EP4264021B1 - Valve stem seal comprising a valve rotating device - Google Patents
Valve stem seal comprising a valve rotating device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4264021B1 EP4264021B1 EP21815156.1A EP21815156A EP4264021B1 EP 4264021 B1 EP4264021 B1 EP 4264021B1 EP 21815156 A EP21815156 A EP 21815156A EP 4264021 B1 EP4264021 B1 EP 4264021B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- seal
- valve stem
- spring
- rotating device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/32—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for rotating lift valves, e.g. to diminish wear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/08—Valves guides; Sealing of valve stem, e.g. sealing by lubricant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/10—Connecting springs to valve members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a valve stem seal intended to seal a valve stem in an internal combustion engine against a cylinder head, wherein the valve stem seal is further combined with a valve rotating device which rotates the valve by a small angle about its longitudinal axis upon each actuation.
- Valve stem seals are used to prevent oil from entering the intake duct or exhaust duct of the engine through the gap between the valve stem and the valve guide and being burned there, which on the one hand wastes oil and on the other hand worsens exhaust emission limits. Valve stem seals are also intended to prevent combustion gases from entering the cylinder head via the exhaust duct and the gap between the valve stem and the valve guide, where they can contaminate the oil or increase the pressure in the oil circuit.
- Valve stem seals as such are already known from various applications. Valve stem seals serve to protect the intake port or the exhaust port in the cylinder head against oil entering the intake or exhaust tract and to protect the oil circuit against contamination from the intake or exhaust tract. Caps are usually provided here that are attached to the valve guides and press a seal against a valve stem. The most important task is to prevent oil in the cylinder head from entering the engine or combustion chamber when the engine is standing upright.
- Valve turning devices are also known that are based on a combination of balls, springs and inclined planes, and are preferably arranged at the upper end of a valve.
- Valve turning devices with a spring concept are also known. These are usually combinations of a disc spring with several rolling elements that run on inclined planes and, when the valve is opened, rotate a little around the shaft axis of the valve stem, so that the valve disc rotates by a few degrees relative to the valve seat each time it is opened, which creates a one-sided wear on the valve seat and the valve plate is prevented.
- the conventional valve turning device is usually attached at the top in the area of the valve spring plate.
- Other types of valve turning devices are known in the form of Rotocoil TM or Rotocap TM valve turning devices. In CA 2 298 222 A1 , JP 2020 169586 A , US 2017/058724 A1 , US 4 470 383 A or DE 31 28 086 A1 Further examples of valve rotating devices are disclosed.
- the present invention is based on the object of improving a component which was previously only intended for a single task in such a way that several subtasks can be solved simultaneously with this component.
- the present invention makes it possible to combine previously separate components into one unit, thus reducing the storage, handling and assembly costs for combustion engines.
- the manufacturing costs will be lower than the combined manufacturing costs of the individual parts. This allows for increased integration of the components, which also enables material and resource savings.
- a valve turning device with a valve stem seal comprises a cylinder head support which is intended to rest on or against a cylinder head.
- the valve turning device also comprises a spring support which
- the valve rotating device is designed to rotate the spring support relative to the cylinder head support during operation, in particular when the valve is actuated, in particular when the valve is opened. By rotating the at least one valve spring on a base, this rotation is transmitted to a valve stem end via a spring plate which rests on the top of the spring. When the valve is opened, the valve is rotated about the valve stem because the valve plate lifts off the valve seat of the cylinder head and is no longer blocked by friction in the direction of rotation.
- the valve rotating device is characterized in that a valve stem seal is attached to the cylinder head support of the valve rotating device, which is designed to rest against a valve stem and seal it during rotational and axial movements of the valve or valve stem.
- the valve turning device is only provided with a seal on the valve stem, but not with a seal against a valve guide or the cylinder head.
- the sealing effect is simply achieved by a certain viscosity of the engine oil between the cylinder head support and the cylinder head in combination with the spring force of the valve spring, which presses the cylinder head support onto the cylinder head.
- a static sealing effect can also be achieved without a separate seal, provided the gap dimensions and the surface quality as well as the contact pressure from the valve spring are sufficient.
- valve rotation device further comprises a seal that is designed to seal the cylinder head support in the axial direction against a surface of the cylinder head; this seal can also be referred to as a cylinder head support seal.
- An axial seal can be provided here that seals an underside of the cylinder head support against the cylinder head.
- the entire underside of the cylinder head support can be provided with a thin elastomer layer or an elastomer varnish.
- a relatively low contact pressure can be used to achieve a sufficient sealing effect without having to implement a particularly complicated sealing geometry or a particularly sophisticated sealing lip. It is also possible to introduce or insert a seal that acts in the axial direction in a corresponding recess or groove in an underside of the cylinder head support, with which a higher surface pressure and a compression limit of the seal can be easily achieved.
- a special form of this seal can be designed as an axially acting seal that acts in the axial direction against a front side of a valve stem guide.
- This design has the advantage that the valve stem seal and the seal that acts on the front side of the valve stem guide or the valve stem guide front side seal can be designed as one piece. Furthermore, this design makes it possible to create a very small sealing space, whereby the space between the valve stem seal and the valve stem guide front side seal can be kept very small, so that a counter pressure builds up very quickly in this space, so that a fluid flows upwards from an exhaust duct or an intake duct between the valve stem and the valve stem guide.
- This is a simple and compact version of the present invention that seals the gap both to the valve stem and to the cylinder head.
- the force of the valve spring helps to achieve a sufficient sealing effect, while a desired defined compression of the seal can be achieved over a distance to a contact surface.
- valve rotating device with Valve stem seal also includes a seal that is designed to seal the cylinder head support against a jacket surface of a valve stem guide.
- the seal can also be referred to as a valve stem guide jacket surface seal.
- the seal is designed here as a radial seal, which can also be designed to center the cylinder head support in relation to the valve stem guide. The design makes it very easy to achieve the desired compression of the seal. This design can also be combined with the valve stem guide face seal.
- valve rotating device with valve stem seal also includes a seal that is designed to seal the cylinder head support radially outward.
- This external radial seal can be used if recesses are provided in the cylinder head for the valve springs or the valve rotating devices to rest on.
- This design has the advantage that the seal can easily center the cylinder head support relative to the valve stem, even with relatively small dimensions. It is also possible to implement this design using an O-ring that is inserted into a corresponding groove on an outer surface of the valve rotating device or the cylinder head support of the valve rotating device.
- the rotating device comprises at least one disc spring, rolling elements and springs as well as at least one rolling or plain bearing. These components are conventionally provided in valve rotating devices.
- the rolling elements are usually arranged on an inclined plane and can roll against a spring support and rotate it further by an angular range when actuated. Rolling elements can also be provided that only perform a tilting movement.
- a spring support surface of the spring support is provided with an anti-twist device for the valve spring.
- an associated valve spring plate for attachment to the valve stem end is also provided with an anti-twist device for the valve spring.
- valve rotating device which is arranged between the cylinder head and the valve spring. mainly describes designs that are arranged between the valve spring and a valve stem end.
- valve spring retainer and valve stem attachment are used instead of spring support and cylinder head support.
- a valve rotating device with a valve stem seal wherein a valve rotating device is provided with a spring support or a spring plate and a valve stem fastening.
- the valve stem fastening is designed to be fastened to a valve stem end during operation, for example with conical pieces, wherein this connection should be frictionally or non-positively locked in the circumferential direction, preferably even positively locked.
- the valve rotating device is designed to rotate the valve stem fastening relative to the spring plate during operation.
- the valve rotating device is provided with a valve stem seal on the valve stem fastening of the valve rotating device, which is designed to seal against a valve stem.
- only the valve stem fastening is to be sealed against a valve stem.
- the connection between the valve stem fastening and the valve stem can be improved in this way.
- the valve stem seal can be designed here as a static seal, since no movement should occur between the valve stem fastening and the valve stem.
- This seal can also be referred to as a valve stem guide seal.
- the seal is designed here as a radial seal which allows displacement in both the axial direction and the circumferential direction. The movement of the valve stem attachment relative to the cylinder head must be absorbed by the valve stem guide seal.
