EP4248648A1 - Procédé de détermination d'une densité d'éléments dans des zones d'un environnement, produit programme d'ordinateur associé - Google Patents
Procédé de détermination d'une densité d'éléments dans des zones d'un environnement, produit programme d'ordinateur associéInfo
- Publication number
- EP4248648A1 EP4248648A1 EP21816012.5A EP21816012A EP4248648A1 EP 4248648 A1 EP4248648 A1 EP 4248648A1 EP 21816012 A EP21816012 A EP 21816012A EP 4248648 A1 EP4248648 A1 EP 4248648A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- environment
- elements
- density
- datum
- phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013527 convolutional neural network Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/50—Context or environment of the image
- G06V20/52—Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects
- G06V20/53—Recognition of crowd images, e.g. recognition of crowd congestion
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/02—Neural networks
- G06N3/04—Architecture, e.g. interconnection topology
- G06N3/045—Combinations of networks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/02—Neural networks
- G06N3/08—Learning methods
Definitions
- TITLE Process for determining a density of elements in areas of an environment, associated computer program product
- the present invention relates to a method for determining a density of elements in areas of an environment.
- the present invention also relates to a computer program product associated with such a method.
- a video surveillance system comprising such cameras makes it possible, for example, to warn security personnel present in the environment when the density of the crowd exceeds a critical threshold.
- One of the aims of the invention is then to obtain a method for determining a density of elements in areas of an environment whose precision is improved.
- the subject of the invention is a method for determining a density of elements in zones of an environment, the environment comprising zones covered by sensors, called covered zones, and at least one zone not covered by a sensor, called uncovered zone, the method comprising: has. a training dataset collection phase for obtaining a training database, the collection phase being computer-implemented, each collected training dataset comprising at least: i. a first datum identifying each covered and uncovered zone of an environment, ii. a second datum comprising at least the density of elements in each covered zone of the environment at a current instant, iii. a third datum comprising the density of elements in the or each uncovered zone of the environment at the current instant, b.
- the training phase being implemented by computer
- an exploitation phase of the trained model the exploitation phase being implemented by computer and comprising: i. receiving first data identifying each covered and uncovered area of an environment, ii. the reception of a second datum comprising at least the density of elements in each covered zone of the environment at a current instant, and iii. the determination, by the trained model, of a third datum relating to the density of elements in the or each zone not covered at the current instant.
- Such a determination method comprising a phase of collection of training data sets, a phase of training a determination model and an exploitation phase of the trained model is particularly advantageous since it makes it possible to obtain a model trained directly from training datasets.
- a trained model is not limited by the approximations of an analytical model but is directly inferred from learning from the training datasets without approximation or simplification of a model. Such a model is then more precise than the analytical models usually used.
- each second datum further comprises the density of elements in each covered zone of the environment at a time prior to the current time;
- each first datum comprises position information of the zones of the environment with respect to each other;
- the exploitation phase is implemented for one or more second data items corresponding to an initial arrangement of the sensors covering the covered areas of the environment considered, the method comprising: a. a verification phase comprising: i. the determination, by at least one verification sensor, of a measured density of elements in the or each zone not covered at the current instant, and ii. comparing the third datum obtained by the trained model with the density measured by the verification sensor, and iii.
- the method comprises a modification phase comprising the modification of the position of the sensors in the environment, and the repetition of the exploitation phase with one or more second data items corresponding to the modified arrangement of the sensors covering the covered areas of the considered environment;
- the method comprises a phase of implementing an action comprising: i. the display of an image of the environment on which the at least one uncovered zone is highlighted, as well as the density of elements determined for said uncovered zone, and/or ii. managing the elements in the zones of the environment according to the density of elements determined for the at least one uncovered zone;
- the elements are entities specific to being supervised such as individuals, vehicles, planes or drones;
- the area of each covered zone and of the or each uncovered zone is determined according to a coverage zone of each sensor and/or according to a topology of the environment; and the model is a neural network, the learning technique being suitable for configuring the neural network as it is learned on the training database.
- the present description also relates to a computer program product comprising a readable information medium, on which is stored a computer program comprising program instructions, the computer program being loadable on a data processing unit and causing the implementation of a method as mentioned above when the computer program is implemented on the data processing unit.
