EP4180716A1 - Mobile incinerator for noxious gas, method and use - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a mobile combustion system for harmful gas, in particular for harmful gas with a supply pressure of 0 to 35 mbar and/or for corrosive and/or crystal-forming and/or vapor-covered harmful gas and/or for harmful gas with a supply temperature of over 50°C. The mobile combustion system comprises a closed combustion chamber with a burner arrangement for the combustion of harmful gas and/or support gas, a combustion air line with a combustion air blower, preferably designed as a fan or as a Venturi fan, for supplying combustion air to the burner arrangement, an exhaust gas line for removing combustion exhaust gas the combustion chamber, a combustion air heat exchanger arranged to heat at least a portion of the combustion air by means of at least a portion of the combustion exhaust gas, preferably to a temperature between 300°C and 750°C, the exhaust duct having an exhaust gas fan arranged downstream of the combustion air heat exchanger .

Description

The invention relates to a mobile incinerator for noxious gas, a method for incinerating noxious gas and the use of a mobile incinerator for incinerating noxious gas.

Mobile incinerators are typically used for environmentally friendly disposal of polluted exhaust gases or exhaust air, in particular in accordance with immission control regulations, such as the requirements of TA-Luft (Technical Instructions for Air Quality Control), for example in refineries or (petro)chemical plants, in tank farms, in Used in the area of industrial painting/coating, gas compressor systems, gas storage systems, landfill systems, mine gas systems and biogas systems. For Germany, the TA Luft represents the central set of rules for reducing emissions and immissions of air pollutants from systems that require approval under immission control law. Depending on the area of application of a mobile incineration plant, further and/or other immission control regulations may also have to be observed.

Known mobile incinerators have a burner with which noxious gas can be burned. In order to support the combustion process, an easily combustible supporting gas can be supplied to the burner. The burner is generally arranged below a flame tube, with the flame tube typically being several meters long since the flame present in it must be secured and the exhaust gas is discharged from the flame tube at a high temperature.

A disadvantage of known mobile combustion plants is that the construction of the plants is relatively time-consuming, in particular due to the installation of a flame tube and the explosion protection, which is necessary due to the high demands on explosion protection. Furthermore, it can be disadvantageous if rain gets through the flame tube into the area of the burner, since a combustion process may then not be possible. Furthermore, the energy efficiency of previously known mobile combustion systems is relatively low, in particular due to the high use of support gas.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved solution which addresses at least one of the problems mentioned. In particular, the object of the invention is to provide a solution that improves the combustion of noxious gases by improving the energy efficiency of the combustion process, reducing the maintenance costs of the incinerator and making the installation less time-consuming.

According to a first aspect, the object mentioned at the outset is achieved by a mobile combustion system for harmful gas, in particular for harmful gas with a supply pressure of 0 to 35 mbar and/or for corrosive and/or crystal-forming and/or vapor-covered harmful gas and/or for harmful gas with a supply temperature of over 50°C, comprising a closed combustion chamber with a burner arrangement for the combustion of noxious gas and/or support gas, a combustion air line with a combustion air blower, preferably designed as a fan or as a Venturi fan, for supplying combustion air to the burner arrangement, an exhaust gas line for removal of combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber, a combustion air heat exchanger arranged to heat at least a portion of the combustion air by means of at least a portion of the combustion exhaust gas, preferably to a temperature between 300°C and 750°C, the exhaust duct having an exhaust fan located downstream of the Combustion air heat exchanger is arranged.

Harmful gas is to be understood in particular as a gaseous pollutant. The terms harmful gas and process gas can preferably be used synonymously. Corrosive gas can be particularly hazardous to the environment and health. Harmful gas can, for example, in refineries or (petro)chemical plants, in tank farms, in the field of industrial painting/coating, on oil platforms, on tankers, gas compressor systems, gas storage systems, landfill systems, mine gas systems and Biogas plants must be present, especially in closed plants and/or tanks. Harmful gas can, for example, comprise or consist of hydrocarbons, in particular methane, and/or comprise naphthalene. Harmful gas can also include or consist of ammonia and/or hydrogen sulfide, for example.

For example, before cleaning a tank in which noxious gases are present, gases and vapors can be extracted from the tank by means of the mobile incinerator and disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner. Degassing of the tank by means of the mobile incinerator is preferably also possible while a tank is being cleaned. Cleaning can be accelerated and environmentally harmful emissions avoided.

Harmful gas with a supply pressure of 0 to 35 mbar is to be understood in particular as a harmful gas that is supplied with a pressure between 0 mbar and 35 mbar relative to the ambient pressure. This can be the case, for example, if a harmful gas has no overpressure or only a slight overpressure in the range from 0 mbar to 35 mbar relative to the ambient pressure in a tank or other container that is to be degassed using the mobile incinerator. The incinerator can preferably also be used for a harmful gas with a delivery pressure of 0 to 50 mbar or 0 to 55 mbar or 0 to 60 mbar. An advantage of the mobile incinerator described here is that if there is no overpressure or only a very low overpressure, the tank can still be degassed using the mobile incinerator without a fan and/or blower in the noxious gas line or on the noxious gas line must be present. The mobile incinerator is preferably designed in such a way that the exhaust gas blower generates a negative pressure in the closed combustion chamber and this negative pressure in the closed combustion chamber allows the harmful gas to be sucked through the harmful gas line to the closed combustion chamber.

The pressure values given are preferably to be understood as relative pressure, with the ambient pressure being used as the reference variable.

Corrosive noxious gas and/or crystal-forming noxious gas and/or vapor-covered noxious gas and/or noxious gas with a supply temperature of over 50°C, in particular over 70°C, 80°C or 100°C, can have a negative effect on components of previously known incineration systems. It is under corrosive noxious gas to understand in particular noxious gas that has substances that are highly corrosive. Crystal-forming noxious gas is to be understood in particular as noxious gas which can form crystals under certain environmental conditions. Vapor-superimposed noxious gas is to be understood in particular as noxious gas which has vapours. A condensate separator is preferably arranged in the noxious gas line and is designed to drain condensate in the noxious gas line out of the noxious gas line.

