EP4229492A1 - Fehleranalyse einer sensoranordnung hinsichtlich instabiler fehler - Google Patents
Fehleranalyse einer sensoranordnung hinsichtlich instabiler fehlerInfo
- Publication number
- EP4229492A1 EP4229492A1 EP21787335.5A EP21787335A EP4229492A1 EP 4229492 A1 EP4229492 A1 EP 4229492A1 EP 21787335 A EP21787335 A EP 21787335A EP 4229492 A1 EP4229492 A1 EP 4229492A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- edge
- signal
- error
- sensor
- diagnostic device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
- G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/0703—Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation
- G06F11/0751—Error or fault detection not based on redundancy
- G06F11/0754—Error or fault detection not based on redundancy by exceeding limits
- G06F11/076—Error or fault detection not based on redundancy by exceeding limits by exceeding a count or rate limit, e.g. word- or bit count limit
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/282—Testing of electronic circuits specially adapted for particular applications not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/2829—Testing of circuits in sensor or actuator systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/30—Monitoring
- G06F11/32—Monitoring with visual or acoustical indication of the functioning of the machine
- G06F11/324—Display of status information
- G06F11/327—Alarm or error message display
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/182—Level alarms, e.g. alarms responsive to variables exceeding a threshold
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for error analysis of a sensor arrangement with regard to unstable errors, the sensor arrangement outputting an analog sensor signal as a function of a measured variable.
- the invention relates to a diagnostic device for error analysis of a sensor arrangement with regard to unstable errors.
- Errors in analog sensor arrangements or in connection lines of analog sensor arrangements have an impact on the accuracy and reliability of those functions and devices that continue to use the analog sensor output signal.
- Pressure and temperature sensors can be used for motor control, for example.
- an engine control unit can control the engine torque as a function of measured pressure or temperature values.
- erroneous output signals from the analog sensors have a direct impact on the performance, exhaust emissions and reliability of the motor vehicle. This applies analogously to other applications.
- the document WO 2020/058001 A1 describes a method and a device for diagnosing a lambda probe.
- a diagnostic DC voltage or a diagnostic AC voltage is fed into the lambda probe, which drops across a Nernst cell of the lambda probe.
- a distinction can be made between a short circuit and a line break in the Nernst cell, depending on whether a direct or alternating voltage is detected at the corresponding terminals at which the voltage is fed and, if applicable, depending on the amplitude of the detected voltage.
- this method is designed specifically for diagnosing a lambda probe and cannot be transferred to any analog sensors.
- the diagnostic principle of feeding in a diagnostic voltage and analyzing the corresponding response is not suitable for unstable errors.
- the improved concept is based on the idea of determining the cumulative height of signal edges of an analog sensor signal within a specified time interval and generating an error message depending on this.
- a method for error analysis of a sensor arrangement with regard to unstable errors is specified.
- the sensor arrangement outputs an analog sensor signal depending on a measured variable.
- a diagnostic device is used to identify a number of error events within a predetermined time interval, with the sensor signal for each error event having a first edge and a second edge following the first edge.
- a diagnostic signal is generated by the diagnostic device as a function of a cumulative height of the first edges and/or the second edges.
- the diagnostic signal is compared to a first threshold value by the diagnostic device and an error message is generated by the diagnostic device depending on a result of the comparison.
- a sensor or a sensor arrangement that outputs an analog sensor signal depending on the value of the measured variable, i.e.
- an analog Sensor in which an amplitude or an absolute value of the sensor signal changes continuously or essentially continuously with the value of the measured variable, is referred to as an analog Sensor or referred to as an analog sensor array.
- the sensor arrangement can contain the analog sensor and optionally an analog-to-digital converter.
- the analog-to-digital converter can convert the analog sensor signal into a digitized sensor signal. According to the improved concept, however, in particular the analog, non-digitized sensor signal is used as described.
- the sensor arrangement can also have a filter unit or other components.
- the sensor signal can correspond to a direct output signal from the sensor or to a pre-processed, for example filtered, output signal from the sensor.
- An unstable error can be understood here and below as an error that is not continuously or permanently present and/or the effects of which, in particular on the sensor signal, cannot be measured continuously or permanently, or the effects of which, in particular on the sensor signal, are variable over time .
- the unstable error can in particular also be viewed and referred to as an intermittent error.
- the sensor signal corresponds in particular to a current or a voltage that can be measured at a measuring connection to which the diagnostic device is directly or indirectly connected.
- the measuring connection is connected directly or indirectly to a signal connection of the sensor, for example by wire.
- the absolute value or the amplitude of the sensor signal corresponds to the value of a physical measured variable. Depending on the embodiment of the sensor, this can involve different measured variables, such as a pressure, a temperature, an acceleration and so on.
- further electronic components for example signal filters or the like, can also be arranged between the sensor output and the measuring connection.