- the valve stem guide seal can be designed as a radial inner seal or as a radial outer seal.
- valve stem guide seal surrounds the valve stem guide from the outside and slides up and down on this outer surface. This may require a type of grommet or tube attachment on the valve stem attachment.
- the length and shape of the engine's valve stem guides should be adapted to this type of seal.
- valve stem guide seal When designed as a radial external seal, the valve stem guide seal should be an extended pipe attachment on the valve stem guide and seal it inwards.
- This design requires the use of adapted valve stem guides that have a circular cylindrical outer surface in the area of the seal, but has the advantage that the seal can be designed closer to a valve axis, since the valve stem guides in the area of the seal can be designed with a smaller wall thickness.
- a valve rotating device with a valve stem seal wherein a valve rotating device is provided with a spring support or a spring plate and a valve stem fastening.
- the valve stem fastening is designed to be fastened to a valve stem end during operation, for example with conical pieces, wherein this connection should be frictionally or non-positively locked, preferably even positively locked.
- the valve rotating device is designed to rotate the valve stem fastening relative to the spring plate during operation.
- the valve rotating device is provided with a valve stem seal on the spring plate, which is designed to seal against a valve stem. In this embodiment, only the spring support should be sealed against a valve stem.
- connection between the spring support and the valve stem can be improved in this way, for example.
- the valve stem seal essentially serves as a radial shaft seal, which must absorb rotary movements and small axial movements.
- the valve stem seal seals the rotary movements of the valve.
- the valve stem seal must also be able to absorb the axial portion of the working stroke of the valve rotating device, but not of the entire valve.
- the valve stem seal can be arranged so that it can be easily displaced in the axial direction in order to only provide a seal against radial movements between the spring support and the valve stem.
- This seal can also be referred to as a valve stem guide seal.
- the seal is designed here as a radial seal which only has to allow displacement in the axial direction. The movement of the spring support relative to the cylinder head must be absorbed by the valve stem guide seal, which essentially corresponds to the entire valve stroke.
- the valve stem guide seal can be designed as a radial inner seal or as a radial outer seal, with the radial seal which rests on the outer surface of the valve guide being preferred.
- valve stem guide seal surrounds the valve stem guide from the outside and slides up and down on this outer surface. This may require some kind of grommet or tube attachment on the valve stem mount.
- valve stem guide seal should engage an extended pipe extension on the valve stem guide and seal it inwards.
- this design requires the use of adapted valve stem guides, but has the advantage that the seal can be designed closer to a valve axis.
- This design allows the two sealing components to be separated so that a pure radial shaft seal can be combined with an axial movement seal.
- the valve stem seal is provided with at least one spring that presses the valve stem seal radially inward against a valve stem in order to improve the sealing effect of the valve stem seal.
- This spring can also be referred to as a valve stem seal spring and can be designed as a hose spring, for example.
- the hose spring can achieve a constant sealing effect largely independent of the current operating temperature.
- the valve stem seal spring can be made of a metal such as steel, which can generate a radial force that is largely independent of the operating temperature, even in cases where an elastomer or rubber material would show a temperature-related reduction in strength.
- the valve guide seal is provided with at least one spring that presses the valve guide seal radially inward against a jacket surface of a valve guide in order to improve the sealing effect of the valve stem seal.
- This spring can also be referred to as a valve guide seal spring and can be designed as a hose spring.
- the hose spring can achieve a constant sealing effect largely independent of the current operating temperature.
- the valve stem seal spring can be made of a metal such as steel, which can generate a radial force that is largely independent of the operating temperature even in cases where an elastomer or rubber material would show a temperature-related reduction in strength.
- a spring support surface of the spring support or that of the spring plate is provided with a Provided with an anti-twisting device for the valve spring.
- an associated valve spring plate for attachment to the valve stem end or a corresponding support surface of the valve spring on the cylinder head is also provided with an anti-twisting device.
- Figure 1A represents a partial sectional view through a cylinder head 52, at the point where a valve stem 26 emerges from the top of the cylinder head. Between the cylinder head 52 and the valve stem 56, a valve stem guide is arranged, which is particularly useful in the embodiments of the Figures 1A to 1D can also be omitted.
- a valve rotating device with valve stem seal 2 rests directly on the cylinder head 52, on which a valve spring 12 is supported, which is connected to the valve stem end at the other end (not shown).
- the valve rotating device 6 is formed in the lower part of the valve rotating device with valve stem seal 2 and the one with valve stem seal 4 is molded onto the upper part.
- the valve rotating device 6 rests on the cylinder head 52 with the cylinder head support 8.
- Inclined planes 42 are provided in the cylinder head support 8 over which rolling elements 40, which are shown here as balls, can roll.
- the rolling elements 40 are each pressed against the upper end of the inclined planes 42 by return springs (not shown).
- a spring support 10 is arranged above the cylinder head support 8, on which the valve spring 12 rests.
- a disk spring 44 is also arranged between the cylinder head support 8 and the spring support 10, keeping these two elements at a distance from one another.
- the cylinder head support 8 rests firmly on the cylinder head and is prevented from rotating by the force of the valve spring 12.
- the cylinder head support 8 is further provided with a collar or a projection with which the cylinder head support 8 and thus the entire valve rotating device 6 can be centered relative to the valve stem guide 54.
- a valve stem seal of the cylinder head support 4 is molded onto the cylinder head support 8 or its projection.
- the valve stem seal of the cylinder head support or cylinder head support valve stem seal 4 is reinforced by a sealing spring 46, which allows a uniform contact pressure of the cylinder head support valve stem seal 4 to be achieved even at different operating temperatures.
- valve stem seal can now be dispensed with, since these two elements could be combined in a more complex component.
- the cylinder head support 8 is sealed by a combination of the contact pressure of the valve spring and a lubricant present in the cylinder head without a separate seal being necessary.
- the valve stem guide 56 can also be designed more simply, since an interface for mounting and holding a conventional valve stem seal no longer has to be provided. This can make it possible to reduce the wall thickness of the valve stem guide compared to the conventional design.
- the present invention therefore not only opens up the possibility of combining two components into one, but will also make it possible to largely revolutionize the entire cylinder head design, as far as this is possible after more than 100 years of development.
- Figure 1B shows a design of the valve rotating device with valve stem seal 2 similar to that of Figure 1 , whereby a valve stem guide seal or valve stem guide axial seal 16 is also provided, which is supported at the top in the axial direction on the front side of the valve stem guide 54.
- This design makes it possible to keep the space between the cylinder head support valve stem seal 4 and the valve stem guide axial seal 16 very small.
- a counterpressure can be built up very quickly, which effectively prevents any further flow of fluids. can prevent.
- the valve stem guide 54 and the projection of the cylinder head support 8 are larger or longer, which can result in advantages in the guidance of the valve stem 56.
- the function of the valve turning device 6 corresponds to that of the Figure 1 .
- Figure 1C is the cylinder head support 8 opposite the cylinder head 52, which is provided with a cylinder head support gasket 14, which is designed as a flat gasket. Due to the low tolerances and the low roughness on the cylinder head, the cylinder head support gasket 14 can be designed as a flat gasket or also by a sealing varnish or by a thin elastomer layer. This design essentially corresponds to the Figure 1A Due to the low thickness of the flat gasket, relatively low demands are placed on the material of the cylinder head gasket 14.
- the cylinder head support 8 is provided on one outside with a circumferential groove into which an O-ring is inserted as a cylinder head support outer seal 20.
- O-rings are particularly suitable as a static seal when they are inserted in an annular groove. After the O-ring is inserted in the groove, its shape prevents it from falling out of the groove.
- the O-ring can be used to center the cylinder head support 8 and thus the entire valve rotating device 6 in the cylinder head. Due to the large diameter, very low requirements can be placed on the strength here, since a corresponding load is distributed over the entire circumference and thus over a large area.
- the Figure 1E largely corresponds to the execution of Figure 1A , whereby the cylinder head support gasket is designed as a combination seal and also serves as a valve stem guide seal or valve stem guide radial seal 18.
- the valve spring allows a radial seal to be ensured by compressing the seal 14/18 in the axial direction by the valve spring 12.
- the cylinder head gasket 14 is designed as a static gasket, which allows for cost-effective production.
