EP4255729A1 - Laminated glazing with electrically controllable optical properties for a vehicle equipped with a semitransparent reflective printed inscription on the exterior face of a vehicle - Google Patents

Laminated glazing with electrically controllable optical properties for a vehicle equipped with a semitransparent reflective printed inscription on the exterior face of a vehicle

Info

Publication number
EP4255729A1
EP4255729A1 EP21839605.9A EP21839605A EP4255729A1 EP 4255729 A1 EP4255729 A1 EP 4255729A1 EP 21839605 A EP21839605 A EP 21839605A EP 4255729 A1 EP4255729 A1 EP 4255729A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laminated glazing
inscription
glass sheet
oxide
glass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21839605.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Benoit Rufino
Frédéric BERTHE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of EP4255729A1 publication Critical patent/EP4255729A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B32B17/10183—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer being not continuous, e.g. in edge regions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10247—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons
    • B32B17/10256—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons created by printing techniques
    • B32B17/10266—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons created by printing techniques on glass pane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
    • B32B17/10504—Liquid crystal layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10779—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyester
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/05—5 or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/202—Conductive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/412—Transparent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/416—Reflective
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a laminated glazing for a vehicle having electrically controllable optical properties.
  • the laminated glazing according to the invention indeed comprises a functional element of liquid crystals dispersed in a matrix of polymers, also called "CLDP" functional element (in English “polymer dispersed liquid crystal” or “PDLC functional element”) having optical properties electrically controllable, said glazing being provided with a printed inscription, consisting of a semi-transparent reflective layer, positioned on the exterior face of a vehicle.
  • Laminated glazing is commonly used in the field of transport, and more particularly in the windows of motor vehicles, naval vehicles and aircraft, such as in roof windows, as well as in construction.
  • Laminated glazing is generally composed of a first sheet of glass and a second sheet of glass, between which there is an interlayer. These glazings are manufactured by a known lamination process, for example by assembly under heat and pressure.
  • Laminated glazing having electrically controllable optical properties are known per se.
  • CLDP type functional elements are known for example in patent application DE 102008026339 A1.
  • the active layer of these functional elements contains liquid crystals which are embedded in a matrix of polymers.
  • no electric current also called “OFF state”
  • the liquid crystals are oriented in a disordered way, which causes a strong diffusion of light passing through the active layer.
  • the laminated glazing is then translucent.
  • the light transmission of the glazing in the visible range is then low.
  • an electric current also called “ON state”
  • the liquid crystals align in a common direction and the light transmission of the glazing in the visible range is then increased.
  • the laminated glazing is then transparent, it is then possible to see through the glazing.
  • the CLDP functional element thus makes it possible to avoid vision from the outside towards the inside of the vehicle, it protects the driver or passengers from dazzling, thereby improving their visual comfort.
  • a laminated glazing having electrically controllable optical properties of the CLDP type comprises a functional element of liquid crystals dispersed in a matrix of polymers located at the heart of an interlayer.
  • the functional element is thus arranged between the two outer layers of the interlayer; the two outer layers being of a thermoplastic material.
  • the functional element is then bonded to a first sheet of glass by one of the two outer layers of the spacer and to a second sheet of glass by the other outer layer of the spacer, thus forming said laminated glazing.
  • the functional element comprises at least one liquid crystal active layer, which is arranged between a first support film and a second support film.
  • the functional element also includes two electrically conductive layers for applying an electric current to the active layer.
  • the electrically conductive layers are arranged between the support films and the active layer of liquid crystals.
  • the functional element comprises, in the order indicated, at least one support film, an electrically conductive layer, a liquid crystal layer, another electrically conductive layer and another support film.
  • the Applicant has thus sought to decorate and/or personalize laminated glazing comprising a CLDP functional element as described above while preserving the optical properties of this type of glazing (that is to say a light transmission greater than zero, including in the ON state in the decorated area); said decoration or said inscription must also be sufficiently resistant to chemical and mechanical alterations.
  • the inscription specifically chosen by the Applicant to decorate and/or personalize such laminated glazing is a printed inscription, consisting of a reflective and semi-transparent layer. And, the Applicant has found that this inscription should be precisely positioned on the glass sheet of the laminated glazing comprising a CLDP located on the exterior face of the vehicle, and more particularly on the exterior face of said glass sheet (commonly called "face 1 (F1 ) of the outer glass sheet)).
  • the present application therefore relates to a laminated glazing for a vehicle provided with an inscription comprising an inner sheet of glass (1) and an outer sheet of glass (2), each comprising an inner face and an outer face, and comprising, between the inner faces of the two sheets of glass, an interlayer (3) comprising at least two outer layers (3a) and (3b) made of a material chosen from poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), poly(ethylene acetate vinyl) (EVA) and polyurethane (PU) and mixtures thereof, said outer layers being joined together by means of a functional element (4) of liquid crystals dispersed in a matrix of polymers, said functional element (4) comprising an active layer of liquid crystals (5) between two electrically conductive layers (6, 7), themselves arranged between two support films (8, 9), said glazing being characterized in that the inscription (10) consists by a layer semi-transparent reflective and said inscription is printed on the outer glass sheet (2) on the outer face (F1).
  • PVB poly(vinyl butyral)
  • EVA poly
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a laminated glazing according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the transparency in other words the light transmission "TL" of the glazing in the visible range is maintained at non-zero in the region where the printed inscription is located, the TL is much greater than 0%, i.e. that can be seen from inside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle through the printed inscription.
  • the transparency of the glass is thus still possible in the printed area, unlike an area of glazing provided with an inscription such as stickers, glued or screwed plastic parts;
  • the printed inscription is highly reflective and therefore visible from the outside, whether when the functional element included in the laminated glazing is in the OFF state or in the ON state; the inventors have also noticed that the region of the glazing provided with the layer forming the printed inscription according to the invention ie.
  • the region (or zone) of the glazing provided with the layer forming the printed inscription has, in the domain of the wavelengths of the visible spectrum, a light transmission greater than 0% and a reflection exterior light of between 10% and 30%, and preferably a light transmission of between 0.5% and 30% and an exterior light reflection of between 13% and 25%.
  • the printed inscription consisting of a semi-transparent reflective layer placed on the outer glass sheet on the outer face of said glass sheet, according to the invention, also has the advantage of being intimately bonded to the glass (by chemical bonds strong), it cannot detach from the glass as a sticker can do for example (cracking, tearing).
  • This printed inscription thus makes it possible to avoid the vandalism suffered by vehicles with glued plastic parts (for example the manufacturer's logo, pattern for a special series).
  • the laminated glazing is composed of a first inner glass sheet (1) and a second outer glass sheet (2), between which there is an insert (3).
  • the term “inner glass sheet” means a glass sheet facing the interior of the vehicle.
  • An “outer glass sheet” designates in the present application a glass sheet facing the external environment.
  • Each sheet of glass comprises an interior face and an exterior face. Between the inner faces of the two sheets of glass (1, 2) is the spacer (3).
  • the term “external face” of the external glass sheet (2) is understood to mean the face of said glass sheet directed towards the outside of the vehicle, commonly called “face 1” (F1). And, by “inner face” of the outer glass sheet (2) is meant the face of said glass sheet directed towards the interior of the vehicle, towards the spacer (3) and more precisely towards the outer layer (3b ) commonly called “face 2” (F2).
  • the inner and outer glass sheets (1, 2) are preferably made of soda-lime glass, as is usual for window panes.
  • the glass sheets can however also be made of other types of glass, for example quartz glass, borosilicate glass or aluminosilicate glass, or rigid transparent plastics, for example polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.
  • the thickness of the inner glass sheet and the outer glass sheet can vary considerably and thus be adapted to the various requirements.
  • the inner glass sheet and/or the outer glass sheet preferably have a thickness comprised between 0.5 mm and 15 mm and preferentially between 1 mm and 5 mm.
  • the inner glass sheet and/or the outer glass sheet comprises at least one coating.
  • This (these) coating(s) is(are) intended to give the glass substrate optical properties (mirror or anti-reflective layers), thermal (low-emissivity layers, solar control or anti-solar layers) or electrical properties (conductive layers transparent, antistatic layers).
  • the inner glass sheet and/or the outer glass sheet may also include other types of coatings, such as non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings or photocatalytic coatings.
  • the spacer (3) is arranged between the first and the second glass sheet, in other words between the inner glass sheet (1) and the outer glass sheet (2), as defined above, and more precisely between the inner faces of the two sheets of glass (1, 2).
  • the spacer according to the invention comprises at least two outer layers (3a) and (3b) made of a material chosen from poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) (EVA) and polyurethane (PU) and mixtures thereof, also called “skin layers”.
  • Said outer layers (3a, 3b) are assembled by means of a functional element (4) of liquid crystals dispersed in a matrix of polymers (CLDP), also called “internal layer” or “core”.
  • CLDP matrix of polymers
  • the two outer layers (3a, 3b) are made of the same material, but it is also possible for the two outer layers to be made of a different material.
  • the outer layer (3a) and/or the outer layer (3b) can have a thickness of between 0.2 mm and 2.0 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 0.9 mm and more preferably between 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm, and for example a thickness of 0.38 mm.
  • the two outer layers (3a) and (3b) are advantageously layers of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB). Also, these two outer layers of PVB can be clear, colored, or exhibited acoustic properties.
  • the outer layer (3a) and/or the outer layer (3b) of PVB can comprise at least one plasticizer.
  • aliphatic diesters of tri- or tetraethylene glycol such as triethylene glycol-bis-(2-ethyl hexanoate) are used as plasticizer.
  • Typical PVB outer layers used in a laminated glazing interlayer have a plasticizer content of at least 15% by weight.
  • the functional element (4) of liquid crystals dispersed in a matrix of polymers (CLDP), according to the invention, comprises an active layer of liquid crystals (5) between two electrically conductive layers (6, 7), themselves arranged between two support films (8, 9).
  • the active layer has controllable optical properties which can be controlled via an electric current applied to the levels of the two electroconductive layers each provided with an electrode.
  • the electrically conductive layers and the active layer are arranged parallel to the surfaces of the outer glass sheet and the inner glass sheet.
  • the electrodes are generally electrically connected to an external voltage source in known manner.
  • connection between the electrically conductive layers and the two support films, respectively is achieved for example by means of current lead connectors which can be obtained by screen printing, in particular based on silver, this screen printing is then covered with an adhesive having electrical properties and an electrical foil called a “bus bar”. Then, the electrical connection between the bus bars and the power supply is managed by appropriate wires or cables.
  • the electrically conductive layers are preferably designed as transparent electrically conductive layers.
  • the electrically conductive layers (6, 7) preferably contain at least one metal, metal alloy or transparent conductive oxide (TCO).
  • the electrically conductive layers can contain, for example, silver, gold, copper, nickel, chromium, tungsten, indium-tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide doped with gallium or aluminum doped, and/or fluorine doped or antimony doped tin oxide.
  • the electrically conductive layers preferably have a thickness ranging from 10 nm to 2 ⁇ m, more preferentially from 20 nm to 1 ⁇ m, and even more preferentially from 30 nm to 500 nm.
  • the thickness of the functional element is per example between 0.1 mm and 1 mm, and preferably between 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm.
  • the liquid crystal active layer (5) contains liquid crystals embedded in a polymer matrix. And, the active layer has controllable optical properties since when no electric current is applied (OFF state) on the two electrically conductive layers each provided with an electrode and which surround the active layer of liquid crystals, the liquid crystals are oriented in a disorderly manner, resulting in strong scattering of light passing through the active layer. When an electric current is applied (ON state) to said electroconductive layers, the liquid crystals align in a common direction and the light transmission through the active layer is increased.