- the sensor signal then corresponds, for example, to the filtered output signal of the sensor.
- connection between the sensor output and the measurement port is faulty, for example broken or short-circuited, this corresponds to the measurement port measured signal does not necessarily correspond to the signal present at the sensor output.
- the signal measured at the measuring connection which can also be regarded as an apparent sensor signal, is nevertheless referred to here and below as a sensor signal, since the diagnostic device per se cannot distinguish this signal from an actual sensor signal.
- the diagnostic device can contain, for example, an electronic control unit, in particular for a motor vehicle, a microcontroller or another computing unit or processor unit and/or other analog and/or digital circuits.
- the motor vehicle can have an electronic control unit, for example, which receives the sensor signal for carrying out one or more vehicle functions, for example engine control.
- the diagnostic device can be part of this electronic control unit or can be designed separately from it.
- an edge can be understood in particular as a signal edge of an analog signal, in particular of the analog sensor signal.
- An analog signal can have an edge in particular if the amplitude of the signal or the amount of the amplitude of the signal changes by a predefined minimum value or more within a predefined period of time, in particular changes monotonically increasing or monotonically decreasing.
- the predefined period of time or the minimum value or their relationship to one another must be defined according to the specific application situation and in particular according to the configuration of the sensor and the value range of the sensor signal.
- the height of an edge can correspond to the change in the amplitude or the amount of the amplitude within the predefined period of time. If, for example, a gradient signal of the sensor signal is considered, ie a time-dependent signal that corresponds or approximately corresponds to the time derivative of the sensor signal, the height of an edge can be determined in particular by integrating the gradient signal over the predefined period of time.
- the gradient signal can be determined, for example, by means of a differentiator, in particular by means of an analog differentiator circuit, by means of a digital evaluation circuit or some other computing unit.
- the cumulative height can be understood, for example, in such a way that it corresponds to the sum of the determined heights of all first edges of the number of error events or the sum of all heights of the second edges of the error events.
- the cumulative height can also correspond to the sum of all heights of all first and second edges of the number of error events, but always using positive values for the heights or always negative values for the heights.
- the cumulative height can also be determined, for example, by summing or integrating, for example, the gradient signal over the appropriate periods of time.
- the sensor signal has a first and a second edge can be viewed as a necessary, but not sufficient, criterion for the presence of an error event.
- other conditions can also be required in order to be able to identify the section of the sensor signal as an error event. These further conditions can relate to the respective heights of the flanks, absolute values of the sensor signal and/or gradients of the flanks and so on.
- the sensor signal can, for example, assume values in a range from 0 to a few volts, for example up to 5 V or 10 V. With such a sensor, for example, there can be talk of an edge if the absolute value of the sensor signal changes by a few volts within a few 10 ms or a few 100 ms. This numerical example serves only to clarify the concept of flank and is in no way to be understood as limiting.
- the second edge follows the first edge can be understood in particular in such a way that there is no further edge of the sensor signal between the first edge and the second edge. However, this does not necessarily imply that the second edge immediately follows the first edge. Rather, the amplitude or the absolute value of the sensor signal between the first and the second edge can be more or less constant or change, without the condition explained above for an edge being fulfilled.
- the cumulative level is used as a measure of the severity of the number of error events within the specified time interval. This takes account of the fact that the sheer number of identified Error events within a predetermined time interval alone is not sufficient to determine whether the unstable error has a significant or relevant effect on a subsequent function that uses the sensor signal.
- the cumulative level and the first threshold value which is to be defined depending on the application and sensor design, allow a precise and individual determination of which error signature is to be regarded as relevant within a predetermined time interval. In particular, this also makes it possible to carry out the error analysis for the most varied types of sensors or fields of application without structural adjustments to the diagnostic device and without fundamental adjustments to the method.
- an error message can be output at a lower cumulative level than, for example, for a pure comfort function, such as temperature control of a vehicle interior. This significantly increases the flexibility of the error analysis.
- the diagnostic device can take into account further properties of the signal curve of the sensor signal and/or the sensor signal.
- the diagnostic signal can be generated, for example, as a function of the cumulative level and of the other properties.
- a further diagnosis signal can also be generated depending on the further properties.
- the range of values for the sensor signal can be limited, for example due to the specific design of the sensor. If the sensor signal reaches a corresponding upper limit or lower limit, the height of the corresponding flank is also limited as a result. In such events, however, the severity of the error can depend on how long the sensor signal remains at the upper limit or lower limit.
- the diagnostic signal or the further diagnostic signal can therefore be generated as a function of a cumulative dwell time of the sensor signal at the upper limit and/or the lower limit. For this purpose, the sensor signal itself can be summed up or integrated over the corresponding periods of time.
- the gradient signal can be modified in such a way that it assumes a predefined value that is different from zero, ie in particular is set to this value as long as the sensor signal remains at the upper limit or the lower limit.
