EP4223550A1 - Security feature for valuable documents and valuable document having security feature - Google Patents

Abstract

Security feature (1) for a value document (10). The security feature comprises a field (2) arranged in a main plane (E) of the security feature, with e.g (SE), in a first tilt angle range, and from a movement motif (5) in a second tilt angle range (Δα₂). The second tilting angle range (Δα₂) overlaps at least partially, in an overlapping range (Ü), with the first tilting angle range (Δα₁). The movement motif (5) at least partially overlaps the floating motif (4) and has a motif structure (6) with interruptions (8), and/or its second tilt angle range (Δα₂) is smaller than the first tilt angle range (Δα₁) of the floating motif (4). The elements of the field can be nested with each other.

Description

The invention relates to a security feature for a document of value and document of value with a security feature.

background

Security features that show movement effects by means of microreflectors are known in the prior art. This gives the viewer the impression of a moving motif. The pamphlets WO 2015/078572 A1 and WO 2016/180522 A1 show such movement effects using microreflectors. A security feature has microreflectors or microlenses that form a microstructure array. In this case, the planar security feature comprises a multiplicity of pixels, each with at least one or one of the microreflectors or microlenses. The security feature has an area and defines a main plane with this area. The microreflectors or microlenses are arranged opposite the main plane in such a way that the motif has a movement effect when the security element is tilted and/or rotated.

Summary of the Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a security feature with increased security.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a security feature with a high degree of security against forgery.

A further object is that the perceptibility of the security feature is increased for a viewer and/or the verifiability is improved; in particular, the recognizable effect of the security feature should appear particularly concise for the viewer.

At least one of these objects is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims.

The dependent claims describe preferred developments of the invention.

• ein in einer Hauptebene des Sicherheitsmerkmals angeordnetes Feld, das eingerichtet ist zum Darstellen von
  • einem Schwebemotiv, das für den Betrachter außerhalb der Hauptebene zu liegen scheint, und das für den Betrachter mit einem Verkippen der Hauptebene um mindestens eine erste Hauptebenen-Achse in einem ersten Kippwinkelbereich erzeugt wird, und
  • einem Bewegungsmotiv, wobei für den Betrachter der Eindruck eines in der Hauptebene oder parallel zur Hauptebene verlaufenden Bewegungseffektes mit dem Verkippen der Hauptebene um die mindestens eine erste Hauptebenen-Achse in einem zweiten Kippwinkelbereich erzeugt wird; und
• wobei der zweite Kippwinkelbereich sich zumindest teilweise, in einem Überschneidungsbereich, mit dem ersten Kippwinkelbereich überschneidet.

In the present case, a security feature for a document of value includes:

• a field arranged in a main level of the security feature, which is set up to represent
  • a floating motif which appears to lie outside the main plane for the viewer and which is generated for the viewer with a tilting of the main plane about at least a first main plane axis in a first tilting angle range, and
  • a movement motif, the impression of a movement effect running in the main plane or parallel to the main plane being produced for the viewer with the tilting of the main plane about the at least one first main plane axis in a second tilting angle range; and
• wherein the second tilting angle range at least partially overlaps with the first tilting angle range in an overlapping area.

The movement motif has its second tilt angle range, which is smaller than that
first tilt angle range of the levitation subject; and/or the movement motif at least partially overlaps the floating motif and has a motif structure with interruptions.

The two properties of the movement motif, individually or together, enable improved testability of the security feature with a high level of security. The floating motif and the movement motif remain clearly and realistically visible to the viewer, even if they overlap. The higher-lying motif (floating or moving motif) does not have to cover the lower-lying motif in the overlapping area in order to give a real impression. In addition, both motifs can be perceived better simultaneously in the overlapping area than would be possible without interruptions. The larger first range of tilt angles increases the testability, since the motif that is more difficult to perceive, the floating motif, is visible in a larger range of tilt angles. This applies in particular if the movement motif at least partially overlaps the floating motif in an overlapping tilt angle area.

The first tilt angle range preferably includes a non-overlapping range in which the movement motif is not visible to the observer or is visible without the movement effect, in particular not overlapping with the floating motif. In the non-overlapping area, only the floating motif is visible or an unmoved movement motif - only moving in the second tilting angle range - is visible, the is also preferably not arranged overlapping. The viewer can thus see the floating motif undisturbed by the movement or the moving motif. Once aware of the floating subject, it is easier for the viewer to perceive the floating subject despite movement of the moving subject and/or overlapping with the moving subject. This applies in particular even if he unintentionally varies the tilt angle (minimal movements of the hand or document of value).

The first tilt angle range can be within 10° to 170°, in particular within between 20° to 160° and preferably within 30° to 150°, i.e. only for example 30° to 80°, 40° to 140° or 90° to be 150°. The first tilt angle range can include 90° as the tilt angle. The second tilting angle range preferably comprises 90°. The second tilt angle range can be within 45° to 135°, in particular within 55° to 125° and preferably within 65° to 115°. The first range of tilt angles may (in these cases) include the second range of tilt angles. Alternatively, the first tilt angle range can intersect the second tilt angle range, with the two tilt angle ranges not completely overlapping, that is to say the first tilt angle range does not completely encompass the second tilt angle range. In the present case, the term area is used for tilt angles (e.g. overlapping area, overlapping area, ...) as far as possible and the term area (such as overlapping or non-overlapping areas of the area of the motif area) is used for motifs. The areas mentioned are therefore in particular angle areas (intersection (angle) area, overlap (angle) area or non-...(angle) area).

The motif structure with interruptions in the movement motif is preferably chosen in such a way that the visibility of the floating motif is supported for the viewer.

