EP4196807A1 - Verfahren zum bestimmen der überlastfähigkeit eines hochspannungsgeräts - Google Patents
Verfahren zum bestimmen der überlastfähigkeit eines hochspannungsgerätsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4196807A1 EP4196807A1 EP21773607.3A EP21773607A EP4196807A1 EP 4196807 A1 EP4196807 A1 EP 4196807A1 EP 21773607 A EP21773607 A EP 21773607A EP 4196807 A1 EP4196807 A1 EP 4196807A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage device
- transformer
- service life
- data processing
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/62—Testing of transformers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
- G01R19/2513—Arrangements for monitoring electric power systems, e.g. power lines or loads; Logging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
- H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining an overload capacity of at least one high-voltage device, in particular a power transformer.
- overload curves are statically generated based on the specification of each high voltage device. The overload period is defined in advance in such static overload curves and does not take into account a possibly higher overload potential for shorter periods. A determination of the overload capacity with the help of overload curves will be explained later in connection with FIG.
- a method for determining the aging rate of a transformer has become known from DE 10 2007 026 175 B4. According to the previously known method, the aging rate V IEC of a transformer as a high-voltage device is calculated according to IEC standard 60076-7, with the oxygen and moisture content of the insulating liquid of the transformer being taken into account.
- the disadvantage of the method mentioned at the outset is that the operating state of the energy supply network is only insufficiently determined, so that the potential of the high-voltage tion device to be operated with overload, is only insufficiently exploited.
- the object of the invention is therefore to create a method of the type mentioned at the outset, with which the overload capacity of a high-voltage device can be fully exploited.
- the invention solves this problem by a method in which measured values are continuously recorded by sensors that are arranged in or on the high-voltage device, the measured values and/or values derived therefrom are transmitted from the sensors to a communication unit of the high-voltage device via a short-range communication link the communication unit can be connected to a data processing cloud via a long-distance communication link, a load forecast request is created for one or more high-voltage devices for a predetermined period of time and sent to a data processing cloud, at least one status parameter for each high-voltage device is based at least in part on the Measured values and/or the values derived therefrom are determined, the load prediction request and each state parameter are transmitted to a load prediction model at a request time and the load prediction model shows the maximum utilization in the pre- given time period is determined, with a service life of each high-voltage device consumed before the query time being derived from stored measured values while obtaining a service life actually used and the service life actually used being supplied to the load prediction model as a further status parameter,
- the overload capacity is no longer determined on the basis of a roughly estimated overload profile.
- the remaining life duration of the transformer is calculated and saved continuously or at specific time intervals.
- an appropriate storage unit is provided, which can be connected to the load prediction model at the time of the request. While the capacities of the high-voltage device were not fully utilized in the previously known methods, the invention makes it possible to determine the overload capacity of the respective high-voltage device more precisely and to exploit the potential of the transformer almost completely.
- measured values are recorded by sensors that are arranged in or on the respective high-voltage device, with the state parameters being obtained at least partially on the basis of the measured values and/or the values derived therefrom.
- the operating status of a high-voltage device can be precisely recorded.
- measured values and/or values derived from them include, for example, the temperature of an insulating fluid in the upper and lower area of a tank of a power transformer and the winding currents, ie the electrical currents that flow through the low-voltage and/or high-voltage winding.
- measured values and/or values derived from the measured values are also used, which were recorded or derived before the request time.
- so-called dynamic effects can be taken into account and made visible. If, for example, the temperature of an insulating liquid in a transformer as a high-voltage device does not increase continuously, but abruptly, e.g. B. from one minute to the next, this is certainly an indication of a bug that should be fixed as soon as possible. However, such erratic developments should be ruled out when modeling the overload capacity.
- the sensors arranged on or in the respective high-voltage device are advantageously connected to a communication unit via a short-range communication connection.
- the short-range communication link can be a simple cable, for example. Deviating from this, the short-range communication connection is, for example, a ZigBee, Bluetooth, wireless, Ambus or WiFi communication connection.
- the short-range communication link extends a maximum of 100 meters.
- the communication unit preferably has at least one analog and at least one digital input.
- the communication unit has, for example, a main processor and a secondary processor as well as a memory unit in which pre-processed measured values or values derived from them can be stored and processed, e.g. B. by averaging.
- the measured values from different sensors can therefore be shared by a communication unit, e.g. B. be sent to a data processing cloud via a long-range communication link.
- the sensors can in principle be of any design. At least one temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the insulating fluid and at least one current sensor for detecting the winding current of the high-voltage or low-voltage winding are advantageously provided.
- a data processing cloud is to be understood here as meaning an arrangement with one or more data storage devices and one or more data processing devices which can be configured to carry out any data processing processes by suitable programming.