- the valve stem seal of the cylinder head support 4 and the cylinder head support seal 14 are made in one piece, which is also the case with the Figure 1E is possible with or without a change in the design. It is also possible to combine the Figures 1B and 1E with several seals attached to the cylinder head support. Several sealing lips can also be provided and the overall design can also differ from that shown.
- FIGS 2A to 2C show a further design in which the valve stem seal is not attached to the cylinder head support but to the spring support 10.
- the spring support 10 is provided with a tubular projection which lies around the valve stem guide 54 and projects upwards beyond it towards the end of the valve stem.
- a valve stem seal of the spring support 22 or spring support valve stem seal 22 is cast onto the projection of the spring support 10.
- This seal can be provided with a sealing spring 46 as shown.
- This design differs in the attachment point of the valve stem seal 22.
- the valve stem seal 22 rotates with the valve spring 12 and the valve stem 56, which makes it possible to design the seal as a pure seal for axial displacement. This makes it possible to use a sealing lip or a seal which can only provide a translational sealing function but not a rotational sealing function.
- the gap between the spring support 10 and the cylinder head support 8 is achieved by the plate spring 44 and by the force with which the valve spring presses the cylinder head support 8 against the cylinder head 52.
- a flat gasket is provided between the cylinder head support 8 and the cylinder head 52.
- FIG. 2B shows another version, in which, compared to the version of the Figure 2A a valve stem guide seal of the spring support 24 or a spring support valve stem guide seal 24 is provided.
- the spring support valve stem seal 22 can be designed here as a pure translational seal.
- Spring support valve stem guide seal 24 must, however, be able to seal both translationally and rotationally, with the translational movement being far smaller than the rotational movement.
- Figure 2C is intended to illustrate the movement of the valve rotating device.
- the outline of the Figure 2B are shown in dashed lines.
- the rolling elements 40 have rolled down the inclined planes 20 of the cylinder head support 8 and have displaced the spring support 10 downwards and, when viewed from above, clockwise.
- Figure 3 represents an embodiment in which the valve rotating device 6 is arranged at the top between the valve stem end and the valve spring.
- the embodiment essentially corresponds to that of the Figures 1A to 1E , whereby the projection is significantly longer and is sealed to both the valve stem 56 and the valve stem guide.
- the valve spring support is formed by the valve spring plate and the valve fastening corresponds to the cylinder head support.
- valve mount 28 rotates with the valve stem, which is why a static seal can be used to seal between the valve mount 28 and the valve stem 56.
- This design is particularly suitable for engines with long valve stem guides that protrude far.
- Figure 4 essentially corresponds to the execution of Figure 3 with the difference that on the one hand the seals are attached to the valve spring plate 26 and on the other hand there is no seal between the valve stem 56 and the valve mounting 28.
- This design is also particularly suitable for engines with long valve stem guides that protrude far.
- the spring plate 26 is provided with an anti-twist device 48 for the valve spring 12 and the support surface of the valve spring 12 on the cylinder head 52 is also provided with an anti-twist device 50 for the valve spring 12, whereby a positive connection between the valve plate and the cylinder head is achieved, via which the force generated by the rotating device 6 is supported on the engine block can.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Sealing With Elastic Sealing Lips (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Ventilschaftdichtung, die dazu bestimmt ist, einen Ventilschaft in einem Verbrennungsmotor gegenüber einem Zylinderkopf abzudichten, wobei die Ventilschaftdichtung weiter mit einer Ventildrehvorrichtung kombiniert ist, die das Ventil bei jeder Betätigung um einen kleinen Winkel um seine Längsachse dreht.The present invention relates to a valve stem seal intended to seal a valve stem in an internal combustion engine against a cylinder head, wherein the valve stem seal is further combined with a valve rotating device which rotates the valve by a small angle about its longitudinal axis upon each actuation.
Ventilschaftdichtungen dienen einerseits dazu zu verhindern, dass Öl durch den Spalt zwischen Ventilschaft und Ventilführung in den Ansaugkanal bzw. den Abgaskanal des Motors gelangt und dort verbrannt wird, wodurch einerseits Öl verschwendet und andererseits Abgasgrenzwertewerte verschlechtert werden. Weiterhin sollen Ventilschaftdichtungen verhindern, dass Brenngase über den Abgaskanal und den Spalt zwischen Ventilschaft und Ventilführung in den Zylinderkopf gelangen und dort das Öl verschmutzen oder ein Druck in dem Ölkreislauf erhöht wird.Valve stem seals are used to prevent oil from entering the intake duct or exhaust duct of the engine through the gap between the valve stem and the valve guide and being burned there, which on the one hand wastes oil and on the other hand worsens exhaust emission limits. Valve stem seals are also intended to prevent combustion gases from entering the cylinder head via the exhaust duct and the gap between the valve stem and the valve guide, where they can contaminate the oil or increase the pressure in the oil circuit.
Ventilschaftdichtungen als solche sind bereits aus verschiedenen Anwendungen bekannt. Ventilschaftdichtungen dienen dazu, den Ansaugkanal bzw. den Abgaskanal in dem Zylinderkopf gegen ein Eintreten von Öl in den Ansaug- bzw. Abgastrakt und den Ölkreislauf gegen Verunreinigungen aus dem Ansaug- bzw. Abgastrakt zu schützen. Üblicherweise werden hier Kappen vorgesehen, die auf den Ventilführungen angebracht werden und eine Dichtung gegen einen Ventilschaft drücken. Die wichtigste Aufgabe besteht dabei darin, Öl in dem Zylinderkopf daran zu hindern bei aufrecht stehenden Motoren in den Motor bzw. Brennraum zu gelangen.Valve stem seals as such are already known from various applications. Valve stem seals serve to protect the intake port or the exhaust port in the cylinder head against oil entering the intake or exhaust tract and to protect the oil circuit against contamination from the intake or exhaust tract. Caps are usually provided here that are attached to the valve guides and press a seal against a valve stem. The most important task is to prevent oil in the cylinder head from entering the engine or combustion chamber when the engine is standing upright.
Es sind ebenfalls Ventildrehvorrichtungen bekannt, die auf einer Kombination von Kugeln, Federn und schiefen Ebenen basieren, und die bevorzugt an einem oberen Ende eines Ventils angeordnetwerden. Es sind ebenfalls Ventildrehvorrichtungen mit einem Federkonzept bekannt. Dabei handelt es sich üblicherweise um Kombinationen aus einer Tellerfeder mit mehreren Wälzelementen die auf schiefen Ebenen laufen, und beim Öffnen des Ventils dieses ein Stück weit um die Schaftachse des Ventilschafts drehen, sodass sich der Ventilteller bei jedem Öffnen um wenige Winkelgrade gegenüber dem Ventilsitz verdreht, wodurch ein einseitiger Verschleiß am Ventilsitz und am Ventilteller verhindert wird. Die herkömmliche Ventildrehvorrichtung wird dabei üblicherweise oben im Bereich des Ventilfedertellers angebracht. Weitere Arten von Ventildrehvorrichtungen sind in Form von Rotocoil™ oder auch Rotocap™ Ventildrehvorrichtungen bekannt. In
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Bauteil welches bisher nur für eine einzige Aufgabe vorgesehen war dahingehend zu verbessern, dass mit diesem Bauteil mehrere Teilaufgaben gleichzeitig gelöst werden können.The present invention is based on the object of improving a component which was previously only intended for a single task in such a way that several subtasks can be solved simultaneously with this component.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ermöglicht es, bisher getrennte Bauteile in einer Einheit zusammenzufassen und so den Lagerhaltungs-, Handhabungs- und Montageaufwand bei Verbrennungsmotoren zu verringern. Dabei wird der Fertigungsaufwand unter den kombinierten Fertigungsaufwänden der Einzelteile liegen. Hier kann eine erhöhte Integration der Bauteile erreicht werden, was zudem noch eine Material- und Ressourceneinsparung ermöglicht.The present invention makes it possible to combine previously separate components into one unit, thus reducing the storage, handling and assembly costs for combustion engines. The manufacturing costs will be lower than the combined manufacturing costs of the individual parts. This allows for increased integration of the components, which also enables material and resource savings.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch den oder die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Ansprüche wobei bevorzugte Ausführungen in den abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben sind.This object is achieved by the subject matter(s) of the independent claims, with preferred embodiments being described in the dependent claims.
