EP4260940A1

EP4260940A1 - Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste and use thereof

Info

Publication number: EP4260940A1
Application number: EP23167853.3A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Tiago Agostini
Original assignee: Reason Panoply Lda
Current assignee: Reason Panoply Lda
Priority date: 2022-04-13
Filing date: 2023-04-13
Publication date: 2023-10-18

Abstract

Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste, characterized in that it comprises a crusher with jaw (103), a hopper (101) for receiving construction and demolition waste and feeding the crusher, a chassis (105) for supporting and transporting the crusher and the hopper (101) wherein the chassis (105) is a movable structure, for example of the trailer or towing type. The present description also concerns the use of the portable system in the recycling or reuse of construction and demolition waste.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present description concerns a portable system for crushing Construction and Demolition Waste (C&DW) and use thereof in recycling C&DW.

BACKGROUND

Construction and Demolition Waste Crushers are devices known for involving the crushing of various types of materials such as concrete blocks, concrete floors, ceramic pieces, bricks, glass or rocks.
US6915972B2 discloses a Construction and Demolition Waste crusher to be coupled and operated by a vehicle. However, this crusher is not autonomous and independent, since the movable jaw is moved by a vehicle, thus occupying a large space to be able to operate. In terms of safety, this crusher has no projected particle retention surface or feeder for an operator to deliver the materials to be crushed from a safe distance.
EP1600565A1 discloses a crusher. However, this crusher is not easily transported as it does not have any structure that can be easily towed or hitched. This crusher is not compact as the rotor is driven by propulsion means arranged outside the crushing body. It also does not disclose the ability to choose the granulometry of the processed inert waste, therefore there is no control over their dimensions.
These facts are described in order to illustrate the technical problem solved by the embodiments of the present document.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

It is an objective of the present embodiments to provide a solution for an improved crushing, namely, greater portability, lower noise, higher crushing speed, less wear on the crushing parts, less generation of dust and greater safety, for example, through less projection of particles to the surrounding environment.
The present embodiments have several technical advantages, such as:

ease of demobilization, due to its small size, the trailer-type chassis and, in its implementation, the diesel or electric engine;
placement in small spaces, either outside or inside a building, house or shop, due to the reduced dimensions thereof;
production of inert waste with different granulometries, due to an integrated sieve;
reuse of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) at the site of application, as in a construction where demolition is planned one can take advantage of this demolished material to reuse it in the work itself. In case there is no need to reuse these materials, they will be sent to other construction works or building sites.

CDWs are selected among 17 01 01 - Concrete, 17 01 02 - Bricks, 17 01 03 - Tiles, roof tiles and ceramic materials, 17 01 07 - Mixtures of concrete, bricks, tiles, roof tiles and ceramic materials, 17 02 02 - Glass, 17 03 02 - Bituminous mixtures not covered in 17 01 01, 17 05 04 - Soils and rocks, and 17 09 04 - Mixtures of construction and demolition waste.
The present disclosure relates to a portable system for crushing Construction and Demolition Waste (CDWs) characterized in that it comprises a crusher, a hopper for receiving the CDWs and feed the crusher, a movable chassis for supporting and transporting the crusher and hopper, wherein the crusher comprises:

a first jaw;
a second jaw with a pivoting axis at a first end and free at a second end, and with an intermediate attachment point between the first end and the second end;
a drive motor,
an eccentric shaft rotatably driven by said motor,
an arm connected between the eccentric part of said shaft and the intermediate attachment point of the second jaw.