- the data processing devices generally represent universal data processing devices, such as servers, which initially have no specific design in terms of their construction and their programming.
- the universal data processing device can only be upgraded to perform specific functions after programming has been carried out.
- the data processing cloud has a number of individual components, these are connected to one another in a suitable manner for data communication, for example by a communication network. Any data for data storage and/or processing can be supplied to a data processing cloud.
- the data processing cloud itself makes the stored data and/or the events of the data processing carried out available to other devices, for example computer workstations, laptops, smartphones connected to a data processing cloud.
- a data processing cloud can be provided, for example, by a data center or by a number of networked data centers.
- a data processing cloud is usually formed at a distance from the high-voltage devices.
- the connection between the communication unit and the data processing cloud takes place via a long-distance communication link.
- the communication unit has a long-range communication device, such as a mobile radio module based on the GPRS or UMTS standard. This is used to set up a long-distance communication connection, preferably an IP-based data connection, with the data processing cloud.
- a provider of a mobile radio service or a telecommunications provider can be interposed and the long-range communication connection can be established at least partially via a communications network of this provider and/or at least partially via the Internet. There is then only a very small amount of configuration or parameterization work involved in establishing the connection.
- a user can register with the data processing cloud using access data or, in other words, log-in data.
- the data processing cloud uses the user data to identify which high-voltage devices or which communication units are relevant for the user.
- the data processing cloud has an appropriate database that is stored on a memory of the data processing cloud. If the user is, for example, an operator of a specific area or an energy supply network, the data processing cloud recognizes, for example, that the user operates ten transformers.
- Each of these high voltage devices has sensors connected to at least one communication unit.
- the data processing cloud only connects to these communication units, which are referred to below as selected communication units.
- the data processing cloud expediently has a database that can be used to determine which high-voltage devices are assigned to the respective user of the data processing cloud. Additional data is stored in the table, which enables a connection between the data processing cloud and the selected communication units.
- a high-voltage device within the scope of the invention is designed for operation in the high-voltage network, i. H . for an operating voltage between 1 kV and 1000 kV, in particular 50 kV and 800 kV.
- the high-voltage network is preferably an AC voltage network.
- a DC voltage network and/or a combination of AC and DC voltage networks are also possible within the scope of the invention.
- a high-voltage device is, for example, a transformer, in particular a power transformer, a high-voltage bushing or the like.
- At least one memory unit is required in order to be able to provide the measured values and/or values derived from them before the query time.
- this memory unit is provided, for example, in the communication unit.
- the measured values or values derived from them can be saved locally. The locally stored values are then sent to the data processing cloud the next time it is connected to it.
- the used service life of the high-voltage device is continuously determined and stored in a storage unit.
- the state parameters include a parameter that maps the available cooling capacity.
- the cooling capacity is a particularly important variable when calculating the overload capacity, since it has a significant impact on the temperature of the insulating liquid. With a high cooling capacity, the insulating fluid heats up less, thus enabling operation at higher loads.
- a dimensionless state parameter is suitable as a parameter within the scope of the invention.
- the currently available cooling capacity e.g. B. based on the nominal cooling capacity.
- the nominal cooling capacity is specified by the manufacturer.
- the state parameters include a parameter that reflects the weather conditions to which the high-voltage device is exposed.
- Another major factor influencing the overload capacity and the aging process of a transformer are the weather conditions that prevail at the location of the high-voltage device. This is how the I isolator warms up fluid at 35 degrees in the shade and strong sunlight, for example, faster than at night with temperatures below freezing point.
- the database of a weather service can be accessed, for example.
- each electrical device is a transformer, with the state parameters including a parameter that was determined on the basis of a temperature of a cooling liquid of the respective transformer.
- the cooling liquid of the transformer which is arranged in a tank of the transformer, can be detected at several points, for example below or above an arrangement of windings of the transformer or in the area of the windings themselves, and made available to the method will .
- each electrical device is a transformer, with the state parameters comprising a parameter which was determined on the basis of a current flowing through one of the windings of the respective transformer
- the load forecast request can include a forecast of the weather conditions.
- the user of the method according to the invention can contact a weather service himself in order to find out about the weather conditions and then include them in his query.
- the load prediction query expediently includes information about the desired lifetime consumption.
- This variant allows the user to include a condition in their request. This condition affects the desired lifetime consumption. This becomes important, for example, when the high-voltage device is older and only has a low long service life. The user then usually tries to keep the lifetime consumption as low as possible in order to avoid having to quickly replace the old high-voltage device with a new one.
- measured values recorded before the query time and/or values derived from them are stored in a memory of the data processing cloud.
- either only the data processing cloud or the data processing cloud has a storage unit in addition to the communication units.