Harmful gas with a supply temperature of over 50°C, in particular over 70°C, 80°C or 100°C, is to be understood in particular as harmful gas that the mobile incinerator with a temperature of over 50°C, in particular over 70°C, 80°C or 100°C. The temperature of the harmful gas is preferably measured by means of a temperature sensor, in particular by means of a resistance thermometer, particularly preferably with a platinum measuring resistor, for example Pt100 measuring resistor, whereby the temperature sensor can be designed for a temperature range of 0°C to 200°C, for example. The temperature is preferably measured in the noxious gas line, preferably in the area where the noxious gas enters the incinerator, so that the temperature of the noxious gas can be determined on the inlet side at the transfer point of the incinerator. The temperature of the harmful gas is preferably also measured at further positions of the harmful gas line, preferably by means of further temperature sensors. The temperature measurement can or the temperature measurements can also be carried out by means of a thermocouple or a plurality of thermocouples.

Negative effects on components of previously known incinerators can occur in particular on fans and/or blowers that are arranged in a noxious gas line to suck in the noxious gas if they are damaged by corrosion. This can also be the case if components of the combustion system, in particular fans and/or blowers, are damaged as a result of crystal formation. This can have negative effects, for example, if a substance such as naphthalene occurs in the noxious gas, which precipitates at certain temperatures and forms crystals. In particular, naphthalene can form white flakes of crystals that melt at around 80 °C to form a colorless liquid. The formation of the crystal flakes can, for example, damage fans and/or blowers of a previously known incineration plant, which are arranged in a harmful gas line for sucking in the harmful gas, and the fan then needs to be repaired and/or replaced regularly.

The incinerator preferably comprises a preferably electric heating device which is designed to heat the harmful gas in the harmful gas line to a temperature of preferably at least 80°C, particularly preferably at least 90°C, in particular approximately 100°C. The heating device can preferably be controlled by means of the control device, with the control device controlling the heating device as a function of the measured temperatures in the noxious gas line in such a way that a desired temperature of the noxious gas in the noxious gas line is reached and/or the temperature of the noxious gas in the noxious gas line does not drop below a specified minimum becomes. It can thus be ensured, for example, that in the case of naphthalene-containing noxious gas, crystal formation does not occur within the noxious gas line, which could have a disadvantageous effect on the noxious gas line and the combustion process.

The noxious gas line preferably has thermal insulation, with the thermal insulation preferably being arranged along the noxious gas line around the noxious gas line. With such thermal insulation, a reduction in the passage of thermal energy from the inside of the noxious gas line to the outside of the noxious gas line can be achieved, so that the noxious gas has a temperature that is as constant as possible along the noxious gas line.

A high temperature of the harmful gas can be problematic because the higher the temperature of the harmful gas, the more stressed the components are usually. The components exposed to such a noxious gas can be damaged and/or contaminated. In addition, wear and tear can be increased since the materials are subjected to high stress and the service life of the components can be reduced. The mobile incinerator described here preferably has no blower and no ventilator in the noxious gas line. Instead, indirect suction of noxious gas can be made possible by the exhaust gas fan arranged in the exhaust pipe, in that the exhaust gas fan generates a negative pressure in the combustion chamber and noxious gas is sucked in from the combustion chamber through the noxious gas line by the negative pressure present there. As a result, corrosive noxious gas and/or crystal-forming noxious gas and/or vapor-covered noxious gas can be processed better by the mobile incinerator described here, with the mobile incinerator being more robust against such noxious gases and requiring less maintenance. Contamination and deposits can thus be reduced, which means that longer maintenance intervals and less cleaning effort can be achieved. Furthermore, the requirements for the Components that are exposed to explosive, dangerous gases can be achieved with less effort in terms of explosion protection requirements with a fan-free exhaust pipe.

The mobile combustion system includes a closed combustion chamber with a burner arrangement for combustion of harmful gas and/or support gas. The closed combustion chamber is preferably designed to burn harmful gas and/or support gas. The closed combustion chamber preferably allows protection against water in the combustion chamber. This means that no water can get into the closed combustion chamber and/or to the burner arrangement, so that the mobile combustion system can advantageously also be used, for example, in heavy rain.

The closed combustion chamber can include or consist of stainless steel or black steel, for example. The closed combustion chamber is preferably lined inside the combustion chamber with ceramic fiber insulation, for example 150 mm thick. In the outer area around the combustion chamber, a protection against accidental contact, for example in the form of a perforated plate, is preferably arranged. The closed combustion chamber preferably has the following components: an ignition device, a flame monitor, preferably as an ionization sensor, an infrared temperature monitor, a number of thermocouples, a lambda probe, a pressure monitor and control flaps.

The combustion air line is preferably designed as a pipeline for conducting combustion air to the burner arrangement. Combustion air can in particular be ambient air. The combustion air can be filtered by means of a filter, particularly when entering the interior of the mobile incinerator. The combustion air fan is preferably arranged in the combustion air line. The combustion air fan is preferably designed to draw in combustion air from the environment into the combustion air line and thus to supply combustion air to the burner arrangement through the combustion air line. The combustion air fan is preferably designed as a fan. A ventilator is to be understood in particular as an externally driven turbomachine which conveys a gaseous medium, the ventilator preferably having an impeller which is arranged in a housing and which allows combustion air to be sucked in. The combustion air fan can also be designed as a Venturi fan, with the function of the Venturi fan preferably being the Venturi principle or according to the principle of a Venturi nozzle. The Venturi fan is preferably designed as a Venturi jet nozzle, with the Venturi jet nozzle being able to generate an air flow intensification by means of the jet principle.

The exhaust pipe is designed in particular to discharge combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber. The combustion air heat exchanger is preferably arranged to heat at least part of the combustion air by means of at least part of the combustion exhaust gas. The combustion air heat exchanger is preferably designed to heat the combustion air to a temperature between 300°C and 750°C, particularly preferably between 350°C and 450°C. The combustion air heat exchanger can be designed to heat the combustion air to a temperature of preferably at most 750°C, particularly preferably at most 600°C, in particular at most 500°C. By heating the combustion air, more energy-efficient combustion of the harmful gas can be made possible, since combustion can take place in an optimized temperature range. In particular, less support gas is required for the combustion process. Supporting gas can in particular be natural gas and/or propane and/or liquid gas, in particular LPG (liquefied petroleum gas). The terms support gas and pilot gas can preferably be used synonymously.

