EP4259214A1 - Pharmaceutical composition containing propofol, a cyclodextrin or a cyclodextrin derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt - Google Patents
Pharmaceutical composition containing propofol, a cyclodextrin or a cyclodextrin derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable saltInfo
- Publication number
- EP4259214A1 EP4259214A1 EP21831313.8A EP21831313A EP4259214A1 EP 4259214 A1 EP4259214 A1 EP 4259214A1 EP 21831313 A EP21831313 A EP 21831313A EP 4259214 A1 EP4259214 A1 EP 4259214A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cyclodextrin
- propofol
- equal
- solution
- less
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- OLBCVFGFOZPWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propofol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1O OLBCVFGFOZPWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 229960004134 propofol Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 60
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 33
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229940097362 cyclodextrins Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N beta-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- ODLHGICHYURWBS-LKONHMLTSA-N trappsol cyclo Chemical compound CC(O)COC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](COCC(C)O)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](COCC(C)O)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](COCC(C)O)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](COCC(C)O)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)COCC(O)C)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1COCC(C)O ODLHGICHYURWBS-LKONHMLTSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229960004853 betadex Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001116 FEMA 4028 Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Chemical group OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011175 beta-cyclodextrine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910014585 C2-Ce Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 92
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 19
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 11
- -1 2-hydroxypropyl groups Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007972 injectable composition Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010591 solubility diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010029155 Nephropathy toxic Diseases 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000417 nephrotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000007694 nephrotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000036407 pain Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001450 Alpha-Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241001535291 Analges Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000008043 acidic salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940126601 medicinal product Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000003589 nefrotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000381 nephrotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940097346 sulfobutylether-beta-cyclodextrin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008215 water for injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- YXFNFSBQEDFMHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfoethoxy)ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCOCCS(O)(=O)=O YXFNFSBQEDFMHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014755 Eruca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000024675 Eruca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010018910 Haemolysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005679 Peltier effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002463 Sveinsson chorioretinal atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003444 anaesthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012455 biphasic mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940124645 emergency medicine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008588 hemolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002949 hemolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyl Chemical compound [OH] TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002727 hyperosmolar Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002634 lipophilic molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002678 macrocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N reserpine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]2C[C@@H]3C4=C(C5=CC=C(OC)C=C5N4)CCN3C[C@H]2C1)C(=O)OC)OC)C(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004964 sulfoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000825 ultraviolet detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012905 visible particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/69—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
- A61K47/6949—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes
- A61K47/6951—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes using cyclodextrin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
- A61K31/05—Phenols
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/02—Inorganic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
- C08B37/0009—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid alpha-D-Glucans, e.g. polydextrose, alternan, glycogen; (alpha-1,4)(alpha-1,6)-D-Glucans; (alpha-1,3)(alpha-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. isolichenan or nigeran; (alpha-1,4)-D-Glucans; (alpha-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. pseudonigeran; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0012—Cyclodextrin [CD], e.g. cycle with 6 units (alpha), with 7 units (beta) and with 8 units (gamma), large-ring cyclodextrin or cycloamylose with 9 units or more; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0015—Inclusion compounds, i.e. host-guest compounds, e.g. polyrotaxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
- C08L5/16—Cyclodextrin; Derivatives thereof
Definitions
- composition containing propofol, a cyclodextrin or a cyclodextrin derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
- Propofol is a highly fat-soluble compound. It is therefore today essentially administered in the form of a lipophilic-in-hydrophilic emulsion (oil in water). Marketed emulsions are always formed using soybean oil, phospholipids extracted from the egg and glycerol. This emulsion is sterilized by terminal sterilization, and not by terminal filtration, the globules having an unsuitable average size to be able to pass through the filter. As sterilization needs to be carried out in a rotary mode, the preparation of the emulsion can therefore only be carried out industrially.
- Document CA 2 474 710 A relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing a complex of propofol and a water-soluble cyclodextrin, 2-hydroxy-propyl-beta-cyclodextrin.
- This composition is in freeze-dried form.
- the propofol:cyclodextrin molar ratio is 1:>1, in particular 1:1.5 to 1:2.
- the degree of substitution of the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin is preferably between 2.5 and 9.0 and more preferably between 4.6 and 5.1 2-hydroxypropyl groups per molecule of beta-cyclodextrin.
- this value is related to the number of glucopyranose units in the beta-cyclodextrin, one obtains (the beta-cyclodextrin contains 7 glucopyranose units) a degree of substitution of 0.35 to 1.28, preferably 0 .66 to 0.73.
- the average degree of substitution used is equal to 4.6, i.e. 0.657 if one relates to the number of glucopyranose units.
- US 7,034,013 B2 relates to a liquid pharmaceutical composition which comprises propofol, a sulfo alkyl ether of cyclodextrin and a liquid carrier.
- Cyclodextrin ether has less haemolytic power than hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrins. More generally, it describes liquid and transparent compositions of propofol and a cyclodextrin alkyl ether called Captisol®.
- the molar ratio of sulfo ethyl ether: propofol ranges from 1:1 to 5:1 which indicates that a molecule of propofol is complexed with one or more molecules of the sulfur alkyl ether of cyclodextrin.
- the complexation (solubilization) of propofol takes from 2 to 10 hours.
- the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin is first dissolved in a sodium hydroxide solution and then the propofol is added.
- the final composition has a pH of 9-10 and is not transparent since it must be filtered by means of a filter having a pore size of 0.45 ⁇ m.
- 1 g of propofol was mixed with 14.68 g of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin but due to the presence of insoluble matter removed by filtration, it is difficult to determine which mass of propofol has actually been complexed and therefore solubilized.
- this solution cannot be sterilized by filtration because the pores of the sterilizing filter are quickly clogged with suspended solids. Furthermore, the problem of the indeterminacy of the quantity of propofol dissolved and of the basic pH makes the composition unusable in medicine and in particular for administration by the parenteral route.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a new composition containing propofol and a cyclodextrin and/or a cyclodextrin derivative.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition which makes it possible to complex a given quantity of propofol with an optimized quantity of cyclodextrin(s) and/or cyclodextrin derivative(s).
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a propofol composition which can be administered parenterally and more particularly intravascularly, that is to say injected into the blood system of a patient.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an injectable composition of propofol which is simple and quick to implement.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an injectable composition of propofol which can be sterilized by filtration on a suitable membrane.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an injectable composition whose parenteral administration is potentially less painful.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an injectable composition which is isosmolar and/or has a pH suitable for use intravascularly.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition which is stable over time.
- the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising propofol and at least one cyclodextrin and/or a cyclodextrin derivative according to claim 1 of the present application.
- nephrotoxicity is due to cyclodextrin or the cyclodextrin derivative itself and the impurities it contains.
- impurities include beta cyclodextrin which is used in the synthesis of the derivative.
- the use of the salts as mentioned above makes it possible to modify the osmolality of the solution of propofol and of cyclodextrin or of cyclodextrin derivative which is used for the preparation of the composition of the invention, thus allowing an intravenous injection.
- composition of the invention comprises only one type of pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
- composition of the invention can be stored at a temperature of 2° C. to 8° C. for at least 6 weeks without any decomplexification of the propofol being observed.
- composition of the invention may be in the form of a powder, obtained by freeze-drying, for example, in the form of a gel, preferably having a viscosity allowing it to be injected, or in the form of a solution or 'a suspension.
- the composition of the invention when it comprises a solvent, can be sterilized by filtration without blocking the pores of the filter membrane.
- a mineral salt such as, for example, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulphate, sodium sulphate.
- the composition of the invention consists of propofol, at least one cyclodextrin and / or a cyclodextrin derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt with the exception of basic pharmaceutically acceptable salts and / or acids.
- the composition mainly contains a cyclodextrin derivative, the cyclodextrin being present as an impurity (less than 0.5% by mass). Cyclodextrin derivatives are less nephrotoxic than cyclodextrins themselves.
- the salt or salts can be chosen from:
- magnesium salts with the exception of acidic or basic magnesium salts, in particular, magnesium chloride and magnesium sulphate;
- the salt is an inorganic salt.
- Sodium chloride is to be preferred because in water it makes it possible to obtain physiological saline.
- the composition of the invention also contains a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, more particularly a polar solvent chosen from alcohols, water, carboxylic acids, amides and mixtures of at least two of these solvents.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent more particularly a polar solvent chosen from alcohols, water, carboxylic acids, amides and mixtures of at least two of these solvents.
- the composition of the invention when it comprises a solvent, has a viscosity suitable for administration by the parenteral route, in particular by the intravenous route, and/or a viscosity allowing its sterilization by filtration. .
- composition of the invention consists of the aforementioned solvent, advantageously water, a cyclodextrin derivative and a salt as mentioned above.
- the cyclodextrin derivative is a water-soluble derivative of cyclodextrin, more preferably of [3-cyclodextrin chosen from 2-hydroxyalkyl-[3-cyclodextrin and more preferably 2-hydroxypropyl-[3- cyclodextrin and from sulfurized alkyl ether derivatives of cyclodextrin and in particular sulfurized alkyl ether derivatives of [3-cyclodextrin.
- the injectable form of the composition of the invention is in the form of a solution and preferably in the form of a clear solution. It may in particular and preferably be a solution aqueous and advantageously of a solution containing only water as solvent.
- composition of the invention is an aqueous solution of propofol, 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin and sodium chloride and/or magnesium sulphate and/or magnesium chloride and/or sodium sulphate .
- the cyclodextrin can be chosen advantageously from p-cyclodextrins and said cyclodextrin derivative is advantageously chosen from derivatives of p-cyclodextrin in particular from the group formed by 2-hydroxyalkyl-beta-cyclodextrin, more particularly 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and sulfurized alkyl ethers of cyclodextrin of formula (II) below:
- n is an integer equal to 4, 5 or 6 and the radicals Ri to Rg are chosen independently of each other from an oxygen atom and an -O-(C2-C6 alkylene)-SO3 group ' and provided that at least R1 or R2 is a group -O-(C2-C6 alkylene)-SO3', preferably a group of formula -O-(CH2)mSO3 in which m is in all greater than or equal to 2 less than or equal to 6, preferably greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 4 and the groups Si to S9 are chosen independently of one another from pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
- the injectable composition has a viscosity allowing it to be sterilized by filtration and contains a controlled rate of particles formed by aggregation of propofol/cyclodextrin and/or propofol/cyclodextrin derivative complexes whose size exceeds 0.20 ⁇ m. It can therefore be sterilized by filtration.
- the complexes tend to form particles which can make the solution non-sterilizable by filtration. It is therefore the merit of the composition of the invention that it can be easily sterilized by filtration when it is in its injectable and in particular liquid form. It can thus easily be sterilized in a hospital environment, without complicated installation.
- the cyclodextrin derivative is 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin and it advantageously has an average degree of substitution of a glucopyranose unit equal to or greater than 0.50 and equal to or less than 0.71 and in particular equal to 0.69.
- Such a derivative has proven to be a good complexing agent for propofol, especially in water.
- the 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin has a molar mass equal to or greater than 1179 g and equal to or less than 1676 g and in particular equal at 1415.62g. Combined with the aforementioned average degree of substitution, a 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin is obtained which solubilizes propofol well.
- the composition of the invention contains only a cyclodextrin derivative which contains less than 0.5% by mass of beta-cyclodextrin.
- the cyclodextrin derivative contains by mass less than 0.5% of beta-cyclodextrin.
- This derivative is advantageously 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin.
- composition of the invention contains a solvent, it advantageously has a pH of less than 8 and greater than or equal to 6 and in particular equal to or greater than 6 and less than and less than or equal to 7.45 and/or an osmolatity equal to or greater than 280 mOsmol/kg and less than or equal to 300 mOsmol/kg.
- the composition of the invention when it is in solution, in particular in water, has a pH equal to or greater than 6 and equal to or less than 8 and in particular between 6.2 and 6.5 (limits excluded) or between 6.35 and 6.65 (limits excluded) and an osmolatity equal to or greater than 280 mOsmol/kg and less than or equal to 300 mOsmol/kg.
- a pH equal to or greater than 6 and equal to or less than 8 and in particular between 6.2 and 6.5 (limits excluded) or between 6.35 and 6.65 (limits excluded) and an osmolatity equal to or greater than 280 mOsmol/kg and less than or equal to 300 mOsmol/kg.
- the composition of the invention when it is in solution, in particular in water, has a pH equal to or greater than 7.35 and equal to or less than 7.45 and an osmolatity equal or greater than 280 mOsmol/kg and less than or equal to 300 mOsmol/kg.
- the pH values indicated correspond to the pH values of blood.
- the composition of the invention contains an amount of propofol equal to or greater than 0.2 g and in particular an amount of propofol equal to 1.0 g, an amount of cyclodextrin and/or cyclodextrin derivative equal to or greater than 3 g and in particular equal 18g, 17, 16, 15g or 14g, a quantity of salt equal to or greater than 0.3g or 1.5g.
- the solvents, the salts, the propofol, the cyclodextrin(s) and/or the cyclodextrin derivative(s) all have a degree of purity suitable for pharmaceutical use, in particular for parenteral administration.
- the composition of the invention has a propofol:[3-cyclodextrin and/or [3-cyclodextrin derivative] molar ratio of 1: ⁇ 2 and in particular 1: ⁇ 1.7.
- this molar ratio applies to a composition containing a solvent, in particular water, propofol and only a cyclodextrin derivative capable of complexing with propofol, in particular 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin and more particularly 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin defined in the following examples.
- the pain of propofol injection is due to the presence of free propofol in the emulsion.
- the small amount of free propofol (the propofol is completely complexed in the case of the invention) as well as a pH close to the physiological pH and an osmolality of the solution close to the physiological osmolality allows reduce pain on injection.
- the present invention also relates to a process for the manufacture of a composition according to the invention.
- said pharmaceutically acceptable salt is added with stirring to a mixture of propofol and cyclodextrin and/or cyclodextrin derivative at room temperature or at a temperature equal to or greater than 2°C and equal to or less than 20°C.
- the mixture is mixed so as to obtain a solution, which is preferably clear, then the solution obtained is optionally sterilized by filtration.
- the temperature equal to or greater than 2°C and equal to or less than 20°C makes it possible to reduce the quantity of cyclodextrin/cyclodextrin derivative used to complex a given quantity of propofol compared to the quantity of cyclodextrin/cyclodextrin derivative used to complex the same amount of propofol given at room temperature.
