PGGA of Na crosslinked with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether in aqueous phase (pH=4 )
The synthesis process comprises the following steps:

Step a): Preparation of a sodium PGGA gel:

120 grams of demineralized water are placed in a beaker under mechanical stirring using a Rayneri™ brand stirrer equipped with a deflocculating-type rotor.

20 grams of PGGA marketed under the brand name “Cosmetic Grade Sodium PolyGamma Glutamate” by the company LUBON are slowly added to the vortex.
Stage b): Adjustment of the pH of the reaction medium to 4 at a temperature of 20° C. using a 5M HCl solution.
Step c): Addition of 0.50 grams of 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether (sold under the name ERISYSTM GE 21 by the company EMERALD) to the aqueous phase prepared in step b)
Step d): Preparation of the organic phase in a 100 gram beaker:

Weigh 5 grams of sorbitan oleate (marketed under the name MONTANE™80 VG by the company SEPPIC)

Weigh out 5 grams of Polyglyceryl-2 Dipolyhydroxystearate (marketed as Dehymuls PGPH by the company BASF)

Weigh 20 grams of ethyl hexyl palmitate (marketed under the name DUB PO by the company stéarinerie dubois)

Weigh 30 grams of C11-12 Isoparaffin (marketed as ISOPAR H by ExxonMobil Chemical Company)

Introduce each of the ingredients into the beaker and stir the mixture with a mechanical stirrer equipped with a magnetic bar.
Stage e): Pre-emulsification: Addition of the organic phase prepared in stage d) to the aqueous phase prepared in stage c) under mechanical stirring with the RayneriTM brand stirrer fitted with a deflocculating-type rotor.
Step f): Shearing emulsification with Silverson™ L4RT, for 2 minutes at a speed of 7500 revolutions/min.
Step g): Distillation under vacuum in a reactor under partial vacuum of light oil and water.
Stage h): Addition of water-in-oil surfactant in the concentrated emulsion obtained in stage g): weighing of 8 grams of concentrated emulsion obtained in stage eg) and addition of 2 grams of Polyglyceryl-6 laureate.

The mixture is homogenized at room temperature with mechanical stirring at moderate speed to obtain the composition (E5).
Example 6: Preparation of a concentrated water-in-oil emulsion according to the invention, composed of ethyl hexyl palmitate as fatty phase and of sodium PGGA crosslinked with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether in aqueous phase (pH=10)
The synthesis process comprises the following steps:

Step a): Preparation of a sodium PGGA gel:

120 grams of demineralized water are placed under mechanical stirring using a Rayneri™ brand stirrer fitted with a deflocculating-type rotor.

20 grams of PGGA marketed under the brand name “Cosmetic Grade Sodium PolyGamma Glutamate” by the company LUBON are slowly added to the vortex.
Stage b): Adjustment of the pH of the reaction medium to 10 at a temperature of 20° C. using a 4M NaOH solution.
Step c): Addition of 0.50 grams of 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether (sold under the name ERISYSTM GE 21 by the company EMERALD) to the aqueous phase prepared in step b)
Step d): Preparation of the organic phase in a 100 gram beaker:

Weigh 5 grams of sorbitan oleate (marketed under the name MONTANE™80 VG by the company SEPPIC)

Weigh 5 grams of Polyglyceryl-2 Dipolyhydroxystearate (marketed under the name DehymulsTM PGPH by the company BASF)

Weigh 20 grams of ethyl hexyl palmitate (marketed under the name DUB PO by the company stéarinerie dubois)

Weigh 30 grams of C11-12 Isoparaffin (marketed as ISOPAR H by ExxonMobil Chemical Company)

Mix the different ingredients and stir the mixture using a magnetic stirrer equipped with a magnetic bar.
Stage e): Pre-emulsification: Addition of the organic phase prepared in stage d) to the aqueous phase prepared in stage c) under mechanical stirring with a Rayneri™ brand stirrer fitted with a deflocculating-type rotor.
Step f): Shearing emulsification with a Silverson™ L4RT brand stirrer for 2 minutes at a speed of 7500 revolutions/min.
Stage g): Distillation under vacuum (either with a rotavapor + flask, or in a vacuum reactor) of light oil and water.
Stage h): Addition of oil-in-water surfactant to the concentrated emulsion obtained in stage g): weighing of 8 grams of concentrated emulsion obtained in stage g) and of 2 grams of Ppolyglyceryl-6 laurate.