Es wird eine Ventildrehvorrichtung mit einer Ventilschaftdichtung bereitgestellt. Die Ventildrehvorrichtung umfasst dabei eine Zylinderkopfauflage, die dazu bestimmt ist an einem Zylinderkopf an- oder aufzuliegen. Weiter umfasst die Ventildrehvorrichtung eine Federauflage, dieA valve turning device with a valve stem seal is provided. The valve turning device comprises a cylinder head support which is intended to rest on or against a cylinder head. The valve turning device also comprises a spring support which
dazu bestimmt ist im Betrieb gegen mindestens eine Ventilfeder anzuliegen und diese in Richtung des Zylinderkopfes abzustützen. Die Ventildrehvorrichtung ist eingerichtet die Federauflage im Betrieb insbesondere bei einer Betätigung des Ventils insbesondere beim Öffnen des Ventils gegenüber der Zylinderkopfauflage zu drehen. Durch die Drehung der mindestens einen Ventilfeder an einer Basis wird diese Drehung über einen Federteller, der oben an der Feder anliegt, an ein Ventilschaftende weitergeleitet. Bei einem Öffnen des Ventils wird das Ventil um den Ventilschaft gedreht, da der Ventilteller vom Ventilsitz des Zylinderkopfs abhebt und nicht mehr durch Kraftschluss in Drehrichtung blockiert ist. Die Ventildrehvorrichtung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass an der Zylinderkopfauflage der Ventildrehvorrichtung eine Ventilschaftdichtung angebracht ist, die eingerichtet ist an einem Ventilschaft anzuliegen und diesen bei Dreh- und Axialbewegungen des Ventils bzw. Ventilschafts abzudichten.is intended to rest against at least one valve spring during operation and to support this in the direction of the cylinder head. The valve rotating device is designed to rotate the spring support relative to the cylinder head support during operation, in particular when the valve is actuated, in particular when the valve is opened. By rotating the at least one valve spring on a base, this rotation is transmitted to a valve stem end via a spring plate which rests on the top of the spring. When the valve is opened, the valve is rotated about the valve stem because the valve plate lifts off the valve seat of the cylinder head and is no longer blocked by friction in the direction of rotation. The valve rotating device is characterized in that a valve stem seal is attached to the cylinder head support of the valve rotating device, which is designed to rest against a valve stem and seal it during rotational and axial movements of the valve or valve stem.
In der Grundausführung ist die Ventildrehvorrichtung nur mit einer Dichtung am Ventilschaft versehen, nicht jedoch mit einer Dichtung gegenüber einer Ventilführung oder dem Zylinderkopf. Hier wird die Dichtwirkung einfach durch eine gewisse Viskosität des Motoröls zwischen der Zylinderkopfauflage und dem Zylinderkopf in Kombination mit der Federkraft der Ventilfeder erreicht, die die Zylinderkopfauflage auf den Zylinderkopf presst. Hier kann eine statische Dichtwirkung auch ohne eine gesonderte Dichtung erreicht werden, sofern die Spaltmaße und die Oberflächengüte sowie die Anpresskraft durch die Ventilfeder ausreichen.In the basic version, the valve turning device is only provided with a seal on the valve stem, but not with a seal against a valve guide or the cylinder head. Here the sealing effect is simply achieved by a certain viscosity of the engine oil between the cylinder head support and the cylinder head in combination with the spring force of the valve spring, which presses the cylinder head support onto the cylinder head. Here a static sealing effect can also be achieved without a separate seal, provided the gap dimensions and the surface quality as well as the contact pressure from the valve spring are sufficient.
Bei einer weiteren beispielhaften Ausführung der Ventildrehvorrichtung umfasst diese weiter eine Dichtung, die eingerichtet ist die Zylinderkopfauflage in Axialrichtung gegen eine Fläche des Zylinderkopfs abzudichten; diese Dichtung kann auch als Zylinderkopfauflagedichtung bezeichnet werden. Hier kann eine Axialdichtung vorgesehen sein, die eine Unterseite der Zylinderkopfauflage gegen den Zylinderkopf abdichtet. Hier kann beispielsweise die gesamte Unterseite der Zylinderkopfauflage mit einer dünnen Elastomerschicht oder einem Elastomerlack versehen werden. Es kann ein relativ geringer Anpressdruck dazu verwendet werden eine ausreichende Dichtwirkung zu erzielen ohne dass eine besonders komplizierte Dichtgeometrie oder eine besonders ausgefeilte Dichtlippe ausgeführt werden muss. Es ist ebenfalls möglich eine in Axialrichtung wirkende Dichtung in einer entsprechenden Vertiefung oder Nut in einer Unterseite der Zylinderkopfauflage einzubringen oder einzulegen womit eine höhere Flächenpressung und eine Verpressungsbegrenzung der Dichtung einfach erreicht werden können.In another exemplary embodiment of the valve rotation device, it further comprises a seal that is designed to seal the cylinder head support in the axial direction against a surface of the cylinder head; this seal can also be referred to as a cylinder head support seal. An axial seal can be provided here that seals an underside of the cylinder head support against the cylinder head. Here, for example, the entire underside of the cylinder head support can be provided with a thin elastomer layer or an elastomer varnish. A relatively low contact pressure can be used to achieve a sufficient sealing effect without having to implement a particularly complicated sealing geometry or a particularly sophisticated sealing lip. It is also possible to introduce or insert a seal that acts in the axial direction in a corresponding recess or groove in an underside of the cylinder head support, with which a higher surface pressure and a compression limit of the seal can be easily achieved.
Eine Sonderform dieser Dichtung kann als in Axialrichtung wirkende Dichtung ausgeführt werden, die in Axialrichtung gegen eine Stirnseite einer Ventilschaftführung wirkt. Diese Ausführung weist den Vorteil auf, dass die Ventilschaftdichtung und die Dichtung, die auf die Stirnseite der Ventilschaftführung wirkt bzw. die Ventilschaftführungs-Stirnseitendichtung einstückig ausgeführt werden können. Weiterhin gestattet es diese Ausführung einen sehr kleinen Dichtraum herzustellen, wodurch der Raum zwischen der Ventilschaftdichtung und der Ventilschaftführungs-Stirnseitendichtung sehr gering gehalten werden kann, sodass sich in diesem Raum sehr schnell ein Gegendruck aufbaut, so dass ein Fluid von einem Abgaskanal oder einen Ansaugkanal zwischen Ventilschaft und Ventilschaftführung nach oben strömt. Dies ist eine einfache und kompakte Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung, die den Spalt sowohl zum Ventilschaft als auch zum Zylinderkopf hin abdichtet. Hier hilft die Kraft der Ventilfeder eine ausreichende Dichtwirkung zu erzielen, während über einen Abstand zu einer Kontaktfläche eine gewünschte definierte Verpressung der Dichtung erreicht werden kann.A special form of this seal can be designed as an axially acting seal that acts in the axial direction against a front side of a valve stem guide. This design has the advantage that the valve stem seal and the seal that acts on the front side of the valve stem guide or the valve stem guide front side seal can be designed as one piece. Furthermore, this design makes it possible to create a very small sealing space, whereby the space between the valve stem seal and the valve stem guide front side seal can be kept very small, so that a counter pressure builds up very quickly in this space, so that a fluid flows upwards from an exhaust duct or an intake duct between the valve stem and the valve stem guide. This is a simple and compact version of the present invention that seals the gap both to the valve stem and to the cylinder head. Here, the force of the valve spring helps to achieve a sufficient sealing effect, while a desired defined compression of the seal can be achieved over a distance to a contact surface.