- the temperature is above 2°C and below 15°C, or above 2°C and below 10°C, or above 2°C and below 8°C
- Propofol complexation is visible to the naked eye. When all the propofol is complexed, a clear liquid solution is obtained. If uncomplexed propofol remains, an opalescent, yellow or white solution or even a biphasic mixture is obtained. Adding salt before or during the addition of propofol to the cyclodextrin derivative or cyclodextrin solution enhances the complexation forces. The inventors have demonstrated that the addition of salt after the cyclodextrin/cyclodextrin derivative increases the stability of the complexation of propofol.
- said cyclodextrin/cyclodextrin derivative is dissolved in said solvent, in particular in water, then propofol is added, then said salt optionally dissolved in a quantity of solvent, in particular water; a quantity of solvent (in particular water) is then added to obtain a clear solution (this solvent can also be water).
- the cyclodextrin and/or the cyclodextrin derivative is dissolved in the solvent, in particular water, before adding the propofol. A clear solution of cyclodextrin/cyclodextrin derivative is therefore obtained before addition of propofol.
- the solution obtained is clear and can then be sterilized by filtration.
- the solution of the invention can then be stored at room temperature or refrigerated without observing any decomplexation of the propofol.
- an acid salt is defined as being an ionic compound which, in solution, releases H + ions or a counter ion which is capable of modifying the pH of the solution.
- a basic salt is defined as being an ionic compound which, in solution, releases OH' ions or a counterion which is capable of modifying the pH of the solution.
- a mineral salt is, within the meaning of the invention, a salt composed of two mineral ions, that is to say not comprising a carbon atom.
- cyclodextrin encompasses alpha, beta and gamma cyclodextrins.
- cyclodextrin derivative encompasses derivatives of alpha, beta and gamma cyclodextrins.
- a cyclodextrin derivative is a cyclodextrin molecule of which at least one atom has been substituted.
- propofol refers to 2,6-bis(propan-2-yl)phenol.
- injectable refers to a solution/composition which has a suitable viscosity to pass through the needle of an injection syringe commonly used in medicine.
- a solution especially a clear solution, can be administered by injection.
- average degree of substitution denote, within the meaning of the present invention, the average value of the number of protons substituted by a 2-hydroxypropyl group in each glucopyranose unit of the cyclodextrin derivative concerned.
- Fig. 1 represents the 95% accuracy profile of the propofol assay method, i.e. it represents the percentage error of the method as a function of the amount of propofol measured in mL.
- Fig. 2 represents the evolution of the concentration of dissolved propofol, calculated according to the method of Higuchi and Connors in mol of liquid composition according to the concentration (in mol) of each of the three 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrins, which differ by the degree of substitution of the glucopyranose units;
- FIG. 3 represents the solubilization test of the cyclodextrin HPB-LB in the presence of various excipients according to the method of Higuchi and Connors; in presence of different excipients, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride and glycerol, respectively.
- the quantity of propofol was determined by HPLC coupled with a visible UV spectrophotometer.
- the analyzes were carried out using a liquid chromatography chain (Thermo Scientific Ultimate 3000) fitted with a diode array UV detector (DAD 3000).
- Propofol was eluted on a C18 column (150x4 mm, particle size: 5 ⁇ m) and a Hypersil Gold pre-column (10x 5 mm, particle size 5 ⁇ m) maintained at a constant temperature of 25°C, thanks to a Peltier effect oven , (Ultimate TCC 3000).
- Elution was performed at a flow rate of 1 mL/min using a quaternary pump (Ultimate LPG 3400 SD).
- the mobile phase was composed of a mixture of a 25 mM ammoniacal buffer, pH 9.2 and acetonitrile (ratio of 52/48% for propofol).
- the Propofol peak is obtained at 13.5 minutes and analyzed at a wavelength of 270 nm.
- 2-Hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrins with different average degrees of substitution were tested.
- the average degree of substitution corresponds to the average number of propyl groups grafted onto the oxygen atom in position 2 of each glucose unit which forms [3-cyclodextrin.
- [3-Cyclodextrins have 7 glucose units per molecule.
- Three 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrins having respectively an average degree of substitution equal to or greater than 0.81 and equal to or less than 0.99 Kleptose® HP
- an average degree of substitution equal to or greater than 0.58 and equal to or less than 0.68 Kleptose® HPB
- an average degree of substitution equal to or greater than 0.50 and equal to or less than 0.71 Kleptose HPB-LB.
- Table 1 summarizes certain characteristics of the three 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrins.
- the average substitution rate is measured by proton NMR. It is calculated from the ratio of the integrations of the anomeric protons H 1 of the macrocycle, and those of the CH3 group present on the hydroxypropyl group.
- the average substitution rate is 0.69 ( ⁇ 2%).
- solubility tests were carried out and interpreted according to the solubility diagrams according to the method of Higuchi and Connors at 25°C in l. 'water.
- the solubility tests used here consist in carrying out measurements of the solubility of propofol at a given constant temperature (here 25° C.) using different amounts of cyclodextrin at a determined pH value. A large excess of propofol is added to 1.4 ml of the appropriate cyclodextrin solution. The resulting mixtures are vortexed for about 5 min and stirred at 25 ⁇ 0.5°C for 24 hours.
- the intrinsic solubility (S0) of propofol was determined directly in solution at pH between 6 and 7 at a temperature of 25°C.
- Kc slope / S0 (1 - slope).
- HPB-LB 13.04
- the quantity of HP[3CD HPB-LB is less to solubilize 1 g of propofol in comparison with the two other cyclodextrins.
- Kleptose® HPB-LB solubility comparable to Kleptose® HP in mol but with less cyclodextrin in view of Table 3 by mass and less impurity in view of Table 1. It was therefore decided to choose Kleptose® HPB-LB.
- propofol is a highly lipophilic molecule
- the impact of adding different excipients to HP[3CD was studied in order to optimize the amount of propofol solubilized.
- Formulation pre-tests in the presence of PEG 400 were carried out in the presence of water, propofol and the HP[3CD chosen in the previous paragraph.
- magnesium sulphate does not modify the complexation of propofol and therefore its solubilization in water for quantities of propofol less than or equal to 18mg/mL.
- magnesium is an important ion in the body, which has many recognized indications and which is very frequently used in anesthesia, resuscitation and emergency medicine. In the context of this formulation, no toxicity seems known at the quantities envisaged in the formulation.
- magnesium sulphate makes it possible to adjust the osmolality of the formulation and make it isosmolar to plasma.
- the invention proposes to prepare the propofol composition at a temperature between 2 and 8°C, and to use sodium chloride salts, and sodium sulphate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, and calcium sulfate to reduce the amount of cyclodextrin or its derivative necessary to solubilize propofol, as well as to improve its complexation.
- the positive effect on improving the complexation of propofol is obtained from a concentration of at least 0.3% by weight of added salt, and preferably at least 0.4% by weight of salt, in particular NaCl.
- the mass percentage of salt to be used can also be optimized depending on the salt chosen.
- a higher concentration of salt can be used, in particular in order to reach an osmolality of 280 mOsm/kg being optimal for the clinical use of this medicinal product by intravenous route.
- the osmolality of a medicinal product by injection is optimal when the isotonia is equal to that of plasma (280-300 mOsmol/L), which allows use by the peripheral route (currently used in the clinic ).
- the red blood cells In the event of injection of a hypo-osmolar solution, the red blood cells swell and burst, this is haemolysis. In the event of injection of a hyperosmolar solution, the red blood cells become deformed: the external environment is hypertonic, leading to the release of water from the red blood cells and therefore a phenomenon of plasmolysis.
- the invention also proposes to use a polar co-solvent, such as alcohols in order to further reduce the quantity of cyclodextrin necessary to solubilize and stabilize the propofol.
- a polar co-solvent such as alcohols
- Such a composition can be obtained as follows:
- solubilization of the DCs is carried out in 50 mL of ethanol; solubilization is longer than in water, but allows solubilization of all HPB-LB in a few minutes.
- One gram of propofol then 50 mL of water are then added; the whole is vortexed for 15 min.
- Table 3b Summary of cold solubilities at 8°C according to different quantities of cyclodextrins 14 and 15g, without excipient, and with excipient NaCl 0.4%, 0.8%, in the presence of 50% ethanol; 2% ethanol and 0.4% NaCl. (*: Osmolality not measurable). The unadjusted pH and osmolarity obtained with the different solutions is also indicated.
- Table 4 summarizes the intrinsic solubility of propofol in water in the presence of excipients and the stability constants of cyclodextrin HPB-LB in the presence of various excipients determined according to the method of Higuchi and Connors.
- Propofol 1% solution for injection is stored at room temperature or refrigerated. Preliminary tests suggest that this method of preservation is appropriate.
- the steps for dissolving the HP[3CD and the salt can be implemented at a temperature equal to or greater than 2°C and equal to or less than 20°C in order to reduce the quantity of cyclodextrin, and preferably less than 15°C. C, or less than 10° C.
- the HP[3CD is that chosen above.
- Formulation 1 in the presence of sodium chloride - protocol implemented at a temperature equal to or greater than 2°C and equal to or less than 20°C.
- the pH of the solution is between 6.35 and 6.65, osmolality between 280 and 300mOsmol/kg.
- Formulation 2 In the presence of magnesium sulfate protocol implemented at a temperature equal to or greater than 2°C and equal to or less than 20°C.
- the pH of the solution is between 6.2 and 6.5, osmolality between 280 and 290 mOsmol/kg (limits included).
- composition of the invention is therefore suitable for storage without the need for additional excipients.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising propofol and at least one cyclodextrin and/or a cyclodextrin derivative. Characteristically, according to the invention, it further comprises at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt, with the exception of basic and/or acidic pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
Description
Composition pharmaceutique contenant du propofol, une cyclodextrine ou un dérivé de cyclodextrine et un sel pharmaceuticalement acceptable Pharmaceutical composition containing propofol, a cyclodextrin or a cyclodextrin derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
Le propofol est un composé fortement liposoluble. Il est donc aujourd’hui, essentiellement administré sous forme d’émulsion de type lipophile dans hydrophile (huile dans l’eau). Les émulsions commercialisées sont toujours formées à l’aide d’huile de soja, de phospholipides extraits de l’œuf et de glycérol. Cette émulsion est stérilisée par stérilisation terminale, et non par filtration terminale, les globules ayant une taille moyenne inadaptée pour pouvoir passer à travers le filtre. La stérilisation nécessitant d’être réalisée sur un mode rotatif, la préparation de l’émulsion ne peut donc être réalisée qu’industriellement. Propofol is a highly fat-soluble compound. It is therefore today essentially administered in the form of a lipophilic-in-hydrophilic emulsion (oil in water). Marketed emulsions are always formed using soybean oil, phospholipids extracted from the egg and glycerol. This emulsion is sterilized by terminal sterilization, and not by terminal filtration, the globules having an unsuitable average size to be able to pass through the filter. As sterilization needs to be carried out in a rotary mode, the preparation of the emulsion can therefore only be carried out industrially.
L’injection de propofol reste douloureuse du fait du propofol libre au sein de l’émulsion.The injection of propofol remains painful because of the free propofol within the emulsion.
Le document CA 2 474 710 A concerne une composition pharmaceutique contenant un complexe de propofol et d’une cyclodextrine hydrosoluble, la 2 hydroxy-propyl-beta- cyclodextrine. Cette composition se trouve sous forme lyophilisée. Le ratio molaire propofol : cyclodextrine est 1 : >1 en particulier 1 : 1 ,5 à 1 : 2. Le degré de substitution de la 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrine est de préférence entre 2,5 et 9,0 et plus préférentiellement entre 4,6 et 5,1 de groupes 2-hydroxypropyl par molécule de beta- cyclodextrine. Si l’on rapporte cette valeur au nombre d’unité de glucopyranose dans la beta-cyclodextrine, on obtient (la beta-cyclodextrine contient 7 unités de glucopyranose) un degré de substitution de 0,35 à 1 ,28, de préférence de 0,66 à 0,73. Dans les exemples expérimentaux du document précité, le degré moyen de substitution utilisé est égal à 4,6 soit 0,657 si l’on se rapporte au nombre d’unités de glucopyranose. Document CA 2 474 710 A relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing a complex of propofol and a water-soluble cyclodextrin, 2-hydroxy-propyl-beta-cyclodextrin. This composition is in freeze-dried form. The propofol:cyclodextrin molar ratio is 1:>1, in particular 1:1.5 to 1:2. The degree of substitution of the 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin is preferably between 2.5 and 9.0 and more preferably between 4.6 and 5.1 2-hydroxypropyl groups per molecule of beta-cyclodextrin. If this value is related to the number of glucopyranose units in the beta-cyclodextrin, one obtains (the beta-cyclodextrin contains 7 glucopyranose units) a degree of substitution of 0.35 to 1.28, preferably 0 .66 to 0.73. In the experimental examples of the aforementioned document, the average degree of substitution used is equal to 4.6, i.e. 0.657 if one relates to the number of glucopyranose units.
Le document US 7 034 013 B2 concerne une composition pharmaceutique liquide qui comprend du propofol, un sulfo alkyl éther de cyclodextrine et un excipient liquide. L’éther de cyclodextrine présente un pouvoir hémolytique moins important que les hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrines. Il décrit de manière plus générale des compositions liquides et transparentes de propofol et d’un alkyl éther de cyclodextrine nommé Captisol®. Le ratio molaire sulfo éthyl éther : propofol va de 1 :1 à 5 :1 ce qui indique qu’une molécule de propofol est complexée par une ou plusieurs molécules de l’alkyl éther soufré de cyclodextrine. US 7,034,013 B2 relates to a liquid pharmaceutical composition which comprises propofol, a sulfo alkyl ether of cyclodextrin and a liquid carrier. Cyclodextrin ether has less haemolytic power than hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrins. More generally, it describes liquid and transparent compositions of propofol and a cyclodextrin alkyl ether called Captisol®. The molar ratio of sulfo ethyl ether: propofol ranges from 1:1 to 5:1 which indicates that a molecule of propofol is complexed with one or more molecules of the sulfur alkyl ether of cyclodextrin.
Le document US 7 138 387 B2 décrit une composition pharmaceutique de propofol et de 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrine dont le ratio massique propofol : HPBCD (hydropropyl-[3-cylodextrine) est de 1 :30 à 1 :60 ce qui correspond à un ratio molaire de 1 :3 à 1 :7. Cette composition peut être stérilisée par autoclave. Le degré de substitution de la HPBCD n’est pas indiqué. Cette composition contient une forte dose de 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrine, laquelle est néphrotoxique tout comme le sel de sodium de sulfobutyl-ether de beta-cyclodextrine en cas d’administration prolongée.Document US 7,138,387 B2 describes a pharmaceutical composition of propofol and 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin whose mass ratio propofol: HPBCD (hydropropyl-[3-cylodextrin) is from 1:30 to 1:60 which corresponds to a molar ratio of 1:3 to 1:7. This composition can be sterilized by autoclave. The degree of substitution of the HPBCD is not indicated. This composition contains a high dose of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, which is nephrotoxic like the sodium salt of sulfobutyl-ether beta-cyclodextrin in case of prolonged administration.