  • the laminated glazing according to the invention is translucent, that is to say that the light transmission of the laminated glazing according to the invention in the field of visible is weak.
  • the laminated glazing according to the invention is transparent since the layer of liquid crystals passes under the action of the alternating electric field in the transparent state, it is then possible to see through the glass.
  • the light transmission of the laminated glazing in the ON state in the visible range is then increased compared to the light transmission of the laminated glazing in the OFF state.
  • the functional element (4) comprises an active layer of liquid crystals (5) located between two electrically conductive layers (6, 7), themselves placed between two support films (8, 9).
  • the functional element thus comprises, in the order indicated, at least one support film, an electrically conductive layer, a liquid crystal layer, another electrically conductive layer and another support film.
  • the support films in each case have an electrically conductive layer which faces an active layer of liquid crystals.
  • the support films are preferably made of a thermoplastic material such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or based on the latter.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the thickness of each support film is preferably between 50 ⁇ m and 400 ⁇ m and more preferably between 100 ⁇ m and 300 ⁇ m.
  • the inscription (10) can represent technical or non-technical information.
  • the inscription or the decoration can be a pattern, a drawing, a brand, a label or a manufacturer's logo, a word to designate a special series of vehicle, etc.
  • the size of the inscription can be at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.4 mm.
  • the printed inscription (10) completely covers the outer surface of the outer glass sheet (2).
  • the printed inscription partially covers the outer surface of said sheet of glass. More particularly, the printed inscription covers from 10% to 90% of the total surface of the glass sheet (2), preferably from 20% to 50% and more preferably from 30% to 40%.
  • the distance between an inscription and the edge of the glass sheet is advantageously at least 1.5 mm, preferably greater than 2 mm.
  • the inscription can consist of several characters.
  • the distance between two characters is at least 0.5 mm, in order to allow the two characters not to overlap and to be well separated after printing.
  • the inscription consisting of a semi-transparent reflective layer is printed on the outer glass sheet (2) on the outer face (F1) by wet deposition using a printing process such as screen printing, pad printing, or digital printing and preferably by screen printing.
  • the semi-transparent reflective layer forming the inscription is advantageously essentially constituted by one or more metal oxides.
  • the metal oxide can be chosen from aluminum oxide, tin oxide, titanium oxide, copper oxide, chromium oxide, cobalt oxide, iron, manganese oxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, yttrium oxide, silver oxide, gold oxide, platinum oxide and oxide of palladium and a mixture thereof.
  • the semi-transparent reflective layer forming the inscription consists essentially of titanium oxide.
  • the corresponding metal nitrates or chlorides or else the metal acetates, isopropanolates, acetylacetonates, salicylates or polyacrylates or mixtures thereof can be used as starting compounds for the metal oxides.
  • the semi-transparent reflective layer forming the printed inscription has a thickness comprised between 5 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m and preferably between 8 and 16 ⁇ m, in particular after the step of printing by screen printing, pad printing, or by digital printing. , preferably by screen printing.
  • the semi-transparent reflective layer according to the invention can be obtained from a sol-gel comprising a solution of the aforementioned metal oxides printable.
  • the metal is mostly bonded in a complex form and the sol-gel is applied specifically to the outer face (F1) of the outer glass sheet (2) by wet deposition using a printing process such as screen printing for example, then baked by heat treatment in air at a temperature between 500°C and 700°C.
  • sol-gel may include solvents and thickeners.
  • the solvents can be chosen from alcohols, glycols, polypropylene glycols and their derivatives.
  • Preferred solvents are alcohols such as ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, butanols and glycols such as di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- or hexamers of monoglycols, polypropylene glycols such as dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol and tetrapropylene glycol and their derivatives.
  • the use of tripropylene glycol methyl ether is most particularly preferred. Of course, two or more of these solvents or a mixture thereof can also be used.
  • the sol-gel can comprise cellulose derivatives such as methyl or ethyl cellulose or polyacrylic acids. Thickeners are used to adjust the viscosity required for the sol-gel so that it can be printed.
  • solvents and thickeners can also act as complexing agents for metals.
  • the sol-gel may contain additional additives common to all sol-gels.
  • the reflective and semi-transparent layer forming the printed inscription according to the invention being of inorganic nature has the advantage of better resisting UV, chemical and mechanical attack compared to decorative elements such as stickers, glued or screwed plastic parts.
  • the invention also relates to a rear window, a side window or a roof window of a vehicle comprising laminated glazing as described above.
  • the laminated glazing according to the invention can be used as rear window, side window or roof window of a motor vehicle.
  • the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing laminated glazing for a vehicle having electrically controllable optical properties comprising the following steps: a) providing an inner sheet of glass (1) and an outer sheet of glass ( 2), b) printing an inscription (10) consisting of a semi-reflecting layer transparent on the outer face (F1) of the outer glass sheet (2), c) firing said printed glass sheet by heat treatment in air at a temperature between 500°C and 700°C, d) carrying out the forming of the two said sheets of glass together or separately by heat treatment, e) separating the two sheets of glass formed, f) placing between the inner faces of the inner glass sheet (1) formed and the outer glass sheet (2) formed provided with the printed inscription, an insert (3) comprising:
  • first outer layer (3a) made of a material chosen from poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) (EVA) and polyurethane (PU) and mixtures thereof,
  • a functional element (4) comprising an active layer of liquid crystals (5) between two electrically conductive layers (6, 7), themselves arranged between two support films (8, 9), and
  • a second outer layer (3b) made of a material chosen from poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) (EVA) and polyurethane (PU) and mixtures thereof, g) assembling the two sheets of glass (1, 2) and the spacer (3) by rolling to form a laminated glazing, and
  • step b) of printing is carried out by screen printing, pad printing, or by digital printing and preferably by screen printing.
  • Step c) of baking the sheet of glass printed by heat treatment in air makes it possible to give the region (or zone) of the laminated glazing (once obtained) provided with the layer forming the printed inscription a good level of reflection external light in the visible (light reflected towards the external environment, towards the exterior of the vehicle).
  • vehicle having electrically controllable optical properties means vehicles provided with laminated glazing comprising a functional element of liquid crystals dispersed in a matrix of polymers (CLDP), as described above.
  • CLDP matrix of polymers
  • a sol-gel of the Lustreflex Silver® type from Ferro is deposited according to the decoration or the inscription represented by the black zones in figure 2 [Fig. 2], by wet deposition using a known screen printing process on the edge of a glass sheet of the Planiclear® type (marketed by the applicant company).
  • the inscription thus obtained consists of a semi-transparent reflective layer printed on a sheet of glass which will be placed in the examples below on a laminated glazing comprising a CLDP functional element on the exterior face of a vehicle.
  • the printed inscription partially covers the surface of the outer glass sheet since the printed inscription covers 40% of the total surface of the glass sheet.
  • a laminated glazing comprising a CLDP functional element of the following configuration I is prepared by successively arranging from an interior glass sheet (glass sheet facing the interior of a vehicle) of the Lowe® type (marketed by the company applicant) the following elements:
  • CLDP laminated glazing comprising a CLDP functional element of the following configuration II by successively arranging from a sheet Lowe®-type interior glass the following elements:
  • FIG. 2 [Fig. 2] represents a laminated glazing for a vehicle having electrically controllable optical properties provided with a printed inscription.
  • the measurements are carried out using a Perkin Elmer UV/Vis/NIR LAMBDA 900 spectrophotometer, with a transmission analysis spot size of 10 mm x 16 mm and a reflection analysis spot size of 4 mm x 16mm.
  • the TL corresponds to the luminous transmission indicating the radiant energy transmitted in the passenger compartment of the vehicle in the range of optical radiation of a standard illuminant D65.
  • the angle of incidence of light on laminated glazing is 90°.
  • the RLext corresponds to the exterior light reflection on the exterior side (light reflected towards the external environment, towards the exterior of a vehicle).
  • the light transmission of the glazing is maintained in the region where the printed inscription is located whether in the ON or OFF state, since the value of the TL for a glazing according to the invention is of the same order of magnitude as the TL obtained for a same laminated glazing but which does not include any inscription (cf. examples TL 1a ON and 2a ON according to the invention compared with examples TL 1c ON and 2c ON glazing without inscription respectively and examples TL 1a OFF and 2a OFF compared to examples TL 1 c OFF and 2c OFF respectively),
  • the RLext obtained for a laminated glazing comprising a CLDP element provided with an inscription printed on the outer face (on face 1) of the outer glass sheet is higher than the RLextobtained for laminated glazing comprising a CLDP element provided with an inscription printed on the inner face (on face 2) of the outer glass sheet; which shows the importance of the position of the inscription on a laminated glazing comprising a CLDP element (cf. examples RLext 1 a ON and 2a ON compared with examples RLext 1 b ON and 2b ON respectively and examples RLext 1 a OFF and 2a OFF compared to RLext examples 1b OFF and 2b OFF respectively).

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Abstract

The present invention relates to laminated glazing for a vehicle equipped with an inscription comprising an interior sheet of glass (1) and an exterior sheet of glass (2), each sheet comprising an interior face and an exterior face, and comprising, between the interior faces of the two sheets of glass, an interlayer (3) comprising at least two external layers (3a) and (3b) of a material selected from poly(vinyl byutyral) (PVB) poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) (EVA) and polyurethane (PU) and mixtures thereof, the external layers being assembled by means of a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal functional element (4), the functional element (4) comprising a liquid crystal active layer (5) between two electrically conducting layers (6, 7) themselves positioned between two support films (8, 9), the glazing being characterized in that the inscription (10) is made up of a semitransparent reflective layer and the inscription is printed on the exterior face (F1) of the exterior sheet of glass (2). The present invention also relates to a rear window, a side window, or a sunroof window of a vehicle comprising laminated glazing as described above and to the use of such laminated glazing as a rear window, side window or sunroof window of a motor vehicle. The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing laminated glazing for a vehicle having electrically controllable optical properties.

Description

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
TITRE DE L’INVENTION : Vitrage feuilleté avec propriétés optiques contrôlables électriquement pour véhicule muni d’une inscription imprimée réfléchissante semi-transparente sur la face extérieure d’un véhicule TITLE OF THE INVENTION: Laminated glazing with electrically controllable optical properties for vehicles provided with a semi-transparent reflective printed inscription on the exterior face of a vehicle
L’invention concerne un vitrage feuilleté pour véhicule ayant des propriétés optiques contrôlables électriquement. Le vitrage feuilleté selon l’invention comprend en effet un élément fonctionnel de cristaux liquides dispersés dans une matrice de polymères, nommé également élément fonctionnel « CLDP » (en anglais « polymer dispersed liquid crystal » or « PDLC functional element ») présentant des propriétés optiques contrôlables électriquement, ledit vitrage étant muni d’une inscription imprimée, constituée par une couche réfléchissante semi-transparente, positionnée sur la face extérieure d’un véhicule. The invention relates to a laminated glazing for a vehicle having electrically controllable optical properties. The laminated glazing according to the invention indeed comprises a functional element of liquid crystals dispersed in a matrix of polymers, also called "CLDP" functional element (in English "polymer dispersed liquid crystal" or "PDLC functional element") having optical properties electrically controllable, said glazing being provided with a printed inscription, consisting of a semi-transparent reflective layer, positioned on the exterior face of a vehicle.
