EP4185674A1 - Lubricating composition for a motor vehicle drive train - Google Patents

Lubricating composition for a motor vehicle drive train

Info

Publication number
EP4185674A1
EP4185674A1 EP21745344.8A EP21745344A EP4185674A1 EP 4185674 A1 EP4185674 A1 EP 4185674A1 EP 21745344 A EP21745344 A EP 21745344A EP 4185674 A1 EP4185674 A1 EP 4185674A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wear
weight
lubricating composition
chosen
sulfur
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21745344.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Goulven BOUVIER
Hakim EL-BAHI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TotalEnergies Onetech SAS
Original Assignee
TotalEnergies Onetech SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TotalEnergies Onetech SAS filed Critical TotalEnergies Onetech SAS
Publication of EP4185674A1 publication Critical patent/EP4185674A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/32—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds
    • C10M135/36—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
    • C10M137/105—Thio derivatives not containing metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M153/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M153/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/003—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/04—Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C10N2030/43—Sulfur free or low sulfur content compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of lubricating compositions, in particular for motor vehicles, in particular for lubricating the transmission components of motor vehicles, in particular the gears of the transmissions of thermal or electric motors.
  • Flaking occurs after a long time of aging, preceding visible deterioration.
  • the mechanisms are not well known, but the phenomenon starts with the initiation of cracks at a certain depth under the surface, these cracks propagate, and when cracks normal to the surface are created, scales are detached suddenly.
  • the prevention of this phenomenon passes by a reduction of the stresses of contact thanks to an appropriate geometry of the parts, and by the reduction of the frictions, by avoiding adhesion.
  • the lubricating composition intervenes in this prevention process, mainly through the physico-chemical reactivity of its additives.
  • Sulphur, phosphorus or borate anti-wear and extreme pressure additives are generally added to give transmission oils protective properties against chipping.
  • the other additives present in the lubricating composition can also have an impact, positive or negative, on the propagation of cracks inside the parts and therefore on the spalling phenomenon.
  • the lubricating composition used in the transmission components may deteriorate.
  • WO 2010/126760 describes a lubricating composition comprising a base oil and a polymer of phosphorus ester type comprising the product of the condensation reaction of an acid or phosphorus ester with a diol where the two hydroxy functions are separated by a chain. from 4 to 100 carbon atoms.
  • Document WO 2016/089565 describes a lubricating composition comprising a base oil and a phosphite ester composition comprising the product of the condensation reaction of a phosphorus acid or ester with at least two diols.
  • the present invention relates to a lubricating composition
  • a lubricating composition comprising:
  • each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 can be chosen independently of each other from C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, Cl -20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers and Y-OH;
  • Y is chosen from the groups C2-C40 alkylene, C2-C40 alkyl lactone, -R 7 -N(R 8 )-R 9 - , in which R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently of each other chosen from hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, Cl -20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers,
  • - m is an integer ranging from 2 to 100
  • the polymer of formula (I) has a weight-average molecular mass of less than 30,000 g/mol, preferably ranging from 5,000 to 20,000 g/mol.
  • the phosphite polymer represents from 0.01 to 10% by weight of the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the lubricating composition comprises from 5 to 9150 ppm by weight of phosphorus, preferably from 5 to 4500 ppm by weight of phosphorus, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the lubricating composition further comprises at least one anti-wear additive chosen from phosphorus anti-wear, sulfur anti-wear, phospho-sulfur anti-wear, phospho-amine anti-wear, sulphur-amine anti-wear, and mixtures thereof.
  • the lubricating composition comprises from 0.01 to 5% by weight of anti-wear additive(s) chosen from phosphorus anti-wear, sulfur anti-wear, phospho-sulfur anti-wear, phospho-amine anti-wear, sulphur-amine anti-wear, and their mixture, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • anti-wear additive(s) chosen from phosphorus anti-wear, sulfur anti-wear, phospho-sulfur anti-wear, phospho-amine anti-wear, sulphur-amine anti-wear, and their mixture, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the lubricating composition comprises from 5 to 4000 ppm by weight of sulfur, preferably from 7 to 1000 ppm by weight of sulfur, more preferably from 10 to 800 ppm by weight of sulfur, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the lubricating composition comprises: from 70 to 99% by weight of one or more base oil(s), and from 0.01 to 10% by weight of phosphite polymer, optionally from 0.01 to 5% by weight of anti-wear additive(s) chosen from phosphorus anti-wear, sulfur anti-wear, phospho-sulfur anti-wear, phospho-amine anti-wear, sulfur-amine anti-wear, and their mixture, optionally from 1 to 30% by weight of one or more functional additives, preferably chosen from viscosity index improver additives, antioxidant additives, antifoam additives, dispersants, detergents, modifier additives of viscosity, and their mixture, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • anti-wear additive(s) chosen from phosphorus anti-wear, sulfur anti-wear, phospho-sulfur anti-wear, phospho-amine anti-wear, sulfur-amine anti-wear, and their mixture
  • one or more functional additives preferably chosen from viscosity index improver additives, antioxidant additives,
  • the invention also relates to the use of a phosphite polymer in a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, to improve the load capacity of the lubricating composition, the phosphite polymer corresponding to the formula (I): [Chem 1 ] in which,
  • each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 can be chosen independently of each other from C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, Cl -20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers and Y-OH;
  • Y is chosen from the groups C2-C40 alkylene, C2-C40 alkyl lactone, -R 7 -N(R 8 )-R 9 - , in which R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently of each other chosen from hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, Cl -20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers,
  • - m is an integer ranging from 2 to 100
  • - n is an integer ranging from 1 to 1000.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the composition according to the invention, for lubricating at least one mechanical part of a motor vehicle, preferably present in a transmission member of a motor vehicle, preferably a gear of a motor vehicle.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention has the advantage of having very good properties for reducing the phenomenon of flaking, in particular when it is implemented under heavy load and high speed.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention also has good durability.
  • the expressions “between ... and !, “ranging from ... to ! and “varying from ... to " are equivalent and are intended to mean that the Terminals are included unless otherwise stated.
  • the present invention relates to a lubricating composition
  • a lubricating composition comprising:
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one phosphite polymer corresponding to formula (I):
  • each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 can be chosen independently of each other from C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C 7 -C 40 cycloalkenyl , methoxy glycol alkyl ethers, Cl - 20 and Y-OH (serving terminal group);
  • Y is selected from the group alkylene, C 2 -C 40 alkyl lactone C 2 -C 40, -R 7 -N (R 8) - R 9 - wherein R 7, R 8 and R 9 are independently from each other chosen from hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, C1-20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers,
  • - m is an integer ranging from 2 to 100
  • alkyl is understood to mean a linear or branched noncyclic hydrocarbon-based chain, saturated, optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms, such as oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms.
  • the alkyls consist of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
  • alkenyl is understood to mean a linear or branched non-cyclic hydrocarbon-based, unsaturated chain, optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms, such as oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms.
  • the alkenyls consist of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
  • cycloalkyl means a saturated monocyclic or polycyclic group optionally having one or more alkyl or alkenyl substituents, said ring(s) may themselves be substituted by one or more heteroatoms, such as atoms of oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur.
  • the cycloalkyls consist of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
  • cycloalkenyl means a monocyclic or polycyclic unsaturated group optionally having one or more alkyl or alkenyl substituents, said ring(s) may themselves be substituted by one or more heteroatoms, such as atoms of oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur.
  • the cycloalkenyls consist of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
  • a “Ci-Cj” group is a group comprising from i to j carbon atoms.
  • the Y group is chosen from alkylene comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably from 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • m ranges from 4 to 100.
  • the phosphite polymer of formula (I) has a weight-average molecular mass of less than 30,000 g/mol, preferably ranging from 3,000 to 20,000 g/mol.
  • the weight average molecular mass can be measured by size exclusion chromatography.
  • the phosphite polymer of formula (I) has a number-average molecular mass of less than 10,000 g/mol, preferably ranging from 1000 to 5000 g/mol.
  • the number average molecular weight can be measured by size exclusion chromatography.
  • the phosphite polymer of formula (I) has a polydispersity index ranging from 1 to 5, preferably ranging from 2 to 4.
  • the phosphite polymer of formula (I) contains less than 2% by weight, preferably less than 1% by weight, or even less than 0.7% by weight of (alkyl)phenol group, relative to the total weight of the phosphite polymer of formula (I).
  • the phosphite polymer of formula (I) is completely free of aromatic groups other than (alkyl)phenol groups.
  • the phosphite polymer is in liquid form.
  • the phosphite polymer has a phosphorus content ranging from 0.5 to 20% by weight, preferably from 1 to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the phosphite polymer.
  • the phosphite polymer used in the invention can be obtained according to the process described in the document WO2011102861.
  • the polymer can be obtained according to the process described in paragraphs 27 to 32 of this document.
  • the synthesis of the polymers of formula (I) generally involves transesterification in which triphenyl phosphite (or any other suitable alkyl or aryl phosphite) may be reacted with a saturated or unsaturated alcohol or a polyethylene ether or of polypropylene glycol and a diol or a polymer diol H(OY) m OH where Y and m are as defined above with an appropriate basic catalyst at a temperature between 20°C and 250°C, and preferably at a temperature between between 50°C and 185°C.
  • Non-limiting examples of saturated or unsaturated alcohols include decyl, isodecyl, lauryl, tridecyl, isotridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, stearyl, isostearyl , oleic, monohydroxylated glycol ethers.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises from 0.01 to 10% by weight of phosphite polymer(s), relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • Base oil(s) Base oil
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises one or more base oils, preferably in a content of at least 70% by weight, preferably ranging from 70 to 99% by weight, more preferably from 80 to 98% by weight , preferably from 85 to 95% by weight, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • base oils can be chosen from the base oils conventionally used in the field of lubricating oils, such as mineral, synthetic or natural, animal or vegetable oils or mixtures thereof.
  • the base oils of the lubricating compositions considered according to the invention may in particular be oils of mineral or synthetic origin belonging to groups I to V according to the classes defined in the API classification (or their equivalents according to the ATIEL classification) and presented in Table 1 below or mixtures thereof.
  • Mineral base oils include all types of base oils obtained by atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil, followed by refining operations such as solvent extraction, de-alpha removal, solvent dewaxing, hydrotreating, hydrocracking, hydroisomerization and hydrofinishing .
  • Blends of synthetic and mineral oils, which may be biosourced, can also be used.
  • the base oils of the compositions used according to the invention can also be chosen from synthetic oils, such as certain esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols, polyalphaolefins (PAO), and polyalkylene glycol (PAG) obtained by polymerization or copolymerization of alkylene oxides comprising from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, in particular from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • synthetic oils such as certain esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols, polyalphaolefins (PAO), and polyalkylene glycol (PAG) obtained by polymerization or copolymerization of alkylene oxides comprising from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, in particular from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • the PAOs used as base oils are for example obtained from monomers comprising from 4 to 32 carbon atoms, for example from octene or decene.
  • the weight average molecular weight of PAO can vary quite widely. Preferably, the weight-average molecular mass of the PAO is less than 600 Da.
  • the weight-average molecular mass of the PAO can also range from 100 to 600 Da, from 150 to 600 Da, or even from 200 to 600 Da.
  • the base oil or oils of the lubricating composition according to the invention can be chosen from group II or III base oils.
  • the oil or base oils of the composition implemented according to the invention are chosen from polyalphaolefins (PAO), polyalkylene glycol (PAG) and esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols.
  • PAO polyalphaolefins
  • PAG polyalkylene glycol
  • esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols are chosen from polyalphaolefins (PAO), polyalkylene glycol (PAG) and esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols.
  • the anti-wear additives optionally used in the lubricating composition according to the invention are chosen from phosphorus anti-wear, sulfur anti-wear, phospho-sulphur anti-wear, and mixtures thereof. It should be noted that the anti-wear additive optionally added to the lubricating composition according to the invention will typically be different from the phosphite polymer of formula (I).
  • a "phosphorus anti-wear” will designate an anti-wear comprising at least one phosphorus atom and not comprising sulfur, said phosphorus anti-wear may optionally comprise one or more nitrogen atoms (in addition carbon and hydrogen atoms). In this case, it can then be referred to as "phosphorus-amine anti-wear”.
  • a "sulfur anti-wear” will designate an anti-wear comprising at least one sulfur atom and not comprising phosphorus, said phosphorus anti-wear may optionally comprise one or more nitrogen atoms (in addition carbon and hydrogen atoms). In this case, it can then be referred to as “sulphur-amine anti-wear”.
