EP4200524A1 - Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennkraftmaschine, steuergerät für eine brennkraftmaschine, und brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennkraftmaschine, steuergerät für eine brennkraftmaschine, und brennkraftmaschineInfo
- Publication number
- EP4200524A1 EP4200524A1 EP21762478.2A EP21762478A EP4200524A1 EP 4200524 A1 EP4200524 A1 EP 4200524A1 EP 21762478 A EP21762478 A EP 21762478A EP 4200524 A1 EP4200524 A1 EP 4200524A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure gradient
- combustion chamber
- injector
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003679 aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/401—Controlling injection timing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
- F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D41/1406—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method with use of a optimisation method, e.g. iteration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
- F02D41/403—Multiple injections with pilot injections
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
- F02D41/28—Interface circuits
- F02D2041/286—Interface circuits comprising means for signal processing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D2041/389—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type for injecting directly into the cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
- F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
- F02D2200/0614—Actual fuel mass or fuel injection amount
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine, a control unit for an internal combustion engine, and an internal combustion engine with such a control unit.
- a pre-injection is often carried out. Last but not least, this also enables internal combustion engines to be operated efficiently and with low emissions.
- the amount of fuel that is introduced into the combustion chamber during pre-injection must be measured precisely. This is because the combustion chamber pressure gradient increases significantly not only when the pre-injected fuel quantity is too small, but also when the pre-injected fuel quantity is too high.
- injectors typically installed on internal combustion engines do not have sufficient reproducibility, particularly when comparatively small amounts of fuel are to be injected.
- the invention is based on the object of creating a method for operating an internal combustion engine, a control unit for an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine, the disadvantages mentioned being at least partially reduced, preferably avoided.
- the object is achieved in particular by creating a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in which a) an injector is activated in order to introduce a pre-injection quantity of fuel into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
- a pressure gradient parameter which is characteristic of a combustion chamber pressure gradient in the combustion chamber, is determined b) for a working cycle of the combustion chamber in which the injector was activated in step a).
- Steps a) and b) are c) repeated several times.
- a skewness of a distribution of the pressure gradient characteristic values determined in step c) is determined, and the triggering of the injector is e) changed or maintained as a function of the skewness determined in step d).
- suitable control signals that do not require any appreciable correction can already be recognized without iteration, and in particular rapid convergence of the extreme value search for the suitable control is possible.
- the method proposed here does not evaluate an average integral metric in order to obtain the optimum triggering of the injector in terms of a minimum combustion chamber pressure gradient, but instead selects a statistical approach.
- the method according to the invention makes advantageous use of the fact that the connection between the Pilot injection quantity and the combustion chamber pressure gradient or its estimation is not linear. If one considers the effect of several pre-injections, which scatter around a mean value in the amount of fuel actually introduced, on the resulting values of the combustion chamber pressure gradient or its estimate, a statistical distribution of these values results. This distribution differs significantly depending on whether you are near or away from the minimum of the function.
- FIG. 2 a plot of the combustion chamber pressure gradient or, alternatively, an estimate of the combustion chamber pressure gradient as a function of the pilot injection quantity according to a certain metric.
- the combustion chamber pressure gradient will be discussed below, but this includes the fact that this can be an estimated value for the combustion chamber pressure gradient according to a specific metric.
- the plot of the combustion chamber pressure gradient against the pre-injection quantity shows a minimum at an optimal value of the pre-injection quantity, which is also assigned to an optimal triggering of the injector. Starting from this minimum, the combustion chamber pressure gradient increases to both lower and higher pre-injection quantities.
- the combustion chamber pressure gradient curve is very flat in the area of the minimum, with it rising steeply for smaller pre-injection quantities, while for larger pre-injection quantities it initially rises comparatively slowly and then later more steeply.
- the fact that the area of the minimum is flat means in particular that in the area of the minimum of the combustion chamber pressure gradient curve, a variation in the pre-injection quantity around the optimum value hardly leads to a change in the combustion chamber pressure gradient.
