EP4208420A1

EP4208420A1 - Glass vessel

Info

Publication number: EP4208420A1
Application number: EP21762739.7A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Thomas VOLAND; Sabine HÖNIG; Martin Gross; Michael Heidan
Original assignee: 2mh Glass GmbH
Current assignee: 2mh Glas GmbH
Priority date: 2020-09-03
Filing date: 2021-09-02
Publication date: 2023-07-12
Also published as: US20230331424A1; CN116670083A; LU102044B1; TW202222729A; WO2022049204A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a glass vessel having at least one wall and manufactured from a base material which is an alkali-containing silicate glass. It is a feature of the glass vessel that at least a surface layer is enriched in potassium and depleted of sodium and/or lithium, while an inner layer, especially one directly adjoining the surface layer, is not enriched in potassium and not depleted of sodium and/or lithium, and that the glass vessel has compressive stress up to a compressive stress depth and tensile stress beyond the compressive stress depth, wherein the tensile stress rises with increasing depth up to a tensile stress maximum within the inner layer and/or wherein the progression of the tensile stress as a function of depth does not have a linear section and/or wherein the progression of the tensile stress as a function of depth does not have a section in which tensile stress is constant.

Description

glass container

The invention relates to a glass container which has at least one wall and which is made from a base material which is an alkaline silicate glass.

Various hardening and strengthening processes are known in order to ideally adapt glass as a versatile high-tech material to the respective application. Most hardening and strengthening processes are either very difficult to use and/or require the use of mostly expensive special glass.

For example, it is known to increase the breaking strength of glass by so-called thermal tempering (colloquially also referred to as thermal hardening or tempering). Here, the glass workpiece to be strengthened is heated to approx. 600 °C in a furnace and then quickly quenched to room temperature. This quenching solidifies the surface and the external dimensions of the component change only slightly afterwards. Compressive stresses arise on the surface of the glass workpiece, which ultimately lead to greater breaking strength. Thermal toughening is used in particular in the manufacture of toughened safety glass (ESG). The stress profile of toughened safety glass shows high internal tensile stresses throughout the glass thickness, which lead to a characteristic crumbly fracture pattern if the pane fails.

It is also known to strengthen glass objects by chemical toughening. In chemical toughening, a distinction is made between processes with so-called high-temperature ion exchange and processes with so-called low-temperature ion exchange. Only processes with low-temperature ion exchange, in which an alkali ion is replaced by a larger alkali ion, have so far found industrial use. In these processes, a zone of compressive stress is created at the surface of the glass by ion exchange, which usually takes place in a molten salt bath between the glass surface and the salt bath. For example, sodium ions are exchanged for potassium ions, which creates a compressive stress zone on the glass surface because the potassium ions are larger than the sodium ions. For commercially available glasses (alkaline-earth-alkaline silicate glasses), the treatment time in the molten salt is disadvantageously very long. It is usually between 8 and 36 hours. The problem of long process times can be reduced by using expensive special glasses with the simultaneous use of complicated, in particular multi-stage, treatment processes.

DD 1579 66 discloses a method and a device for strengthening glass products by ion exchange. The glass products are thereby by alkali ion exchange solidified between the glass surface and molten alkali salts. For solidification, hollow glass products with the opening facing downwards or hollow glass products that are rotated or pivoted about a horizontal axis are sprinkled with molten salt. Here, the salt is constantly circulated and passed through perforated plates in order to create a rain cascade for the glass products arranged in several layers. Disadvantageously, this method can only be used in an economically viable manner when using comparatively expensive special glass.

DE 195 10 202 C2 discloses a method for producing hollow glass bodies using the blow-blow and press-blow shaping method with increased mechanical strength. The method is characterized in that mist-like aqueous alkali metal salt solutions are added to the compressed air in the preliminary and/or finished mold of the blow-blow molding process or in the finished mold of the press-blow molding process.

DE 11 2014 003 344 T5 discloses chemically hardened glass for flat screens of digital cameras, cell phones, digital organizers, etc. The chemically strengthened glass has a compressive stress layer formed by an ion exchange method, the glass has a surface roughness of 0.20 nm or higher and the hydrogen concentration Y ranges to a depth X from an outermost surface of the glass satisfies the equation Y = aX + b at X = from 0.1 to 0.4 (pm). The jar is preheated to a temperature of 100″ Celsius and then immersed in molten salt.