- This central storage unit is used to store the measured values and/or values derived therefrom, e.g. B. after a long-range communication link between the communication unit and the data processing cloud was established by the user at the time of the query.
- the data processing cloud can contact each communication unit at fixed intervals in order to access locally stored data in order to store them on the larger central storage unit. Overflowing of the local memory of the communication units is thus avoided.
- Access data are, for example, usual log-in data.
- the access data consists of a user name and a password that is individually assigned to the user name.
- the geographic location of the respective communication unit and the high-voltage device connected to it are determined by means of an antenna for position determination, which is arranged in the communication unit, and the weather conditions are determined by a weather news service on the basis of the geographic data.
- the weather conditions on site do not have to be recorded in a complex manner. Rather, within the scope of the invention anyway - z. B. data available on the internet can be accessed . The data on the weather conditions obtained in this way can also be taken into account when calculating the actual service life.
- the load prediction model can indicate the expected lifetime consumption.
- the method is repeated continuously at predetermined time intervals and the overload capacity obtained is made available to a user.
- the user can be warned in advance of an excessive overload, so that he can take the necessary countermeasures.
- the data processing cloud has a storage unit on which measured values and/or values derived from the measured values are continuously stored, which are transmitted by the communication units via a long-distance communication link.
- the long-range communication link can be continuous or, in other words, permanent. Deviating from this, however, it is also possible within the scope of the invention to set up the long-range communication connection at certain intervals in order to transmit data blocks from measured values that were recorded between query intervals and stored locally.
- each communication unit is equipped with an antenna for position determination.
- Figure 1 shows an overload curve of a transformer according to the prior art
- Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment from the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a transformer with a communication unit and data processing cloud.
- FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of an overload curve of a transformer introduced above, the time in hours being plotted on the abscissa and the load capacity of the said transformer in relation to the nominal power being plotted on the ordinate.
- the overload curve shown was drawn up after the manufacture of the transformer assigned to it on the basis of test measurements on the said transformer and made available to the customer.
- said transformer can be operated for 2 hours with an overload of 120% based on the nominal power (100%). Subsequently, operation with an overload of 110% is possible for 3 hours.
- the overload operation is always constant, ie 2 hours with 120% of the rated power and 3 hours with 11% of the power. In reality, however, this is not the case. Rather, the transformer is not continuously over the said 2 hours 120% overload operated. Rather, there are fluctuations in the said 2 hours. For example, in reality it is possible to operate at rated power for more than 20 minutes, at 80% of rated power for 10 minutes, at 70% of rated power for 30 minutes and at an overload of 120% of rated power for 60 minutes . Of course, this different load has an effect on the service life or the aging of the transformer. In other words, the potential of the transformer is not fully exploited.
- Transformers as electrical devices according to the invention are key components of electrical supply networks.
- the failure of a transformer can lead to extreme losses and even to power failures. Transformers are therefore well monitored.
- a "fever curve" of the transformer is recorded, for example, in order to obtain information about the current load and service life in this way.
- the hot spot or hot spot temperature can be determined from measurements of the temperature of the insulating fluid and from the measurement of the winding current. As already stated above leads, the service life of the transformer can be determined from the hot-spot temperature.
- the invention is based on the idea that the temperature of the cooling liquid or, in other words, the insulating fluid and the winding current are continuously observed anyway. With regard to digitization, it is also probable that these measured variables or data derived from them will be transmitted from the respective high-voltage device to a data processing cloud, with the data processing cloud continuously calculating the service life from the data made available to it of the transformer in question and can make this quantity available, for example to a load prediction model.
- FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of the method 1 according to the invention, which is shown schematically in FIG.
- a load prediction model 2 is shown that receives a load prediction request 2 at a request time.
- the load prediction request 2 contains the question of how much overload the transformer can be operated with in 2 hours for 8 hours if the lifetime consumption is to be 110%. This refers to the lifetime consumption (100%) that arises when the transformer is operated at rated power.
- status parameters 4 are transmitted to the load forecast model 2 , with the status parameters 4 in the exemplary embodiment shown comprising the temperature of the insulating fluid in the upper region of the transformer and the winding current.
- Other status parameters relate to the available cooling capacity and the predicted weather conditions at the location of the transformer.
- the service life 5 used so far is supplied to the load prediction model 2 as a status parameter.
- the service life that has already been used is by no means roughly estimated within the scope of the invention. Rather, the required service life is continuously determined on the basis of measured values and stored in a storage unit 6 . This spent lifetime is referred to herein as the actual spent lifetime. On the basis of the service life actually used, which is determined in this way, or in other words the service life consumption recorded in this way, it is possible within the scope of the invention for the load prediction model 2 to determine the overload capacity of the transformer more precisely.