  • a "phosphor-sulfur anti-wear” will designate an anti-wear comprising at least one phosphorus atom and at least one sulfur atom, said phospho-sulphur anti-wear may optionally comprise one or more atoms nitrogen (in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms). In this case, it can then be referred to as “sulphur-amine anti-wear”.
  • phosphorus anti-wear additives of phosphates, phosphites and phosphonates. These terms denote both phosphoric, phosphorous and phosphonic acids, their mono, di and triesters, for example alkyl phosphates, alkyl phosphonates, and their salts, for example amines.
  • the phospho-sulfur anti-wear additives optionally used in the present invention can be (mono or di) thiophosphates and thiophosphites, these terms including thiophosphoric and thiophosphorous acids, the esters of these acids, their salts, dithiophosphites and dithiophosphates.
  • salts of esters of thiophosphoric acid and of thiophosphorous acid are those obtained by reaction with a nitrogenous compound such as ammonia or an amine or zinc oxide or zinc chloride.
  • the anti-wear additive(s) used in the invention are chosen from phospho-sulfur anti-wear, sulfur-amine anti-wear, and mixtures thereof.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.01 to 5% by weight of anti-wear additive(s), preferably from 0.05 to 3% by weight of additive(s). ) anti-wear, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the quantity of anti-wear additives may be adapted in order to obtain a phosphorus content ranging from 5 to 9150 ppm by weight in the lubricating composition.
  • the phosphorus content in the lubricating composition according to the invention ranges from 5 to 4500 ppm by weight, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the inventors have discovered that the combination of the phosphite polymer of formula (I) and a phosphorus, sulfur or phospho-sulfur anti-wear additive makes it possible to increase the durability of the lubricating composition comprising said combination.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may also further comprise all types of functional additives, distinct from the phosphite polymer and anti-wear additives defined in the context of the present invention, suitable for use in a lubricant for motor vehicles, in particular for manual or automatic transmission of motor vehicles.
  • Such additives can be chosen from detergents, dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, anti-foaming agents, heat improvers. viscosity index, and mixtures thereof.
  • composition according to the invention comprises at least one functional additive chosen from detergents, dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming agents, viscosity index improvers, and mixtures thereof.
  • these additional functional additives represent (in total) from 1 to 30% by weight, preferably from 1.5 to 25% by weight, preferably from 2 to 20% by weight, of the weight total of the lubricating composition.
  • additives can be introduced separately and/or in the form of a mixture similar to those already available for sale for formulations of commercial lubricants for vehicle engines, with a performance level as defined by T ACEA (Association European Automobile Manufacturers) and/or TAPI (American Petroleum Institute), well known to those skilled in the art.
  • T ACEA Association European Automobile Manufacturers
  • TAPI American Petroleum Institute
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise at least one antioxidant additive.
  • the antioxidant additive generally makes it possible to delay the degradation of the composition in service. This degradation can in particular result in the formation of deposits, in the presence of sludge or in an increase in the viscosity of the composition.
  • Antioxidant additives act in particular as free radical inhibitors or destroyers of hydroperoxides.
  • antioxidant additives commonly employed, mention may be made of antioxidant additives of the phenolic type, antioxidant additives of the amine type, phosphosulfur antioxidant additives. Some of these antioxidant additives, for example phosphosulfur antioxidant additives, can be ash generators.
  • the phenolic antioxidant additives may be ash-free or may be in the form of neutral or basic metal salts.
  • the antioxidant additives can in particular be chosen from sterically hindered phenols, sterically hindered phenol esters and sterically hindered phenols comprising a thioether bridge, diphenylamines, diphenylamines substituted with at least one CI 2 alkyl group, N,N '-dialkyl-aryl-diamines and mixtures thereof.
  • the sterically hindered phenols are chosen from compounds comprising a phenol group of which at least one carbon vicinal to the carbon bearing the alcohol function is substituted by at least one Ci-Cio alkyl group, preferably an alkyl group C I -C O , preferably a C4 alkyl group, preferably by the tert-butyl group.
  • Amino compounds are another class of antioxidant additives that can be used, possibly in combination with phenolic antioxidant additives.
  • amino compounds are aromatic amines, for example aromatic amines of formula NR 10 R U R 12 in which R 10 represents an aliphatic group or an optionally substituted aromatic group, R 11 represents an optionally substituted aromatic group, R 12 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a group of formula R 13 S(0) z R 14 in which R 13 represents an alkylene group or an alkenylene group, R 14 represents an alkyl group, a alkenyl group or an aryl group and z represents 0, 1 or 2
  • Sulfurized alkyl phenols or their alkali and alkaline earth metal salts can also be used as antioxidant additives.
  • antioxidant additives are that of copper compounds, for example copper thio- or dithio-phosphates, salts of copper and carboxylic acids, dithiocarbamates, sulphonates, phenates, copper acetylacetonates. Copper I and II salts, succinic acid or anhydride salts can also be used.
  • copper compounds for example copper thio- or dithio-phosphates, salts of copper and carboxylic acids, dithiocarbamates, sulphonates, phenates, copper acetylacetonates.
  • Copper I and II salts, succinic acid or anhydride salts can also be used.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may contain all types of antioxidant additives known to those skilled in the art.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one ash-free antioxidant additive.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.5 to 2% by weight of at least one antioxidant additive, relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one detergent additive.
  • Detergent additives generally reduce the formation of deposits on the surface of metal parts by dissolving secondary products of oxidation and combustion.
  • detergent additives which can be used in the lubricating composition according to the invention are generally known to those skilled in the art.
  • Detergent additives can be anionic compounds comprising a long lipophilic hydrocarbon chain and a hydrophilic head.
  • the associated cation can be a metal cation of an alkali or alkaline earth metal.
  • the detergent additives are preferably chosen from alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, sulfonates, salicylates, naphthenates, as well as phenate salts.
  • the alkali and alkaline-earth metals are preferably calcium, magnesium, sodium or barium.
  • These metallic salts generally comprise the metal in a stoichiometric quantity or else in excess, therefore in a quantity greater than the narrow stoichiometric quantity.
  • These are then overbased detergent additives; the excess metal providing the overbased character to the detergent additive is then generally in the form of an oil-insoluble metal salt, for example a carbonate, a hydroxide, an oxalate, an acetate, a glutamate, preferentially a carbonate .
  • the lubricating composition suitable for the invention may for example comprise from 0.5 to 4% by weight of detergent additive, relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise at least one dispersing agent.
  • the dispersant will make it possible to ensure the maintenance in suspension and the evacuation of the insoluble solid contaminants constituted by the secondary products of oxidation which are formed when the lubricating composition is in service.
  • the dispersing agent can be chosen from Mannich bases or compounds of succinimide type, such as polyisobutylene succinimide (PIBSI).
  • PIBSI polyisobutylene succinimide
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may, for example, comprise from 0.2 to 10% by weight of dispersing agent(s), relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one antifoaming agent.
  • the antifoaming agent can be chosen from silicones.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.01 to 2% by mass or from 0.01 to 5% by mass, preferably from 0.1 to 1.5% by mass or from 0.1 to 2% by mass of agent antifoam, relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one pour point depressant additive (also called “PPD” agents for “Pour Point Depressant” in English).
  • pour point depressants By slowing down the formation of paraffin crystals, pour point depressants generally improve the cold behavior of the composition.
  • pour point depressant additives mention may be made of polyalkyl methacrylates, polyacrylates, polyarylamides, polyalkylphenols, polyalkylnaphthalenes, alkylated polystyrenes.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one viscosity index improver (VI improver).
  • VI improvers include polymethacrylates, polyisobutenes or fatty acid esters. When they are present, these additives can represent from 1 to 25% by weight, of the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the phosphite polymer and, where appropriate, the anti-wear and extreme-pressure additive can be added to an oil or mixture of base oils, then the other optional additional additives, added .
  • the phosphite polymer and, where applicable, the anti-wear and extreme-pressure additive can be added to a pre-existing conventional lubricant formulation, comprising in particular one or more base oils, and optionally additional additives.
  • the phosphite polymer and, where appropriate, the anti-wear and extreme-pressure additive defined in the present invention can be combined with one or more additional additives when they are present, and the "package" of additives thus formed added to an oil or a mixture of base oils.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention has a kinematic viscosity, measured at 40° C. according to the ASTM D445 standard, ranging from 5 to 300 mm 2 /s, in particular from 10 to 25 mm 2 /s.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention has a kinematic viscosity, measured at 100° C. according to the ASTM D445 standard, ranging from 1 to 20 mm 2 /s, in particular from 2 to 15 mm 2 /s.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises, or even consists of:
  • viscosity index modifiers optionally one or more additional additives chosen from viscosity index modifiers, detergents, dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, anti-foaming agents and mixtures thereof.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises, or even consists of:
  • one or more functional additives preferably chosen from index modifiers viscosifiers, detergents, dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming agents and mixtures thereof.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises from 5 to 9150 ppm by weight of phosphorus, preferably from 5 to 4500 ppm by weight of phosphorus, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises from 5 to 4000 ppm by weight of sulfur, preferably from 7 to 1000 ppm by weight of sulfur, more preferably from 10 to 800 ppm by weight of sulfur, by relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of the phosphite polymer as defined previously in a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, in order to improve the load capacity of said lubricating composition.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of the lubricating composition according to the invention for lubricating the transmissions of motor vehicles, in particular the gears of the transmissions.
  • Transmissions can be manual or automatic transmissions.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention is used to reduce the wear of a mechanical part of a motor vehicle transmission, in particular of a motor vehicle gear.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the wear of the gears of the transmissions.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention is used to reduce the spalling of a mechanical part of a motor vehicle transmission, in particular of a motor vehicle gear.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention is used to both reduce wear and reduce spalling of a mechanical part of a motor vehicle transmission, in particular of a vehicle gear. automobiles.
  • the invention also relates, according to another of its aspects, to a method for lubricating at least one part of a transmission of a motor vehicle, in particular a gear of a motor vehicle, comprising at least one step bringing at least said part into contact with a lubricating composition as described above.
  • the invention also relates, according to another of its aspects, to a process for improving the durability of a lubricating composition, said process comprising a step of mixing at least one phosphite polymer of formula (I) as defined in the present invention, with at least one base oil, preferably said polymer is further mixed with an anti-wear additive as defined in the present invention.
  • All of the characteristics and preferences described for the lubricating composition according to the invention as well as for its uses also apply to these processes.
  • the particular, advantageous or preferred characteristics of the composition according to the invention make it possible to define uses according to the invention which are also particular, advantageous or preferred.
  • Example 1 Preparation of the lubricating compositions
  • the lubricating compositions were prepared by mixing the ingredients at a temperature of approximately 40° C., according to methods well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the lubricating compositions which were prepared and tested are detailed in Table 2 below.
  • the elemental phosphorus and sulfur contents were calculated according to the elemental contents in the ingredients and are also indicated in Table 2 in ppm by weight. Finally, the kinematic viscosities at 40°C and at 100°C were determined by the ASTM D445 method and are indicated in Table 2.
  • the base oils are group III base oils
  • the phosphite polymer corresponds to formula (I) and comprises 4.50% by weight of phosphorus and zero sulphur, it has a weight-average molecular mass of approximately 10,000 g/mol and a number-average molecular mass of approximately 3000 g/mol, it can be obtained for example according to the method described in example 2 of document WO 2011/102861,
  • the phosphorus anti-wear is a tert-butylphenyl phosphate (not corresponding to formula (I)), comprising 8.10% by weight of phosphorus and zero sulfur, - the phospho-sulfur anti-wear is of the phosphorothionate and comprises 9.30% by weight phosphorus and 19.80% by weight sulfur,
  • the sulphur-amine anti-wear is of the dimercaptothiadiazole type, and comprises 30% by weight of sulfur and 4.04% by weight of nitrogen,
  • the dispersant is a PIBSI dispersant comprising 3.20% by weight of nitrogen and zero boron, zero sulfur and zero phosphorus,
  • - G antioxidant is an alkylated diphenylamine antioxidant
  • the detergent is an overbased calcium sulfonate detergent
  • the additive package contains a pour point improver and a defoamer.
  • composition Cil according to the invention has a better load capacity than the composition CCI.
  • Compositions CI2, C3 and C4 exhibit very good load capacity. These load capacity values demonstrate the very good durability of the lubricating composition, in particular for use in transmissions.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a lubricating composition containing at least one base oil and at least one phosphite polymer having the formula (I) wherein - each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 can be independently selected from the C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, C1-20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers and Y-OH groups; - Y is selected from among the C2-C40 alkylene, C2-C40 alkyl lactone groups; -R7-N(R8)-R9-, wherein R7, R8 and R9 are independently selected from among hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, C1-20 methoxy alkyl glycol éthers; - m is an integer from 2 to 100; - n is an integer from 1 to 1000.

