EP4234853A2 - Programmable locking cylinder - Google Patents

Abstract

The lock cylinder (1) has a stator (6) and a rotor (5) which can be rotated in the stator and has a key opening into which a key (10) can be inserted. It has a plurality of tumbler (2)-counter tumbler (3) pairs, each of the tumblers (2) having a first (2a) and a second part (2b) which are connected to one another, for example in an interference fit. At least the associated counter tumbler (30) has a third and a fourth part (30a, 30b), which can be brought into different positions relative to one another and fixed in these, with a closing effective total length of the tumbler along an axis of the relative position of the first and of the second part and a closing effective total length of the counter-tumbler along an axis depends on the relative position of the third and fourth parts.

Description

The invention relates to a lock cylinder, in particular a programmable lock cylinder, and to a method for programming a lock cylinder.

Lock cylinders have a stator non-rotatably attachable to a lock (sometime called "cylinder housing") and a rotor (sometime called "cylinder core") rotatable about the axis of the lock cylinder upon insertion of a matching key. The turning of the rotor causes drive means to be moved, which are used to actuate a bolt or other means associated with the desired function of the lock cylinder.

Many mechanical locking cylinders, whether for reversible keys or serrated keys, have been based on the same functional principle for a long time. The rotor is a cylinder inserted into the stator with a plurality of bores which extend through the rotor and the stator and into which a tumbler, a counter tumbler and a coil spring are inserted. The tumbler and counter tumbler can be moved along the bore axis and are subjected to a restoring force by the helical spring. When a key that matches the lock cylinder is pushed into the lock cylinder, the tumblers position themselves in such a way that a parting line (i.e. the parting surface, parting line or parting point) formed between the tumbler and counter-tumbler respectively has a parting line (ie the parting surface/shearing surface) between the rotor and stator coincides. The tumbler is therefore completely in the rotor and the counter tumbler is completely in the stator. This enables the rotor to rotate within the stator and can thus enable a locking system to be unlocked.

Lock cylinders are typically manufactured individually, so that each of the tumblers has a length that is matched to an associated key. The lengths correspond to the coding incorporated in the key, which manifests itself in indentations of different depths in a defined position on the key (and scanned by the respective tumbler). This means that a great deal of logistical effort has to be made in order to transport the locking cylinders produced to their place of use or to dealers, especially if the locking cylinder is to be replaced by another locking cylinder or is to become part of a larger locking system. In addition, in the production of individualized locking cylinders, a lot of manual work is usually required to assemble the large number of individual parts.

For this reason, various options have already been proposed as to how a locking cylinder can be programmed, ie individualized, subsequently, after it has been assembled. In the case of programmable locking cylinders, a generic, i.e. not yet individualizable, still programmable locking cylinder can be produced, which enables more efficient and more automated production. In addition, generic locking cylinders can be supplied, which are only programmed afterwards, for example at the site of application or at a dealer.

For example, in WO 2010/103032 A1 proposed to provide tumblers whose length is adjustable by a part of the tumbler provided with an internal thread being rotated relative to a part of the tumbler provided with a matching external thread. This requires the creation of very small threads, particularly in the case of reversible key locking cylinders. In addition, care must be taken to ensure that the length of each guard locking device is set with sufficient precision during programming, and that this setting is still sufficiently accurate even after years of use of the lock cylinder.

U.S. 2005/0217331 shows a programmable lock cylinder in which the shearing surface between the lock cylinder rotor and the lock cylinder stator per tumbler-counter-tumbler pair can be adjusted by so-called shear sleeves being able to be stored in adjustable positions. U.S. 2,232,017 shows a lock cylinder with two-part tumblers, which can be programmed before assembling the lock cylinder in the presence of a key.

Other programmable locking cylinders are, for example, from EP 2 152 986 , WO 2007/050511 A2 and US2003/0084692 A1 known.

The U.S. 3,190,093 shows a locking system for serrated keys in which the locking cylinder is initially programmed for a temporary key. At one position, the lock cylinder has a special pair of tumblers and counter-tumblers, in which the tumbler has a sleeve and a further element, for example a ball, which can be pushed into the sleeve against a frictional force. This further element is rounded towards the parting line with the counter tumbler. If a secondary key with a shallower indentation is used in place of the special tumbler-counter-tumbler pair, the cylinder will jam due to the tumbler itself being too long. However, by turning with the appropriate application of force, the user can push the further element further into the sleeve against the frictional force and thus shorten the tumbler overall to such an extent that it is matched to the secondary key. The temporary key then no longer fits.

Firstly, this reprogramming system has the disadvantage that only very limited reprogramming and only in one direction (from a key with a deeper indentation to a key with a less deep indentation) is possible. Therefore, the system is also not suitable for the concept of first producing a generic, unprogrammed cylinder and programming the cylinder later, e.g. on site. In addition, it is very delicate not to apply the force (exerted by a shearing movement) required to push the further element into the sleeve to be large, without the other hand, the connection between the sleeve and another element is loose.

It is an object of the invention to provide an alternative programmable lock cylinder which overcomes disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, the programming should be able to take place easily and/or quickly and securely. A corresponding method for programming a lock cylinder is also to be created.

A further object of the invention is to provide a programmable lock cylinder which is mechanically robust, in particular in such a way that the programming is still accurate even after years of use and/or after other mechanical stress. A further object of the invention is to enable a particularly simple programming of a lock cylinder. Yet another object of the invention is to enable a locking cylinder to be programmed particularly quickly and/or particularly precisely. The programmable locking cylinder and/or the aids used for the programming should preferably be relatively easy to manufacture and meet high security requirements.

At least one of these objects is at least partially solved by devices and methods according to the patent claims.

A lock cylinder of the type described here is a mechanical lock cylinder (which does not rule out the additional presence of electronic/electromechanical security features) and has a stator and a rotor which can rotate in the stator and has a key opening into which a key can be inserted. It also has a plurality of tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs, which in Bores are mounted in the rotor or stator, the corresponding bores of the rotor and the stator being aligned with one another when the rotor is in an initial position relative to the stator, in which insertion and removal of a key is possible.

According to the invention it is proposed to provide a tumbler which has two parts whose relative position can be adjusted and fixed, in particular by the two parts being connected to one another in a press fit.

In embodiments, the locking cylinder is designed in such a way that it can be programmed by a tool which exerts a pushing force on the counter tumbler or directly on the tumbler in order to push the two parts of the tumbler (further) into one another, while a key with the desired coding is inserted into the cylinder is introduced and forms a dependent on the coding on the inside stop for the respective tumbler.

In contrast to the prior art, in these embodiments the programming of the mechanical locking cylinder according to the first aspect is carried out by an interaction between a tool that presses the tumbler (directly or via the counter tumbler) up to a certain position inwards and the tool that has the correct coding , ready-made keys on the other hand.