La publication intitulée « Evaluation of new propofol aqueous solutions for intravenous anesthesia >>, de Trapani, A. et al. et publiée dans Int. J. Pharm. 278, 91-98 en 2004 décrit des compositions contenant de la 2-hydropropyl-p-cyclodextrine dont le degré
de substitution est égal à 5,88 (ce qui correspond à un taux de substitution moyen par unité de glucopyranose égal à 0,84), de l’eau et du propofol. The publication entitled "Evaluation of new propofol aqueous solutions for intravenous anesthesia", by Trapani, A. et al. and published in Int. J.Pharm. 278, 91-98 in 2004 describes compositions containing 2-hydropropyl-p-cyclodextrin whose degree of substitution is equal to 5.88 (which corresponds to an average substitution rate per unit of glucopyranose equal to 0.84), water and propofol.
La publication de Wallentine, C. B., Shimode, N., Egan, T. D. & Pace, N. L. intitulée “Propofol in a modified cyclodextrin formulation : First human study of dose-response with emphasis on injection pain” et publiée dans la revue Anesth. Analg. 1 13, 738-741 en 201 1 décrit une composition de propofol et de sulfo-butyle éther-beta-cyclodextrine (Captisol®) dans de l’eau, sans informations sur la formulation, le procédé de fabrication, la quantité de dérivé de cyclodextrine, le pH ou l’osmolalité. Cette publication conclut que l’injection de cette solution n’est pas moins douloureuse que celle du propofol en émulsion. Ces résultats sont basés sur un faible échantillon de patients. The publication by Wallentine, C. B., Shimode, N., Egan, T. D. & Pace, N. L. entitled “Propofol in a modified cyclodextrin formulation: First human study of dose-response with emphasis on injection pain” and published in the journal Anesth. Analg. 1 13, 738-741 in 201 1 describes a composition of propofol and sulfo-butyl ether-beta-cyclodextrin (Captisol®) in water, without information on the formulation, the manufacturing process, the amount of derivative of cyclodextrin, pH or osmolality. This publication concludes that the injection of this solution is no less painful than that of propofol in emulsion. These results are based on a small sample of patients.
La publication de Trapani, G. et al. intitulée “Inclusion complexation of propofol with 2- hydroxypropyl-p- cyclodextrin Physicochemical, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic studies, and anesthetic properties in rat” et publiée dans la revue J. Pharm. Sci. 87, 514-518 en 1998 décrit une solution de propofol complexé par la 2- hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrine dont le taux de substitution moyen est de 1 ,0 ce qui correspond à un degré ou taux de substitution moyen par unité de glucopyranose dans la molécule d’hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrine égal à 0,14. Cette publication indique que la molécule de propofol est logée dans la cavité formée par la 2-hydroxypropyl- beta-cyclodextrine, le groupe OH du propofol dépassant de cette cavité. The publication by Trapani, G. et al. entitled “Inclusion complexation of propofol with 2- hydroxypropyl-p- cyclodextrin Physicochemical, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic studies, and anesthetic properties in rat” and published in the journal J. Pharm. Science. 87, 514-518 in 1998 describes a solution of propofol complexed with 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, the average degree of substitution of which is 1.0, which corresponds to an average degree or degree of substitution per unit of glucopyranose in the molecule of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin equal to 0.14. This publication indicates that the propofol molecule is housed in the cavity formed by 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, the OH group of propofol protruding from this cavity.
La publication de Bielen, S. J., Lysko, G. S. & Gough, W. B. intitulée “The effect of a cyclodextrin vehicle on the cardiovascular profile of propofol in rats” et publiée dans la revue Anesth. Analg. 82, 920-924 en1996 décrit des compositions contenant du propofol et de la 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrine et probablement de l’eau. Le degré de substitution de la 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrine n’est pas indiqué.The publication by Bielen, S. J., Lysko, G. S. & Gough, W. B. entitled “The effect of a cyclodextrin vehicle on the cardiovascular profile of propofol in rats” and published in the journal Anesth. Analg. 82, 920-924 in 1996 describes compositions containing propofol and 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and probably water. The degree of substitution of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin is not indicated.
Le document US 9 006 216 B2 indique qu’il est possible de solubiliser la base conjuguée du propofol, c’est-à-dire la forme ionique du propofol qui apparaît lorsque le radical hydroxyle perd un proton. Pour obtenir cette base, le propofol doit être à un pH basique, en particulier supérieur à 8 et de préférence de l’ordre de 8 à 1 1 . On est alors en présence de deux équilibres chimiques : l’équilibre acide base de propofol et l’équilibre de la réaction de complexation de la base du propofol. En conséquence, selon ce document, plus la solution est basique, plus la concentration de la base conjuguée du propofol est élevée et plus il est possible de solubiliser cette dernière avec de la 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrine. Selon ce document, la complexation (solubilisation) du propofol prend de 2 à 10 heures. On solubilise d’abord la 2- hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrine dans une solution de soude puis on ajoute le propofol. La composition finale a un pH de 9-10 et n’est pas transparente puisqu’elle doit être filtrée au moyen d’un filtre ayant une taille de pores de 0,45pm. 1 g de propofol a été mélangé avec 14,68g de 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrine mais du fait de la présence de matières insolubles retirées par filtration, il est difficile de déterminer quelle mase de propofol a réellement été complexée et donc solubilisée. Par ailleurs, cette solution ne peut pas être stérilisée par filtration car les pores du filtre stérilisant
sont rapidement bouchés par les matières en suspension. Par ailleurs, le problème de l’indétermination de la quantité de propofol solubilisée et du pH basique rend la composition inutilisable en médecine et notamment pour une administration par voie parentérale. Document US 9,006,216 B2 indicates that it is possible to solubilize the conjugate base of propofol, that is to say the ionic form of propofol which appears when the hydroxyl radical loses a proton. To obtain this base, the propofol must be at a basic pH, in particular greater than 8 and preferably of the order of 8 to 11. We are then in the presence of two chemical equilibriums: the acid base equilibrium of propofol and the equilibrium of the complexation reaction of the base of propofol. Consequently, according to this document, the more basic the solution, the higher the concentration of the conjugate base of propofol and the more it is possible to solubilize the latter with 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin. According to this document, the complexation (solubilization) of propofol takes from 2 to 10 hours. The 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin is first dissolved in a sodium hydroxide solution and then the propofol is added. The final composition has a pH of 9-10 and is not transparent since it must be filtered by means of a filter having a pore size of 0.45 μm. 1 g of propofol was mixed with 14.68 g of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin but due to the presence of insoluble matter removed by filtration, it is difficult to determine which mass of propofol has actually been complexed and therefore solubilized. Furthermore, this solution cannot be sterilized by filtration because the pores of the sterilizing filter are quickly clogged with suspended solids. Furthermore, the problem of the indeterminacy of the quantity of propofol dissolved and of the basic pH makes the composition unusable in medicine and in particular for administration by the parenteral route.
Un but de la présente invention est de proposer une nouvelle composition contenant du propofol et une cyclodextrine et/ou un dérivé de cyclodextrine. An object of the present invention is to provide a new composition containing propofol and a cyclodextrin and/or a cyclodextrin derivative.
Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer une composition qui permet de complexer une quantité de propofol donnée avec une quantité optimisée de cyclodextrine(s) et/ou de dérivé(s) de cyclodextrine. Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition which makes it possible to complex a given quantity of propofol with an optimized quantity of cyclodextrin(s) and/or cyclodextrin derivative(s).
Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer une composition de propofol qui puisse être administrée par voie parentérale et plus particulièrement par voie intravasculaire, c’est-à-dire injectée dans le système sanguin d’un patient. Another object of the present invention is to provide a propofol composition which can be administered parenterally and more particularly intravascularly, that is to say injected into the blood system of a patient.
Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer un procédé de fabrication d’une composition injectable de propofol qui est simple et rapide à mettre en oeuvre. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an injectable composition of propofol which is simple and quick to implement.
Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer une composition injectable de propofol qui peut être stérilisée par filtration sur une membrane adaptée. Another object of the present invention is to provide an injectable composition of propofol which can be sterilized by filtration on a suitable membrane.
Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer une composition injectable dont l’administration par voie parentérale soit potentiellement moins douloureuse. Another object of the present invention is to provide an injectable composition whose parenteral administration is potentially less painful.
Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer une composition injectable qui soit iso osmolaire et/ou présente un pH adapté à une utilisation par voie intravasculaireAnother object of the present invention is to provide an injectable composition which is isosmolar and/or has a pH suitable for use intravascularly.
Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer une composition qui soit stable dans le temps. Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition which is stable over time.
La présente invention concerne une composition pharmaceutique comportant du propofol et au moins une cyclodextrine et/ou un dérivé de cyclodextrine selon la revendication 1 de la présente demande. De manière caractéristique, selon l’invention, elle comprend en outre, au moins un sel pharmaceuticalement acceptable, à l’exception des sels pharmaceuticalement acceptables basiques et/ou acides. The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising propofol and at least one cyclodextrin and/or a cyclodextrin derivative according to claim 1 of the present application. Characteristically, according to the invention, it also comprises at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt, with the exception of basic and/or acidic pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
En effet, c’est le mérite des Inventeurs que d’avoir constaté qu’il était possible d’optimiser la quantité de cyclodextrine/dérivé de cyclodextrine pour solubiliser une même quantité donnée de propofol en ajoutant un sel, en particulier, un sel pharmaceuticalement acceptable tout en conservant un pH et une osmolalité permettant l’administration par voie intravasculaire de la composition de l’invention, lorsque cette dernière est sous forme d’une solution. Sans que les inventeurs ne soient liés par l’explication suivante, il semble que la présence d’ions dans la solution modifie la constante diélectrique de la solution ; la modification de cette constante diélectrique modifie l’équilibre entre la quantité de propofol complexé, la quantité de cyclodextrine ou dérivé de cyclodextrine solvatée et la quantité de propofol non complexé. On parvient ainsi à maintenir la quantité de cyclodextrine et/ou de dérivé de cyclodextrine non complexée mais solvatée présente dans la solution. En diminuant la quantité de
cyclodextrine et/ou de dérivé de cyclodextrine, on diminue ainsi le risque de néphrotoxicité de la composition de l’invention ; la néphrotoxicité est due à la cyclodextrine ou au dérivé de cyclodextrine lui-même et aux impuretés que ce dernier contient. Parmi ces impuretés, on compte la beta cyclodextrine qui sert à la synthèse du dérivé. Indeed, it is the merit of the inventors to have found that it was possible to optimize the amount of cyclodextrin / cyclodextrin derivative to solubilize the same given amount of propofol by adding a salt, in particular, a salt pharmaceutically acceptable while maintaining a pH and an osmolality allowing the intravascular administration of the composition of the invention, when the latter is in the form of a solution. Without the inventors being bound by the following explanation, it seems that the presence of ions in the solution modifies the dielectric constant of the solution; the modification of this dielectric constant modifies the balance between the quantity of complexed propofol, the quantity of solvated cyclodextrin or derivative of cyclodextrin and the quantity of non-complexed propofol. It is thus possible to maintain the quantity of cyclodextrin and/or of non-complexed but solvated cyclodextrin derivative present in the solution. By decreasing the amount of cyclodextrin and/or cyclodextrin derivative, the risk of nephrotoxicity of the composition of the invention is thus reduced; nephrotoxicity is due to cyclodextrin or the cyclodextrin derivative itself and the impurities it contains. These impurities include beta cyclodextrin which is used in the synthesis of the derivative.
L’utilisation des sels tels que précités permet de ne pas modifier le pH de la solution de propofol et de cyclodextrine ou de dérivé de cyclodextrine qui sert à la préparation de la composition de l’invention. The use of the salts as mentioned above makes it possible not to modify the pH of the solution of propofol and of cyclodextrin or of cyclodextrin derivative which is used for the preparation of the composition of the invention.
De plus, l’utilisation des sels tels que précités permet de modifier l’osmolalité de la solution de propofol et de cyclodextrine ou de dérivé de cyclodextrine qui sert à la préparation de la composition de l’invention permettant ainsi une injection intraveineuse. In addition, the use of the salts as mentioned above makes it possible to modify the osmolality of the solution of propofol and of cyclodextrin or of cyclodextrin derivative which is used for the preparation of the composition of the invention, thus allowing an intravenous injection.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la composition de l’invention ne comprend qu’un seul type de sel pharmaceuticalement acceptable. According to one embodiment, the composition of the invention comprises only one type of pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
Par ailleurs, il s’avère que la composition de l’invention peut être conservée à une température de 2°C à 8°C pendant au moins 6 semaines sans qu’il ne soit observé de dé-complexification du propofol. Furthermore, it turns out that the composition of the invention can be stored at a temperature of 2° C. to 8° C. for at least 6 weeks without any decomplexification of the propofol being observed.
La composition de l’invention peut se présenter sous la forme d’une poudre, obtenue par lyophilisation, par exemple, sous la forme d’un gel, de préférence ayant une viscosité permettant son injection ou sous la forme d’une solution ou d’une suspension.The composition of the invention may be in the form of a powder, obtained by freeze-drying, for example, in the form of a gel, preferably having a viscosity allowing it to be injected, or in the form of a solution or 'a suspension.
La publication intitulée « Solubility of cyclodextrins and drug/cyclodextrine complexes >> de Saokham, publiée en 2018 dans la revue Molecules dresse l’état des lieux des excipients utilisés pour augmenter la solubilité d’un composé pharmaceutiquement actif donné par complexation avec une cyclodextrine. Ainsi, divers excipients couramment utilisés dans les formulations pharmaceutiques, comme les acides organiques ou les bases, les sels organiques (contre-ions), les co-solvants, les ions métalliques et les polymères solubles dans l’eau, peuvent accroître l’efficacité de la complexation des cyclodextrines par stabilisation et solubilisation des molécules actives ou molécules d’intérêt /cyclodextrines. Cette publication indique également que dans la solution, il y a toujours un équilibre entre la molécule active en solution, la cyclodextrine seule dissoute dans la solution et le complexe cyclodextrine/molécule active dissout dans la solution. Elle indique également que les complexes de cyclodextrine ont tendance à s’agréger, formant des particules susceptibles de précipiter ou d’interférer sur sa filtration, en particulier la filtration stérilisante de la solution. The publication entitled "Solubility of cyclodextrins and drug/cyclodextrin complexes" by Saokham, published in 2018 in the journal Molecules, provides an overview of the excipients used to increase the solubility of a given pharmaceutically active compound by complexation with a cyclodextrin. Thus, various excipients commonly used in pharmaceutical formulations, such as organic acids or bases, organic salts (counterions), co-solvents, metal ions and water-soluble polymers, can increase the efficacy the complexation of cyclodextrins by stabilization and solubilization of the active molecules or molecules of interest/cyclodextrins. This publication also indicates that in the solution, there is always an equilibrium between the active molecule in solution, the cyclodextrin alone dissolved in the solution and the cyclodextrin/active molecule complex dissolved in the solution. It also indicates that cyclodextrin complexes tend to aggregate, forming particles that may precipitate or interfere with its filtration, in particular the sterilizing filtration of the solution.