The floating motif hovering under the moving motif for the viewer can be displayed at least partially as a floating motif visible to the viewer through the interruptions in the motif structure of the moving motif, particularly in an overlapping (angle) area. The movement motif therefore does not cover the floating motif, rather the floating motif remains visible with interruptions behind the movement motif. In the overlapping (angle) area, overlapping areas of the floating motif lie within the interruptions in the motif structure of the moving motif. The viewer perceives the floating motif realistically in the interruptions. Optionally, (preferably linear) parts of the floating motif that overlap with structural elements of the motif structure are not displayed for the viewer. From the overlapping surface of the floating motif, only the surface parts of the floating motif, which are arranged in the interruptions in the motif structure, are presented to the viewer. The parts of the floating motif that overlap with the structural elements are not displayed in order to save the microstructures required for the display, such as pairs of micromirrors, in the field. In addition, these overlapping parts would not be recognizable as a floating motif for the viewer anyway.

Another embodiment that can be presented realistically relates to a floating motif that appears semi-transparent. The floating motif can hover over the moving motif in the overlapping area and the moving motif with its motif structure is presented to the viewer under the floating motif, which appears semi-transparent. The floating motif is recognizable (or the recognisability of the floating motif is not disturbed by the moving motif) in the areas of the floating motif that overlap with the interruptions in the motif structure. In particular, since the movement motif lies behind the floating motif for the viewer and the motif structure of the moving motif, namely the structural elements of the motif structure, is visible to the viewer, the floating motif appears semi-transparent.

The movement motif and/or the floating motif can include surface areas that do not overlap at any tilt angle of the overlapping area. A surface portion of both motifs preferably does not overlap at any of the tilt angles of the overlapping area. Alternatively, only the movement motif can have a surface area that is not arranged to overlap at any of the tilt angles of the overlapping area. In addition, the floating motif or alternatively one of the two motifs can completely overlap with the other at least at one of the tilting angles of the overlapping area (or the overlapping area).

The overlapping area can include an overlapping area, in which the moving motif at least partially overlaps with the floating motif, and/or a non-overlapping area, in which the moving motif does not overlap with the floating motif.

The motif structure of the movement motif comprises structural elements and interruptions, with the structural elements being arranged in particular along a motif contour and/or in the motif area of the movement motif. The structural elements are preferably linear structural elements. So you have a small area. The structural elements or the interruptions are advantageously recognizable to the viewer, in particular recognizable as submotives. A break in the motive structure can serve: a break, which is arranged in a structural element (structural interior), an interruption which is arranged between structural elements (structure gap), an interruption which is arranged within the motif area of the movement motif and is surrounded by structural elements (motif interior) or only on two or three sides by structural elements is limited (subject interruption). An interruption of the structural elements otherwise regularly arranged along a motif contour can be referred to as a contour interruption.

The structural elements and/or the interruptions are arranged regularly, approximately regularly, approximately irregularly or irregularly in the motif area, possibly its partial areas, and/or along the motif contour. The structural elements can each be arranged with or without a structural gap (at a distance from one another or without a gap). A regular arrangement on the surface is, in particular, an arrangement in a two-dimensional regular pattern, with or without a structural gap, or regularly next to one another along the motif contour. An approximately regular arrangement would be, for example, an arrangement in a one-dimensional regular pattern (regular in the first direction), with the arrangement being irregular in the second direction. An approximately irregular arrangement would be, for example, an irregular arrangement that repeats itself, for example in partial areas or after n structural elements in each case. In an irregular arrangement of structural elements (in a surface or along the contour), the structural elements are distributed but arranged without a pattern or quasi-randomly or with no recognizable rule.

The motif structure of the movement motif with its structural elements, in particular linear and/or sub-motif-like, and the interruptions is particularly preferably selected in such a way that the surface area of the interrupted areas is more than 67% of the motif area, more preferably more than 80% of the motif area and even more preferably more than 85% or even 90% of the motif area. The area proportion of the structural elements is therefore significantly smaller than the area proportion of the interruptions (generally at least 1-2% and/or correspondingly less than or equal to 33%, 20%, 15% and 10%, respectively).

The movement or the movement effect of the movement motif or the impression of the movement effect running in the main plane with the tilting of the main plane about the at least one first main plane axis in a second tilting angle range can, for example, be in a direction perpendicular (or parallel) to the first main plane axis or to the first tilting axis.

The floating motif preferably shows not only the floating effect, but also a shifting effect. The floating motif is presented to the viewer with a shift in perspective. When the main plane is tilted about the first main plane axis, and preferably also when tilted about at least one second main plane axis, the floating motif is represented with a displacement parallel to the main plane. The shift is preferably proportional to the levitation height of the levitation subject. The floating motif is shifted in particular parallel to the main plane and is preferably carried out in a direction perpendicular to the first main plane axis or to the first tilting axis. Alternatively, the displacement could also take place parallel or at a different angle relative to the first main plane axis, but this would then not correspond to the perspective displacement desired in the present case.

The movement effect of the movement motif can take place at least partially in parallel or at least partially in the opposite direction to the displacement effect of the floating motif. The movement effect can also be parallel or at a different angle relative to the first principal plane axis.

The fact that the floating motif lies in front of or behind the main plane, that is to say appears to be floating, and can be shifted by tilting around a first and/or second main plane axis, increases the floating impression. In particular, the viewer's impression that the moving subject, which is moving in a different plane than the floating subject, is moving over the floating subject or under the floating subject, can thus be reinforced.

The main level is spanned by two vectors of an area of the security feature and/or the document of value and/or a substrate of the security feature. The security feature is preferably flat and can be part of an object to be secured, for example a banknote, or it can be part of the substrate that is arranged on the object to be secured. The first principal plane axis is a tilt axis lying in the principal plane. There may also be a second principal plane axis that is a tilting axis that lies in the principal plane and is not identical or parallel to the first principal plane axis. In particular, the main level can also be the level in which the movement motif appears to be moving. In this case, the floating subject is below (or above) the main plane. For the observer, the floating motif is at least partially offset in a direction perpendicular to the main plane, ie along the perpendicular of the main plane, with respect to the main plane. The floating subject appears the viewer as an object or motif that seems to float in a three-dimensional space.