- the result is that the associated combustion chamber pressure gradient values are essentially in the range of the minimum combustion chamber pressure gradient, with the associated distribution of the combustion chamber pressure gradients having no values that are smaller than the minimum, the relative frequency of the combustion chamber pressure gradient values decreasing toward larger combustion chamber pressure gradient values.
- the distribution of the combustion chamber pressure gradient values is therefore maximally skewed near the minimum, i.e. asymmetrical. The most frequent values are at the edge of the distribution near the minimum, since both a Deviation in the direction of larger pre-injection quantities as well as in the direction of smaller pre-injection quantities leads to higher combustion chamber pressure gradients.
- the maximum of the distribution of the combustion chamber pressure gradient values moves more and more towards the middle of the value range of the sample or value group considered, the further away the mean value of the - still symmetrically conceived - pre-injection quantity distribution is from the optimal value.
- the distribution of the combustion chamber pressure gradient values thus becomes less and less skewed and more and more symmetrical the further away from the optimal value the mean value of the pre-injection quantity distribution is.
- the skewness of the distribution of the combustion chamber pressure gradient values - and thus also the pressure gradient characteristic values of the method proposed here - represents a robust and clear criterion for how well suited the momentary activation of the injector is to lead to a pre-injection quantity on average , which keeps the combustion chamber pressure gradient close to its minimum.
- the injector is preferably controlled with a specific energization duration.
- activation of the injector means activation with a specific energization duration.
- a change in the control means in particular, a change in the duration of the energization.
- maintaining the control means in particular maintaining the specific energization duration. The actuation is thus defined in particular by the energization duration with which the injector is actuated.
- a self-igniting fuel in particular diesel or dimethyl ether, or a combustible gas, is introduced into the combustion chamber as the fuel via the injector.
- the pre-injection quantity of the fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber by the injector, in particular by way of a pre-injection, with a main injection that follows within the same working cycle.
- a typical injector is set up to introduce the main injection quantity as precisely as possible. Since the pre-injection quantity is much smaller than the main injection quantity, it is hardly possible to precisely define this by controlling the injector.
- the pressure gradient characteristic can be derived from the combustion chamber pressure gradient or, conversely, the combustion chamber pressure gradient can be derived—at least in principle—from the pressure gradient characteristic.
- the combustion chamber pressure gradient is preferably in particular a peak pressure gradient.
- a pressure gradient is understood to mean a derivation of the pressure over time.
- the pressure gradient is therefore a temporal pressure gradient.
- step c) steps a) and b) are repeated several times in particular with the same triggering of the injector.
- Step c) is therefore preferably carried out in a stationary state of the internal combustion engine.
- the entire method is preferably carried out in a stationary state of the internal combustion engine. In this way, the evaluation of the distribution of the pressure gradient characteristic is not disturbed and falsified by load changes and thus in particular by changes in the amount of fuel introduced.
- steps a) and b) in step c) are repeated approximately 100 times, preferably 100 times. In any case, this results in a representative random sample with a meaningful distribution of the pressure gradient characteristic values.
- An internal combustion engine is preferably operated as part of the method
- the procedure is carried out individually for each combustion chamber in this case, i.e. in particular for each combustion chamber individually. This takes into account in particular the knowledge that different injectors, which are assigned to different combustion chambers, can exhibit very different behaviors, especially when introducing very small amounts of fuel.
- steps a) to e) are repeated with the changed triggering.
- This procedure is preferably iterated until the activation in step e) is maintained.
- steps a) to e) are repeated each time the triggering of the injector is changed in step e), and this is continued until the triggering in step e) is maintained for the first time.
- iteratively—preferably with rapid convergence—a suitable triggering of the injector can be found in terms of a combustion chamber pressure gradient that is as small as possible.
- a direction of the change in the activation ie in particular the energization duration, of the injector in step e) is selected depending on whether a last change in the activation resulted in a larger change in the pressure gradient characteristic value, in particular a mean pressure gradient characteristic value, has led to a penultimate change in the control.