For this purpose, according to these embodiments, the lock cylinder has an access for the tool, through which the tool can act on the counter tumbler or tumbler, e.g. Such access consists, for example, in an access opening per Pair of tumblers and counter-tumblers with programmable (length-adjustable) tumbler.

For example, a generic (programmable) lock cylinder can be made in which tumblers, counter tumblers and springs are already assembled and the stator is encased in a sleeve or other housing, for example. The two parts of the tumblers are connected to one another (in particular with a press fit) in such a way that the tumblers all have at least the length required for a maximum of any key for which the lock cylinder is to be programmable.

If you then insert a key for which the locking cylinder is to be programmed, the tumblers only have to be shortened (by pushing the two parts into one another) so that the parting line between the tumblers and the counter-tumblers for all tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs with the parting line coincide between rotor and stator. The rotor is then rotatable within the stator; the tumblers have exactly the required length. In order to actually have reached exactly the right tumbler length when the two parts have been pushed into one another, it is possible to use a simple tool with a mandrel (or rod) for programming, which is e.g the stator (and possibly also through a sleeve or another housing) in order to then exert a thrust force on the counter tumbler or directly on the tumbler, as a result of which the two parts of the tumbler are pushed (further) into one another.

In this case, the tool can have a mechanical stop, which then prevents further insertion of the mandrel into the lock cylinder when the desired position (separation gap between guard locking and counter-locking device coincides with separation gap between rotor and stator) is reached. Depending on the complexity of the locking cylinder, a simple tool (e.g. with a number of mandrels of the same length) is sufficient for all tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs, by means of which all tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs of the locking cylinder can be programmed simultaneously or sequentially, e.g. row by row . Alternatively, different tools may be required for different tumbler-counter tumbler pairs.

In principle, it is also conceivable that the parts of the tumblers (in particular those in a press fit) are moved apart (in particular pulled apart) so that the length of the tumblers is increased during programming (whereby the parts are of course still connected to one another with a press fit afterwards). Since the mechanical realization of a (further) pushing together of the two tumbler components seems simpler than moving apart/pulling apart, only the variant pushing together/reducing the tumbler length is discussed below.

As a result, a programmable lock cylinder can be created, it being possible for this to be programmed in a particularly simple manner.

Of course, it is not impossible for the locking cylinder to have further pairs of tumblers with (at least) two-piece tumblers, for example with ordinary one-piece tumblers, in addition to the tumbler/counter-tumbler pairs mentioned.

In one embodiment, an effective closing length of each of the tumblers can be reduced by sliding the respective first and second part into one another.

The effective closing length is the length that the tumbler measures along a bore axis that defines the bore in the rotor in which the tumbler is mounted (in this text the term "bore" is used regardless of how the relevant structures (holes/ cavities/openings) are made, i.e. it is not limited to manufacture by drilling).

In the case of locking systems with high security requirements, it is required that the sum of the effective closing lengths of the guard locking and counter-locking device be constant, so that the locking length cannot be read using measuring instruments.

In order to create this possibility, according to the invention, the mechanical lock cylinder also has a plurality of tumbler/counter-tumbler pairs, which are mounted in bores in the rotor or stator, with the corresponding bores in the rotor and stator being aligned with one another when the rotor relative to the stator is in a starting position in which insertion and removal of a key is possible. According to the invention, at least one of the tumblers has a first and a second part that can be brought into different positions relative to one another and fixed in them, and at least the associated counter tumbler has a third and a fourth part that can be brought into different positions relative to one another and can be fixed in these, wherein a closing effective overall length of the tumbler along one axis depends on the relative position of the first and second part and a closing effective overall length of the counter tumbler along an axis depends on the relative position of the third and fourth part.

Accordingly, both the tumbler and the counter tumbler can be adjusted in terms of their effective closing length.

In particular, the first, second, third and fourth parts may be shaped and positioned relative to each other such that movement of the fourth part relative to the third part by a distance L causes movement of the second part relative to the first part by the same distance L. If such a displacement of the second part relative to the first part causes the tumbler to be shortened by L, the length of the counter tumbler can be increased by L at the same time—the sum of the lengths therefore remains constant.

For this purpose, the second part can be arranged axially with respect to the bore axis within the fourth part and aligned with it. An outside part of the first part can also be aligned with an inside part of the third part.

This occurs, for example, when the first part forms the inner, key-side end of the tumbler (which also scans the coding of the key), the third part forms an outer end of the counter tumbler, and a distance between the first and the third part is kept constant, when the fourth part is moved (e.g. pushed inward) relative to the third part, thereby moving the second part relative to the first, or also when the second part is moved independently of the fourth part, as explained below.

For this purpose, a separation arrangement can be present between the first and the third part, which is in physical contact with the first and the third part, and on the basis of which a plurality of possible parting lines between the first part and the third part are defined - namely at least where the Separation arrangement is in contact with the first part and where the separation arrangement is in contact with the third part, and for example also inside the separation arrangement. For the latter case, the separating arrangement has, for example, a plurality of separating elements which are not connected to one another or are only loosely connected to one another (via a predetermined separation point).

In embodiments with the separating arrangement, on the one hand the second and the fourth part can be aligned with one another and can be displaced together in the axial direction relative to the first and third part - at least inwards - and on the other hand an outside part of the first part, the separating arrangement and an inside part of the third part aligned with each other.

In particular, the second and fourth parts can be arranged radially inside the inside part of the third part (preferably the entire third part), the separation arrangement and the outside part of the first part, which surround the second and fourth part like a sleeve. In such embodiments, the separating arrangement can have, for example, one or preferably several rings, which in the latter case are loosely stacked on top of one another or connected to one another by a detachable connection (in particular a predetermined separation point).

The actual parting line between guard locking and counter-locking device is defined by the - movable, i.e. programmable - parting line between the second and fourth part.

In embodiments, however, programming may be possible which allows the second part to be arranged at a distance from one another relative to the fourth part, which allows several different codings to be applied to the tumbler-counter-tumbler pair match (several code levels), which can be used for more complex locking systems with several keys opening a lock (so-called Master Key Systems MKS). To move the second part without moving the fourth part, a programming tool used can act directly on the second part. For this purpose, the fourth part can have a through-opening, through which the programming tool can also act on the second part when the cylinder with counter-tumbler is already assembled.

A programming tool of the type described above can then, in addition to the spikes, also have at least one programming pin, which, for example, is guided in the tool and during programming, depending on the desired programming, protrudes so far beyond the stop that the second part during programming to the desired extent is shifted compared to the first part. Such a programming pin can, for example, be guided in the tool so that it can be inserted coaxially into the bore, and can be guided, for example, axially through an inner opening in the respective mandrel. For programming, the programming pin can be brought into different positions relative to the stop surface of the tool, this position being selected, for example, depending on the—known—coding of the key at the position of the corresponding tumbler-counter-tumbler pair.