In simple configurations, the floating motif, as a two-dimensional or planar motif, is arranged in only one plane (above or below the main plane) according to its floating height. When the security feature is tilted, the floating motif is then displayed shifted overall by a uniform shifting range width. However, the floating motif can also be a plastic or three-dimensional motif. The three-dimensional floating motif floats at a basic floating height (preferably determined as a minimum distance), with different floating motif components or image points of the floating motif being displayed to the viewer at different floating heights. The different parts of the floating motif or pixels of the floating motif can then be displayed with different degrees of displacement according to their floating height. In addition to the floating effect, the viewer also gets the impression of a perspective tilting of the floating motif. The floating motif with floating and shifting effect is thus both particularly realistic and particularly difficult to forge.

The field arranged in the main plane can have a microstructure field, which can preferably comprise a microreflector field, wherein the microreflector field can more preferably have a plurality of micropixels, each with a plurality of microreflectors. Alternatively or additionally, the microstructure field can have microlenses or microrefractors. A micropixel can be a pixel for imaging the floating subject and simultaneously for imaging the moving subject. A micropixel can be designed as a matrix of n×n microreflectors and/or microlenses and/or microrefractors. The matrix can be, for example, a 2 x 2, a 3 x 3, a 4 x 4, a 5 x 5 or a 6 x 6 matrix. The microstructures, ie microreflectors and/or microlenses and/or microrefractors, can be referred to as facets. These respective facets are particularly useful for creating the desired floating, shifting, and moving effects.

The planar microstructure field can be present both in the main plane of a foil element and in the main plane of a printing element and/or on a substrate. A foil element is, for example, a security thread, security strip or security patch, in which the planar microstructure field with the facets is embossed in an embossing lacquer layer and is provided with a reflection-increasing coating. The facets preferably have maximum dimensions of less than about 100 μm and especially preferably less than about 20 microns. However, the facets are advantageously larger than about 3 μm, preferably larger than 5 μm. The facets can be arranged regularly, for example in the form of a sawtooth grating, or irregularly.

In a print element, for example on a bank note, the facets can be produced by embossing in a reflective background, such as a screen printing ink, a metallic-looking printing ink with platelet-shaped reflective pigments, an optically variable ink or the like. Embossing or blind embossing in intaglio printing is also an option. In the case of printing elements, the dimensions of the facets are preferably between 20 μm and 300 μm, particularly preferably between 50 μm and 200 μm.

The plurality of micro-reflectors of at least a portion of the plurality of micro-pixels may comprise levitation-subject reflectors, wherein the appearance that the levitation-subject is out of the main plane can be created by the levitation-subject reflectors of a micro-pixel forming at least one micro-reflector pair and appropriate tilt angles with respect to the main plane, so that a pair of microreflectors produces a pixel lying outside the main plane.

The impression of a floating motif protruding from the main plane can be created by means of the observer's stereo vision and a large number of microreflector pairs, each of which comprises two floating motif reflectors. Stepping out is to be understood as a static impression in which the floating motif shows a shift compared to tilting and, in particular, appears in perspective as a floating motif. The floating motif preferably appears as a floating motif facing towards or away from the viewer above or below the main plane. The motif can also appear as a vault motif, i.e. as a motif with a curvature. This feature also increases the attractiveness and, above all, makes a security feature difficult to counterfeit and concise.

The impression of a displacement of the floating motif parallel to the main plane can include or represent an impression of a perspective tilting of the floating motif and arise from the fact that pixels, which are generated by microreflector pairs of at least some of the plurality of micropixels at different positions in the microstructure field, with shift the tilting of the main plane about the at least one first main plane axis in the first tilting angle range by displacement ranges of different sizes. The displacement of the floating subject or displacement effect can therefore be the effect of an apparent perspective tilting of the floating motif. This effect is, for example, in the disclosure DE 10 2018 008 146 A1 described. Explicit reference is made here to the content of this disclosure document.

The different displacement ranges, which are displayed during tilting, create the impression that the viewer sees the floating subject from different perspectives, in particular realistically according to the tilting angle. Therefore, the floating motif appears to the observer preferably in three-dimensional perspective, preferably as if he were looking at it from the corresponding tilt angle. The perspective view of the motif also increases the attractiveness, makes the security feature appear concise and, above all, makes it difficult to counterfeit.

The plurality of microreflectors of at least some of the plurality of micropixels can have movement motif reflectors, whereby the impression of the movement effect running parallel to the main plane or in the main plane can arise for the viewer in that the movement motif reflectors of micropixels at different positions in the microstructure field have different angles of inclination with respect to the main plane, so that the movement motif is generated at different positions in the microstructure field at different tilt angles in the second tilt angle range.

The direction of movement of the movement motif is parallel to the main plane or lies in the main plane, i.e. in one plane. The direction of movement of the movement motif can run perpendicularly to the first main plane axis, which lies in the main plane. Alternatively, the direction of movement can also run in a different direction, for example parallel or at 45° to the first main plane axis.

Hovering subject reflectors and moving subject reflectors may be interleaved, particularly regularly interleaved, and preferably alternately interleaved, in at least a portion of the plurality of micropixels. The facets that partially depict the floating motif in a micropixel, ie floating motif reflectors, and the facets that partially depict the moving motif in the micropixel, ie moving motif reflectors, are thus nested and in particular ordered and preferably nested alternately. A facet of the floating motif therefore preferably has a facet of the moving motif as a direct neighbor.

The angle of inclination of the moving motif reflectors relative to the main plane is less than 24 degrees, preferably less than 18 degrees. At least some hover-motive reflectors have a tilt angle that is greater than 25 degrees.