Les vitrages feuilletés sont couramment utilisés dans le domaine des transports, et plus particulièrement dans les fenêtres de véhicules automobiles, navals et d’avions, comme par exemple dans les fenêtres de toit, ainsi que dans le bâtiment. Les vitrages feuilletés sont généralement composés d’une première feuille de verre et d’une deuxième feuille de verre, entre lesquelles se trouve un intercalaire. Ces vitrages sont fabriqués par un procédé de feuilletage connu, par exemple par assemblage à chaud et sous pression. Laminated glazing is commonly used in the field of transport, and more particularly in the windows of motor vehicles, naval vehicles and aircraft, such as in roof windows, as well as in construction. Laminated glazing is generally composed of a first sheet of glass and a second sheet of glass, between which there is an interlayer. These glazings are manufactured by a known lamination process, for example by assembly under heat and pressure.
Les vitrages feuilletés ayant des propriétés optiques contrôlables électriquement sont connus en soi. Et les éléments fonctionnels de type CLDP sont connus par exemple dans la demande de brevet DE 102008026339 A1. La couche active de ces éléments fonctionnels contient des cristaux liquides qui sont incorporés dans une matrice de polymères. Lorsqu'aucun courant électrique n'est appliqué, appelé aussi « état OFF », les cristaux liquides sont orientés de manière désordonnée, ce qui entraîne une forte diffusion de la lumière traversant la couche active. Le vitrage feuilleté est alors translucide. La transmission lumineuse du vitrage dans le domaine du visible est alors faible. Lorsqu'un courant électrique est appliqué, appelé aussi « état ON », les cristaux liquides s'alignent dans une direction commune et la transmission lumineuse du vitrage dans le domaine du visible est alors augmentée. Le vitrage feuilleté est alors transparent, il est alors possible de voir à travers le vitrage. L'élément fonctionnel CLDP permet ainsi d’éviter une vision de l’extérieur vers l’intérieur du véhicule, il protège de l’éblouissement le conducteur ou les passagers, en améliorant ainsi leur confort visuel. Laminated glazing having electrically controllable optical properties are known per se. And CLDP type functional elements are known for example in patent application DE 102008026339 A1. The active layer of these functional elements contains liquid crystals which are embedded in a matrix of polymers. When no electric current is applied, also called "OFF state", the liquid crystals are oriented in a disordered way, which causes a strong diffusion of light passing through the active layer. The laminated glazing is then translucent. The light transmission of the glazing in the visible range is then low. When an electric current is applied, also called “ON state”, the liquid crystals align in a common direction and the light transmission of the glazing in the visible range is then increased. The laminated glazing is then transparent, it is then possible to see through the glazing. The CLDP functional element thus makes it possible to avoid vision from the outside towards the inside of the vehicle, it protects the driver or passengers from dazzling, thereby improving their visual comfort.
De manière générale, un vitrage feuilleté ayant des propriétés optiques contrôlables électriquement de type CLDP comprend un élément fonctionnel de cristaux liquides dispersés dans une matrice de polymères situé au cœur d’un intercalaire. L’élément fonctionnel est ainsi disposé entre les deux couches externes de l’intercalaire ; les deux couches externes étant en un matériau thermoplastique. L’élément fonctionnel se trouve alors lié à une première feuille de verre par une des deux couches externes de l’intercalaire et à une deuxième feuille de verre par l’autre couche externe de l’intercalaire, formant ainsi ledit vitrage feuilleté. In general, a laminated glazing having electrically controllable optical properties of the CLDP type comprises a functional element of liquid crystals dispersed in a matrix of polymers located at the heart of an interlayer. The functional element is thus arranged between the two outer layers of the interlayer; the two outer layers being of a thermoplastic material. The functional element is then bonded to a first sheet of glass by one of the two outer layers of the spacer and to a second sheet of glass by the other outer layer of the spacer, thus forming said laminated glazing.
L'élément fonctionnel comprend au moins une couche active de cristaux liquides, qui est disposée entre un premier film de support et un second film de support. L'élément fonctionnel comprend également deux couches électroconductrices permettant d’appliquer un courant électrique à la couche active. Les couches électroconductrices sont disposées entre les films de support et la couche active de cristaux liquides. Ainsi l’élément fonctionnel comprend dans l'ordre indiqué, au moins un film de support, une couche électroconductrice, une couche de cristaux liquides, une autre couche électroconductrice et un autre film de support. The functional element comprises at least one liquid crystal active layer, which is arranged between a first support film and a second support film. The functional element also includes two electrically conductive layers for applying an electric current to the active layer. The electrically conductive layers are arranged between the support films and the active layer of liquid crystals. Thus the functional element comprises, in the order indicated, at least one support film, an electrically conductive layer, a liquid crystal layer, another electrically conductive layer and another support film.
Il est connu de décorer ou de personnaliser les vitrages de véhicule à l’aide d’inscriptions se présentant sous forme de stickers, de pièces plastiques à coller ou à visser, placées en face extérieure du véhicule, afin que celles-ci soient bien visibles de l’extérieur. Cependant, l’utilisation de ces différents modes d’inscriptions sur les vitrages feuilletés ayant des éléments fonctionnels de type CLDP (tels que ceux décrits ci-dessus) ont pour principal inconvénient de supprimer la transparence de ce type de vitrage notamment lorsque celui-ci se présente à l’état ON. Autrement dit, la transmission lumineuse dans le domaine du visible (nommée « TL ») dans la région du vitrage munie de ces formes d’inscriptions est égale à zéro. En effet, dans la zone du vitrage munie de ces inscriptions, il n’est plus possible de voir à travers le vitrage, notamment pour le conducteur ou le passager de l’intérieur du véhicule vers l’extérieur du véhicule, puisque ces inscriptions restent opaques que ce soit à l’état ON, ou à l’état OFF. En outre, de telles inscriptions peuvent être enlevées des vitrages sur lesquelles elles sont collées ou vissées pouvant alors engendrer des détériorations au sein desdits vitrages. De plus, ces inscriptions ne présentent pas de résistance suffisante aux agressions extérieures de type ultraviolet ou agents climatiques (haute humidité, pluie acide, fientes d’oiseau, etc...), ainsi qu’aux sollicitations mécaniques comme celles des agents de nettoyage de véhicule du type brosses de lavage, Karcher etc... It is known to decorate or personalize vehicle windows using inscriptions in the form of stickers, plastic parts to be glued or screwed, placed on the outside of the vehicle, so that they are clearly visible. from the outside. However, the main disadvantage of using these different modes of inscriptions on laminated glazing having functional elements of the CLDP type (such as those described above) is to eliminate the transparency of this type of glazing, in particular when the latter comes in the ON state. In other words, the light transmission in the visible range (denoted “TL”) in the region of the glazing provided with these forms of inscriptions is equal to zero. Indeed, in the zone of the glazing provided with these inscriptions, it is no longer possible to see through the glazing, in particular for the driver or the passenger from the interior of the vehicle towards the exterior of the vehicle, since these inscriptions remain opaque whether in the ON state, or in the OFF state. In addition, such inscriptions can be removed from the glazing on which they are glued or screwed, which can then cause damage within said glazing. In addition, these inscriptions do not have sufficient resistance to external attacks of the ultraviolet type or climatic agents (high humidity, acid rain, bird droppings, etc.), as well as to mechanical stresses such as those of cleaning agents. vehicle type washing brushes, Karcher etc ...
Le Demandeur a ainsi cherché à décorer et/ou à personnaliser un vitrage feuilleté comprenant un élément fonctionnel CLDP tel que décrit ci-dessus tout en préservant les propriétés optiques de ce type de vitrage (c’est-à-dire une transmission lumineuse supérieure à zéro, y compris à l’état ON dans la zone décorée) ; ledit décor ou ladite inscription devant également être suffisamment résistant aux altérations chimiques et mécaniques. The Applicant has thus sought to decorate and/or personalize laminated glazing comprising a CLDP functional element as described above while preserving the optical properties of this type of glazing (that is to say a light transmission greater than zero, including in the ON state in the decorated area); said decoration or said inscription must also be sufficiently resistant to chemical and mechanical alterations.
L’inscription spécifiquement choisie par le Demandeur pour décorer et/ou personnaliser un tel vitrage feuilleté est une inscription imprimée, constituée par une couche réfléchissante et semi-transparente. Et, le Demandeur a constaté que cette inscription devait être précisément positionnée sur la feuille de verre du vitrage feuilleté comprenant un CLDP située en face extérieure du véhicule, et plus particulièrement sur la face extérieure de ladite feuille de verre (communément appelée en « face 1 » (F1 ) de la feuille de verre extérieure)). The inscription specifically chosen by the Applicant to decorate and/or personalize such laminated glazing is a printed inscription, consisting of a reflective and semi-transparent layer. And, the Applicant has found that this inscription should be precisely positioned on the glass sheet of the laminated glazing comprising a CLDP located on the exterior face of the vehicle, and more particularly on the exterior face of said glass sheet (commonly called "face 1 (F1 ) of the outer glass sheet)).
La présente demande a donc pour objet un vitrage feuilleté pour véhicule muni d’une inscription comprenant une feuille de verre intérieure (1 ) et une feuille de verre extérieure (2), chacune comprenant une face intérieure et une face extérieure, et comprenant, entre les faces intérieures des deux feuilles de verre, un intercalaire (3) comprenant au moins deux couches externes (3a) et (3b) en un matériau choisi parmi le poly(butyral de vinyle) (PVB), le poly(éthylène-acétate de vinyle) (EVA) et le polyuréthane (PU) et les mélanges de ceux-ci, lesdites couches externes étant assemblées au moyen d’un élément fonctionnel (4) de cristaux liquides dispersés dans une matrice de polymères, ledit élément fonctionnel (4) comprenant une couche active de cristaux liquides (5) entre deux couches électroconductrices (6, 7), elles-mêmes disposées entre deux films de support (8, 9), ledit vitrage étant caractérisé en ce que l’inscription (10) est constituée par une couche réfléchissante semi-transparente et ladite inscription est imprimée sur la feuille de verre extérieure (2) en face extérieure (F1 ). The present application therefore relates to a laminated glazing for a vehicle provided with an inscription comprising an inner sheet of glass (1) and an outer sheet of glass (2), each comprising an inner face and an outer face, and comprising, between the inner faces of the two sheets of glass, an interlayer (3) comprising at least two outer layers (3a) and (3b) made of a material chosen from poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), poly(ethylene acetate vinyl) (EVA) and polyurethane (PU) and mixtures thereof, said outer layers being joined together by means of a functional element (4) of liquid crystals dispersed in a matrix of polymers, said functional element (4) comprising an active layer of liquid crystals (5) between two electrically conductive layers (6, 7), themselves arranged between two support films (8, 9), said glazing being characterized in that the inscription (10) consists by a layer semi-transparent reflective and said inscription is printed on the outer glass sheet (2) on the outer face (F1).
La figure 1 [Fig. 1] est une vue en tranche d’un vitrage feuilleté selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention. Figure 1 [Fig. 1] is a sectional view of a laminated glazing according to one embodiment of the invention.