Description

Description Description
Titre : Composition lubrifiante pour transmission automobile. Title: Lubricant composition for automobile transmission.
Domaine technique Technical area
La présente invention concerne le domaine des compositions lubrifiantes, en particulier pour véhicules automobiles, notamment pour lubrifier les organes de transmissions des véhicules automobiles, en particulier les engrenages des transmissions de moteurs thermiques ou électriques. The present invention relates to the field of lubricating compositions, in particular for motor vehicles, in particular for lubricating the transmission components of motor vehicles, in particular the gears of the transmissions of thermal or electric motors.
Etat de la technique State of the art
Les organes de transmissions des véhicules automobiles fonctionnent sous forte charge et vitesses élevées. Les huiles pour ces transmissions doivent donc être particulièrement performantes dans la protection des pièces contre l'usure et la fatigue, et notamment protéger les dents d'engrenage contre le phénomène d'écaillage. Motor vehicle transmission components operate under heavy load and high speeds. The oils for these transmissions must therefore be particularly effective in protecting the parts against wear and fatigue, and in particular protecting the gear teeth against the phenomenon of chipping.
L'écaillage se produit après un long temps de vieillissement, précédant les détériorations visibles. Les mécanismes sont mal connus, mais le phénomène démarre par l'amorçage de fissures à une certaine profondeur sous la surface, ces fissures se propagent, et lorsque des fissures normales à la surface se créent, des écailles se détachent brutalement. Flaking occurs after a long time of aging, preceding visible deterioration. The mechanisms are not well known, but the phenomenon starts with the initiation of cracks at a certain depth under the surface, these cracks propagate, and when cracks normal to the surface are created, scales are detached suddenly.
La prévention de ce phénomène passe par une diminution des contraintes de contact grâce à une géométrie appropriée des pièces, et par la réduction des frottements, en évitant l'adhésion. La composition lubrifiante intervient dans ce processus de prévention, principalement par la réactivité physico chimique de ses additifs. The prevention of this phenomenon passes by a reduction of the stresses of contact thanks to an appropriate geometry of the parts, and by the reduction of the frictions, by avoiding adhesion. The lubricating composition intervenes in this prevention process, mainly through the physico-chemical reactivity of its additives.
On ajoute généralement des additifs anti usure et extrême pression soufrés, phosphorés, ou boratés, pour conférer aux huiles pour transmission des propriétés de protection contre l'écaillage. Les autres additifs présents dans la composition lubrifiante peuvent également avoir un impact, positif ou négatif, sur la propagation des fissures à l'intérieur des pièces et donc sur le phénomène d'écaillage. Sulphur, phosphorus or borate anti-wear and extreme pressure additives are generally added to give transmission oils protective properties against chipping. The other additives present in the lubricating composition can also have an impact, positive or negative, on the propagation of cracks inside the parts and therefore on the spalling phenomenon.
Au cours de son utilisation, la composition lubrifiante mise en œuvre dans les organes de transmission, peut être amenée à se détériorer. During its use, the lubricating composition used in the transmission components may deteriorate.
C’est donc un objet de la présente invention que de fournir une composition permettant de lubrifier les organes de transmissions manuelles ou automatiques en particulier les engrenages de transmission de moteurs thermiques ou électriques, ladite composition présentant en outre une bonne durabilité. Le document WO 2010/126760 décrit une composition lubrifiante comprenant une huile de base et un polymère de type ester phosphoré comprenant le produit de la réaction de condensation d’un acide ou ester phosphoré avec un diol où les deux fonctions hydroxy sont séparées par une chaîne de 4 à 100 atomes de carbone. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a composition for lubricating manual or automatic transmission members, in particular the transmission gears of heat or electric motors, said composition further having good durability. Document WO 2010/126760 describes a lubricating composition comprising a base oil and a polymer of phosphorus ester type comprising the product of the condensation reaction of an acid or phosphorus ester with a diol where the two hydroxy functions are separated by a chain. from 4 to 100 carbon atoms.
Le document WO 2016/089565 décrit une composition lubrifiante comprenant une huile de base et une composition phosphite ester comprenant le produit de la réaction de condensation d’un acide ou ester phosphoré avec au moins deux diols. Document WO 2016/089565 describes a lubricating composition comprising a base oil and a phosphite ester composition comprising the product of the condensation reaction of a phosphorus acid or ester with at least two diols.
Ces deux documents ne visent pas les propriétés de capacité de charge et ne décrivent pas spécifiquement le polymère phosphite de formule (I) tels que définis dans la présente invention. These two documents do not relate to the load capacity properties and do not specifically describe the phosphite polymer of formula (I) as defined in the present invention.
Résumé de l’invention Summary of the invention
Plus précisément, la présente invention concerne une composition lubrifiante comprenant : More specifically, the present invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising:
- au moins une huile de base, - at least one base oil,
- au moins un polymère phosphite de formule (I) : - at least one phosphite polymer of formula (I):
[Chem 1] dans laquelle, [Chem 1] in which,
- chacun des R1, R2, R3 et R4 peuvent être choisis indépendamment les uns des autres parmi les groupements C1-C20 alkyle, C3-C22 alkényle, C6-C40 cycloalkyle, C7-C40 cycloalkényle, Cl -20 méthoxy alkyl glycol éthers et Y-OH; - each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 can be chosen independently of each other from C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, Cl -20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers and Y-OH;
- Y est choisi parmi les groupements C2-C40 alkylène, C2-C40 alkyl lactone, -R7-N(R8)-R9- , dans lequel R7, R8 et R9 sont indépendamment les uns des autres choisis parmi hydrogène, C1-C20 alkyle, C3-C22 alkényle, C6-C40 cycloalkyle, C7-C40 cycloalkényle, Cl -20 méthoxy alkyl glycol éthers, - Y is chosen from the groups C2-C40 alkylene, C2-C40 alkyl lactone, -R 7 -N(R 8 )-R 9 - , in which R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently of each other chosen from hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, Cl -20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers,
- m est un entier allant de 2 à 100, - m is an integer ranging from 2 to 100,
- n est un entier allant de 1 à 1000. Selon un mode de réalisation, le polymère de formule (I) présente une masse moléculaire moyenne en poids inférieure à 30000 g/mol, de préférence allant de 5000 à 20000 g/mol. - n is an integer ranging from 1 to 1000. According to one embodiment, the polymer of formula (I) has a weight-average molecular mass of less than 30,000 g/mol, preferably ranging from 5,000 to 20,000 g/mol.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le polymère phosphite représente de 0.01 à 10% en poids du poids total de la composition lubrifiante. According to one embodiment, the phosphite polymer represents from 0.01 to 10% by weight of the total weight of the lubricating composition.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante comprend de 5 à 9150 ppm en poids de phosphore, de préférence de 5 à 4500 ppm en poids de phosphore, par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante. According to one embodiment, the lubricating composition comprises from 5 to 9150 ppm by weight of phosphorus, preferably from 5 to 4500 ppm by weight of phosphorus, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante comprend en outre au moins un additif anti-usure choisi parmi les anti-usure phosphoré, les anti-usure soufrés, les anti-usure phospho-soufré, les anti-usure phospho-aminé, les anti-usure soufré-aminé, et leur mélange. According to one embodiment, the lubricating composition further comprises at least one anti-wear additive chosen from phosphorus anti-wear, sulfur anti-wear, phospho-sulfur anti-wear, phospho-amine anti-wear, sulphur-amine anti-wear, and mixtures thereof.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante comprend de 0,01 à 5% en poids d’additif(s) anti-usure choisi parmi les anti-usure phosphoré, les anti-usure soufrés, les anti-usure phospho-soufré, les anti-usure phospho-aminé, les anti-usure soufré-aminé, et leur mélange, par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante. According to one embodiment, the lubricating composition comprises from 0.01 to 5% by weight of anti-wear additive(s) chosen from phosphorus anti-wear, sulfur anti-wear, phospho-sulfur anti-wear, phospho-amine anti-wear, sulphur-amine anti-wear, and their mixture, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante comprend de 5 à 4000 ppm en poids de soufre, de préférence de 7 à 1000 ppm en poids de soufre, de préférence encore de 10 à 800 ppm en poids de soufre, par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante. According to one embodiment, the lubricating composition comprises from 5 to 4000 ppm by weight of sulfur, preferably from 7 to 1000 ppm by weight of sulfur, more preferably from 10 to 800 ppm by weight of sulfur, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante comprend : de 70 à 99% en poids d’une ou plusieurs huile(s) de base, et de 0,01 à 10% en poids de polymère phosphite, éventuellement de 0,01 à 5% en poids d’additif(s) anti-usure choisi parmi les anti usure phosphoré, les anti-usure soufrés, les anti-usure phospho-soufré, les anti-usure phospho-aminé, les anti-usure soufré-aminé, et leur mélange, éventuellement de 1 à 30% en poids d’un ou plusieurs additifs fonctionnels, de préférence choisi parmi les additifs améliorant l’indice de viscosité, les additifs antioxydants, les additifs antimousse, les dispersants, les détergents, les additifs modificateur de viscosité, et leur mélange, par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante. L’invention concerne également l’utilisation d’un polymère phosphite dans une composition lubrifiante comprenant au moins une huile de base, pour améliorer la capacité de charge de la composition lubrifiante, le polymère phosphite répondant à la formule (I) : [Chem 1] dans laquelle, According to one embodiment, the lubricating composition comprises: from 70 to 99% by weight of one or more base oil(s), and from 0.01 to 10% by weight of phosphite polymer, optionally from 0.01 to 5% by weight of anti-wear additive(s) chosen from phosphorus anti-wear, sulfur anti-wear, phospho-sulfur anti-wear, phospho-amine anti-wear, sulfur-amine anti-wear, and their mixture, optionally from 1 to 30% by weight of one or more functional additives, preferably chosen from viscosity index improver additives, antioxidant additives, antifoam additives, dispersants, detergents, modifier additives of viscosity, and their mixture, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition. The invention also relates to the use of a phosphite polymer in a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, to improve the load capacity of the lubricating composition, the phosphite polymer corresponding to the formula (I): [Chem 1 ] in which,
- chacun des R1, R2, R3 et R4 peuvent être choisis indépendamment les uns des autres parmi les groupements C1-C20 alkyle, C3-C22 alkényle, C6-C40 cycloalkyle, C7-C40 cycloalkényle, Cl -20 méthoxy alkyl glycol éthers et Y-OH; - each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 can be chosen independently of each other from C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, Cl -20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers and Y-OH;
- Y est choisi parmi les groupements C2-C40 alkylène, C2-C40 alkyl lactone, -R7-N(R8)-R9- , dans lequel R7, R8 et R9 sont indépendamment les uns des autres choisis parmi hydrogène, C1-C20 alkyle, C3-C22 alkényle, C6-C40 cycloalkyle, C7-C40 cycloalkényle, Cl -20 méthoxy alkyl glycol éthers, - Y is chosen from the groups C2-C40 alkylene, C2-C40 alkyl lactone, -R 7 -N(R 8 )-R 9 - , in which R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently of each other chosen from hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, Cl -20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers,
- m est un entier allant de 2 à 100, - m is an integer ranging from 2 to 100,
- n est un entier allant de 1 à 1000. - n is an integer ranging from 1 to 1000.
L’invention concerne également l’utilisation de la composition selon l’invention, pour lubrifier au moins une pièce mécanique d’un véhicule automobile, de préférence présente dans un organe de transmission d’un véhicule automobile, de préférence un engrenage d’un véhicule automobile. The invention also relates to the use of the composition according to the invention, for lubricating at least one mechanical part of a motor vehicle, preferably present in a transmission member of a motor vehicle, preferably a gear of a motor vehicle.
La composition lubrifiante selon l’invention présente l’avantage d’avoir de très bonnes propriétés pour réduire le phénomène d’écaillage, en particulier lorsqu’elle est mise en œuvre sous forte charge et des vitesse élevées. The lubricating composition according to the invention has the advantage of having very good properties for reducing the phenomenon of flaking, in particular when it is implemented under heavy load and high speed.
La composition lubrifiante selon l’invention présente également une bonne durabilité. Dans la suite du texte, les expressions « compris entre ... et ... », « allant de ... à ... » et « variant de ... à ... » sont équivalentes et entendent signifier que les bornes sont incluses, sauf mention contraire. The lubricating composition according to the invention also has good durability. In the rest of the text, the expressions "between ... and ...", "ranging from ... to ..." and "varying from ... to ..." are equivalent and are intended to mean that the Terminals are included unless otherwise stated.
