EP4189236A1 - Eolienne a axe verticale avec ossature de renfort - Google Patents
Eolienne a axe verticale avec ossature de renfortInfo
- Publication number
- EP4189236A1 EP4189236A1 EP21745357.0A EP21745357A EP4189236A1 EP 4189236 A1 EP4189236 A1 EP 4189236A1 EP 21745357 A EP21745357 A EP 21745357A EP 4189236 A1 EP4189236 A1 EP 4189236A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- wind turbine
- axis
- base
- frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N flonicamid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=NC=C1C(=O)NCC#N RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor the axis being vertical
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/10—Stators
- F05B2240/14—Casings, housings, nacelles, gondels or the like, protecting or supporting assemblies there within
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/30—Wind power
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vertical axis wind turbine.
- wind turbines In the field of the production of electrical energy by wind turbines, it is known to use vertical wind turbines.
- Such wind turbines comprise a rotor, comprising in particular blades, the rotational movement of which takes place around a vertical axis, as well as a generator, generally placed in the base of the wind turbine.
- the power generated depends on the overall shape of the blades but also on their height, and therefore on the height of the rotor axis. If this last height is too great, it may be necessary to maintain the axis in its vertical position by means of appropriate devices, such as guy wires, which take up the forces exerted on the upper part of the axis.
- appropriate devices such as guy wires, which take up the forces exerted on the upper part of the axis.
- the disadvantage of these stabilization devices is that they increase the footprint of the wind turbine.
- these wind turbines can be exposed to gusts or gusts, which can stress the axis of the rotor in bending and/or in torsion.
- Document SI25160A also describes a vertical axis wind turbine, provided with a protective grid connected to the upper part of the rotor axis, but without a device for connecting to the lower part of the rotor axis.
- the invention relates to a vertical axis wind turbine.
- the wind turbine rotor has a vertical axis that extends between a lower end and an upper end.
- the rotor is mounted on a base having an upper surface.
- the wind turbine is moreover equipped with a rigid framework with respect to the base and of height substantially equal to that of the aerial part of the axis of the rotor, that is to say the part of the axis of the rotor located above the base.
- the uprights of the frame are arranged to form polygons contained in at least two vertical planes and at least one horizontal plane different from the upper surface of the base.
- At least one crosspiece is fixed to the frame, so that its direction is contained in a horizontal plane, and secant with the axis of the rotor near the upper end of the axis of the rotor.
- This crosspiece is therefore located in a horizontal plane close to the upper end of the axis of the rotor, and is provided with a device for guiding the rotor in rotation.
- the uprights are in particular thus arranged so that the frame is highly rigid, not very deformable due to a bending or torsion constraint with respect to the axis of the rotor.
- the upper surface of the base is called the plane of the base if this upper surface is flat.
- the wind turbine is reinforced in torsion and/or in bending with respect to the axis of the rotor and with respect to the wear of the bearing or of the guide device in equivalent rotation ensuring the pivot connection of the rotor with respect to the base at the level of the lower part of the axis of the rotor.
- At least one additional crosspiece is fixed to the frame.
- the direction of this additional crosspiece is contained in a horizontal plane secant with the axis of the rotor near the lower end of the aerial part of the rotor axis, and this additional crosspiece is fixed to the frame.
- This complementary crosspiece is further provided with a device for guiding the rotor in rotation, for example a bearing.
- the frame is formed of at least two rectangular frames contained in planes whose intersection is vertical.
- the rectangular frames are linked by means of at least two crosspieces, called "lateral" crosspieces of horizontal directions, so that these frames form between them a fixed dihedral angle.
- the frame is formed of at least two rectangular frames contained in parallel vertical planes. These frames are linked via at least two lateral crosspieces of horizontal directions. The directions of the side rails are orthogonal to the planes of the rectangular frames.
- the frame is based on a parallelepiped geometry which not only ensures satisfactory resistance of the frame against deformation under the effect of the forces that it takes up, but also to define an internal volume in the framework sufficient to allow the rotation of blades having a large size.
- the wind turbine is equipped with one or more cylinder portions with a vertical axis, linked to the frame so that these portions generally form a cylinder whose bases are hollowed out and whose lateral surface has a honeycomb structure, forming a grid substantially permeable to air.
- honeycomb structure maintains sufficient airflow to maintain satisfactory wind turbine power.
- the grid contributes to stiffening the framework and therefore to allowing the absorption of significant forces. The life of the wind turbine is thus increased.
- connection between at least a cylinder portion and the frame is of the recessed type.
- the cylinder portion is made integral with the frame, which allows a good recovery of effort.
