EP4228448A1 - Article à fumer et procédé de fabrication d'un article à fumer - Google Patents
Article à fumer et procédé de fabrication d'un article à fumerInfo
- Publication number
- EP4228448A1 EP4228448A1 EP21794352.1A EP21794352A EP4228448A1 EP 4228448 A1 EP4228448 A1 EP 4228448A1 EP 21794352 A EP21794352 A EP 21794352A EP 4228448 A1 EP4228448 A1 EP 4228448A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- segment
- tobacco
- tobacco product
- smoking article
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 178
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Norphytane Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 vapor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
- A24D3/048—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure containing additives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
- A24D3/10—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/12—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/12—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco
- A24B15/14—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco made of tobacco and a binding agent not derived from tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
- A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
- A24C5/01—Making cigarettes for simulated smoking devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
- A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
- A24C5/14—Machines of the continuous-rod type
- A24C5/18—Forming the rod
- A24C5/1885—Forming the rod for cigarettes with an axial air duct
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
- A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
- A24C5/47—Attaching filters or mouthpieces to cigars or cigarettes, e.g. inserting filters into cigarettes or their mouthpieces
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
- A24D1/04—Cigars; Cigarettes with mouthpieces or filter-tips
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
- A24D1/04—Cigars; Cigarettes with mouthpieces or filter-tips
- A24D1/045—Cigars; Cigarettes with mouthpieces or filter-tips with smoke filter means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
- A24D1/20—Cigarettes specially adapted for simulated smoking devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/0204—Preliminary operations before the filter rod forming process, e.g. crimping, blooming
- A24D3/0212—Applying additives to filter materials
- A24D3/022—Applying additives to filter materials with liquid additives, e.g. application of plasticisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/0204—Preliminary operations before the filter rod forming process, e.g. crimping, blooming
- A24D3/0212—Applying additives to filter materials
- A24D3/0225—Applying additives to filter materials with solid additives, e.g. incorporation of a granular product
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/0275—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters for filters with special features
- A24D3/0279—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters for filters with special features with tubes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
- A24D3/043—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure with ventilation means, e.g. air dilution
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/062—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/14—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as additive
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/17—Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a smoking article, preferably a heat-not-burn product, comprising an improved taste.
- the tobacco or tobacco derived smokable material comprised in a tobacco segment is heated with an electrical heat source.
- the tobacco or tobacco derived smokable material is preferably heated up to 250°C. At these temperatures, the material evaporates a smokable aerosol which may then be inhaled by a user.
- a heat-not-burn product still comprises taste deficits. It is therefore the objective of the invention to provide a heat-not-burn product with an improved taste.
- a smoking article comprising a cylindrical shape with a longitudinal axis running through respective base areas of a distal end and a mouth end of the smoking article, wherein the smoking article comprises the following segments, which are arranged subsequently the following order from the distal to the mouth end, and are at least in part wrapped in a circumferential wrapper:
- a filter segment comprising a second flow path from the cooling segment to the mouth end, characterized in that the filter segment comprises a tobacco product, comprising tobacco particles having an average particle size of 30 micrometer and a dispersion medium for dispersing the tobacco particles.
- the filter segment is arranged at the mouth end of the smoking article. With a tobacco product the flavor of the aerosol generated from the smoking article can be improved.
- the aerosol generated from the tobacco segment mainly consists of glycol residual water, vapor, air, and flavor components including nicotine.
- the aerosol is then passed through a cooling segment in which the aerosol temperature is cooled down for inhalation by the user.
- the aerosol then passes the filter segment which comprises the tobacco product.
- the aerosol will interact with the tobacco product and release and pick up the tobacco flavor from the tobacco particles contained in the tobacco product. This additional tobacco flavoring improves the taste experience yielded from the smoking article drastically.
- By positioning the tobacco product in the filter segment production flexibility is maintained. It is for exampled conceivable to equip the same tobacco segment and cooling segment with differing filter segments comprising different tobacco product concentrations, amounts or even with filter segments without any tobacco product, if it is desired to produce other smoking articles aside from this invention on the very same machinery.
- the tobacco particles are dispersed in a dispersion medium.
- the dispersion medium preferably comprises water, monovalent alcohols, polyvalent alcohols, sugar alcohols, sugars and/or polyvalent alcohol esters.