It is the object of the present invention to specify a glass container which has a high level of strength and which, particularly with regard to mass production, can be produced quickly and inexpensively.

The object is achieved by a glass container which is characterized in that a. at least one surface layer is enriched in potassium and depleted in sodium and/or lithium, while an inner layer, in particular immediately adjacent to the surface layer, is not enriched in potassium and not depleted in sodium and/or lithium and that b. the glass container has a compressive stress down to a compressive stress depth and from the compressive stress depth a tensile stress, wherein the tensile stress increases with increasing depth up to a maximum tensile stress arranged in the inner layer and/or wherein the progression of the tensile stress as a function of the depth does not have a linear section and/ or where the The course of the tensile stress as a function of depth does not have a section in which the tensile stress is constant.

According to the invention, it was recognized that a combination of thermal and chemical hardening allows a glass container, in particular made of conventional glass, to have strength values that are many times higher than the strength values of an identical but untreated glass container.

The invention has the very special advantage that a smaller wall thickness of the glass object is required, in particular for objects of daily use, due to the increased breaking strength. The consequence of this is that glass can be saved in the production of the glass objects compared to glass objects conventionally produced from the same glass material. In particular, the glass objects produced according to the invention can therefore have a lower intrinsic weight than glass objects conventionally produced from the same glass material.

In accordance with the invention, it was recognized in particular that particularly good results are achieved when a blank is first produced in the known manner and heated to a primary temperature which is at most 50 Kelvin below and at most 30 Kelvin above the Littleton point of the glass material. In contrast to conventional tempering, however, the blank is preferably not suddenly quenched to room temperature, but to a higher temperature. The heated blank is preferably quenched to a quenching temperature which is at least 200 Kelvin and at most 550 Kelvin, in particular at least 200 Kelvin and at most 450 Kelvin, below the primary temperature.

An ion exchange process can then take place, which results in at least one surface layer being enriched in potassium and depleted in sodium and/or lithium, while an inner layer, in particular immediately adjacent to the surface layer, is not enriched in potassium and not in sodium and/or lithium is depleted. Considerably shorter treatment times are required for the ion exchange process according to the invention than with known methods of chemical hardening in order to achieve a significant overall increase in the strength values. The ion exchange process can in particular directly follow the quenching process. In particular, very high strength values can be achieved in this way, in particular with regard to bending strength, microhardness and scratch resistance, which exceed the strength values of an untreated, otherwise identical glass container many times over. Due to the type of treatment explained above, the glass container according to the invention has compressive stress down to a compressive stress depth and from the compressive stress depth a tensile stress, the tensile stress increasing with increasing depth up to a maximum tensile stress arranged in the inner layer and/or the course of the tensile stress being dependent does not have a linear section in terms of depth and/or wherein the course of the tensile stress as a function of depth does not have a section in which the tensile stress is constant. In this respect, the glass container according to the invention differs significantly, for example, from glass containers that have been treated with a known chemical toughening process.

The glass container according to the invention can advantageously be designed in particular in such a way that the surface layer has a thickness in the range from 0.5 μm to 60 μm, in particular in the range from 0.5 μm to 30 μm, in particular in the range from 0.5 μm to 15 |_im has. Advantageously, it was recognized that very high strength values are achieved when the surface layer has the stated thickness, with the stated thickness of the surface layer advantageously being able to be achieved comparatively quickly despite dispensing with expensive special glasses that are difficult to produce.

The glass container can advantageously be designed in particular in such a way that at least one surface layer is enriched in potassium and depleted in sodium, while an inner layer, in particular immediately adjacent to the surface layer, is not enriched in potassium and not depleted in sodium and/or lithium, or in such a way that at least one surface layer is enriched in potassium and depleted in sodium and/or lithium, while an inner layer, in particular directly adjacent to the surface layer, is not enriched in potassium and not depleted in lithium.