- this embedding connection can be temporary, so as to allow post-assembly of the grid and/or its dismantling if necessary, for example for maintenance operations on the rotor.
- the quadratic moment in bending of the frame with respect to one (or more) direction(s) perpendicular(s) to the vertical axis of rotation of the rotor is of the same order of magnitude as the sum quadratic bending moments with respect to this (or these) direction(s) perpendicular to the vertical axis of rotation of the rotor of the cylinder portions.
- the materials constituting the frame and the cylinder portions as well as their geometries can be chosen in this sense.
- the framework to reinforce the rotor and the cylinder portions to reinforce the assembly formed by the rotor and the framework with respect to bending stresses with respect to one or more directions perpendicular to its axis of rotation. rotation to which these different elements may be exposed, and therefore to increase the life of the wind turbine, but also to make it usable in a wider range of weather conditions.
- the quadratic torsional moment of the frame relative to the vertical axis of rotation of the rotor is of the same order of magnitude as the sum of the quadratic torsional moments relative to the vertical axis of rotation of the rotor of the cylinder portions.
- This arrangement allows the frame to reinforce the rotor and the cylinder portions to reinforce the assembly formed by the rotor and the frame with respect to the torsional stresses relative to its axis of rotation to which they may be exposed. , and therefore to increase the life of the wind turbine but also to make it usable in a more varied range of weather conditions.
- the geometry of the cells, that is to say the mesh, of the honeycomb structure resists compression along the axis of the rotor.
- This arrangement allows the honeycomb structure to take up compressive forces along the axis of the rotor, and therefore to reinforce the frame of the rotor with respect to a compressive stress in the direction of its axis of rotation.
- the solid surface of the side surface of the honeycomb structure represents at least 20% of the side surface of the cylinder in which it is inserted.
- the solid surface of the side surface of the honeycomb structure represents at most 40% of the side surface of the cylinder in which it is inserted.
- the characteristic dimensions of the cells of the honeycomb structure are chosen so that the honeycomb structure forms a substantially air-permeable grid and limits access to the rotor to human beings and/or birds and /or mammals larger than a predetermined size limit.
- the invention also relates to a method of assembling a vertical axis wind turbine comprising: a. at least one vertical axis rotor extending between a lower end and an upper end is provided, and mounted on a base having an upper surface, b. we equip the wind turbine with a frame
- the main crosspiece is fixed to the framework, the direction of the main crosspiece being contained in a horizontal plane and secant with the axis of the rotor near the upper end of the axis of the rotor, the main crosspiece being provided with a device for guiding the rotor in rotation.
- the framework and at least one main crosspiece are adapted to be assembled in post-equipment.
- the main cross may in particular consist of two elements allowing its assembly / disassembly without dismantling the bearing of the rotor.
- the wind turbine in the assembly process, is equipped with one or more vertical axis cylinder portions, linked to the framework so that these portions generally form a cylinder whose bases are hollowed out and whose lateral surface has a honeycomb structure, forming a grid substantially permeable to air.
- FIG. 1 represents a vertical axis wind turbine provided with a framework according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a top view of this wind turbine.
- FIG. 3 is a front view of the base of the wind turbine equipped with the frame assembled with the cylinder portions.
- FIG. 4 is a top view of the base of the wind turbine equipped with the frame assembled with the cylinder portions.
- FIG. 5 shows the assembly steps of a crosspiece 108 consisting of two symmetrical parts 108a and 108b.
- FIG. 6 represents a front view of the wind turbine assembled with the cylinder portions.
- the 100 wind turbine for which the framework is provided is a vertical axis wind turbine.
- a wind turbine has a base 101, for example cylindrical or parallelepipedic, in which it is possible to place a generator 102, as well as transmission elements such as elastic coupling elements, gears or pulleys and belt, a flywheel inertia, a brake, etc.).
- the base has an upper surface, above which is the so-called “air” part of the rotor.
- This upper surface may be flat, and in this case will be called the "base plane”.
- a rotor is mounted in pivot connection with a vertical axis, comprising at least one axis 103 of which blades 104 are integral.
- the geometry of the blades 104 can be freely chosen. By way of non-limiting examples, it may be a wind turbine of the Darrieus or Savonius type.
- a framework 105 is fixed to the base 101, by means of screws or any other device making it possible to create a recessed connection.
- Frame 105 surrounds the rotor over a significant fraction of its height.
- the internal volume of the framework 105 is sufficient for the rotation of the blades 104 not to be hindered when the framework is fixed on the base.
- the frame 105 consists of two rectangular frames 106 of the same height, vertical and parallel linked together at their upper uprights by two horizontal crosspieces 107, called “side crosspieces", so that the frame 105 forms a hollow rectangular parallelepiped and as little deformable as possible after connection to the base 101.