As an alternative to programming in the manner described above with a direct effect on the second part, an MKS system can also be achieved by not equipping certain holes with tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs or by designing some tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs conventionally and with a or several coding discs, so-called "split pins".

In one embodiment, the first part forms a key-side end of the respective tumbler for scanning a key inserted into the lock cylinder and the second part forms a counter-tumbler-side end of the respective tumbler for interaction with the respectively associated counter-tumbler.

In one embodiment, a stop for limiting a movement of the respective tumbler into the key opening is formed by the respective first part. As a result, it may be possible to make optical reading of the coding more difficult or even to prevent it. To limit the movement, the stop interacts with a stop in the rotor bore for the guard locking.

In particular, it can be provided that the first parts each have a section (for example a section with an annular cross section) in which they fill out a cross section of a bore in the rotor in which the respective tumbler is movably mounted. The same can additionally or alternatively (if present) apply to the third part and/or the separating arrangement. Of course, there must still be some play that ensures the tumbler can move in the opening in the rotor.

It is also possible that (additionally or alternatively) the second parts each have a section in which they completely fill a cross-section of a bore in the rotor, in which the respective tumbler is movably mounted. This can lead to increased mechanical stability and mechanical resilience of the lock cylinder and correspondingly to increased security of the lock cylinder. The second part can in this context, for example, T-shaped or be mushroom shaped. At best, this possibility does not apply in embodiments with the separation arrangement if this is present radially on the outside, as is preferred.

In one embodiment, the second part forms a plunger (which can also be referred to as a shank), which is pushed into an opening in the associated first part that is adapted thereto with a press fit. In particular, such a stamp can be cylindrical and the opening in the associated first part can be hollow-cylindrical.

The first part can, for example, be sleeve-shaped at least on the outside.

The first and/or the second part can, for example, be rotationally symmetrical, in particular a turned part. The same optionally applies to the third and/or the fourth part and/or the separating arrangement.

The bores in the rotor or stator run, for example, radially in relation to the axis of rotation of the rotor, which in particular favors the use of rotationally symmetrical parts. However, skewed bore axes are also conceivable in relation to the axis of rotation - depending on the arrangement of the coding on the key.

In one embodiment, an outer guide is formed by the first part and an inner guide is formed by the second part. However, it is also possible to provide this in reverse, so that an inner guide is formed by the first part and an outer guide is formed by the second part. If necessary, the third part and the separating arrangement form an outer guide and the second and the fourth part an inner guide—or possibly vice versa.

The corresponding pair of inner guides and outer guides can on the one hand ensure movement of the two parts along the same axis during programming and on the other hand (if the design is long enough) cause a strong press fit and thus great mechanical stability of the connection of the two parts.

As already mentioned, in particular the first and the second part are connected to one another in a press fit so as to be displaceable relative to one another. The same can additionally or alternatively also be the case for the third and fourth part.

An interference fit is also sometimes referred to as an interference fit. The press fit connects the two parts together so firmly that they maintain their relative position even after years of use and after other mechanical loads that typically occur. And on the other hand, the length of the tumbler can be adjusted during programming through the mechanical forces used. These forces are so great that the two parts that are in a press fit can be displaced relative to one another, which leads to the length adjustment of the tumbler and thus to the programming.

• Bronze;
• Messing;
• Stahl, insbesondere Automatenstahl oder Federbandstahl oder Silberstahl oder Sinterstahl;
  oder auch
• Keramik;
• einem künstlichen Material (bspw. einem Kunststein, oder auch einem polymerbasierten Kunststoff, mit oder ohne Füller);
• Einem anderem Metall;
• Insbesondere einem Sintermetall oder einem anderen Sintermaterial gefertigt.

In one embodiment, the first or third and/or the second or fourth parts and/or optionally the elements of the separation arrangement are made of one of the materials

• Bronze;
• Brass;
• Steel, in particular free-cutting steel or spring steel or silver steel or sintered steel;
  or
• ceramics;
• an artificial material (e.g. an artificial stone, or also a polymer-based plastic, with or without filler);
• Another metal;
• In particular made of a sintered metal or another sintered material.

In particular, the first, second and optionally third, fourth parts and/or parts of the separating arrangement can consist of the same or completely or partially different materials. Any combinations and permutations are possible.

• das erste/dritte Teil aus Bronze und das zweite/vierte Teil aus Bronze; oder
• das erste/dritte Teil aus Bronze und das zweite/vierte Teil aus Messing; oder
• das erste/dritte Teil aus Silberstahl und das zweite/vierte Teil aus Messing; oder
• das erste/dritte Teil aus Bronze und das zweite/vierte Teil aus Federbandstahl;

gefertig ist.In one embodiment, it is provided in particular that

• the first/third bronze part and the second/fourth bronze part; or
• the first/third part made of bronze and the second/fourth part made of brass; or
• the first/third part made of silver steel and the second/fourth part made of brass; or
• the first/third part made of bronze and the second/fourth part made of spring band steel;

is finished.

In the event that the second/fourth part forms the radially outer part in the press fit, the specified material pairings are exactly the opposite.

However, it is not only possible to manufacture the first and the second or the third and the fourth part from one metal. The first, second, third and/or fourth part can, for example, alternatively also be made of plastic, for example of a polymer or a polymer composite material.

In one embodiment, the lock cylinder has a helical spring for each pair of tumblers and counter-tumblers. When using conventional counter-tumblers, such a counter-tumbler can have a recess for receiving the respective helical spring at its respective end remote from the key opening.

In one embodiment, the lock cylinder has a housing, for example a sleeve, which encases the stator, and each of the helical springs bears against an inner surface of the housing at its end remote from the key opening.

The invention also relates to a device that has one of the lock cylinders described and a tool. The tool can be used to program the lock cylinder and can be designed as described in the present patent application. In particular, it can have a stop surface and at least one spike protruding from the stop surface. It can also have several spikes that protrude the same distance from the stop surface. The tool can be characterized in that it has at least one abutment surface and at least one mandrel protruding from the abutment surface has, wherein the diameter and length of the at least one mandrel are adapted for programming the lock cylinder.

The method for programming a lock cylinder relates to a lock cylinder which has a stator and a rotor which can be rotated in the stator and has a key opening into which a key can be inserted, and which further has at least one tumbler which has a first and a second part which in connected to each other with a press fit. In the method, when the key is inserted into the key opening, in particular by a tool acting from outside the lock cylinder, in particular when the key is inserted all the way up to a key stop, so that each coding is positioned as intended relative to the corresponding tumbler-counter-tumbler pair, a closing effective length of the tumbler is changed by sliding the first and second parts into one another or moving them apart, in particular reducing it by sliding them into one another.