Les inventeurs ont en effet constaté de manière surprenante que l’utilisation d’une inscription constituée par une couche réfléchissante semi-transparente et imprimée sur la face extérieure de la feuille de verre extérieure d’un vitrage feuilleté comprenant un élément fonctionnel CLDP, selon l’invention, permettait de maintenir, voire même d’améliorer les propriétés optiques d’un tel vitrage puisque : The inventors have in fact found, surprisingly, that the use of an inscription consisting of a semi-transparent reflective layer and printed on the outer face of the outer sheet of glass of a laminated glazing comprising a CLDP functional element, according to the invention, made it possible to maintain, or even improve the optical properties of such glazing since:
- à l’état ON c.-à-d. lorsqu’un courant électrique est appliqué au vitrage feuilleté, la transparence, autrement dit la transmission lumineuse « TL » du vitrage dans le domaine du visible est maintenue non nulle dans la région où se trouve l’inscription imprimée, la TL est bien supérieure à 0%, c.-à-d. qu’il est possible de voir de l’intérieur du véhicule vers l’extérieur du véhicule à travers l’inscription imprimée. La transparence du verre est ainsi encore possible dans la zone imprimée, contrairement à une zone d’un vitrage munie d’une inscription de type stickers, pièces plastique collées ou vissées ; - in the ON state i.e. when an electric current is applied to the laminated glazing, the transparency, in other words the light transmission "TL" of the glazing in the visible range is maintained at non-zero in the region where the printed inscription is located, the TL is much greater than 0%, i.e. that can be seen from inside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle through the printed inscription. The transparency of the glass is thus still possible in the printed area, unlike an area of glazing provided with an inscription such as stickers, glued or screwed plastic parts;
- l’inscription imprimée est bien réfléchissante et donc visible de l’extérieur que ce soit lorsque l’élément fonctionnel compris dans le vitrage feuilleté est à l’état OFF ou à l’état ON ; les inventeurs ont d’ailleurs remarqué que la région du vitrage munie de la couche formant l’inscription imprimée selon l’invention c.-à-d. sur la feuille de verre extérieure (2) en face extérieure (face de la feuille de verre dirigée vers l’extérieur du véhicule nommée communément « face 1 » (F1 )), présentait un niveau de réflexion lumineuse extérieure « RLext » dans le visible (lumière réfléchie vers l'environnement extérieur, vers l’extérieur du véhicule) amélioré, comparé à celui obtenu avec un élément décoratif de type stickers, pièces plastiques collées ou vissées, placés sur la face extérieure du véhicule ou bien comparé à celui obtenu avec une inscription imprimée constituée d’une couche réfléchissante et semi-transparente placée sur la feuille de verre extérieure mais située en face intérieure (face de la feuille de verre dirigée vers l’intérieur du véhicule, vers la couche externe de l’intercalaire, nommée communément « face 2 » (F2)). D’ailleurs, dans un mode de réalisation préféré, la région (ou zone) du vitrage muni de la couche formant l’inscription imprimée présente dans le domaine des longueurs d’ondes du spectre visible une transmission lumineuse supérieure à 0% et une réflexion lumineuse extérieure comprise entre 10% et 30%, et de préférence une transmission lumineuse comprise entre 0,5% et 30% et une réflexion lumineuse extérieure comprise entre 13% et 25%. - The printed inscription is highly reflective and therefore visible from the outside, whether when the functional element included in the laminated glazing is in the OFF state or in the ON state; the inventors have also noticed that the region of the glazing provided with the layer forming the printed inscription according to the invention ie. on the outer sheet of glass (2) on the outer face (side of the glass sheet directed towards the outside of the vehicle commonly called "face 1" (F1)), had an external light reflection level "RLext" in the visible (light reflected towards the external environment, towards the exterior of the vehicle) improved, compared to that obtained with a decorative element of the sticker type, glued or screwed plastic parts, placed on the exterior face of the vehicle or else compared to that obtained with a printed inscription consisting of a reflective and semi-transparent layer placed on the outer sheet of glass but located on the inside face (side of the glass sheet facing the interior of the vehicle, towards the outer layer of the spacer, called commonly "face 2" (F2)). Moreover, in a preferred embodiment, the region (or zone) of the glazing provided with the layer forming the printed inscription has, in the domain of the wavelengths of the visible spectrum, a light transmission greater than 0% and a reflection exterior light of between 10% and 30%, and preferably a light transmission of between 0.5% and 30% and an exterior light reflection of between 13% and 25%.
D’une manière générale, toutes les caractéristiques lumineuses présentées dans la présente description sont obtenues selon les principes et méthodes décrits dans la norme internationale ISO 9050 (2003) et la norme NF EN 410 (2011 ), se rapportant à la détermination des caractéristiques lumineuses des vitrages pour véhicules. In general, all the luminous characteristics presented in this description are obtained according to the principles and methods described in the international standard ISO 9050 (2003) and the standard NF EN 410 (2011), relating to the determination of the luminous characteristics glazing for vehicles.
L’inscription imprimée constituée par une couche réfléchissante semi- transparente placée sur la feuille de verre extérieure en face extérieure de ladite feuille de verre, selon l’invention, présente également l’avantage d’être intimement liée au verre (par des liaisons chimiques fortes), elle ne peut se détacher du verre comme peut le faire par exemple un sticker (craquèlement, arrachement). Cette inscription imprimée permet ainsi d’éviter le vandalisme que subissent les véhicules comportant des pièces plastiques collées (par exemple logo du constructeur, motif pour une série spéciale). The printed inscription consisting of a semi-transparent reflective layer placed on the outer glass sheet on the outer face of said glass sheet, according to the invention, also has the advantage of being intimately bonded to the glass (by chemical bonds strong), it cannot detach from the glass as a sticker can do for example (cracking, tearing). This printed inscription thus makes it possible to avoid the vandalism suffered by vehicles with glued plastic parts (for example the manufacturer's logo, pattern for a special series).
Selon l’invention, le vitrage feuilleté est composé d’une première feuille de verre intérieure (1 ) et d’une deuxième feuille de verre extérieure (2), entre lesquelles se trouve un intercalaire (3). According to the invention, the laminated glazing is composed of a first inner glass sheet (1) and a second outer glass sheet (2), between which there is an insert (3).
Selon l’invention, on entend par « feuille de verre intérieure », une feuille de verre faisant face à l’intérieur du véhicule. Une « feuille de verre extérieure » désigne dans la présente demande une feuille de verre faisant face à l'environnement extérieur. According to the invention, the term "inner glass sheet" means a glass sheet facing the interior of the vehicle. An “outer glass sheet” designates in the present application a glass sheet facing the external environment.
Chaque feuille de verre comprend une face intérieure et une face extérieure. Entre les faces intérieures des deux feuilles de verre (1 , 2) se trouve l’intercalaire (3). Each sheet of glass comprises an interior face and an exterior face. Between the inner faces of the two sheets of glass (1, 2) is the spacer (3).
Selon l’invention, on entend par « face extérieure » de la feuille de verre extérieure (2), la face de ladite feuille de verre dirigée vers l’extérieur du véhicule, nommée communément « face 1 » (F1 ). Et, on entend par « face intérieure » de la feuille de verre extérieure (2), la face de ladite feuille de verre dirigée vers l’intérieur du véhicule, vers l’intercalaire (3) et plus précisément vers la couche externe (3b) nommée communément « face 2 » (F2). Les feuilles de verre intérieure et extérieure (1 , 2) sont de préférence en verre sodocalcique, comme cela est habituel pour les vitres. Les feuilles de verre peuvent cependant également être réalisées en d'autres types de verre, par exemple en verre de quartz, en verre borosilicaté ou en verre aluminosilicaté, ou en plastiques transparents rigides, par exemple en polycarbonate ou en polyméthacrylate de méthyle. L'épaisseur de la feuille de verre intérieure et de la feuille de verre extérieure peut varier considérablement et ainsi être adaptée aux diverses exigences. La feuille de verre intérieure et/ou la feuille de verre extérieure ont de préférence une épaisseur comprise entre 0,5 mm et 15 mm et préférentiellement entre 1 mm et 5 mm. According to the invention, the term “external face” of the external glass sheet (2) is understood to mean the face of said glass sheet directed towards the outside of the vehicle, commonly called “face 1” (F1). And, by “inner face” of the outer glass sheet (2) is meant the face of said glass sheet directed towards the interior of the vehicle, towards the spacer (3) and more precisely towards the outer layer (3b ) commonly called “face 2” (F2). The inner and outer glass sheets (1, 2) are preferably made of soda-lime glass, as is usual for window panes. The glass sheets can however also be made of other types of glass, for example quartz glass, borosilicate glass or aluminosilicate glass, or rigid transparent plastics, for example polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate. The thickness of the inner glass sheet and the outer glass sheet can vary considerably and thus be adapted to the various requirements. The inner glass sheet and/or the outer glass sheet preferably have a thickness comprised between 0.5 mm and 15 mm and preferentially between 1 mm and 5 mm.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, la feuille de verre intérieure et/ou la feuille de verre extérieure comprend au moins un revêtement. Ce(s) revêtement(s) est(sont) destiné(s) à conférer au substrat en verre des propriétés optiques (couches miroirs ou antireflets), thermiques (couches bas-émissives, contrôle solaire ou couches antisolaires) ou électriques (couches conductrices transparentes, couches antistatiques). La feuille de verre intérieure et/ou la feuille de verre extérieure peuvent également comprendre d’autres types de revêtements, tels que des revêtements antiadhésifs, des revêtements anti-rayures ou des revêtements photocatalytiques. According to a preferred embodiment, the inner glass sheet and/or the outer glass sheet comprises at least one coating. This (these) coating(s) is(are) intended to give the glass substrate optical properties (mirror or anti-reflective layers), thermal (low-emissivity layers, solar control or anti-solar layers) or electrical properties (conductive layers transparent, antistatic layers). The inner glass sheet and/or the outer glass sheet may also include other types of coatings, such as non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings or photocatalytic coatings.
L’intercalaire (3) est agencé entre la première et la deuxième feuille de verre, autrement dit entre la feuille de verre intérieure (1 ) et la feuille de verre extérieure (2), telles que définies ci-dessus, et plus précisément entre les faces intérieures des deux feuilles de verre (1 , 2). L’intercalaire selon l’invention comprend au moins deux couches externes (3a) et (3b) en un matériau choisi parmi le poly(butyral de vinyle) (PVB), le poly(éthylène-acétate de vinyle) (EVA) et le polyuréthane (PU) et les mélanges de ceux-ci, également nommées « couches de peaux ». Lesdites couches externes (3a, 3b) sont assemblées au moyen d’un élément fonctionnel (4) de cristaux liquides dispersés dans une matrice de polymères (CLDP), également nommé « couche interne » ou « cœur ». Selon un mode réalisation préféré, les deux couches externes (3a, 3b) sont réalisées dans le même matériau, mais il est également possible que les deux couches externes soient réalisées dans un matériau différent. The spacer (3) is arranged between the first and the second glass sheet, in other words between the inner glass sheet (1) and the outer glass sheet (2), as defined above, and more precisely between the inner faces of the two sheets of glass (1, 2). The spacer according to the invention comprises at least two outer layers (3a) and (3b) made of a material chosen from poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) (EVA) and polyurethane (PU) and mixtures thereof, also called "skin layers". Said outer layers (3a, 3b) are assembled by means of a functional element (4) of liquid crystals dispersed in a matrix of polymers (CLDP), also called “internal layer” or “core”. According to a preferred embodiment, the two outer layers (3a, 3b) are made of the same material, but it is also possible for the two outer layers to be made of a different material.
La couche externe (3a) et/ou la couche externe (3b) peut présenter une épaisseur comprise entre 0,2 mm et 2,0 mm, de préférence entre 0,3 et 0,9 mm et plus préférentiellement entre 0,3 mm et 0,5 mm, et par exemple une épaisseur de 0,38 mm. Les deux couches externes (3a) et (3b) sont avantageusement des couches de poly(butyral de vinyle) (PVB). En outre, ces deux couches externes de PVB peuvent être claires, colorés, ou présentées des propriétés acoustiques. La couche externe (3a) et/ou la couche externe (3b) de PVB peut comprendre au moins un plastifiant. On utilise par exemple comme plastifiant des diesters aliphatiques de tri- ou tétraéthylèneglycol, tels que le triéthylèneglycol-bis-(2-éthyl hexanoate). Les couches externes de PVB typiques utilisées dans un intercalaire de vitrage feuilleté ont une teneur en plastifiant d’au moins 15% en poids. The outer layer (3a) and/or the outer layer (3b) can have a thickness of between 0.2 mm and 2.0 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 0.9 mm and more preferably between 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm, and for example a thickness of 0.38 mm. The two outer layers (3a) and (3b) are advantageously layers of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB). Also, these two outer layers of PVB can be clear, colored, or exhibited acoustic properties. The outer layer (3a) and/or the outer layer (3b) of PVB can comprise at least one plasticizer. For example, aliphatic diesters of tri- or tetraethylene glycol, such as triethylene glycol-bis-(2-ethyl hexanoate), are used as plasticizer. Typical PVB outer layers used in a laminated glazing interlayer have a plasticizer content of at least 15% by weight.