- the framework 105 can be made up of vertical uprights of the same height, linked by lateral horizontal crosspieces 107 so as to form, after fixing on the base, a right hollow prism, with a polygonal base, for example triangular.
- the frame 105 thus formed is non-deformable.
- Undeformable framework means a framework whose angles between the various uprights and/or crosspieces are constant or almost constant for normal use of the wind turbine. In this sense, a triangulated beam or a square lattice provided with an upright along its diagonal are non-deformable in tension and in compression. [67] The frame 105 described here is not articulated which contributes to its non-deformable nature.
- the vertical uprights of the frame 105 are connected to lateral horizontal crosspieces 107 only at their upper ends, the base then replacing the lateral horizontal crosspieces 107 necessary at the level of the lower part vertical uprights to stiffen the frame.
- the frame 105 can be assembled a posteriori on a vertical wind turbine 100, the frames 106 or uprights and the side crosspieces 107 being assembled one after the other.
- the framework 105 is for example formed of a metallic or non-metallic material, such as fiberglass.
- this frame 105 On the upper part of this frame 105 is fixed at least one crosspiece 108, called “main crosspiece", the direction of which intersects that of the axis of rotation 103 and comprising in the middle of its length a guide device 110 allowing to guide the rotor in rotation at the level of the upper part of the axis of the rotor.
- main crosspiece On the upper part of this frame 105 is fixed at least one crosspiece 108, called “main crosspiece", the direction of which intersects that of the axis of rotation 103 and comprising in the middle of its length a guide device 110 allowing to guide the rotor in rotation at the level of the upper part of the axis of the rotor.
- this guide device is a bearing.
- the main crosspiece 108 also makes it possible to take up part of the bending and/or torsion forces which are exerted on the axis 103 of the rotor and to distribute them over the frame 105. This arrangement therefore makes it possible to reinforce the wind turbine with respect to a bending and/or torsion stress with respect to the axis 103 of rotation of the rotor.
- each main crosspiece 108 consists of two symmetrical parts, among which a first part 08a and a second part 108b are defined, which are assembled on either side of the axis of rotation 103.
- This arrangement makes it possible in particular to assemble the framework 105, comprising the uprights or frames 106 and the side crosspieces 107, as well as the main crosspiece(s) 108 a posteriori on a wind turbine with a vertical axis 100.
- one or more guide elements 110 may have been mounted beforehand on the axis 103 in anticipation of a subsequent installation of the frame 105 and the main crosspieces 108.
- this guide element 110 can be installed post-assembly, in same time as the main crosspiece 108 in which it is to be placed.
- main crosspieces 108 may be provided.
- two main crosspieces 108 can be arranged so that they are orthogonal to each other. This arrangement makes it possible to obtain a recovery of forces and a more isotropic reinforcement.
- a crosspiece 109 called “complementary” may be provided.
- a complementary crosspiece 109 is identical to a main crosspiece 108 but arranged in a horizontal plane close to the lower end of the aerial part - that is to say located above the base 101 - of the axis 103 of the rotor.
- An additional crosspiece 109 guides the axis 103 of the rotating rotor and takes up part of the forces exerted on the axis 103 of the rotor in bending and/or rotation to return them to the frame 105.
- This crosspiece complementary 109 therefore contributes to the reinforcement of the wind turbine 100 in bending and/or torsion with respect to its axis of rotation 103 and to limiting the wear of the bearings, or other devices for guiding in rotation, of the axis 103 of the rotor.
- additional crosspieces 109 may be provided.
- two complementary crosspieces 109 can be arranged so that they are orthogonal to each other. This arrangement makes it possible to obtain a recovery of the forces and a reinforcement of the wind turbine 100 which is more isotropic.
- additional crosspieces similar to an additional crosspiece 109, distributed along the axis of the rotor between the main crosspiece(s) 108 and the or the additional crosspieces 109.
- each complementary crosspiece 109 is made according to the same principle as a main crosspiece 108 of two symmetrical parts, among which a first part 109a and a second part 109b are defined, which come together on either side of the axis of rotation 103. This arrangement makes it possible in particular to assemble the framework 105 and an additional crosspiece 109 a posteriori on a wind turbine with a vertical axis 100.
- one or more guide elements 110 may have been mounted beforehand on the axis 103 in anticipation of a subsequent installation of one or more additional crosspieces 109, so as to allow the post - assembly of the framework 105 and the complementary crosspieces 109.