In an embodiment, each jaw comprises a wear plate.
In an embodiment, the wear plate of each jaw comprises protrusions, wherein the protrusions of the first jaw are recessed with respect to the protrusions of the second jaw.
In an embodiment, the first jaw is fixed.
In an embodiment, the first jaw is adjustable, and is fixed to a pivoting axis at a first end and is fixed in a displaceable manner to said crusher at a second end.
In an embodiment, the first jaw is fixed at a second end to an attachment point of a plurality of attachment points of said crusher, for providing a plurality of advances of the first jaw, in particular said plurality of attachment points comprising five attachment points.
In an embodiment, said pivoting axis or axes are exclusively rotatable.
An embodiment comprises at least one sieve connected to an outlet of the crusher for separating by granulometry the inert waste exiting the crusher, the sieve comprising a vibrating motor for vibrating said sieve or sieves.
An embodiment comprises a plurality of sieves of different particle sizes, preferably 3 sieves.
An embodiment comprises a conveyor belt or conduit for feeding the hopper of the crusher.
An embodiment comprises, at the exit of each sieve, a conveyor belt or conduit.
In an embodiment the portable system comprises an electric motor and/or an internal combustion engine.
In an embodiment, the drive motor is an electric motor or an internal combustion engine, e.g., diesel.
In an embodiment, the construction and demolition materials are concrete, bricks, tiles, roof tiles and ceramic materials, mixtures of concrete, bricks, tiles, roof tiles and ceramic materials, glass, bituminous mixtures, soils and rocks, and mixtures of construction and demolition waste.
An embodiment comprises a plurality of lubrication cups positioned on the crusher's stub.
An embodiment has a crushing capacity from 1.5 to 6 m³ per hour.
In an embodiment, the hopper and the sieve, or sieves, are dismountable.
An embodiment further comprises one or more steps for access by an operator.
An embodiment comprises, upstream of the crusher hopper, a vibrating feeder for separating Construction and Demolition Waste before crushing.
An embodiment further comprises a set of light indicators for lighting and signalling.
The use of the portable system for crushing Construction and Demolition Waste of any of the preceding claims is also described, characterized in that it is used in the recycling or reuse of construction and demolition waste.
The present disclosure further refers to a portable system for crushing Construction and Demolition Waste characterized in that it comprises:

a crusher with movable jaw,
a hopper for receiving Construction and Demolition Waste and feeding the crusher, and
a chassis for supporting and transporting the crusher and the hopper, and
wherein the crusher comprises at least 5 positions at the crushing jaws,
wherein the crusher inlet is connected to the hopper,
wherein the chassis is a towing or trailer-type structure.

In an embodiment, the portable system for crushing Construction and Demolition Waste comprises at least one sieve connected to the crusher outlet for separating by granulometry the inert waste exiting the crusher.
In an embodiment, the sieve comprises a vibrating motor and a net, preferably two nets.
In an embodiment, the construction and demolition materials are concrete blocks, concrete floors, ceramic floors/parts, brick, glass, different types of rocks such as granite, limestone, marble and shale, or a combination of these materials.
In an embodiment, the chassis is a towing or trailer-type structure so that it can be easily transported attached to a vehicle or moved using a small trailer.
In an embodiment, the portable system for crushing Construction and Demolition Waste comprises a plurality of sieves, preferably 3 sieves, more preferably 5 sieves.
In an embodiment, the nets of the plurality of sieves have different sizes.
In an embodiment, the crusher is fed by a conveyor belt or manually.
In an embodiment, the crusher with movable jaw comprises a plurality of lubrication cups positioned on the crusher's stub.
The recycling of Construction and Demolition Waste is carried out using the present disclosure with separation through a sieve.
In an embodiment, the sieve separates 3 types of inert waste with different granulometries.
In a further embodiment, the portable system for crushing Construction and Demolition Waste produces inert waste of large granulometry, also called Tout-Venante, wherein the crusher outlet is free, that is, the inert waste is not sieved.
Through the present description, the granulometry of the inert waste resulting from crushing is defined in two ways: by the net(s) of the sieve(s) and/or by the positions at the crushing jaws, preferably 3 types of sieves and 5 positions at the crushing jaws.
In an embodiment, the hopper is detachable in order to allow access to the jaws so that they can be replaced more easily.
In an embodiment, the hopper and the sieve are dismountable.
In an embodiment, the system is towed with the hopper, the crusher and the chassis fixed without creating any lack of safety during transport, that is, they do not need to be dismantled for transport.
In an embodiment, the system produces 1 to 3 particle sizes of material with inert waste separation through a sieve inserted in the equipment itself.
In an embodiment, the crusher comprises a rubber seal between the jaws and the motor, wherein the rubber seal is of the reinforced black natural rubber type.
In an embodiment, the system for crushing Construction and Demolition Waste, without sieves, is 1.52 m high; 56 cm wide; 1.14 m long.
In an embodiment, the system for crushing Construction and Demolition Waste comprises a safety mechanism, such as an electromagnetic clutch, a general switch and general cut-off button mounted on the sides of the equipment and on the general control panel. Their objective is to cut the power to the equipment in general and, in this way, to stop the mechanisms subject to movement.
In an embodiment, the system further comprises ladder-type steps, which can be fitted on both sides of the chassis so that a worker can view the inside of the hopper and the jaws, as well as to unclog any piece of CDW that is jamming the crusher.
In an embodiment, the system comprises a vibrating feeder upstream of the crusher for separating the inert waste before crushing.
In an embodiment, the system comprises a remote interface for turning the system on and off, for example a control via radio or wireless communications.
In an embodiment, the system further comprises a set of lights, or beacons, for lighting and signalling.
In an embodiment, the system further comprises a brake for blocking the trailer wheels.
In an embodiment, the system comprises a door to access the interior of the crusher in order, for example, to be able to solve any jamming issue.
In an embodiment, the system comprises four detachable support feet, configured for supporting the respective system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For an easier understanding, figures are herein attached, which represent preferred embodiments which are not intended to limit the object of the present description.