- the lingering of the sensor signal at the upper limit or the lower limit is effectively evaluated as a further increase in the sensor signal, ie the level of the corresponding edge is artificially increased.
- the severity of the error is estimated more precisely, so that the reliability of the method is increased.
- a further measure can also be initiated by means of the diagnostic device or by means of another electronic control unit or another further processing unit, depending on a result of the comparison of the diagnostic signal with the first threshold value, for example a risk-reducing measure.
- operating parameters or functional parameters of the motor vehicle can be adjusted or restricted when the error message is generated.
- the action can also be initiated based on the error message.
- error information can be output to a driver or user of the motor vehicle, for example in an acoustic, visual and/or haptic form.
- the diagnostic device can also store an entry in an error memory depending on the error message.
- a counter value is changed by means of the diagnostic device depending on the result of the comparison of the diagnostic signal with the first threshold value.
- the changed counter value is compared with a second threshold value by means of the diagnostic device and the error message is generated by means of the diagnostic device depending on a result of the comparison of the changed counter value with the second threshold value.
- the counter value is increased, in particular by a predefined increment, or not changed depending on the result of the comparison of the cumulative height with the first threshold value.
- the counter value is incremented when the cumulative height is greater than or equal to the first threshold and is not changed otherwise.
- Steps namely identifying the number of error events, generating the Diagnostic signal, comparing the diagnostic signal with the first threshold value, repeated for one or more further time intervals.
- the diagnostic signal can be reset for each repetition, for example.
- a run-on time or decay time can also be defined, within which the diagnostic signal is returned to its initial value, in particular zero, continuously or in steps.
- the run-on time or decay time can, for example, correspond to the duration of one or more time intervals.
- the diagnostic signal reaches or exceeds the first threshold value during a time interval is therefore a necessary but not sufficient condition for generating the error message. Rather, reaching or exceeding the first threshold value during a single time interval can be interpreted in such a way that a corresponding unstable error was identified in this time interval.
- it can be advantageous or necessary, depending on the application, to know how often or how long a corresponding unstable error has occurred.
- the diagnostic signal can reach or exceed the first threshold value in a single time interval if the sensor signal has a very high edge or a few relatively high edges, but also if the sensor signal has a large number of edges with a relatively low level in this time interval. In both cases, an unstable error would be identified in the corresponding time interval if the first threshold value is exceeded by .
- By comparing the counter value with the second threshold value it is then achieved that individual errors or a few unstable errors do not lead to the generation of the error message, although if applicable, there is no significant impairment of a relevant function. This increases the availability of the sensor arrangement or the function.
- a start time and an end time of the time interval are or will be specified.
- the various time intervals of the corresponding repetitions are therefore, in particular, directly consecutive time intervals, with the time position of the time intervals being independent of the course of the sensor signal itself.
- Such an embodiment has the advantage that it is possible to specify the time intervals in a particularly simple manner.
- the duration of the time interval is or will be specified and the start time of the time interval corresponds to the first edge of an initial error event of the number of error events.
- the time interval only runs when a first edge of an error event is initially identified.
- the diagnosis device identifies a total of error events within the time interval, the sensor signal for each error event of the total of error events having a first edge and a second edge following the first edge.
- the number of error events corresponds to a subset of the entirety of error events.
- an error type from at least two predefined error types is determined by the diagnostic device for each error event of the totality of error events depending on the respective first edge and the respective second edge.
- the number of error events corresponds to a subset of the entirety of error events, the same error type being determined for all error events of the number of error events or the subset.
- a single failure mode of the two or more specified failure modes can be considered and analyzed as described above.
- This has the advantage that different types of errors, which may possibly occur simultaneously, are not mixed up in the evaluation, although they can possibly stem from different reasons. This increases the reliability and reproducibility of the error analysis.
- a corresponding diagnostic signal can be generated by means of the diagnostic device for each type of error of the at least two predefined types of error, for which the above and following statements apply analogously.
- the at least two error types can include, for example, an error type that corresponds to an open circuit of the signal output of the sensor.
- the open circuit can be understood to mean a state in which the electrical connection of the measuring connection to the signal connection is interrupted, that is to say it is not connected to a certain extent (English: “floating”). This condition can also be referred to as "open circuit”.
- the two or more types of faults may also include one or more types of faults, each corresponding to a short circuit of the signal output. Depending on the embodiment, different types of faults can be provided for short circuits with different reference points or reference potentials, or a common type of fault can be provided for short circuits.
- the gradient signal is generated as a function of the sensor signal by means of the diagnostic device, in particular a differentiator.
- the diagnosis device is used to assign an edge category from at least two predetermined edge categories to the respective first edge and an edge category from the at least two edge categories to the respective second edge.