- the load prediction model On the output side, the load prediction model generates the statement 7 that the maximum possible overload operation is in the desired period. Furthermore, the load prediction model indicates the expected lifetime consumption 8 in the desired period.
- FIG. 3 shows a diagrammatically illustrated transformer 9 with its three bushings 10, which are supported on a tank of the transformer 11. At their end facing away from the boiler 11 , the bushings 10 have a so-called outdoor connection for connecting an air-insulated high-voltage line of an energy supply network.
- Each bushing 10 has an internal high voltage conductor that extends through a hollow insulator. The insulator and the high-voltage conductor penetrate the upper wall of the tank 11 of the transformer 9 and their free end extends into the oil chamber of the tank 11 .
- the high-voltage conductor of each bushing 10 can thus be connected to the respective high-voltage winding of the transformer 9 .
- Each high-voltage winding is arranged concentrically with a low-voltage winding through which extends one leg of a magnetizable core. High-voltage and low-voltage windings are thus inductively coupled to one another.
- the tank 11 of the transformer 9 is filled with an insulating fluid, which serves to insulate and cool the windings and the core, which are at high voltage during operation.
- the transformer also has a cooling unit which, however, is not shown in the figures.
- the transformer 9 is equipped with temperature sensors, which are arranged inside the tank 11 for detecting the temperature of the insulating fluid and are therefore not shown in the figures.
- Each temperature sensor is connected via a short-range communication link 12 to a communication unit 13 attached to the transformer 9, the short-range communication link 12 in this case being a cable.
- the communication unit 13 is in turn connected to a data processing cloud 15 via a long-range communication link 14 .
- the measured temperature values recorded by the temperature sensors are sent to the communication unit 13 via the short-range communication link 12 .
- This transmits the measured temperature values to the data processing cloud 15 via the long-range communication link 14 .
- the data processing cloud 15 has the memory 6 illustrated in FIG. 2 and calculates the consumed service life using the measured temperature values recorded and the winding currents recorded according to the above-mentioned standard. In this way, the lifetime consumption of the transformer 9 is continuously determined and is available to the load prediction model 2 according to FIG. 2 if required.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
- Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020212254.7A DE102020212254A1 (de) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Überlastfähigkeit eines Hochspannungsgeräts |
| PCT/EP2021/074839 WO2022069179A1 (de) | 2020-09-29 | 2021-09-09 | Verfahren zum bestimmen der überlastfähigkeit eines hochspannungsgeräts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4196807A1 true EP4196807A1 (de) | 2023-06-21 |
Family
ID=77864605
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21773607.3A Withdrawn EP4196807A1 (de) | 2020-09-29 | 2021-09-09 | Verfahren zum bestimmen der überlastfähigkeit eines hochspannungsgeräts |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12298359B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4196807A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020212254A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022069179A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120596850B (zh) * | 2025-07-14 | 2026-01-06 | 内蒙古电力勘测设计院有限责任公司 | 一种变压器的寿命预测方法及装置 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007026175B4 (de) | 2007-06-05 | 2009-10-01 | Areva Energietechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Alterung eines elektrischen Transformators |
| US8924033B2 (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2014-12-30 | Alstom Grid Inc. | Generalized grid security framework |
| US8521337B1 (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2013-08-27 | Calm Energy Inc. | Systems and methods for operating electrical supply |
| WO2015027127A1 (en) | 2013-08-23 | 2015-02-26 | Abb Inc. | Oil-immersed transformed thermal monitoring and prediction system |
| WO2016066373A1 (en) | 2014-10-27 | 2016-05-06 | Landis+Gyr (Europe) Ag | A method, system and assembly for determining a reduction of remaining service lifetime of an electrical device during a specific time period of operation of the electrical device |
| US10739396B2 (en) * | 2016-10-03 | 2020-08-11 | General Electric Technology Gmbh | Enhanced disturbance management of a power grid system |
| CN106874534A (zh) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-06-20 | 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司检修分公司 | 一种变压器过载能力评估方法 |
| HRP20230924T1 (hr) * | 2019-03-28 | 2023-11-24 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Postupak za utvrđivanje kapaciteta preopterećenja visokonaponskog uređaja |
-
2020
- 2020-09-29 DE DE102020212254.7A patent/DE102020212254A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2021
- 2021-09-09 US US18/029,172 patent/US12298359B2/en active Active
- 2021-09-09 EP EP21773607.3A patent/EP4196807A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-09-09 WO PCT/EP2021/074839 patent/WO2022069179A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022069179A1 (de) | 2022-04-07 |
| US12298359B2 (en) | 2025-05-13 |
| DE102020212254A1 (de) | 2022-03-31 |
| US20230273270A1 (en) | 2023-08-31 |
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