Suitable angles of inclination of the reflector surfaces of the moving motif reflectors and the floating motif reflectors relative to the main plane can be suitably predetermined in which tilt angle range the moving motif and/or the floating motif appears to the viewer.

The field arranged in the main plane can also be set up to create the impression of a displacement of the floating motif parallel to the main plane with a tilting of the main plane about at least a second main plane axis in a third tilting angle range.

The tilting of the principal plane about the first principal plane axis can be a north-south tilt (with respect to the viewer's position, top-front, bottom-back; top-back, bottom-front) and the tilting about the second principal-plane axis can be an east-west tilt (relative to the viewer's position, right-front, left-back; left-back, right-front). The floating motif and its displacement can therefore appear to the viewer in both directions, ie when tilted around both main axes. The tilt angle ranges, ie the first and third tilt angle ranges, do not necessarily have to be identical. The first main plane axis and the second main plane axis do not necessarily have to be perpendicular to each other. The displacement effect can take place in different directions. For example, the floating motif can be shifted “downwards”, i.e. in the south direction, if the main plane is tilted about the first main plane axis in such a way that a top-back-bottom-front tilting, i.e. from south to north tilting, takes place. The floating motif can then be shifted "upwards", i.e. in the north direction, if the main plane is tilted about the first main plane axis in such a way that a top-front-bottom-back tilting, i.e. from north to south tilting, takes place . For example, the floating motif can be shifted to the "right", i.e. in the east direction, if the main plane is tilted about the second main plane axis in such a way that a left-back-right-front tilt (tilting movement from east to west) takes place. The floating motif can then be shifted to the "left", i.e. in the west direction, if the main plane is tilted about the second main plane axis in such a way that a left-front-right-back tilt (tilting movement from west to east) takes place. Generally, the east direction or east side means the direction or side to the right of the viewer lies when he looks at the main plane. By west direction or west side is meant the direction or side to the left of the viewer looking at the main plane. By north direction or north side is meant the direction or side that is up for the viewer when looking at the main plane. By the south direction or south side is meant the direction or side that is down for the viewer when looking at the main plane.

The floating motif can also be shifted in the main plane at an angle other than 90° to the first and/or second main plane axis. A change of direction can also take place during the course of the tilting.

According to one aspect, a security element (which can be transferred to a document of value with or without its own substrate (security patch or strip) or can be introduced into a document of value (security thread)) for a document of value or a document of value has one of the security features described herein. All the advantages that are mentioned for the security features mentioned also apply to the corresponding document of value or security element, which becomes particularly counterfeit-proof due to the corresponding security feature.

Brief description of the drawings

• 1 Fig. 12 is a schematic representation of views of a displacement effect floating motif and a motion effect moving motif at different tilt angles while tilting about a principal plane axis in the west-east direction;
• 2 Fig. 12 is a schematic representation of views of a floating spatial displacement effect motif and a motion effect motion motif at different tilt angles while tilting about a principal plane axis in the west-east direction;
• 3 Fig. 12 is a schematic representation of a floating spatial displacement effect motif and a motion effect motion motif during tilting about a principal plane axis in the south-north direction;
• Figures 4a and 4b are schematic representations of a microstructure field with micropixels comprising a plurality of microreflectors, each in plan view ( Figure 4a ) and in side view ( Figure 4b ) along the cutting axis AA`;
• figure 5 is a schematic representation of a document of value with a security feature;
• 6 Fig. 12 is a schematic representation of the first and second tilt angle ranges; and
• Figures 7a and 7b are schematic representations of the view of a document of value with a security feature in a tilted situation.

Detailed description of the drawings

Unless otherwise noted, the same reference numbers are used below for the same elements and those with the same effect. A redundant description of recurring features is avoided. The various embodiments and features of the figures described below can be expressly combined and are not to be understood as complete versions.

figure 5 is a schematic representation of a document of value 10 with a security feature 1 with a main plane E and the field 2 in the main plane E. The field 2 generates a floating motif with a floating effect and a moving motif with a moving effect for the viewer depending on the tilt angle. When the document of value 10 is tilted about the axis 3 of the main plane, the viewer sees corresponding effects of a perspective displacement of the floating motif and a movement of the moving motif.

The security feature 1 can be produced directly on the substrate of the document of value 10 . However, the security feature 1 is preferably a security element which can be introduced into the value document 10 (for example as a security thread) or applied to the value document (for example as a security patch or strip). The security element (with or without its own substrate) can optionally be (detached) from a transfer substrate and transferred to the target substrate.

Figure 7a is a schematic representation of the view of a viewer B or the eyes of a viewer B at a point of view P on the main plane E of the field 2 of a value document 10 with a security feature 1. The visual axis 11 between the viewer B and a point P in the field 2 in the main plane E encloses the tilting angle α _b with the main plane E, which changes in each case with the tilting about the main plane axis or tilting axis 3 . α _a is the opposite or complement angle of the tilt angle. The sum from α _a and α _b is 180°. In a vertical view, both angles are the same and the tilting angle is 90°.

In Figure 7a the main plane E is tilted away from the viewer B to the north side N and towards the viewer B to the south side S. This in Figure 7a indicated perpendicular L of the main plane E, is perpendicular to the main plane E.

Figure 7b is also a schematic representation of the view of a viewer B or the eyes of a viewer B at a point of view P on the main plane E of the field 2 of a document of value 10 with a security feature 1. In contrast to Figure 7a the principal plane E is tilted from West W to East O with respect to the viewer B. So the main level E becomes in Figure 7b tilted about a different main plane axis 3 than in the Figure 7a . The viewing axis 11 between the viewer B and a point P in the field 2 in the main plane E encloses the tilt angle α _b with the main plane E. The dashed line indicates the tilting situation in which α _a and α _b are each 90° and the line of sight 11 corresponds to the perpendicular L.