Or, de manière surprenante, la composition de l’invention, lorsqu’elle comporte un solvant peut être stérilisée par filtration sans obturation des pores de la membrane filtrante. C’est en particulier le cas lorsque le solvant est en présence d’un sel minéral tel que, par exemple le chlorure de sodium, le chlorure de magnésium, le sulfate de magnésium, le sulfate de sodium. Les Inventeurs n’ont pas constaté la formation de complexes insolubles lors de l’utilisation de tels sels.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la composition de l’invention est constituée de propofol, d’au moins une cyclodextrine et/ou un dérivé de cyclodextrine et d’un sel pharmaceuticalement acceptable à l’exception des sels pharmaceuticalement acceptables basiques et/ou acides. However, surprisingly, the composition of the invention, when it comprises a solvent, can be sterilized by filtration without blocking the pores of the filter membrane. This is in particular the case when the solvent is in the presence of a mineral salt such as, for example, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulphate, sodium sulphate. The inventors have not observed the formation of insoluble complexes when using such salts. According to a particular embodiment, the composition of the invention consists of propofol, at least one cyclodextrin and / or a cyclodextrin derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt with the exception of basic pharmaceutically acceptable salts and / or acids.
Avantageusement, quelque que soit le mode de réalisation, la composition contient majoritairement un dérivé de cyclodextrine, la cyclodextrine étant présente à l’état d’impureté (moins de 0,5% en masse). Les dérivés de cyclodextrine sont moins néphrotoxiques que les cyclodextrines elles-mêmes. Advantageously, whatever the embodiment, the composition mainly contains a cyclodextrin derivative, the cyclodextrin being present as an impurity (less than 0.5% by mass). Cyclodextrin derivatives are less nephrotoxic than cyclodextrins themselves.
Le sel ou les sels peuvent être choisis parmi : The salt or salts can be chosen from:
- les sels de sodium, à l’exception des sels de sodium acides ou basiques, en particulier parmi le chlorure de sodium et le sulfate de sodium ; - sodium salts, with the exception of acidic or basic sodium salts, in particular among sodium chloride and sodium sulphate;
- les sels de magnésium, à l’exception des sels de magnésium acides ou basiques, en particulier, le chlorure de magnésium et le sulfate de magnésium ; - magnesium salts, with the exception of acidic or basic magnesium salts, in particular, magnesium chloride and magnesium sulphate;
- les sels de calcium, à l’exception des sels de calcium acides ou basiques, en particulier, le chlorure de calcium et le sulfate de calcium; - calcium salts, with the exception of acidic or basic calcium salts, in particular, calcium chloride and calcium sulphate;
De préférence, quel que soit le mode de réalisation, le sel est un sel minéral. Preferably, whatever the embodiment, the salt is an inorganic salt.
Le chlorure de sodium est à privilégier car dans de l’eau il permet d’obtenir du sérum physiologique. Sodium chloride is to be preferred because in water it makes it possible to obtain physiological saline.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier combinable avec chacun des autres modes de réalisation, la composition de l’invention contient en outre un solvant pharmaceuticalement acceptable, plus particulièrement un solvant polaire choisi parmi les alcools, l’eau, les acides carboxyliques, les amides et les mélanges d’au moins deux de ces solvants. According to a particular embodiment which can be combined with each of the other embodiments, the composition of the invention also contains a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, more particularly a polar solvent chosen from alcohols, water, carboxylic acids, amides and mixtures of at least two of these solvents.
Avantageusement, quel que soit le mode de réalisation, la composition de l’invention, lorsqu’elle comporte un solvant présente une viscosité adaptée pour une administration par voie parentérale, en particulier par voie intraveineuse, et/ou une viscosité permettant sa stérilisation par filtration. Advantageously, whatever the embodiment, the composition of the invention, when it comprises a solvent, has a viscosity suitable for administration by the parenteral route, in particular by the intravenous route, and/or a viscosity allowing its sterilization by filtration. .
Avantageusement, la composition de l’invention est constituée du solvant précité, avantageusement de l’eau, d’un dérivé de cyclodextrine et d’un sel tel que précité.Advantageously, the composition of the invention consists of the aforementioned solvent, advantageously water, a cyclodextrin derivative and a salt as mentioned above.
Avantageusement, quel que soit le mode de réalisation, le dérivé de cyclodextrine est un dérivé hydrosoluble de cyclodextrine, plus préférentiellement de [3-cyclodextrine choisi parmi les 2-hydroxyalkyl-[3-cyclodextrine et plus préférentiellement la 2- hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrine et parmi les dérivés alkyl éthers soufrés de cyclodextrine et en particulier les dérivés alkyl éthers soufrés de [3-cyclodextrine.Advantageously, whatever the embodiment, the cyclodextrin derivative is a water-soluble derivative of cyclodextrin, more preferably of [3-cyclodextrin chosen from 2-hydroxyalkyl-[3-cyclodextrin and more preferably 2-hydroxypropyl-[3- cyclodextrin and from sulfurized alkyl ether derivatives of cyclodextrin and in particular sulfurized alkyl ether derivatives of [3-cyclodextrin.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de la forme injectable de la composition de l’invention, elle se présente sous la forme d’une solution et de préférence sous la forme d’une solution limpide. Il peut s’agir en particulier et de préférence d’une solution
aqueuse et avantageusement d’une solution ne contenant que de l’eau en tant que solvant. According to a particular embodiment of the injectable form of the composition of the invention, it is in the form of a solution and preferably in the form of a clear solution. It may in particular and preferably be a solution aqueous and advantageously of a solution containing only water as solvent.
Avantageusement, la composition de l’invention est une solution aqueuse de propofol, de 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrine et de chlorure de sodium et/ou de sulfate de magnésium et/ou de chlorure de magnésium et/ou de sulfate de sodium. Advantageously, the composition of the invention is an aqueous solution of propofol, 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin and sodium chloride and/or magnesium sulphate and/or magnesium chloride and/or sodium sulphate .
Quel que soit le mode de réalisation, la cyclodextrine peut être choisie avantageusement parmi les p-cyclodextrines et ledit dérivé de cyclodextrine est choisi avantageusement parmi les dérivés de la p-cyclodextrine en particulier parmi le groupe formé des 2-hydroxyalkyl-béta-cyclodextrine, plus particulièrement la 2-hydroxypropyl- béta-cyclodextrine et des alkyl éthers soufrés de cyclodextrine de formule (II) suivante : Whatever the embodiment, the cyclodextrin can be chosen advantageously from p-cyclodextrins and said cyclodextrin derivative is advantageously chosen from derivatives of p-cyclodextrin in particular from the group formed by 2-hydroxyalkyl-beta-cyclodextrin, more particularly 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and sulfurized alkyl ethers of cyclodextrin of formula (II) below:
[Formule 1 ]
[Formula 1 ]
(II) dans laquelle : n est un entier égal à 4, 5 ou 6 et les radicaux Ri à Rg sont choisis indépendamment les uns des autres parmi un atome d’oxygène et un groupe -O-(C2-C6 alkylène)-SO3' et à la condition que au moins Ri ou R2 est un groupe -O-(C2-C6 alkylène)-SO3', de préférence un groupe de formule -O-(CH2)mSO3 dans laquelle m est en entier supérieur ou égal à 2 inférieur ou égal à 6, de préférence supérieur ou égal à 2 et inférieur ou égal à 4 et les groupements Si à S9 sont choisis indépendamment les uns des autres parmi les sels pharmaceutiquement acceptables. (II) in which: n is an integer equal to 4, 5 or 6 and the radicals Ri to Rg are chosen independently of each other from an oxygen atom and an -O-(C2-C6 alkylene)-SO3 group ' and provided that at least R1 or R2 is a group -O-(C2-C6 alkylene)-SO3', preferably a group of formula -O-(CH2)mSO3 in which m is in all greater than or equal to 2 less than or equal to 6, preferably greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 4 and the groups Si to S9 are chosen independently of one another from pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
Avantageusement, la composition injectable a une viscosité permettant sa stérilisation par filtration et contient un taux maîtrisé de particules formées par agrégation de complexes propofol/cyclodextrine et/ou propofol/dérivé de cyclodextrine dont la taille excède 0,20 pm. Elle peut donc être stérilisée par filtration. En effet, d’après la publication de Saokham précitée, les complexes ont tendance à former des particules lesquelles peuvent rendre la solution non stérilisable par filtration. C’est donc le mérite de la composition de l’invention que de pouvoir être facilement stérilisée par filtration lorsqu’elle se présente sous sa forme injectable et notamment liquide. Elle peut ainsi facilement être stérilisée en milieu hospitalier, sans installation compliquée.
Avantageusement, quel que soit le mode de réalisation, le dérivé de cyclodextrine est la 2-hydroxypropyl- [3-cyclodextrine et elle présente, de manière avantageuse un taux de substitution moyen d’un motif de glucopyranose égal ou supérieur à 0,50 et égal ou inférieur à 0,71 et en particulier égal à 0,69. Un tel dérivé s’est avéré être un bon complexant du propofol, en particulier dans l’eau. Advantageously, the injectable composition has a viscosity allowing it to be sterilized by filtration and contains a controlled rate of particles formed by aggregation of propofol/cyclodextrin and/or propofol/cyclodextrin derivative complexes whose size exceeds 0.20 μm. It can therefore be sterilized by filtration. Indeed, according to the aforementioned Saokham publication, the complexes tend to form particles which can make the solution non-sterilizable by filtration. It is therefore the merit of the composition of the invention that it can be easily sterilized by filtration when it is in its injectable and in particular liquid form. It can thus easily be sterilized in a hospital environment, without complicated installation. Advantageously, whatever the embodiment, the cyclodextrin derivative is 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin and it advantageously has an average degree of substitution of a glucopyranose unit equal to or greater than 0.50 and equal to or less than 0.71 and in particular equal to 0.69. Such a derivative has proven to be a good complexing agent for propofol, especially in water.
Avantageusement, selon un mode de réalisation combinable avec l’un quelconque des modes de réalisation précités, la 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrine a une masse molaire égale ou supérieure à 1 179 g et égale ou inférieure à 1676 g et en particulier égal à 1415,62g. Combiné avec le taux de substitution moyen précité, on obtient une 2- hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrine qui solubilise bien le propofol. Advantageously, according to an embodiment that can be combined with any one of the aforementioned embodiments, the 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin has a molar mass equal to or greater than 1179 g and equal to or less than 1676 g and in particular equal at 1415.62g. Combined with the aforementioned average degree of substitution, a 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin is obtained which solubilizes propofol well.
Avantageusement afin de réduire la néphrotoxicité de la composition de l’invention, elle contient uniquement un dérivé de cyclodextrine lequel contient moins de 0,5% en masse de beta-cyclodextrine. En particulier, le dérivé de cyclodextrine contient en masse moins de 0,5% de beta-cyclodextrine. Ce dérivé est avantageusement la 2- hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrine. Advantageously, in order to reduce the nephrotoxicity of the composition of the invention, it contains only a cyclodextrin derivative which contains less than 0.5% by mass of beta-cyclodextrin. In particular, the cyclodextrin derivative contains by mass less than 0.5% of beta-cyclodextrin. This derivative is advantageously 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin.
Lorsque la composition de l’invention contient un solvant, elle présente avantageusement un pH inférieur à 8 et supérieur ou égal à 6 et en particulier égal ou supérieur à 6 et inférieur et inférieur ou égal à 7,45 et/ou une osmolatité égale ou supérieure à 280 mOsmol/kg et inférieure ou égale à 300mOsmol/kg. When the composition of the invention contains a solvent, it advantageously has a pH of less than 8 and greater than or equal to 6 and in particular equal to or greater than 6 and less than and less than or equal to 7.45 and/or an osmolatity equal to or greater than 280 mOsmol/kg and less than or equal to 300 mOsmol/kg.
Selon un mode de réalisation combinable aux autres modes de réalisation précité, la composition de l’invention, lorsqu’elle est en solution, en particulier dans de l’eau présente un pH égal ou supérieur à 6 et égal ou inférieur à 8 et en particulier compris entre 6,2 et 6,5 (bornes exclues) ou compris entre 6,35 et 6,65 (bornes exclues) et une osmolatité égale ou supérieure à 280 mOsmol/kg et inférieure ou égale à 300mOsmol/kg. Ces valeurs peuvent être obtenues pour le chlorure de sodium et/ou le sulfate de magnésium. According to one embodiment which can be combined with the other aforementioned embodiments, the composition of the invention, when it is in solution, in particular in water, has a pH equal to or greater than 6 and equal to or less than 8 and in particular between 6.2 and 6.5 (limits excluded) or between 6.35 and 6.65 (limits excluded) and an osmolatity equal to or greater than 280 mOsmol/kg and less than or equal to 300 mOsmol/kg. These values can be obtained for sodium chloride and/or magnesium sulphate.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la composition de l’invention, lorsqu’elle est en solution, en particulier dans de l’eau présente un pH égal ou supérieur à 7,35 et égal ou inférieur à 7,45 et une osmolatité égale ou supérieure à 280 mOsmol/kg et inférieure ou égale à 300mOsmol/kg. Les valeurs de pH indiquées correspondent aux valeurs de pH du sang. According to a particular embodiment, the composition of the invention, when it is in solution, in particular in water, has a pH equal to or greater than 7.35 and equal to or less than 7.45 and an osmolatity equal or greater than 280 mOsmol/kg and less than or equal to 300 mOsmol/kg. The pH values indicated correspond to the pH values of blood.
Avantageusement la composition de l’invention contient une quantité de propofol égale ou supérieure à 0,2g et notamment une quantité de propofol égale à 1 ,0g, une quantité de cyclodextrine et/ou de dérivé de cyclodextrine égale ou supérieure à 3g et notamment égale à 18g, 17, 16, 15g ou 14g, une quantité de sel égale ou supérieure à 0,3g ou 1 ,5g. Advantageously, the composition of the invention contains an amount of propofol equal to or greater than 0.2 g and in particular an amount of propofol equal to 1.0 g, an amount of cyclodextrin and/or cyclodextrin derivative equal to or greater than 3 g and in particular equal 18g, 17, 16, 15g or 14g, a quantity of salt equal to or greater than 0.3g or 1.5g.