In embodiments, the tool has a stop surface and a mandrel protruding from the stop surface. The mandrel can also be referred to as a rod and causes the first and second parts to be pushed into one another. The mandrel can be a solid mandrel. Optionally, however, the mandrel can be a hollow mandrel (or a hollow rod).

Such a tool can allow for very precise programming and can be relatively easy to manufacture.

Provision can be made for the stop surface to be flat. Alternatively, however, it can also have a curvature.

In one embodiment, the mandrel is guided into the stator until the abutment surface abuts against a counter-stop and a force is exerted by the mandrel on the second part, causing the telescoping.

Said counter-stop is mostly formed by a part of the lock cylinder. In particular, it can be formed by a housing surrounding the stator, for example a sleeve, more precisely: by an outer surface of the housing. It is also possible to provide for the counter-stop to be formed by the stator itself (more precisely: by an outer surface of the stator).

Said force can be directed towards the key. In particular, the force can be directed along a bore axis of the bore in which (or which) the tumbler is located in the rotor.

It can be provided that the abutment surface has a curvature that is adapted to a curvature of the counter-abutment.

In the event that the stator is encased by a housing (e.g. sleeve), (access) openings can be provided in the housing, through which the mandrel can be passed, so that the mandrel can be inserted through the housing into the stator.

In one embodiment, there is a parting line between the stator and the rotor, and a length of the mandrel measured from the stop surface is dimensioned such that after the mandrel has been inserted into the stator until the stop surface is in contact with the counter-stop, the first and second parts are pushed into one another so that one end of the tumbler remote from the key coincides with the parting line.

In particular, in the event that a counter tumbler is adjacent to the tumbler, the first and second parts are pushed into one another so far that a parting line formed between the tumbler and the counter tumbler comes to rest at the parting line between the stator and the rotor.

In particular, the tool acts on the second part indirectly (by the mandrel pressing the counter-tumbler or a part thereof against the tumbler) or directly (by pressing on the second piece) while an inner end of the first piece abuts the appropriately coded key. If the parting line between the tumbler and the counter tumbler is shifted to the level of the parting line between the rotor and the stator, the locking cylinder is programmed in this way. In particular, the tool does not carry any information about the coding: this is rather transmitted from the key to the lock cylinder in the method described.

The method enables simple and precise programming (individualization) of a lock cylinder, which previously is typically a generic lock cylinder. In particular, no specifically adapted tools are required for programming, nor does the cylinder have to be adapted; under certain circumstances it does not even have to be disassembled, but can be taken over fully assembled as a generic cylinder and adapted by the programming described here.

For example, the tool acts on the second part via the fourth part, ie the tool displaces the fourth part inward relative to the first part—while for example the third part is prevented from being displaced inward by the separation arrangement—and the fourth part moves the second part relative to the first Part inward, which can be tantamount to pushing the second and first part into each other.

In one embodiment, a tool can be used in which a programming pen acts directly on the second part to space it apart from the fourth part - this to define multiple parting lines so that an MKS can be created. In addition, mandrels can be present on the same tool or on a separate tool, which act on the fourth part in the manner described above.

Before and after programming, and thus before and after the first and second parts are telescoped or moved apart, the two parts are connected to one another, for example in an interference fit.

As already stated above, the detailed description is limited to the case of reducing the effective closing length by (further) sliding the first and second part into one another.

It is not fundamentally necessary for a counter-lock assigned to the tumbler to be present during programming. Programming can also be carried out without counter locking. It can, however, simplify the completion of the lock cylinder if, during programming, a counter-lock assigned to the tumbler is already provided in the lock cylinder and, if necessary, a spring as well.

The first and second parts can be pushed into one another in particular by exerting a force acting in the direction of the key, so that the first and second parts are pushed into one another as a result. In particular, the first part can be present at the key.

Since the first and second parts are already nested (nested) before programming, said nesting of the first and second parts during programming generally corresponds to a further nesting of the first and second part.

In one embodiment, the lock cylinder with tumbler and associated counter tumbler has a helical spring associated with the tumbler and the counter tumbler, with the mandrel extending through at least part of the helical spring when the first and second parts are pushed into one another, in particular extending completely through the helical spring.

Of course, a lock cylinder typically has several tumbler/counter-latch pairs. The method described can easily be transferred to the case of lock cylinders with two or more tumblers, each with at least two parts.

It is possible to provide that the tumblers in a generic lock cylinder are all of the same length.

It is of course possible to combine the embodiment variants described above with one or more of the other embodiment variants described combine, if this is logically possible. This also applies to combinations of features that are described for the method with features that are described for the lock cylinder, and vice versa.

It is still important to note that tools of the type described above need not have any programming-related coding. In other words: The tools for a locking cylinder to be programmed are the same, no matter for (and with) which key the locking cylinder is to be programmed.

It is therefore possible, for example, to have a set of one or more tools available on site (e.g. at a dealer) suitable for programming a certain type of (generic) locking cylinder. And with this tool set, any of these lock cylinders can then be programmed for use with any key (of course fundamentally suitable for the type of lock cylinder).

Alternatively, however, the use of an at least partially coded tool is also possible. Such a device can have, for example, a base body that forms a stop and at least one programmed mandrel that protrudes to a programmable extent from the base body. Such a mandrel can be adjusted manually, for example via an adjustment screw, or electronically/automatically.

Using such a coded (programmable) tool, programming can be done without a key. The information used for programming the tool can also be used separately, in a manner known per se, for the production of the key by applying the appropriate coding.

In embodiments, it is also possible to only assemble the lock cylinder during or after programming, e.g. by the counter tumblers - e.g. the two-part counter tumblers - and possibly the separating arrangements are not pre-assembled but are first introduced together with the corresponding mandrel of the tool, or inserted after the tool - then programmable - has acted directly on the second parts. In embodiments it can also be provided that the fourth parts or the second and the fourth parts are introduced subsequently, for example during or immediately before the programming.

Further embodiments and advantages emerge from the dependent patent claims, the following description of exemplary embodiments and the figures.