L’élément fonctionnel (4) de cristaux liquides dispersés dans une matrice de polymères (CLDP), selon l’invention, comprend une couche active de cristaux liquides (5) entre deux couches électroconductrices (6, 7), elles-mêmes disposées entre deux films de support (8, 9). La couche active possède des propriétés optiques contrôlables qui peuvent être contrôlées via un courant électrique appliqué aux niveaux des deux couches électroconductrices munies chacune d’une d’électrode. Les couches électroconductrices et la couche active sont disposées parallèlement aux surfaces de la feuille de verre extérieure et de la feuille de verre intérieure. Les électrodes sont de manière générale connectées électriquement à une source de tension externe de manière connue. En effet, la connexion entre les couches électroconductrices et les deux films de support, respectivement, est réalisée par exemple au moyen de connecteurs d’amenées de courant pouvant être obtenues par sérigraphie, notamment à base d’argent, cette sérigraphie est ensuite recouverte d’un adhésif ayant des propriétés électriques et d’un clinquant électrique appelé « bus bar ». Puis, la liaison électrique entre les bus bars et l’alimentation électrique est gérée par des fils ou des câbles appropriés. Les couches électroconductrices sont de préférence conçues sous forme de couches transparentes conductrices d’électricité. Les couches électroconductrices (6, 7) contiennent de préférence au moins un métal, un alliage métallique ou un oxyde conducteur transparent (TCO). Les couches électroconductrices peuvent contenir par exemple de l'argent, de l'or, du cuivre, du nickel, du chrome, du tungstène, de l'oxyde d'indium-étain (ITO), de l'oxyde de zinc dopé au gallium ou dopé à l'aluminium, et/ou de l'oxyde d’étain dopé au fluor ou dopé à l'antimoine. Les couches électroconductrices ont de préférence une épaisseur allant de 10 nm à 2 pm, plus préférentiellement de 20 nm à 1 pm, et encore plus préférentiellement de 30 nm à 500 nm. L'épaisseur de l'élément fonctionnel est par exemple comprise entre 0,1 mm et 1 mm, et de préférence comprise entre 0,2 mm et 0,5 mm. The functional element (4) of liquid crystals dispersed in a matrix of polymers (CLDP), according to the invention, comprises an active layer of liquid crystals (5) between two electrically conductive layers (6, 7), themselves arranged between two support films (8, 9). The active layer has controllable optical properties which can be controlled via an electric current applied to the levels of the two electroconductive layers each provided with an electrode. The electrically conductive layers and the active layer are arranged parallel to the surfaces of the outer glass sheet and the inner glass sheet. The electrodes are generally electrically connected to an external voltage source in known manner. Indeed, the connection between the electrically conductive layers and the two support films, respectively, is achieved for example by means of current lead connectors which can be obtained by screen printing, in particular based on silver, this screen printing is then covered with an adhesive having electrical properties and an electrical foil called a “bus bar”. Then, the electrical connection between the bus bars and the power supply is managed by appropriate wires or cables. The electrically conductive layers are preferably designed as transparent electrically conductive layers. The electrically conductive layers (6, 7) preferably contain at least one metal, metal alloy or transparent conductive oxide (TCO). The electrically conductive layers can contain, for example, silver, gold, copper, nickel, chromium, tungsten, indium-tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide doped with gallium or aluminum doped, and/or fluorine doped or antimony doped tin oxide. The electrically conductive layers preferably have a thickness ranging from 10 nm to 2 μm, more preferentially from 20 nm to 1 μm, and even more preferentially from 30 nm to 500 nm. The thickness of the functional element is per example between 0.1 mm and 1 mm, and preferably between 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm.
La couche active de cristaux liquides (5) contient des cristaux liquides incorporés dans une matrice de polymères. Et, la couche active possède des propriétés optiques contrôlables puisque lorsqu'aucun courant électrique n'est appliqué (état OFF) sur les deux couches électroconductrices munies chacune d’une électrode et qui entourent la couche active de cristaux liquides, les cristaux liquides sont orientés de manière désordonnée, entraînant une forte diffusion de la lumière traversant la couche active. Lorsqu'un courant électrique est appliqué (état ON) sur lesdites couches électroconductrices, les cristaux liquides s'alignent dans une direction commune et la transmission lumineuse à travers la couche active est augmentée. Ainsi, lorsqu’aucun courant électrique n’est appliqué, à l’état OFF, le vitrage feuilleté selon l’invention est translucide, c'est-à-dire que la transmission lumineuse du vitrage feuilleté selon l’invention dans le domaine du visible est faible. Dès que le courant est mis sous tension, à l’état ON, le vitrage feuilleté selon l’invention est transparent puisque la couche de cristaux liquides passe sous l'action du champ électrique alternatif à l'état transparent, il est alors possible de voir à travers le vitrage. La transmission lumineuse du vitrage feuilleté à l’état ON dans le domaine du visible est alors augmentée par rapport la transmission lumineuse du vitrage feuilleté à l’état OFF. The liquid crystal active layer (5) contains liquid crystals embedded in a polymer matrix. And, the active layer has controllable optical properties since when no electric current is applied (OFF state) on the two electrically conductive layers each provided with an electrode and which surround the active layer of liquid crystals, the liquid crystals are oriented in a disorderly manner, resulting in strong scattering of light passing through the active layer. When an electric current is applied (ON state) to said electroconductive layers, the liquid crystals align in a common direction and the light transmission through the active layer is increased. Thus, when no electric current is applied, in the OFF state, the laminated glazing according to the invention is translucent, that is to say that the light transmission of the laminated glazing according to the invention in the field of visible is weak. As soon as the current is switched on, in the ON state, the laminated glazing according to the invention is transparent since the layer of liquid crystals passes under the action of the alternating electric field in the transparent state, it is then possible to see through the glass. The light transmission of the laminated glazing in the ON state in the visible range is then increased compared to the light transmission of the laminated glazing in the OFF state.
L'élément fonctionnel (4) selon l’invention comprend une couche active de cristaux liquides (5) située entre deux couches électroconductrices (6, 7), elles-mêmes disposées entre deux films de support (8, 9). L’élément fonctionnel comprend ainsi dans l'ordre indiqué, au moins un film de support, une couche électroconductrice, une couche de cristaux liquides, une autre couche électroconductrice et un autre film de support. Les films de support ont dans chaque cas une couche électroconductrice qui fait face à une couche active de cristaux liquides. Les films de supports sont de préférence en un matériau thermoplastique tel que polyéthylène téréphtalate (PET) ou à base de celui-ci. L'épaisseur de chaque film de support est comprise de préférence entre 50 pm et 400 pm et plus préférentiellement entre 100 pm et 300 pm. The functional element (4) according to the invention comprises an active layer of liquid crystals (5) located between two electrically conductive layers (6, 7), themselves placed between two support films (8, 9). The functional element thus comprises, in the order indicated, at least one support film, an electrically conductive layer, a liquid crystal layer, another electrically conductive layer and another support film. The support films in each case have an electrically conductive layer which faces an active layer of liquid crystals. The support films are preferably made of a thermoplastic material such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or based on the latter. The thickness of each support film is preferably between 50 μm and 400 μm and more preferably between 100 μm and 300 μm.
L’inscription (10) peut représenter une information technique ou non technique. Ainsi, l’inscription ou le décor peut être un motif, un dessin, une marque, une griffe ou un logo d’un constructeur, un mot pour désigner une série spéciale de véhicule, ... La taille de l’inscription peut être au moins de 0,2 mm, de préférence au moins de 0,4 mm. Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, l’inscription imprimée (10) recouvre entièrement la surface extérieure de la feuille de verre extérieure (2). Dans un autre mode réalisation, l’inscription imprimée recouvre partiellement la surface extérieure de ladite feuille de verre. Plus particulièrement, l’inscription imprimée recouvre de 10% à 90% de la surface totale de la feuille de verre (2), de préférence de 20% à 50% et plus préférentiellement de 30% à 40%. La distance entre une inscription et le bord de la feuille de verre est avantageusement d’au moins 1 ,5 mm, de préférence supérieure à 2 mm. L’inscription peut comprendre plusieurs caractères. La distance entre deux caractères est d’au moins 0,5 mm, afin de permettre aux deux caractères de ne pas se chevaucher et d’être bien séparés après impression. The inscription (10) can represent technical or non-technical information. Thus, the inscription or the decoration can be a pattern, a drawing, a brand, a label or a manufacturer's logo, a word to designate a special series of vehicle, etc. The size of the inscription can be at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.4 mm. In a particular embodiment, the printed inscription (10) completely covers the outer surface of the outer glass sheet (2). In another embodiment, the printed inscription partially covers the outer surface of said sheet of glass. More particularly, the printed inscription covers from 10% to 90% of the total surface of the glass sheet (2), preferably from 20% to 50% and more preferably from 30% to 40%. The distance between an inscription and the edge of the glass sheet is advantageously at least 1.5 mm, preferably greater than 2 mm. The inscription can consist of several characters. The distance between two characters is at least 0.5 mm, in order to allow the two characters not to overlap and to be well separated after printing.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, l’inscription constituée d’une couche réfléchissante semi-transparente est imprimée sur la feuille de verre extérieure (2) en face extérieure (F1 ) par dépôt par voie humide selon un procédé d’impression telle que la sérigraphie, la tampographie, ou l’impression digitale et de préférence par sérigraphie. According to a preferred embodiment, the inscription consisting of a semi-transparent reflective layer is printed on the outer glass sheet (2) on the outer face (F1) by wet deposition using a printing process such as screen printing, pad printing, or digital printing and preferably by screen printing.
La couche réfléchissante semi-transparente formant l’inscription est avantageusement essentiellement constituée par un ou plusieurs oxydes métalliques. The semi-transparent reflective layer forming the inscription is advantageously essentially constituted by one or more metal oxides.
L’oxyde métallique peut être choisi parmi l'oxyde d’aluminium, l'oxyde d’étain, l'oxyde de titane, l'oxyde de cuivre, l'oxyde de chrome, l'oxyde de cobalt, l'oxyde de fer, l’oxyde de manganèse, l’oxyde de zirconium, l’oxyde de cérium, l'oxyde d’yttrium, l'oxyde d’argent, l'oxyde d’or, l'oxyde de platine et l'oxyde de palladium et un mélange de ceux- ci. De préférence, la couche réfléchissante semi-transparente formant l’inscription est essentiellement constituée d’oxyde de titane. Les nitrates ou chlorures métalliques correspondants ou encore les acétates, isopropanolates, acétylacétonates, salicylates ou polyacrylates métalliques ou leurs mélanges peuvent être utilisés comme composés de départ des oxydes métalliques. The metal oxide can be chosen from aluminum oxide, tin oxide, titanium oxide, copper oxide, chromium oxide, cobalt oxide, iron, manganese oxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, yttrium oxide, silver oxide, gold oxide, platinum oxide and oxide of palladium and a mixture thereof. Preferably, the semi-transparent reflective layer forming the inscription consists essentially of titanium oxide. The corresponding metal nitrates or chlorides or else the metal acetates, isopropanolates, acetylacetonates, salicylates or polyacrylates or mixtures thereof can be used as starting compounds for the metal oxides.