- the type of error is determined using the Diagnostic device determined depending on the error category assigned to the first edge and the edge category assigned to the second edge.
- the two successive edges of an error event are analyzed using the gradient signal, ie in particular with regard to how strongly the respective edge rises or falls, in order to define respective edge categories.
- the type of error can then be determined based on the two edge categories, for example on the sequence of different edge categories on top of each other.
- the method is particularly suitable for identifying and characterizing unstable faults, such as intermittent short circuits or open circuits or other periodic contact breakage or loose contacts.
- the edge category is assigned to the first edge based on the gradient signal during a first time period and the corresponding edge category is assigned to the second edge based on the gradient signal during a second time period.
- the first time period corresponds to a time period of the first edge and the second time period corresponds to a time period of the second edge, meaning respective time periods at which the corresponding edges occur in the sensor signal.
- determining the type of error includes generating an output signal which encodes the type of error depending on the edge category assigned to the first edge and on the edge category assigned to the second edge.
- determining the type of error can include storing the information that an error of the respective type of error has occurred. This can be done, for example, using one or more corresponding counters or using other storage methods.
- the at least two edge categories include a first edge category and a second edge category.
- the first and the second edge category can each correspond to the presence of an error, ie not occurring in an error-free state of the sensor or the connection of the signal output to the measuring connection.
- the at least two edge categories contain a third edge category and/or a fourth edge category.
- the third and/or the fourth edge category can each correspond to the presence of an error.
- the at least two types of error include an intermittent short circuit of a signal output of the sensor arrangement with a reference potential connection and/or an intermittent open circuit of the signal output.
- the diagnostic device only assigns the respective first edge to the first edge category of the at least two edge categories for each error event of the totality of error events if the gradient signal exceeds a predefined positive first gradient limit value during the first edge.
- the diagnostic device only assigns the respective second edge to the first edge category for each error event of the totality of error events if the gradient signal exceeds the first gradient limit value during the second edge.
- the phrases “during the first edge” or “during the second edge” can be understood in such a way that they indicate a process during the corresponding period of time, which corresponds to the respective edge during which the edge is present in the sensor signal.
- the fact that the gradient signal exceeds a gradient limit value can be understood in particular in such a way that the gradient signal is initially less than or equal to the gradient limit value and then assumes a value that is greater than the gradient limit value.
- the fact that the gradient signal falls below a gradient limit value can be understood in particular in such a way that the gradient signal is initially greater than or equal to the gradient limit value and then assumes a value that is smaller than the gradient limit value.
- Exceeding or falling below a signal limit value by the sensor signal can also be understood analogously.
- the first edge category is present when the edge under consideration corresponds to a rising edge of the sensor signal and the rise at least temporarily has a steepness that exceeds a steepness defined by the first gradient limit value.
- Such an edge can also be referred to as a step increase in the sensor signal.
- a value range for the amplitude of the sensor signal can be defined and limited in particular by a first reference potential and a second reference potential.
- the first reference potential can also be referred to as the upper reference potential and the second reference potential as the lower reference potential, with the lower reference potential being lower than the upper reference potential.
- the first reference potential can be a positive electrical potential and the second reference potential can be a negative reference potential or a zero potential or ground potential.
- the upper reference potential can also correspond to zero potential or ground potential and the lower reference potential can be correspondingly negative.
- the first edge category ie the sudden increase in the sensor signal, occurs in particular when the signal output of the sensor is short-circuited to the upper reference potential.
- the first edge category occurs, for example, when a short circuit of the signal output to the lower reference potential is removed.
- the diagnostic device only assigns the first edge to a second edge category of the at least two edge categories for each error event of the totality of error events if the gradient signal falls below a negative second gradient limit value during the first edge.
- the diagnostic device only assigns the second edge to the second edge category for each error event of the totality of error events if the gradient signal falls below the second gradient limit value during the second edge.
- the second edge category thus corresponds in particular to a falling edge of the sensor signal, with the drop at least temporarily having a steepness, in particular a negative steepness, the absolute value of which is greater than the absolute value of the slope defined by the second gradient limit value.
- Such an edge can also be referred to as a sudden drop in the sensor signal, for example.
- Such a sudden drop in the sensor signal occurs, for example, when the short circuit of the signal output to the upper reference potential is removed or when the short circuit of the signal output to the lower reference potential is established.
- a sudden drop in the sensor signal can also occur when the open circuit of the signal output is terminated or removed.
- a more specific determination of the type of error can therefore be made on the basis of the second edge category, in particular in combination with the first edge category.
- the diagnostic device only assigns the respective first edge to the first edge category for each error event of the totality of error events if the sensor signal exceeds a first predefined signal limit value during the first edge, and/or the respective second edge is only then the assigned to the first edge category if the sensor signal exceeds the first signal limit value during the second edge.