- the term polyvalent alcohols includes (among others) glycerol and propylene glycol.
- the dispersion medium together with the tobacco particles forms a liquid or paste-like tobacco product before the tobacco product is arranged in the filter segment.
- the dispersion medium content in the tobacco product may be reduced due to drying after the tobacco product is arranged in the filter segment.
- At least one part of the filter segment comprises the shape of a hollow cylinder having an inner lateral area including a through-hole, through which the second flow path is arranged, wherein the second flow path is also parallel to the longitudinal axis, and wherein the inner lateral area is at least in part coated with the tobacco product.
- the tobacco product on at least a part of the inner lateral area is in direct contact with a second flow path.
- the tobacco product is preferably coated on only a part of the inner lateral area of the through hole of the at least one part of the filter segment. This means that there are also other parts of the inner lateral area which remain uncoated by the tobacco product.
- the tobacco product is arranged on at least a part of the inner lateral area in a grated manner and/or in a pattern. In this context grated manner means that the tobacco particle concentration per area unit on the inner lateral area changes along the longitudinal axis. This enables further possibilities to modify and improve the taste profile of the smoking article.
- a bonding agent is arranged between the inner lateral area and the tobacco product.
- the bonding agent improves the adherence of the tobacco product to the inner lateral area of the filter segment.
- the tobacco product on an additional medium, preferably a paper, and then arrange the additional medium carrying the tobacco product on the inner lateral area of the hollow cylinder part of the filter segment.
- additional medium preferably a paper
- At least one part of the filter segment is a filter rod having an inner volume, wherein the tobacco product is arranged in the inner volume of the filter rod
- the at least one part of the filter segment is a cylindrically shaped filter rod.
- Such a filter rod is very similar to a normal standard cigarette filter rod.
- the aerosol flow path is distributed through the whole inner volume of the filter segment.
- the tobacco product is distributed in the material of the filter segment in a homogeneous way. In this way, the tobacco product is arranged within the material of at least one part of the filter segment.
- the tobacco product is uniformly distributed within at least one cylindrically shaped section of the filter rod, having the same diameter as the filter rod. With this uniform distribution within the material of the filter rod, the previously described circling of the aerosol around the tobacco particles contained in the tobacco product is possible.
- the tobacco product is preferably contained only in at least one cylindrically shaped section of the filter rod. This implies that there is another section of the filter rod in which no tobacco product is distributed.
- a second cylindrically shaped section of the filter rod is arranged between the first section which comprises the tobacco product and the mouth end of the smoking article.
- the tobacco particles comprised in the tobacco product will give the filter section, in which it is contained, a certain coloring. Such coloring may not be preferred by the consumers. It is therefore advantageous to arrange a second cylindrically shaped section of the filter rod, which does not comprise the tobacco product, directly at the mouth end of the smoking article. In this way the second cylindrically shaped section is not colored by the tobacco product but maintains its clean optical impression.
- this second cylindrically shaped section By arranging this second cylindrically shaped section with the clean visual impression directly at the mouth end and with the second cylindrically shaped section having the same diameter as the filter rod, the consumer can only see the second cylindrically shaped section, whereas the first section comprises the tobacco product and therefore the colored section is hidden from the consumers view.
- At least one part of the filter segment is a filter rod having an inner volume, wherein at least one thread comprising the tobacco product is arranged in the inner volume of a first cylindrically shaped section of the filter rod, wherein the first cylindrically shaped section has the same diameter as the filter rod.
- the at least one thread comprising the tobacco product is preferably embedded in the material of the at least one part of the filter segment. It is also conceivable to use more than one thread in the at least one part of the filter segment. By increasing the number of threads comprising the tobacco product, the intensity of the flavor impact of the tobacco product in the aerosol can be adjusted.
- the thread comprising the tobacco product is preferably suitable for use with the much cooler aerosol of a heat-not-burn product in comparison to a conventional cigarette.
- the desired flavor is released from the tobacco product at temperatures below the temperature of the aerosol in the second flow path of the filter segment.
- the flavor of the tobacco product is non-volatile at room temperature. In this way, the flavor is only released during the use of the smoking article and does not diminish during storage of the smoking article before its actual use.
- a second cylindrically shaped section of the filter rod not comprising the thread and also having the same diameter as the filter rod is arranged between the first section, which comprises the thread, and a mouth end of the smoking article.