- FIG 1 Figure 1
- Figure 1 a schematic view of an example of a computer allowing the implementation of a method for determining a density of elements in areas of an environment
- FIG 2 Figure 2 a schematic representation of an example of an environment in which the determination method is implemented
- FIG 4 Figure 4 a schematic representation of an example of an image of an environment displayed on a display unit.
- FIG. 1 A computer 10 and a computer program product 12 are illustrated by Figure 1.
- Computer 10 is preferably a computer.
- the computer 10 is an electronic computer suitable for manipulating and/or transforming data represented as electronic or physical quantities in computer registers 10 and/or memories into other similar data corresponding to physical data in memories, registers or other types of display, transmission or storage devices.
- the computer 10 interacts with the computer program product 12.
- the computer 10 comprises a processor 14 comprising a data processing unit 16, memories 18 and an information carrier reader 20.
- the computer 10 comprises a keyboard 22 and a display unit 24.
- the computer program product 12 has an information carrier 26.
- the information medium 26 is a medium readable by the computer 10, usually by the data processing unit 16.
- the readable information medium 26 is a medium suitable for storing electronic instructions and capable of being coupled to a computer system bus.
- the information medium 26 is a floppy disk or floppy disk (from the English name "floppy say"), an optical disk, a CD-ROM, a magneto-optical disk, a ROM memory, a memory RAM, an EPROM memory, an EEPROM memory, a magnetic card, an optical card or a USB key.
- the computer program 12 comprising program instructions.
- the computer program 12 can be loaded onto the data processing unit 16 and causes the implementation of a method 100 for determining a density of elements 30 in zones 32 of an environment 34 when the program computer 12 is implemented on the processing unit 16 of the computer 10.
- the environment 34 comprises a plurality of zones 32.
- the environment 34 comprises zones 32 covered by sensors 36, called covered zones 32C and at least one zone 32 not covered by a sensor 36, known as uncovered area 32NC.
- a covered area 32C is an area 32 in which at least one sensor 36 is configured to measure a density of elements 30 arranged in said covered area 32C.
- An uncovered area 32NC is an area 32 in which no sensor 36 is configured to measure a density of elements 30.
- the sensors 36 arranged to cover a covered area 32C do not allow measurements to be taken in the areas uncovered 32NC.
- the environment 34 is for example a public place, such as a station, a port, an airport, a road, a park, or a shopping center.
- the elements 30 are suitable for moving in the environment 34.
- the elements are for example entities suitable for being supervised such as individuals, vehicles, airplanes or drones.
- supervised is meant here that the entities are distinguishable by the sensors 36 and are for example controllable according to the data measured by the sensors 36.
- the elements 30 are for example individuals evolving in an environment 34 such as a station or on a environment 34 such as a road.
- Each sensor 36 is configured to measure a density of elements 30 in a covered area 32C of the environment 34.
- Each sensor 36 is for example configured to detect the presence of each element 30 present in a covered area 32C one by one, and to count the number of elements present in said covered area 32C, in order to obtain the density of elements 30 in said covered area 32C.
- density of elements is understood to mean the number of elements 30 present in an area 32.
- density of elements 30 denotes the number of elements 30 present in an area 32, divided by the area of area 32.
- Each sensor 36 is for example chosen from the list consisting of a camera, a Wifi scanner, a Radio-Frequency (RF) device scanner, a GSM device (abbreviation for "Global System for Mobile Communication”), a third, fourth or fifth generation signal transmitter of mobile telephony (also abbreviated as 3G, 4G and 5G) or any other electronic device transmitting signals.
- RF Radio-Frequency
- GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
- 3G, 4G and 5G third, fourth or fifth generation signal transmitter of mobile telephony
- Each sensor 36 comprises, for example, a quantification module configured to count the number of elements present in a covered area 32C from the signal generated by the sensor 36 covering said covered area 32NC, and to obtain the density of elements 30 in the area covered 32C.
- a quantification module configured to count the number of elements present in a covered area 32C from the signal generated by the sensor 36 covering said covered area 32NC, and to obtain the density of elements 30 in the area covered 32C.
- such a quantification module comprises for example an image recognition unit configured to recognize the elements 30 in an image of the covered area 32C produced by the camera, in order to obtain the density of elements.
- each sensor 36 measures a density of elements 30 in a single covered zone 32C.
- each covered area 32C corresponds to the sensor coverage area 36, for example called sensor field.
- at least one sensor 36 measures item density for a plurality of covered areas 32C.