The mixture is homogenized at room temperature with mechanical stirring at moderate speed to obtain the composition (E6).
Example 7: Preparation of a concentrated water-in-oil emulsion according to the invention, composed of ethyl hexyl palmitate as fatty phase and sodium PGGA cross-linked with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether and lipophilized with C12-14 glycidyl ether in aqueous phase (pH = 6.5)
The synthesis process comprises the following steps:

Step a): Preparation of a sodium PGGA gel:

120 grams of demineralised water are placed in a beaker under mechanical stirring with a Rayneri™ brand stirrer equipped with a deflocculating-type rotor.

20 grams of PGGA marketed under the brand name “Cosmetic Grade Sodium PolyGamma Glutamate” by the company LUBON are slowly added to the vortex.
Stage b): Adjustment of the pH of the reaction medium between 5.5 and 6 at a temperature of 20°C using a 4M NaOH solution.
Step c) Addition of 0.5 grams of 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether (sold under the name ERISYS™ GE 21 by the company EMERALD) to the aqueous phase prepared in step b)
Step d): Addition of 2.0 grams of C12-C14 glycidyl ether (sold under the name ERISYS™ GE 08 from EMERALD) to the aqueous phase prepared in step c)
Step e): Preparation of the organic phase in a 100 gram beaker:

Weigh 5 grams of sorbitan oleate (marketed under the name MONTANE™80 VG by the company SEPPIC)

Weigh 5 grams of Polyglyceryl-2 Dipolyhydroxystearate (marketed as Dehymuls™ PGPH by BASF)

Weigh 20 grams of ethyl hexyl palmitate (marketed under the name DUB PO by the company stéarinerie dubois)

Weigh 30 grams of C11-12 Isoparaffin (sold as ISOPAR™ H by ExxonMobil Chemical)

Stir the mixture of ingredients with a magnetic stirrer equipped with a magnetic bar.
Step f): Pre-emulsification: Addition of the organic phase prepared in step e) to the aqueous phase prepared in step d) under mechanical stirring with a Rayneri™ brand stirrer equipped with a deflocculating-type rotor.
Step g): Shearing emulsification with a Silverson™ L4RT brand stirrer for 2 minutes at a speed of 7500 revolutions/min.
Step h): Vacuum distillation in a reactor under partial vacuum of light oil and water.
Stage i): Addition of oil-in-water surfactants to the concentrated emulsion obtained in stage g): weighing of 8 grams of concentrated emulsion obtained in stage h) and of 2 grams of Polyglyceryl-6 laurate.

The mixture is homogenized at room temperature with mechanical stirring at moderate speed to obtain the composition (E7).
Example 8: Preparation of a concentrated water-in-oil emulsion according to the invention, composed of ethyl hexyl palmitate as fatty phase and of sodium PGGA crosslinked with trimethylol ethane triglycidyl ether in aqueous phase (pH=6.0)
The synthesis process comprises the following steps:

Step a): Preparation of a sodium PGGA gel:

120 grams of demineralized water are placed under mechanical stirring with a Rayneri™ brand stirrer fitted with a deflocculating-type rotor.

20 grams of PGGA marketed under the brand name “Cosmetic Grade Sodium PolyGamma Glutamate” by the company LUBON are slowly added to the vortex.
Stage b): Adjustment of the pH of the reaction medium between 5.5 and 6.0 at a temperature of 20°C using a 4M NaOH solution.
Step c): Addition of 0.5 grams of Trimethylol ethane triglycidyl ether (sold under the name ERISYSTM GE 31 by the company EMERALD) to the aqueous phase prepared in step b)
Step d): Preparation of the organic phase in a 100 gram beaker:

Weigh 5 grams of sorbitan oleate (marketed under the name MONTANE™80 VG by the company SEPPIC)