For example, the main plane axis 3 can be the Figure 7b around a first main plane axis 3 and at the main plane axis 3 of Figure 7a act around a second principal plane axis 3 . The situation in Figure 7b is indicated corresponds to the views of Fig. 1a-f and 2a-f .

1 is a schematic representation of views a to f of a floating motif 4 and a moving motif 5 of a security feature. The security feature is tilted about a main plane axis 3, which lies in the main plane of the security feature. 1 shows the six views af ( 1a-1f ) for different tilting angles α _b between 90° and 115° (or opposite angles α _a between 90° and 65°) during tilting in 5° increments about the main plane axis 3 in west-east direction WO. In this case, the tilt angle α _b is the respective angle that is enclosed between the main plane E and the visual axis 11, ie the axis between a point on the field 2 and the eyes of the viewer B.

The tilting takes place in such a way that the right side of the security feature tilts or is moved backwards, ie away from the viewer, and the left side tilts or is moved forwards, ie towards the viewer. The tilt angle α _b of the visual axis 11 with the main plane E is therefore to the east side, ie to the right side larger in this tilting and the opposite angle α _{a of} the visual axis 11 with the main plane E is therefore to west side, i.e. smaller to the left side with this tilting, as in Figure 7b is indicated.

In this example, the floating motif 4 floats for the observer below the main level of the security feature. In addition, the per se unmoved (or static) but hovering motif 4 is shown shifted in perspective for the viewer depending on the tilt angle. Since the floating motif 4 floats below the main plane for the viewer, it is shown shifted further to the west W (left) with the tilting. For the observer, the movement motif 5 is in the main plane. The movement motif 5 moves successively in the direction indicated by the narrow arrows, ie to the east O (right). In the selected representation in Fig.1 the movement effect BE of the moving motif 5 and the displacement effect VE of the floating motif 4 can be seen, but not its floating effect SE.

For the sake of simplicity, only the tilt angles α _b between the viewing axis 11 and the main plane E are mentioned below. The two specified tilting angle ranges of tilting angles α _b refer - as in Figures 7a and 7b shown - to the angle subtended by the viewer's line of sight 11 B and the principal planes E to one side of the tilt angles that increase when tilted (East E - West W or North N - South S).

The floating motif 4 is visible in a tilting angle range between 90° and 115° around the main plane axis 3, whereas the moving motif 5 is only visible in a tilting angle range around the main plane axis 3 between 95° and 110°. The visual axis 11 is the axis between a point P on the main plane E and the viewer B (see Fig Figures 7a and 7b ), whereby it is approximately assumed that the respective axis between each of the two eyes of the observer B and the main plane E run parallel. It can thus be assumed, for example, that the visual axis 11 runs between the main plane E and a central point between the two eyes of the viewer B.

The tilt angle range Δα ₁ or viewing angle range in which the floating subject 4 is visible is in the embodiment of 1a-1f larger than the tilt angle range Δα ₂ in which the movement motif 5 is visible, as is also the case in 6 is indicated.

The selected tilt angle ranges Δα _1.2 are selected as examples. The tilt angle range around the main plane axis 3 can also - as in 6 shown - symmetrical about the 90°, i.e. symmetrically around the top view, parallel to the perpendicular L of the main planes E. For example, the tilt angle range Δα ₁ (for the larger tilt angle Δα _b1 ) in which the floating subject 4 is visible, ie the first tilt angle range Δα _{1 ,} can be between 30° and 150°. The tilting angle range Δα ₂ (for the larger tilting angle Δα _b2 ), in which the movement motif 5 is visible, ie the second tilting angle range Δα _{2 ,} can then lie between 45° and 135°, for example. Alternatively, the first and the second tilting angle range Δα _1,2 can also match completely or be identical.

In the Fig. 1a the circular floating motif 4 is visible in plan, ie at a viewing angle or tilt angle α _b =90°. In this case, the axis between the viewer B and the main plane E is perpendicular to the main plane E and is thus parallel to the perpendicular L of the main plane E. The floating motif 4 appears to the viewer B as a motif floating under the main plane E, which in the 1 in all partial images af, however, the true appearance cannot be represented faithfully.

In Fig. 1b the main plane E is tilted about the first main plane axis 3 by 5° compared to the top view, in such a way that the right side of the main plane E tilts or moves backwards, i.e. away from the viewer B, and the left side forwards, that is, it tilts towards the viewer B or is moved towards it. The tilting angle is thus 95° to the right east direction with the main plane. At the tilt angle α _b =95° between the visual axis 11 and the main plane E to the east side O, the movement motif 5 becomes visible in addition to the floating motif 4 . Upon further tilting about the main plane axis 3, the moving motif 5 has a direction of movement, which is indicated by an arrow, namely to the right of the viewer B or towards the east O. The viewer sees the motifs 4, 5 in 1 ie in the direction in which the reference symbols have the correct reading direction. At the same time, the hovering motif 4 shifts slightly to the west W, i.e. to the left of the viewer B. The shift corresponds to the changed perspective of the hovering motif 4 hovering below the main plane. The position of the hovering motif 4 does not change for the viewer, it always hovers below his Basic position in the main level. The basic position of the floating motif 4, in which it was thus imaged at a tilt angle of 90° in plan view, is indicated by the dotted circle in the partial representations bf.