- the direction of the change is in particular the sign of the change.
- the sign is changed compared to the sign selected in the last change step if the last change made to the control, i.e. energization duration, has led to a greater change in the pressure gradient characteristic value than the penultimate change in control.
- the sign is retained compared to the last change if the last change in activation did not result in a greater change in the pressure gradient characteristic value than the penultimate change in activation.
- This procedure is based in particular on the idea that the combustion chamber pressure gradient curve, starting from its minimum, has a pronounced curvature, so that the slope of the combustion chamber pressure gradient curve, starting from the minimum, changes in both directions and, in particular, with increasing distance from it Minimum increases in both directions.
- this behavior indicates that the sign of the change should be changed to move along the chamber pressure gradient curve in direction to move the minimum.
- the sign for the change is preferably chosen randomly or initialized in a predetermined manner.
- the direction of the change in triggering of the injector in step e) is selected depending on whether a previous change in triggering influenced the pressure gradient characteristic in the direction of a smaller combustion chamber pressure gradient or in the direction of a larger combustion chamber pressure gradient.
- the effect of the previous change is therefore preferably taken into account when choosing the sign of the subsequent change, in order to accelerate the convergence of the method.
- the direction—that is, the sign—of the change is preferably retained if the previous change in the activation has influenced the pressure gradient characteristic in the direction of a smaller combustion chamber pressure gradient. This means that the change has led in the direction of the desired minimum, so that it makes sense to continue on the path we have taken.
- the direction of the change is preferably changed if the previous change in the activation has influenced the pressure gradient characteristic value in the direction of a greater combustion chamber pressure gradient. In fact, in this case, the change has contributed to a further distance from the desired minimum.
- a mean value of the pressure gradient characteristic value is preferably considered here, so it is checked in particular whether the previous change in the control has changed the mean value of the pressure gradient characteristic value in the direction of a smaller one or a larger combustion chamber pressure gradient.
- step e When the method is carried out for the first time, no previous change is available for evaluation. In this case, preference is given to the direction of change in step e) guessed or determined at random, or a change is made in a predetermined direction.
- the skewness of the distribution in step e) is compared with a predetermined skewness threshold value.
- the triggering of the injector is then preferably changed when the skew is less than the skew threshold value.
- Drive is preferably maintained when the skew is greater than the skew threshold or when the skew is equal to the skew threshold. If the skew threshold value is exceeded, it is ensured that the control signal is already sufficiently close to the optimal value and therefore does not have to be corrected any further.
- the skew threshold is defined appropriately to ensure this.
- the triggering of the injector is changed and the skewness is determined again. This is preferably repeated until the skewness reaches or exceeds the skew threshold.
- the skewness of the distribution is determined as a measure of the skewness. This represents a particularly simple detection of the skewness, which can be done in particular with little computational effort.
- the skewness index is determined from the distribution itself, in particular using a histogram! deriving the pressure gradient characteristics and evaluating the histogram appropriately. This represents a particularly accurate detection of skewness.
- the skewness index is determined directly from the determined pressure gradient characteristic values, in particular without an explicit determination of the distribution, in particular without requiring a histogram. In this way, the skewness index can be determined very quickly and with particularly little computing effort.
- the skewness index is preferably determined by subtracting the mean value of the pressure gradient characteristic values from the current pressure gradient characteristic value, with the result normalized to the empirical standard deviation or random sample scatter, raised to the third power, and preferably by forming a mean value, in particular one moving average or using a low-pass filter, is smoothed over several measured values. It is necessary advantageously no explicit determination of the distribution. In particular, both the mean value and the empirical standard deviation can be recursively estimated from the continuously recorded pressure gradient characteristic values. It is only important that the triggering of the injector is kept constant, ie the internal combustion engine runs in particular in a stationary operating state.