Weigh 5 grams of Polyglyceryl-2 Dipolyhydroxystearate (marketed as Dehymuls™ PGPH by BASF)

Weigh 20 grams of ethyl hexyl palmitate (marketed under the name DUB PO by the company stéarinerie dubois)

Weigh 30 grams of C11-12 Isoparaffin (sold as ISOPAR™ H by ExxonMobil Chemical)

Stir the mixture of all the ingredients with a magnetic stirrer equipped with a magnetic bar.
Step e): Pre-emulsification: Addition of the organic phase prepared in step d) to the aqueous phase prepared in step c) under mechanical stirring with a Rayneri™ brand stirrer equipped with a deflocculating-type rotor.
Step f): Shearing emulsification with a Silverson™ L4RT brand stirrer for 2 minutes at a speed of 7500 revolutions/min.
Step g): Distillation under vacuum in a reactor under partial vacuum of light oil and water.
Stage h): Addition of oil-in-water surfactants to the concentrated emulsion obtained in stage g): weighing of 8 grams of concentrated emulsion obtained in stage f) and of 2 grams of Polyglyceryl-6 laurate.

The mixture is homogenized at room temperature with mechanical stirring at moderate speed to obtain the composition (E8).
Example 9 Preparation of a Concentrated Reverse Latex of Crosslinked PGA(Na) According to the Invention in Octyl Palmitate
The synthesis process comprises the following steps:

Step a): Production of a sodium PGGA gel with a Rayneri™ brand mechanical stirrer equipped with a deflocculator type mobile:

110 grams of demineralized water are placed under stirring in a beaker and stirred with a Rayneri™ brand mechanical stirrer equipped with a deflocculator-type rotor.

30 grams of PGGA marketed under the brand name “cosmetic grade sodium PolyGamma Glutamate” by the company LUBON are slowly added to the vortex.
Stage b): Adjustment of the pH of the reaction medium to 5.5 - 6 at a temperature of 20°C using a 5M HCl solution.
Step c): Addition of 0.72 grams of 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether (sold under the name ERISYSTM GE 21 by the company EMERALD) to the aqueous phase prepared in step b)
Step d): Preparation of the organic phase in a 100 gram beaker:

Weigh 5 grams of sorbitan isostearate (marketed under the name MONTANE™70 by the company SEPPIC)

Weigh 3 grams of a mixture consisting of tall-oil diethanolamide marketed under the brand name SIMALINE™ IE 200 by the company SEPPIC.

Weigh 2 grams of a polymeric surfactant marketed under the brand name Hypermer™ 6212 by the company Croda

Weigh 50 grams of C11-12 Isoparaffin (sold as ISOPAR™ H by ExxonMobil Chemical)

Stir the mixture of all the ingredients using a magnetic stirrer equipped with a magnetic bar.
Step e): Pre-emulsification: Addition of the organic phase prepared in step d) to the aqueous phase prepared in step c) with mechanical stirring using a Rayneri™ brand stirrer equipped with a deflocculating-type rotor.
Step f): Shearing emulsification with a Silverson™ L4RT brand mechanical stirrer for 2 minutes at a speed of 7500 revolutions/min.
Step g): Distillation under vacuum in a reactor under partial vacuum of light oil and water.
Stage h): Addition of oil-in-water surfactant to the concentrated emulsion obtained in stage g): weighing of 8 grams of concentrated emulsion and 1 gram of polysorbate 80 (marketed under the name MONTANOX™ 80 by the SEPPIC company.

The mixture is homogenized at room temperature with mechanical stirring at moderate speed to obtain composition (E9).
Example 10: Preparation of a concentrated water-in-oil emulsion according to the invention, composed of ethyl hexyl palmitate as fatty phase and of sodium PGGA crosslinked with ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDGE) in aqueous phase (pH = 6.0)
The synthesis process comprises the following steps:

Step a): Preparation of a sodium PGGA gel:

130 grams of demineralized water are placed under mechanical stirring with a Rayneri brand stirrer equipped with a deflocculating-type rotor.