A glass container which has at least one wall with two surface layers, in particular parallel to one another, is particularly robust. It can advantageously be provided that each of the two surface layers is enriched in potassium and depleted in sodium and/or lithium, while an inner layer arranged between the surface layers is not enriched in potassium and not depleted in sodium and/or lithium, and that the wall on both sides has a compressive stress down to a compressive stress depth and from the compressive stress depth a tensile stress, wherein the tensile stress increases with increasing depth up to a tensile stress maximum arranged in the inner layer and/or wherein the progression of the tensile stress as a function of the depth does not have a linear section and/ or wherein the plot of tensile stress versus depth has no portion where the tensile stress is constant. This can be achieved in particular in that both outer sides of the wall of the Glass containers are treated the same.

In this case, the glass container can advantageously be designed in such a way that each of the two surface layers is enriched in potassium and depleted in sodium, while an inner layer arranged between the surface layers is not enriched in potassium and not depleted in sodium and/or lithium, or in such a way that each of the two surface layers is potassium-enriched and sodium- and/or lithium-depleted, while an inner layer disposed between the surface layers is potassium-non-enriched and lithium-non-enriched.

In particular in the areas of the wall of the glass container in which the surface layers are identical and parallel to one another, the maximum tensile stress is usually arranged centrally between the surface layers. However, it is also possible for the glass container to have areas in which the maximum tensile stress is arranged eccentrically between the surface layers. This can be achieved in particular by selecting the geometry of the glass container and/or by treating the surface layers of the wall differently during production, in particular during solidification.

In particular, the glass container can be designed in such a way that it has a particularly large stress gradient on the side of the wall facing the expected impact of force in areas where a high level of usage stress is to be expected, while it has a particularly large stress gradient on the side of the wall facing away from the expected impact of force can have a lower voltage gradient.

In another embodiment, only a first of the two surface layers is enriched in potassium and depleted in sodium and/or lithium, while the other surface layer and an inner layer arranged between the surface layers are not enriched in potassium and not depleted in sodium and/or lithium, with the wall on both sides has a compressive stress down to a compressive stress depth and from the compressive stress depth a tensile stress, wherein the tensile stress increases with increasing depth up to a maximum tensile stress arranged in the inner layer and/or wherein the course of the tensile stress as a function of the depth does not have a linear section and/or wherein the course of the tensile stress as a function of depth does not have a section in which the tensile stress is constant. Such a glass container can be achieved, for example, by treating only the outside of the blank in the manner described above after the blank has been produced. In particular, it can be provided, for example, that the glass container before the ion exchange process is closed and the ion exchange process therefore takes place exclusively on the outside of the glass container. In such a glass container, the tensile stress maximum is mostly off-center between the surface layers of the wall of the glass container.

The wall of the glass container according to the invention can advantageously have a thickness in the range from 0.5 mm to 5 mm, in particular in the range from 1 mm to 3 mm or in the range from 1.5 mm to 3 mm or in the range from 2 mm to 3 mm. exhibit. In particular, the wall can have a thickness of more than 1.5 mm. It has been shown that with such thicknesses, particularly good strength values can be achieved in comparison to the same but untreated glass containers. This is particularly advantageous because glass containers with walls of this type are used in large numbers as utility containers, for example as yoghurt containers or milk bottles or containers for other beverages, especially in reusable systems.

In particular, the fact that a glass container according to the invention can have a significantly lower weight with the same strength can be advantageously exploited, since a significantly smaller thickness of the wall and therefore less glass material is required. Less material is required to produce such a glass container, which reduces the material costs. In addition, the capacity is greater than in conventional glass containers of the same material and strength with the same external dimensions due to the lower thickness of the wall. In addition, transport is simplified and, in particular, more cost-effective because the glass container according to the invention weighs less than a conventional glass container of the same material and the same strength.

The glass container according to the invention can in particular be designed in such a way that the strength, in particular a strength measured according to DIN EN 7458, method B, of the glass container is at least 1.5 times, in particular at least twice or at least three times or at least four times or at least five times higher than the strength of an identical glass container, in particular a glass container of the same shape and size and the same basic material, which does not have the above-mentioned special features of the glass container according to the invention. The glass container according to the invention can in particular be manufactured in such a way that the surface layer (or the surface layers) has (have) an increased hardness compared to the inner layer and/or that the surface layer (or the surface layers) has a Martens hardness, measured in particular according to DIN EN ISO 14577-1 at a test force of 2N, in the range from 3,500 N/mm2 to 3,900 N/mm2, in particular in the range from 3,650 N/mm2 to 3,850 N/mm2 (have). As already mentioned, the glass container according to the invention can have such strength values have, although no expensive special glasses are used as raw material and although no long process times for solidification are to be accepted. Process times of less than one hour are usually sufficient to achieve the above-mentioned strength of the glass container.