The exhaust gas line has an exhaust gas fan, which is arranged downstream of the combustion air heat exchanger. The exhaust gas fan is preferably arranged between the exhaust gas outlet and the combustion heat exchanger, in particular in the exhaust pipe. The exhaust gas fan is preferably designed as a fan, in particular in the form of an externally driven turbomachine that conveys a gaseous medium, the fan preferably having an impeller arranged in a housing, through which combustion air can be sucked in. The exhaust gas fan can also be designed as a Venturi fan, with the function of the Venturi fan preferably taking place according to the Venturi principle or according to the principle of a Venturi nozzle. The Venturi fan is preferably designed as a Venturi jet nozzle, with the Venturi jet nozzle being able to generate an air flow intensification by means of the jet principle. The exhaust gas fan is preferably designed to generate a negative pressure in the closed combustion chamber and thereby convey the noxious gas from the noxious gas source to the burner arrangement.

A first advantage of such a mobile incinerator is that the combustion air heat exchanger enables more energy-efficient combustion of the Harmful gas is made possible because less support gas is required for the combustion process due to the heated combustion air. Since less support gas is used, there is an economic advantage. Furthermore, carbon dioxide emissions occurring as a result of the combustion of the support gas are reduced.

A further advantage of such a mobile combustion system is that due to the closed combustion chamber, a noise reduction is achieved in comparison to conventional, non-closed combustion chambers. Furthermore, the combustion chamber and the burner arrangement are protected against the ingress of rainwater, which is generally not the case with open combustion chambers with a flame tube arranged above them. This means that the mobile incinerator can also be used in heavy rain, for example.

A further advantage of such a mobile incineration plant is that a process gas compressor, in particular in the form of a zone 0 or zone 1 compressor, can be dispensed with, since there is an exhaust gas fan behind the combustion air heat exchanger, with which a negative pressure is created in the combustion chamber can be produced, whereby suction of the noxious gas is made possible. However, it is also possible to use a process gas compressor, in particular in addition to the existing exhaust gas fan.

A further advantage of such a mobile incinerator is that time can be saved when setting up and dismantling the incinerator, since a flame tube usually does not have to be set up and no zone 0 or zone 1 compressor has to be installed. The simplified structure of the incinerator also reduces the risk of accidents during assembly and disassembly. Another advantage of such a mobile incinerator is that, as a rule, no additional flame tube has to be transported. As a result, transport costs in particular can be reduced.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the exhaust gas flow can be cooled down significantly, for example to a temperature of approx. 380° C., so that the mobile combustion system can also be used under operating conditions under which high exhaust gas temperatures are not permitted. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the mobile incinerator can also be used in places with limited space. For example, the incinerator can be designed so that it can be transported by sea so that the incinerator can easily be used on oil rigs and tankers.

In a particularly preferred embodiment it is provided that the combustion air line has a first combustion air duct, which leads through the combustion air heat exchanger, and has a second combustion air duct, which does not lead through the combustion air heat exchanger. The combustion air line preferably has a branch from which the first combustion air duct and the second combustion air duct start. The first combustion air duct preferably runs through the combustion air heat exchanger and the second combustion air duct preferably does not run through the combustion heat exchanger. The first combustion air duct and the second combustion air duct can then meet again, for example by means of a connecting member, before the combustion air is supplied to the burner arrangement. The first combustion air duct and the second combustion air duct preferably each have a gas flow control valve so that the proportion of combustion air flowing through the first combustion air duct and the proportion of combustion air flowing through the second combustion air duct can be controlled and/or changed. The second combustion air duct can also be referred to as a bypass line. For example, in the event of a defect in the combustion heat exchanger, all of the combustion air can be routed through the second combustion air duct. It is possible that all of the combustion air is routed through the first combustion air duct and no combustion air is routed through the second combustion air duct, and vice versa. Furthermore, part of the combustion air can be routed through the first combustion air channel and part of the combustion air can be routed through the second combustion air channel.

A control unit is preferably provided, which is designed to control the proportion of combustion air that is routed through the first combustion air duct and/or through the second combustion air duct. The proportion of combustion air that is routed through the first combustion air duct and the proportion of combustion air that is routed through the second combustion air duct can preferably be controlled by the control unit and can be adapted in particular based on the requirements for the temperature of the combustion air. As a result, the temperature of the combustion air when the combustion air reaches the burner arrangement can be optimally set in an advantageous manner in order to achieve the most efficient possible combustion process.

The control by means of the control unit can, in particular, take place in an automated manner. The controller is preferably in the form of a programmable logic controller (PLC controller), with the controller preferably being programmed on a digital basis.

According to a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the burner arrangement has a support gas burner and a noxious gas burner, the support gas burner and the noxious gas burner preferably being each connected to the combustion air line, and/or the preheated combustion air from the first combustion air duct preferably being fed in whole or in part to the noxious gas burner becomes. The burner arrangement can also have several supporting gas burners and/or several noxious gas burners. The main purpose of the support gas burner is to burn support gas. The supporting gas burner is preferably connected to a supporting gas line, so that supporting gas can be supplied to the supporting gas burner through the supporting gas line. The support gas burner is preferably connected to the combustion air line, so that the support gas burner can be supplied with combustion air. The supporting gas burner can in particular be connected to one of the combustion air ducts of the combustion air line. The combustion air line preferably has a third combustion air duct, with the support gas burner preferably being connected to the third combustion air duct. The third combustion air duct preferably has a gas quantity control valve so that the proportion of combustion air flowing through the third combustion air duct can be controlled and/or changed, in particular depending on the required quantity of combustion air for the supporting gas burner. The supporting gas burner can also be connected to the first combustion air duct, so that preheated combustion air can be supplied to the supporting gas burner.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the burner arrangement has one or more recuperative burners, preferably with or without a downstream burner heat exchanger. The recuperative burner is preferably designed as a gas burner whose combustion air is recuperatively heated by the combustion gases.