10 grams of PGGA marketed under the brand name “Cosmetic Grade Sodium PolyGamma Glutamate” by the company LUBON are slowly added to the vortex.
Stage b): Adjustment of the pH of the reaction medium between 5.5 and 6 at a temperature of 20°C using a 4M NaOH solution.
Step c) Addition of 0.25 grams of Ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (sold under the name ERISYS™ EGDGE by the company EMERALD) to the aqueous phase prepared in step b)
Step d): Preparation of the organic phase in a 100 gram beaker:

Weigh 5 grams of sorbitan oleate (marketed under the name MONTANE™80 VG by the company SEPPIC)

Weigh 5 grams of Polyglyceryl-2 Dipolyhydroxystearate (marketed as Dehymul™s PGPH by the company BASF)

Weigh 20 grams of ethyl hexyl palmitate (marketed under the name DUB PO by the company stéarinerie dubois)

Weigh 30 grams of C11-12 Isoparaffin (sold as ISOPAR™ H by ExxonMobil Chemical)

Stir the mixture made up of all the ingredients weighed above with a magnetic stirrer fitted with a magnetic bar.
Stage e): Pre-emulsification: Addition of the organic phase prepared in stage d) to the aqueous phase prepared in stage c) under mechanical stirring with a Rayneri™ brand stirrer fitted with a deflocculating-type rotor.
Step f): Shearing emulsification with a Silverson™ L4RT brand stirrer for 2 minutes at a speed of 7500 revolutions/min.
Step g): Distillation under vacuum in a reactor under partial vacuum of light oil and water.
Stage h): Addition of oil-in-water surfactants to the concentrated emulsion obtained in stage f): weighing of 8 grams of concentrated emulsion obtained in stage g) and of 2 grams of Polyglyceryl-6 laurate.

The mixture is homogenized at room temperature with mechanical stirring at moderate speed to obtain the composition (E10).
Example 11: Preparation of a concentrated water-in-oil emulsion according to the invention, composed of ethyl hexyl palmitate as the fatty phase and of sodium PGGA cross-linked with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether in the aqueous phase (pH= 6.0)
The synthesis process comprises the following steps:

Step a): Preparation of a sodium PGGA gel:

100 grams of demineralized water are placed under mechanical stirring by a Rayneri™ brand stirrer equipped with a deflocculating-type rotor.

40 grams of PGGA marketed under the brand name “cosmetic grade sodium PolyGamma Glutamate” by the company LUBON are slowly added to the vortex.
Stage b): Adjustment of the pH of the reaction medium between 5.5 and 6 at a temperature of 20°C using a 4M NaOH solution.
Step c) Addition of 0.80 grams of 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether (sold under the name ERISYS™ GE 21 by the company EMERALD) to the aqueous phase prepared in step b)
Step d): Preparation of the organic phase in a 100 gram beaker:

Weigh 5 grams of sorbitan oleate (marketed under the name MONTANE™80 VG by the company SEPPIC)

Weigh 5 grams of Polyglyceryl-2 Dipolyhydroxystearate (marketed as Dehymuls™ PGPH by BASF)

Weigh 20 grams of ethyl hexyl palmitate (marketed under the name DUB PO by the company stéarinerie dubois)

Weigh 30 grams of C11-12 Isoparaffin (sold as ISOPAR™ H by ExxonMobil Chemical)

Stir the mixture consisting of all the weighed constituents with a magnetic stirrer fitted with a magnetic bar.
Stage e): Pre-emulsification: Addition of the organic phase prepared in stage d) to the aqueous phase prepared in stage c) under mechanical stirring with a Rayneri brand stirrer equipped with a deflocculating-type rotor.
Step f): Shearing emulsification with a Silverson L4RT brand stirrer for 2 minutes at a speed of 7500 revolutions/min.
Step g): Distillation under vacuum in a reactor under partial vacuum of light oil and water.
Stage h): Addition of oil-in-water surfactants to the concentrated emulsion obtained in stage g): weighing of 8 grams of concentrated emulsion obtained in stage g) and of 2 grams of Polyglyceryl-6 laurate. Hustle