Avantageusement, la couche réfléchissante semi-transparente formant l’inscription imprimée présente une épaisseur comprise entre 5 pm et 50 pm et de préférence entre 8 et 16 pm, en particuliers après l’étape d’impression par sérigraphie, tampographie, ou par impression digitale, de préférence par sérigraphie. Advantageously, the semi-transparent reflective layer forming the printed inscription has a thickness comprised between 5 μm and 50 μm and preferably between 8 and 16 μm, in particular after the step of printing by screen printing, pad printing, or by digital printing. , preferably by screen printing.
La couche réfléchissante semi-transparente selon l’invention peut être obtenue à partir d’un sol-gel comprenant une solution d’oxydes métalliques précités imprimable. Le métal est dans ce cas particulier majoritairement lié sous une forme complexe et le sol-gel est appliqué spécifiquement sur la face extérieure (F1 ) de la feuille de verre extérieure (2) par dépôt par voie humide selon un procédé d’impression telle que la sérigraphie par exemple, puis cuit par traitement thermique sous air à une température comprise entre 500°C et 700°C. The semi-transparent reflective layer according to the invention can be obtained from a sol-gel comprising a solution of the aforementioned metal oxides printable. In this particular case, the metal is mostly bonded in a complex form and the sol-gel is applied specifically to the outer face (F1) of the outer glass sheet (2) by wet deposition using a printing process such as screen printing for example, then baked by heat treatment in air at a temperature between 500°C and 700°C.
De plus, le sol-gel peut comprendre des solvants et des épaississants. Additionally, the sol-gel may include solvents and thickeners.
Les solvants peuvent être choisis parmi les alcools, les glycols, les polypropylène glycols et leurs dérivés. Les solvants préférés sont des alcools tels que l'éthanol, le n- propanol, l'isopropanol, les butanols et les glycols tels que les di-, tri-, tétra-, penta- ou hexamères des monoglycols, les polypropylène glycols tels que le dipropylène glycol, le tripropylène glycol et le tétrapropylène glycol et leurs dérivés. L'utilisation d'éther méthylique de tripropylène glycol est tout particulièrement préférée. Bien entendu, deux ou plusieurs de ces solvants ou un mélange de ceux-ci peuvent également être utilisés. The solvents can be chosen from alcohols, glycols, polypropylene glycols and their derivatives. Preferred solvents are alcohols such as ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, butanols and glycols such as di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- or hexamers of monoglycols, polypropylene glycols such as dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol and tetrapropylene glycol and their derivatives. The use of tripropylene glycol methyl ether is most particularly preferred. Of course, two or more of these solvents or a mixture thereof can also be used.
Comme épaississant, le sol-gel peut comprendre des dérivés cellulosiques tels que la méthyl ou éthylcellulose ou des acides polyacryliques. Les épaississants sont utilisés pour ajuster la viscosité requise pour le sol-gel afin qu’il puisse être imprimé. As thickener, the sol-gel can comprise cellulose derivatives such as methyl or ethyl cellulose or polyacrylic acids. Thickeners are used to adjust the viscosity required for the sol-gel so that it can be printed.
Selon un mode préféré de l’invention, les solvants et les épaississants peuvent également jouer le rôle d'agents complexant pour les métaux. According to a preferred mode of the invention, solvents and thickeners can also act as complexing agents for metals.
Le sol-gel peut contenir des additifs supplémentaires communs à tous les sol-gels. The sol-gel may contain additional additives common to all sol-gels.
Ainsi, la couche réfléchissante et semi-transparente formant l’inscription imprimée selon l’invention étant de nature inorganique présente l’avantage de mieux résister aux agressions UV, chimiques et mécaniques comparée aux éléments décoratifs de type stickers, pièce plastique collée ou vissée. Thus, the reflective and semi-transparent layer forming the printed inscription according to the invention being of inorganic nature has the advantage of better resisting UV, chemical and mechanical attack compared to decorative elements such as stickers, glued or screwed plastic parts.
L’invention a également pour objet une lunette arrière, une vitre latérale ou une vitre de toit d’un véhicule comprenant un vitrage feuilleté tel que décrit précédemment. The invention also relates to a rear window, a side window or a roof window of a vehicle comprising laminated glazing as described above.
En effet, le vitrage feuilleté selon l’invention peut être utilisé comme lunette arrière, vitre latérale ou vitre de toit de véhicule automobile. Indeed, the laminated glazing according to the invention can be used as rear window, side window or roof window of a motor vehicle.
L’invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d’un vitrage feuilleté pour véhicule ayant des propriétés optiques électriquement contrôlables comprenant les étapes suivantes : a) se munir d’une feuille de verre intérieure (1 ) et d’une feuille de verre extérieure (2), b) imprimer une inscription (10) constituée par une couche réfléchissante semi- transparente sur la face extérieure (F1 ) de la feuille de verre extérieure (2), c) cuire ladite feuille de verre imprimée par traitement thermique sous air à une température comprise entre 500°C et 700°C, d) effectuer le formage des deux dites feuilles de verre ensemble ou séparément par traitement thermique, e) séparer les deux feuilles de verres formées, f) disposer entre les faces intérieures de la feuille de verre intérieure (1 ) formée et de la feuille de verre extérieure (2) formée munie de l’inscription imprimée, un intercalaire (3) comprenant : The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing laminated glazing for a vehicle having electrically controllable optical properties comprising the following steps: a) providing an inner sheet of glass (1) and an outer sheet of glass ( 2), b) printing an inscription (10) consisting of a semi-reflecting layer transparent on the outer face (F1) of the outer glass sheet (2), c) firing said printed glass sheet by heat treatment in air at a temperature between 500°C and 700°C, d) carrying out the forming of the two said sheets of glass together or separately by heat treatment, e) separating the two sheets of glass formed, f) placing between the inner faces of the inner glass sheet (1) formed and the outer glass sheet (2) formed provided with the printed inscription, an insert (3) comprising:
- une première couche externe (3a) en un matériau choisi parmi le poly(butyral de vinyle) (PVB), le poly(éthylène-acétate de vinyle) (EVA) et le polyuréthane (PU) et les mélanges de ceux-ci, - a first outer layer (3a) made of a material chosen from poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) (EVA) and polyurethane (PU) and mixtures thereof,
- un élément fonctionnel (4) comprenant une couche active de cristaux liquides (5) entre deux couches électroconductrices (6, 7), elles-mêmes disposées entre deux films de support (8, 9), et - a functional element (4) comprising an active layer of liquid crystals (5) between two electrically conductive layers (6, 7), themselves arranged between two support films (8, 9), and
- une seconde couche externe (3b) en un matériau choisi parmi le poly(butyral de vinyle) (PVB), le poly(éthylène-acétate de vinyle) (EVA) et le polyuréthane (PU) et les mélanges de ceux-ci, g) assembler les deux feuilles de verre (1 ,2) et l’intercalaire (3) par laminage pour former un vitrage feuilleté, et - a second outer layer (3b) made of a material chosen from poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) (EVA) and polyurethane (PU) and mixtures thereof, g) assembling the two sheets of glass (1, 2) and the spacer (3) by rolling to form a laminated glazing, and
(e) dégazer par autoclavage ledit vitrage feuilleté. (e) degassing said laminated glazing by autoclaving.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, l’étape b) d’impression est réalisée par sérigraphie, tampographie, ou par impression digitale et de préférence par sérigraphie. L’étape c) de cuisson de la feuille de verre imprimée par traitement thermique sous air permet de conférer à la région (ou zone) du vitrage feuilleté (une fois obtenu) munie de la couche formant l’inscription imprimée un bon niveau de réflexion lumineuse extérieure dans le visible (lumière réfléchie vers l'environnement extérieur, vers l’extérieur du véhicule). In a preferred embodiment, step b) of printing is carried out by screen printing, pad printing, or by digital printing and preferably by screen printing. Step c) of baking the sheet of glass printed by heat treatment in air makes it possible to give the region (or zone) of the laminated glazing (once obtained) provided with the layer forming the printed inscription a good level of reflection external light in the visible (light reflected towards the external environment, towards the exterior of the vehicle).
Dans toute la description de la présente demande, on entend par véhicule « ayant des propriétés optiques électriquement contrôlables », des véhicules munies d’un vitrage feuilleté comprenant un élément fonctionnel de cristaux liquides dispersés dans une matrice de polymères (CLDP), tel que décrit ci-dessus. Les exemples qui suivent sont donnés à titre purement illustratifs et ne limitent sous aucun des aspects décrits la portée de la présente invention. Tous les vitrages feuilletés des exemples présentent des propriétés optiques contrôlables électriquement. Throughout the description of the present application, the term “vehicle having electrically controllable optical properties” means vehicles provided with laminated glazing comprising a functional element of liquid crystals dispersed in a matrix of polymers (CLDP), as described above. The examples which follow are given purely by way of illustration and do not limit the scope of the present invention under any of the aspects described. All the laminated glazings of the examples have electrically controllable optical properties.
Exemples Examples
Dans ces exemples, on dépose un sol-gel de type Lustreflex Silver® de Ferro suivant le décor ou l’inscription représentée par les zones noires de la figure 2 [Fig. 2], par dépôt par voie humide selon un procédé d’impression par sérigraphie connu en bordure d’une feuille de verre de type Planiclear® (commercialisée par la société déposante). L’inscription ainsi obtenue est constituée par une couche réfléchissante semi-transparente et imprimée sur une feuille de verre qui sera disposée dans les exemples ci-dessous sur un vitrage feuilleté comprenant un élément fonctionnel CLDP en face extérieure d’un véhicule. In these examples, a sol-gel of the Lustreflex Silver® type from Ferro is deposited according to the decoration or the inscription represented by the black zones in figure 2 [Fig. 2], by wet deposition using a known screen printing process on the edge of a glass sheet of the Planiclear® type (marketed by the applicant company). The inscription thus obtained consists of a semi-transparent reflective layer printed on a sheet of glass which will be placed in the examples below on a laminated glazing comprising a CLDP functional element on the exterior face of a vehicle.
Comme on peut le voir dans la figure 2 [Fig. 2], l’inscription imprimée recouvre partiellement la surface de la feuille de verre extérieure puisque l’inscription imprimée recouvre 40% de la surface totale de la feuille de verre. As can be seen in Figure 2 [Fig. 2], the printed inscription partially covers the surface of the outer glass sheet since the printed inscription covers 40% of the total surface of the glass sheet.
On prépare un vitrage feuilleté comprenant un élément fonctionnel CLDP de configuration I suivante en disposant successivement à partir d’une feuille de verre intérieure (feuille de verre faisant face à l’intérieur d’un véhicule) de type Lowe® (commercialisée par la société déposante) les éléments suivants : A laminated glazing comprising a CLDP functional element of the following configuration I is prepared by successively arranging from an interior glass sheet (glass sheet facing the interior of a vehicle) of the Lowe® type (marketed by the company applicant) the following elements:
- une couche de PVB de couleur grise et présentant une épaisseur de 0,38 mm (correspondant à la première couche externe de PVB), - a layer of gray PVB with a thickness of 0.38 mm (corresponding to the first outer layer of PVB),
- un élément fonctionnel CLDP, - a CLDP functional element,
- une couche de PVB de couleur grise et présentant une épaisseur de 0,38 mm,- a layer of gray PVB with a thickness of 0.38 mm,
- une couche de PET, - a layer of PET,
- une couche de PVB de couleur claire et présentant une épaisseur de 0,38 mm (correspondant à la deuxième couche externe de PVB), et - a layer of light-coloured PVB with a thickness of 0.38 mm (corresponding to the second outer layer of PVB), and
- une feuille de verre extérieure (feuille de verre faisant face à l'environnement extérieur d’un véhicule) de type Planiclear® munie de l’inscription réfléchissante semi- transparente imprimée puis cuite par traitement thermique sous air. - an outer sheet of glass (sheet of glass facing the exterior environment of a vehicle) of the Planiclear® type provided with the semi-transparent reflective inscription printed then baked by heat treatment in air.