Bei einer zusätzlichen beispielhaften Ausführung der Ventildrehvorrichtung mit Ventilschaftdichtung umfasst diese weiter eine Dichtung, die eingerichtet die Zylinderkopfauflage gegen eine Mantelfläche einer Ventilschaftführung abzudichten. Die Dichtung kann auch als Ventilschaftführungs-Mantelflächendichtung bezeichnet werden. Die Dichtung ist hier als Radialdichtung ausgeführt, die zudem dazu ausgelegt sein kann die Zylinderkopfauflage in Bezug auf die Ventilschaftführung zu zentrieren. Die Auslegung gestattet es sehr einfach eine gewünschte Verpressung der Dichtung zu erreichen. Diese Ausführung kann auch mit der Ventilschaftführungs-Stimseitendichtung kombiniert werden.In an additional exemplary embodiment of the valve rotating device with Valve stem seal also includes a seal that is designed to seal the cylinder head support against a jacket surface of a valve stem guide. The seal can also be referred to as a valve stem guide jacket surface seal. The seal is designed here as a radial seal, which can also be designed to center the cylinder head support in relation to the valve stem guide. The design makes it very easy to achieve the desired compression of the seal. This design can also be combined with the valve stem guide face seal.
Eine zusätzliche Ausführungsform der Ventildrehvorrichtung mit Ventilschaftdichtung umfasst weiterhin eine Dichtung, die eingerichtet ist, die Zylinderkopfauflage radial nach außen abzudichten. Diese Außen-Radialdichtung kann eingesetzt werden wenn in dem Zylinderkopf Vertiefungen zur Anlage der Ventilfedern bzw. der Ventildrehvorrichtungen vorgesehen sind. Diese Ausführung weist den Vorteil auf, dass die Dichtung die Zylinderkopfauflage auch bei relativ kleinen Abmessungen sehr leicht gegenüber dem Ventilschaft zentrierten kann. Es ist ebenfalls möglich diese Ausführung durch einen O-Ring umzusetzen der in eine entsprechende Nut einer Außenfläche der Ventildrehvorrichtung bzw. der Zylinderkopfauflage der Ventildrehvorrichtung eingesetzt ist.An additional embodiment of the valve rotating device with valve stem seal also includes a seal that is designed to seal the cylinder head support radially outward. This external radial seal can be used if recesses are provided in the cylinder head for the valve springs or the valve rotating devices to rest on. This design has the advantage that the seal can easily center the cylinder head support relative to the valve stem, even with relatively small dimensions. It is also possible to implement this design using an O-ring that is inserted into a corresponding groove on an outer surface of the valve rotating device or the cylinder head support of the valve rotating device.
Bei einer anderen beispielhaften Ausführung der Ventildrehvorrichtung mit Ventilschaftdichtung umfasst die Drehvorrichtung mindestens eine Tellerfeder, Wälzelemente und Federn sowie mindestens ein Wälz- oder Gleitlager. Diese Komponenten sind herkömmlicherweise in Ventildrehvorrichtungen vorgesehen. Die Wälzelemente sind üblicherweise auf einer schiefen Ebene angeordnet und können gegen eine Federauflage abrollen und diese bei einer Betätigung um einen Winkelbereich weiterdrehen. Es können auch Wälzelemente vorgesehen sein die nur eine Kippbewegung durchführen.In another exemplary embodiment of the valve rotating device with valve stem seal, the rotating device comprises at least one disc spring, rolling elements and springs as well as at least one rolling or plain bearing. These components are conventionally provided in valve rotating devices. The rolling elements are usually arranged on an inclined plane and can roll against a spring support and rotate it further by an angular range when actuated. Rolling elements can also be provided that only perform a tilting movement.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Ventildrehvorrichtung mit Ventilschaftdichtung ist eine Federauflagefläche der Federauflage mit einer Verdrehsicherung für die Ventilfeder versehen. Bevorzugt ist ein zugehöriger Ventilfederteller zur Befestigung an dem Ventilschaftende ebenfalls mit einer Verdrehsicherung für die Ventilfeder versehen. Dadurch kann sichergestellt werden, dass die von der Ventildrehvorrichtung erzeugte Drehung auch tatsächlich bis zur Ventil übertragen wird. In dieser Ausführung kann ausgeschlossen werden, dass die Ventilfeder gegenüber der Federauflage oder dem Ventilteller verrutscht und nur die Federauflage oder die Ventilfeder, nicht jedoch das Ventil selber gedreht wird.In a further embodiment of the valve rotating device with valve stem seal, a spring support surface of the spring support is provided with an anti-twist device for the valve spring. Preferably, an associated valve spring plate for attachment to the valve stem end is also provided with an anti-twist device for the valve spring. This ensures that the rotation generated by the valve rotating device is actually transmitted to the valve. In this embodiment, it can be ruled out that the valve spring slips relative to the spring support or the valve plate and only the spring support or the valve spring is rotated, but not the valve itself.
Die vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungen sind auf eine Ventildrehvorrichtung bezogen, die zwischen dem Zylinderkopf und der Ventilfeder angeordnet ist. Im Folgenden werden hauptsächlich Ausführungen beschrieben, die zwischen der Ventilfeder und einem Ventilschaftende angeordnet sind. Hier werden die Bezeichnungen Ventilfederteller und Ventilschaftbefestigung anstelle von Federauflage und Zylinderkopfauflage verwendet.The above-described embodiments refer to a valve rotating device which is arranged between the cylinder head and the valve spring. mainly describes designs that are arranged between the valve spring and a valve stem end. Here, the terms valve spring retainer and valve stem attachment are used instead of spring support and cylinder head support.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung wird eine Ventildrehvorrichtung mit Ventilschaftdichtung bereitgestellt, wobei eine Ventildrehvorrichtung, mit einer Federauflage bzw. einem Federteller und einer Ventilschaftbefestigung vorgesehen ist. Die Ventilschaftbefestigung ist dazu eingerichtet im Betrieb beispielsweise mit Kegelstücken an einem Ventilschaftende befestigt zu werden, wobei diese Verbindung in Umfangsrichtung reib- bzw. kraftschlüssig bevorzugt sogar formschlüssig ausgeführt werden soll. Die Ventildrehvorrichtung ist dabei eingerichtet im Betrieb die Ventilschaftbefestigung gegenüber dem Federteller zu drehen. Die Ventildrehvorrichtung ist an der Ventilschaftbefestigung der Ventildrehvorrichtung mit einer Ventilschaftdichtung versehen, die eingerichtet ist dichtend an einem Ventilschaft anzuliegen. In dieser Ausführung soll lediglich die Ventilschaftbefestigung gegenüber einem Ventilschaft abgedichtet werden. In der Grundausführung kann so beispielsweise die Verbindung zwischen der Ventilschaftbefestigung und dem Ventilschaft verbessert werden. Die Ventilschaftdichtung kann hier als statische Dichtung ausgelegt werden, da zwischen der Ventilschaftbefestigung und dem Ventilschaft keine Bewegungen auftreten sollen.According to a further aspect of the present invention, a valve rotating device with a valve stem seal is provided, wherein a valve rotating device is provided with a spring support or a spring plate and a valve stem fastening. The valve stem fastening is designed to be fastened to a valve stem end during operation, for example with conical pieces, wherein this connection should be frictionally or non-positively locked in the circumferential direction, preferably even positively locked. The valve rotating device is designed to rotate the valve stem fastening relative to the spring plate during operation. The valve rotating device is provided with a valve stem seal on the valve stem fastening of the valve rotating device, which is designed to seal against a valve stem. In this embodiment, only the valve stem fastening is to be sealed against a valve stem. In the basic embodiment, for example, the connection between the valve stem fastening and the valve stem can be improved in this way. The valve stem seal can be designed here as a static seal, since no movement should occur between the valve stem fastening and the valve stem.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Ventildrehvorrichtung mit Ventilschaftdichtung umfasst diese weiter eine Dichtung, die eingerichtet die Ventilschaftbefestigung gegen eine Mantelfläche einer Ventilschaftführung abzudichten. Diese Dichtung kann im Weiteren auch als Ventilschaftführungsdichtung bezeichnet werden. Die Dichtung ist hier als Radialdichtung ausgeführt, die sowohl eine Verschiebung in Axialrichtung als auch in Umfangsrichtung ermöglicht. Die Bewegung der Ventilschaftbefestigung gegenüber dem Zylinderkopf muss hier von der Ventilschaftführungsdichtung aufgenommen werden. Die Ventilschaftführungsdichtung kann gegenüber als Radial-Innendichtung oder als Radial-Außendichtung ausgeführt werden.In a further embodiment of the valve rotation device with valve stem seal, this further comprises a seal which is designed to seal the valve stem attachment against a circumferential surface of a valve stem guide. This seal can also be referred to as a valve stem guide seal. The seal is designed here as a radial seal which allows displacement in both the axial direction and the circumferential direction. The movement of the valve stem attachment relative to the cylinder head must be absorbed by the valve stem guide seal. The valve stem guide seal can be designed as a radial inner seal or as a radial outer seal.