Les solvants, les sels, le propofol, la ou les cyclodextrines et/ou le ou les dérivés de cyclodextrine présentent tous un degré de pureté adapté à une utilisation pharmaceutique, notamment à une administration parentérale. The solvents, the salts, the propofol, the cyclodextrin(s) and/or the cyclodextrin derivative(s) all have a degree of purity suitable for pharmaceutical use, in particular for parenteral administration.
Avantageusement, la composition de l’invention présente un ratio molaire propofol : [3- cyclodextrine et/ou dérivé de [3-cyclodextrine 1 : < 2 et notamment 1 : <1 ,7.
Avantageusement ce ratio molaire s’applique à une composition contenant un solvant, notamment de l’eau, du propofol et uniquement un dérivé de cyclodextrine apte à se complexer avec le propofol, en particulier la 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrine et plus particulièrement la 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrine définie dans les exemples suivants. Advantageously, the composition of the invention has a propofol:[3-cyclodextrin and/or [3-cyclodextrin derivative] molar ratio of 1:<2 and in particular 1:<1.7. Advantageously, this molar ratio applies to a composition containing a solvent, in particular water, propofol and only a cyclodextrin derivative capable of complexing with propofol, in particular 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin and more particularly 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin defined in the following examples.
Sans que les demandeurs soient liés à l’explication suivante, il semble que la douleur de l’injection de propofol est due à la présence de propofol libre dans l’émulsion. Dans le cas de la présente invention, la faible quantité de propofol libre (le propofol est entièrement complexé dans le cas de l’invention) ainsi qu’un pH proche du pH physiologique et une osmolalité de la solution proche de l’osmolalité physiologique permet de réduire la douleur à l’injection. Without the plaintiffs being bound to the following explanation, it appears that the pain of propofol injection is due to the presence of free propofol in the emulsion. In the case of the present invention, the small amount of free propofol (the propofol is completely complexed in the case of the invention) as well as a pH close to the physiological pH and an osmolality of the solution close to the physiological osmolality allows reduce pain on injection.
La présente invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d’une composition selon l’invention. De manière caractéristique, on ajoute sous agitation, ledit sel pharmaceuticalement acceptable dans un mélange de propofol et de cyclodextrine et/ou de dérivé de cyclodextrine à température ambiante ou à une température égale ou supérieure à 2°C et égale ou inférieure à 20°C, on mélange de manière à obtenir une solution, de préférence limpide puis l’on stérilise éventuellement la solution obtenue par filtration. The present invention also relates to a process for the manufacture of a composition according to the invention. Typically, said pharmaceutically acceptable salt is added with stirring to a mixture of propofol and cyclodextrin and/or cyclodextrin derivative at room temperature or at a temperature equal to or greater than 2°C and equal to or less than 20°C. , the mixture is mixed so as to obtain a solution, which is preferably clear, then the solution obtained is optionally sterilized by filtration.
La température égale ou supérieure à 2°C et égale ou inférieure à 20°C permet de diminuer la quantité de cyclodextrine/dérivé de cyclodextrine utilisée pour complexer une quantité donnée de propofol par rapport à la quantité de cyclodextrine/dérivé de cyclodextrine utilisée pour complexer la même quantité de propofol donnée à température ambiante. De préférence, la température est supérieure à 2°C et inférieure à 15°C, ou supérieure à 2°C et inférieure à 10°C, ou supérieure à 2°C et inférieure à 8°C The temperature equal to or greater than 2°C and equal to or less than 20°C makes it possible to reduce the quantity of cyclodextrin/cyclodextrin derivative used to complex a given quantity of propofol compared to the quantity of cyclodextrin/cyclodextrin derivative used to complex the same amount of propofol given at room temperature. Preferably, the temperature is above 2°C and below 15°C, or above 2°C and below 10°C, or above 2°C and below 8°C
La complexation du propofol est visible à l’œil nu. Lorsque tout le propofol est complexé, on obtient une solution liquide limpide. Si du propofol non complexé demeure, on obtient une solution opalescente, jaune ou blanche voire un mélange biphasique. L’ajout de sel avant ou pendant l’ajout du propofol à la solution de dérivé de cyclodextrine ou de cyclodextrine renforce les forces de complexation. Les Inventeurs ont mis en évidence que l’ajout de sel après le dérivé de cyclodextrine/cyclodextrine augmente la stabilité de la complexation du propofol. Propofol complexation is visible to the naked eye. When all the propofol is complexed, a clear liquid solution is obtained. If uncomplexed propofol remains, an opalescent, yellow or white solution or even a biphasic mixture is obtained. Adding salt before or during the addition of propofol to the cyclodextrin derivative or cyclodextrin solution enhances the complexation forces. The inventors have demonstrated that the addition of salt after the cyclodextrin/cyclodextrin derivative increases the stability of the complexation of propofol.
En particulier, on dissout ladite cyclodextrine/dérivé de cyclodextrine dans ledit solvant, en particulier dans de l’eau, on ajoute ensuite le propofol, puis ledit sel éventuellement dissout dans une quantité de solvant, en particulier de l’eau ; on ajoute ensuite une quantité de solvant (en particulier de l’eau) permettant l’obtention d’une solution limpide (ce solvant peut également être de l’eau). Avantageusement, on dissout la cyclodextrine et/ou le dérivé de cyclodextrine dans le solvant, en particulier de l’eau, avant ajout du propofol. On obtient donc une solution limpide de cyclodextrine/dérivé de cyclodextrine avant ajout du propofol. In particular, said cyclodextrin/cyclodextrin derivative is dissolved in said solvent, in particular in water, then propofol is added, then said salt optionally dissolved in a quantity of solvent, in particular water; a quantity of solvent (in particular water) is then added to obtain a clear solution (this solvent can also be water). Advantageously, the cyclodextrin and/or the cyclodextrin derivative is dissolved in the solvent, in particular water, before adding the propofol. A clear solution of cyclodextrin/cyclodextrin derivative is therefore obtained before addition of propofol.
La solution obtenue est limpide et peut ensuite être stérilisée par filtration.
La solution de l’invention peut ensuite être conservée à température ambiante ou réfrigérée sans que l’on observe de dé complexation du propofol. The solution obtained is clear and can then be sterilized by filtration. The solution of the invention can then be stored at room temperature or refrigerated without observing any decomplexation of the propofol.
On constate que le procédé de l’invention peut être facilement mis en oeuvre dans un milieu hospitalier sans nécessiter d’installation industrielle complexe et coûteuse.It is found that the method of the invention can be easily implemented in a hospital environment without requiring complex and costly industrial installation.
Définitions Definitions
On définit au sens de la présente invention un sel acide comme étant un composé ionique qui en solution libère des ions H+ ou un contre ion lequel est susceptible de modifier le pH de la solution. Within the meaning of the present invention, an acid salt is defined as being an ionic compound which, in solution, releases H + ions or a counter ion which is capable of modifying the pH of the solution.
On définit au sens de la présente invention un sel basique comme étant un composé ionique qui en solution libère des ions OH’ ou un contre ion lequel est susceptible de modifier le pH de la solution. Within the meaning of the present invention, a basic salt is defined as being an ionic compound which, in solution, releases OH' ions or a counterion which is capable of modifying the pH of the solution.
Un sel minéral est, au sens de l’invention un sel composé de deux ions minéraux c’est- à-dire ne comportant pas d’atome de carbone. A mineral salt is, within the meaning of the invention, a salt composed of two mineral ions, that is to say not comprising a carbon atom.
Le terme « cyclodextrine >> englobe les alpha, béta et gamma cyclodextrines. The term "cyclodextrin" encompasses alpha, beta and gamma cyclodextrins.
Le terme « dérivé de cyclodextrine >> englobe les dérivés des alpha, béta et gamma cyclodextrines. Un dérivé de cyclodextrine est une molécule de cyclodextrine dont au moins un atome a été substitué. The term "cyclodextrin derivative" encompasses derivatives of alpha, beta and gamma cyclodextrins. A cyclodextrin derivative is a cyclodextrin molecule of which at least one atom has been substituted.
Le terme « propofol >> désigne le 2,6-bis(propan-2-yl)phénol. The term "propofol" refers to 2,6-bis(propan-2-yl)phenol.
Le terme « injectable >> désigne une solution/composition qui présente une viscosité adaptée pour passer à travers l’aiguille d’une seringue d’injection couramment utilisée en médecine. Une solution, notamment une solution limpide, peut être administrée par injection. The term "injectable" refers to a solution/composition which has a suitable viscosity to pass through the needle of an injection syringe commonly used in medicine. A solution, especially a clear solution, can be administered by injection.
Les termes « taux de substitution moyen» désignent, au sens de la présente invention, la valeur moyenne du nombre de protons substitués par un groupement 2 hydroxypropyl dans chaque unité de glucopyranose du dérivé de cyclodextrine concerné. The terms “average degree of substitution” denote, within the meaning of the present invention, the average value of the number of protons substituted by a 2-hydroxypropyl group in each glucopyranose unit of the cyclodextrin derivative concerned.
Figures tricks
- La Fig. 1 représente le profil d’exactitude à 95 % de la méthode de dosage du propofol, c’est-à-dire qu’elle représente le pourcentage d’erreur de la méthode en fonction de la quantité de propofol mesurée en mL. - Fig. 1 represents the 95% accuracy profile of the propofol assay method, i.e. it represents the percentage error of the method as a function of the amount of propofol measured in mL.
- La Fig. 2 représente l’évolution de la concentration en propofol dissout, calculée selon la méthode d’Higuchi et Connors en mol de composition liquide en fonction de la concentration (en mol) de chacune des trois 2-hydroxypropyl-[3- cyclodextrines, lesquelles diffèrent par le degré de substitution des unités glucopyranose ; - Fig. 2 represents the evolution of the concentration of dissolved propofol, calculated according to the method of Higuchi and Connors in mol of liquid composition according to the concentration (in mol) of each of the three 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrins, which differ by the degree of substitution of the glucopyranose units;
- La Figure 3 représente le test de solubilisation de la cyclodextrine HPB-LB en présence de différents excipients selon la méthode de Higuchi et Connors; en
présence de différents excipients, chlorure de sodium, chlorure de magnésium et glycérol, respectivement. - Figure 3 represents the solubilization test of the cyclodextrin HPB-LB in the presence of various excipients according to the method of Higuchi and Connors; in presence of different excipients, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride and glycerol, respectively.
PARTIE EXPERIMENTALEEXPERIMENTAL PART
EXEMPLE EXAMPLE
Quantification du propofol Quantification of propofol
Dans toutes les expérimentations, la quantité de propofol a été déterminée par HPLC couplée avec un spectrophotomètre UV visible. Les analyses ont été réalisées grâce à une chaîne de chromatographie liquide (Thermo Scientific Ultimate 3000) munie d’un détecteur UV à barrette de diode (DAD 3000). Le propofol a été élué sur une colonne C18 (150x4 mm, granulométrie : 5pm) et une pré-colonne Hypersil Gold (10x 5 mm, granulométrie 5 pm) maintenues à une température constante de 25°C, grâce à un four à effet Peltier, (Ultimate TCC 3000). L’élution était réalisée à un débit de 1 mL/min utilisant une pompe quaternaire (Ultimate LPG 3400 SD). La phase mobile était composée d’un mélange d’un tampon ammoniacal 25 mM, pH 9,2 et d’acétonitrile (ratio de 52/48% pour le propofol). In all the experiments, the quantity of propofol was determined by HPLC coupled with a visible UV spectrophotometer. The analyzes were carried out using a liquid chromatography chain (Thermo Scientific Ultimate 3000) fitted with a diode array UV detector (DAD 3000). Propofol was eluted on a C18 column (150x4 mm, particle size: 5 μm) and a Hypersil Gold pre-column (10x 5 mm, particle size 5 μm) maintained at a constant temperature of 25°C, thanks to a Peltier effect oven , (Ultimate TCC 3000). Elution was performed at a flow rate of 1 mL/min using a quaternary pump (Ultimate LPG 3400 SD). The mobile phase was composed of a mixture of a 25 mM ammoniacal buffer, pH 9.2 and acetonitrile (ratio of 52/48% for propofol).
A chaque analyse 10 pl de solution sont injecté, le pic de Propofol est obtenu à 13,5 minutes et analysée à une longueur d’onde de 270nm. At each analysis 10 pl of solution are injected, the Propofol peak is obtained at 13.5 minutes and analyzed at a wavelength of 270 nm.
Une méthode spécifique de détermination de la concentration et des produits de dégradation a été validée. La validation analytique a été réalisée en accord avec la Société Française des sciences et techniques pharmaceutiques [SFSPT], La validation a consisté en la mesure d’une gamme d’étalonnage en 5 points 5, 10, 15, 20 et 25 pg/ml et 4 points de contrôles qualité 7,5, 12,6, 17,6 et 22,6 pg/ml répétés 3 fois à partir de solutions mères différentes. Ces analyses ont été répétées sur 3 jours consécutifs et 3 opérateurs différents pour le Propofol. Une méthode est validée si l’addition des risques de répétabilité au sein d’une même journée et entre les trois différentes journées est en dessous d’un seuil prédéfini d’erreur de 10% à l’aide d’un test de Student erreur de type 1 à 5%. Les résultats obtenus sont visibles sur la Fig. 1 .A specific method for determining the concentration and degradation products has been validated. The analytical validation was carried out in agreement with the French Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Techniques [SFSPT]. The validation consisted of measuring a calibration range at 5 points 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 pg/ml and 4 quality control points 7.5, 12.6, 17.6 and 22.6 pg/ml repeated 3 times from different stock solutions. These analyzes were repeated on 3 consecutive days and 3 different operators for Propofol. A method is validated if the sum of the repeatability risks within the same day and between the three different days is below a predefined error threshold of 10% using a Student error test type 1 to 5%. The results obtained are visible in Fig. 1 .
Choix de la cyclodextrine Choice of cyclodextrin
Etude de la solubilité de la 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrine en fonction de son degré (ou taux) moyen de substitution Study of the solubility of 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin as a function of its average degree (or rate) of substitution
La 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrine (HP[3CD) utilisée est commercialisée sous l’appellation commerciale de KLEPTOSE® par la société Roquette. The 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin (HP[3CD) used is marketed under the trade name of KLEPTOSE® by the company Roquette.