- the tobacco product will color the threads in a dark color.
- the ends of the threads may be visible at the end of the first section of the filter rod.
- This embodiment also reduces flavor loss of the tobacco product during storage (before the actual use of the smoking article) because the thread is entirely confined in the smoking article with the tobacco segment and/or the cooling segment on one side and the second cylindrically shaped section of the filter rod on the other side and the filter material of the first cylindrically shaped section surrounding the threads circumferentially.
- the objective of the invention is also reached by a method for manufacturing a smoking article, wherein a tobacco segment comprising tobacco or tobacco derived smokable material, a cooling segment comprising a first flow path and a filter segment comprising a second flow path are arranged in the given order subsequently on a longitudinal axis, and are at least in a part wrapped in a circumferential wrapper thereby forming a smoking article having a cylindrical shape with a longitudinal axis running through respective base areas of the smoking article being a distal end, at which a tobacco segment is arranged, and a mouth end, at which the filter segment is arranged, respectively, wherein the first flow path connects the tobacco segment with the filter segment and a second flow path connects the cooling segment with the mouth end.
- the method is characterized in that before arranging the filter segment next to the cooling segment, a tobacco product comprising tobacco particles having an average particle size of 30 micrometers and a dispersion medium for dispersing the tobacco particles is arranged in the filter segment.
- the tobacco product is arranged in the filter segment before the assembly of the smoking article. This may either be carried out during the production of the filter segment or after the production of the filter segment but before arranging the filter segment in the smoking article. In this way, the manufacturing method remains fully flexible whether a filter segment with or without the tobacco product is arranged in the smoking article. Also, standard manufacturing processes, preferably for heat-not-burn smoking articles, can be used to manufacture the smoking article according to this invention, as the additional processing step of arranging the tobacco product in the filter segment is carried out in a separate step. This enables the most cost-effective way of production of the smoking article according to the invention.
- At least one part of the filter segment comprises the shape of a hollow cylinder having an inner lateral area, wherein the tobacco product is arranged on at least a part of the inner lateral area by coating.
- the tobacco product is coated onto the inner lateral area during the manufacturing of the at least one part of the filter segment or after the manufacture of this part of the filter segment.
- the material of the one part of the filter segment is preferably laid out flat and the surface of the material, later becoming the inner lateral area, is coated with the tobacco product. Afterwards, the coated material is shaped into the shape of a hollow cylinder, wherein the area, coated at least in part with the tobacco product, forms the inner lateral area of the hollow cylinder.
- the one part of the filter segment comprising the shape of the hollow cylinder is firstly manufactured and secondly its inner lateral area is coated with the tobacco product.
- the filter segment before coating the inner lateral area with a tobacco product, is at least in part coated with a bonding agent.
- the bonding agent is arranged between the inner lateral area surface and the tobacco product. Again, this can be carried out during production of the filter segment itself or after the production of the filter segment but before assembly of the smoking article.
- the tobacco product in addition or in alternative to the bonding agent, it is also possible to arrange the tobacco product on an additional medium, preferably a paper, and then arrange the additional medium carrying the tobacco product on the inner lateral area of the hollow cylinder part of the filter segment.
- the tobacco product is coated onto the additional medium. This embodiment simplifies the arranging of the tobacco product on the inner lateral area of an already formed hollow cylinder part of the filter segment.
- the tobacco product is arranged on the filter material of at least a part of the filter segment by spraying, wherein the filter material is afterwards formed into the filter segment, which is subsequently arranged next to the cooling segment.
- the filter material is afterwards formed into the filter segment, which is subsequently arranged next to the cooling segment.
- the tobacco product is arranged on a thread, wherein the thread is then arranged on the filter material of at least a part of the filter segment which is afterwards formed into the filter segment which is subsequently arranged next to the cooling segment.
- the thread comprising the tobacco product is arranged on the filter material by winding the filter material around the thread.
- the filter material may be rolled around the thread. In this way, it is very easy to arrange the thread comprising the tobacco product in the filter material.
- the subsequent arranging of the filter segment next to the cooling segment is not affected by the method of arranging the thread in the filter segment. In this way, the arranging of the filter segment next to the cooling segment can be carried out with standard production machinery.
- the tobacco product is arranged on the thread by soaking the thread in the liquid tobacco product.