Advantageously, the glass container can be designed such that the proportion of potassium in the surface layer is greater than the total proportion of sodium and lithium to a depth in the range from 0.5 μm to 10 μm and that the proportion of potassium decreases a depth in the range of 0.5 |_im to 10 |_im is less than the total sodium and lithium. Such an embodiment advantageously has particularly high strength.

Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible for the depletion of sodium and/or lithium in the potassium-enriched surface layer to be at least 50 percent by mass down to a depth of at least a quarter of the thickness of the surface layer.

The glass material from which the glass container is made is advantageously an alkali-earth-alkaline silicate glass, in particular a soda-lime glass, or a borosilicate glass. These glasses, and in particular alkali-earth-alkaline silicate glass, have the particular advantage that they can be obtained at low cost. Alkali-earth silicate glass has the added benefit of being easy to recycle. In particular, it is not a problem to dispose of such a glass container according to the invention in a waste glass container.

The glass material from which the glass container is made can also be an aluminosilicate glass. Preferably, however, the glass material is not an aluminosilicate glass because such glass is too complex and, in particular, too expensive to produce. The glass material preferably has an aluminum oxide content of less than 5% (percent by mass) (Al2O3<5%), in particular less than 4.5% (percent by mass) (Al2O3<4.5%).

The glass material can advantageously have a silicon dioxide content (SiO2) of more than 58% (mass percent) and less than 85% (mass percent), in particular more than 70% (mass percent) and less than 74% (mass percent). In particular, a glass material that is an alkali-earth-alkaline silicate glass can advantageously have a silicon dioxide content of more than 70% (percent by mass) and less than 74% (percent by mass).

Alternatively or additionally, it can advantageously be provided that the glass material has an alkali oxide content, in particular sodium oxide content (Na2O) and/or lithium oxide content (Li2O), in the range from 5% (mass percent) to 20% (mass percent), in particular in the range from 10% (mass percent ) to 14.5% (mass percent) or in the range from 12% (mass percent) to 13.5% (mass percent).

The glass material can (alternatively or additionally) advantageously have a potassium oxide (K2O) content of at most 7% (mass percent), in particular at most 3% (mass percent) or at most 1% (mass percent). In particular, the glass material can have a potassium oxide content in the range from 0.5% (mass percent) to 0.9% (mass percent).

Alternatively or additionally, it can advantageously be provided that the glass material has a boron trioxide content (B2O3) of less than 15% (percent by mass), in particular of at most 5% (percent by mass).

There are no fundamental restrictions with regard to the shape of the glass container. In particular with regard to the production of bottles and drinking vessels, the glass container can advantageously have at least one section which is tubular. In particular, at least one section of the glass container can be designed in the shape of a circular cylinder. It is also possible for the glass container according to the invention to have a cylindrical section whose base deviates from the circular shape. In particular, the base area can, for example, be oval or have the shape of a polygon.

In very general terms, the glass container can be designed to be rotationally symmetrical, for example. Alternatively, it is also possible for the glass container, in particular in a horizontal cross section, to have an angular, in particular a square shape.

As already mentioned, the glass container according to the invention can be used in particular as a packaging glass, in particular as a yoghurt glass or as a jam jar or as a preserving jar, or as a drinking glass, in particular a wine glass or as a stemmed glass or as a beer glass or as a champagne glass or as a cocktail glass, or as a bottle, in particular as a drinking bottle or as a beverage bottle or as a champagne bottle or as a beer bottle or as a wine bottle.

The subject of the invention is shown schematically and by way of example in the drawing and is described below with reference to the figures, with elements that are the same or have the same effect, even in different exemplary embodiments, are usually provided with the same reference symbols. show:

1 shows a schematic representation, not true to scale, of a first component of the stress curve 1 within the wall of a glass container according to the invention, 2 shows a schematic representation, not true to scale, of a second component of the stress profile 1 within the wall of a glass container according to the invention,

3 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a glass container according to the invention, and

4 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a glass container according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation, which is not true to scale, of a first component of the stress profile 1 within the wall 8 of a glass container according to the invention, which has a thickness 6 . The first component of the stress curve 1 is based on the fact that first a blank was produced and heated to a primary temperature which is at most 50 Kelvin below and at most 30 Kelvin above the Littleton point of the glass material and then quenched to a quenching temperature which is at least 200 Kelvin and at most 550 Kelvin, in particular at least 200 Kelvin and at most 450 Kelvin, below the primary temperature.