Furthermore, it is preferred that a noxious gas heat exchanger is provided, which is arranged to heat at least part of the noxious gas by means of the combustion exhaust gas. By heating the noxious gas, a particularly energy-efficient combustion process can be achieved. The noxious gas heat exchanger and the combustion air heat exchanger can, in particular, be designed integrally or be designed separately as components that are independent of one another.

It is also preferred that a noxious gas line is provided for supplying noxious gas to the burner arrangement, in particular the noxious gas burner, the noxious gas line preferably being designed without a fan. The harmful gas line can preferably be used to guide harmful gas to the harmful gas burner. Preferably no blower is arranged in the noxious gas line or on the noxious gas line. The noxious gas can be guided to the noxious gas burner in the noxious gas line without a fan, in particular by means of a negative pressure in the closed combustion chamber, which can be generated by means of the off-gas fan arranged on the off-gas line. Such a fan-free design of the noxious gas line is particularly advantageous because fans in the noxious gas line are particularly susceptible to corrosion and/or crystal formation, for example, which can quickly lead to damage to such a fan, especially in the case of corrosive and/or crystal-forming and/or vapor-covered noxious gas. With a fan-free design of the noxious gas line described here, such a fan cannot be damaged, so that the maintenance effort and maintenance costs for the mobile incinerator can be reduced.

The noxious gas line preferably has a first noxious gas duct, which runs through the noxious gas heat exchanger, and a second noxious gas duct, which does not run through the noxious gas heat exchanger, with a control unit preferably being provided which is designed to control the proportion of noxious gas that passes through the first noxious gas duct and/or is passed through the second noxious gas duct to control. The noxious gas line preferably has a branch from which the first noxious gas duct and the second noxious gas duct start. The first noxious gas channel preferably runs through the noxious gas heat exchanger and the second noxious gas channel preferably does not run through the noxious gas heat exchanger. The first noxious gas channel and the second noxious gas channel can then meet again, for example by means of a connecting member, before the noxious gas is supplied to the burner arrangement. The first noxious gas duct and the second noxious gas duct preferably each have a gas flow control valve so that the proportion of noxious gas flowing through the first noxious gas duct and the proportion of noxious gas flowing through the second noxious gas duct can be controlled and/or changed. For example, in the event of a defect in the Pollutant gas heat exchanger, the entire pollutant gas are passed through the second pollutant gas channel. It is possible for all of the noxious gas to be routed through the first noxious gas channel and no noxious gas to be routed through the second noxious gas channel, and vice versa. Furthermore, part of the noxious gas can be guided through the first noxious gas channel and part of the noxious gas can be guided through the second noxious gas channel.

A control unit is preferably provided, which is designed to control the proportion of noxious gas that is conducted through the first noxious gas channel and/or through the second noxious gas channel. The proportion of noxious gas that is passed through the first noxious gas channel and the proportion of noxious gas that is passed through the second noxious gas channel can preferably be controlled by means of the control unit and can be adapted in particular based on the requirements for the temperature of the noxious gas. As a result, the temperature of the noxious gas can be set optimally when it reaches the burner arrangement in an advantageous manner in order to achieve the most efficient possible combustion process. The control by means of the control unit is preferably automated.

Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the combustion chamber, the combustion air line with the combustion air fan, the exhaust gas line with the exhaust gas fan and the combustion air heat exchanger are arranged on a mobile support platform and can be transported together with the support platform, with the combustion chamber, the combustion air line with the combustion air fan and the exhaust gas line preferably being transportable are arranged with the exhaust fan and the combustion air heat exchanger on the mobile support platform in such a way that they can be used on the mobile support platform for the combustion of harmful gases. These components are preferably permanently connected to the mobile carrier platform. By arranging these components on the mobile carrier platform, it can be achieved in an advantageous manner that the incinerator can be transported in a simple manner. In particular, no further components have to be transported than those that are arranged on the mobile carrier platform.

The mobile carrier platform is preferably designed as a standardized large-capacity container or a combination of two or more standardized large-capacity containers, in particular as an ISO container, particularly preferably as a seaworthy ISO container, and/or as a rack frame construction and/or as a truck trailer. A mobile carrier platform, which is designed as an ISO container, can due to the standardized Dimensions are particularly easy to transport. Transporting a mobile carrier platform as a truck trailer can be particularly advantageous if flexible transport on land is required. It is also possible for several, for example two, containers, in particular ISO containers, to be transported one above the other if another container is required or if several additional containers are required.

The incinerator is preferably designed for use in the incineration of noxious gas at sea, for example on a ship and/or on an offshore structure. In this case, the mobile incinerator is preferably completely closed and protected against sea water, so that no water can get into the interior of the incinerator.

The incinerator preferably has one or more of the following components, which are preferably each arranged on the mobile carrier platform: a support gas tank and/or a power supply, preferably comprising an energy store, for example a fuel tank and/or a battery, and/or a control unit , and/or a liquid separator, and/or a gas barrier, and/or a gas warning system, and/or a gas measurement analysis device, and/or a room exhaust air system. The support gas tank can in particular provide the support gas that is required for the combustion process or the combustion processes that the mobile combustion system carries out. The supporting gas tank can be a propane gas tank, for example. The power supply can be provided, for example, by means of an internal combustion engine, for example designed as a hydrogen internal combustion engine, or by means of an electric motor, in particular in connection with a fuel cell. The power supply may include a fuel tank, for example comprising diesel fuel or motor gasoline or hydrogen, and/or a battery for storage of electrical energy.

Preferably, the incinerator has a gas barrier, which is preferably designed as a gas-tight welded partition, so that no gas can pass through the gas barrier. With such a gas barrier, in particular a support gas tank can be spatially separated from the burner arrangement and the combustion chamber.