- the nature of the materials constituting the framework 105 and the main crosspieces 108 and, where applicable, the additional crosspieces 109 or even the additional crosspieces, as well as the sections of the uprights of the framework and the crosspieces are chosen so that the quadratic moments in bending and/or in torsion with respect to the axis of the rotor of the frame assembly + main crosspiece(s) 108 and, where applicable, additional crosspiece(s) (s) 109 and/or additional(s) are high enough to reinforce the rotor in torsion and/or in bending in the range of stresses to which it is subjected when the wind turbine 100 operates due to its position and the winds to which it is exposed.
- the wind turbine 100 is also equipped with portions of cylinder 301 with a vertical axis, for example two half-cylinders. These portions of cylinders are fixed to the framework 105, for example by means of screws distributed over the uprights of the framework 105.
- the cylinder portions 301 constitute a right cylinder with the axis of the rotor axis and whose bases are hollowed out and whose lateral surface has a honeycomb structure 601.
- the cells of the honeycomb structure 601 allow the passage of air so that it can effectively rotate the blades 104 of the wind turbine.
- the geometry of the cells, the material and its thickness in particular can be chosen according to criteria of mechanical reinforcement and/or air permeability and/or aesthetics.
- the surface of the cells is thus chosen so that the performance of the wind turbine remains satisfactory. To do this, it is possible, for example, to limit the full fraction of the side surface of the cylinder formed by the cylinder portions 301 to 40% on the upper side.
- cells can take the form of circles, hexagons or parallelograms.
- the material, the geometry and/or the dimensions of the cells can be chosen so that the quadratic moments in bending and/or in torsion with respect to the axis 103 of the rotor of all the cylinder portions 301 are high enough to reinforce the rotor in torsion and/or in bending in the range of stresses to which it is subjected when the wind turbine 100 operates due to its position and the winds to which it is exposed.
- the quadratic bending moments with respect to one or more directions perpendicular to the axis of the rotor 103 of all the cylinder portions and of the frame + main crosspiece(s) assembly ( s)108 and, where applicable, additional crosspiece(s)109 and/or additional(s) are of the same order of magnitude, so that each of these two assemblies contributes substantially to the reinforcement of the wind turbine in bending with respect to to this axis.
- the quadratic moments in torsion with respect to the axis of the rotor 103 of all the cylinder portions and of the frame assembly + main crosspiece(s) 108 and the case optional crosspiece(s) complementary(s) 109 and/or additional(s) are of the same order of magnitude, so that each of these two assemblies contributes substantially to the reinforcement of the wind turbine 100 in torsion with respect to this axis.
- the honeycomb structure 601 can for example be metallic or non-metallic (composite material or other) and the fraction of solid surface relative to the lateral surface of the cylinder in which it fits can be limited to less than 20%.
- the geometry of the cells can be fixed so that all of the cylinder portions 301, once assembled on the wind turbine 100, withstand compressive forces along the axis of the cylinder in a particular range.
- the dimensions of the mesh of the cells can be chosen to prevent the contact of certain living beings, such as human beings, birds or even small mammals with the rotating parts of the rotor.
- This arrangement allows the framework + cylinder portions assembly to simultaneously have a wind turbine reinforcement effect and a protective effect against the risk of injury due to the rotation of the wind turbine blades.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2008085A FR3113098B1 (fr) | 2020-07-30 | 2020-07-30 | Eolienne a axe verticale avec ossature de renfort |
PCT/EP2021/070633 WO2022023190A1 (fr) | 2020-07-30 | 2021-07-23 | Eolienne a axe verticale avec ossature de renfort |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4189236A1 true EP4189236A1 (fr) | 2023-06-07 |
Family
ID=73643018
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21745357.0A Pending EP4189236A1 (fr) | 2020-07-30 | 2021-07-23 | Eolienne a axe verticale avec ossature de renfort |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4189236A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3113098B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022023190A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3260732B2 (ja) * | 1999-11-01 | 2002-02-25 | 正治 三宅 | 風力発電装置 |
US20120292912A1 (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2012-11-22 | Median Wind, Llc | Wind power generation system and method |
JP5684264B2 (ja) * | 2010-08-20 | 2015-03-11 | 株式会社Winpro | 風力発電装置 |
SI25160A (sl) | 2016-03-07 | 2017-09-29 | Boris Sakelšek | Vetrna turbina z vertikalno osjo |
-
2020
- 2020-07-30 FR FR2008085A patent/FR3113098B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-07-23 WO PCT/EP2021/070633 patent/WO2022023190A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2021-07-23 EP EP21745357.0A patent/EP4189236A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3113098A1 (fr) | 2022-02-04 |
FR3113098B1 (fr) | 2022-11-04 |
WO2022023190A1 (fr) | 2022-02-03 |
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