The movement motif 5 is represented by a motif structure 6 which includes a large number of structural elements 7 and interruptions 8 . In Fig.1 the structural elements are 7 squares, in particular squares arranged regularly without any gaps. Other shapes (such as a circle, semicircle, cross or n-gon) and arrangements (irregular and/or at a distance) from structural elements 7 are possible. The structure elements 7 are preferably line-based structure elements (in contrast to surface-based/full-surface structure elements). The shape of the structural element 7, here the square, is represented by lines, here the edges of the square. The viewer recognizes not only the movement motif 5, but also its motif structure 6, in particular the structural elements 7. The structural elements 7 can in this respect also be referred to as sub-motifs of the movement motif 5. In the preferred embodiment, the motifs 4, 5 are generated by means of micromirrors and/or are presented brightly for the viewer against a dark background. The floating motif 4 shown in the figures and the structural elements 7 of the microstructure 6 therefore shine brightly for the viewer at the corresponding tilt angle, while the interruptions 8 appear dark.

The movement motif 5 has a motif contour 51 which encloses the motif area 52 . The motif structure 6 in the motif area 52 has the multiplicity of interruptions 8 . The interruptions 8 are designed in such a way that when the moving motif 5 appears to be moving over the floating motif 4 , the floating motif 4 is or remains visible through the interruptions 8 .

In 1c the main plane E is tilted about the first main plane axis 3 by a further 5°, ie by a total of 10° compared to the (vertical) view (α _b =90°). The right-hand side of the main plane E is tilted or moved further backwards, ie away from the viewer B, and the left-hand side is tilted further forwards, ie towards the viewer. The tilting angle is therefore α _b =100°. At this tilting angle α _b the movement motif 5 lies above the floating motif 4. The floating motif 4 is shifted slightly further to the west. The two motifs begin to overlap.

The floating motif 4 is still visible through the interruptions 8 in the motif structure 6 of the moving motif 5 . The floating motif 4 can be seen as interruptions 8 in the structural interiors 81, the interior of the structural elements. Likewise, the floating motif 4 can be recognized in the optional motif interruptions 82 of the motif structure 6 . Within each of the interruptions 8 or 81, 82, a section of the floating floating motif 4 can be recognized--which would otherwise be hidden due to the overlapping arrangement.

In Fig. 1d the main plane E is tilted about the first main plane axis 3 by a further 5°, ie by a total of 15° compared to the top view. The tilting angle is thus α _b =105°. At this tilt angle α _{b ,} the movement motif 5 moves further over the floating motif 4 away. The movement motif 5 thus shows the movement effect BE. The floating motif 4 continues to float below the main plane, thus showing the floating effect SE, and at the same time is represented in a perspectively shifted manner, ie additionally showing the shifting effect VE. In the interruptions 81, 82 of the motif structure 6 of the moving motif, the floating motif 4 or a section of the floating motif 4 arranged in an overlapping manner is visible.

In Fig. 1e the main plane E is tilted about the first main plane axis 3 by a further 5°, ie by a total of 20° compared to the vertical view. The tilting angle is thus α _b =110°. The moving motif 5 has already moved completely over the floating motif 4 at this tilting angle α _b .

In 1f the main plane E is tilted about the first main plane axis 3 by a further 5°, ie by a total of 25° compared to the vertical view. The tilting angle is therefore α _b =115°. The movement motif 5 is no longer visible below this tilt angle α _b . Only the floating motif 4 is visible, this perspective being shifted even further compared to the position at which it appears under supervision or 90°.

2 12 is also a schematic representation of views of a floating motif 4 with a spatial displacement effect VE and a moving motif 5 with a moving effect BE at different tilting angles while tilting about a main plane axis 3 in the west-east direction. Essentially the same views as in 1 , wherein only other configurations of the floating motif 4 and the movement motif 5 are shown.

The levitating subject 4 appears as a three-dimensional object levitating above the main plane. Tilting from West W to East O about the main plane axis 3 gives the impression of a perspective tilting of the floating motif 4, which corresponds to the displacement VE of the floating motif 4 parallel to the main plane E. The perspective tilting arises from the fact that pixels, which are generated by microreflector pairs of at least some of the plurality of micropixels at different positions in the microstructure field, move with the tilting of the main plane E about the at least one first main plane axis 3 in the first tilting angle range shift by different displacement ranges.

The tilt angle α _b and the course of the movement motif 5 correspond to the Figures 1a-1f those of Figures 2a-2f . The floating motif 4 shifts successively in its perspective view when the tilt angle α _b from 90° to 115° (angle between the viewing axis and the right east side O of the main planes) is traversed by tilting the main plane E about the main plane axis 3.

As in Figure 2b recognizable, the motif structure 6 of the movement motif 5 comprises other structural elements 7. The structural elements 7 are rings (or the edge line of a circle) which are arranged at a distance from one another. The spaced arrangement also creates interruptions 8 between the structural elements 7. As an alternative to the arrangement shown, one could (here or in Fig.1 ) fill the entire motif area 52 with the spaced structural elements 7 .

The interruptions 8 in turn support the visibility of the floating motif 4 in the overlapping state or of overlapping sections of the floating motif 4. If the floating motif 4 is floating above the main plane E, the moving motif 5 is below the floating motif 4. The moving motif 5 would then be part of it for the viewer not shown, as far as it would be covered by an opaque floating motif 4. However, a semi-transparent floating motif 4 can now be displayed with a moving motif 5 moving beneath it. In the interruptions 81, 83, 84 and 85 of the motif structure 6 of the moving motif 5, the viewer continues to see only the floating motif 4, which thus remains clearly recognizable to him as a floating motif. On the other hand, a moving motif 5 that is illuminated over the entire surface or evenly would render a floating motif levitating above unrecognizable.

The interruptions are structural interior spaces 81, i.e. here the circle within the rings, structural spaces 83, i.e. here the spaces between the rings, contour interruptions 84 and/or motif interior spaces 85. The structural elements 7 can be arranged along the motif contour 51 and/or in the motif area 52 . If the structural elements 7 are arranged at a distance along the motif contour or at a greater distance than in the motif area, there is a contour interruption 84 . The motif interior 85 is surrounded by structural elements 7, but is itself free of structural elements.