- the tobacco product according to the invention comprises a liquid form. This liquid form is generated by the dispersion medium for dispersing the tobacco particles comprised in the tobacco product.
- the tobacco product may dry on the respective surface.
- the dispersion medium preferably partially evaporates. In other words, this means that before the tobacco product according to this invention is applied to any surface of the smoking article, it comprises a higher amount of the dispersion medium than present in the finished smoking article.
- the tobacco product is arranged on the thread by spraying the liquid tobacco product onto the thread.
- This embodiment is an alternative to the previously described embodiment.
- the spraying technique the amount of tobacco product arranged on a specific length of the thread can be adapted according to product specifications.
- Fig. 1 a general view of the smoking article 1 ;
- Fig. 2 a detailed view of one embodiment of the filter segment 9;
- Fig. 3 a detailed view of another embodiment of the filter segment 9;
- Fig. 4 a detailed view of the hollow cylinder part 12 according to one embodiment
- Fig. 5 a sectional view of one embodiment of the hollow cylinder part 12;
- Fig. 6 a schematic view of three different embodiments of the filter segment 9;
- Fig. 7 a detailed view of two embodiments of the filter rod part 15 of the filter segment 9;
- FIG. 8 a schematic view of four different embodiments of the filter segment 9.
- Figure 1 shows a general view of the smoking article 1.
- the smoking article 1 as shown in figure 1, is a heat-not-burn product.
- the smoking article 1 comprises a cylindrical shape 2.
- the cylindrical shape 2 comprises two respective base areas 2a, 2b which are arranged perpendicular to a longitudinal axis L.
- the first segment 3 arranged directly at the distal end 1a of the smoking article 1 is the tobacco segment 5.
- a cooling segment 6 is arranged.
- a filter segment 9 is arranged between the cooling segment 6 and the mouth end 1b of the smoking article 1.
- All segments 3 are preferably wrapped in a wrapper 4. With the wrapper 4, the segments 3 are fixed in their respective position. It is conceivable that not all segments 3 are wrapped in the wrapper 4 with their complete lengths measured parallel to the longitudinal axis L. It is preferred, that a distal part of the tobacco segment 5 arranged at the distal end 1a of the smoking article 1 is not wrapped in the wrapper 4 and only a part of the tobacco segment 5 arranged downstream of the distal part is wrapped in the wrapper.
- the tobacco segment 5 comprises smokable material, preferably reconstituted tobacco.
- This smokable material is heated by an external heat source, preferably a heating blade which is inserted into the tobacco segment 5 from the distal end 1a.
- the smokable material comprises tobacco material and a suitable binder.
- the binder evaporates and picks up flavor substances and nicotine from the tobacco material comprised in the tobacco segment.
- the evaporated binder together with the flavoring material and the nicotine forms an inhalable aerosol.
- This inhalable aerosol is then guided along a first flow path 8 through the cooling segment 6.
- the first flow path 8 is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis L.
- the inhalable aerosol is cooled down to be safe to inhale for the consumer.
- the inhalable aerosol is guided along a second flow path 10 through the filter segment 9 towards the mouth end 1b of the smoking article 1.
- the filter segment 9 the inhalable aerosol is filtered to improve the taste of the inhalable aerosol.
- the inhalable aerosol is delivered to the consumer.
- the filter segment 9 comprises the tobacco product 11.
- the filter segment 9 serves two purposes.
- the first purpose is to filter any undesired flavor substances from the inhalable aerosol to improve the taste.
- the second purpose is to enhance the flavor of the inhalable aerosol via interaction with the tobacco product 11.
- the filter segment 9 comprises two different parts.
- the first part 12 comprises the shape of a hollow cylinder and is therefore referred to as the hollow cylinder part 12.
- This hollow cylinder part 12 is arranged directly adjacent to the cooling segment 6.
- the second part 15 comprises a filter rod and is therefore referred to as the filter rod part 15.
- the filter rod part 15 is arranged directly at the mouth end 1b of the smoking article 1 .
- the filter rod part 15 is arranged between the hollow cylinder part 12 and the mouth end 1b.
- the tobacco product 11 can either be arranged in the hollow cylinder part 12 and/or in the filter rod part 15.
- the tobacco product 11 is arranged in the hollow cylinder part 12.
- the hollow cylinder part 12 comprises a through-hole 14 having an inner lateral area 13.