Des 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrines ayant différents degrés moyens de substitution ont été testées. Le degré moyen de substitution correspond au nombre moyen de groupes propyle greffés sur l’atome d’oxygène en position 2 de chaque unité de glucose qui forme la [3-cyclodextrine. Les [3-cyclodextrines comportent 7 unités de glucose par molécule. 2-Hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrins with different average degrees of substitution were tested. The average degree of substitution corresponds to the average number of propyl groups grafted onto the oxygen atom in position 2 of each glucose unit which forms [3-cyclodextrin. [3-Cyclodextrins have 7 glucose units per molecule.
Trois 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrines ayant respectivement un degré moyen de substitution égal ou supérieur à 0,81 et égal ou inférieur à 0,99 (Kleptose® HP), un degré moyen de substitution égal ou supérieur à 0,58 et égal ou inférieur à 0,68 (Kleptose® HPB), et un degré moyen de substitution égal ou supérieur à 0,50 et égal ou inférieur à 0,71 (Kleptose HPB-LB).
Le tableau 1 suivant récapitule certaines caractéristiques des trois 2-hydroxypropyl-[3- cyclodextrines. Three 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrins having respectively an average degree of substitution equal to or greater than 0.81 and equal to or less than 0.99 (Kleptose® HP), an average degree of substitution equal to or greater than 0.58 and equal to or less than 0.68 (Kleptose® HPB), and an average degree of substitution equal to or greater than 0.50 and equal to or less than 0.71 (Kleptose HPB-LB). Table 1 below summarizes certain characteristics of the three 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrins.
Tableau 1 : Tableau comparatif des 3 cyclodextrines
Table 1: Comparative table of the 3 cyclodextrins
Dans toute la présente demande, le taux de substitution moyen (MS) est mesuré par RMN du proton. Il est calculé à partir du rapport des intégrations des protons H1 anomériques du macrocycle, et ceux du groupe CH3 présent sur le groupe hydroxypropyl. Pour le grade Kleptose HP MS est sensiblement égale à 0,85 (± 2%) , et MS = 0,65 (± 2%) pour le grade HPB. Pour le grade HPB-LB, le taux moyen de substitution est de 0,69 (± 2%). Throughout the present application, the average substitution rate (MS) is measured by proton NMR. It is calculated from the ratio of the integrations of the anomeric protons H 1 of the macrocycle, and those of the CH3 group present on the hydroxypropyl group. For the Kleptose HP grade MS is substantially equal to 0.85 (± 2%) and MS = 0.65 (± 2%) for the HPB grade. For the HPB-LB grade, the average substitution rate is 0.69 (± 2%).
La masse molaire est calculée en fonction de la valeur déterminée pour la substitution molaire de l'HPCD, Mw = 1 135 + 7xMS x 58, 58 étant la masse molaire d'un groupe hydroxypropyl, 7 correspondant au nombre d'unités glucoses et 1 135 étant la masse molaire de la beta cyclodextrine non substituée The molar mass is calculated according to the value determined for the molar substitution of HPCD, Mw = 1135 + 7xMS x 58, 58 being the molar mass of a hydroxypropyl group, 7 corresponding to the number of glucose units and 1 135 being the molar mass of the unsubstituted beta cyclodextrin
Pour faire le choix entre les 3 types de HP[3CD (HP, HPB et HPB-LB), des tests de solubilités ont été réalisés et interprétés selon les diagrammes de solubilité selon la méthode de Higuchi et Connors à 25°C dans de l’eau. Les tests de solubilités utilisés ici consistent à effectuer des mesures de solubilité du propofol à une température constante donnée (ici 25 °C) en utilisant différentes quantités de cyclodextrine à une valeur de pH déterminée. Un grand excès de propofol est ajouté à 1 ,4 ml de la solution de cyclodextrine appropriée. Les mélanges résultants sont vortexés pendant environ 5 min et agité à une température 25 ± 0,5 °C pendant 24 heures. Environ 1 ml de la
solution est transféré grâce à une pipette Pasteur dans un tube Eppendorf. Ces tubes sont ensuite centrifugés pendant 30 mn à 13 200 tours minutes. 40 pl de la phase aqueuse sont ensuite prélevés puis dilués au 1/10 dans de l’éthanol et au 40/1000 dans une solution de d’acétonitrile et d’un tampon ammoniacale pH 9.2. Ces échantillons sont ensuite filtrés via un filtre 0.2pm puis mis en flacon avant analyse par chromatographie liquide à haute performance à détection UV. Le volume d'injection était de 10 microlitres (cf boucle d'injection). Les résultats des tests de solubilité ont montré une solubilité linéaire, pour les trois cyclodextrines, de type AL selon le diagramme de solubilité de Higuchi et Connors. Les constantes de stabilités Kc sont estimées à partir de la pente de la droite du diagramme de phase-solubilité selon l'équation suivante: Kc = pente / S0 (1 - pente). To make the choice between the 3 types of HP[3CD (HP, HPB and HPB-LB), solubility tests were carried out and interpreted according to the solubility diagrams according to the method of Higuchi and Connors at 25°C in l. 'water. The solubility tests used here consist in carrying out measurements of the solubility of propofol at a given constant temperature (here 25° C.) using different amounts of cyclodextrin at a determined pH value. A large excess of propofol is added to 1.4 ml of the appropriate cyclodextrin solution. The resulting mixtures are vortexed for about 5 min and stirred at 25 ± 0.5°C for 24 hours. About 1 ml of the solution is transferred using a Pasteur pipette into an Eppendorf tube. These tubes are then centrifuged for 30 min at 13,200 rpm. 40 μl of the aqueous phase are then withdrawn and then diluted 1/10 in ethanol and 40/1000 in a solution of acetonitrile and an ammoniacal buffer pH 9.2. These samples are then filtered through a 0.2 μm filter and then bottled before analysis by high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The injection volume was 10 microliters (cf injection loop). The results of the solubility tests showed linear solubility, for the three cyclodextrins, of type AL according to the solubility diagram of Higuchi and Connors. The stability constants Kc are estimated from the slope of the straight line of the phase-solubility diagram according to the following equation: Kc = slope / S0 (1 - slope).
La solubilité intrinsèque (S0) du propofol a été déterminée directement en solution au pH entre 6 et 7 à une température de 25°C. The intrinsic solubility (S0) of propofol was determined directly in solution at pH between 6 and 7 at a temperature of 25°C.
Le tableau 2 suivant récapitule la solubilité intrinsèque du propofol dans l’eau ainsi que les constantes de stabilité des complexes formés entre le propofol et les diverses HPpCD. Table 2 below summarizes the intrinsic solubility of propofol in water as well as the stability constants of the complexes formed between propofol and the various HPpCDs.
Tableau 2 : constante de stabilité du propofol en fonction des différentes cyclodextrines
Table 2: Stability constant of propofol according to the different cyclodextrins
HP 1486
HP 1486
HPB-LB 0,19 1288 HPB-LB 0.19 1288
La constante de stabilité Kc est calculée à partir de la pente de la droite du diagramme de phase-solubilité selon l'équation suivante : Kc = pente / S0 (1 - pente). The stability constant Kc is calculated from the slope of the straight line of the phase-solubility diagram according to the following equation: Kc = slope / S0 (1 - slope).
On constate au vu du tableau 2 que les constantes de stabilité des complexes formés avec les différentes HP[3CD sont relativement proches. It can be seen from Table 2 that the stability constants of the complexes formed with the different HP[3CDs are relatively close.
Détermination de la quantité minimale de HP[3CD pour solubiliser 1 g de Propofol. Determination of the minimum quantity of HP[3CD to solubilize 1 g of Propofol.
Les tests de solubilités permettent de déterminer la quantité minimale de HP[3CD nécessaire pour solubiliser 1 g de Propofol. The solubility tests make it possible to determine the minimum quantity of HP[3CD necessary to solubilize 1 g of Propofol.
Les résultats sont visibles dans le tableau 3 ci-dessous. The results can be seen in Table 3 below.
Tableau 3 : Quantité de Cyclodextrines en grammes pour solubiliser 1 g de propofol Table 3: Quantity of Cyclodextrins in grams to solubilize 1 g of propofol
Type de cyclodextrines Quantité en gramme HP 13,71 Type of cyclodextrins Quantity in grams HP 13.71
HPB 13,72 HPB 13.72
HPB-LB 13,04
Au vu des résultats du tableau 3, on constate que la quantité de HP[3CD HPB-LB est moindre pour solubiliser 1 g de propofol en comparaison avec les deux autres cyclodextrines. HPB-LB 13.04 In view of the results in Table 3, it can be seen that the quantity of HP[3CD HPB-LB is less to solubilize 1 g of propofol in comparison with the two other cyclodextrins.
Cependant les tests de solubilisations de la Kleptose® HPB-LB retrouvent une solubilité comparable à Kleptose® HP en mol mais avec moins de cyclodextrine au vu du tableau 3 en masse et moins d’impureté au vu du tableau 1 . Il a donc été décidé de choisir la Kleptose® HPB-LB. However, the solubilization tests of Kleptose® HPB-LB find a solubility comparable to Kleptose® HP in mol but with less cyclodextrin in view of Table 3 by mass and less impurity in view of Table 1. It was therefore decided to choose Kleptose® HPB-LB.
Etude de l’excipient Excipient study
Le propofol étant une molécule très lipophile, l’impact de l’ajout de différents excipients à la HP[3CD a été étudié afin d’optimiser la quantité de propofol solubilisée. Since propofol is a highly lipophilic molecule, the impact of adding different excipients to HP[3CD was studied in order to optimize the amount of propofol solubilized.
Essai avec un excipient de type polymère hydrosoluble Test with a water-soluble polymer excipient
Des prétests de formulation en présence de PEG 400 ont été réalisés présence d’eau, de propofol et de la HP[3CD choisie au paragraphe précédent. Formulation pre-tests in the presence of PEG 400 were carried out in the presence of water, propofol and the HP[3CD chosen in the previous paragraph.
Cependant le résultat obtenu avec le PEG 400 comporte toujours 2 phases distinctes, troubles, et ne donne pas une formulation homogène et stable. On en déduit qu’apparemment ce polymère hydrosoluble ne semble pas améliorer la solubilisation obtenue avec la HP[3CD choisie. However, the result obtained with PEG 400 always comprises 2 distinct, turbid phases, and does not give a homogeneous and stable formulation. We deduce that apparently this water-soluble polymer does not seem to improve the solubilization obtained with the chosen HP[3CD.
Essai avec un excipient sous forme de sel non basique et non acide Test with an excipient in the form of a non-basic and non-acidic salt
Sulfate de magnésium Magnesium sulfate
Des tests de solubilité du propofol dans l’eau en présence de sulfate de magnésium ont été réalisés selon la méthode de Higuchi et Connors décrite précédemment. Les résultats sont représentés sur la Fig. 3. La 2-hydropropyl-[3-cyclodextrine utilisée est toujours celle choisie précédemment (HPB-LB). Propofol solubility tests in water in the presence of magnesium sulphate were carried out according to the method of Higuchi and Connors described previously. The results are shown in Fig. 3. The 2-hydropropyl-[3-cyclodextrin used is always that chosen previously (HPB-LB).
On constate au vu de la Fig. 3 que l’ajout de sulfate de magnésium ne modifie pas la complexation du propofol et donc sa solubilisation dans l’eau pour des quantités de propofol inférieures ou égales à 18mg/mL. It is observed in view of FIG. 3 that the addition of magnesium sulphate does not modify the complexation of propofol and therefore its solubilization in water for quantities of propofol less than or equal to 18mg/mL.
Il faut noter que le magnésium est un ion important de l'organisme, qui a de nombreuses indications reconnues et qui est très fréquemment utilisé en anesthésie, réanimation et en médecine d’urgence. Dans le cadre de cette formulation, aucune toxicité ne semble connue aux quantités envisagées dans la formulation. It should be noted that magnesium is an important ion in the body, which has many recognized indications and which is very frequently used in anesthesia, resuscitation and emergency medicine. In the context of this formulation, no toxicity seems known at the quantities envisaged in the formulation.
De plus, le sulfate de magnésium permet d’ajuster l’osmolalité de la formulation et la rendre iso osmolaire au plasma. In addition, magnesium sulphate makes it possible to adjust the osmolality of the formulation and make it isosmolar to plasma.
Chlorure de sodium sodium chloride
Des tests de solubilité du propofol dans l’eau en présence de Chlorure de sodium ont été réalisés selon la méthode de Higuchi et Connors décrite précédemment. Les résultats sont représentés sur la Fig. 3. La 2-hydropropyl-[3-cyclodextrine utilisée est toujours celle choisie précédemment (HPB-LB). Propofol solubility tests in water in the presence of sodium chloride were carried out according to the Higuchi and Connors method described above. The results are shown in Fig. 3. The 2-hydropropyl-[3-cyclodextrin used is always that chosen previously (HPB-LB).
On constate au vu de la Fig. 3 que l’ajout de chlorure de sodium ne modifie pas la complexation du propofol et donc sa solubilisation dans l’eau pour des quantités de propofol inférieures ou égales à 18mg/mL. It is observed in view of FIG. 3 that the addition of sodium chloride does not modify the complexation of propofol and therefore its solubilization in water for quantities of propofol less than or equal to 18mg/mL.
Les résultats des tests de solubilité ont été ré analysés plus particulièrement avec l’efficience de complexation (CE), calculée grâce à l’équation :
CE = pente /(I - pente) The results of the solubility tests were re-analyzed more particularly with the complexation efficiency (CE), calculated using the equation: CE = slope /(I - slope)
CE : Efficience de la complexation pente : Pente des tests de solubilité réalisés selon la méthode de Higuchi and ConnorsCE: Complexation efficiency Slope: Slope of solubility tests carried out according to the Higuchi and Connors method
Chaque test de solubilité a été réalisé 3 fois. Each solubility test was carried out 3 times.
L’efficience de complexation permet de s’affranchir de la variabilité intrinsèque du propofol, valeur pouvant varier dans le cas d’un principe actif lipophile. Une valeur élevée traduit une meilleure capacité de complexation. Les résultats sont présentés dans le tableau 3a suivant :
The efficiency of complexation makes it possible to overcome the intrinsic variability of propofol, a value which may vary in the case of a lipophilic active principle. A high value reflects a better capacity for complexation. The results are presented in the following table 3a:
L’analyse des CE montre : The analysis of EC shows:
• Un CE plus élevé pour la cyclodextrine HP, cependant celle-ci présente plus d’impuretés de synthèse faisant préférer la cyclodextrine HPB-LB • A higher EC for cyclodextrin HP, however this one presents more synthetic impurities making prefer cyclodextrin HPB-LB
• Un CE augmenté en présence de NaCI et MgSO4 • An increased EC in the presence of NaCI and MgSO4
• Un CE augmenté quand réalisé en solution à froid • An increased CE when carried out in cold solution
Au vu de ces résultats, il est clair que la présence des sels de l’invention permet d’améliorer l’efficience de complexation du propofol. In view of these results, it is clear that the presence of the salts of the invention makes it possible to improve the efficiency of complexation of propofol.