If the floating subject is 4 in Fig.2 with its floating effect SE (and its displacement VE) floating below the plane E, it would be - analogous to 1 - through the interruptions 8 or within the interruptions 8 for the viewer also in Figures 2c and 2d good to see.

You could (in Fig.1 or in 2 ) fill the entire motif area 52 with (regularly or irregularly arranged and/or spaced or not spaced) structural elements 7.

If you tilt the security features of the figures 1 and 2 around a second main plane axis, for example an east-west axis, the tilt angle range in which the hovering motif 4 is visible while hovering is greater (for example 45 degrees) than the tilt angle range in which the moving motif 5 is visible ( e.g. 15 degrees). For tilting in the second direction, the floating motif 4 preferably shows the - perspectively corresponding - displacement effect when tilted, but the movement motif does not show the movement effect, but optionally at most a color change or a change in the size of the structural elements 7.

3 is a schematic representation of the floating motif 4 with a spatial displacement effect VE and the moving motif 5 with a moving effect BE when the main plane E is tilted in the south-north direction about a main plane axis 3 running in the east-west direction. The tilting takes place from south to north, so that the upper part of the main planes E moves away from the viewer and the lower part of the main planes E moves towards the viewer. The main plane axis 3 runs differently than in 1 and 2 from East E to West W. In 1 and 2 the skin plane axis 3 runs from north N to south S, ie from top to bottom.

The movement motif 5 is represented by a motif structure 6 consisting of rectangles as structural elements 7 and interruptions, which are present as structural interior spaces 81 and as structural intermediate spaces 83 . The direction of movement of the movement motif 5 is indicated by the bold arrow and runs from south S to north N. Here too the floating motif 4 is a motif that appears to float above the main plane E for the viewer. This time, the ring-shaped floating motif 4 does not shift in the opposite direction to the direction of movement of the moving motif 5, but by 90° to it, namely from East E to West W, when the main plane E is tilted from South S to North N about the main plane axis 3. The dashed circle indicates the position of the circular floating motif 4 at the beginning of the tilting from South S to North N. The thin arrow indicates the direction of displacement of the circular floating motif 4 from East O to West W and the solid circle indicates the end position of the circular floating motif 4 .

Figures 4a and 4b 12 are schematic representations of an array 2 having a microstructure array 42 with micropixels 46 comprising a plurality of microreflectors 47,48.

The Figure 4a corresponds to a supervision of the field 42 and Figure 4b corresponds to a side view of panel 42 of FIG Figure 4a along the cutting axis AA`.

Each micropixel 46 in the Figure 4a comprises a 4 x 4 matrix with two levitation motif reflectors 47 indicated by a close-meshed checkered pattern and two moving motif reflectors 48 indicated by a coarse-meshed checkered pattern. To represent a floating motif 4, which appears to the viewer as a motif floating above the main plane E, two floating motif reflectors 47 per micropixel 46 are required. The Figure 4a is a top view of the microstructure field 2 'and the Figure 4b is a section through the microstructure field 2 ' Figure 4a along the AA` axis, which is the x-axis in the Figure 4b is equivalent to. The floating motif reflectors 47 are arranged in alternation with the moving motif reflectors 48 . The reflector surfaces A ₄₇ and A ₄₈ of the floating motif reflectors 47 and the moving motif reflectors 48 are inclined relative to the main plane E by an angle of inclination β. These angles of inclination β are selected individually for each micropixel 46, so that the corresponding levitation SE and displacement effect VE of the levitation subject 4 and the corresponding motion effect BE of the motion subject 5 when tilting about a main plane axis 3 result therefrom. The hovering effect SE corresponds to hovering of the hovering motif 5 above or below the main plane E (in the y-direction of the Figure 4b ). The displacement effect VE corresponds to a displacement of the floating subject 4 in a direction perpendicular to the y-axis of the Figure 4b stands. The movement effect BE also corresponds to a movement of the moving subject 5 in a direction perpendicular to the y-axis of the Figure 4b stands. The displacement effect VE takes place in a plane that runs parallel to the main plane E. The movement effect BE takes place in the main plane E or parallel to the main plane E and the levitation effect SE takes place in a broader sense perpendicular to the main plane E.

6 is a schematic representation of the first and second tilt angle ranges Δα _1,2 . The first tilt angle range Δα ₁ overlaps with the second tilt angle range Δα ₂ . In general, the first tilt angle range Δα ₁ can completely or only partially encompass the second tilt angle range Δα ₂ . In this embodiment, the first tilt angle range Δα ₁ includes the second tilt angle range Δα ₂ and both tilt angle ranges Δα _1,2 are distributed symmetrically around 90°. Therefore, the floating subject 4 is visible over a wider tilt angle range around 90° (from about 20° to about 160°) than the moving subject 5 (from about 40° to about 140°). As in the examples of 1 and 2 shown, the tilt angle areas do not necessarily have to be located symmetrically around 90°. Both motifs are visible in the overlapping area 61 . As shown in the figure, there can be one or two non-overlapping areas 64 in which only the floating subject 4 is visible is. The angular range in which the motifs at least partially overlap can be referred to as the overlapping range 62 . It is of course in the overlapping area 61 and is preferably smaller than the overlapping area, so that there is also at least one non-overlapping area 63 within the overlapping area 61 .