- the tobacco product 11 is arranged on the inner lateral area 13 or at least on a part of the inner lateral area 13.
- the second flow path 10 is arranged in the through-hole 14. Therefore, the inhalable aerosol guided along the second flow path 10 is in direct contact with the inner lateral area 13 comprising the tobacco product 11.
- Figure 2 shows another embodiment of the filter segment 9.
- the tobacco product 11 is arranged in the filter rod part 15.
- the hollow cylinder part 12 does not comprise the tobacco product 11 but it is very well conceivable to combine a filter rod part 15 comprising the tobacco product 11 with a hollow cylinder part 12 also comprising the tobacco product 11.
- the hollow cylinder part 12 of the embodiment shown in figure 1 is combined with the filter rod part 15 of the embodiment shown in figure 2.
- the filter rod part 15 comprises the tobacco product 11 in its inner volume.
- the tobacco particles contained in the tobacco product 11 are distributed homogeneously in the inner volume of the filter rod part 15.
- the filter rod part 15 comprises a first cylindrically shaped section 15a and a second cylindrically shaped section 15b.
- the first cylindrically shaped section 15a is arranged directly at the hollow cylinder part 12 whereas the second cylindrically shaped section 15b is arranged between the first cylindrically shaped section 15a and the mouth end 1 b.
- both cylindrically shaped sections 15a, 15b comprise the same diameter d. This diameter d is preferably also the diameter of the filter segment.
- the first cylindrically shaped section 15a comprises the tobacco product 11
- the second cylindrically shaped section 15b does not comprise any tobacco product 11.
- the first cylindrically shaped section 15a comprising the tobacco product will have a dark, brownish color due to the tobacco comprised in the tobacco product 11.
- the second cylindrically shaped section 15b which does not comprise any tobacco product 11 , comprises no discoloration. This is advantageous as only the second cylindrically shaped section 15b is visible to the consumer from the mouth end 1 b and in this way hides the discolored first cylindrically shaped section 15a from the consumers view.
- FIG 3 shows an embodiment of the filter segment 9, which is alternative to the embodiment of the filter section 9 shown in figure 2.
- the tobacco product 11 is arranged in the first cylindrically shaped section 15a via threads 16.
- Each thread 16 is coated with the tobacco product 11 .
- the thread 16 comprising the tobacco product 11 is then incorporated in the inner volume of the first cylindrically shaped section 15a of the filter rod part 15.
- a second cylindrically shaped section 15b comprising no threads 16 is preferably arranged between the first cylindrically shaped section 15a and the mouth end 1 b. In this way the tobacco colored threads 16 are hidden from the consumer’s view.
- the threads 16 would be incorporated in the one cylindrically shaped section of the filter rod part 15.
- the threads 16 would be visible to the consumer from the mouth end.
- the threads 16 are arranged in a center region of the cylindrically shaped section or the first cylindrically shaped section (15a) of the filter rod part 15.
- the center region is defined as cylindrically shaped region having the same length as the (first) cylindrically shaped section (15a) along the longitudinal axis (L) and having a diameter equal to or smaller than the diameter of the through-hole 14 of the hollow cylinder part 12, wherein the center region is arranged concentric in the (first) cylindrically shaped section (15a) with regard to the circumference of the (first) cylindrically shaped section (15a).
- the aerosol streaming along the first and second flow paths (8, 10) and through the through-hole 14 of the hollow cylinder part 12 directly hits the threads 16 carrying the tobacco product 11.
- Figure 4 shows a detailed view of the hollow cylinder part 12 of the filter segment 9.
- Figure 4a shows a perspective view of the hollow cylinder part 12 whereas figure 4b shows a sec- tional view of the hollow cylinder part 12 sectioned along a sectional plane which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L.
- Figure 4c shows a sectional view of the hollow cylinder part 12 sectioned along a sectional plane parallel to the longitudinal direction L.
- the through-hole 14 of the hollow cylinder part 12 penetrates the hollow cylinder part 12 completely from a first end 12a of the hollow cylinder part 12 to a second end 12b of the hollow cylinder part.
- the second flow path 10 is arranged in the through-hole 14.
- the flow path 10 therefore connects the first end 12a of the hollow cylinder part 12 in a fluidic manner with the second end 12b.
- the hollow cylinder part 12 encloses the second flow path 10 like a tube.