Il a été aussi établi que la présence de ces sels permet de réduire la quantité nécessaire de cyclodextrine ou, et notamment HP[3CD nécessaire pour obtenir une solution limpide et transparente.
En effet, les inventeurs ont constaté que pour solubiliser 1 g de propofol dans 100 mL de solution aqueuse (10mg/ml), il est nécessaire d’utiliser environ 16 g de HPB-LB à température ambiante, et pour pouvoir obtenir une solution limpide, transparente et incolore. Cette quantité de cyclodextrine peut être diminuée à 15 g lorsque la solution est obtenue entre 2° et 8° C selon le procédé de l’invention, et jusqu’à 14 grammes en présence des sels de l’invention. It has also been established that the presence of these salts makes it possible to reduce the necessary quantity of cyclodextrin or, and in particular HP[3CD] necessary to obtain a limpid and transparent solution. Indeed, the inventors have found that to solubilize 1 g of propofol in 100 mL of aqueous solution (10 mg/ml), it is necessary to use approximately 16 g of HPB-LB at ambient temperature, and in order to be able to obtain a clear solution , transparent and colorless. This quantity of cyclodextrin can be reduced to 15 g when the solution is obtained between 2° and 8° C. according to the process of the invention, and up to 14 grams in the presence of the salts of the invention.
La température à laquelle on solubilise le propofol a donc une importance significative sur la quantité de cyclodextrines CD à utiliser. Cet effet est mis en évidence dans les tests comparatifs ci-après, et dans lesquels des solutions de 1 gramme de propofol dans 100 mL (10 mg/ml) de solution aqueuse ont été préparées : i) Avec une eau entre 2 et 8°C (lors du mélange), The temperature at which the propofol is solubilized therefore has a significant importance on the quantity of CD cyclodextrins to be used. This effect is demonstrated in the comparative tests below, in which solutions of 1 gram of propofol in 100 mL (10 mg/ml) of aqueous solution were prepared: i) With water between 2 and 8° C (when mixing),
• Dans une solution de 14 g de HPB-LB, on obtient une solution limpide, incolore mais tournant au jaune rapidement lors du stockage, indiquant une décomplexation du propofol. • In a solution of 14 g of HPB-LB, a clear, colorless solution is obtained but turns yellow rapidly on storage, indicating a decomplexation of propofol.
• Dans une solution de 15 g de HPB-LB, on obtient une solution limpide et incolore. ii)Avec une eau à température ambiante (lors du mélange) • In a solution of 15 g of HPB-LB, a clear and colorless solution is obtained. ii) With water at room temperature (when mixing)
• Dans une solution de 14 g de HPB-LB, on obtient une solution limpide et de couleur légèrement jaune indiquant une complexation incomplète du propofol. • In a solution of 14 g of HPB-LB, a clear, slightly yellow solution is obtained, indicating incomplete complexation of propofol.
• Dans une solution de 15 g de HPB-LB, on obtient une solution légèrement trouble, incolore mais avec des particules visibles. • In a solution of 15 g of HPB-LB, a slightly cloudy, colorless solution is obtained but with visible particles.
• Dans une Solution de 16 g de HPB-LB, on obtient une solution limpide et incolore. • In a Solution of 16 g of HPB-LB, a clear and colorless solution is obtained.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, l’invention propose de préparer la composition de propofol à une température entre 2 et 8°C, et d’utiliser les sels de chlorure de sodium, et le sulfate de sodium, le chlorure de magnésium, le sulfate de magnésium, le chlorure de calcium, et le sulfate de calcium pour diminuer la quantité de cyclodextrine ou de son dérivé nécessaire pour solubiliser le propofol, ainsi que pour améliorer sa complexation. In a preferred embodiment, the invention proposes to prepare the propofol composition at a temperature between 2 and 8°C, and to use sodium chloride salts, and sodium sulphate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, and calcium sulfate to reduce the amount of cyclodextrin or its derivative necessary to solubilize propofol, as well as to improve its complexation.
Les avantages de l’invention sont observés dans les résultats des solutions comparatives ci-après, et obtenues pour solubiliser 1 gramme de propofol dans 100 mL de solution aqueuse (10mg/mL) à une température entre 2 et 8°C : The advantages of the invention are observed in the results of the comparative solutions below, and obtained to solubilize 1 gram of propofol in 100 mL of aqueous solution (10mg/mL) at a temperature between 2 and 8°C:
• Solution de 15g de HPB-LB sans excipient, on obtient une solution limpide et transparente. L’osmolarité est de 126 mOsm/kg. • Solution of 15g of HPB-LB without excipient, a limpid and transparent solution is obtained. The osmolarity is 126 mOsm/kg.
• Solution de 14g de HPB-LB sans excipient, on obtient une solution limpide et transparente mais avec une légère coloration jaune, indiquant une complexation non complète. Cette solution devient trouble et jaunâtre en moins d’une semaine de stockage. L’osmolarité est de 1 14 mOsm/kg.
Solution de 14g de HPB-LB et 0,4% NaCI, on obtient une solution limpide, transparente, incolore et stable lors du stockage. L’osmolarité est de 264 mOsm/kg. • Solution of 14g of HPB-LB without excipient, a limpid and transparent solution is obtained but with a slight yellow coloration, indicating incomplete complexation. This solution becomes cloudy and yellowish in less than a week of storage. The osmolarity is 114 mOsm/kg. Solution of 14g of HPB-LB and 0.4% NaCI, a clear, transparent, colorless and stable solution is obtained during storage. The osmolarity is 264 mOsm/kg.
L’effet positif sur l’amélioration de la complexation du propofol est obtenu à partir d’une concentration d’au moins 0,3 % en poids de sel ajouté, et de préférence au moins 0,4 % en poids de sel, notamment du NaCI. Le pourcentage massique de sel à utiliser peut également être optimisé en fonction du sel choisi. Une concentration supérieure de sel peut être utilisée, notamment afin d’atteindre une osmolalité de 280 mOsm/kg étant optimale pour l’utilisation clinique de ce médicament par voie intraveineuse. En effet, l’osmolalité d’un médicament par voie injectable est optimale quand l’isotonie est égale à celle du plasma (280-300 mOsmol/L), ce qui permet une utilisation par voie périphérique (voie d’utilisation courante en clinique). En cas d’injection d’une solution hypo-osmolaire, les hématies gonflent et éclatent, c’est l’hémolyse. En cas d’injection d’une solution hyper osmolaire, les hématies se déforment : le milieu extérieur est hypertonique, entraînant la sortie de l'eau des hématies et donc un phénomène de plasmolyse. The positive effect on improving the complexation of propofol is obtained from a concentration of at least 0.3% by weight of added salt, and preferably at least 0.4% by weight of salt, in particular NaCl. The mass percentage of salt to be used can also be optimized depending on the salt chosen. A higher concentration of salt can be used, in particular in order to reach an osmolality of 280 mOsm/kg being optimal for the clinical use of this medicinal product by intravenous route. In fact, the osmolality of a medicinal product by injection is optimal when the isotonia is equal to that of plasma (280-300 mOsmol/L), which allows use by the peripheral route (currently used in the clinic ). In the event of injection of a hypo-osmolar solution, the red blood cells swell and burst, this is haemolysis. In the event of injection of a hyperosmolar solution, the red blood cells become deformed: the external environment is hypertonic, leading to the release of water from the red blood cells and therefore a phenomenon of plasmolysis.
L’invention propose également d’utiliser un co-solvant polaire, tels que les alcools afin de réduire davantage la quantité de cyclodextrine nécessaire pour solubiliser et stabiliser le propofol. Une telle composition peut être obtenue comme suit : The invention also proposes to use a polar co-solvent, such as alcohols in order to further reduce the quantity of cyclodextrin necessary to solubilize and stabilize the propofol. Such a composition can be obtained as follows:
A température ambiante, il a été réalisé une solution de 14 g de HPB-LB avec comme solvant un mélange de 50 % éthanol à 96 et de 50% d’eau, pour solubiliser 1 g de propofol, dans 100 mL (10 mg/ml). At room temperature, a solution of 14 g of HPB-LB was produced with a mixture of 50% 96% ethanol and 50% water as solvent, to solubilize 1 g of propofol, in 100 mL (10 mg/ ml).
La solubilisation des CD est effectuée dans 50 mL d’éthanol ; la solubilisation est plus longue que dans l’eau, mais permet une solubilisation de la totalité des HPB-LB en quelques minutes. Un gramme de propofol puis 50 mL d’eau sont ensuite ajoutés ; l’ensemble est agité pendant 15 min au vortex. The solubilization of the DCs is carried out in 50 mL of ethanol; solubilization is longer than in water, but allows solubilization of all HPB-LB in a few minutes. One gram of propofol then 50 mL of water are then added; the whole is vortexed for 15 min.
La solubilisation du propofol dans la solution 50% éthanol et 50% eau conduit à une solution limpide, incolore et transparente. The solubilization of propofol in the 50% ethanol and 50% water solution results in a clear, colorless and transparent solution.
On retrouve le même résultat (solution limpide, incolore et transparente) avec 13 g de HPB-LB et 50 % d’éthanol. Avec le recours d’un solvant à 50% d’éthanol, on diminue la quantité de CD à 13g pour 1 g de propofol pour 100 mL. Cette solution ne pourra pas être utilisée pour une injection intra-veineuse. Il est tout de même possible de réduire la quantité de cyclodextrines par l’utilisation d’un co-solvant polaire et en combinaison avec l’ajout de sels selon l’invention. The same result (clear, colorless and transparent solution) is found with 13 g of HPB-LB and 50% ethanol. With the use of a 50% ethanol solvent, the amount of CD is reduced to 13g per 1 g of propofol per 100 mL. This solution cannot be used for intravenous injection. It is all the same possible to reduce the quantity of cyclodextrins by the use of a polar co-solvent and in combination with the addition of salts according to the invention.
Les résultats des différents tests comparatifs de solutions de propofol 10mg/rnl décrits ci-avant sont présentés dans le tableau 3b ci-après :
The results of the various comparative tests of propofol 10 mg/rnl solutions described above are presented in Table 3b below:
Tableau 3b Récapitulatif des solubilités à froid 8°C en fonction de différentes quantités de cyclodextrines 14 et 15g, sans excipient, et avec excipient NaCI 0,4%, 0,8%, en présence de 50% d’éthanol ; 2% d’éthanol et 0,4% de NaCI. (* : Osmolalité non mesurable). Le pH non ajusté et l’osmolarité obtenus avec les différentes solutions est également indiqué. Table 3b Summary of cold solubilities at 8°C according to different quantities of cyclodextrins 14 and 15g, without excipient, and with excipient NaCl 0.4%, 0.8%, in the presence of 50% ethanol; 2% ethanol and 0.4% NaCl. (*: Osmolality not measurable). The unadjusted pH and osmolarity obtained with the different solutions is also indicated.
Test avec ajout de glycérol Test with addition of glycerol
Des tests de solubilité du propofol dans l’eau en présence de glycérol et de 2- hydropropyl-[3-cyclodextrine ont été réalisés selon la méthode de Higuchi et Connors décrite précédemment. Les résultats sont représentés sur la Fig. 3. La 2-hydropropyl- p-cyclodextrine utilisée est toujours celle choisie précédemment. Propofol solubility tests in water in the presence of glycerol and 2-hydropropyl-[3-cyclodextrin were carried out according to the Higuchi and Connors method described above. The results are shown in Fig. 3. The 2-hydropropyl-p-cyclodextrin used is always the one chosen above.
On constate au vu de la Fig. 3 et du Kc en présence de glycérol que celui-ci diminue la complexation des cyclodextrines en présence de propofol. It is observed in view of FIG. 3 and Kc in the presence of glycerol that the latter decreases the complexation of cyclodextrins in the presence of propofol.
L’ajout de glycérol n’est donc pas envisagé. The addition of glycerol is therefore not envisaged.
Le tableau 4 suivant récapitule la solubilité intrinsèque du propofol dans l’eau en présence d’excipients et les constantes de stabilité de la cyclodextrine HPB-LB en présence de différents excipients déterminés selon la méthode de Higuchi et Connors. Table 4 below summarizes the intrinsic solubility of propofol in water in the presence of excipients and the stability constants of cyclodextrin HPB-LB in the presence of various excipients determined according to the method of Higuchi and Connors.
Tableau 4 : Solubilité intrinsèque du propofol en association avec les excipients et constante de stabilité du propofol en fonction de l'excipient excipient Solubilité intrinsèque du propofol + HPB-LB dans Constante de l’eau + excipient (mol/L) / (mg/ml) stabilitéTable 4: Intrinsic solubility of propofol in combination with excipients and stability constant of propofol depending on the excipient excipient Intrinsic solubility of propofol + HPB-LB in Water constant + excipient (mol/L) / (mg/ ml) stability
NaCI 0,001096 / (19,52) 1269NaCI 0.001096 / (19.52) 1269
MgSCU 0,00096 / (17,01 ) 1238MgSCU 0.00096 / (17.01) 1238
Glycérol 0,00133 / (23,67) 934
Exemples de formulation Glycerol 0.00133 / (23.67) 934 Wording examples
Des exemples de formulation sont proposés dans les tableaux 5 et 6 suivants : Toutes les formulations suivantes permettent d’obtenir des solutions limpides. Examples of formulations are given in tables 5 and 6 below: All the following formulations make it possible to obtain clear solutions.
Le protocole de fabrication des solutions est le suivant : The manufacturing protocol for the solutions is as follows:
- Pesée de la HP[3CD - Weighing of the HP[3CD
- Dissolution dans 75% du volume final d’eau pour préparations injectables - Dissolution in 75% of the final volume of water for injections
- Mélanger jusqu’à l’obtention d’une solution claire et transparente - Mix until a clear and transparent solution is obtained
- Ajout goutte à goutte du propofol - Addition of propofol drop by drop
- Ajout du sel non basique et non acide - Addition of non-basic and non-acidic salt
- Ajout d’eau pour préparations injectables QSP 100 mL - Addition of water for injections QSP 100 mL
- Mélange sous agitation pendant au moins 10 min jusqu’à obtention d’une solution limpide - Mix under stirring for at least 10 minutes until a clear solution is obtained
- Stockage de la préparation durant plusieurs heures. - Storage of the preparation for several hours.