Bei der Ausführung als Radial-Innendichtung umfasst die Ventilschaftführungsdichtung die Ventilschaftführung von außen und gleitet an dieser Außenfläche auf und ab. Dies kann eine Art Tülle oder einen Rohransatz an der Ventilschaftbefestigung erfordern. Hier sollte die Länge und die Form der Ventilschaftführungen des Motors an diese Art der Abdichtung angepasst werden.In the radial internal seal design, the valve stem guide seal surrounds the valve stem guide from the outside and slides up and down on this outer surface. This may require a type of grommet or tube attachment on the valve stem attachment. Here, the length and shape of the engine's valve stem guides should be adapted to this type of seal.
Bei der Ausführung als Radial-Außendichtung sollte die Ventilschaftführungsdichtung an einem, verlängerten Rohransatz an der Ventilschaftführung eingreifen und diesen nach innen abdichten. Diese Ausführung erfordert jedoch den Einsatz von angepassten Ventilschaftführungen, die im Bereich der Abdichtung eine kreiszylindrische Außenfläche aufweisen, weist jedoch den Vorteil auf, dass die Dichtung näher an einer Ventilachse liegend ausgeführt werden kann, da die Ventilschaftführungen im Bereich der Dichtung mit einer geringeren Wanddicke ausgeführt werden können.When designed as a radial external seal, the valve stem guide seal should be an extended pipe attachment on the valve stem guide and seal it inwards. This design, however, requires the use of adapted valve stem guides that have a circular cylindrical outer surface in the area of the seal, but has the advantage that the seal can be designed closer to a valve axis, since the valve stem guides in the area of the seal can be designed with a smaller wall thickness.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung wird eine Ventildrehvorrichtung mit Ventilschaftdichtung bereitgestellt, wobei eine Ventildrehvorrichtung mit einer Federauflage bzw. einem Federteller und einer Ventilschaftbefestigung vorgesehen ist. Die Ventilschaftbefestigung ist dazu eingerichtet, im Betrieb beispielsweise mit Kegelstücken an einem Ventilschaftende befestigt zu werden, wobei diese Verbindung reib- bzw. kraftschlüssig bevorzugt sogar formschlüssig ausgeführt werden soll. Die Ventildrehvorrichtung ist dabei eingerichtet im Betrieb die Ventilschaftbefestigung gegenüber dem Federteller zu drehen. Die Ventildrehvorrichtung ist an dem Federteller mit einer Ventilschaftdichtung versehen, die eingerichtet ist dichtend an einem Ventilschaft anzuliegen. In dieser Ausführung soll lediglich die Federauflage gegenüber einem Ventilschaft abgedichtet werden. In der Grundausführung kann so beispielsweise die Verbindung zwischen der Federauflage und dem Ventilschaft verbessert werden. Die Ventilschaftdichtung dient hier im Wesentlichen als Radialwellendichtung, die Drehbewegungen und kleine Axialbewegungen aufnehmen muss. Die Ventilschaftdichtung dichtet hier die Drehbewegungen des Ventils ab. Die Ventilschaftdichtung muss ebenfalls den Axialanteil des Arbeitshubs der Ventildrehvorrichtung nicht jedoch des gesamten Ventils aufnehmen können. Die Ventilschaftdichtung kann hier leicht in Axialrichtung verschiebbar angeordnet sein, um lediglich eine Dichtung gegenüber Radialbewegungen zwischen der Federauflage und dem Ventilschaft zu ermöglichen.According to a further aspect of the present invention, a valve rotating device with a valve stem seal is provided, wherein a valve rotating device is provided with a spring support or a spring plate and a valve stem fastening. The valve stem fastening is designed to be fastened to a valve stem end during operation, for example with conical pieces, wherein this connection should be frictionally or non-positively locked, preferably even positively locked. The valve rotating device is designed to rotate the valve stem fastening relative to the spring plate during operation. The valve rotating device is provided with a valve stem seal on the spring plate, which is designed to seal against a valve stem. In this embodiment, only the spring support should be sealed against a valve stem. In the basic embodiment, the connection between the spring support and the valve stem can be improved in this way, for example. The valve stem seal essentially serves as a radial shaft seal, which must absorb rotary movements and small axial movements. The valve stem seal seals the rotary movements of the valve. The valve stem seal must also be able to absorb the axial portion of the working stroke of the valve rotating device, but not of the entire valve. The valve stem seal can be arranged so that it can be easily displaced in the axial direction in order to only provide a seal against radial movements between the spring support and the valve stem.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Ventildrehvorrichtung mit Ventilschaftdichtung umfasst diese weiter eine Dichtung, die eingerichtet die Federauflage gegen eine Mantelfläche einer Ventilschaftführung abzudichten. Diese Dichtung kann im Weiteren auch als Ventilschaftführungsdichtung bezeichnet werden. Die Dichtung ist hier als Radialdichtung ausgeführt die lediglich eine Verschiebung in Axialrichtung ermöglichen muss. Die Bewegung der Federauflage gegenüber dem Zylinderkopf muss hier von der Ventilschaftführungsdichtung aufgenommen werden, was im Wesentlichen dem gesamten Ventilhub entspricht. Die Ventilschaftführungsdichtung kann als Radial-Innendichtung oder als Radial-Außendichtung ausgeführt werden, wobei die Radialdichtung bevorzugt ist die an der Außenfläche der Ventilführung anliegt.In a further embodiment of the valve rotating device with a valve stem seal, this further comprises a seal which is designed to seal the spring support against a circumferential surface of a valve stem guide. This seal can also be referred to as a valve stem guide seal. The seal is designed here as a radial seal which only has to allow displacement in the axial direction. The movement of the spring support relative to the cylinder head must be absorbed by the valve stem guide seal, which essentially corresponds to the entire valve stroke. The valve stem guide seal can be designed as a radial inner seal or as a radial outer seal, with the radial seal which rests on the outer surface of the valve guide being preferred.
Bei der Ausführung als Radial-Innendichtung umfasst die Ventilschaftführungsdichtung die Ventilschaftführung von außen und gleitet an dieser Außenfläche auf und ab. Dies kann eine Art Tülle oder einen Rohransatz an der Ventilschaftbefestigung erfordern.In the radial internal seal design, the valve stem guide seal surrounds the valve stem guide from the outside and slides up and down on this outer surface. This may require some kind of grommet or tube attachment on the valve stem mount.
Bei der Ausführung als Radial-Außendichtung sollte die Ventilschaftführungsdichtung an einem erweiterten Rohransatz an der Ventilschaftführung eingreifen und diesen nach innen abdichten. Diese Ausführung erfordert jedoch den Einsatz von angepassten Ventilschaftführungen, weist jedoch den Vorteil auf, dass die Dichtung näher an einer Ventilachse liegend ausgeführt werden können.In the radial external seal design, the valve stem guide seal should engage an extended pipe extension on the valve stem guide and seal it inwards. However, this design requires the use of adapted valve stem guides, but has the advantage that the seal can be designed closer to a valve axis.
Diese Ausführung gestattet eine Trennung der beiden Dichtungskomponenten sodass eine reine Radialwellendichtung mit einer Axialbewegungsdichtung kombiniert werden kann.This design allows the two sealing components to be separated so that a pure radial shaft seal can be combined with an axial movement seal.