Fig. 1

einen Schliesszylinder mit eingeschobenem Schlüssel, perspektivisch;

Fig. 2

den Schliesszylinder aus Fig. 1, in Explosionsdarstellung, perspektivisch;

Fig. 3

ein Zuhaltung-Gegenzuhaltung-Paar mit Feder, perspektivisch;

Fig. 4

das Zuhaltung-Gegenzuhaltung-Paar von Fig. 3, im Schnitt, perspektivisch;

Fig. 5-15

einen Schliesszylinder im Teilschnitt, perspektivisch, zur Veranschaulichung des Schliesszylinders und dessen Programmierung;

Fig. 16

eine zweiteilige Zuhaltung, schematisch, im Schnitt;

Fig. 17

eine zweiteilige Zuhaltung, schematisch, im Schnitt;

Fig. 18

eine zweiteilige Zuhaltung, schematisch, im Schnitt;

Fig. 19

eine zweiteilige Zuhaltung, schematisch, im Schnitt;

Fig. 20

eine weitere Ausführungsform eines generischen Schliesszylinders im Schnitt;

Fig. 21

den Schliesszylinder nach Fig. 20 nach Einführung eines kodierten Schlüssels;

Fig. 22

den Schiesszylinder nach Fig. 20 und 21 während der Programmierung;

Fig. 23

den Schliesszylinder nach Fig. 20-22 nach der Programmierung;

Fig. 24

den Schliesszylinder nach Fig. 20 während der Programmierung mit einem Werkzeug, welches die Programmierung zu einem Schliesszylinder erlaubt, welcher mit verschiedenen Schlüsseln geöffnet werden kann;

Fig. 25

den Schliesszylinder gemäss Fig. 20 nach der Programmierung entsprechend Fig. 24;

Fig. 26

einen zum Schliesszylinder nach Fig. 20 alternativen Schliesszylinder während der Programmierung;

Fig. 27

den Schliesszylinder nach Fig. 26 nach der Programmierung; und

Fig. 28 und 29

je eine Darstellung eines programmierbaren Zuhaltung-Gegenzuhaltung-Paares mit Separationsanordnung, für einen Schliesszylinder gemäss einer der Figuren 20-27.

The subject of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Figures 20-29 illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention, and Figures 1-19 serve for a better understanding of the invention. Show it:

1

a lock cylinder with a key inserted, perspective;

2

the lock cylinder 1 , in exploded view, in perspective;

3

a tumbler-counter tumbler pair with spring, perspective;

4

the tumbler-counter tumbler pair from 3 , in section, perspective;

Figures 5-15

a lock cylinder in partial section, perspective, to illustrate the lock cylinder and its programming;

16

a two-part tumbler, schematic, in section;

17

a two-part tumbler, schematic, in section;

18

a two-part tumbler, schematic, in section;

19

a two-part tumbler, schematic, in section;

20

another embodiment of a generic lock cylinder in section;

21

the lock cylinder according to FIG. 20 after the introduction of a coded key;

22

the firing cylinder of Figures 20 and 21 during programming;

23

the locking cylinder according to Fig. 20-22 after programming;

24

the lock cylinder according to FIG. 20 during programming with a tool which allows programming to a lock cylinder which can be opened with different keys;

25

the lock cylinder according to FIG. 20 after programming according to FIG. 24;

26

an alternative locking cylinder to the locking cylinder according to FIG. 20 during programming;

27

the lock cylinder according to FIG. 26 after programming; and

28 and 29

a representation of a programmable tumbler-counter-tumbler pair with a separation arrangement, for a lock cylinder according to one of FIGS. 20-27.

Some parts that are not essential for understanding the invention are not shown. The exemplary embodiments described are exemplary for the subject matter of the invention or serve to explain it and have no restrictive effect.

1 shows a perspective view of a lock cylinder 1 with an inserted key 10. 2 shows the lock cylinder in perspective in an exploded view 1 . The lock cylinder 1 has a rotor 5 and a stator 6 and a sleeve 7 . Instead of the sleeve 7 or , the lock cylinder 1 can have a different housing, or the housing can, in addition to the sleeve, also include other parts, e.g. parts which at least partially surround the sleeve 1 is not shown.

As already described above, an at least two-part tumbler is proposed. An example of this is in Figures 3 and 4 presented in perspective 4 cut.

The tumbler 2 can perform the conventional locking and opening function of the lock cylinder in an otherwise known manner together with a counter tumbler 3 (and a coil spring 4, part of which is accommodated in a recess 3a of the counter tumbler 3) and with the rotor 5 and stator 6 make possible. If the parting line T2 formed by them coincides with the parting line between the rotor 5 and the stator 6 for all tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs, the rotor 5 can be rotated in the stator 6 and the rotor 5 is unlocked. As long as the parting line T2 of at least one of the tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs is somewhere else, the rotor 5 is locked and cannot be rotated in the stator 6.

Lock 2 has a first part 2a and a second part 2b, which have an interference fit 2p. For example, the second part 2b (on the counter-tumbler side) can form a shank 2i and the first part 2a (on the key side) can form a guide 2j for the shank 2i, so that the two parts 2a, 2b can be displaced relative to one another (while maintaining the press fit).

As in the example Figures 3 and 4 shown, the second part 2b bordering on the counter-tumbler can be T-shaped or mushroom-shaped and the first part 2a can be sleeve-shaped. The first part 2a has an end 2e, by means of which a key inserted into the lock cylinder is scanned.

figure 5 to 15 show perspectively a lock cylinder 1 in partial section, to illustrate the lock cylinder 1 and its programming. For the sake of clarity, not all reference numbers are used in all of the figures.

figure 5 1 illustrates a glimpse into the interior of a generic lock cylinder 1 that has not yet been programmed. The individual parts have already been described previously. The key opening is denoted by 1a. All five shown tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs still have the same length and are in the same radial position. In the case of locking cylinders for toothed locks, the initial situation can look equivalent. For more complex reversible key lock cylinders than the one shown, the length and alignment may be different for different tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs.

In addition, only the case is illustrated in the following that the locking cylinder is already pre-assembled with pairs of tumblers and counter-tumblers as well as spring 4 and sleeve 7 before programming. However, this does not necessarily have to be the case. For example, can alternatively, the sleeve 7 or sleeve 7 and counter tumblers 3 (and springs 4) are attached only after programming.

6 illustrates the insertion of a key 10 for (and by means of which) the lock cylinder 1 is to be programmed. The length of the tumblers 2 is still unchanged, but their radial position changes when the key 10 is pushed in, as can be seen from the parting lines T2, T2'. The stop 1b of the bore is also in 6 visible, which causes the tumblers 2 to lock when the key 10 is not inserted (cf. figure 5 ) do not protrude too far into the key opening.

In 7 the key 10 is fully inserted. The length of the tumblers 2 is still unchanged, but their radial position (relative to the axis of the rotor) is now determined by the coding provided on the key 10, as can be seen from the parting lines T2, T2'.

A tool 9 for programming (programming tool) is shown. It has a plurality of mandrels 9a which are attached to a base plate which forms a stop surface 9b. A counter stop 8 for the tool 9 is formed by the outer surface of the sleeve 7 in the example shown.

In 7 one also sees that the mandrels 9a of the tool are inserted through openings in the housing (here the sleeve 7) and that the coil springs then surround the mandrels; the openings in the housing are of smaller diameter than the helical springs to allow the latter to bear against the internal surface of the housing.