In the diagram, the compressive stress 3 increases to the right, starting from the zero line drawn in dashed lines, while the tensile stress 4 increases to the left, starting from the zero line drawn in dashed lines.

It can be seen that the wall 8 has on both sides a compressive stress 3 that decreases towards the inside, which transitions into a tensile stress 4 that increases up to the center between the outer sides of the wall, with the progression of the tensile stress depending on the depth not having a linear section and has no portion where the tensile stress 4 is constant depending on the depth. In the middle between the outer sides of the wall, the first component has a maximum 5 of tensile stress 4.

In addition to the first component of the stress profile 1 shown in FIG. 1 within the wall of a glass container according to the invention, the strength of the glass container is increased by a second component of the stress profile 1 within the wall of a glass container according to the invention, as is shown schematically in FIG.

Figure 2 shows a schematic representation, not true to scale, of a second component of the stress profile 1 within the wall 8 of a glass container 7 according to the invention, which is based on the fact that the two surface layers 10 are enriched in potassium and depleted in sodium and/or lithium, while the to the Surface layers 10 immediately adjacent inner layer 11 is not enriched in potassium and not depleted in sodium and/or lithium. It can be seen that the stress profile 1 of the second component in the inner layer 11 is largely linear.

Both the first component and the second component contribute to the strength of the glass container 7 . Therefore, the overall acting stress curve is determined by the first component and the second component together, so that the wall 8 has a compressive stress 3 on both sides down to a compressive stress depth 2 and a tensile stress 4 from the compressive stress depth 2, with the tensile stress 4 increasing with increasing depth up to a tensile stress maximum 5 arranged in the inner layer 11 and/or wherein the curve of the tensile stress 4 as a function of the depth does not have a linear section and/or the curve of the tensile stress 4 as a function of the depth does not have a section in which the tensile stress 4 is constant.

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional representation of a first exemplary embodiment of a glass container 7 according to the invention, which is designed as a wine glass and has a wall 8 . Detailed view 9 of a section of wall 8 shows that wall 8 has a surface layer 10 on both sides, which is enriched in potassium and depleted in sodium and/or lithium, while an inner layer 1 1 is not enriched in potassium and not depleted in sodium and/or lithium. The wall 8 has a stress profile 1 which results from the simultaneous action of the two components shown in FIGS.

FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional representation of a second exemplary embodiment of a glass container 7 according to the invention, which is designed as a bottle and has a wall 8 . Detailed view 9 shows that the wall 8 has a surface layer 10 on one side, which is enriched in potassium and depleted in sodium and/or lithium, while an inner layer 11, in particular immediately adjacent to the surface layer 10, and the other surface layer 12 not enriched in potassium and not depleted in sodium and/or lithium. In this exemplary embodiment, the wall 8 has an asymmetrical stress profile 1 based on two asymmetrical components, with the maximum tensile stress being arranged eccentrically between the outer sides of the wall 8 . Reference character list:

1 voltage curve

2 Depth of compressive stress 3 Compressive stress

4 tension

5 maximum tensile stress

6 thickness

7 glass container 8 wall

9 Detail view

10 surface layer

11 inner layer

12 Other surface layer

Claims

patent claims

1. Glass container (7) which has at least one wall (8) and which is made from a base material which is an alkaline silicate glass, characterized in that a. at least one surface layer (10) is enriched in potassium and depleted in sodium and/or lithium, while an inner layer (11), in particular immediately adjacent to the surface layer (10), is not enriched in potassium and not depleted in sodium and/or lithium is and that b. the glass container (7) has a compressive stress (3) down to a compressive stress depth (2) and from the compressive stress depth (2) a tensile stress (4), the tensile stress (4) increasing with depth up to a point in the inner layer (1 1 ) arranged tensile stress maximum increases and/or wherein the course of the tensile stress (4) as a function of the depth has no linear section and/or the course of the tensile stress (4) as a function of the depth has no section in which the tensile stress (4) is constant.