Bei einer zusätzlichen Ausführung der Ventildrehvorrichtung mit Ventilschaftdichtung ist die Ventilschaftdichtung mit mindestens einer Feder versehen, die die Ventilschaftdichtung radial nach innen gegen einen Ventilschaft drückt, um die Dichtwirkung der Ventilschaftdichtung zu verbessern. Diese Feder kann auch als Ventilschaftdichtungsfeder bezeichnet werden und kann als beispielsweise als Schlauchfeder ausgeführt werden. Durch die Schlauchfeder kann eine konstante Dichtwirkung weitgehend unabhängig von einer aktuellen Betriebstemperatur erreicht werden. Die Ventilschaftdichtungsfeder kann aus einem Metall wie Stahl gefertigt sein womit eine weitgehend von der Betriebstemperatur unabhängige Radialkraft auch in Fällen erzeugt werden kann, bei denen ein Elastomer oder ein Gummiwerkstoff eine temperaturbedingte Festigkeitsverringerung zeigen würde. Bei einer zusätzlichen Ausführung der Ventildrehvorrichtung mit Ventilschaftdichtung ist die Ventilführungsdichtung mit mindestens einer Feder versehen die die Ventilführungsdichtung radial nach innen gegen eine Mantelfläche einer Ventilführung drückt, um die Dichtwirkung der Ventilschaftdichtung zu verbessern. Diese Feder kann auch als Ventilführungsdichtungsfeder bezeichnet werden und kann als Schlauchfeder ausgeführt werden. Durch die Schlauchfeder kann eine konstante Dichtwirkung weitgehend unabhängig von einer aktuellen Betriebstemperatur erreicht werden. Die Ventilschaftdichtungsfeder kann aus einem Metall wie Stahl gefertigt sein, womit eine weitgehend von der Betriebstemperatur unabhängige Radialkraft auch in Fällen erzeugt werden kann, in denen ein Elastomer oder ein Gummiwerkstoff eine temperaturbedingte Festigkeitsverringerung zeigen würde.In an additional design of the valve rotating device with a valve stem seal, the valve stem seal is provided with at least one spring that presses the valve stem seal radially inward against a valve stem in order to improve the sealing effect of the valve stem seal. This spring can also be referred to as a valve stem seal spring and can be designed as a hose spring, for example. The hose spring can achieve a constant sealing effect largely independent of the current operating temperature. The valve stem seal spring can be made of a metal such as steel, which can generate a radial force that is largely independent of the operating temperature, even in cases where an elastomer or rubber material would show a temperature-related reduction in strength. In an additional design of the valve rotating device with a valve stem seal, the valve guide seal is provided with at least one spring that presses the valve guide seal radially inward against a jacket surface of a valve guide in order to improve the sealing effect of the valve stem seal. This spring can also be referred to as a valve guide seal spring and can be designed as a hose spring. The hose spring can achieve a constant sealing effect largely independent of the current operating temperature. The valve stem seal spring can be made of a metal such as steel, which can generate a radial force that is largely independent of the operating temperature even in cases where an elastomer or rubber material would show a temperature-related reduction in strength.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Ventildrehvorrichtung mit Ventilschaftdichtung ist eine Federauflagefläche der Federauflage oder die des Federtellers mit einer Verdrehsicherung für die Ventilfeder versehen. Bevorzugt ist ebenfalls ein zugehöriger Ventilfederteller zur Befestigung an dem Ventilschaftende oder eine entsprechende Auflagefläche der Ventilfeder am Zylinderkopf ebenfalls mit einer Verdrehsicherung versehen. Dadurch kann sichergestellt werden, dass die von der Ventildrehvorrichtung erzeugte Drehung auch tatsächlich bis zum Ventil übertragen wird. In dieser Ausführung kann ausgeschlossen werden, dass die Ventilfeder gegenüber der Federauflage oder dem Ventilteller verrutscht und nur die Federauflage oder die Ventilfeder, nicht jedoch das Ventil selber gedreht wird.In a further embodiment of the valve rotating device with valve stem seal, a spring support surface of the spring support or that of the spring plate is provided with a Provided with an anti-twisting device for the valve spring. Preferably, an associated valve spring plate for attachment to the valve stem end or a corresponding support surface of the valve spring on the cylinder head is also provided with an anti-twisting device. This ensures that the rotation generated by the valve rotation device is actually transmitted to the valve. In this design, it can be ruled out that the valve spring slips relative to the spring support or the valve plate and only the spring support or the valve spring is rotated, but not the valve itself.
Im Folgenden wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand von schematischen und nicht maßstabgerechten Darstellungen verschiedener beispielhafter Ausführungen veranschaulicht.
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Figuren 1A bis 1E zeigen verschiedene Ausführungsformen von erfindungsgemäßen Ventildrehvorrichtung mit Ventilschaftdichtung, bei denen ein Teil einer Ventildrehvorrichtung die Abdichtung übernimmt, der direkt auf einem Zylinderkopf aufliegt. -
Figuren 2A bis 2C zeigen erfindungsgemäße Ventildrehvorrichtungen mit Ventilschaftdichtungen, bei denen ein Teil einer Ventildrehvorrichtung die Abdichtung übernimmt der direkt mit einer Ventilfeder verbunden ist. -
Figuren 3 und4 stellen erfindungsgemäße Ventildrehvorrichtungen mit Ventilschaftdichtungen dar, bei dem die Abdichtung oben am Ventilschaftende eines Ventils vorgesehen ist.
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Figures 1A to 1E show various embodiments of valve rotating devices according to the invention with valve stem seals, in which a part of a valve rotating device takes over the sealing, which rests directly on a cylinder head. -
Figures 2A to 2C show valve rotating devices according to the invention with valve stem seals, in which a part of a valve rotating device takes over the sealing and is directly connected to a valve spring. -
Figures 3 and4 represent valve rotating devices according to the invention with valve stem seals, in which the seal is provided at the top of the valve stem end of a valve.
In den Figuren ist bei allen Elementen mit Ausnahme der schiefen Ebenen und der Ventilfeder nur die Schnittebene selbst dargestellt, wodurch eine klarere Ansicht der Rotationssymmetrischen Komponenten erreicht wird.In the figures, for all elements except the inclined planes and the valve spring, only the cutting plane itself is shown, which provides a clearer view of the rotationally symmetrical components.
Sowohl in den Figuren als auch in der Beschreibung werden gleiche oder ähnliche Bezugszeigen verwendet um auf gleiche oder ähnliche Komponenten oder Elemente Bezug zu nehmen. Um die Beschreibung knapp zu halten werden daher nicht alle Elemente in allen Figuren einzeln beschrieben, sofern ihre Funktion bereits in einer vorstehenden Figur beschrieben wurde. Die Bezugszeichenliste wurde beigefügt, um die Beschreibung der Figuren knapper halten zu können.Both in the figures and in the description, the same or similar reference signs are used to refer to the same or similar components or elements. In order to keep the description brief, not all elements are described individually in all figures, provided that their function is already described in a previous figure. The list of reference symbols has been added to keep the description of the figures more concise.