- the skewness measure is preferably calculated as the empirical skewness v according to the following equation: where Xi is the current pressure gradient characteristic, x is the mean value of the pressure gradient characteristic, .s is the empirical standard deviation or random sample scatter, and n is the size of the random sample, ie in particular the number of pressure gradient characteristic values considered.
- a combustion chamber pressure variable or a structure-borne noise value is used as the pressure gradient characteristic.
- the pressure gradient parameter can be determined simply and cost-effectively, in particular with a combustion chamber pressure sensor system that is typically built into the internal combustion engine anyway.
- the method is carried out during operation of the internal combustion engine at predetermined time intervals—in particular at predetermined operating hour intervals—or event-controlled, for example initialized by detected knocking events. In this way, safe operation of the internal combustion engine can be permanently guaranteed.
- control unit for an internal combustion engine, which is set up to carry out the method according to the invention or one of the preferred embodiments of the method described above.
- control unit is set up to activate an injector, in particular to specify an energization duration for the injector.
- the control unit is also set up to detect a pressure gradient parameter that is characteristic of a combustion chamber pressure gradient in a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine that is assigned to the injector.
- the control unit is also set up to determine a skewness in a distribution of determined pressure gradient characteristic values and to change or maintain the actuation of the injector depending on the determined skewness.
- the object is also achieved by creating an internal combustion engine that has at least one combustion chamber, an injector being assigned to the combustion chamber in order to introduce fuel into the combustion chamber.
- the injector can be controlled in particular in order to introduce a pre-injection quantity of the fuel into the combustion chamber.
- the injector is operatively connected to a control unit of the internal combustion engine, so that the control unit can control the injector.
- the internal combustion engine also has a pressure gradient sensor that is operatively connected to the control unit and is set up to detect a measured variable from which the control unit can determine a pressure gradient parameter that is characteristic of a combustion chamber pressure gradient in the combustion chamber.
- the pressure gradient sensor is preferably set up to detect a combustion chamber pressure variable or structure-borne noise.
- the pressure gradient sensor can be designed as a structure-borne noise sensor.
- the control device is set up to carry out the method according to the invention or one of the previously described embodiments of the method.
- the control unit is the control unit according to the invention or a control unit according to one of the exemplary embodiments described above.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of an internal combustion engine with an exemplary embodiment of a control device
- FIG. 2 shows a plot of a pressure gradient characteristic against a pre-injection quantity to explain the theoretical background of an embodiment of a method for operating the internal combustion engine
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the method in the form of a flowchart.
- the internal combustion engine 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of an internal combustion engine 1 which has at least one combustion chamber 3 .
- the internal combustion engine 1 is designed here in a preferred embodiment as a reciprocating piston engine, with the combustion chamber 3 being assigned a piston 5 that can be lifted.
- the internal combustion engine 1 preferably has a plurality of combustion chambers 3, which are in particular of identical design.
- An injector 7 is assigned to the combustion chamber 3 and is set up to introduce a fuel into the combustion chamber 3 .
- the injector 7 can be controlled in particular in order to introduce a pre-injection quantity of the fuel into the combustion chamber 3 .
- the internal combustion engine 1 also has a control unit 9, which is operatively connected to the injector 7 for controlling the injector 7, in particular in such a way that the injector 7 can be controlled by the control unit 9 in order to introduce the pre-injection quantity of fuel into the combustion chamber 3.
- Internal combustion engine 1 also has a pressure gradient sensor 11 that is operatively connected to control unit 9 and is set up to detect a measured variable from which control unit 9 can determine a pressure gradient parameter that is characteristic of a combustion chamber pressure gradient in combustion chamber 3.
- the pressure gradient sensor 11 is a structure-borne noise sensor.
- Control unit 9 is preferably set up to specify an energization duration for injector 7 .
- the control unit 9 is also set up to a described in more detail below
- Procedure to perform In this case, a) the injector 7 is activated in order to introduce the pre-injection quantity into the combustion chamber 3, with b) the pressure gradient characteristic being determined for a working cycle of the combustion chamber 3 in which the injector 7 was activated in step a), with c) steps a) and b) are repeated several times, with d) a skewness of a distribution of the pressure gradient characteristic values determined in step c) being determined, and with e) the activation of the injector 7 being changed depending on the skewness determined in step d). or retained.