- the inner lateral area 13 of the hollow cylinder part 12 is at least in part coated with the tobacco product 11. In this way, any inhalable aerosol moving along the second flow path 10 will be in direct contact with any tobacco product 11 deposited on at least a part of the inner lateral area 13.
- Figure 5 shows an enlarged portion of the sectional view shown in figure 4b.
- the inner lateral area 13 of the hollow cylinder part 12 is clearly visible.
- the tobacco product 11 is deposited.
- a bonding agent 18 is arranged between the tobacco product 11 and the inner lateral area 13. This means that first the bonding agent 18 is deposited on the desired part of the inner lateral area 13 or the whole inner lateral area 13 and subsequently the tobacco product 11 is deposited on top of the bonding agent 18.
- the second flow path 10 penetrates the paper plane of figure 5. Any aerosol streaming along the second flow path 10 will be in direct contact with the tobacco product 11 . Any inhalable aerosol streaming along the second flow path 10 will therefore be able to pick up flavor from the tobacco product 11 via direct interaction.
- Figure 6 shows a detailed view of the filter rod part 15 according to two different embodiments respectively shown in figures 6a and 6b.
- Figure 6a shows the filter rod part 15 similar to the previously described embodiment of figure 2.
- the tobacco product 11 is homogenously distributed in the filter material 17 of the filter rod part 15.
- the shown filter rod can either be used as the complete filter rod part 15 or can be used only as the first cylindrically shaped section 15a of the filter rod part 15. In the latter case, another filter rod, i.e. the second cylindrically shaped section 15b, would be added at one base area of the shown first cylindrically shaped section 15a.
- Figure 6b shows an embodiment similar to the one shown in figure 3.
- the shown filter rod is either the complete filter rod part 15 or only the first cylindrically shaped section 15a. It consists of a filter material 17 in which threads 16, which comprise the tobacco product 11 , are embedded. The number of threads 16 embedded in the filter material 17 can be chosen regarding the desired taste impact of the tobacco product 11 on the inhalable aerosol.
- the inhalable aerosol will stream through the filter rod part 15 or the first cylindrically shaped section 15a along the second flow path 10.
- the filter material 17 is therefore a porous material, which allows the passage of an aerosol.
- the inhalable aerosol will get in contact with either the homogeneously distributed tobacco product 11 or with the threads 16 comprising the tobacco product.
- direct interaction between the aerosol streaming along the second flow path 10 and the tobacco product 11 will be possible. In this way, the aerosol can pick up flavor from the tobacco product 11.
- Figure 7 shows the three underlying arrangement possibilities for the different parts of the filter segment 9.
- Figure 7a shows the simplest arrangement.
- the filter segment 9 comprises only a hollow cylinder part 12 and filter rod part 15.
- the hollow cylinder part 12 is arranged directly with its first end 12a at an upstream end 9a of the filter segment 9.
- Upstream means in this context that with reference to the second flow path 10 and its flow direction from the distal end 1a to the mouth end of the smoking article 1 , an upstream position is closer to the distal end than a reference position.
- the filter rod part 15 is arranged at the second end 12b of the hollow cylinder part 12.
- the filter rod part 15 is arranged directly adjacent to the hollow cylinder part 12.
- the filter rod part 15 is arranged down-stream of the hollow cylinder part 12.
- the filter rod part 15 is therefore arranged between the mouth end 1 b and the second end 12b of the hollow cylinder part 12.
- the overall length 11 of the filter segment 9 measured along the longitudinal direction I is preferably 20mm.
- the length I2 of the hollow cylinder part 12 measured along the longitudinal direction L is larger than the length I3 of the filter rod part 15 also measured along the longitudinal direction L.
- the length I2 is 10 to 15mm, even more preferred 12mm.
- the length I3 is 5 to 10mm, even more preferred 8mm.
- the tobacco product can either be arranged in the hollow cylinder part 12 or in the filter rod part 15 or in both of them.
- both parts 12, 15 are preferably wrapped in a joint plug-wrap 20.
- the plug wrap 20 is a wrapper wrapped circumferentially around the hollow cylinder part 12 and the filter rod part 15.
- Figure 7b shows an embodiment in which the filter rod part 15 consists of two different cylindrically shaped sections.
- the filter rod part 15, in this case, consists of a first cylindrically shaped section 15a and a second cylindrically shaped section 15b.