- each zone 32 that is to say the surface area of each covered zone 32C and of the or each uncovered zone 32NC is preferably determined according to the coverage zone of each sensor 36, for example according to of the field of view of each sensor 36 when the sensors are cameras.
- the area of each zone 32 is also preferably determined according to the topology of the environment 34, that is to say the spatial arrangement of the environment 34.
- FIG. 3 represents a flowchart of the different phases of the method 100 for determining a density of elements 30 in zones 32 of an environment 34.
- the method 100 comprises a phase 110 of collection of training data sets J to obtain a training database B.
- the training database is then formed of a plurality of training data sets J.
- the training database B obtained during the collection phase 110 is for example stored in the memory 18 of the computer 10.
- Each training data set J comprises at least one first data item D1, at least one second data item D2 and at least one third datum D3.
- the first datum D1 identifies each covered 32C and uncovered 32NC zone of an environment 34.
- the first datum D1 identifies for example each zone 32, covered 32C and not covered 32NC of the environment 34, for example, by a reference.
- the first datum D1 comprises position information of the zones 32 of the environment 34 with respect to each other.
- the first datum D1 comprises, for example, information on the relative position of a zone 32 with respect to at least one other zone 32.
- the first datum D1 comprises information on the absolute position of a zone 32 in a given reference fixed in the environment 34.
- the second datum D2 comprises, for each covered area 32C, the density of elements 30 present in said covered area 32C at a current time t.
- the second datum D2 also comprises the density of elements, in each covered zone 32C of the environment, at a time t-1 prior to the current time t.
- time t-1 is the instant in time directly preceding time instant t.
- the second datum D2 is not limited to the density of elements 30 present in said covered area 32C at a current instant t or at two different time instants t and t-1 but applies to any number n of instant temporal.
- the second datum D2 comprises for example the density of elements 30 for each covered area 32C in n successive time instants, including the current instant t.
- the third datum D3 comprises, for each uncovered area 32NC, the density of elements 30 present in said uncovered area 32NC at a current instant t.
- the third density D3 also comprises the density of elements in each uncovered zone 32NC of the environment, at a time t-1 prior to the current time t.
- time t-1 is the instant in time directly preceding time instant t.
- the third datum D3 is not limited to the density of elements 30 present in said uncovered zone 32NC at a current instant t or at two different time instants t and t-1 but applies to any number n of temporal instant.
- the third datum D3 comprises for example the density of elements 30 for each uncovered zone 32NC in n successive time instants, including the current instant t.
- the first, second and third data are for example collected from an environment comprising covered areas 32C, non-covered areas 32NC and in which complementary sensors are adapted. to cover areas not covered 32NC.
- Each second datum D2 relating to the density of elements in a covered area 32C of the environment at the current instant t is collected from the or at least one of the sensors 36 covering said covered area 32C and measuring a density of elements 30 in said covered area 32C.
- Each third datum D3 relating to the density of elements in an uncovered zone 32NC of the environment at the current time t is collected from a complementary sensor covering said uncovered zone 32NC and measuring a density of elements 30 in said zone not covered 32NC.
- the first, second and third data are for example collected from a simulation, generated by a simulator, of an environment comprising covered areas 32C, uncovered areas 32NC.
- Elements 30 are simulated in such a simulated environment 34 and the first datum, the second datum and the third datum are then for example directly collected from the simulator generating said first, second and third datum.
- the collection phase 110 is implemented by the computer 10 in interaction with the computer program product 12, that is to say is implemented by computer.
- the method 100 comprises a phase 120 of training a model for determining a third datum D3 as a function of a first D1 and a second datum D2.
- the determination model is trained according to a learning technique applied to the training database B, to obtain a trained model.
- the determination model is, for example, a neural network, and preferably a convolutional neural network.
- the learning technique applied to the training database B to obtain the trained model is intended to configure the neural network as it is trained on the basis of training data B.
- the training phase includes for example a learning step and a verification step.
- the verification stage follows the learning stage.
- the model is for example trained by a set of training sets J from the training database B.
- the learning of the model is verified using training sets J different from those used during the learning step.
- the verification step leads to a validation or invalidation of the model.
- the learning step is repeated as long as the learning of the model is not validated during the verification step.
- the training phase 120 is implemented by the computer 10 in interaction with the computer program product 12, that is to say is implemented by computer.
- the method 100 comprises a phase 130 of exploitation of the trained model.
- the exploitation phase 130 includes the reception of a first datum D1.