- steps a) to e) are repeated with the changed activation, this preferably being iterated until the activation in step e) is maintained for the first time.
- a direction of the change in the activation of the injector 7 in step e) is preferably selected depending on whether a previous change in the activation—in the immediately preceding iteration—has influenced the pressure gradient characteristic in the direction of a smaller or in the direction of a larger combustion chamber pressure gradient.
- the skewness of the distribution is preferably compared with a predetermined skewness threshold value, the activation of the injector 7 being changed if the skewness is less than the predetermined skewness threshold value, and the activation of the injector 7 being maintained. when the skew is greater than or equal to the predetermined skew threshold.
- the skewness is preferably determined as a measure of skewness, in particular from the distribution of the pressure gradient characteristic values themselves, or in a particularly preferred embodiment directly from the determined pressure gradient characteristic values, in particular without explicitly determining the distribution.
- a combustion chamber pressure variable or a structure-borne noise value is used as the pressure gradient parameter.
- the method is preferably carried out during the operation of the internal combustion engine 1 at predetermined times or in an event-controlled manner.
- the pressure gradient characteristic value D follows a curve K as a function of the pre-injection quantity, which has a minimum at a specific pre-injection quantity and, on the one hand, decreases with pre-injection quantities than the determined pre-injection quantity Vmin and, on the other hand, to pre-injection quantities greater than the determined pre-injection quantity Vmin.
- the curve K is flat, which makes a classic search for the minimum more difficult.
- a pre-injection quantity distribution of the pre-injection quantities V actually introduced into the combustion chamber 3 results.
- This pre-injection quantity distribution can be assumed to be symmetrical; In particular, this pre-injection quantity distribution can take the form of a bell-shaped curve, in particular a Gaussian bell-shaped curve.
- FIG. 2 now shows a first pre-injection quantity distribution VV1, which results for an activation of the injector 7 in the area of the minimum of the curve K.
- the maximum of the first pre-injection quantity distribution VV1 lies in particular on the determined pre-injection quantity Vmin.
- Due to the course of the curve K a corresponding first pressure gradient characteristic value distribution DV1 now results.
- This has a pronounced skewness with a pronounced shift of its maximum towards small pressure gradient characteristic values, in particular since most pre-injection quantity values within the first pre-injection quantity distribution W1 lead to pressure gradient characteristic values in the area of the minimum.
- there is the pronounced asymmetry and the flat Course of the curve K towards larger pre-injection quantities which ultimately means that virtually the entire right-hand branch of the first pre-injection quantity distribution VV1 is mapped to comparatively small pressure gradient characteristic values.
- the skewness of the distribution of the pressure gradient characteristic values is a suitable measure for determining how close a specific activation of the injector 7 brings the pre-injection quantity V thereby introduced into the range of the minimum of the pressure gradient characteristic brings value.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a method for operating the internal combustion engine 1 in the form of a flow chart.
- the method starts in a first step S1.
- a second step S2 an energization duration BD for the injector 7 is initialized with a predetermined starting value BDStart.
- a pressure gradient characteristic value DKW is determined for the working cycle of combustion chamber 3 in which injector 7 was previously activated in third step S3, pressure gradient characteristic value DKW being characteristic of a combustion chamber pressure gradient in combustion chamber 3 .
- a predetermined number n of repetitions of steps S3, S4 it is queried whether a predetermined number n of repetitions of steps S3, S4 has been carried out. As long as this is not the case, the method is continued in the third step S3; that is, steps S3 to S5 are repeated until the predetermined number n of repetitions is reached.
- the predetermined number n can be 100, for example.
- a total of n pressure gradient characteristic values and insofar also - either explicitly or at least implicitly - receive a distribution of the Druckgradi ent characteristic values.
- a skewness S of the distribution of the pressure gradient characteristic values DKW is determined.