- the second cylindrically shaped section 15b is arranged directly at the mouth end 1b of the smoking article 1
- the first cylindrically shaped section 15a is arranged between the hollow cylinder part 12 and the second cylindrically shaped section 15b on the longitudinal axis L. It is preferred that all three components of the filter segment 9 are wrapped together in a plug wrap 20.
- the length 11 of the filter segment 9 is preferably 20mm.
- the preferred length L2 of the hollow cylinder part 12 measured along the longitudinal axis L is preferably 10 to 15mm, even more preferred 12mm.
- the length I3 of the filter rod part 15 is 5 to 10mm, even more preferred 8mm.
- a length I5 of the second cylindrically shaped section 15b measured along the longitudinal axis L is preferably 1 to 2mm, more preferred 1mm.
- the length I4 of the first cylindrically shaped section 15a measured along the longitudinal axis L is preferably 4 to 9mm, more preferred 7mm.
- the tobacco product 11 is either arranged only in the first cylindrically shaped section 15a or arranged in the first cylindrically shaped section 15a and the hollow cylinder part 12.
- Figure 7c shows a third embodiment of the filter segment 9.
- the length I2 of the hollow cylinder part 12 is reduced.
- a charcoal filter 19 is arranged between the hollow cylinder part 12, more precisely its second end 12b, and the filter rod part 15, a charcoal filter 19 is arranged.
- the charcoal filter 19 comprises a length I6 measured along the longitudinal axis L of preferably a 6 to 8mm, more preferred 7mm.
- the length I2, which is in this case reduced, is preferably 5 to 7mm, more preferred 6mm.
- the length I3 of the filter rod part 15 is preferably 6 to 8mm, more preferred 7mm.
- the figure 7c shows a filter rod part 15 consisting of a first cylindrically shaped section 15a and a second cylindrically shaped section 15b. It is also conceivable that the charcoal filter is combined with a filter rod part 15 comprising only one section.
- the length I4 of the first cylindrically shaped section 15b is preferably 6mm and the length I5 of the second cylindrically shaped section 15b is preferably 1 mm.
- the tobacco product 11 is arranged downstream of the charcoal filter 19. This arrangement is preferred, as the charcoal filter 19 is able to remove any harsh flavors from the aerosol travelling along the second flow path 10.
- the aerosol can then interact with the tobacco product 11 arranged in the filter rod part 15 and thereby pick up a more pleasing flavor from the tobacco particles.
- all parts of the filter segment 9 i.e. the hollow cylinder part 12, the charcoal filter 19 and the filter rod part 15, are wrapped together in a plug wrap 20.
- This embodiment comprising the charcoal filter 19 is preferably combined with the homogenously distributed tobacco product in the filter rod part 15 or the first cylindrically shaped section 15a shown in figure 6a or combined with the threads 16 arranged in the filter rod part 15 or the first cylindrically shaped section 15a shown in figure 6b.
- Figure 8 shows a flow chart of the method for manufacturing a smoking article 1 according to any of the previously described embodiments.
- the tobacco product 11 is arranged 100 in the filter segment 9.
- This arranging 100 can be done in several ways which will be described in full detail in the following.
- all segments 3, i.e. the tobacco segment 5, the cooling segment 6 and the filter segment 9 are arranged 110 on the longitudinal axis L.
- This step is followed by wrapping 120 the arranged segments 3 in a wrapper 4. At this point, the smoking article 1 is finished.
- the arranging 100 of the tobacco product 11 in the filter segment 9 can be carried out in basically three different embodiments of the method.
- the chosen embodiment depends on the desired arrangement of the tobacco product 11 in the filter segment 9.
- the tobacco product 11 is arranged in the filter segment 9 by coating 102 the filter segment 9 with the tobacco product 11.
- this embodiment of the method is combined with an embodiment of the smoking article 1 , in which the tobacco product 11 is arranged in the inner lateral area 13 of the hollow cylinder part 12 of the filter segment 9.
- the coating 102 can either be carried out by coating the inner lateral area 13 of the hollow cylinder part 12 after the hollow cylinder part 12 has been manufactured.
- the tobacco product 11 can be arranged in the filter segment 9 by spraying 103 the tobacco product 11 onto the filter material 17 before forming the filter rod part 15 and eventually also the hollow cylinder part 12 from the filter material 17.
- the filter material 17 is coated or pretreated 101 with a bonding agent 18.