- Filtration stérilisante sur une membrane ayant des pores de taille inférieure à 0,22pm- Sterilizing filtration on a membrane with pore size less than 0.22µm
- Conditionnement dans des flacons stériles. - Packaging in sterile bottles.
On obtient une solution limpide incolore à l’odeur d’hydrocarbure. A clear, colorless solution with a hydrocarbon odor is obtained.
Particules visibles à l’œil nu : absentes Particles visible to the naked eye: absent
La solution injectable de Propofol 1 % est stockée à température ambiante ou réfrigérée. Des tests préliminaires laissent penser que ce mode de conservation est approprié. Propofol 1% solution for injection is stored at room temperature or refrigerated. Preliminary tests suggest that this method of preservation is appropriate.
Les étapes de dissolution de la HP[3CD et du sel peuvent être mises en œuvre à une température égale ou supérieure à 2°C et égale ou inférieure à 20°C afin de réduire la quantité de cyclodextrine, et de préférence inférieure à 15 °C, ou inférieure à 10° C. Dans tous les exemples, la HP[3CD est celle choisie précédemment. The steps for dissolving the HP[3CD and the salt can be implemented at a temperature equal to or greater than 2°C and equal to or less than 20°C in order to reduce the quantity of cyclodextrin, and preferably less than 15°C. C, or less than 10° C. In all the examples, the HP[3CD is that chosen above.
Formulation 1 : en présence de Chlorure de sodium - protocole mis en œuvre à une température égale ou supérieure à 2°C et égale ou inférieure à 20°C. Formulation 1: in the presence of sodium chloride - protocol implemented at a temperature equal to or greater than 2°C and equal to or less than 20°C.
Tableaux 5
Tables 5
Le pH de la solution est compris entre 6,35 et 6,65, osmolalité entre 280 et 300mOsmol/kg.
Formulation 2 : En présence de sulfate de magnésium protocole mis en oeuvre à une température égale ou supérieure à 2°C et égale ou inférieure à 20°C.
The pH of the solution is between 6.35 and 6.65, osmolality between 280 and 300mOsmol/kg. Formulation 2: In the presence of magnesium sulfate protocol implemented at a temperature equal to or greater than 2°C and equal to or less than 20°C.
Le pH de la solution est compris entre 6,2 et 6,5, osmolalité entre 280 et 290 mOsmol/kg (bornes incluses). The pH of the solution is between 6.2 and 6.5, osmolality between 280 and 290 mOsmol/kg (limits included).
Toutes les solutions de l’invention ont été conservées 6 semaines dans un réfrigérateur, à une température égale ou supérieure à 2°C et égale ou inférieure à 8°C. Au bout de 6 semaines, les solutions sont encore limpides ce qui indique que le propofol est encore solubilisé par complexation avec la 2-hydropropyl-[3-cyclodextrine. Les solutions sont donc aptes au stockage sans dé-complexification du propofol.All the solutions of the invention were stored for 6 weeks in a refrigerator, at a temperature equal to or greater than 2°C and equal to or less than 8°C. After 6 weeks, the solutions are still clear, which indicates that the propofol is still solubilized by complexation with 2-hydropropyl-[3-cyclodextrin. The solutions are therefore suitable for storage without decomplexification of the propofol.
Cet effet de renforcement de la complexation du propofol avec la cyclodextrine semble être relié également au procédé de préparation de la composition. En particulier, il a été mis en évidence l’effet d’un ajout de sels avant ou après la complexation du propofol avec la cyclodextrine. Les résultats ci-après ont été obtenus après 1 semaine de stockage d’une composition selon l’invention, à l’origine limpide et incolore, et dans laquelle les sels sont ajoutés avant ou après le mélange du propofol avec la cyclodextrine : This effect of reinforcing the complexation of propofol with cyclodextrin also seems to be linked to the process for preparing the composition. In particular, the effect of adding salts before or after the complexation of propofol with cyclodextrin has been demonstrated. The results below were obtained after 1 week of storage of a composition according to the invention, originally clear and colorless, and in which the salts are added before or after mixing the propofol with the cyclodextrin:
- Solution de 14g de HPB-LB et 1% de propofol avec ajout du NaCI avant le mélange propofol HPB-LB, on obtient une solution limpide et transparente mais avec une légère coloration jaune. - Solution of 14g of HPB-LB and 1% of propofol with addition of NaCl before mixing propofol HPB-LB, a clear and transparent solution is obtained but with a slight yellow coloration.
- Solution de 14g de HPB-LB et 1 % de propofol avec ajout du NaCI après le mélange, on obtient une solution limpide, transparente, incolor. - Solution of 14g of HPB-LB and 1% of propofol with addition of NaCl after mixing, a clear, transparent, colorless solution is obtained.
Les résultats montrent que l’ajout des sels après la solubilisation du propofol avec la cyclodextrine ou dérivé de cyclodextrine permet de garantir la stabilité de la complexation du propofol -cyclodextrine dans le temps. La composition de l’invention est donc apte à son stockage sans besoin d’excipients supplémentaires.
The results show that the addition of salts after solubilization of propofol with cyclodextrin or cyclodextrin derivative guarantees the stability of propofol-cyclodextrin complexation over time. The composition of the invention is therefore suitable for storage without the need for additional excipients.
Claims
1. Composition pharmaceutique comportant du propofol, au moins une cyclodextrine et/ou un dérivé de cyclodextrine, au moins un sel pharmaceuticalement acceptable choisi parmi le chlorure de sodium, le sulfate de sodium, le chlorure de magnésium, le sulfate de magnésium, le chlorure de calcium, et le sulfate de calcium, caractérisée en ce que : 1. Pharmaceutical composition comprising propofol, at least one cyclodextrin and / or a cyclodextrin derivative, at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt chosen from sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, chloride calcium, and calcium sulphate, characterized in that:
- la composition se présente sous forme d’une solution limpide présentant une viscosité permettant sa stérilisation par filtration ; - the composition is in the form of a clear solution having a viscosity allowing its sterilization by filtration;
- ladite solution est incolore et apte au stockage sans dé-complexification du propofol. - Said solution is colorless and suitable for storage without de-complexification of propofol.
2. Composition selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle le propofol et ladite cyclodextrine ou dérivé de cyclodextrine sont présents dans un ratio molaire 1 : < 2. 2. Composition according to claim 1, in which the propofol and the said cyclodextrin or cyclodextrin derivative are present in a molar ratio of 1: <2.
3. Composition selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le propofol et ladite cyclodextrine ou ledit dérivé de cyclodextrine sont présents dans un ratio massique 1 : <15. 3. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the propofol and the said cyclodextrin or the said cyclodextrin derivative are present in a mass ratio of 1: <15.
Composition selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ladite solution est obtenue par ajout dudit sel dans une solution comportant ledit propofol et ladite cyclodextrine à une température supérieure à 2°C et inférieure à 20 °C, et de préférence inférieure à 15°C. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the said solution is obtained by adding the said salt to a solution comprising the said propofol and the said cyclodextrin at a temperature above 2°C and below 20°C, and preferably below 15 °C.
4. Composition selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu’elle contient en outre un solvant pharmaceuticalement acceptable, plus particulièrement un solvant polaire choisi parmi les alcools, l’eau, les acides carboxyliques, les amides et les mélanges d’au moins deux de ces solvants. 4. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it additionally contains a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, more particularly a polar solvent chosen from alcohols, water, carboxylic acids, amides and mixtures of at least two of these solvents.
5. Composition selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu’elle présente une viscosité adaptée pour une administration par voie parentérale. 5. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a viscosity suitable for parenteral administration.
6. Composition selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ladite cyclodextrine est choisie parmi les [3- cyclodextrines et/ou en ce que ledit dérivé de cyclodextrine est choisi parmi les dérivés de la [3-cyclodextrine en particulier parmi le groupe formé des 2- hydroxyalkyl-béta-cyclodextrine, plus particulièrement la 2-hydroxypropyl-béta- cyclodextrine et des alkyl éthers soufrés de cyclodextrine de formule (II) suivante :
6. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said cyclodextrin is chosen from [3-cyclodextrins and/or in that the said cyclodextrin derivative is chosen from derivatives of [3-cyclodextrin, in particular from the group formed by 2-hydroxyalkyl-beta-cyclodextrin, more particularly 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and sulfurized alkyl ethers of cyclodextrin of formula (II) below:
Dans laquelle : n est un entier égal à 4, 5 ou 6 et les radicaux R1 à R9 sont choisis indépendamment les uns des autres parmi un atome d’oxygène et un groupe -O-(C2-Ce alkylène)-SO3' et à la condition que au moins R1 ou R2 est un groupe -O-(C2-Ce alkylène)-SO3', de préférence un groupe de formule -O- (CH2)mSO3 dans laquelle m est en entier supérieur ou égal à 2 inférieur ou égal à 6, de préférence supérieur ou égal à 2 et inférieur ou égal à 4 et les groupements S1 à S9 sont choisis indépendamment les uns des autres parmi les sels pharmaceutiquement acceptables. Composition pharmaceutique selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu’elle contient de la 2-hydroxypropyl- [3- cyclodextrine dont le taux de substitution moyen d’un motif de glucopyranose est égal ou supérieur à 0,50 et égal ou inférieur à 0,71 et en particulier égal à 0,69. Composition pharmaceutique selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu’elle contient de la 2-hydroxypropyl-[3- cyclodextrine de masse molaire égale ou supérieure à 1 179 g et égale ou inférieure à 1676 g et en particulier égale à 1415,62g. Composition pharmaceutique selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu’elle contient uniquement un dérivé de cyclodextrine et en ce que ledit dérivé de cyclodextrine contient moins de 0,5% en masse de beta-cyclodextrine. Composition pharmaceutique selon l’une quelconque des revendications 3 à 8, caractérisée en ce qu’elle présente un pH inférieur à 8 et supérieur ou égal à 6 et en particulier égal ou supérieur à 6 et inférieur ou égal à 7,45 et/ou une osmolatité égale ou supérieure à 280 mOsmol/kg et inférieure ou égale à 300 mOsmol/kg.
Procédé de fabrication d’une composition selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que l’on ajoute sous agitation ledit sel dans un mélange de propofol et de cyclodextrine et/ou de dérivé de cyclodextrine à température ambiante ou à une température égale ou supérieure à 2°C et égale ou inférieure à 20°C puis en ce que l’on stérilise éventuellement la solution obtenue par filtration. Procédé selon la revendication 12, dans laquelle la température est inférieure à 10°C, et de préférence inférieure à 15°C.
In which: n is an integer equal to 4, 5 or 6 and the radicals R1 to R9 are chosen independently of each other from an oxygen atom and a group -O-(C2-Ce alkylene)-SO3' and the condition that at least R1 or R2 is a group -O-(C2-Ce alkylene)-SO3', preferably a group of formula -O-(CH2)mSO3 in which m is in full greater than or equal to 2 less than or equal to 6, preferably greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 4 and the groups S1 to S9 are chosen independently of one another from pharmaceutically acceptable salts. Pharmaceutical composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin whose mean degree of substitution of a glucopyranose unit is equal to or greater than 0.50 and equal or less than 0.71 and in particular equal to 0.69. Pharmaceutical composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains 2-hydroxypropyl-[3-cyclodextrin with a molar mass equal to or greater than 1179 g and equal to or less than 1676 g and in particular equal to 1415.62g. Pharmaceutical composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains only a cyclodextrin derivative and in that the said cyclodextrin derivative contains less than 0.5% by mass of beta-cyclodextrin. Pharmaceutical composition according to any one of Claims 3 to 8, characterized in that it has a pH of less than 8 and greater than or equal to 6 and in particular equal to or greater than 6 and less than or equal to 7.45 and/or an osmolatity equal to or greater than 280 mOsmol/kg and less than or equal to 300 mOsmol/kg. Process for the manufacture of a composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said salt is added with stirring to a mixture of propofol and cyclodextrin and/or cyclodextrin derivative at room temperature or at a temperature equal or greater than 2° C. and equal to or less than 20° C., then in that the solution obtained is optionally sterilized by filtration. Process according to Claim 12, in which the temperature is lower than 10°C, and preferably lower than 15°C.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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FR2012996A FR3117337B1 (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2020-12-10 | Pharmaceutical composition containing propofol, a cyclodextrin or a cyclodextrin derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt |
PCT/EP2021/085133 WO2022122992A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Pharmaceutical composition containing propofol, a cyclodextrin or a cyclodextrin derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt |
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EP4259214A1 true EP4259214A1 (en) | 2023-10-18 |
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EP21831313.8A Pending EP4259214A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Pharmaceutical composition containing propofol, a cyclodextrin or a cyclodextrin derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt |
Country Status (6)
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US (1) | US20240050588A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4259214A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2021398541A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3201193A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3117337B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2022122992A1 (en) |
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IN187686B (en) | 2000-06-21 | 2002-06-08 | Bharat Serums & Vaccines Ltd | |
US7034013B2 (en) | 2001-03-20 | 2006-04-25 | Cydex, Inc. | Formulations containing propofol and a sulfoalkyl ether cyclodextrin |
MXPA04007328A (en) | 2002-02-01 | 2005-07-05 | Shimoda Biotech Pty Ltd | Pharmaceutical composition. |
US9006216B2 (en) | 2009-09-09 | 2015-04-14 | Howard Martin | Biocidal aldehyde composition for oil and gas extraction |
EP2484350B1 (en) * | 2011-02-04 | 2016-04-20 | Roewer, Norbert, Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. | Pharmaceutical preparation containing a complex of a salt of propofol and a cyclodextrin |
US9492552B2 (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2016-11-15 | Jurox Pty Ltd | Injectable aqueous pharmaceutical compositions comprising a cyclodextrin, a hydrophobic drug, a co-solvent, and a preservative |
US10064954B2 (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2018-09-04 | Nian Wu | Polymer-cyclodextrin-lipid conjugates |
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2020
- 2020-12-10 FR FR2012996A patent/FR3117337B1/en active Active
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2021
- 2021-12-10 WO PCT/EP2021/085133 patent/WO2022122992A1/en active Application Filing
- 2021-12-10 AU AU2021398541A patent/AU2021398541A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-10 CA CA3201193A patent/CA3201193A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-10 US US18/256,719 patent/US20240050588A1/en active Pending
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FR3117337A1 (en) | 2022-06-17 |
FR3117337B1 (en) | 2023-04-28 |
CA3201193A1 (en) | 2022-06-16 |
WO2022122992A1 (en) | 2022-06-16 |
AU2021398541A9 (en) | 2024-05-30 |
US20240050588A1 (en) | 2024-02-15 |
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