Reference sign

1

security feature

2

field in main level

3

main plane axis

10

document of value

E

main level

4

floating motif

5

movement motive

51

subject outline

52

motif surface

6

motif structure

7

structural element

8th

interruptions

81

structure interior

82

motif breaks

83

structural space

84

contour breaks

85

motif interior

11

line of sight

42

microstructure field

46

micropixel

47

Floating Motive Reflector

48

Movement Motive Reflector

61

overlap area

62

overlap area

63

non-overlap area

64

non-overlapping area

αb, α

Tilt angle of the line of sight with the main plane in relation to the tilt direction

β, β47, β48

Inclination angle, inclination angle of the hovering motif reflectors and the moving motif reflectors

B

viewer

A47

Reflector surface of a floating motif reflector

A48

Reflector surface of a movement motif reflector

BE

Impression of a movement or movement effect

Δα1, 2

First and second tilt angle range

E

main level

L

Lot

PU

Impression of displacement or displacement effect

N

north direction

O

east direction

P

Viewpoint on the main levels

S

south direction

SE

Impression of floating or floating effect

W

west direction

Claims (17)

Security feature (1) for a value document (10) comprising: a field (2) arranged in a main level (E) of the security feature, which is set up to represent a floating motif (4) that appears to lie outside the main plane (E) for the viewer (SE), and that for the viewer with a tilting of the main plane (E) about at least a first main plane axis (3) in a first tilting angle range is generated, and a movement motif (5), whereby the impression of a movement effect (BE) running in the main plane (E) or parallel to the main plane (E) with the tilting of the main plane (E) about the at least one first main plane axis (3) is generated in a second tilting angle range (Δα ₂ ); wherein the second tilting angle range (Δα ₂ ) at least partially overlaps with the first tilting angle range (Δα ₁ ) in an overlapping range (Ü); wherein the movement motif (5) at least partially overlaps the surface of the floating motif (4) and has a motif structure (6) with interruptions (8), and/or the second tilting angle range (Δα ₂ ) of the movement motif (5) is smaller than the first tilting angle range (Δα ₁ ) of the floating motif (4). The security feature (1) according to claim 1, wherein the motif structure (6) with interruptions in the movement motif (5) is selected in such a way that the visibility of the floating motif (4) is supported for the viewer and/or the first tilting angle range (Δα ₁ ) has a non - includes an overlapping area (64) in which the movement motif (5) is not visible to the viewer or is visible without the movement effect (BE), in particular not overlapping with the floating motif (4). The security feature (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the floating motif (4) hovering under the moving motif (5) for the viewer (B) at least partially as a result of the interruptions (8) in the motif structure (6) of the Movement motif (5) through visible floating motif (4) is shown. Security feature (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein for the viewer (B) the floating motif (4) hovers over the moving motif (5) and the moving motif (5) for the viewer (B) as below the semi-transparent-looking floating motif (4) , moving movement motif (5) is shown. The security feature (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the overlapping area (61) comprises an overlapping area (62), in which the movement motif (5) and the floating motif (4) at least partially overlap, and in particular at least one non-overlapping area (63) includes, in which the movement motif (5) does not overlap with the floating motif (4). Security feature (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the motif structure (6) structural elements (7) which in particular - Linear structural elements (7) are and/or - are recognizable as submotives for the viewer and/or - Arranged along a motif contour (51) and/or in the motif area (52). Security feature (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the motif structure (6) comprises as interruptions: - Structure interiors (81), which are each arranged in a structural element (7); and or - Structure gaps (83) which are arranged between structural elements (7); and or - Motif interiors (85) which are arranged within the motif area (52) of the movement motif (5), in particular surrounded by structural elements (7). The security feature (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the field (2) arranged in the main plane (E) has a microstructure field (2'), which preferably comprises a microreflector field and wherein the microreflector field more preferably has a plurality of micropixels (46). each having a plurality of microreflectors (47, 48). The security feature (1) according to claim 8, wherein a floating motif structure comprises pairs of structures, in particular pairs of microreflectors, for the two eyes of the viewer, so that each pair of structures generates a pixel lying outside the main plane (E) for the viewer. Security feature (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein when the main plane (E) is tilted about the first main plane axis (3), preferably also when tilted about at least a second main plane axis, for the viewer with a displacement (VE) of the floating motif (4) is shown parallel to the main plane (E). The security feature (1) according to claim 10, wherein the displacement (VE) of the floating motif (4) parallel to the main plane (E) includes an impression of a perspective tilting of the floating motif (4), which is preferably created by the fact that pixels of the floating motif, which in particular are generated by microreflector pairs of at least some of the plurality of micropixels (46) at different positions in the microstructure field, with the tilting of the main plane (E) about the at least one first main plane axis (3) in the first tilting angle range (Δα ₁ ) shift by different displacement ranges. The security feature (1) according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the plurality of microreflectors (47, 48) of at least some of the plurality of micropixels has movement motif reflectors (48) and wherein the viewer (B) has the impression of the parallel to The movement effect (BE) running in the main plane (E) or in the main plane (E) is caused by the fact that the movement motif reflectors (48) of micropixels (46) at different positions in the microstructure field (2) have different angles of inclination (β) with respect to the main plane (E ) so that the movement motif (5) is generated at different positions in the microstructure field (2) at different tilt angles (α ₂ ) in the second tilt angle range (Δα ₂ ). Security feature (1) according to one of Claims 9 to 12, wherein floating motif structures (47) and moving motif structures (48) are arranged interleaved, in particular regularly interleaved and preferably alternately interleaved, in at least some of the plurality of micropixels (46). Security feature (1) according to one of Claims 8 to 13, the angle of inclination (β ₄₈ ) of the movement motif reflectors (48) relative to the main plane (E) is less than 24 degrees are, preferably less than 18 degrees, and at least some floating motif reflectors (47) have an inclination angle (β ₄₇ ) which is greater than 25 degrees. Security feature (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the field (2) arranged in the main plane (E) is also set up to give the impression of a displacement (VE) of the floating motif (4) parallel to the main plane (E) with a tilting of the Main plane (E) to generate at least one second main plane axis (3) in a third tilt angle range. Security element with a security feature according to one of the preceding claims. Document of value (10) with a security feature (1) according to claims 1 to 15 or a security element according to claim 16.

Images