The incinerator preferably has a gas warning system which can automatically monitor specific gas quantities in the mobile incinerator. Included In particular, it can be monitored whether a gas concentration exceeds a specified explosion protection limit. The combustion system preferably has a gas measurement analysis device which is designed to measure the volume flow of supporting gas and/or the volume flow of harmful gas and/or the volume flow of combustion air.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the combustion system is connected or can be connected to a chimney system, which is preferably arranged outside of the mobile carrier platform. For example, when the incinerator is used over a period of several months, in particular more than 12 months, and/or if certain public regulations require this, an external chimney system can be used if necessary. For this purpose, the combustion system can be connected to a chimney system, preferably set up next to the combustion system, with the exhaust pipe being connected to the chimney system, so that the exhaust air is routed through the exhaust pipe to the chimney system and then through the chimney system and discharged from the chimney system.

According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the combustion air heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger are integrated into the combustion chamber or are connected downstream of the combustion chamber. The combustion heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger can be integrated into the wall of the closed combustion chamber, for example. The combustion heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger can be arranged in particular in the form of a double jacket around the combustion chamber. However, the combustion heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger can also be arranged downstream of the combustion chamber, in particular separately from the combustion chamber.

The combustion air heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger are preferably arranged in the exhaust pipe. The combustion air heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger are preferably arranged between the closed combustion chamber and the exhaust gas fan. The combustion air heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger are or is preferably designed as a gas-gas heat exchanger and/or as an electrical heat exchanger and/or as a gas-thermal oil heat exchanger. The combustion air heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger and/or the control unit are preferably designed such that an exhaust gas temperature is downstream of the combustion air heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger of a maximum of 400°C, in particular a maximum of 300°C. The combustion air heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger and/or the control unit are preferably designed to provide an exhaust gas temperature of a maximum of 400° C., in particular a maximum of 300° C., directly in front of the exhaust gas fan. In order not to exceed the maximum temperature at this point, in particular more combustion air can be supplied and the heating of combustion air and harmful gas can be adjusted. Furthermore, for example, additional heat exchangers that can be switched on can be controlled accordingly, in particular by means of the control unit, so that the maximum temperature is not exceeded.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the control unit is designed to provide a minimum temperature of 850° C. in the combustion chamber and/or a maximum temperature of 1250° C. in the combustion chamber. The minimum temperature in the closed combustion chamber can be maintained in particular by permanently monitoring the temperature in the combustion chamber using at least one temperature sensor arranged in or on the combustion chamber and/or arranged in the exhaust pipe, in particular designed as a thermocouple. In this case, a surface temperature is preferably measured. Alternatively or additionally, an infrared sensor can be used to determine the temperature, in particular a surface temperature of the combustion chamber. If the minimum temperature in the combustion chamber falls below 850°C or before it is to be expected that the temperature in the combustion chamber will fall below the minimum, the control unit can ensure that the minimum temperature is provided, for example by adjusting the various gas flows in the lines. By providing a minimum temperature in this way, it can be ensured that the exhaust air emitted by the incinerator has exhaust gas values that correspond to the legal requirements, for example TA-Luft. For example, by controlling the minimum temperature, a degree of conversion of at least 99.9%, preferably up to 99.99%, can be maintained. The combustion system is preferably designed in such a way that the emission reduction level does not fall below 99.9%, based on the total carbon. The incinerator is preferably designed in such a way that a mass concentration of 50 mg/m ³ , or 20 mg/m 3 or 10 mg/m ³ , based on the total carbon, is not exceeded.

It is preferred that a filter, in particular a police filter, is arranged downstream of the combustion air heat exchanger and/or in the exhaust pipe. The filter is preferably designed as an activated carbon filter. The filter is preferably designed to further reduce the mass concentration of the carbon concentration in the exhaust air, so that it can be ensured in particular that a mass concentration of 50 mg/m ³ , or 20 mg/m 3 or 10 mg/m ³ on the total carbon in the exhaust air discharged from the incinerator is not exceeded.

The control unit is preferably designed to provide an operating pressure of -1.5 mbar to 1.5 mbar in the combustion chamber, in particular by controlling the exhaust gas fan. The control unit is particularly preferably designed in such a way that it provides an operating pressure of at least −1 mbar, in particular at least −0.5 mbar. The operating pressure is to be understood in particular as a relative pressure in relation to the ambient pressure. The suction of the combustion air from the combustion chamber can be controlled in particular by controlling the exhaust gas fan, with a change in the output of the exhaust gas fan preferably causing a change in the pressure in the combustion chamber. Preferably, the control unit is designed to increase the power of the exhaust gas blower from an operating pressure of 1.5 mbar in the combustion chamber and/or to end the combustion process from an operating pressure of 10 mbar in the combustion chamber. In particular, the pressure in the combustion chamber can be reduced by increasing the output of the exhaust fan. Increasing the output of the exhaust gas fan can, in particular, cause the combustion air to be sucked in more strongly from the combustion chamber. At an operating pressure of at least 10 mbar, switching off the combustion process can be advantageous in order to avoid a combustion process that is not optimally set and/or to remedy defects, such as a blockage in the combustion air heat exchanger.