As in 8 As can be seen, the mandrels 9a of the tool 9 are inserted through the sleeve 7 into the stator 6, each extending through the interior of one of the coil springs 4.

The arrow K turns into 9 symbolizes a force K, by means of which the parts 2a and 2b which are in mutual press fit are pushed into one another. This leads to the in 9 noticeable shortening of the length of tumblers 2.

In Fig. 10, the stop surface 9b (of the tool 9) and the counterstop 8 (of the lock cylinder 1) are in contact with one another, so that the tool 9 can no longer exert any further force to push the two parts 2a, 2b of the tumblers 2 into one another. Lock cylinder 1 is now programmed. And the rotor 5 is unlocked. As can be seen from FIG. 10, all parting lines T2 of the tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs coincide with the parting line T1 between the rotor 5 and the stator 6.

In FIG. 11 it is shown that the tool 9 is removed again by the mandrels 9a being pulled out of the lock cylinder 1 again; in FIG. 12 it is no longer shown.

In Fig. 13 the situation is illustrated when the key 10 has been turned a little after the actual programming. The tumbler-counter tumbler pairs are separated from each other. In FIG. 14 the key has been turned a little further and the rotor 5 is no longer shown in section. In Fig. 15 the key 10 is turned a little further.

As has become clear from the above, the programming of the lock cylinder 1 can be carried out in a very simple and yet precise manner, and also the tool used can be one that is easy to manufacture.

In the case of complex locking cylinders with, for example, non-radial bores running at different angles and of different lengths for the tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs, it may be necessary or useful to use an individual tool for each tumbler-counter-tumbler pair, or at least for some of the tumblers -Counter tumbler pairs to use different tools.

The tool or tools therefore do not carry any information about the coding of the lock cylinder. The locking cylinder is coded by the key.

Fig. 16 shows schematically a two-piece tumbler 2, in section. This tumbler 2 corresponds to the Figures 3 and 4 shown. The first part 2a is sleeve-shaped and forms (through an inner bore) an inner guide 2j for the shank 2i of the second part 2b, which is T-shaped or mushroom-shaped. The first part 2a further has a stop 2c, through which (by cooperation with the stop 1b, see 6 ) the tumbler 2 is held in its bore and the tumbler 2 is prevented from protruding too far into the key opening 1a.

However, many other geometries of two-part tumblers 2 are also possible. Figures 16 to 19 show some examples.

In Figures 16 to 19, for the sake of clarity, the first part 2a is shown by means of thicker lines than the second part 2b. The effective closing length of the tumblers 2 is marked with L.

In FIG. 16, a second position of the second part 2b and the corresponding (shortened) effective locking length L are symbolized by means of dotted lines, as can be present, for example, after the programming of the lock cylinder.

The tumbler 2 of FIG. 17 is similar to that of FIG. 16. But in this case the guidance of the second part 2b in the bore is better, which, however, entails a more complex manufacture of the second part 2b.

In the examples of Figs. 18 and 19, an inner guide is formed by the second part 2b, while a shaft guided therein is formed by the first part 2a.

In the case of FIG. 18, the stop 2c is formed by the first part 2a, as in FIGS. 16 and 17. However, this entails a small wall thickness of the sleeve-shaped second part 2b.

If, as in FIG. 19, the stop 2c is provided on the second part 2b, the wall thickness of the sleeve-shaped second part 2b can be greater, so that the second part 2b can be quite robust. However, optical readability of the coding can thereby be simplified.

As far as the choice of material is concerned, some information has already been given above. For example, bronze can be chosen for the first part 2a and brass for the second part 2b. Typical dimensions are maximum diameters of the tumblers: between 2 mm and 3 mm and shaft or guide diameters between 1 mm and 1.6 mm, with a (diameter-related) oversize for the press fit of between 0.015 mm and 0.04 mm. Other materials and dimensions are conceivable.

An example of a lock cylinder 1 according to the invention is shown in Fig. 20, in which, as in the following figures, the rotor 5, the stator 6 with tumblers 2 and counter tumblers 30 are in the starting position (in which the bores of the rotor and the stator are aligned with one another and in which the key can be inserted or removed) is shown in section, with the housing on which, for example (not shown in these figures) springs acting on the outside acting on the counter-tumbler, not being shown for the sake of simplicity. As explained with reference to the above examples, such a housing can have openings for the mandrels of the tool.

20 shows the generic, programmable locking cylinder in the initial, unprogrammed configuration and without the key shaft being inserted into the key channel 1a. Figures 28 and 29 each show a tumbler-counter-tumbler pair with a separating arrangement for a lock cylinder as shown in Fig. 20 and the following figures, Fig. 29 in an exploded view (with the elements 41, 42, 43 of the separating arrangement 40 being drawn next to each other , although they may be formed as separate elements, for example).

In contrast to the lock cylinders according to FIGS. 1-19, the lock cylinder 1 also has two-part counter tumblers 30 in addition to the two-part tumblers 2 can be seen particularly well in Figures 28 and 29. The programmable tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs (all ten pairs shown in FIG. 20 are shown as programmable pairs; but combinations with conventional tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs are also conceivable) are constructed as follows: the first part 2a of the tumbler has the inner End 2e, which protrudes into the key channel 1a. On the outside it has a sleeve-like section which forms an opening open to the outside and which forms a guide 2j for the second part 2b. The second part is designed as an inner part which can be guided inside the sleeve-like section and which in the initial configuration is only inserted with its inner end into the guide 2j. Because the dimensions of the first part and the second part are matched to one another in such a way that there is a press fit, the second part 2b is fixed relative to the first part 2a.

The counter tumblers 30 also have a third, outer part 30a and a fourth, inner part 30b. The fourth part 30b is guided in the first part 30a, which is constructed in the form of a sleeve for this purpose, with a continuous opening. The dimensioning of this continuous opening is matched to the external dimensioning of the fourth part in such a way that there is also a press fit between these parts. The continuous opening of the third part 30a can be widened outwards, so that regardless of the position of the fourth part 30b, there is a downwardly limited opening 30d (in the arrangement according to FIG. 28 a circumferential groove) into which a helical spring of the above can engage the type described, which is present on the outside on an inner surface of a housing surrounding the stator of the type also already described above.

In the examples shown, the fourth part itself is also sleeve-shaped, with an inner opening 30c that extends through in the direction of the axis of the bore. This refinement is optional and, in embodiments, serves the purpose of Programming a "Master Key System" (MKS), which will be explained in more detail below.

A separation arrangement 40 is present between the first part 2a and the third part 30a. This has a plurality of separating elements 41, 42, 43, between each of which a parting line is formed. The thickness of the separating elements (measured in the direction of the bore axis) corresponds to the difference provided in the entire locking system between two adjacent possible coding depths of coding bores of the key (which is designed here as a flat key/reversible key; if the invention is implemented with a serrated key, the thickness corresponds to the distance between two neighboring possible coding levels of the spike profile).