The mixture is homogenized at room temperature with mechanical stirring at moderate speed to obtain composition (E11).
Evaluation of the compositions (E1) to (E11) according to the invention. The evaluation of the compositions (E1) to (E11) according to the invention is carried out as described below:

Weigh 192 grams of water in a 400 ml tall beaker
Add, under mechanical stirring, with a Rayneri brand stirrer fitted with a deflocculating-type rotor, 8 grams of compositions (E1) to (E11)
Leave to stir until a homogeneous gel is obtained.
Measure the dynamic viscosity of homogeneous gels using a Brookfield RVT brand viscometer, at a speed of 5 revolutions/min, choosing the appropriate spindle.
Add 0.1% by mass of sodium chloride to the gel previously made, and stir with a Rayneri brand mechanical stirrer fitted with a deflocculator-type rotor.
Then measure the dynamic viscosity of such a new gel using a Brookfield RVT brand viscometer at a speed of 5 revolutions/min by choosing the appropriate spindle.

The results are recorded in Table 1 below.

CompositionComposition	Viscosité gel 4% massique de composition BrookfieldTM RVT Vitesse 5 Mobile (x)Gel viscosity 4% by weight of composition BrookfieldTM RVT Speed 5 Mobile (x)	Viscosité gel 4% massique de composition + 0,1% massique NaCl BrookfieldTM RVT Vitesse 5 Mobile (x)Gel viscosity 4% by weight of composition + 0.1% by weight NaCl BrookfieldTM RVT Speed 5 Mobile (x)	Equivalent % massique en matière active polymériqueEquivalent % by mass of polymeric active ingredient	Viscosité gel obtenus à l’étape a) du procédé de préparation BrookfieldTM RVT Vitesse 5 Mobile (x)Gel viscosity obtained in step a) of the preparation process BrookfieldTM RVT Speed 5 Mobile (x)
Essai Témoin “PGGA de sodium de grade cosmétique” commercialisé par la société LUBONControl Test “Cosmetic grade sodium PGGA” marketed by the company LUBON	gel 2% = 176 mPa.s (Mobile 2)frost 2% = 176 mPa.s (Mobile 2)	gel 2% + 0.1% NaCl = 128 mPa.s (Mobile 2)gel 2% + 0.1% NaCl = 128 mPa.s (Mobile 2)	2%2%	gel 2% = 128 mPa.s (Mobile 2)frost 2% = 128 mPa.s (Mobile 2)
Composition(E1) Membership(E1)	76 200 mPa.s (Mobile 6)76,200 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	73 000 mPa.s (Mobile 6)73,000 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	2%2%	18 120 mPa.s (Mobile 3)18,120 mPa.s (Mobile 3)
Composition(E2) Membership(E2)	124200 mPa.s (Mobile 6)124200 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	89400 mPa.s (Mobile 6)89400 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	1,6%1.6%	5 040 mPa.s (Mobile 3)5040 mPa.s (Mobile 3)
Composition(E3) Membership(E3)	91600 mPa.s (Mobile 6)91600 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	816 mPa.s (Mobile 3)816 mPa.s (Mobile 3)	2%2%	18120 mPa.s (Mobile 3)18120 mPa.s (Mobile 3)
Composition(E4) Membership(E4)	117200 mPa.s (Mobile 6)117200 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	58600 mPa.s (Mobile 6)58600 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	1,6%1.6%	5040 mPa.s (Mobile 3)5040 mPa.s (Mobile 3)
Composition(E5) Membership(E5)	9820 mPa.s (Mobile 3)9820 mPa.s (Mobile 3)	8860 mPa.s (Mobile 6)8860 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	1,6%1.6%	5040 mPa.s (Mobile 3)5040 mPa.s (Mobile 3)
Composition(E6)Composition(E6)	131800 mPa.s (Mobile 6)131800 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	102800 mPa.s (Mobile 6)102800 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	1,6%1.6%	5040 mPa.s (Mobile 3)5040 mPa.s (Mobile 3)
Composition(E7)Composition(E7)	167600 mPa.s (Mobile 6)167600 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	118400 mPa.s (Mobile 6)118400 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	1,6%1.6%	5040 mPa.s (Mobile 3)5040 mPa.s (Mobile 3)
Composition(E8)Membership(E8)	9540 mPa.s (Mobile 3)9540 mPa.s (Mobile 3)	8860 mPa.s (Mobile 3)8860 mPa.s (Mobile 3)	1,6%1.6%	5040 mPa.s (Mobile 3)5040 mPa.s (Mobile 3)
Composition(E9)Membership(E9)	91800 mPa.s (Mobile 6)91800 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	34600 mPa.s (Mobile 6)34600 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	1,33%1.33%	18120 mPa.s (Mobile 3)18120 mPa.s (Mobile 3)
Composition(E10)Composition(E10)	78000 mPa.s (Mobile 6)78000 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	600 mPa.s (Mobile 2)600 mPa.s (Mobile 2)	1%1%	900 mPa.s (Mobile 3)900 mPa.s (Mobile 3)
Composition(E11)Composition(E11)	74800 mPa.s (Mobile 6)74800 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	48400 mPa.s (Mobile 6)48400 mPa.s (Mobile 6)	2,28%2.28%	50000 mPa.s (Mobile 6)50000 mPa.s (Mobile 6)