- the diagnostic device only assigns the first edge to the second edge category for each error event of the totality of error events if the sensor signal falls below a second signal limit value during the first edge and/or the second edge is only assigned to the second edge category if the sensor signal falls below the second signal limit value during the second edge.
- the absolute value of the first signal limit value is greater than the absolute value of the second signal limit value.
- a further condition is specified in addition to the gradient signal exceeding the first gradient limit value or falling below the second gradient limit value in order to assign the edge to the first or second edge category. In such embodiments, it is therefore not sufficient if the edge rises or falls steeply enough, rather it is relevant whether the respective edge also exceeds or falls below a corresponding value of the sensor signal itself.
- this makes it possible to distinguish actual faults, such as short circuits or open circuits, from other reasons that can lead to a rapid rise or fall in the sensor signal.
- This can be caused, for example, by a value of the underlying physical measurement variable that changes very quickly without there being an error.
- error-free changes in the physical measurement variable with a high rate of change, ie a steep increase or decrease in the sensor signal usually take place within certain limits that are smaller than the entire possible value range for the sensor signal.
- the risk of false positive error determinations can be reduced.
- the diagnostic device assigns the respective first edge to the first edge category for each error event of the totality of error events precisely when the gradient signal exceeds the first gradient limit value during the first edge and the sensor signal exceeds the first signal limit value during the first edge.
- the diagnostic device assigns the respective second edge to the first edge category for each error event of the totality of error events precisely when the gradient signal exceeds the first gradient limit value during the second edge and the sensor signal exceeds the first signal limit value during the second edge.
- the diagnostic device assigns the respective first edge to the second edge category for each error event of the totality of error events precisely when the gradient signal falls below the second gradient limit value during the first edge and the sensor signal falls below the second signal limit value during the first edge. According to at least one embodiment, the diagnostic device assigns the respective second edge to the second edge category for each error event of the totality of error events precisely when the gradient signal falls below the second gradient limit value during the second edge and the sensor signal falls below the second signal limit value during the second edge.
- the type of error is determined as an intermittent short circuit of the signal output of the sensor with a first reference potential connection when, in particular exactly when, the respective first edge has been assigned to the first edge category and the respective second edge has been assigned to the second edge category, with the first Reference potential connection is in particular on the first reference potential.
- the sensor signal assumes a value that is close to the first reference potential within a short time. If the short circuit is then corrected again, the sensor signal assumes the original value or another value that actually corresponds at least approximately to the physical measured variable, so that the edge sequence described is established. In this way, the presence of an intermittent short circuit with the first reference potential connection can be reliably detected and categorized.
- the error type is determined as an intermittent short circuit of the signal output with a second reference potential connection when the first edge has been assigned to the second edge category and the second edge has been assigned to the first edge category, with the first reference potential connection and the second reference potential connection being at different electrical reference potentials .
- the second reference potential connection is at the second reference potential.
- the sensor signal assumes a value that is close to the second reference potential within a short time. If the short circuit is then remedied, the sensor signal returns to its original value or to another value Value that actually corresponds at least approximately to the physical measured variable, so that the edge sequence described is set.
- the diagnostic device only assigns the respective first edge to a third edge category of the at least two edge categories for each error event of the totality of error events if the gradient signal during the first edge exceeds a predefined positive third gradient limit value and the does not exceed the first gradient limit.
- the third gradient limit value is in particular smaller than the first gradient limit value.
- there is a signal increase in the sensor signal which is not as steep as is the case with a step increase according to the above definition, but which is at least as steep as the third gradient limit value requires.
- an edge of the third edge category can occur when an open circuit of the signal output is generated.
- the signal output measured as a sensor signal can be charged from the first reference potential, for example via provided or parasitic ohmic resistances and/or capacitances, resulting in a slower signal rise compared to the jump rise in the sensor signal described above.
- a reliable distinction can be made between a short circuit of the signal output to the first reference potential and the open circuit of the signal output.
- the error type is determined as an intermittent open circuit of the signal output if the respective first edge has been assigned to the third edge category and the respective second edge has been assigned to the second edge category.
- the diagnostic device only assigns the respective first edge to the third edge category for each error event of the totality of error events if the Gradient signal falls below a negative fourth gradient limit value during the first edge and does not fall below the second gradient limit value.
- the error type is determined as an open circuit of the signal output if the respective first edge was assigned to the third edge category and the respective second edge was assigned to the first edge category.
- a diagnostic device for error analysis of a sensor arrangement with regard to unstable errors is also specified.
- the sensor arrangement is set up to output an analog sensor signal as a function of a measured variable.
- the diagnostic device contains an evaluation unit which is set up to identify a number of error events within a predetermined time interval, the sensor signal for each error event having a first edge and a second edge following the first edge.
- the diagnostic device has a cumulative unit or an integrator unit which is set up to generate a diagnostic signal as a function of a cumulative height of the first edges and/or the second edges.