The separating elements can be fixed both relative to the second part 2b and relative to the fourth part 30b, here also by means of a press fit, in that they have a continuous opening whose inner diameter is matched to the outer diameter of the first and fourth part. Accordingly, after programming, the separating elements can be counted for guard locking or counter locking.

Incidentally, fixing the separating elements relative to the tumbler or counter tumbler is not necessary at all; Rather, these can also be arranged loosely relative to the tumbler/counter tumbler, since their function during programming is to define the distance between the first and third part and the position of the separating elements relative to the tumbler and counter tumbler is also already defined by the arrangement.

In the initial configuration, all separating elements 41-43 are fixed to the second part 2b.

In the illustrated embodiment, the separating elements 41, 42, 43 are designed as perforated discs. Alternatively, they can also initially form a one-piece element with predetermined separation points corresponding to the parting lines. Other geometries, for example slotted rings, are also possible; Also not excluded is an inside-outside interchange (i.e. the second and fourth part are each sleeve-shaped, and the first and third part as well as the separating arrangement are guided in these sleeves), whereby in the latter case openings for the mandrels of the tool in the (in figures 20 ff. Not shown) housing may need to be adjusted and, for example, can be crescent-shaped.

21 shows the lock cylinder according to FIG. 20 after the insertion of a key 10. The tumbler/counter tumbler pairs are shifted outwards to different extents according to the coding of the key, against the spring force of the springs (not shown). In this configuration, the locking cylinder is ready to be programmed according to the coding of the key 10 inserted.

22 shows the programming. A tool 9 with spikes 9a designed analogously to the tool described above is positioned relative to the lock cylinder in such a way that the spikes 9a protrude into the bore and is then pressed against the cylinder until a stop surface 9b is in contact with a corresponding stop surface of the cylinder (in Fig. 22 formed by the outer surface of the stator; alternatively also by a surface of the housing (not shown).

The mandrels 9a act on the fourth part, which is pressed further in relative to the bore, provided that it is not seated so deep in the bore that the corresponding Dorn 9a didn't reach it at all. The fourth part 30b is displaced inward relative to the third part by the pressing force and thereby presses the second part inward relative to the first part. Due to the fact that the key 10 or the separation arrangement 40 is present, the first and the third part are prevented from shifting inwards.

The length of the mandrels 9a is matched to the dimension of the fourth part so that when the tool is pressed in as far as it will go for all pairs of tumblers and counter-tumblers, the parting line between the second and the fourth part - which forms the parting line between the tumbler and counter-tumbler - is on the Parting line between rotor and stator is aligned, which can be seen in Fig. 22 well. Since at each coding depth of the coding hole there is a parting line between the separation arrangement 40 and the first 2a or the third part 30b or between elements 41, 42, 43 of the separation arrangement, this is both a sufficient and a necessary condition for the fact that when the key 10 is inserted, the rotor 5 can be rotated relative to the stator 6.

Two tools 9 are drawn in FIG. 22, one for each of the coding series shown. However, it is also natural to work with only one tool when there are several rows, as is usually the case for flat keys; the tool is then used sequentially to program the different rows.

For the engagement of the mandrels of the tool 9, the housing surrounding the stator (e.g. sleeve; not shown in Fig. 20-27) has an opening for each bore in the stator, which is aligned with this opening, which has a smaller diameter than the bore but a larger diameter than the respective mandrel of the tool, so that a stop surface for the coil spring is formed and the mandrel can nevertheless act on the fourth part 30b through this opening. The diameter of the mandrel may be larger than the diameter of the inner opening 30c of the fourth part 30b, but is smaller than the diameter of the coil spring and the fourth part 30b.

Fig. 23 shows the programmed locking cylinder after key 10 has been removed. So that the locking cylinder can be actuated by rotating rotor 5, key 10 or a key of identical construction must be inserted so that all joints between the second and fourth elements are positioned accordingly.

There is often a need for locking cylinders to be able to be actuated by several different keys in order to grant different access authorizations, e.g. for a main entrance and apartment doors, for a general key (master key), or for more complex different hierarchical levels. To this end, in the case of purely mechanical locks, at least some of the tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs must have multiple parting lines in order to be able to be actuated by different keys, and/or tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs must be omitted entirely.

Systems with locking cylinders that can be opened with several different keys are called MKS systems here. Two possibilities are shown below with reference to FIGS. 24-27 which—in addition to the trivial solution of simply omitting tumbler/counter-tumbler pairs—also make the locking cylinders according to the invention suitable for MKS systems.

FIG. 24 shows a lock cylinder which, in the initial configuration, corresponds to that of FIG. 20 during programming, in a set-up analogous to FIG. 22. In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 22, however, the tool 9 has a more complex structure. In addition to the mandrels 9a, it has a plurality of programming pins 90, which are guided through the tool coaxially with the tumbler and counter-tumbler bore and can be guided through the inner opening 30c of the fourth part 30b and through the inner opening of the separation arrangement 40 and so directly can act on the second part 2b.

In the illustrated embodiment, the tool 9 is equipped with a programming pin 90 per mandrel, but this is optional: if it is known from the outset at which position the tumbler-counter-tumbler pair should have multiple joints, it can also be equipped only at those positions . As a further alternative, the functions of the mandrels 9a and the programming pins 90 can also be implemented by two different tools which are applied one after the other, or the same tool can be used twice in a row, once without programming pins and once with programming pins.

The programming pins 90 are adjustable (relative to the body and the mandrels 9a of the tool in the illustrated embodiment) so that they protrude to different extents into the bores and push the second parts 2b inwards to different extents when the tool is guided up to the stop 9b. In particular, it can push a second part 2b further inwards than it was pushed through the fourth part 30b by the action of the mandrel 9a, so that in this case the second part lies at a defined distance from the fourth part. This can also be seen clearly in FIG. 25, which shows the situation after the tool 9 has been removed and the key removed.

In the illustrative example shown, the distance at position P1 is, for example, two units (one unit is the difference between two adjacent possible defined coding depths of coding bores in the key, corresponding to the distance between two adjacent parting lines of the separation arrangement 40, here corresponding to the thickness of one of the separation elements 41, 42, 43), three units at position P5, one unit at position P3, and no spacing at all at positions P2 and P4.

Where a distance is programmed between the second and fourth parts, there are several possible parting lines between the tumbler and counter tumbler; the separating elements in the space can optionally remain in the bore of the tumbler or the counter tumbler when the rotor is rotated relative to the stator - similar to a so-called "split pin" as is known in conventional mechanical locking systems with an MKS function.

The number of parting lines per tumbler-counter tumbler pair is a+1, where a is the distance measured in stated units.