Figures 1A-1B -1C: Schematic representation of two embodiments of the system with a crusher with movable jaw to crush Construction and Demolition Waste with and without a set of sieves.
Figure 2 : Schematic representation of an embodiment of the towing/trailer-type chassis.
Figure 3 : Schematic representation of an embodiment of the crusher.
Figure 4 : Schematic representation of an embodiment of the hopper.
Figure 5A : Schematic representation of a lubrication cup positioned on the crusher jaws.
Figure 5B : Schematic representation of a plurality of lubrication cups positioned on the crusher's stub.
Figure 6 : Schematic representation of the position of the bronze bushing on the crusher's stub.
Figure 7A : Schematic representation of the crusher jaws.
Figure 7B : Schematic representation of an embodiment of the crusher with an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
Figure 8 : Schematic representation of the electrical circuit of the crusher.
Figure 9 : Schematic representation of a plan view comprising the crushing system.
Figure 10 : Table with the sieve mesh and representation of the format of different granulometries of crushed stone.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present description concerns a crusher with a movable jaw for crushing Construction and Demolition Waste. In particular, a portable device for crushing Construction and Demolition Waste, characterized in that it comprises a crusher with movable jaw, a hopper for receiving the Construction and Demolition Waste and feeding the crusher, one sieve for separating the crushed Construction and Demolition Waste by granulometry and a chassis for supporting and transporting the crusher, the sieve and the hopper.
In an embodiment, Figures 1A-1B -1C show a schematic representation of two embodiments of the system for crushing Construction and Demolition Waste with and without a set of sieves, wherein 101 represents a hopper, 102 represents a fitting for a detachable ladder, 103 represents a crusher with movable jaw, 104 represents the trailer arm, 105 represents a chassis, and 106 represents a set of sieves.
In an embodiment, the chassis is connected to a vehicle and towed thereby.
In an embodiment, Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the towing/trailer-type chassis (105), wherein 201 represents the rims and 203 represents the support feet for when the system is not being transported.
In an embodiment, Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the crusher with movable jaw (103), wherein 301 represents a wear plate and 303 represents an engine.
In an embodiment, the crusher with movable jaw is a metallic structure comprising four fixed surfaces - two side surfaces, a crushing surface opposite to a movable surface and a base for the exit of inert waste - and a movable surface. This set is responsible for crushing the materials inserted in the hopper.
In an embodiment, Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the hopper (101), thus allowing greater safety for a user as it is further away from the crusher feed location (103), as well as creating a stock of material in the mouth of the jaws that allows obtaining weight of Construction and Demolition Waste so that the jaws can have underload for faster crushing.
In an embodiment, Figure 5A shows a schematic representation of a lubrication cup positioned on the crusher jaws, wherein 501 represents a lubrication cup on the crusher jaws.
In an embodiment, Figure 5B shows a schematic representation of the lubrication cups positioned on the crusher's stub, wherein 503 represents a plurality of lubrication cups on the stub.
In an embodiment, the lubrication cups (501 and 503) serve to reduce the rapid wear of the moving parts of the crusher.
In an embodiment, these lubrication cups must be replenished with lubricant regularly without excess or overflow thereof.
In an embodiment, Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of the position of the bronze bushing on the crusher's stub, wherein 601 represents the bronze bushing.
In an embodiment, Figure 7A shows a schematic representation of the crusher jaws, wherein 301 represents a wear plate, 701 represents a jaw, 104 represents the trailer arm, and 703 represents the exit of inert waste after being crushed.
In an embodiment, the jaws comprise wear plates, wherein the jaws are responsible for crushing and the wear plates for maintaining the rest of the equipment.
In an embodiment, at the outlet 703 at least one sieve is installed for separating the inert waste by different granulometries.
In an embodiment, a conveyor belt is installed at the exit of each sieve.
In an embodiment, Figure 7B shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the crusher with an electric motor and an internal combustion engine, wherein 101 represents a hopper, 103 represents a crusher with movable jaw, 104 represents the trailer arm, 703 represents the exit of inert waste after being crushed, 705 represents a combustion engine, and 707 represents an electric motor. Preferably, when the combustion engine 705 is running, the electric motor 707 is inactive or vice versa.
In an embodiment, Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of the electrical circuit that controls the crusher, wherein 801 represents the crusher motor, K represents a contactor, FT represents a relay, I and 0 represent two states of a general switch with key, corresponding, respectively, to the on and off state, and S1 represents an emergency button (not shown in the figures), being preferably a general cut-off button.
In an embodiment, the contactor is in the closed state and when activated it goes to the open state.
In an embodiment, the crusher's motor is a diesel or electric motor, for example, a 3kW (4HP) three-phase electric motor.
In an embodiment, the present system for crushing Construction and Demolition Waste has a crushing capacity of 1.5-6m³ per hour, depending on the type and granulometry of the material being processed.