- the diagnostic device has a diagnostic unit that is set up to compare the diagnostic signal with a first threshold value and to generate an error message depending on a result of the comparison.
- the sensor arrangement is not necessarily part of the diagnostic device.
- the diagnostic device can, for example, have a connection for connecting the sensor arrangement or the sensor, in particular in order to connect the signal output of the sensor to the diagnostic device.
- the diagnostic device has a differentiator which is set up to generate the gradient signal as a function of the sensor signal.
- the cumulation or integration unit is set up to generate the diagnostic signal as a function of the gradient signal.
- Further embodiments of the diagnostic device according to the improved concept follow directly from the various embodiments of the method according to the improved concept and vice versa.
- a diagnostic device according to the improved concept can be set up or programmed to carry out a method according to the improved concept or it carries out such a method.
- a sensor device is also specified.
- the sensor device has an analog sensor arrangement or an analog sensor and a diagnostic device based on the improved concept, with the analog sensor arrangement and/or the analog sensor being coupled or connected to the diagnostic device, with the connection in particular being direct or indirect via one or more additional devices Components of the sensor array can be configured.
- the senor is designed as a pressure sensor, for example as an intake manifold pressure sensor for a motor vehicle, or as a temperature sensor, for example as an intake air temperature sensor for a motor vehicle.
- the sensor device or the diagnostic device contains a low-pass filter, for example an RC element.
- the low-pass filter is set up to generate a filtered output signal from the sensor signal as a function of an output signal from the sensor.
- the low-pass filter can be arranged, for example, between the analog sensor and the diagnostic device.
- a motor vehicle with a diagnostic device and/or a sensor device according to the improved concept is also specified.
- the motor vehicle has an engine control unit and the engine control unit contains the diagnostic device or the evaluation unit of the diagnostic device.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a diagnostic device and a sensor device according to the improved concept
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the diagnostic device and the sensor device of FIG. 1 when a first type of error is present
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic signal diagram relating to the first type of error in FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of the diagnostic device and the sensor device of FIG. 1 when a second type of error is present
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic signal diagram relating to the second type of error in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of the diagnostic device and the sensor device of FIG. 1 when a third type of error is present
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic signal diagram relating to the third type of error in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic flow chart of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the improved concept.
- the exemplary embodiments explained below are preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention.
- the components described each represent individual features of the invention to be considered independently of one another, which also develop the invention independently of one another and are therefore also to be regarded as part of the invention individually or in a combination other than that shown.
- the exemplary embodiments described can also be supplemented by further features of the invention already described.
- the diagnostic device 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a diagnostic device 1 according to the improved concept.
- a sensor arrangement that contains an analog sensor 2 is also shown.
- the diagnostic device 1 and the sensor arrangement can for example be part of a sensor device according to the improved concept.
- the sensor 2 has a signal output 2', at which it can output an analog output signal S', in particular a sensor voltage.
- the output signal S' can be provided at a sensor connection 4 of the sensor arrangement or of the diagnostic device 1, which is connected to the signal output 2' by one or more electrical lines 3.
- the low-pass filter 8 can output a filtered output signal, which can be viewed as a sensor signal S, at an output of the low-pass filter 8 .
- the output signal S' can also be viewed as a sensor signal.
- the low-pass filter 8 and/or the pull-up resistor 9 can be part of a control unit for a motor vehicle, for example. It is pointed out that other embodiments of the low-pass filter 8 can also be provided.
- the sensor 2 When the sensor 2 is operating correctly, it supplies the output signal S' via the signal connection 4 to the low-pass filter 8, which generates the sensor signal S accordingly.
- the diagnostic device 1 has, for example, a differentiator 5 which is connected to the low-pass filter 8 in order to receive the sensor signal S.
- the differentiator 5 is set up to differentiate the sensor signal S and thereby to generate a gradient signal G.
- the diagnostic device 1 also has an evaluation unit 6 which is connected to the low-pass filter 8 in order to obtain the sensor signal S and is connected to an output of the differentiator 5 in order to obtain the gradient signal G.
- the diagnostic device 1 has an integrator 7, which is connected to the output of the differentiator 5 to obtain the gradient signal G and can be controlled by the evaluation unit 6, for example.
- the integrator 7 can generate a diagnosis signal D based on the gradient signal.
- the diagnostic device 1 also has a diagnostic unit 11, which is connected to the integrator 7 in order to receive the diagnostic signal D and, depending on the diagnostic signal D, can generate an error message F.
- the first reference potential connection 10 is at a first electrical potential, which is positive, for example.
- the reference potential connection 10 can correspond to an output potential of a voltage source, for example.
- the second reference potential connection 10' is at a second electrical potential, for example at a ground potential.