The control unit is preferably designed to ensure a dwell time of the noxious gas in the combustion chamber of at least 0.3 s and/or the combustion system, in particular the combustion chamber, is dimensioned in such a way as to ensure a dwell time of the noxious gas in the combustion chamber of at least 0.3 s. The combustion chamber is preferably designed and/or preferably has such a size and/or length and/or dimensions and/or flue gas volume that a dwell time of the harmful gas in the combustion chamber of at least 0.3 seconds can be ensured with certain operating parameters. Furthermore, the burner arrangement is preferably designed such that, with certain operating parameters, a dwell time of the harmful gas in the combustion chamber of at least 0.3 seconds can be ensured. The dwell time of the noxious gas is to be understood in particular as the time in which the noxious gas remains in the combustion chamber. The residence time can preferably be calculated in a simplified manner as the quotient of the combustion chamber volume and the volumetric flow rate of the gas exiting the combustion chamber. By ensuring a dwell time of at least 0.3 s, preferably at least 0.4 s, particularly preferably at least 0.5 s, it can be achieved that the exhaust gases led out of the combustion chamber meet the requirements of immission control law. The volume flow of the noxious gas flow in the noxious gas line is preferably determined, in particular directly in front of the burner arrangement. The volume flow of the supporting gas in the supporting gas line is preferably determined, in particular directly in front of the burner arrangement. The volume flow of the combustion air in the combustion air line, in particular directly in front of the burner arrangement, is preferably determined. The volume flow can be determined in each case by means of a volume flow measurement sensor, in particular by means of a flow meter. With a known volume flow or known volume flows and a known geometry of the closed combustion chamber, in particular the inner flow-through surface of the closed combustion chamber, the flow velocity in the combustion chamber can be determined. The volume flow in the combustion chamber corresponds to the flow area multiplied by the flow velocity in the combustion chamber. The volume flow in the combustion chamber and the flow rate in the combustion chamber can be determined via the law of continuity by means of the volume flows known in the lines and the cross sections known in the lines. If the length of the combustion chamber is known, it is then possible to determine the dwell time of the harmful gas in the combustion chamber. The volume flows in the various lines, in particular the volume flow of the noxious gas in the noxious gas line, can then be continuously regulated by means of the control unit in such a way that a dwell time as specified can be ensured.

A residual oxygen content in the exhaust gas can preferably be determined by means of a lambda probe, which is preferably arranged in the exhaust gas line, so that an air-gas ratio can be determined. Based on this ratio, the ratio of harmful gas (and possibly support gas) to combustion air can be adjusted and the volume flows in the lines can be regulated in such a way that complete combustion is achieved and incomplete combustion is avoided, with over-stoichiometric combustion being constantly ensured can.

It is further preferred that the combustion system, in particular the burner arrangement, preferably the support gas burner and/or the noxious gas burner, has or have a thermal output of between 50 kW and 10,000 kW. The mobile incinerator is preferably designed in such a way that operational, environmentally friendly disposal of process gases with a maximum calorific value of at most 22 kWh/m ³ is possible.

According to a further aspect, the object mentioned at the outset is achieved by a method for burning noxious gas, in particular noxious gas with a supply pressure of 0 to 35 mbar and/or corrosive and/or crystal-forming and/or vapor-covered noxious gas and/or noxious gas with a supply temperature of above 50°C, comprising the steps: providing a mobile combustion system for harmful gas, preferably a mobile combustion system described here, the mobile combustion system having a closed combustion chamber with a burner arrangement for the combustion of harmful gas and/or support gas, and the mobile combustion system having an exhaust gas line for discharge of combustion waste gas from the combustion chamber, supplying combustion air to the burner arrangement through a combustion air line with a combustion air blower, preferably designed as a fan or as a Venturi fan, with at least part of the combustion air being guided through a combustion heat exchanger, heating at least part of the combustion air by means of at least part of the combustion exhaust gas with the combustion air heat exchanger, preferably to a temperature between 300°C and 750°C, discharging the combustion exhaust gas through the exhaust pipe by means of an exhaust gas fan arranged downstream of the combustion air heat exchanger. The supply of combustion air and/or the heating of at least part of the combustion air and/or the removal of the combustion waste gas can preferably be controlled by means of the control unit. As a result, the combustion process can be regulated by means of the control unit, with control by means of the control unit taking place in particular in such a way that at least part of the combustion air, preferably all of the combustion air, is heated to a temperature between 300 and 300 ° C and 750 ° C is heated before the combustion air is supplied to the burner assembly.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps: controlling the proportion of combustion air through a first Combustion air duct of the combustion air line, which runs through the combustion air heat exchanger, is routed and/or controlling the proportion of combustion air that is routed through a second combustion air duct of the combustion air line, which does not run through the combustion air heat exchanger. The proportion of combustion air that is routed through a first combustion air duct of the combustion air line, which runs through the combustion air heat exchanger, is preferably controlled by means of the control unit. The proportion of combustion air that is routed through a second combustion air duct of the combustion air line, which does not run through the combustion air heat exchanger, is preferably controlled by means of the control unit. By controlling the proportion of combustion air that runs through the first combustion air duct and the proportion of combustion air that runs through the second combustion air duct, the proportion of combustion air that runs through the combustion air heat exchanger and is heated there can be adjusted and/or controlled. By means of such a control option, the temperature of the combustion air that is supplied to the burner arrangement can advantageously be adapted to the combustion process in accordance with the requirements.

According to a preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps: providing a support gas burner and a noxious gas burner, the support gas burner and the noxious gas burner preferably being connected to the combustion air line, supplying the preheated combustion air from the first combustion air duct in whole or in part to the noxious gas burner. The supporting gas burner and the noxious gas burner are preferably components of the burner arrangement. The control unit can preferably be used to control how much combustion air is supplied to the supporting gas burner and/or how much combustion air is supplied to the noxious gas burner.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps: supplying noxious gas to the noxious gas burner through a noxious gas line, wherein the noxious gas line is preferably designed without a fan, and/or heating at least part of the noxious gas by means of the combustion exhaust gas with a noxious gas heat exchanger, burning noxious gas and /or supporting gas in a closed combustion chamber. The feeding of noxious gas to the noxious gas burner and/or the heating of at least part of the noxious gas and/or the burning of noxious gas is preferably controlled by the control unit.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps: controlling the proportion of harmful gas that is passed through a first harmful gas channel of the harmful gas line that runs through the harmful gas heat exchanger and/or controlling the proportion of harmful gas that is passed through a second harmful gas channel of the harmful gas line , which does not run through the noxious gas heat exchanger. The proportion of harmful gas that is conducted through a first harmful gas channel of the harmful gas line, which runs through the harmful gas heat exchanger, is preferably controlled by means of the control unit. The proportion of harmful gas that is conducted through a second harmful gas channel of the harmful gas line, which does not run through the harmful gas heat exchanger, is preferably controlled by means of the control unit. By controlling the proportion of harmful gas that runs through the first harmful gas duct and the proportion of harmful gas that runs through the second harmful gas duct, the proportion of harmful gas that runs through the harmful gas heat exchanger and is heated there can be adjusted and/or controlled. By means of such a control option, the temperature of the noxious gas that is supplied to the burner arrangement can be adjusted in an advantageous manner according to the given requirements of the combustion process.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps: connecting the mobile incinerator to a source of harmful gas and/or incinerating harmful gas at sea, for example on a ship and/or on an offshore structure, and/or connecting the incinerator to one, preferably outside a chimney system arranged on a mobile support platform, wherein the combustion chamber, the combustion air line with the combustion air fan, the exhaust gas line with the exhaust gas fan and the combustion air heat exchanger are arranged on the mobile support platform and can be transported together with the support platform.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps: providing an exhaust gas temperature downstream of the combustion air heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger of a maximum of 400°C, in particular a maximum of 300°C, preferably by means of control with the control unit, and/or providing a minimum temperature in the Combustion chamber of 850°C and/or a maximum temperature in the combustion chamber of 1250°C, preferably by means of control with the control unit, and/or providing an operating pressure of -1.5 mbar to 1.5 mbar in the combustion chamber, in particular by Activation of the exhaust fan, and/or increasing the output of the exhaust fan from an operating pressure of 1.5 mbar in the combustion chamber and/or ending the combustion process from an operating pressure of 10 mbar in the combustion chamber, and/or ensuring a dwell time for the harmful gas in the combustion chamber of at least 0.3 s by means of the control device, and/or providing a thermal output of the combustion system, in particular the burner arrangement, preferably the support gas burner and/or the noxious gas burner, between 50 kW and 10,000 kW.