In
Bei der
In der
Die
In allen Ausführungen der
In der
In der
In der
Bei der
- 22
- Ventildrehvorrichtung mit VentilschaftdichtungValve turning device with valve stem seal
- 44
- Ventilschaftdichtung der ZylinderkopfauflageValve stem seal of the cylinder head support
- 66
- VentildrehvorrichtungValve turning device
- 88th
- ZylinderkopfauflageCylinder head support
- 1010
- FederauflageSpring rest
- 1212
- VentilfederValve spring
- 1414
- Dichtung zum Abdichten der Zylinderkopfauflage gegen den Zylinderkopf bzw. ZylinderkopfauflagedichtungGasket for sealing the cylinder head support against the cylinder head or cylinder head support gasket
- 1616
- Ventilschaftführungsdichtung bzw. Ventilschaftführungs-AxialdichtungValve stem guide seal or valve stem guide axial seal
- 1818
- Ventilschaftführungsdichtung bzw. Ventilschaftführungs-RadialdichtungValve stem guide seal or valve stem guide radial seal
- 2020
- ZylinderkopfauflageaußendichtungCylinder head outer gasket
- 2222
- Ventilschaftdichtung der FederauflageValve stem seal of the spring support
- 2424
- Ventilschaftführungsdichtung der FederauflageValve stem guide seal of the spring support
- 2626
- FedertellerSpring plate
- 2828
- VentilschaftbefestigungValve stem mounting
- 3030
- KegelstückeCone pieces
- 3232
- Ventilschaftdichtung der VentilschaftbefestigungValve stem seal of the valve stem attachment
- 3434
- Ventilschaftführungsdichtung der VentilschaftbefestigungValve stem guide seal of the valve stem attachment
- 3636
- Ventilschaftdichtung des FedertellersValve stem seal of the spring plate
- 3838
- Ventilschaftführungsdichtung der VentilschaftbefestigungValve stem guide seal of the valve stem attachment
- 4040
- Wälzelemente mit (nicht dargestellten) RückholfedernRolling elements with return springs (not shown)
- 4242
- Schiefe EbenenInclined planes
- 4444
- TellerfederDisc spring
- 4646
- DichtungsfederSealing spring
- 4848
- Verdrehsicherung für die Ventilfeder des FedertellersAnti-twisting device for the valve spring of the spring plate
- 5050
- Verdrehsicherung für die Ventilfeder der FederauflageAnti-twisting device for the valve spring of the spring support
- 5252
- MotorblockEngine block
- 5454
- VentilschaftführungValve stem guide
- 5656
- VentilschaftValve stem
Claims (14)
- Valve rotating device with valve stem seal (2) comprising a valve rotating device (6) with a cylinder head support (8) and a spring support (10) intended to abut against (at least) a valve spring during operation,wherein the valve rotating device (6) is arranged to rotate the spring support relative to the cylinder head support (8) during operation,wherein a valve stem seal (4) is attached to the cylinder head support (8) of the valve rotating device (6), which is arranged to abut against a valve stem (56) and to seal it during rotary and axial movements of the valve stem (56).
- Valve rotating device with valve stem seal (2) according to claim 1, further comprising a seal (14) arranged to seal the cylinder head support (8) against a surface of the cylinder head.
- Valve rotating device with valve stem seal (2) according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a seal (16) arranged to seal the cylinder head support (8) against a front face of a valve stem guide (54).
- Valve rotating device with valve stem seal (2) according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a seal (18) arranged to seal the cylinder head support (8) against a lateral area of a valve stem guide (54).
- Valve rotating device with valve stem seal (2) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a seal (20) arranged to seal the cylinder head support (8) radially outwards against the cylinder head (52).
- Valve rotating device with valve stem seal (2) comprising a valve rotating device (6) with a cylinder head support (8) and a spring support (10) intended to abut against a valve spring (12) during operation,wherein the spring support (10) is arranged to be rotated in operation by the valve rotating device (6) relative to the cylinder head support (8),wherein a valve stem seal (22) is attached to the spring support (10), which is arranged to abut against a valve stem (56) and to seal it during rotary and axial movements.
- Valve rotating device with valve stem seal (2) according to claim 6, further comprising a seal (24) arranged to seal the spring support (10) against a lateral area of a valve stem guide (54).
- Valve rotating device with valve stem seal (2) comprising a valve rotating device (6) with a spring plate (26) and a valve stem attachment (28) intended to be attached to a valve stem end during operation,wherein the valve rotating device (6) is arranged to rotate the valve stem attachment (28) relative to the spring plate (26) during operation,wherein a valve stem seal (32) is attached to the valve stem attachment (28), which is arranged to abut sealingly against a valve stem (56).
- Valve rotating device according to claim 8, further comprising a valve stem guide seal (34), which is arranged to seal the valve stem attachment (28) against a lateral area of a valve stem guide (54).
- Valve rotating device with valve stem seal (2) comprising a valve rotating device (6) with a spring plate (26) and a valve stem attachment (28) intended to be attached to a valve stem end during operation,wherein the valve rotating device (6) is arranged to rotate the valve stem attachment (28) relative to the spring plate (26) during operation,wherein a valve stem seal (36) is attached to the spring plate (26), which is arranged to abut sealingly against a valve stem (56).
- Valve rotating device according to claim 10, further comprising a seal (38) which is arranged on the spring plate (26) and which is arranged to seal the spring plate (26) against a lateral area of a valve stem guide (54).
- Valve rotating device with valve stem seal (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the valve stem seal (4, 22, 32, 36) is provided with at least one sealing spring (46) which presses the valve stem seal (4, 22, 32, 36) radially inwards against a valve stem (56) and / or wherein the valve stem guide seal (18, 22, 34, 38) is provided with at least one sealing spring (46) which presses the valve stem guide seal (18, 22, 34, 38) radially inwards against the valve stem guide (56).
- Valve rotating device with valve stem seal (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the valve rotating device (6) comprises a disk spring (44), rolling elements (40) and springs as well as preferably at least one rolling or plain bearing.
- Valve rotating device with valve stem seal (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spring support (10) has an anti-rotation protection (50) for the valve spring (12) and / or wherein the spring plate (26) has an anti-rotation protection (48) for the valve spring (12).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102021106307.8A DE102021106307A1 (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2021-03-16 | Valve stem device with valve turning device |
PCT/EP2021/081803 WO2022194407A1 (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2021-11-16 | Valve stem seal comprising a valve rotating device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4264021A1 EP4264021A1 (en) | 2023-10-25 |
EP4264021B1 true EP4264021B1 (en) | 2024-05-22 |
Family
ID=78790016
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21815156.1A Active EP4264021B1 (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2021-11-16 | Valve stem seal comprising a valve rotating device |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US12049836B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4264021B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102021106307A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL4264021T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2022194407A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH279054A (en) | 1944-10-26 | 1951-11-15 | Thompson Prod Inc | Device for rotating a lift valve of an engine. |
DE1264859B (en) | 1963-07-19 | 1968-03-28 | Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc | Device for sealing the valve stem guide of internal combustion engine valves |
DE1243934B (en) | 1965-06-14 | 1967-07-06 | Dana Corp | Valve stem seal |
DE2208466A1 (en) | 1972-02-23 | 1973-08-30 | Schaeffler Ohg Industriewerk | DEVICE FOR ROTATING A CONTROL VALVE |
DE3128086A1 (en) * | 1981-07-16 | 1983-02-03 | Märkisches Werk GmbH, 5884 Halver | Valve rotation device III |
US4470383A (en) | 1983-07-25 | 1984-09-11 | General Motors Corporation | Valve spring damper |
US5775284A (en) * | 1997-05-07 | 1998-07-07 | Freudenberg-Nok General Partnership | Two-piece valve stem seal |
US6119645A (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2000-09-19 | Dana Corporation | Valve stem seal with non-rotatable retainer |
US6244235B1 (en) * | 2000-04-18 | 2001-06-12 | Dana Corporation | Heavy-duty valve stem seal assembly |
DE10325764B3 (en) | 2003-06-05 | 2005-08-04 | Carl Freudenberg Kg | Valve stem seal for internal combustion engines |
US6901902B1 (en) * | 2004-02-25 | 2005-06-07 | Freudenberg-Nok General Partnership | Two-piece valve stem seal |
CA2521353A1 (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2006-03-29 | Dana Corporation | Upside-down square-up valve stem seal |
EP1939413B1 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2010-07-21 | CORCOS INDUSTRIALE S.a.s. di Externa Italia S.r.l. | A valve assembly for an internal combustion engine, comprising a valve and a gasket fitted coaxially onto said valve |
JP6083398B2 (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2017-02-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Valve rotation device |
DE102017126541B3 (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-11-22 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | Valve turning device for internal combustion engines |
JP2020169586A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-10-15 | マツダ株式会社 | Valve gear for engine |
-
2021
- 2021-03-16 DE DE102021106307.8A patent/DE102021106307A1/en active Pending
- 2021-11-16 WO PCT/EP2021/081803 patent/WO2022194407A1/en active Application Filing
- 2021-11-16 PL PL21815156.1T patent/PL4264021T3/en unknown
- 2021-11-16 EP EP21815156.1A patent/EP4264021B1/en active Active
- 2021-11-16 US US18/550,620 patent/US12049836B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US12049836B2 (en) | 2024-07-30 |
PL4264021T3 (en) | 2024-08-26 |
DE102021106307A1 (en) | 2022-09-22 |
WO2022194407A1 (en) | 2022-09-22 |
EP4264021A1 (en) | 2023-10-25 |
US20240141810A1 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
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