dynamic viscosities of aqueous gels obtained with compositions (E1) to (E11)
* viscosity values of gels at pH 6
The compositions (E1) to (E11) according to the invention make it possible to obtain thickened aqueous gels compared to the aqueous gel obtained from a non-crosslinked sodium gamma-polyglutamate (“control test”).
Thus, at a polymeric mass percentage equal to 2%, the aqueous gels obtained with the compositions (E1) and (E3) respectively show a viscosity of 76,000 mPa.s and 91,600 mPa.s, whereas the aqueous gel obtained with the Non-crosslinked sodium gamma-polyglutamate (“control test”) is characterized by a viscosity of 176 mPa.s.
Similarly, at a polymer mass percentage of less than 2%, the aqueous gels obtained with the compositions (E2), (E4), (E8), (E9) and (E10) respectively show a viscosity of 124,000 mPa.s, 117 200 mPa.s, 9,540 mPa.s, 91,800 mPa.s and 78,000 mPa.s, whereas the aqueous gel obtained with 2% by weight non-crosslinked sodium gamma-polyglutamate (“control test”) is characterized by a viscosity of 176 mPa.s.

Claims

Composition (CA) in the form of an emulsion of the self-inverting water-in-oil type comprising, for 100% of its mass, a mass content greater than or equal to 20% of a polymer (P) consisting of units monomers derived from glutamic acid (GA), partially or totally salified, and from units derived from at least one crosslinking agent (RA) carrying at least two glycidyl functions.
Composition (CA) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mass content of the polymer (P) is greater than or equal to 20% and less than or equal to 60%.
Composition (CA) according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the crosslinking agent (AR) is chosen from the members of the group consisting of:

Ethylene Glycol DiGlycidyl ether of formula (I)

the compound of formula (II)

With R representing the hydrogen atom or the glycidyl radical [ ], and n which represents an integer greater than or equal to one and less than or equal to 10;

The 1,3 propanediol DiGlycidyl ether of formula (III)

The 1,2 propanediol DiGlycidyl ether of formula (IV)

The 1,4 butanediol DiGlycidyl ether of formula (V)

1,2 butanediol Di Glycidyl ether of formula (VI)

The 1,3 butanediol DiGlycidyl ether of formula (VII)

The 1,6 hexanediol DiGlycidyl ether of formula (VIII)

The compound of formula (IX)

With R1 representing the hydrogen atom or the glycidyl radical [ ];

The compound of formula (X)

With R1 representing the hydrogen atom or the glycidyl radical [ ];

The compound of formula (XI)

With R1 and R2, independent, which represent the hydrogen atom or the glycidyl radical [ ]
- The compound of formula (XII)

With m representing an integer greater than or equal to 2

The compound of formula (XIII)