- FIG. 8 schematically shows a flowchart of an exemplary embodiment of a method for fault analysis of a sensor arrangement with regard to unstable faults according to the improved concept.
- the diagnostic device 1 in particular the evaluation unit 6, identifies, depending on the sensor signal S, a number of error events within a predetermined time interval. Each error event has a first edge and a second edge following the first edge.
- the integrator 7 receives the gradient signal G and is controlled by the evaluation unit 6 in such a way that it generates a diagnosis signal D depending on the gradient signal G, which corresponds to a cumulative height of the second edges or a cumulative height of the first edges of the error events.
- step S2 the diagnostic unit 11 compares the diagnostic signal D with a predetermined first threshold value SW1. If the diagnosis signal D is greater than or equal to the first threshold value SW1, then the diagnosis unit 11 increases a counter by a corresponding increment. In step S3, the increased counter value is compared by the diagnosis unit 11 with a predetermined second threshold value SW2. Depending on a result of the comparison with the second threshold value SW2, the diagnostic unit 11 then generates the error message F. In particular, the diagnostic unit 11 generates the error message F when the counter value or the increased counter value is greater than or equal to the second threshold value SW2.
- step S3 determines whether the severity of the error justifies that the error message F is generated.
- the severity of the error can be understood as the severity of the system influence of the corresponding faulty component.
- FIG. 2 shows the sensor arrangement and the diagnostic device 1 of FIG. 1, with the signal output 2' being switched open intermittently, as indicated by two parallel lines between the signal output 2' and the sensor connection 4.
- FIG. 3 shows the sensor signal S, the gradient signal G and the diagnosis signal D schematically.
- Fig. 3 three consecutive error events are shown, which are characterized by consecutive first and second edges of the sensor signal S in each case.
- the increase in the sensor signal S during the first edge of an error event is less steep than would be the case, for example, with a sudden increase in the sensor signal S. This is due to the fact that, as can be seen in FIG.
- the first edges of the sensor signal S are each followed by a sudden drop as the second edge.
- the different edge categories can also be identified from the profile of the gradient signal G. The value of the gradient signal G thus remains relatively small, whereas sharp peaks occur during the second flanks.
- the diagnosis signal D corresponds to the output of the integrator 7, which, controlled by the evaluation unit 6, integrates the gradient signal G, for example, during the second edges.
- Appropriate diagnostic signals can be generated for other types of errors, in particular short circuits of the signal output 2' with one of the reference potentials 10, 10'.
- FIG 4 shows the diagnostic device 1 or the sensor arrangement, with an intermittent short circuit between the signal output 2' of the sensor 2 and the first reference potential connection 10 being indicated by a dashed connecting line.
- a current flows from the first reference potential connection 10 via the sensor connection 4 into the low-pass filter 8.
- the associated sensor signal S and the associated gradient signal G are shown schematically as a function of time.
- the first edge of the sensor signal S is reflected as a positive signal pulse in the gradient signal G and the second edge as a negative signal pulse.
- the described short circuit with the reference potential connection 10 is established.
- the duration of Jump increase or jump drop can be in the order of a few milliseconds, for example less than 5 ms.
- the maximum or minimum values of the gradient signal G can assume magnitudes in the range of several 100 V/s or 1000 V/s.
- FIG. 6 shows the diagnostic device 1 and the sensor arrangement corresponding to an intermittent short circuit of the signal output 2' to the second reference potential connection 10'.
- the associated signal diagram is shown in FIG.
- the signal curves here are to a certain extent the opposite of the situation in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.
- the short circuit is first established, which is accompanied by a sudden drop in the sensor signal S, and then the short circuit is eliminated again, resulting in a corresponding sudden increase in the sensor signal S leads.
- this behavior can be identified with the intermittent short circuit of the signal output 2' with the second reference potential connection 10'.
- the severity or the relevance of intermittent errors can be estimated and appropriately taken into account using the improved concept.
- the presence of intermittent errors in analog sensors can be determined particularly reliably on the basis of various embodiments, and different errors can be reliably distinguished from one another and evaluated.
- so-called jittery signals which are detected as repeated rising and falling of the sensor signal, can be effectively monitored in this way.
- regulatory requirements for monitoring such signals in motor vehicles can be met.
- two edges of the sensor signal are analyzed so that incorrect diagnoses, for example due to load impacts and the like, are avoided.
- the improved concept can also be used for other analog electrical or electronic components with an analog output signal that are not sensors.
- the analog electronic component can be configured as a control unit, for example.