- the skewness S can be determined either after the distribution has been determined from the distribution itself or without explicitly determining the distribution.
- the skewness S is calculated as the empirical skewness v according to equation (1) given above.
- a seventh step S7 the skewness S is compared with a predetermined skewness threshold value SSW. If it is determined that the skew S is not greater than the predetermined skew threshold value SSW, a sign for an otherwise preferably constant, in particular predetermined change value DeltaBD for changing the energization duration BD is determined in an eighth step S8.
- the energization duration BD is redefined as the sum of the previous value of the energization duration BD and the change value DeltaBD for the energization duration, including the sign, ie the change value DeltaBD itself has a sign.
- the method is then continued in the third step S3 with the new value for the energization duration BD determined in the ninth step S9, ie the injector 7 is controlled with the new value for the energization duration BD.
- the sign for the change value DeltaBD is selected in the eighth step S8 depending in particular on whether a last change made to the control led to a greater change in the pressure gradient characteristic, in particular the mean pressure gradient characteristic, than a penultimate one Change of control.
- the sign is changed in comparison to the sign selected in the last change step if the last change made in the energization duration has led to a greater change in the pressure gradient characteristic value than the penultimate change in the energization duration.
- the sign is retained compared to the last change if the last change in the energization period did not result in a greater change in the pressure gradient characteristic than the penultimate change in the energization period.
- the sign for the change value DeltaBD is preferably chosen randomly or initialized in a predetermined manner.
- the amount of the change value DeltaBD and/or the amount of the start value BDStart is/are preferably parameterizable.
- the skew threshold value SSW can preferably be parameterized.
- the method ends in a tenth step S10.
- the method is preferably repeated overall during the operation of the internal combustion engine 1 at predetermined time intervals or in an event-controlled manner.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020210625.8A DE102020210625B4 (de) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine, Steuergerät für eine Brennkraftmaschine, und Brennkraftmaschine |
| PCT/EP2021/072823 WO2022038129A1 (de) | 2020-08-20 | 2021-08-17 | Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennkraftmaschine, steuergerät für eine brennkraftmaschine, und brennkraftmaschine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4200524A1 true EP4200524A1 (de) | 2023-06-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21762478.2A Withdrawn EP4200524A1 (de) | 2020-08-20 | 2021-08-17 | Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennkraftmaschine, steuergerät für eine brennkraftmaschine, und brennkraftmaschine |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230193846A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4200524A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN115885098A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020210625B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022038129A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10343069B4 (de) * | 2003-09-17 | 2005-09-29 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Quantifizierung einer Voreinspritzung bei einem Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| DE102007050302A1 (de) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln eines Zylinderdruckmerkmals |
| US7904231B2 (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2011-03-08 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method for controlling combustion noise in a compression-ignition engine |
| DE102008049205A1 (de) | 2008-09-27 | 2010-04-01 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Aussetzerwahrscheinlichkeit einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| FR2938017B1 (fr) * | 2008-11-06 | 2013-03-29 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de controle de la combustion d'un moteur fonctionnant en mode stratifie |
| FR2996600B1 (fr) * | 2012-10-05 | 2014-11-21 | Continental Automotive France | Procede de gestion de la masse de combustible injectee dans un moteur |
-
2020
- 2020-08-20 DE DE102020210625.8A patent/DE102020210625B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2021
- 2021-08-17 EP EP21762478.2A patent/EP4200524A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-08-17 CN CN202180050910.9A patent/CN115885098A/zh active Pending
- 2021-08-17 WO PCT/EP2021/072823 patent/WO2022038129A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2023
- 2023-02-14 US US18/109,587 patent/US20230193846A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102020210625B4 (de) | 2022-07-07 |
| CN115885098A (zh) | 2023-03-31 |
| WO2022038129A1 (de) | 2022-02-24 |
| US20230193846A1 (en) | 2023-06-22 |
| DE102020210625A1 (de) | 2022-02-24 |
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