Provision of a minimum temperature and/or a maximum temperature in the combustion comb is preferably achieved by controlling the control unit, control preferably taking place on the basis of measured values of temperature measurements. Controlling by means of the control unit can in particular ensure that the dwell time of the noxious gas in the combustion chamber is at least 0.3 seconds, so that the noxious gas can be burned in an environmentally friendly manner and in accordance with legal regulations. In particular, it is preferred if the exhaust gas temperature at the exhaust gas fan is at most 320°C, in particular at most 300°C. So that this temperature is not exceeded, the combustion process can be adjusted accordingly by means of the control device, for example by supplying more combustion air, in particular unheated combustion air, to the burner arrangement.

According to a further aspect, the object mentioned at the outset is achieved by using a mobile combustion system described here for burning harmful gas with a delivery pressure of 0 to 35 mbar and/or for corrosive and/or crystal-forming and/or vapor-covered harmful gas and/or for harmful gas with a delivery temperature of over 50°C. In particular, the mobile incinerator can be used for the environmentally friendly incineration of polluted exhaust gases and/or exhaust air. The incinerator is particularly preferably used for incinerating noxious gas that includes hydrocarbons, in particular methane, and/or naphthalene. The incinerator is preferably used for incinerating noxious gas comprising ammonia and/or hydrogen sulfide.

On the advantages, design variants and design details of the various aspects of the solutions described here and their respective possible developments reference is also made to the description of the corresponding features, details and advantages of the other aspects and their developments.

Fig. 1:

eine schematische Darstellung des Aufbaus einer ersten Ausführungsform einer mobilen Verbrennungsanlage;

Fig. 2:

eine schematische Darstellung des Aufbaus einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer mobilen Verbrennungsanlage;

Fig. 3:

eine schematische Darstellung des Aufbaus einer dritten Ausführungsform einer mobilen Verbrennungsanlage;

Fig. 4:

eine isometrische Ansicht einer mobilen Verbrennungsanlage;

Fig. 5a:

eine Seitenansicht einer mobilen Verbrennungsanlage, die mit einer Schornsteinanlage verbunden ist;

Fig. 5b:

eine Draufsicht einer mobilen Verbrennungsanlage, die mit einer Schornsteinanlage verbunden ist;

Fig. 6:

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verfahrens zum Verbrennen von Schadgas;

Fig. 7:

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verfahrens zum Verbrennen von Schadgas;

Fig. 8:

ein Ausführungsbeispiel für ein Verfahren zur Steuerung von Parametern in einem Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Schadgas.

Preferred exemplary embodiments are explained by way of example with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it:

Figure 1:

a schematic representation of the structure of a first embodiment of a mobile incinerator;

Figure 2:

a schematic representation of the structure of a second embodiment of a mobile incinerator;

Figure 3:

a schematic representation of the structure of a third embodiment of a mobile incinerator;

Figure 4:

an isometric view of a mobile incinerator;

Figure 5a:

a side view of a mobile incinerator connected to a chimney;

Figure 5b:

a plan view of a mobile incinerator connected to a chimney;

Figure 6:

a first embodiment of a method for burning noxious gas;

Figure 7:

a second embodiment of a method for burning noxious gas;

Figure 8:

an embodiment of a method for controlling parameters in a method for burning noxious gas.

In the figures, identical or essentially functionally identical or similar elements are denoted by the same reference symbols.

1 shows a schematic representation of the structure of a first embodiment of a mobile incinerator 1. The mobile incinerator comprises a Support platform 74 on which the essential components of the incinerator are arranged. The incinerator is designed in the form of a container 70 .

The mobile incinerator has a closed combustion chamber 2 to which a combustion air heat exchanger 3 is connected. By means of an exhaust fan 21, a negative pressure can be produced in the closed combustion chamber 2 and, because of the negative pressure in the combustion chamber, harmful gas can be guided from a harmful gas source through a harmful gas line 30 to the burner arrangement 9. The amount of noxious gas that is supplied to the combustion arrangement through the noxious gas line can be controlled by means of a gas flow valve 7 . The control of this gas quantity valve, as well as the other gas quantity valves and the blowers that are present, is carried out by means of a control unit 60, which can include a PLC control and which is arranged in a switch cabinet.

Combustion of harmful gas takes place in the combustion chamber 2 by means of the burner arrangement, which comprises a harmful gas burner 5 and a supporting gas burner 6 . With the exhaust gas fan 21, which is arranged in an exhaust pipe 20, the combustion exhaust gas, which is produced by burning noxious gas in the combustion chamber, is extracted by creating a negative pressure from the closed combustion chamber 2 through the combustion air heat exchanger 3 and then through an insulated line 4, which Part of the exhaust pipe 20 is guided. The combustion exhaust gas is then discharged outside the mobile incinerator through the exhaust fan 21 and the exhaust pipe 20 .