The programming means acting directly on the second part - in this case programming pins 90 - makes it possible to have a locking cylinder which has at least one tumbler/counter-tumbler pair which has a plurality of separating gaps, as is required for locking systems with an MKS function.

Fig. 26 shows an alternative approach, in which some of the tumbler counter-tumbler pairs - in the example shown, the two pairs in relation to the key opening on the inside, ie the far left in the illustration of Fig. 26 - not programmable, but as pairs of conventional tumblers 22 and Counter tumblers 23, with a split pin 24 in between, are formed. The split pin 24--or possibly several split pins per pair of holes--can be formed in different thicknesses, as is known per se, and thus have different parting lines corresponding to defined coding depths of the corresponding hole on the key. Structure and programming of the remaining guard locking-counter locking pairs is as described with reference to Figs. 20-23. 27 shows the locking cylinder 1 after programming.

In contrast to the exemplary embodiments already described, the selection of the coding of the key for a lock cylinder according to FIGS. 26 and 27 cannot be freely selected; Rather, the codings are specified at the positions of the conventional guard locking/counter locking pairs that are generally already fitted by the cylinder manufacturer, with several different codings fitting, as is known from MKS systems - depending on the selected guard locking, counter locking and split pin(s).

The conventional MKS tumbler-counter tumbler pairs can optionally be identical for all lock cylinders in a series of lock cylinders and can thus also be delivered as generic cylinders, but offer an MKS function due to their design.

Systems with an MKS function according to the principle of FIGS. 26 and 27 have, in particular, an MKS function and can nevertheless be programmed with a very simple tool; So they combine the MKS functionality of known systems with the programmability using a very simple tool according to the embodiments figures 1 -23.

In all of the illustrated exemplary embodiments, a press fit has been described here for fixing the first part relative to the second part and for fixing the third part relative to the fourth part. However, this is not necessary. Other fixing mechanisms that allow programming of the type described here are also conceivable for all of the embodiments.

A first alternative to the press fit (a non-positive connection) is, for example, a latching system according to which the second part can latch relative to the first part and/or the fourth part can latch relative to the third part at a plurality of defined positions. For example, the second part can have a small circumferential rib or at least one latching projection which can latch into one of a plurality of corresponding grooves or latching openings of the first part; The same optionally applies to the fourth part and the third part.

A second alternative to the press fit is gluing, in which case a small amount of adhesive is placed between the first and second parts and/or between the third and fourth parts prior to programming, and the tool is removed only after the adhesive has cured.

Other material connections such as welding - e.g. with current passed through counter locking and locking - or soldering are not excluded. Also not ruled out are other (in addition to the locking system) form-fitting connections, for example by being connected to an activation (for example rotation of the second/fourth element in the manner of a bayonet connection).

Claims (15)

Lock cylinder, having a stator (6) and a rotor (5) rotatable in the stator with a key opening (1a) into which a key (10) can be inserted, as well as a plurality of tumbler/counter tumbler pairs, which are inserted in bores in the rotor or Stator are displaceably mounted, wherein at least one of the tumblers has a first (2a) and a second part (2b), which can be brought into different positions relative to one another and fixed in these, and at least the associated counter tumbler (30) has a third (30a ) and a fourth part (30b), which can be brought into different positions relative to one another and fixed in them, with a closing effective total length of the tumbler along a bore axis depending on the relative position of the first and second parts and a closing effective total length of the counter tumbler along of the bore axis depends on the relative position of the third and fourth parts. Lock cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the first, second, third and fourth parts are shaped and arranged relative to one another in an initial position of the rotor relative to the stator such that a movement of the fourth part relative to the third part by a path length L causes a movement of the second part relative to the first part by the same path length L. Lock cylinder according to Claim 1 or 2, having an access which is arranged in such a way that a tool (9) from outside the lock cylinder can act on at least the fourth part and displace it relative to the third part. Lock cylinder according to one of Claims 1 to 3, having a separating arrangement (40) which is arranged between the first part (2a) and the third part (30a), the first part forming an inner, key-side end of the tumbler, the third Part (30a) forms an outer end of the counter tumbler, wherein when the bore in the rotor (5) in which the tumbler (2) is mounted and the bore in the stator (6) in which the counter tumbler (30) is mounted, are aligned with each other and the counter tumbler is urged inwardly by a spring force, the separator assembly (40) is in physical contact with the third part and abuts the first part, creating a clearance between the inner key end of the tumbler and the outer end of the counter tumbler through the first part, the third part and the separation arrangement is defined and is independent of the relative positions of the second (2b) and the fourth part (30b). Lock cylinder according to Claim 4, in which the separating arrangement (40) has a plurality of defined separating gaps, in particular in that it is constructed from a plurality of separating elements (41, 42, 43). Lock cylinder according to claim 4 or 5, wherein an outside portion of the first part (2a), the separating arrangement (40) and an inside portion of the third part (30a) are aligned with one another with respect to the bore axis, and wherein the second part (2b) and the fourth part (30b) aligned with each other. Locking cylinder according to one of claims 1-6, wherein all tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs have the same overall length in order to prevent reading. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1-7, wherein the second part is arranged radially-with respect to the bore axis-inside a sleeve-like part of the first part and the fourth part is arranged radially-inside a sleeve-like part of the third part. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1-8, wherein the fourth part (30b) has a through opening (30c) through which a tool acting from outside the lock cylinder can act directly on the second part (2b) in order to define a plurality of Joints to bring the second and the fourth part in a defined distance from each other. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1-9, wherein the lock cylinder is programmable by a tool (9) which exerts a pushing force on the counter tumbler or directly on the tumbler in order to displace the second part relative to the first part, while a key with a desired coding is introduced into the cylinder and forms a dependent on the coding on the inside stop for the tumbler. Lock cylinder according to claim 10, having an access for the tool, which access is formed in particular by an access opening per tumbler-counter-tumbler pair with a two-part tumbler. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1-11, wherein the first part (2a) and the second part (2b) are connected to one another in an interference fit. Lock cylinder according to one of Claims 1-12, wherein the first part forms a key-side end of the tumbler for scanning a key inserted into the lock cylinder and the second part forms a counter-tumbler-side end of the tumbler for interaction with the respective associated counter-tumbler. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1-13, wherein a stop for limiting a movement of the tumbler into the key opening is formed by the first part. Lock cylinder according to one of Claims 1-14, having the combination of a plurality of programmable tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs, in which at least the tumbler has a first (2a) and a second part (2b) which can be brought into different positions relative to one another and in these can be fixed, with at least one MKS tumbler-counter tumbler pair, in which the tumbler (22) and the counter tumbler (23) each have a predetermined length and between the tumbler (22) and the counter tumbler (23) at least one split pin (24) is present.

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