Sauf indication contraire, les quantités dans un produit sont exprimées en poids, par rapport au poids total du produit. Unless otherwise indicated, the quantities in a product are expressed by weight, relative to the total weight of the product.
Description détaillée detailed description
La présente invention concerne une composition lubrifiante comprenant : The present invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising:
- au moins une huile de base, - at least one base oil,
- au moins un polymère phosphite répondant à la formule (I), - at least one phosphite polymer corresponding to the formula (I),
- éventuellement au moins un additif anti-usure. - optionally at least one anti-wear additive.
Polymère phosphite Phosphite polymer
La composition lubrifiante selon l’invention comprend au moins un polymère phosphite répondant à la formule (I) : The lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one phosphite polymer corresponding to formula (I):
[Chem 1] dans laquelle, [Chem 1] in which,
- chacun des R1, R2, R3 et R4 peuvent être choisis indépendamment les uns des autres parmi les groupements alkyle en C1-C20, alkényle en C3-C22, cycloalkyle en C6-C40, cycloalkényle en C7-C40, méthoxy alkyl glycol éthers en Ci -20 et Y-OH (servant de groupe terminal) ;- each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 can be chosen independently of each other from C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C 7 -C 40 cycloalkenyl , methoxy glycol alkyl ethers, Cl - 20 and Y-OH (serving terminal group);
- Y est choisi parmi les groupements alkylène en C2-C40, alkyl lactone en C2-C40, -R7-N(R8)- R9-, dans lequel R7, R8 et R9 sont indépendamment les uns des autres choisis parmi hydrogène, alkyle en C1-C20, alkényle en C3-C22, cycloalkyle en C6-C40, cycloalkényle en C7-C40, méthoxy alkyl glycol éthers en Ci -20, - Y is selected from the group alkylene, C 2 -C 40 alkyl lactone C 2 -C 40, -R 7 -N (R 8) - R 9 - wherein R 7, R 8 and R 9 are independently from each other chosen from hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, C1-20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers,
- m est un entier allant de 2 à 100, - m is an integer ranging from 2 to 100,
- n est un entier allant de 1 à 1000. Au sens de la présente invention, on entend par « alkyle » une chaîne linéaire ou ramifiée non cyclique hydrocarbonée, saturée, comprenant éventuellement un ou plusieurs hétéroatomes, tel que des atomes d’oxygène, d’azote ou de soufre. De préférence, les alkyles sont constitués d’atomes de carbone et d’hydrogène. - n is an integer ranging from 1 to 1000. Within the meaning of the present invention, the term “alkyl” is understood to mean a linear or branched noncyclic hydrocarbon-based chain, saturated, optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms, such as oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms. Preferably, the alkyls consist of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Au sens de la présente invention, on entend par « alkényle » une chaîne linéaire ou ramifiée non cyclique hydrocarbonée, insaturée, comprenant éventuellement un ou plusieurs hétéroatomes, tel que des atomes d’oxygène, d’azote ou de soufre. De préférence, les alkényles sont constitués d’atomes de carbone et d’hydrogène. Within the meaning of the present invention, the term "alkenyl" is understood to mean a linear or branched non-cyclic hydrocarbon-based, unsaturated chain, optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms, such as oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms. Preferably, the alkenyls consist of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Au sens de la présente invention, on entend par « cycloalkyle » un groupement monocyclique ou polycyclique saturé présentant éventuellement un ou plusieurs substituants alkyle ou alkényle, ledit ou lesdits cycles peuvent eux-mêmes être substitués par un ou plusieurs hétéroatomes, tel que des atomes d’oxygène, d’azote ou de soufre. De préférence, les cycloalkyles sont constitués d’atomes de carbone et d’hydrogène. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "cycloalkyl" means a saturated monocyclic or polycyclic group optionally having one or more alkyl or alkenyl substituents, said ring(s) may themselves be substituted by one or more heteroatoms, such as atoms of oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur. Preferably, the cycloalkyls consist of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Au sens de la présente invention, on entend par « cycloalkényle » un groupement monocyclique ou polycyclique insaturé présentant éventuellement un ou plusieurs substituants alkyle ou alkényle, ledit ou lesdits cycles peuvent eux-mêmes être substitués par un ou plusieurs hétéroatomes, tel que des atomes d’oxygène, d’azote ou de soufre. De préférence, les cycloalkényles sont constitués d’atomes de carbone et d’hydrogène. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "cycloalkenyl" means a monocyclic or polycyclic unsaturated group optionally having one or more alkyl or alkenyl substituents, said ring(s) may themselves be substituted by one or more heteroatoms, such as atoms of oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur. Preferably, the cycloalkenyls consist of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Au sens de la présente invention, un groupement « en Ci-Cj » est un groupement comportant de i à j atomes de carbone. Within the meaning of the present invention, a “Ci-Cj” group is a group comprising from i to j carbon atoms.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le groupement Y est choisi parmi les alkylène comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone, de préférence de 2 à 12 atomes de carbone, de préférence encore de 2 à 8 atomes de carbone. According to a preferred embodiment, the Y group is chosen from alkylene comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably from 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
Selon un mode de réalisation, m va de 4 à 100. According to one embodiment, m ranges from 4 to 100.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le polymère phosphite de formule (I) présente une masse moléculaire moyenne en poids inférieure à 30000 g/mol, de préférence allant de 3000 à 20000 g/mol. La masse moléculaire moyenne en poids peut être mesurée par chromatographie d’exclusion stérique. According to one embodiment, the phosphite polymer of formula (I) has a weight-average molecular mass of less than 30,000 g/mol, preferably ranging from 3,000 to 20,000 g/mol. The weight average molecular mass can be measured by size exclusion chromatography.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le polymère phosphite de formule (I) présente une masse moléculaire moyenne en nombre inférieure à 10000 g/mol, de préférence allant de 1000 à 5000 g/mol. La masse moléculaire moyenne en nombre peut être mesurée par chromatographie d’exclusion stérique. According to one embodiment, the phosphite polymer of formula (I) has a number-average molecular mass of less than 10,000 g/mol, preferably ranging from 1000 to 5000 g/mol. The number average molecular weight can be measured by size exclusion chromatography.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le polymère phosphite de formule (I) présente un indice de polydispersité allant de 1 à 5, de préférence allant de 2 à 4. According to one embodiment, the phosphite polymer of formula (I) has a polydispersity index ranging from 1 to 5, preferably ranging from 2 to 4.
De préférence, le polymère phosphite de formule (I) contient moins de 2% en poids, de préférence moins de 1% en poids, voire moins de 0,7% en poids de groupement (alkyl)phénol, par rapport au poids total du polymère phosphite de formule (I). Preferably, the phosphite polymer of formula (I) contains less than 2% by weight, preferably less than 1% by weight, or even less than 0.7% by weight of (alkyl)phenol group, relative to the total weight of the phosphite polymer of formula (I).
De préférence, le polymère phosphite de formule (I) est totalement exempt de groupement aromatique différents des groupements (alkyl)phénol. Preferably, the phosphite polymer of formula (I) is completely free of aromatic groups other than (alkyl)phenol groups.
Typiquement, le polymère phosphite est sous forme liquide. Typically, the phosphite polymer is in liquid form.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le polymère phosphite présente une teneur en phosphore allant de 0,5 à 20% en poids, de préférence de 1 à 10% en poids, par rapport au poids total du polymère phosphite. According to one embodiment, the phosphite polymer has a phosphorus content ranging from 0.5 to 20% by weight, preferably from 1 to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the phosphite polymer.
Le polymère phosphite mis en œuvre dans l’invention peut être obtenu selon le procédé décrit dans le document WO2011102861. En particulier, le polymère peut être obtenu selon le procédé décrit dans les paragraphes 27 à 32 de ce document. The phosphite polymer used in the invention can be obtained according to the process described in the document WO2011102861. In particular, the polymer can be obtained according to the process described in paragraphs 27 to 32 of this document.
La synthèse des polymères de formule (I) implique généralement une transestérification dans laquelle le phosphite de triphényle (ou tout autre phosphite d'alkyle ou d'aryle approprié) pourra être mis à réagir avec un alcool saturé ou insaturé ou un éther de polyéthylène ou de polypropylène glycol et un diol ou un polymère diol H(OY)mOH où Y et m sont tels que définis précédemment avec un catalyseur basique approprié à une température comprise entre 20°C et 250°C, et de préférence à une température comprise entre 50°C et 185°C. Parmi les exemples non limitatifs d'alcools saturés ou insaturés, on peut citer les alcools de décyle, d’isodécyle, de lauryle, de tridécyle, d’isotridécyle, de tétradécyle, de pentadécyle, d’hexadécyle, de stéaryle, d’isostéaryle, oléique, les éthers de glycol monohydroxylés. De préférence, la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention comprend de 0,01 à 10% en poids de polymère(s) phosphite, par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante. Huile (s) de base The synthesis of the polymers of formula (I) generally involves transesterification in which triphenyl phosphite (or any other suitable alkyl or aryl phosphite) may be reacted with a saturated or unsaturated alcohol or a polyethylene ether or of polypropylene glycol and a diol or a polymer diol H(OY) m OH where Y and m are as defined above with an appropriate basic catalyst at a temperature between 20°C and 250°C, and preferably at a temperature between between 50°C and 185°C. Non-limiting examples of saturated or unsaturated alcohols include decyl, isodecyl, lauryl, tridecyl, isotridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, stearyl, isostearyl , oleic, monohydroxylated glycol ethers. Preferably, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises from 0.01 to 10% by weight of phosphite polymer(s), relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition. Base oil(s)
La composition lubrifiante selon l’invention comprend une ou plusieurs huiles de base, de préférence en une teneur d’au moins 70% en poids, de préférence allant de 70 à 99% en poids, de préférence encore de 80 à 98% en poids, préférentiellement de 85 à 95% en poids, par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante. Ces huiles de base peuvent être choisies parmi les huiles de base conventionnellement utilisées dans le domaine des huiles lubrifiantes, telles que les huiles minérales, synthétiques ou naturelles, animales ou végétales ou leurs mélanges. The lubricating composition according to the invention comprises one or more base oils, preferably in a content of at least 70% by weight, preferably ranging from 70 to 99% by weight, more preferably from 80 to 98% by weight , preferably from 85 to 95% by weight, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition. These base oils can be chosen from the base oils conventionally used in the field of lubricating oils, such as mineral, synthetic or natural, animal or vegetable oils or mixtures thereof.
Il peut s’agir d’un mélange de plusieurs huiles de base, par exemple un mélange de deux, trois, ou quatre huiles de base. Les huiles de base des compositions lubrifiantes considérées selon l’invention peuvent être en particulier des huiles d’origines minérales ou synthétiques appartenant aux groupes I à V selon les classes définies dans la classification API (ou leurs équivalents selon la classification ATIEL) et présentées dans le tableau 1 ci-dessous ou leurs mélanges.It can be a mixture of several base oils, for example a mixture of two, three, or four base oils. The base oils of the lubricating compositions considered according to the invention may in particular be oils of mineral or synthetic origin belonging to groups I to V according to the classes defined in the API classification (or their equivalents according to the ATIEL classification) and presented in Table 1 below or mixtures thereof.
[Tableau 1] Les huiles de base minérales incluent tous types d’huiles de base obtenues par distillation atmosphérique et sous vide du pétrole brut, suivies d’opérations de raffinage telles qu’ extraction au solvant, désalphatage, déparaffinage au solvant, hydrotraitement, hydrocraquage, hydroisomérisation et hydrofinition. [Table 1] Mineral base oils include all types of base oils obtained by atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil, followed by refining operations such as solvent extraction, de-alpha removal, solvent dewaxing, hydrotreating, hydrocracking, hydroisomerization and hydrofinishing .
Des mélanges d’huiles synthétiques et minérales, pouvant être biosourcées, peuvent également être employés. Blends of synthetic and mineral oils, which may be biosourced, can also be used.
Il n’existe généralement aucune limitation quant à l’emploi d’huiles de base différentes pour réaliser les compositions mises en œuvre selon l’invention, si ce n’est qu’elles doivent avoir des propriétés, notamment en termes de viscosité, d’indice de viscosité, ou de résistance à l’oxydation, adaptées à une utilisation pour des systèmes de propulsion d’un véhicule électrique ou hybride. There is generally no limitation as to the use of different base oils to produce the compositions used according to the invention, except that they must have properties, in particular in terms of viscosity, viscosity index, or resistance to oxidation, suitable for use for propulsion systems of an electric or hybrid vehicle.