On prépare un autre vitrage feuilleté CLDP comprenant un élément fonctionnel CLDP de configuration II suivante en disposant successivement à partir d’une feuille de verre intérieure de type Lowe® les éléments suivants : Another CLDP laminated glazing is prepared comprising a CLDP functional element of the following configuration II by successively arranging from a sheet Lowe®-type interior glass the following elements:
- une couche de PVB de couleur claire et présentant une épaisseur de 0,38 mm (correspondant à la première couche externe de PVB), - a layer of light-colored PVB with a thickness of 0.38 mm (corresponding to the first outer layer of PVB),
- un élément fonctionnel CLDP, - a CLDP functional element,
- une couche de PVB de couleur grise et présentant une épaisseur de 0,38 mm,- a layer of gray PVB with a thickness of 0.38 mm,
- une couche de PET, - a layer of PET,
- une couche de PVB de couleur claire et présentant une épaisseur de 0,38 mm (correspondant à la deuxième couche externe de PVB), et - a layer of light-coloured PVB with a thickness of 0.38 mm (corresponding to the second outer layer of PVB), and
- une feuille de verre extérieure (feuille de verre faisant face à l'environnement extérieur d’un véhicule) de type Planiclear® munie de l’inscription réfléchissante semi- transparente imprimée puis cuite par traitement thermique sous air. - an outer sheet of glass (sheet of glass facing the exterior environment of a vehicle) of the Planiclear® type provided with the semi-transparent reflective inscription printed then baked by heat treatment in air.
Pour chacune des configurations I ou II de vitrage feuilleté décrites ci-dessus, l’inscription constituée par une couche réfléchissante semi-transparente est imprimée :For each of the laminated glazing configurations I or II described above, the inscription consisting of a semi-transparent reflective layer is printed:
- soit sur la face extérieure de la feuille de verre extérieure (face de la feuille de verre dirigée vers l’extérieur du véhicule nommé communément « face 1 » (F1 )), comme dans les exemples suivants : n°1a (config. I + (F1 )) et 2a (config. Il + (F1 )), selon l’invention, - either on the outer face of the outer glass sheet (side of the glass sheet directed towards the outside of the vehicle commonly called "side 1" (F1)), as in the following examples: n°1a (config. I + (F1)) and 2a (config. Il + (F1)), according to the invention,
- soit sur la face intérieure de la feuille de verre extérieure (face de la feuille de verre dirigée vers l’intérieur du véhicule, vers la couche externe de PVB, nommée communément « face 2 » (F2)), selon les exemples comparatifs suivants : n°1 b (config. I + (F2)) et 2b (config. Il + (F2)), et - either on the inner face of the outer glass sheet (side of the glass sheet directed towards the interior of the vehicle, towards the outer layer of PVB, commonly called "side 2" (F2)), according to the following comparative examples : n°1 b (config. I + (F2)) and 2b (config. Il + (F2)), and
- soit aucune inscription n’est imprimée sur la feuille de verre extérieure selon les exemples suivants n°1 c (config. I) et 2c (config. II). - either no inscription is printed on the outer glass sheet according to the following examples n°1 c (config. I) and 2c (config. II).
Puis, on applique un courant électrique (état ON), ou non (état OFF), à chacun des vitrages feuilletés (c.-à-d. à chacun des exemples 1 a, 1 b, 1c et 2a, 2b, 2c, ci- dessous), et les valeurs de transmissions lumineuses TL et les réflexions lumineuses extérieures RLextsont mesurées sur la zone (ou région) du vitrage munie de la couche réfléchissante semi-transparente formant l’inscription imprimée, telle que représentée dans la figure 2 [Fig. 2], dans la gamme du spectre visible (longueurs d’ondes entre 380 nm à 780 nm), selon les méthodes décrites dans la norme NF EN 410 (2011 ). En effet, la figure 2 [Fig. 2] représente un vitrage feuilleté pour véhicule ayant des propriétés optiques électriquement contrôlables muni d’une inscription imprimée. Les mesures sont effectuées à l’aide d’un spectrophotomètre Perkin Elmer UV/Vis/NIR LAMBDA 900, avec une taille du spot d’analyse en transmission de 10 mm x 16 mm et une taille du spot d’analyse en réflexion de 4 mm x 16 mm. Then, an electric current is applied (ON state), or not (OFF state), to each of the laminated glazings (i.e. to each of the examples 1a, 1b, 1c and 2a, 2b, 2c, below), and the light transmission values TL and the external light reflections RLext are measured on the zone (or region) of the glazing provided with the semi-transparent reflective layer forming the printed inscription, as represented in figure 2 [ Fig. 2], in the visible spectrum range (wavelengths between 380 nm to 780 nm), according to the methods described in standard NF EN 410 (2011). Indeed, FIG. 2 [Fig. 2] represents a laminated glazing for a vehicle having electrically controllable optical properties provided with a printed inscription. The measurements are carried out using a Perkin Elmer UV/Vis/NIR LAMBDA 900 spectrophotometer, with a transmission analysis spot size of 10 mm x 16 mm and a reflection analysis spot size of 4 mm x 16mm.
La TL correspond à la transmission lumineuse indiquant l'énergie rayonnante transmise dans l'habitacle du véhicule dans la gamme de rayonnement optique d'un illuminant standard D65. L'angle d'incidence de la lumière sur les vitrages feuilletés est de 90°. The TL corresponds to the luminous transmission indicating the radiant energy transmitted in the passenger compartment of the vehicle in the range of optical radiation of a standard illuminant D65. The angle of incidence of light on laminated glazing is 90°.
La RLext correspond à la réflexion lumineuse extérieure du côté extérieur (lumière réfléchie vers l'environnement extérieur, vers l’extérieur d’un véhicule). The RLext corresponds to the exterior light reflection on the exterior side (light reflected towards the external environment, towards the exterior of a vehicle).
Les résultats obtenus sont regroupés dans les tableaux 1 et 2 ci-dessous :The results obtained are grouped in tables 1 and 2 below:
Résultats Results
[Table 1] [Table 1]
[Table 2] [Table 2]
Les résultats reportés sur ces tableaux montrent que lorsque l’inscription constituée par une couche réfléchissante semi-transparente est imprimée sur la face extérieure, en face 1 , de la feuille de verre extérieure, selon l’invention et ce quel que soit la configuration (I ou II) d’un vitrage feuilleté comprenant un élément CLDP (cf. exemples 1a et 2a) : The results reported in these tables show that when the inscription consisting of a semi-transparent reflective layer is printed on the outer face, face 1, of the outer glass sheet, according to the invention and regardless of the configuration ( I or II) of laminated glazing comprising a CLDP element (see examples 1a and 2a):
- la transmission lumineuse du vitrage est maintenue dans la région où se trouve l’inscription imprimée que ce soit à l’état ON ou OFF, puisque la valeur de la TL pour un vitrage selon l’invention est du même ordre de grandeur que la TL obtenue pour un même vitrage feuilleté mais qui ne comprend pas d’inscription (cf. exemples TL 1 a ON et 2a ON selon l’invention comparés aux exemples TL 1 c ON et 2c ON vitrages sans inscription respectivement et exemples TL 1 a OFF et 2a OFF comparés aux exemples TL 1 c OFF et 2c OFF respectivement), - the light transmission of the glazing is maintained in the region where the printed inscription is located whether in the ON or OFF state, since the value of the TL for a glazing according to the invention is of the same order of magnitude as the TL obtained for a same laminated glazing but which does not include any inscription (cf. examples TL 1a ON and 2a ON according to the invention compared with examples TL 1c ON and 2c ON glazing without inscription respectively and examples TL 1a OFF and 2a OFF compared to examples TL 1 c OFF and 2c OFF respectively),
- la réflexion lumineuse extérieure du vitrage est améliorée dans la région où se trouve l’inscription imprimée que ce soit à l’état ON ou OFF, puisque : - the external light reflection of the glazing is improved in the region where the printed inscription is located, whether in the ON or OFF state, since:
• la valeur de la RLext passe de 6,3% pour un vitrage feuilleté de configuration I sans inscription / à 12% pour un même vitrage feuilleté avec une inscription imprimée en face 2 / à 16% pour un vitrage feuilleté selon l’invention dont l’inscription est imprimée en face 1 , et • the value of the RLext goes from 6.3% for a laminated glazing of configuration I without inscription / to 12% for the same laminated glazing with an inscription printed on face 2 / to 16% for a laminated glazing according to the invention of which the inscription is printed on face 1, and
• la valeur de la RLext passe de 6,8% pour un vitrage feuilleté de configuration II sans inscription / à 12,3% pour un même vitrage feuilleté avec une inscription imprimée en face 2 / à 15,3% pour un vitrage feuilleté selon l’invention dont l’inscription est imprimée en face 1 . • the RLext value goes from 6.8% for configuration II laminated glazing without inscription / to 12.3% for the same laminated glazing with an inscription printed on face 2 / to 15.3% for laminated glazing according to the invention whose inscription is printed on the face 1 .
En effet, on peut constater que la RLext obtenue pour un vitrage feuilleté comprenant un élément CLDP muni d’une inscription imprimée sur la face extérieure (en face 1 ) de la feuille de verre extérieure, conformément à l’invention est plus élevée que la RLextobtenue pour un vitrage feuilleté comprenant un élément CLDP muni d’une inscription imprimée sur la face intérieure (en face 2) de la feuille de verre extérieure ; ce qui montre l’importance de la position de l’inscription sur un vitrage feuilleté comprenant un élément CLDP (cf. exemples RLext 1 a ON et 2a ON comparés aux exemples RLext 1 b ON et 2b ON respectivement et exemples RLext 1 a OFF et 2a OFF comparés aux exemples RLext 1 b OFF et 2b OFF respectivement). Indeed, it can be seen that the RLext obtained for a laminated glazing comprising a CLDP element provided with an inscription printed on the outer face (on face 1) of the outer glass sheet, in accordance with the invention is higher than the RLextobtained for laminated glazing comprising a CLDP element provided with an inscription printed on the inner face (on face 2) of the outer glass sheet; which shows the importance of the position of the inscription on a laminated glazing comprising a CLDP element (cf. examples RLext 1 a ON and 2a ON compared with examples RLext 1 b ON and 2b ON respectively and examples RLext 1 a OFF and 2a OFF compared to RLext examples 1b OFF and 2b OFF respectively).

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Vitrage feuilleté pour véhicule muni d’une inscription comprenant une feuille de verre intérieure (1 ) et une feuille de verre extérieure (2), chacune comprenant une face intérieure et une face extérieure, et comprenant, entre les faces intérieures des deux feuilles de verre, un intercalaire (3) comprenant au moins deux couches externes (3a) et (3b) en un matériau choisi parmi le poly(butyral de vinyle) (PVB), le poly(éthylène-acétate de vinyle) (EVA) et le polyuréthane (PU) et les mélanges de ceux-ci, lesdites couches externes étant assemblées au moyen d’un élément fonctionnel (4) de cristaux liquides dispersés dans une matrice de polymères, ledit élément fonctionnel (4) comprenant une couche active de cristaux liquides (5) entre deux couches électroconductrices (6, 7), elles-mêmes disposées entre deux films de support (8, 9), ledit vitrage étant caractérisé en ce que l’inscription (10) est constituée par une couche réfléchissante semi-transparente et ladite inscription est imprimée sur la feuille de verre extérieure (2) en face extérieure (F1 ). 1. Laminated glazing for a vehicle provided with an inscription comprising an inner glass sheet (1) and an outer glass sheet (2), each comprising an inner face and an outer face, and comprising, between the inner faces of the two sheets of glass, an interlayer (3) comprising at least two outer layers (3a) and (3b) made of a material chosen from poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) (EVA) and polyurethane (PU) and mixtures thereof, said outer layers being joined together by means of a functional element (4) of liquid crystals dispersed in a matrix of polymers, said functional element (4) comprising an active layer of crystals liquids (5) between two electrically conductive layers (6, 7), themselves arranged between two support films (8, 9), said glazing being characterized in that the inscription (10) consists of a semi-reflecting layer transparent and said inscription is printed e on the outer glass sheet (2) on the outer face (F1).