- the first datum D1 is for example obtained by the sensors 36 and/or comprises information on the position of the sensors 36 in an environment 34, such information being for example stored in the memory 18 of the computer 10.
- the first datum is such that previously described, although it corresponds to covered areas 32C and uncovered 32NC, and to an environment 34 a priori different from the covered areas 32C and uncovered 32NC and from the environments 34 that made it possible to obtain the training database B.
- the exploitation phase 130 includes the reception of a second datum D2.
- the second datum D2 is for example obtained by the sensors 36.
- the second datum D2 is as previously described, although it corresponds to a density of elements a priori different from the density of elements having made it possible to obtain the base training data B.
- the exploitation phase 130 includes the determination, by the trained model, of a third datum D3.
- the third datum D3 is determined by the trained model, as a function of the first data D1 and the second data D2 received.
- the third datum D3 is further determined by the model trained as a function of the density of elements 30 for each uncovered zone 32NC in the n-1 time instants preceding the time instant t.
- the third datum D3 is as previously described, although it corresponds to a density of elements a priori different from the density of elements having made it possible to obtain the training database B.
- the exploitation phase 130 is implemented by the computer 10 in interaction with the computer program product 12, that is to say is implemented by computer.
- the method 100 comprises, following the exploitation phase 130 of the trained model, a verification phase 140.
- the verification phase 140 is preferably implemented following an exploitation phase 130 in which the second data D2 correspond to an initial arrangement of the sensors 36.
- the initial arrangement corresponds to the position of the sensors 34 in the environment 36, or in other words, the position of covered 32C and uncovered 32NC areas in environment 34.
- the verification phase 140 comprises the determination, by at least one verification sensor (not shown), of a measured density of elements in the or each zone not covered 32NC at the current time t.
- the verification sensor is for example a sensor similar in all respects to the sensor 36, except in that it is configured to measure an element density in an uncovered zone 32NC. Such a verification sensor is for example removable and used for verification purposes only.
- the verification phase 140 then comprises the comparison of a measured density of elements 30 in the or each uncovered zone 32NC at the current time t, with the third datum D3, obtained by the trained model, corresponding to the determined density in said uncovered area 32NC.
- the verification phase 140 then includes the validation or invalidation of the initial layout depending on the result of the comparison.
- the initial arrangement is for example invalidated if the comparison of the third datum D3 obtained by the trained model with the density measured by the verification sensor results in a relative error greater than a predetermined threshold error.
- the model is for example validated if the comparison of the third datum D3 obtained by the trained model with the density measured by the verification sensor results in a relative error less than or equal to the predetermined threshold.
- the predetermined threshold error is for example between 1% and 5%.
- the predetermined threshold error is for example adjusted by operators.
- the method 100 preferably includes a modification phase 150.
- the modification phase 150 is for example implemented following the verification phase 140, when the initial layout is invalidated during the verification phase 140.
- the modification phase includes the modification of the position of the sensors 34 in the environment 36, and the repetition of the exploitation phase 130 with one or more second data D2 corresponding to the modified arrangement of the sensors 36 covering the covered areas 32C of the considered environment.
- the verification phase 140 is for example repeated following the implementation of such a modification phase 150 until the validation of the initial layout, the initial layout then corresponding to the layout modified during the modification phase 150 preceding said verification phase 140.
- the method 100 comprises an action implementation phase 160.
- the action implementation phase 160 is for example implemented after the exploitation phase 130 and/or after the verification phase 140 and/or after the modification phase 150.
- the implementation phase of an action 160 includes for example the display of an image 38 of the environment 34 on which the at least one uncovered zone 32NC is highlighted, as well as the density of elements 30 determined for said area not covered 32NC.
- the image 38 is for example displayed on the display unit 24.
- the image 38 includes for example a representation of the environment as well as element density values in the areas 32 of the environment 34.
- the densities of elements 30 determined for the uncovered zones 32NC are for example indicated in parentheses.
- the implementation phase of an action 160 comprises the management of the elements 30 in the zones of the environment 34 according to the density of elements 30 determined for the at least one uncovered zone. 32NC.
- management of the elements 30 one understands for example an action having an influence on the elements 30, in particular on the movement of the elements 30 in the environment 34.
- the management of elements comprises for example the emission of a signal having a impact on moving elements 30.
- a plurality of horns 40 are for example arranged in the environment 34 in order to manage the elements 30 in the zones 32 of the environment.