With R3 representing the hydrogen atom or the glycidyl radical [ ], and x, y, z, o, p and q, independent of each other, represent an integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 10.
Composition (CA) according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the polymer (P) is gamma-polyglutamic acid (PGGA) in acid form, or partially or totally salified.
Composition (CA) according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the polymer (P), for 100% molar of monomeric units derived from glutamic acid (GA), partially or totally salified, the crosslinking agent (RA) represents from 0.5% to 20% molar.
Composition (CA) according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it has a viscosity of between 100 mPa.s and 10,000 mPa.s.
Composition (CA) according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it also comprises a monomeric unit derived from the compound of formula (X'):

With R4 representing a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, functionalized or unfunctionalized hydrocarbon radical and comprising from 6 to 22 carbon atoms.
Process for preparing a composition (CA) as defined in one of Claims 1 to 7, comprising:

A step of preparing an aqueous solution comprising partially or totally salified polyglutamic acid (PGA), with said aqueous solution comprising for 100% of its mass between 5 and 70% by mass of partially or totally salified PGA and a crosslinking agent (AR) comprising at least two glycidyl functions,

A step of adjusting the pH of the aqueous solution obtained in step a) to a pH of between 3 and 11;

A step of preparing an organic phase containing at least one volatile oil, at least one other non-volatile oil (H) and at least one emulsifying surfactant of the water-in-oil type (S1);

A pre-emulsification step by adding, with stirring, the organic phase obtained in step c) to the aqueous solution obtained in step b);

A step of emulsifying the pre-emulsion obtained in step d) by homogenization with stirring;

A step for distilling the water and the volatile oil contained in the emulsion obtained in step e);

A step of adding at least one oil-in-water type emulsifying surfactant (S2) so as to obtain the composition (CA).
Process according to Claim 8, characterized in that in step a) all of the monomeric units constituting the gamma-polyglutamic acid are derived from sodium glutamate, potassium glutamate, ammonium glutamate, glutamate calcium, magnesium glutamate or a mixture of these forms.
Process according to one of Claims 8 or 9, characterized in that in step a) the crosslinking agent (RA) is present in mass proportions of between 0.5% and 10% by mass relative to the mass polyglutamic acid (PGA).
Process according to one of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that in step c) the at least water-in-oil type emulsifying agent (S1) is chosen from the elements of the group consisting of esters of sorbitan, polyglycerol esters, alkoxylated polyglycerol esters, polyglycol polyhydroxystearates, polyglycerol polyhydroxystearates, alkoxylated polyglycerol polyhydroxystearates.
Process according to one of Claims 8 to 11, characterized in that in step c) the organic solution comprises, for 100% of its own mass, between 10 and 30% by mass of at least one emulsifying agent of the water- in-oil (S1), preferably between 15 and 20% by weight.
Process according to one of Claims 8 to 12, characterized in that in stage c) the emulsifying agent of the water-in-oil type (S1) is a polyglycerol polyhydroxystearate.
Process according to one of Claims 8 to 13, characterized in that in step g) the at least emulsifying surfactant of the oil-in-water type (S2) is chosen from the elements of the group consisting of an alcohol polyethoxylated fatty, a polyethoxylated hexitan ester, an alkylpolyglycoside, a composition of alkylpolyglycoside and fatty alcohols, a polyglycerol ester, a composition of polyglycerol and polyglycerol ester.
Process according to one of Claims 8 to 14, characterized in that stage d) is carried out in such a way that the mass ratio between the aqueous solution and the organic phase is between 90/10 and 10/90, preferably between 20/80 and 40/60.
Process according to one of Claims 8 to 15, characterized in that in stage a) the aqueous phase also comprises at least one compound of formula (X'):

With R4 representing a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, functionalized or unfunctionalized hydrocarbon radical and comprising from 6 to 22 carbon atoms.
Process according to one of Claims 8 to 16, characterized in that in stage e) the homogenization is carried out with mechanical shearing agitation.
Use of the said Composition (CA) as defined in one of Claims 1 to 7, as a thickening and/or emulsifying and/or stabilizing agent for a composition for topical cosmetic use.
Cosmetic composition for topical use (F) characterized in that it comprises, as thickening agent, for 100% of its total mass, between 0.1% by mass and 10% by mass of the said composition (CA) as defined in one of claims 1 to 7.