Les huiles de bases des compositions mises en œuvre selon l’invention peuvent également être choisies parmi les huiles synthétiques, telles certains esters d’acides carboxyliques et d’alcools, les polyalphaoléfines (PAO), et les polyalkylène glycol (PAG) obtenus par polymérisation ou copolymérisation d’oxydes d’alkylène comprenant de 2 à 8 atomes de carbone, en particulier de 2 à 4 atomes de carbone. The base oils of the compositions used according to the invention can also be chosen from synthetic oils, such as certain esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols, polyalphaolefins (PAO), and polyalkylene glycol (PAG) obtained by polymerization or copolymerization of alkylene oxides comprising from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, in particular from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
Les PAO utilisées comme huiles de base sont par exemple obtenues à partir de monomères comprenant de 4 à 32 atomes de carbone, par exemple à partir d’octène ou de décène. La masse moléculaire moyenne en poids de la PAO peut varier assez largement. De manière préférée, la masse moléculaire moyenne en poids de la PAO est inférieure à 600 Da. La masse moléculaire moyenne en poids de la PAO peut également aller de 100 à 600 Da, de 150 à 600 Da, ou encore de 200 à 600 Da. The PAOs used as base oils are for example obtained from monomers comprising from 4 to 32 carbon atoms, for example from octene or decene. The weight average molecular weight of PAO can vary quite widely. Preferably, the weight-average molecular mass of the PAO is less than 600 Da. The weight-average molecular mass of the PAO can also range from 100 to 600 Da, from 150 to 600 Da, or even from 200 to 600 Da.
Avantageusement, l’huile ou les huiles de base de la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention peuvent être choisies parmi les huiles de base du groupe II ou III. Advantageously, the base oil or oils of the lubricating composition according to the invention can be chosen from group II or III base oils.
Selon un mode de réalisation alternatif, l’huile ou les huiles de base de la composition mise en œuvre selon l’invention sont choisies parmi les polyalphaoléfines (PAO), les polyalkylène glycol (PAG) et les esters d’acides carboxyliques et d’alcools. According to an alternative embodiment, the oil or base oils of the composition implemented according to the invention are chosen from polyalphaolefins (PAO), polyalkylene glycol (PAG) and esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols.
Additif anti-usure Anti-wear additive
Les additifs anti-usure éventuellement mis en œuvre dans la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention sont choisis parmi les anti-usure phosphoré, les anti-usure soufrés, les anti-usure phospho-soufré, et leur mélange. Il conviendra de noter que l’additif anti-usure éventuellement ajouté dans la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention sera typiquement différent du polymère phosphite de formule (I). The anti-wear additives optionally used in the lubricating composition according to the invention are chosen from phosphorus anti-wear, sulfur anti-wear, phospho-sulphur anti-wear, and mixtures thereof. It should be noted that the anti-wear additive optionally added to the lubricating composition according to the invention will typically be different from the phosphite polymer of formula (I).
Au sens de la présente invention, un « anti-usure phosphoré » désignera un anti usure comprenant au moins un atome de phosphore et ne comprenant pas de soufre, ledit anti-usure phosphoré pourra éventuellement comprendre un ou plusieurs atomes d’azote (en plus des atomes de carbone et d’hydrogène). Dans ce cas, on pourra alors le désigner par « anti-usure phosphoré-aminé ». Within the meaning of the present invention, a "phosphorus anti-wear" will designate an anti-wear comprising at least one phosphorus atom and not comprising sulfur, said phosphorus anti-wear may optionally comprise one or more nitrogen atoms (in addition carbon and hydrogen atoms). In this case, it can then be referred to as "phosphorus-amine anti-wear".
Au sens de la présente invention, un « anti-usure soufré » désignera un anti-usure comprenant au moins un atome de soufre et ne comprenant pas de phosphore, ledit anti usure phosphoré pourra éventuellement comprendre un ou plusieurs atomes d’azote (en plus des atomes de carbone et d’hydrogène). Dans ce cas, on pourra alors le désigner par « anti usure soufré-aminé ». Within the meaning of the present invention, a "sulfur anti-wear" will designate an anti-wear comprising at least one sulfur atom and not comprising phosphorus, said phosphorus anti-wear may optionally comprise one or more nitrogen atoms (in addition carbon and hydrogen atoms). In this case, it can then be referred to as “sulphur-amine anti-wear”.
Au sens de la présente invention, un « anti-usure phospho-soufré » désignera un anti-usure comprenant au moins un atome de phosphore et au moins un atome de soufre, ledit anti-usure phospho-soufré pourra éventuellement comprendre un ou plusieurs atomes d’azote (en plus des atomes de carbone et d’hydrogène). Dans ce cas, on pourra alors le désigner par « anti-usure soufré-aminé ». Within the meaning of the present invention, a "phosphor-sulfur anti-wear" will designate an anti-wear comprising at least one phosphorus atom and at least one sulfur atom, said phospho-sulphur anti-wear may optionally comprise one or more atoms nitrogen (in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms). In this case, it can then be referred to as “sulphur-amine anti-wear”.
Parmi les additifs anti-usure phosphoré, on peut citer les phosphates, phosphites, et phosphonates. Ces termes désignent à la fois les acides phosphoriques, phosphoreux, phosphoniques, leurs mono, di et triesters, par exemple phosphates d'alkyle, phosphonates d'alkyle, et leurs sels, par exemple aminés. Mention may be made, among phosphorus anti-wear additives, of phosphates, phosphites and phosphonates. These terms denote both phosphoric, phosphorous and phosphonic acids, their mono, di and triesters, for example alkyl phosphates, alkyl phosphonates, and their salts, for example amines.
Les additifs anti usure phospho-soufrés éventuellement utilisés dans la présente invention peuvent être des (mono ou di) thiophosphates et thiophosphites, ces termes incluant les acides thiophosphoriques et thiophosphoreux, les esters de ces acides, leurs sels, les dithiophosphites et dithiophosphates. The phospho-sulfur anti-wear additives optionally used in the present invention can be (mono or di) thiophosphates and thiophosphites, these terms including thiophosphoric and thiophosphorous acids, the esters of these acids, their salts, dithiophosphites and dithiophosphates.
On peut citer, à titre d'exemples d'additifs anti usure phospho-soufrés, les monobutylthiophosphate, monooctylthiophosphate, monolaurylthiophosphate, dibutylthiophosphate, dilaurylthiophosphate, tributylthiophosphate, trioctylthiophosphate, triphenylthiophosphate, monooctylthiophosphite, trilaurylthiophosphate, monolaurylthiophosphite, monobutylthiophosphite, dibutylthiophosphite, dilaurylthiophosphite, tributylthiophosphite, trioctylthiophosphite, triphenylthiophosphite, trilaurylthiophosphite et leurs sels. Mention may be made, as examples of phospho-sulfur anti-wear additives, of monobutylthiophosphate, monooctylthiophosphate, monolaurylthiophosphate, dibutylthiophosphate, dilaurylthiophosphate, tributylthiophosphate, trioctylthiophosphate, triphenylthiophosphate, monooctylthiophosphite, trilaurylthiophosphate, monolaurylthiophosphite, monobutylthiophosphite, dibutylthiophosphite, dilaurylthiophosphite, tributylthiophosphite, trioctylthiophosphite, triphenylthiophosphite, trilaurylthiophosphite and their salts.
Des exemples de sels des esters de l'acide thiophosphorique et de l'acide thiophosphoreux sont ceux obtenus par réaction avec un composé azoté tels que l'ammoniac ou une amine ou l'oxyde de zinc ou le chlorure de zinc. Examples of salts of esters of thiophosphoric acid and of thiophosphorous acid are those obtained by reaction with a nitrogenous compound such as ammonia or an amine or zinc oxide or zinc chloride.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, le(s) additif(s) anti-usure mis en œuvre dans l’invention sont choisis parmi les anti-usure phospho-soufré, les anti-usure soufré- aminé, et leurs mélanges. According to a particular embodiment, the anti-wear additive(s) used in the invention are chosen from phospho-sulfur anti-wear, sulfur-amine anti-wear, and mixtures thereof.
A titre d’exemple, la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention peut comprendre de 0,01 à 5% en poids d’additif(s) anti-usure, de préférence de 0,05 à 3% en poids d’additif(s) anti-usure, par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante. By way of example, the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.01 to 5% by weight of anti-wear additive(s), preferably from 0.05 to 3% by weight of additive(s). ) anti-wear, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
La quantité d’additifs anti-usure pourra être adaptée afin d’obtenir une teneur en phosphore allant de 5 à 9150 ppm en poids dans la composition lubrifiante. De préférence, la teneur en phosphore dans la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention va de 5 à 4500 ppm en poids, par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante. The quantity of anti-wear additives may be adapted in order to obtain a phosphorus content ranging from 5 to 9150 ppm by weight in the lubricating composition. Preferably, the phosphorus content in the lubricating composition according to the invention ranges from 5 to 4500 ppm by weight, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
Les inventeurs ont découvert que la combinaison du polymère phosphite de formule (I) et d’un additif anti-usure phosphoré, soufré ou phospho-soufré permettait d’augmenter la durabilité de la composition lubrifiante comprenant ladite combinaison. The inventors have discovered that the combination of the phosphite polymer of formula (I) and a phosphorus, sulfur or phospho-sulfur anti-wear additive makes it possible to increase the durability of the lubricating composition comprising said combination.
Additifs complémentaires Complementary additives
La composition lubrifiante selon l’invention peut également comprendre en outre tous types d’additifs fonctionnels, distincts du polymère phosphite et additifs anti usure définis dans le contexte de la présente invention, adaptés à une utilisation dans un lubrifiant pour véhicules automobiles, en particulier pour transmission manuelle ou automatique de véhicules automobiles. The lubricating composition according to the invention may also further comprise all types of functional additives, distinct from the phosphite polymer and anti-wear additives defined in the context of the present invention, suitable for use in a lubricant for motor vehicles, in particular for manual or automatic transmission of motor vehicles.
De tels additifs, connus de l’homme du métier dans le domaine de la lubrification de véhicules automobiles peuvent être choisis parmi les détergents, les dispersants, les antioxydants, les abaisseurs du point d’écoulement, les agents anti -mousse, les améliorants d’indice de viscosité, et leurs mélanges. Such additives, known to those skilled in the art in the field of motor vehicle lubrication, can be chosen from detergents, dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, anti-foaming agents, heat improvers. viscosity index, and mixtures thereof.
Avantageusement, la composition selon l’invention comprend au moins un additif fonctionnel choisi parmi les détergents, les dispersants, les antioxydants, les abaisseurs du point d’écoulement, les agents anti -mousse, les améliorants d’indice de viscosité, et leurs mélanges. Advantageously, the composition according to the invention comprises at least one functional additive chosen from detergents, dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming agents, viscosity index improvers, and mixtures thereof.
Typiquement, lorsqu’ils sont présents, ces additifs fonctionnels, additionnels, représentent (en tout) de 1 à 30% en poids, de préférence de 1,5 à 25% en poids, préférentiellement de 2 à 20% en poids, du poids total de la composition lubrifiante. Typically, when they are present, these additional functional additives represent (in total) from 1 to 30% by weight, preferably from 1.5 to 25% by weight, preferably from 2 to 20% by weight, of the weight total of the lubricating composition.
Ces additifs peuvent être introduits isolément et/ou sous la forme d’un mélange à l’image de ceux déjà disponibles à la vente pour les formulations de lubrifiants commerciaux pour moteurs de véhicules, de niveau de performance tels que définis par T ACEA (Association des Constructeurs Européens d’ Automobiles) et/ou TAPI (American Petroleum Institute), bien connus de l’homme du métier. These additives can be introduced separately and/or in the form of a mixture similar to those already available for sale for formulations of commercial lubricants for vehicle engines, with a performance level as defined by T ACEA (Association European Automobile Manufacturers) and/or TAPI (American Petroleum Institute), well known to those skilled in the art.
La composition lubrifiante selon l’invention peut comprendre au moins un additif antioxydant. The lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise at least one antioxidant additive.
L’additif antioxydant permet généralement de retarder la dégradation de la composition en service. Cette dégradation peut notamment se traduire par la formation de dépôts, par la présence de boues ou par une augmentation de la viscosité de la composition. The antioxidant additive generally makes it possible to delay the degradation of the composition in service. This degradation can in particular result in the formation of deposits, in the presence of sludge or in an increase in the viscosity of the composition.