- alarms 40 are configured to warn the elements 30 of an area 32 to evacuate said area 32 when the density of elements 30 exceeds a predetermined threshold value in said zone.
- the collection phase 110 comprises for example the collection of training data sets J representative of the distribution of elements forming for example a crowd in an environment such as a station .
- the database B comprises for example between 1000 and 10,000 sets of training data, each of the sets of training data being generated by a simulator, such as a crowd simulator or obtained via measurements carried out by sensors 36 and for example by additional sensors
- the M model is trained on the database before being exploited.
- the third datum is estimated by the trained model, and the crowd density in the uncovered zones 32 NC is then determined.
- An action for example implemented during the implementation phase of an action 160, is for example initiated from the third datum estimated by the trained model.
- warning devices 40 such as audible warning devices are for example triggered for the evacuation of the uncovered area 32NC concerned.
- a determination method 100 as presented does not require the creation of an approximate model for analytical estimation of the evolution of the density of elements. Such a method is then particularly advantageous for precisely determining the density of elements in one or more uncovered zones 32NC at a current instant t.
- a method 100 comprising a verification phase 140, as well as a possible implementation of a modification allows for example an optimal distribution of the sensors in the environment.
- each covered 32C and uncovered 32NC area allows an accurate meshing of the density of elements 30 on the environment 34, ensuring an accurate estimate of the density of elements 30 in the or each uncovered area 32NC.
- neural network is particularly suitable for producing a determination model as previously described, such neural networks allowing the determination of the density of elements 30 in the or each uncovered zone 32NC while by limiting the computing power needed to develop and implement the model.
- the first datum D1 includes identifier information associated with the position information of the zones 32.
- Each second datum D2 and/or third datum D3 is associated with a subset of the first datum D1, each subset characterizing the position of the zones 32 associated with a respective second datum and/or a respective second datum.
- the first datum then has an attribute role for second datum D2 and/or third datum D3, the first datum making it possible to identify and/or locate the second datum D2 and/or the third datum D3 on the environment 34.
- the method 100 comprises a modification phase 150 comprising the modification of the position of the sensors 36 in the environment 34
- the method advantageously comprises a new phase 110 of collection of training data sets on the basis of the modified position of the sensors, as well as a new phase 120 of training the model.
- the repetition of the exploitation phase 130 is carried out on the basis of an updated model.
- the environment 34 of the first D1, second D2 and third D3 data of the training data set corresponds to the environment 34 of the first D1 and second D2 data received as well as of the third D3 data determined during the phase d exploitation.
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2011821A FR3116361B1 (fr) | 2020-11-18 | 2020-11-18 | Procédé de détermination d'une densité d'éléments dans des zones d'un environnement, produit programme d'ordinateur associé |
PCT/EP2021/082173 WO2022106556A1 (fr) | 2020-11-18 | 2021-11-18 | Procédé de détermination d'une densité d'éléments dans des zones d'un environnement, produit programme d'ordinateur associé |
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EP4248648A1 true EP4248648A1 (fr) | 2023-09-27 |
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EP21816012.5A Pending EP4248648A1 (fr) | 2020-11-18 | 2021-11-18 | Procédé de détermination d'une densité d'éléments dans des zones d'un environnement, produit programme d'ordinateur associé |
Country Status (3)
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EP (1) | EP4248648A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3116361B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022106556A1 (fr) |
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CN109508583B (zh) * | 2017-09-15 | 2020-11-06 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | 一种人群分布特征的获取方法和装置 |
US10909388B2 (en) * | 2019-05-03 | 2021-02-02 | Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. | Population density determination from multi-camera sourced imagery |
CN111611878B (zh) * | 2020-04-30 | 2022-07-22 | 杭州电子科技大学 | 一种基于视频图像的人群计数和未来人流量预测的方法 |
CN111626184B (zh) * | 2020-05-25 | 2022-04-15 | 齐鲁工业大学 | 一种人群密度估计方法及系统 |
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2020
- 2020-11-18 FR FR2011821A patent/FR3116361B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-11-18 WO PCT/EP2021/082173 patent/WO2022106556A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2021-11-18 EP EP21816012.5A patent/EP4248648A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR3116361B1 (fr) | 2023-12-08 |
FR3116361A1 (fr) | 2022-05-20 |
WO2022106556A1 (fr) | 2022-05-27 |
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