- the sensor signal is then to be replaced by the analog output signal of the analog electronic component.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020213117.1A DE102020213117A1 (de) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Fehleranalyse einer Sensoranordnung hinsichtlich instabiler Fehler |
| PCT/EP2021/077047 WO2022083999A1 (de) | 2020-10-19 | 2021-10-01 | Fehleranalyse einer sensoranordnung hinsichtlich instabiler fehler |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4229492A1 true EP4229492A1 (de) | 2023-08-23 |
Family
ID=78085640
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21787335.5A Pending EP4229492A1 (de) | 2020-10-19 | 2021-10-01 | Fehleranalyse einer sensoranordnung hinsichtlich instabiler fehler |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4229492A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN116324437B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020213117A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022083999A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0782058B2 (ja) * | 1986-06-23 | 1995-09-06 | 富士通テン株式会社 | センサ系異常検出装置 |
| US6531884B1 (en) * | 2001-08-27 | 2003-03-11 | Rosemount Inc. | Diagnostics for piezoelectric sensor |
| JP5370329B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-30 | 2013-12-18 | 株式会社デンソー | センサ診断装置 |
| EP3354888B1 (de) * | 2015-10-13 | 2020-01-15 | Denso Corporation | Nockenwinkelsensorfehlerdiagnosevorrichtung für fahrzeuge vom aufsitztyp, motorsystem und fahrzeug vom aufsitztyp |
| US9996078B1 (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2018-06-12 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Pre-emptive fault detection through advanced signal analysis |
| US12099084B2 (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2024-09-24 | Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. | Systems and methods for real-time fault detection |
| DE102018215887A1 (de) | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-19 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Diagnostizieren eines Abgassensors |
| US11327476B2 (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2022-05-10 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Sensor fall curve identification |
| CN109709934B (zh) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-04-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | 一种飞行控制系统故障诊断冗余设计方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-10-19 DE DE102020213117.1A patent/DE102020213117A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-10-01 EP EP21787335.5A patent/EP4229492A1/de active Pending
- 2021-10-01 CN CN202180071166.0A patent/CN116324437B/zh active Active
- 2021-10-01 WO PCT/EP2021/077047 patent/WO2022083999A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022083999A1 (de) | 2022-04-28 |
| CN116324437B (zh) | 2025-10-17 |
| DE102020213117A1 (de) | 2022-04-21 |
| CN116324437A (zh) | 2023-06-23 |
| US20230393921A1 (en) | 2023-12-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE102018217116B3 (de) | Hochvoltsystem und Verfahren zur Überwachung von Isolationsfehlern in einem Hochvoltsystem | |
| DE10056408C1 (de) | Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Prozessors | |
| DE102009061036B4 (de) | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Residuengenerierung zur Erkennung von fehlerhaften Transienten, Drift oder Oszillationen im Systemverhalten eines Systems eines Flugzeugs, und Flugzeug | |
| DE4126961C2 (de) | Klopfsteuer-Verfahren und Vorrichtung für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen | |
| DE102010000663A1 (de) | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung und Auswertung eines Abgassensors | |
| DE102018124351A1 (de) | Echtzeit-steigungssteuerungsvorrichtung für einen spannungsregler und verfahren zum betreiben dieser vorrichtung | |
| DE102019202472A1 (de) | Verifizierung einer Sensormessung in Quasi-Echtzeit | |
| DE102014219807B4 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Prüfung einer Funktionsfähigkeit eines Stromsensors und Fahrzeug | |
| WO2007014945A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur überprüfung eines ersten spannungswertes | |
| DE102014219806B4 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Prüfung einer Funktionsfähigkeit eines Stromsensors und Fahrzeug | |
| DE10331702A1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Auswahl von Sensorausgangssignalen | |
| AT520679B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Überprüfung und gegebenenfalls zur Verbesserung eines Fahrzeugdiagnosesystems | |
| DE69717178T2 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung und Erfassung der Spannungspulsbreite einer Kraftfahrzeugeinspritzanlage | |
| WO2022083999A1 (de) | Fehleranalyse einer sensoranordnung hinsichtlich instabiler fehler | |
| DE102012211722A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Diagnose eines Bauteils, eines Systems oder einer Systemkomponente einer Brennkraftmaschine | |
| EP3404430B1 (de) | Verfahren zur überwachung eines betriebs einer binären schnittstelle und entsprechende binäre schnittstelle | |
| EP4229491A1 (de) | Fehleranalyse eines sensors | |
| EP3365784B1 (de) | Schaltungsanordnung und verfahren zur überwachung eines mikrocontrollers auf der grundlage einer wächterspannung | |
| DE10145485B4 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Diagnose eines Sensors | |
| DE10140855A1 (de) | Prüfschaltung | |
| DE102024201587B4 (de) | Halbleiteranordnung | |
| EP0694451B1 (de) | Fahrzeugsicherungsanordnung | |
| DE102024209198B4 (de) | Verfahren zum Überwachen von Isolationswiderständen und entsprechendes Steuergerät | |
| EP4106200B1 (de) | Näherungsschalter mit funktionaler sicherheit | |
| WO2003027684A2 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum überwachen einer sensoreinheit |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20230324 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20250818 |