- the coating 101 with a bonding agent 18 is an optional step.
- the tobacco product 11 in the filter segment 9 it is also possible to arrange 107 threads 16 comprising the tobacco product 11 in the filter material 17 before the filter segment 9 is formed 104.
- the tobacco product 11 is arranged on the thread 16 either by soaking 105 the thread 16 with the tobacco product 11 or by spraying 106 the thread 16 with a tobacco product 11. Both alternatives, soaking 105 and spraying 106, may be preceded by coating 101 the thread 16 with a bonding agent 18.
- All of the described methods to arrange 100 the tobacco product 11 in the filter segment 9 may be carried out separately or in combination.
- the individual parts of the filter segment 9, i.e. the hollow cylinder part 12, the filter rod part 15, preferably comprising a first and second cylindrically shaped section 15a, 15b, and preferably a charcoal filter 19, are arranged 108 in the order described in the previous embodiments along the longitudinal axis L.
- the filter parts are preferably wrapped 109 in a plug wrap 20.
- the filter segment 9 is arranged 110 together with the other segments 3 sequentially along the longitudinal axis L to be subsequently wrapped 120 by the wrapper 4.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un article à fumer (1) comprenant une forme cylindrique (2) ayant un axe longitudinal (L) s'étendant dans les zones de base respectives (2a, 2b) d'une extrémité distale (1a) et d'une extrémité buccale (1b) de l'article à fumer (1), l'article à fumer (1) comprenant les segments suivants (3), lesquels sont disposés par la suite dans l'ordre suivant de l'extrémité distale à l'extrémité buccale (1a, 1b), et sont au moins en partie enveloppés dans une enveloppe circonférentielle (4) : a. un segment de tabac (5) comprenant du tabac ou une substance à fumer dérivée du tabac, b. un segment de refroidissement (6) ayant une première voie d'écoulement (8) du segment de tabac (6) à un segment de filtre (9), c. le segment de filtre (9) comprenant une seconde voie d'écoulement (10) du segment de refroidissement (6) à l'extrémité buccale (1b). L'invention est caractérisée en ce que le segment de filtre (9) comprend un produit de tabac (11) comprenant des particules de tabac ayant une taille moyenne de particule de 30 µm et un milieu de dispersion pour disperser les particules de tabac. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d'un article à fumer.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20202049 | 2020-10-15 | ||
PCT/EP2021/078600 WO2022079234A1 (fr) | 2020-10-15 | 2021-10-15 | Article à fumer et procédé de fabrication d'un article à fumer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4228448A1 true EP4228448A1 (fr) | 2023-08-23 |
Family
ID=73029808
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21794352.1A Pending EP4228448A1 (fr) | 2020-10-15 | 2021-10-15 | Article à fumer et procédé de fabrication d'un article à fumer |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230404142A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4228448A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2023545914A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20230085914A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN116322381A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022079234A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2024115650A1 (fr) * | 2022-12-01 | 2024-06-06 | Jt International Sa | Article de génération d'aérosol à fines particules de tabac et élément de refroidissement et procédé de fabrication d'article de génération d'aérosol |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2948282A (en) * | 1954-06-28 | 1960-08-09 | Eastman Kodak Co | Fibrous tobacco smoke filter elements |
US20070000505A1 (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2007-01-04 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Smoking article with tobacco beads |
GB0816937D0 (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2008-10-22 | British American Tobacco Co | Filter for a Smoking Article |
GB201817548D0 (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2018-12-12 | Nerudia Ltd | Smoking substitute consumable |
-
2021
- 2021-10-15 CN CN202180071052.6A patent/CN116322381A/zh active Pending
- 2021-10-15 KR KR1020237013658A patent/KR20230085914A/ko active Search and Examination
- 2021-10-15 EP EP21794352.1A patent/EP4228448A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-10-15 WO PCT/EP2021/078600 patent/WO2022079234A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2021-10-15 US US18/031,287 patent/US20230404142A1/en active Pending
- 2021-10-15 JP JP2023517358A patent/JP2023545914A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20230085914A (ko) | 2023-06-14 |
CN116322381A (zh) | 2023-06-23 |
US20230404142A1 (en) | 2023-12-21 |
WO2022079234A1 (fr) | 2022-04-21 |
JP2023545914A (ja) | 2023-11-01 |
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