2. Glass container (7) according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface layer (10) has a thickness in the range from 0.5 |_im to 60 pm, in particular in the range from 0.5 |_im to 30 pm, in particular in the range of 0.5 |_im to 15 |_im.

3. Glass container (7) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the glass container (7) has at least one wall (8) with two surface layers (10), in particular parallel to one another.

4. Glass container (7) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a. each of the two surface layers (10) is enriched in potassium and depleted in sodium and/or lithium, while an inner layer arranged between the surface layers (10) is not enriched in potassium and not depleted in sodium and/or lithium and that b. the wall (8) has a compressive stress (3) on both sides up to a compressive stress depth and from the compressive stress depth (2) a tensile stress (4), the tensile stress (4) being arranged with increasing depth up to a point in the inner layer (11). Tensile stress maximum increases and/or wherein the course of the tensile stress (4) has no linear section as a function of the depth and/or the course of the tensile stress (4) has no section as a function of the depth in which the tensile stress (4) is constant is.

. Glass container (7) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the maximum tensile stress is arranged centrally between the surface layers (10).. Glass container (7) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the maximum tensile stress is arranged eccentrically between the Surface layers (10) is arranged. . Glass container (7) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a. only a first of the two surface layers (10) is enriched in potassium and depleted in sodium and/or lithium, while the other surface layer (8) and an inner layer (11) arranged between the surface layers (10) are not enriched in potassium and not on Sodium and/or lithium are depleted and that b. the wall (8), in particular on both sides, has compressive stress (3) down to a compressive stress depth (2) and tensile stress (4) from the compressive stress depth (2), the tensile stress (4) increasing with increasing depth up to a Tensile stress maximum arranged in the inner layer increases and/or the course of the tensile stress (4) as a function of the depth does not have a linear section and/or the course of the tensile stress (4) as a function of the depth does not have a section in which the tensile stress (4 ) is constant. . Glass container (7) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the maximum tensile stress is arranged eccentrically between the surface layers (10). . Glass container (7) according to one of Claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the wall (8) has a thickness in the range from 0.5 mm to 5 mm, in particular in the range from 1 mm to 3 mm or in the range from 1.5 mm to 3 mm, or that the wall (8) has a thickness of more than 1.5 mm. . Glass container (7) according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the strength, in particular a strength measured according to DIN EN 7458, of the glass container (7) is at least 1.5 times, in particular at least twice or at least three times or at least four times or at least is five times higher than the strength of an identical glass container (7), in particular a glass container (7) of the same shape and size and of the same basic material, which does not have the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. 1. Glass container (7) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the surface layer (10) has an increased hardness compared to the inner layer (11) and/or that the surface layer (10) has a Martens hardness 14 measured in particular according to DIN EN ISO 14577-1 at a test force of 2N, in the range from 3,500 N/mm ² to 3,900 N/mm ² , in particular in the range from 3,650 N/mm ² to 3,850 N/mm ² .

12. Glass container (7) according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the proportion of potassium in the surface layer (10) is greater than the total proportion down to a depth in the range from 0.5 μm to 10 μm of sodium and lithium and that the fraction of potassium is less than the total fraction of sodium and lithium from a depth in the range of 0.5 |_im to 10 |_im.

13. Glass container (7) according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the depletion of sodium and/or lithium in the potassium-enriched surface layer is at least 50 percent by mass down to a depth of at least a quarter of the thickness of the surface layer.

14. Glass container (7) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the glass container (7) is tubular at least a portion of the glass container (7).

15. Glass container (7) according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the glass container (7) is designed as a packaging glass, in particular as a yoghurt glass or as a jam jar or as a preserving jar, or as a drinking glass, in particular a wine glass or as a stemmed glass or as a beer glass or as a champagne glass or as a cocktail glass, or as a bottle, in particular as a drinking bottle or as a beverage bottle or as a champagne bottle or as a beer bottle or as a wine bottle.

16. Glass container (7) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the glass container (7) is rotationally symmetrical.

17. Glass container (7) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the glass container (7), in particular in a horizontal cross section, has an angular, in particular a square shape.

18. Glass container (7) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the glass material is an alkali-earth-alkaline silicate glass, in particular a soda-lime glass, or a borosilicate glass.