The maximum crushing capacity of 6m³ per hour is verified if the material is, for example, concrete, ceramics, marble, brick or mortar mixtures. For harder materials, such as granite or marble, the maximum crushing capacity is 4.5m³ per hour, depending on the granulometry of the inert material as well.

Table 1: Typology and granulometry of inert waste from soils, rocks, marbles, shale, basalt, limestone or glass.

Typology of inert waste	Granulometry
Stone dust	0 - 4 mm
Crushed stone zero	4 - 8 mm
Crushed stone 1	8 - 16 mm
Crushed stone 2	11 - 22 mm
Crushed stone 3	16 - 32 mm
Crushed stone 4	38.0 mm to 76.0 mm
Tout - Venant	0 - 32 mm
Type
1 rockfill stone	80 - 120 mm
Type
2 rockfill stone	120 - 340 mm

Table 2: Typology of recycled aggregate inert waste from concrete, ceramics, bricks, roof tiles, mortar, tiles, bituminous mixtures or glass.

Typology of aggregate inert waste	Granulometry
Recycled cement aggregate powder	0 - 4 mm
Recycled aggregate 0	4 - 8 mm
Recycled aggregate 1	8 - 16 mm
Recycled aggregate 2	11- 22 mm
Recycled aggregate 3	16 - 32 mm
Recycled aggregate 4	38.0 mm to 76.0 mm
Tout - Venant recycled aggregate	0-32 mm