Les additifs antioxydants agissent notamment comme inhibiteurs radicalaires ou destructeurs d’hydropéroxydes. Parmi les additifs antioxydants couramment employés, on peut citer les additifs antioxydants de type phénolique, les additifs antioxydants de type aminé, les additifs antioxydants phosphosoufrés. Certains de ces additifs antioxydants, par exemple les additifs antioxydants phosphosoufrés, peuvent être générateurs de cendres. Les additifs antioxydants phénoliques peuvent être exempt de cendres ou bien être sous forme de sels métalliques neutres ou basiques. Les additifs antioxydants peuvent notamment être choisis parmi les phénols stériquement encombrés, les esters de phénol stériquement encombrés et les phénols stériquement encombrés comprenant un pont thioéther, les diphénylamines, les diphénylamines substituées par au moins un groupement alkyle en CI CI 2, les N,N'-dialkyle-aryle-diamines et leurs mélanges. Antioxidant additives act in particular as free radical inhibitors or destroyers of hydroperoxides. Among the antioxidant additives commonly employed, mention may be made of antioxidant additives of the phenolic type, antioxidant additives of the amine type, phosphosulfur antioxidant additives. Some of these antioxidant additives, for example phosphosulfur antioxidant additives, can be ash generators. The phenolic antioxidant additives may be ash-free or may be in the form of neutral or basic metal salts. The antioxidant additives can in particular be chosen from sterically hindered phenols, sterically hindered phenol esters and sterically hindered phenols comprising a thioether bridge, diphenylamines, diphenylamines substituted with at least one CI 2 alkyl group, N,N '-dialkyl-aryl-diamines and mixtures thereof.
De préférence selon l’invention, les phénols stériquement encombrés sont choisis parmi les composés comprenant un groupement phénol dont au moins un carbone vicinal du carbone portant la fonction alcool est substitué par au moins un groupement alkyle en Ci- Cio, de préférence un groupement alkyle en CI-CÔ, de préférence un groupement alkyle en C4, de préférence par le groupement tert-butyle. Les composés aminés sont une autre classe d’additifs antioxydants pouvant être utilisés, éventuellement en combinaison avec les additifs antioxydants phénoliques. Des exemples de composés aminés sont les amines aromatiques, par exemple les amines aromatiques de formule NR10RUR12 dans laquelle R10 représente un groupement aliphatique ou un groupement aromatique, éventuellement substitué, R11 représente un groupement aromatique, éventuellement substitué, R12 représente un atome d’hydrogène, un groupement alkyle, un groupement aryle ou un groupement de formule R13S(0)zR14 dans laquelle R13 représente un groupement alkylène ou un groupement alkenylène, R14 représente un groupement alkyle, un groupement alcényle ou un groupement aryle et z représente 0, 1 ou 2 Preferably according to the invention, the sterically hindered phenols are chosen from compounds comprising a phenol group of which at least one carbon vicinal to the carbon bearing the alcohol function is substituted by at least one Ci-Cio alkyl group, preferably an alkyl group C I -C O , preferably a C4 alkyl group, preferably by the tert-butyl group. Amino compounds are another class of antioxidant additives that can be used, possibly in combination with phenolic antioxidant additives. Examples of amino compounds are aromatic amines, for example aromatic amines of formula NR 10 R U R 12 in which R 10 represents an aliphatic group or an optionally substituted aromatic group, R 11 represents an optionally substituted aromatic group, R 12 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a group of formula R 13 S(0) z R 14 in which R 13 represents an alkylene group or an alkenylene group, R 14 represents an alkyl group, a alkenyl group or an aryl group and z represents 0, 1 or 2
Des alkyl phénols sulfurisés ou leurs sels de métaux alcalins et alcalino-terreux peuvent également être utilisés comme additifs antioxydants. Sulfurized alkyl phenols or their alkali and alkaline earth metal salts can also be used as antioxidant additives.
Une autre classe d’additifs antioxydants est celle des composés cuivrés, par exemple les thio- ou dithio-phosphates de cuivre, les sels de cuivre et d’acides carboxyliques, les dithiocarbamates, les sulphonates, les phénates, les acétylacétonates de cuivre. Les sels de cuivre I et II, les sels d’acide ou d’anhydride succiniques peuvent également être utilisés. Another class of antioxidant additives is that of copper compounds, for example copper thio- or dithio-phosphates, salts of copper and carboxylic acids, dithiocarbamates, sulphonates, phenates, copper acetylacetonates. Copper I and II salts, succinic acid or anhydride salts can also be used.
La composition lubrifiante selon l’invention peut contenir tous types d’additifs antioxydants connus de l’homme du métier. The lubricating composition according to the invention may contain all types of antioxidant additives known to those skilled in the art.
De manière avantageuse, la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention comprend au moins un additif antioxydant exempt de cendres. Advantageously, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one ash-free antioxidant additive.
La composition lubrifiante selon l’invention peut comprendre de 0,5 à 2 % en poids d’au moins un additif antioxydant, par rapport au poids total de la composition. The lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.5 to 2% by weight of at least one antioxidant additive, relative to the total weight of the composition.
La composition lubrifiante selon l’invention peut également comprendre au moins un additif détergent. The lubricating composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one detergent additive.
Les additifs détergents permettent généralement de réduire la formation de dépôts à la surface des pièces métalliques par dissolution des produits secondaires d’oxydation et de combustion. Detergent additives generally reduce the formation of deposits on the surface of metal parts by dissolving secondary products of oxidation and combustion.
Les additifs détergents utilisables dans la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention sont généralement connus de l’homme de métier. Les additifs détergents peuvent être des composés anioniques comprenant une longue chaîne hydrocarbonée lipophile et une tête hydrophile. Le cation associé peut être un cation métallique d’un métal alcalin ou alcalino-terreux. The detergent additives which can be used in the lubricating composition according to the invention are generally known to those skilled in the art. Detergent additives can be anionic compounds comprising a long lipophilic hydrocarbon chain and a hydrophilic head. The associated cation can be a metal cation of an alkali or alkaline earth metal.
Les additifs détergents sont préférentiellement choisis parmi les sels de métaux alcalins ou de métaux alcalino-terreux d’acides carboxyliques, les sulfonates, les salicylates, les naphténates, ainsi que les sels de phénates. Les métaux alcalins et alcalino-terreux sont préférentiellement le calcium, le magnésium, le sodium ou le baryum. The detergent additives are preferably chosen from alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, sulfonates, salicylates, naphthenates, as well as phenate salts. The alkali and alkaline-earth metals are preferably calcium, magnesium, sodium or barium.
Ces sels métalliques comprennent généralement le métal en quantité stœchiométrique ou bien en excès, donc en quantité supérieure à la quantité stœchiom étriqué. Il s’agit alors d’additifs détergents surbasés ; le métal en excès apportant le caractère surbasé à l’additif détergent est alors généralement sous la forme d’un sel métallique insoluble dans l’huile, par exemple un carbonate, un hydroxyde, un oxalate, un acétate, un glutamate, préférentiellement un carbonate. These metallic salts generally comprise the metal in a stoichiometric quantity or else in excess, therefore in a quantity greater than the narrow stoichiometric quantity. These are then overbased detergent additives; the excess metal providing the overbased character to the detergent additive is then generally in the form of an oil-insoluble metal salt, for example a carbonate, a hydroxide, an oxalate, an acetate, a glutamate, preferentially a carbonate .
La composition lubrifiante convenant à l’invention peut par exemple comprendre de 0,5 à 4 % en poids d’additif détergent, par rapport au poids total de la composition. The lubricating composition suitable for the invention may for example comprise from 0.5 to 4% by weight of detergent additive, relative to the total weight of the composition.
Egalement, la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention peut comprendre au moins un agent dispersant. Typiquement, le dispersant permettra de d’assurer le maintien en suspension et l’évacuation des contaminants solides insolubles constitués par les produits secondaires d’oxydation qui se forment lorsque la composition lubrifiante est en service. Also, the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise at least one dispersing agent. Typically, the dispersant will make it possible to ensure the maintenance in suspension and the evacuation of the insoluble solid contaminants constituted by the secondary products of oxidation which are formed when the lubricating composition is in service.
L’agent dispersant peut être choisi parmi les bases de Mannich ou les composés de type succinimide, tels que les polyisobutylène succinimide (PIBSI). The dispersing agent can be chosen from Mannich bases or compounds of succinimide type, such as polyisobutylene succinimide (PIBSI).
La composition lubrifiante selon l’invention peut par exemple comprendre de 0,2 à 10 % en poids d’agent(s) dispersant(s), par rapport au poids total de la composition. The lubricating composition according to the invention may, for example, comprise from 0.2 to 10% by weight of dispersing agent(s), relative to the total weight of the composition.
La composition lubrifiante selon l’invention peut comprendre en outre au moins un agent antimousse. The lubricating composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one antifoaming agent.
L’agent antimousse peut être choisi parmi les silicones. The antifoaming agent can be chosen from silicones.
La composition lubrifiante selon l’invention peut comprendre de 0,01 à 2 % massique ou de 0,01 à 5 % massique, préférentiellement de 0,1 à 1,5 % massique ou de 0,1 à 2 % massique d’agent antimousse, par rapport au poids total de la composition. La composition lubrifiante selon l’invention peut également comprendre au moins un additif abaisseur du point d’écoulement, (dits encore agents « PPD » pour « Pour Point Depressant » en langue anglaise). The lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.01 to 2% by mass or from 0.01 to 5% by mass, preferably from 0.1 to 1.5% by mass or from 0.1 to 2% by mass of agent antifoam, relative to the total weight of the composition. The lubricating composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one pour point depressant additive (also called “PPD” agents for “Pour Point Depressant” in English).
En ralentissant la formation de cristaux de paraffine, les additifs abaisseurs de point d’écoulement améliorent généralement le comportement à froid de la composition. Comme exemple d’additifs abaisseurs de point d’écoulement, on peut citer les polyméthacrylates d’alkyle, les polyacrylates, les polyarylamides, les polyalkylphénols, les polyalkylnaphtalènes, les polystyrènes alkylés. By slowing down the formation of paraffin crystals, pour point depressants generally improve the cold behavior of the composition. As an example of pour point depressant additives, mention may be made of polyalkyl methacrylates, polyacrylates, polyarylamides, polyalkylphenols, polyalkylnaphthalenes, alkylated polystyrenes.
La composition lubrifiante selon l’invention peut également comprendre au moins un additif améliorant l’indice de viscosité (améliorant de VI). Comme exemple d’ améliorant de VI, on peut citer les polyméthacrylates, les polyisobutènes ou les esters d’acide gras. Lorsqu’ils sont présents, ces additifs peuvent représenter de 1 à 25% en poids, du poids total de la composition lubrifiante. The lubricating composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one viscosity index improver (VI improver). Examples of IV improvers include polymethacrylates, polyisobutenes or fatty acid esters. When they are present, these additives can represent from 1 to 25% by weight, of the total weight of the lubricating composition.
En termes de formulation d’une telle composition lubrifiante, le polymère phosphite et le cas échéant l’additif anti-usure et extrême-pression peuvent être additionnés à une huile ou mélange d’huiles de base, puis les autres additifs complémentaires éventuels, ajoutés. In terms of formulation of such a lubricating composition, the phosphite polymer and, where appropriate, the anti-wear and extreme-pressure additive can be added to an oil or mixture of base oils, then the other optional additional additives, added .
Alternativement, le polymère phosphite et le cas échéant l’additif anti-usure et extrême-pression peuvent être additionnés à une formulation lubrifiante conventionnelle préexistante, comprenant notamment une ou plusieurs huiles de base, et éventuellement des additifs complémentaires. Alternatively, the phosphite polymer and, where applicable, the anti-wear and extreme-pressure additive can be added to a pre-existing conventional lubricant formulation, comprising in particular one or more base oils, and optionally additional additives.
Alternativement, le polymère phosphite et le cas échéant l’additif anti-usure et extrême-pression définis dans la présente invention peuvent être combinés avec un ou plusieurs additifs additionnels lorsqu’ils sont présents, et le « paquet » d’additifs ainsi formé additionné à une huile ou mélange d’huiles de base. Alternatively, the phosphite polymer and, where appropriate, the anti-wear and extreme-pressure additive defined in the present invention can be combined with one or more additional additives when they are present, and the "package" of additives thus formed added to an oil or a mixture of base oils.