2. Vitrage feuilleté selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel la feuille de verre intérieure (1 ) et/ou la feuille de verre extérieure (2) comprend au moins un revêtement. 2. Laminated glazing according to claim 1, wherein the inner glass sheet (1) and / or the outer glass sheet (2) comprises at least one coating.
3. Vitrage feuilleté selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel la couche externe (3a) et/ou la couche externe (3b) présente une épaisseur comprise entre 0,2 mm et 2,0 mm, de préférence entre 0,3 mm et 0,9 mm. 3. Laminated glazing according to claim 1 or 2, in which the outer layer (3a) and/or the outer layer (3b) has a thickness of between 0.2 mm and 2.0 mm, preferably between 0.3 mm and 0.9mm.
4. Vitrage feuilleté selon la revendication 3, dans lequel les deux couches externes (3a) et (3b) sont des couches de poly(butyral de vinyle) (PVB). 4. Laminated glazing according to claim 3, wherein the two outer layers (3a) and (3b) are layers of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB).
5. Vitrage feuilleté selon la revendication 4, dans lequel la couche externe (3a) de PVB et/ou la couche externe (3b) de PVB comprend au moins un plastifiant. 5. Laminated glazing according to claim 4, wherein the outer layer (3a) of PVB and/or the outer layer (3b) of PVB comprises at least one plasticizer.
6. Vitrage feuilleté selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les films de support (8, 9) sont en polyéthylène téréphtalate (PET). 6. Laminated glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the support films (8, 9) are made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
7. Vitrage feuilleté selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que la région du vitrage munie de la couche formant l’inscription imprimée présente dans le domaine des longueurs d’ondes du spectre visible une transmission lumineuse supérieure à 0% et une réflexion lumineuse extérieure comprise entre 10% et 30%, et de préférence une transmission lumineuse comprise entre 0,5% et 30% et une réflexion lumineuse extérieure comprise entre 13% et 25%. 7. Laminated glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the region of the glazing provided with the layer forming the printed inscription has, in the region of the wavelengths of the visible spectrum, a light transmission greater than 0% and a external light reflection of between 10% and 30%, and preferably a light transmission of between 0.5% and 30% and an external light reflection of between 13% and 25%.
8. Vitrage feuilleté selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l’inscription (10) est imprimée par sérigraphie, tampographie, ou par impression digitale, de préférence par sérigraphie. 8. Laminated glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inscription (10) is printed by screen printing, pad printing, or by digital printing, preferably by screen printing.
9. Vitrage feuilleté selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la taille de l’inscription est au moins de 0,2 mm, de préférence au moins de 0,4 mm. 9. Laminated glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the size of the inscription is at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.4 mm.
10. Vitrage feuilleté selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l’inscription imprimée (10) recouvre de 10% à 90% de la surface totale de la feuille de verre (2), de préférence de 20% à 50% et plus préférentiellement de 30% à 40%. 10. Laminated glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the printed inscription (10) covers from 10% to 90% of the total surface of the glass sheet (2), preferably from 20% to 50% and more preferably from 30% to 40%.
11 . Vitrage feuilleté selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche réfléchissante semi-transparente formant l’inscription est essentiellement constituée par un ou plusieurs oxydes métalliques. 11 . Laminated glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the semi-transparent reflective layer forming the inscription consists essentially of one or more metal oxides.
12. Vitrage feuilleté selon la revendication 11 , caractérisé en ce que l’oxyde métallique est choisi parmi l'oxyde d’aluminium, l'oxyde d’étain, l'oxyde de titane, l'oxyde de cuivre, l'oxyde de chrome, l'oxyde de cobalt, l'oxyde de fer, l’oxyde de manganèse, l’oxyde de zirconium, l’oxyde de cérium, l'oxyde d’yttrium, l'oxyde d’argent, l'oxyde d’or, l'oxyde de platine et l'oxyde de palladium et un mélange de ceux- ci. 12. Laminated glazing according to claim 11, characterized in that the metal oxide is chosen from aluminum oxide, tin oxide, titanium oxide, copper oxide, chromium, cobalt oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, yttrium oxide, silver oxide, zinc oxide gold, platinum oxide and palladium oxide and a mixture thereof.
13. Lunette arrière, vitre latérale ou vitre de toit d’un véhicule comprenant un vitrage feuilleté selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes. 18 13. Rear window, side window or roof window of a vehicle comprising laminated glazing according to any one of the preceding claims. 18
14. Utilisation d’un vitrage feuilleté selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12 comme lunette arrière, vitre latérale ou vitre de toit de véhicule automobile. 14. Use of laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 12 as rear window, side window or motor vehicle roof window.
15. Procédé de fabrication d’un vitrage feuilleté pour véhicule ayant des propriétés optiques électriquement contrôlables comprenant les étapes suivantes : a) se munir d’une feuille de verre intérieure (1 ) et d’une feuille de verre extérieure (2), b) imprimer une inscription (10) constituée par une couche réfléchissante semi- transparente sur la face extérieure (F1 ) de la feuille de verre extérieure (2), c) cuire ladite feuille de verre imprimée par traitement thermique sous air à une température comprise entre 500°C et 700°C, d) effectuer le formage des deux dites feuilles de verre ensemble ou séparément par traitement thermique, e) séparer les deux feuilles de verres formées, f) disposer entre les faces intérieures de la feuille de verre intérieure (1 ) formée et de la feuille de verre extérieure (2) formée munie de l’inscription imprimée, un intercalaire (3) comprenant : 15. A method of manufacturing laminated glazing for a vehicle having electrically controllable optical properties comprising the following steps: a) providing an inner glass sheet (1) and an outer glass sheet (2), b ) printing an inscription (10) consisting of a semi-transparent reflective layer on the outer face (F1) of the outer glass sheet (2), c) baking said printed glass sheet by heat treatment in air at a temperature between 500°C and 700°C, d) carrying out the forming of the two said sheets of glass together or separately by heat treatment, e) separating the two sheets of glass formed, f) placing between the inner faces of the inner sheet of glass ( 1) formed and the outer glass sheet (2) formed provided with the printed inscription, an insert (3) comprising:
- une première couche externe (3a) en un matériau choisi parmi le poly(butyral de vinyle) (PVB), le poly(éthylène-acétate de vinyle) (EVA) et le polyuréthane (PU) et les mélanges de ceux-ci, - a first outer layer (3a) made of a material chosen from poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) (EVA) and polyurethane (PU) and mixtures thereof,
- un élément fonctionnel (4) comprenant une couche active de cristaux liquides (5) entre deux couches électroconductrices (6, 7), elles-mêmes disposées entre deux films de support (8, 9), et - a functional element (4) comprising an active layer of liquid crystals (5) between two electrically conductive layers (6, 7), themselves arranged between two support films (8, 9), and
- une seconde couche externe (3b) en un matériau choisi parmi le poly(butyral de vinyle) (PVB), le poly(éthylène-acétate de vinyle) (EVA) et le polyuréthane (PU) et les mélanges de ceux-ci, g) assembler les deux feuilles de verre (1 ,2) et l’intercalaire (3) par laminage pour former un vitrage feuilleté, et - a second outer layer (3b) made of a material chosen from poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) (EVA) and polyurethane (PU) and mixtures thereof, g) assembling the two sheets of glass (1, 2) and the spacer (3) by rolling to form a laminated glazing, and
(e) dégazer par autoclavage ledit vitrage feuilleté. (e) degassing said laminated glazing by autoclaving.
EP21839605.9A 2020-12-02 2021-12-01 Laminated glazing with electrically controllable optical properties for a vehicle equipped with a semitransparent reflective printed inscription on the exterior face of a vehicle Pending EP4255729A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2012513A FR3116756B1 (en) 2020-12-02 2020-12-02 Laminated glazing with electrically controllable optical properties for vehicles provided with a semi-transparent reflective printed inscription on the exterior face of a vehicle
PCT/FR2021/052171 WO2022117955A1 (en) 2020-12-02 2021-12-01 Laminated glazing with electrically controllable optical properties for a vehicle equipped with a semitransparent reflective printed inscription on the exterior face of a vehicle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4255729A1 true EP4255729A1 (en) 2023-10-11

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EP21839605.9A Pending EP4255729A1 (en) 2020-12-02 2021-12-01 Laminated glazing with electrically controllable optical properties for a vehicle equipped with a semitransparent reflective printed inscription on the exterior face of a vehicle

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US (1) US20240001645A1 (en)
EP (1) EP4255729A1 (en)
CN (1) CN114845867A (en)
FR (1) FR3116756B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2022117955A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4370326A1 (en) 2021-07-12 2024-05-22 Saint-Gobain Glass France Composite pane having opaque masking region and partially transparent reflective coating

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3869198A (en) * 1972-09-22 1975-03-04 Ppg Industries Inc Heat and light reflecting spandrel
US4997687A (en) * 1989-09-01 1991-03-05 Ppg Industries, Inc. Glass panels with 3-dimensional appearance
US5408353A (en) * 1993-07-13 1995-04-18 Ford Motor Company Controllable transparency panel with solar load reduction
TW593187B (en) * 1999-10-25 2004-06-21 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Method for preparing article covered with light absorption pattern film and article covered with light absorption pattern film
US7588829B2 (en) * 2002-05-31 2009-09-15 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Article having an aesthetic coating
FR2909996B3 (en) * 2006-12-13 2009-01-16 Saint Gobain SELECTED COLORING GLAZING
DE102008026339A1 (en) 2008-05-31 2009-12-03 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Electrically switchable privacy glass pane for glazing of e.g. vehicle, has two transparent electrically conductive layers on either sides of liquid crystal layer, embedded between respective transparent dielectric layers
GB0916379D0 (en) * 2009-09-18 2009-10-28 Pilkington Group Ltd Laminated glazing
FR2997516B1 (en) * 2012-10-31 2015-11-13 Saint Gobain GLAZING COMPRISING A VARIABLE LIGHT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM AND A PAIR OF ABSORBENT ELEMENTS
FR2999977B1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2018-03-16 Saint Gobain GLAZING COMPRISING A VARIABLE LIGHT BROADCASTING SYSTEM USED AS A SCREEN
GB201307495D0 (en) * 2013-04-25 2013-06-12 Pilkington Group Ltd Laminated glazing
CN110023081B (en) * 2017-11-06 2022-11-15 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 Composite glass pane comprising functional elements with electrically controllable optical properties
CN111612118A (en) * 2019-02-26 2020-09-01 法国圣-戈班玻璃公司 Coated glazing with improved readability and method for manufacturing same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2022117955A1 (en) 2022-06-09
FR3116756B1 (en) 2023-05-19
FR3116756A1 (en) 2022-06-03
US20240001645A1 (en) 2024-01-04
CN114845867A (en) 2022-08-02

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