The present disclosure can be used in the recycling/reuse of construction and demolition waste.
The present disclosure has several advantages, namely the fact that it is a compact system behaving as a mini in-situ production plant for recycling Construction and Demolition Waste in a small space, it is easily transportable serving several locations for recycling of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW), the flexibility of the type of Construction and Demolition Waste it can process, such as CDWs or waste materials in various granulometries. Thus, bringing added value to the construction of buildings, public works, concrete processing centres and municipalities, with the possibility of concentrating CDW in various spaces so that recycled materials can be reused later in future works and ensure that they are not dumped in uncontrolled areas.
In an embodiment, Figure 9 shows a schematic representation of a plant comprising the crushing system, wherein 1 represents a vibrating feeder, 2 represents a conveyor belt, 3 represents a crusher, 4 represents a set of separate inert waste, 5 represents a set of Construction and Demolition Waste that is not crushed, 6 represents a Construction and Demolition Waste deposit, 7 represents a loader, and 8 represents a stock of inert waste separated by granulometry.
In a further embodiment, the system comprises a vibrating feeder (1), four conveyor belts (2) from 3 to 12 meters in length and a mini loader (7), wherein the loader (7) helps in the separation of the CDW'S, places the Construction and Demolition Waste in the vibrating feeder and the inert waste already crushed in the respective places/silos in stock (8).
In an embodiment, the vibrating feeder (1) and conveyor belts (2) are configured for being disassembled and transported in a van or light trailer.
In an embodiment, Figure 10 shows a table with the sieve mesh and the representation of the format of different granulometries of crushed stone.
The term "comprises" or "comprising" when used herein is intended to indicate the presence of the features, elements, integers, steps and components mentioned, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, integers, steps and components, or groups thereof.
The present invention is of course in no way restricted to the embodiments described herein and a person of ordinary skill in the art can foresee many possibilities of modifying it and replacing technical features with equivalents depending on the requirements of each situation as defined in the appended claims.
The following claims define further embodiments of the present description.

Claims

Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste, characterized in that it comprises a crusher, a hopper (101) for receiving the construction and demolition waste and feeding the crusher, a movable chassis (105) for supporting and transporting the crusher and the hopper (101), wherein the crusher comprises:
a first jaw;

a second jaw with a pivoting axis at a first end and free at a second end, and

with an intermediate attachment point between the first end and the second end;

a drive motor (303);

an eccentric shaft rotatably driven by said motor;

an arm connected between the eccentric part of said shaft and the intermediate attachment point of the second jaw.
Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste according to the preceding claim, wherein each jaw comprises a wear plate (301); preferably wherein the wear plate (301) of each jaw comprises protrusions, wherein the protrusions of the first jaw (701) are recessed with respect to the protrusions of the second jaw.
Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first jaw (701) is fixed.
Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first jaw (701) is adjustable, and is fixed to a pivoting axle at a first end and is fixed in a displaceable manner to said crusher at a second end; preferably wherein the first jaw (701) is fixed at a second end to an attachment point of a plurality of attachment points of said crusher, for providing a plurality of advances of the first jaw (701), in particular said plurality of attachment points comprising five attachment points.
Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said pivoting axle or axles are exclusively rotatable.
Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one sieve connected to an outlet of the crusher for separating by granulometry the inert waste exiting the crusher, wherein the sieve comprises a vibrating motor for vibrating said sieve or sieves (106); preferably comprising a plurality of sieves (106) of different granulometries; more preferably 3 sieves (106).
Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a conveyor belt or conduit for feeding the hopper (101) of the crusher.
Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste according to claim 6, comprising, at the exit of each sieve, a conveyor belt or conduit.
Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive motor (303) is an electric motor and/or an internal combustion engine.
Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the construction and demolition materials are concrete, bricks, tiles, roof tiles and ceramic materials, mixtures of concrete, bricks, tiles, roof tiles and ceramic materials, glass, bituminous mixtures, soils and rocks, and mixtures of construction and demolition waste.
Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the crusher with movable jaw (103) comprises a plurality of lubrication cups positioned on the crusher's stub.
Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the hopper (101) and the sieve, or sieves, (106) are dismountable.
Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising one or more steps for access by an operator.
Portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising upstream of the crusher hopper (101) a vibrating feeder for separating the construction and demolition waste before crushing.
Use of the portable system for crushing construction and demolition waste according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is used for recycling or reusing construction and demolition waste.