Avantageusement, la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention présente une viscosité cinématique, mesurée à 40°C selon la norme ASTM D445 allant de 5 à 300 mm2/s, en particulier de 10 à 25 mm2/s. Avantageusement, la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention présente une viscosité cinématique, mesurée à 100°C selon la norme ASTM D445 allant de 1 à 20 mm2/s, en particulier de 2 à 15 mm2/s. Advantageously, the lubricating composition according to the invention has a kinematic viscosity, measured at 40° C. according to the ASTM D445 standard, ranging from 5 to 300 mm 2 /s, in particular from 10 to 25 mm 2 /s. Advantageously, the lubricating composition according to the invention has a kinematic viscosity, measured at 100° C. according to the ASTM D445 standard, ranging from 1 to 20 mm 2 /s, in particular from 2 to 15 mm 2 /s.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention comprend, voire est constituée de : According to a particular embodiment, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises, or even consists of:
- une huile de base ou mélange d’huiles de base; - a base oil or mixture of base oils;
- un polymère phosphite répondant à la formule (I) ; - a phosphite polymer corresponding to the formula (I);
- éventuellement un additif anti-usure phospho-soufré et/ou soufré-aminé ; - optionally a phospho-sulphur and/or sulphur-amine anti-wear additive;
- éventuellement un ou plusieurs additifs additionnels choisis parmi les modificateurs d’indice de viscosité, les détergents, les dispersants, les antioxydants, les abaisseurs du point d’écoulement, les agents anti -mousse et leurs mélanges. - optionally one or more additional additives chosen from viscosity index modifiers, detergents, dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, anti-foaming agents and mixtures thereof.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention comprend, voire est constituée de : According to a particular embodiment, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises, or even consists of:
- au moins 70% en poids, de préférence de 70 à 99% en poids d’huile(s) de base; - at least 70% by weight, preferably 70 to 99% by weight of base oil(s);
- de 0,05% à 10 % en poids, en particulier de 0,1% à 7 % en poids, et plus particulièrement de 1 % à 5 % en poids, de polymère(s) phosphite répondant à la formule (I) ; - from 0.05% to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.1% to 7% by weight, and more particularly from 1% to 5% by weight, of phosphite polymer(s) corresponding to formula (I) ;
- de 0,05 à 10 % en poids, en particulier de 0,1% à 7 % en poids, et plus particulièrement de 1 % à 5 % en poids, d’additif(s) anti-usure phospho-soufré et/ou soufré-aminé ; - from 0.05 to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.1% to 7% by weight, and more particularly from 1% to 5% by weight, of phospho-sulfur anti-wear additive(s) and/ or sulfur-amine;
- éventuellement de 1 à 20% en poids, de préférence de 1,5 à 10% en poids, et plus particulièrement de 2 à 5% en poids, d’un ou plusieurs additifs fonctionnels, de préférence choisis parmi les modificateurs d’indice de viscosité, les détergents, les dispersants, les antioxydants, les abaisseurs du point d’écoulement, les agents anti -mousse et leurs mélanges. - optionally from 1 to 20% by weight, preferably from 1.5 to 10% by weight, and more particularly from 2 to 5% by weight, of one or more functional additives, preferably chosen from index modifiers viscosifiers, detergents, dispersants, antioxidants, pour point depressants, antifoaming agents and mixtures thereof.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention comprend de 5 à 9150 ppm en poids de phosphore, de préférence de 5 à 4500 ppm en poids de phsophore, par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante. According to one embodiment, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises from 5 to 9150 ppm by weight of phosphorus, preferably from 5 to 4500 ppm by weight of phosphorus, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention comprend de 5 à 4000 ppm en poids de soufre, de préférence de 7 à 1000 ppm en poids de soufre, de préférence encore de 10 à 800 ppm en poids de soufre, par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante. La présente invention concerne également utilisation du polymère phosphite tel que défini précédemment dans une composition lubrifiante comprenant au moins une huile de base, afin d’améliorer la capacité de charge de ladite composition lubrifiante. According to one embodiment, the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises from 5 to 4000 ppm by weight of sulfur, preferably from 7 to 1000 ppm by weight of sulfur, more preferably from 10 to 800 ppm by weight of sulfur, by relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition. The present invention also relates to the use of the phosphite polymer as defined previously in a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, in order to improve the load capacity of said lubricating composition.
La présente invention a également pour objet rutilisation de la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention pour lubrifier les transmissions des véhicules automobiles, en particulier les engrenages des transmissions. Les transmissions peuvent être des transmissions manuelles ou automatiques. The present invention also relates to the use of the lubricating composition according to the invention for lubricating the transmissions of motor vehicles, in particular the gears of the transmissions. Transmissions can be manual or automatic transmissions.
De préférence, la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention est utilisée pour réduire l’usure d’une pièce mécanique d’une transmission de véhicules automobile, en particulier d’un engrenage de véhicules automobiles. Ainsi, selon ce mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention permet de réduire l’usure des engrenages des transmissions. Preferably, the lubricating composition according to the invention is used to reduce the wear of a mechanical part of a motor vehicle transmission, in particular of a motor vehicle gear. Thus, according to this embodiment, the lubricating composition according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the wear of the gears of the transmissions.
De préférence, la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention est utilisée pour réduire l’écaillage d’une pièce mécanique d’une transmission de véhicules automobiles, en particulier d’un engrenage de véhicules automobiles. Preferably, the lubricating composition according to the invention is used to reduce the spalling of a mechanical part of a motor vehicle transmission, in particular of a motor vehicle gear.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention est utilisée pour à la fois réduire l’usure et réduire l’écaillage d’une pièce mécanique d’une transmission de véhicules automobiles, en particulier d’un engrenage de véhicules automobiles. According to an advantageous embodiment, the lubricating composition according to the invention is used to both reduce wear and reduce spalling of a mechanical part of a motor vehicle transmission, in particular of a vehicle gear. automobiles.
L’invention concerne encore, selon un autre de ses aspects, un procédé de lubrification d’au moins une pièce d’une transmission d’un véhicule automobiles, en particulier d’un engrenage d’un véhicule automobile, comprenant au moins une étape de mise en contact d’au moins ladite pièce, avec une composition lubrifiante telle que décrite précédemment. The invention also relates, according to another of its aspects, to a method for lubricating at least one part of a transmission of a motor vehicle, in particular a gear of a motor vehicle, comprising at least one step bringing at least said part into contact with a lubricating composition as described above.
L’invention concerne encore, selon un autre de ses aspects, un procédé d’amélioration de la durabilité d’une composition lubrifiante, ledit procédé comprenant une étape de mélange d’au moins un polymère phosphite de formule (I) tel que défini dans la présente invention, avec au moins une huile de base, de préférence ledit polymère est en outre mélangé à un additif anti-usure tel que défini dans la présente invention. L’ensemble des caractéristiques et préférences décrites pour la composition lubrifiante selon l’invention ainsi que pour ses utilisations s’applique également à ces procédés. Selon l'invention, les caractéristiques particulières, avantageuses ou préférées de la composition selon l'invention, permettent de définir des utilisations selon l'invention qui sont également particulières, avantageuses ou préférées. The invention also relates, according to another of its aspects, to a process for improving the durability of a lubricating composition, said process comprising a step of mixing at least one phosphite polymer of formula (I) as defined in the present invention, with at least one base oil, preferably said polymer is further mixed with an anti-wear additive as defined in the present invention. All of the characteristics and preferences described for the lubricating composition according to the invention as well as for its uses also apply to these processes. According to the invention, the particular, advantageous or preferred characteristics of the composition according to the invention make it possible to define uses according to the invention which are also particular, advantageous or preferred.
L’invention va maintenant être décrite au moyen des exemples suivants, donnés bien entendu à titre illustratif et non limitatif de l’invention. The invention will now be described by means of the following examples, given of course by way of non-limiting illustration of the invention.
Exemples Examples
Exemple 1 : Préparation des compositions lubrifiantes Les compositions lubrifiantes ont été préparées par mélange des ingrédients à une température d’environ 40°C, selon des méthodes bien connues de l’homme du métier. Les compositions lubrifiantes qui ont été préparées et testées sont détaillées dans le tableau 2 ci- dessous. Example 1: Preparation of the lubricating compositions The lubricating compositions were prepared by mixing the ingredients at a temperature of approximately 40° C., according to methods well known to those skilled in the art. The lubricating compositions which were prepared and tested are detailed in Table 2 below.
Les teneurs élémentaires en phosphore et en soufre ont été calculées en fonction des teneurs éléments dans les ingrédients et sont également indiquées dans le tableau 2 en ppm en poids. Enfin, les viscosités cinématique à 40°C et à 100°C ont été déterminées par la méthode ASTM D445 et sont indiquées dans le tableau 2. The elemental phosphorus and sulfur contents were calculated according to the elemental contents in the ingredients and are also indicated in Table 2 in ppm by weight. Finally, the kinematic viscosities at 40°C and at 100°C were determined by the ASTM D445 method and are indicated in Table 2.
[Tableau 2] [Table 2]
Dans les compositions du tableau 2 : In the compositions of Table 2:
- les huiles de base sont des huiles de base du groupe III, - the base oils are group III base oils,
- le polymère phosphite répond à la formule (I) et comprend 4,50% en poids de phosphore et zéro soufre, il présente une masse moléculaire moyenne en poids d’environ 10000 g/mol et une masse moléculaire moyenne en nombre d’environ 3000 g/mol, il peut être obtenu par exemple selon le procédé décrit dans l’exemple 2 du document WO 2011/102861, - the phosphite polymer corresponds to formula (I) and comprises 4.50% by weight of phosphorus and zero sulphur, it has a weight-average molecular mass of approximately 10,000 g/mol and a number-average molecular mass of approximately 3000 g/mol, it can be obtained for example according to the method described in example 2 of document WO 2011/102861,
- l’anti-usure phosphoré est un tert-butylphenyl phosphate (ne répondant pas à la formule (I)), comprenant 8,10% en poids de phosphore et zéro soufre, - l’anti-usure phospho-soufré est de type phosphorothionate et comprend 9,30% en poids de phosphore et 19,80% en poids de soufre, - the phosphorus anti-wear is a tert-butylphenyl phosphate (not corresponding to formula (I)), comprising 8.10% by weight of phosphorus and zero sulfur, - the phospho-sulfur anti-wear is of the phosphorothionate and comprises 9.30% by weight phosphorus and 19.80% by weight sulfur,
- l’anti-usure soufré-aminé est de type dimercaptothiadiazole, et comprend 30% en poids de soufre et 4,04% en poids d’azote, - the sulphur-amine anti-wear is of the dimercaptothiadiazole type, and comprises 30% by weight of sulfur and 4.04% by weight of nitrogen,
- le dispersant est un dispersant PIBSI comprenant 3,20% en poids d’azote et zéro bore, zéro soufre et zéro phosphore, - the dispersant is a PIBSI dispersant comprising 3.20% by weight of nitrogen and zero boron, zero sulfur and zero phosphorus,
- G anti-oxydant est un anti-oxydant diphénylamine alkylé, - G antioxidant is an alkylated diphenylamine antioxidant,
- G anti-corrosion est un tolytriazine, - G anti-corrosion is a tolytriazine,
- le détergent est un détergent surbasé sulfonate de calcium, - the detergent is an overbased calcium sulfonate detergent,
- le paquet d’additif contient un améliorant de point d’écoulement et un anti -mousse. - the additive package contains a pour point improver and a defoamer.
Exemple 2 : Etudes des performances des compositions lubrifiantes La capacité de charge au grippage des compositions lubrifiantes décrites dans le tableau 2 a été testée par la méthode FZG A/8,3/90 (selon la norme ISO 14635-1). Les résultats sont indiqués dans le tableau 3 ci-dessous. [Tableau 3] EXAMPLE 2 Studies of the Performance of the Lubricating Compositions The load capacity for seizure of the lubricating compositions described in Table 2 was tested by the FZG A/8.3/90 method (according to the ISO 14635-1 standard). The results are shown in Table 3 below. [Table 3]
A iso teneur en phosphore, la composition Cil selon l’invention présente une meilleure capacité de charge que la composition CCI. At iso phosphorus content, the composition Cil according to the invention has a better load capacity than the composition CCI.
Les compositions CI2, 03 et 04 présentent une très bonne capacité de charge. Ces valeurs de capacité de charge démontrent la très bonne durabilité de la composition lubrifiante, notamment pour une mise en œuvre dans des transmissions. Compositions CI2, C3 and C4 exhibit very good load capacity. These load capacity values demonstrate the very good durability of the lubricating composition, in particular for use in transmissions.

Claims

Revendications Claims
1. Composition lubrifiante comprenant : 1. Lubricant composition comprising:
- au moins une huile de base, - at least one base oil,
- au moins un polymère phosphite de formule (I) : [Chem 1] dans laquelle, - at least one phosphite polymer of formula (I): [Chem 1] in which,
- chacun des R1, R2, R3 et R4 peuvent être choisis indépendamment les uns des autres parmi les groupements C1-C20 alkyle, C3-C22 alkényle, C6-C40 cycloalkyle, C7-C40 cycloalkényle, Cl -20 méthoxy alkyl glycol éthers et Y-OH; - each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 can be chosen independently of each other from C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, Cl -20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers and Y-OH;
- Y est choisi parmi les groupements C2-C40 alkylène, C2-C40 alkyl lactone, -R7-N(R8)-R9- , dans lequel R7, R8 et R9 sont indépendamment les uns des autres choisis parmi hydrogène, C1-C20 alkyle, C3-C22 alkényle, C6-C40 cycloalkyle, C7-C40 cycloalkényle, Cl -20 méthoxy alkyl glycol éthers, - Y is chosen from the groups C2-C40 alkylene, C2-C40 alkyl lactone, -R 7 -N(R 8 )-R 9 - , in which R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently of each other chosen from hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, Cl -20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers,
- m est un entier allant de 2 à 100, - m is an integer ranging from 2 to 100,
- n est un entier allant de 1 à 1000. - n is an integer ranging from 1 to 1000.
2. Composition lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le polymère de formule (I) présente une masse moléculaire moyenne en poids inférieure à 30000 g/mol, de préférence allant de 5000 à 20000 g/mol. 2. Lubricating composition according to claim 1, in which the polymer of formula (I) has a weight-average molecular mass of less than 30,000 g/mol, preferably ranging from 5,000 to 20,000 g/mol.
3. Composition lubrifiante selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le polymère phosphite représente de 0.01 à 10% en poids du poids total de la composition lubrifiante. 3. Lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the phosphite polymer represents from 0.01 to 10% by weight of the total weight of the lubricating composition.
4. Composition lubrifiante selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant de 5 à 9150 ppm en poids de phosphore, de préférence de 5 à 4500 ppm en poids de phosphore, par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante. 4. Lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising from 5 to 9150 ppm by weight of phosphorus, preferably from 5 to 4500 ppm by weight of phosphorus, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
5. Composition lubrifiante selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre au moins un additif anti-usure choisi parmi les anti-usure phosphoré, les anti-usure soufrés, les anti-usure phospho-soufré, les anti-usure phospho- aminé, les anti-usure soufré-aminé, et leur mélange. 5. Lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one anti-wear additive chosen from phosphorus anti-wear, sulfur anti-wear, phospho-sulfur anti-wear, phosphorus anti-wear. - amine, sulphur-amine anti-wear, and mixtures thereof.
6. Composition lubrifiante selon la revendication précédente, comprenant de 0,01 à 5% en poids d’additif(s) anti-usure choisi parmi les anti-usure phosphoré, les anti usure soufrés, les anti-usure phospho-soufré, les anti-usure phospho-aminé, les anti-usure soufré-aminé, et leur mélange, par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante. 6. Lubricating composition according to the preceding claim, comprising from 0.01 to 5% by weight of anti-wear additive(s) chosen from phosphorus anti-wear, sulfur anti-wear, phospho-sulphur anti-wear, phospho-amine anti-wear agents, sulphur-amine anti-wear agents, and mixtures thereof, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
7. Composition lubrifiante selon l’une des revendications précédentes, comprenant de 5 à 4000 ppm en poids de soufre, de préférence de 7 à 1000 ppm en poids de soufre, de préférence encore de 10 à 800 ppm en poids de soufre, par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante. 7. Lubricating composition according to one of the preceding claims, comprising from 5 to 4000 ppm by weight of sulfur, preferably from 7 to 1000 ppm by weight of sulfur, more preferably from 10 to 800 ppm by weight of sulfur, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
8. Composition lubrifiante selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant : de 70 à 99% en poids d’une ou plusieurs huile(s) de base, et de 0,01 à 10% en poids de polymère phosphite, éventuellement de 0,01 à 5% en poids d’additif(s) anti-usure choisi parmi les anti-usure phosphoré, les anti-usure soufrés, les anti-usure phospho-soufré, les anti-usure phospho-aminé, les anti-usure soufré-aminé, et leur mélange, éventuellement de 1 à 30% en poids d’un ou plusieurs additifs fonctionnels, de préférence choisi parmi les additifs améliorant l’indice de viscosité, les additifs antioxydants, les additifs antimousse, les dispersants, les détergents, les additifs modificateur de viscosité, et leur mélange, par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante. 8. Lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: from 70 to 99% by weight of one or more base oil(s), and from 0.01 to 10% by weight of phosphite polymer, optionally of 0.01 to 5% by weight of anti-wear additive(s) chosen from phosphorus anti-wear, sulfur anti-wear, phospho-sulfur anti-wear, phospho-amine anti-wear, anti- sulphur-amine wear additives, and a mixture thereof, optionally from 1 to 30% by weight of one or more functional additives, preferably chosen from viscosity index improver additives, antioxidant additives, antifoam additives, dispersants, detergents, viscosity modifier additives, and mixtures thereof, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
9. Utilisation d’un polymère phosphite dans une composition lubrifiante comprenant au moins une huile de base, pour améliorer la capacité de charge de la composition lubrifiante, ledit polymère phosphite répondant à la formule (I) : 9. Use of a phosphite polymer in a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil, to improve the load capacity of the lubricating composition, said phosphite polymer corresponding to formula (I):
[Chem 1] dans laquelle, [Chem 1] in which,
- chacun des R1, R2, R3 et R4 peuvent être choisis indépendamment les uns des autres parmi les groupements C1-C20 alkyle, C3-C22 alkényle, C6-C40 cycloalkyle, C7-C40 cycloalkényle, Cl -20 méthoxy alkyl glycol éthers et Y-OH; - each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 can be chosen independently of each other from C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, Cl -20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers and Y-OH;
- Y est choisi parmi les groupements C2-C40 alkylène, C2-C40 alkyl lactone, -R7-N(R8)-R9- , dans lequel R7, R8 et R9 sont indépendamment les uns des autres choisis parmi hydrogène, C1-C20 alkyle, C3-C22 alkényle, C6-C40 cycloalkyle, C7-C40 cycloalkényle, Cl -20 méthoxy alkyl glycol éthers, - m est un entier allant de 2 à 100, - Y is chosen from the groups C2-C40 alkylene, C2-C40 alkyl lactone, -R 7 -N(R 8 )-R 9 - , in which R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently of each other chosen from hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C22 alkenyl, C6-C40 cycloalkyl, C7-C40 cycloalkenyl, Cl -20 methoxy alkyl glycol ethers, - m is an integer ranging from 2 to 100,
- n est un entier allant de 1 à 1000. - n is an integer ranging from 1 to 1000.
10. Utilisation de la composition selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à10. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to
8, pour lubrifier au moins une pièce mécanique d’un véhicule automobile, de préférence présente dans un organe de transmission d’un véhicule automobile, de préférence un engrenage d’un véhicule automobile. 8, to lubricate at least one mechanical part of a motor vehicle, preferably present in a transmission member of a motor vehicle, preferably a gear of a motor vehicle.
EP21745344.8A 2020-07-22 2021-07-19 Lubricating composition for a motor vehicle drive train Pending EP4185674A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2007723A FR3112793B1 (en) 2020-07-22 2020-07-22 Automotive transmission lubricating composition.
PCT/EP2021/070072 WO2022017999A1 (en) 2020-07-22 2021-07-19 Lubricating composition for a motor vehicle drive train

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4185674A1 true EP4185674A1 (en) 2023-05-31

Family

ID=73038143

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21745344.8A Pending EP4185674A1 (en) 2020-07-22 2021-07-19 Lubricating composition for a motor vehicle drive train

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20230287290A1 (en)
EP (1) EP4185674A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2023534530A (en)
KR (1) KR20230042294A (en)
CN (1) CN116171316A (en)
FR (1) FR3112793B1 (en)
MX (1) MX2023000841A (en)
WO (1) WO2022017999A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3142198A1 (en) * 2022-11-23 2024-05-24 Totalenergies Onetech Lubricating composition for automobile transmission.
FR3142197A1 (en) * 2022-11-23 2024-05-24 Totalenergies Onetech Lubricating composition for automobile transmission.

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4532057A (en) * 1983-08-31 1985-07-30 Mobil Oil Corporation Lubricant composition comprising the reaction product of a vicinal diol and a dihydrocarbyl phosphite
US9074157B2 (en) * 2009-04-30 2015-07-07 The Lubrizol Corporation Polymeric phosphorus esters for lubricant applications
KR101377467B1 (en) 2010-02-19 2014-03-25 도버 케미칼 코포레이션 Alkylphenol free -liquid polymeric polyphosphite polymer stabilizers
JP6806676B2 (en) * 2014-11-12 2021-01-06 ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイションＴｈｅ Ｌｕｂｒｉｚｏｌ Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎ Mixed phosphorus-containing acid esters for lubricant applications

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3112793B1 (en) 2023-04-28
MX2023000841A (en) 2023-04-18
KR20230042294A (en) 2023-03-28
US20230287290A1 (en) 2023-09-14
CN116171316A (en) 2023-05-26
JP2023534530A (en) 2023-08-09
WO2022017999A1 (en) 2022-01-27
FR3112793A1 (en) 2022-01-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3289054A1 (en) Ultra-fluid lubricating composition
EP4185674A1 (en) Lubricating composition for a motor vehicle drive train
EP3430109A1 (en) Polyalkylene glycol-based lubricant composition
EP3877488B1 (en) Use of a diester to improve the anti-wear properties of a lubricant composition
FR3039834A1 (en) LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS FOR PREVENTING OR REDUCING PRE-IGNITION IN AN ENGINE
FR3053697B1 (en) LUBRICATING COMPOSITION FOR GAS ENGINE
WO2020201126A1 (en) Use of a lubricant composition for transmission
EP4185675A1 (en) Lubricating composition with improved anti-corrosion properties for a motor vehicle drive train
EP3529341B1 (en) Lubricant composition
EP4185671A1 (en) Oxidation-stable lubricating composition for a motor vehicle drive train
WO2024008675A1 (en) Use of an anti-wear additive for improving the thermal conductivity of a cooling fluid for an electric vehicle
WO2019202150A1 (en) Lubricant composition for industrial engines with increased fe potential
WO2024110561A1 (en) Lubricant composition for a motor vehicle transmission
WO2024110560A1 (en) Lubricating composition for a motor vehicle drive train
FR3139828A1 (en) Use of a monoester in a lubricating composition for vehicle transmissions
WO2024013127A1 (en) Diester-based lubricant composition
WO2023061899A1 (en) Carbodiimide for use as an additive in lubricants intended for drive device systems for improved elastomer compatibility
EP4179048A1 (en) Use of dialkylene glycol ester to increase the oxidation resistance of a lubricant composition
FR3115291A1 (en) Use of dialkylene glycol ester to reduce friction in vehicles equipped with hybrid engines

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20230130

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)