Combustion air is also supplied to the burner arrangement 9 . This takes place via a combustion air line 10 , with a combustion air fan 11 , which is arranged in the combustion air line 10 , sucking in combustion air from outside the combustion system and feeding it to the burner arrangement 9 . The combustion air line comprises a first combustion air duct 10a, which runs through the combustion air heat exchanger, the combustion air being heated in the combustion air heat exchanger 3 by means of combustion exhaust gas. The combustion air line also includes a second combustion air duct 10b, which does not run through the combustion air heat exchanger, the combustion air in this duct not being heated by means of combustion exhaust gas. Gas quantity control flaps are arranged in the first and in the second combustion air duct, so that the proportion of combustion air that is passed through the first combustion air duct and the proportion of combustion air that is passed through the second combustion air duct is performed, can be controlled. It is thus possible, for example, that all of the combustion air runs through the first combustion air duct and is thereby heated in the combustion heat exchanger. However, other settings of the gas quantity control flaps are also possible. The first combustion air duct 10a and the second combustion air duct 10b are brought together again downstream of the combustion heat exchanger 3 and continue as a combustion air line to the noxious gas burner 5.

The combustion air line 10 also has a third combustion air duct 10c which does not run through the combustion air heat exchanger 3 and which is connected to the supporting gas burner 6 . A gas quantity control flap is also arranged in the third combustion air duct 10c so that the quantity of combustion air that is supplied to the supporting gas burner 6 can be adjusted by means of the controller 60 . A supporting gas line 40 is also connected to the supporting gas burner 6 . Supporting gas, for example propane, is fed to the supporting gas burner from a supporting gas source through the supporting gas line 40 . The supporting gas line 40 has a gas flow control valve 7 and a gas flow valve 8 which can be controlled and monitored by the controller 60 . Thus, the amount of support gas that is supplied to the torch assembly can be controlled by the control unit 60 .

The mobile incinerator also has a partition 80 which is welded gas-tight. This can ensure that the combustion chamber, the combustion air heat exchanger and the blower are separated from the other side of the partition in a gas-tight manner. A propane tank and/or an engine and/or a fuel tank, for example, can then be located on the other side of the partition wall, in which case there is then no gas connection between these components and the components on the other side of the partition wall 80 .

2 shows a schematic representation of the structure of a second embodiment of a mobile incinerator 1. The structure of the mobile incinerator corresponds to the structure in 1 combustion system shown, with the difference that behind the closed combustion chamber 2, a combustion air and noxious gas heat exchanger 3a is arranged, wherein the combustion air heat exchanger and noxious gas heat exchanger are integral and the noxious gas line has a first noxious gas duct 30a, which runs through the noxious gas heat exchanger and has a second noxious gas duct 30b, which does not run through the noxious gas heat exchanger. In the area in which the first noxious gas channel through the

Noxious gas heat exchanger runs, the noxious gas can be heated by means of the combustion exhaust gas. The first noxious gas duct 30a and the second noxious gas duct 30b each have a gas flow control flap, so that the proportion of noxious gas that is routed through the first noxious gas duct 30a and the proportion of noxious gas that is routed through the second noxious gas duct 30b are controlled by the control unit 60 can. Downstream of the noxious gas heat exchanger 3a, the first noxious gas channel and the second noxious gas channel are brought together again and further downstream the noxious gas line 30 is connected to the noxious gas burner 5. Regarding the other components is on the description of 1 referred.

3 shows a schematic representation of the structure of a third embodiment of a mobile incinerator 1. The structure of the mobile incinerator corresponds to the structure in 2 Combustion system shown, with the difference that a combustion air heat exchanger 3b and a pollutant gas heat exchanger 3c are arranged behind the closed combustion chamber 2, the combustion air heat exchanger and the pollutant gas heat exchanger not being integral, but downstream of one another and arranged next to one another. Regarding the noxious gas line 30, the first and second noxious gas channel 30a, 30b is on the description of 2 referred. For the other components, refer to the description of 1 referred.

4 shows an isometric view of a mobile incinerator 1. The incinerator has a support platform 74 and is designed as a container 70. FIG. The container has ventilation flaps 71 for ventilating or venting the interior of the container, side container doors 72 and front container doors 73 . The control unit 60, which is arranged in a switch cabinet, is accessible from the outside via the lateral container doors 72. The incinerator also has an exhaust pipe 25 which is connected to the exhaust pipe inside the container 70 and through which combustion exhaust gas is discharged. Due to the low temperature of the exhaust gas that is led out of the system compared to conventional incineration systems, only a comparatively small exhaust pipe is required.

Figures 5a and 5b show in a side view ( Figure 5a ) and a plan view ( Figure 5b ) a mobile incinerator 1 connected to a chimney 100. Such a structure can be used in particular for deployments lasting several months, in particular for deployments lasting more than 12 months, or when certain other requirements are met must be fulfilled, make sense. The incinerator has a support platform 74 and is designed as a container 70 . The exhaust pipe is connected to a connecting pipe 101 and the connecting pipe is connected to the chimney 100, the chimney 100 being installed on a foundation 102. The combustion exhaust gas can then be routed from the exhaust pipe through the connecting pipe and then through the chimney system.

6 shows a method for burning harmful gas 200. The method comprises the following steps: In a first step 201, providing a mobile combustion system for harmful gas, preferably a mobile combustion system described here, the mobile combustion system having a closed combustion chamber with a burner arrangement for the combustion of harmful gas and /or having support gas, and wherein the mobile combustion system has an exhaust pipe for discharging combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber. In a step 201a, connecting the mobile incinerator to a source of noxious gases. In a step 202, supply of combustion air to the burner arrangement through a combustion air line with a combustion air fan, preferably designed as a fan or as a Venturi fan, wherein at least part of the combustion air is guided through a combustion heat exchanger. In a step 202a, controlling the proportion of combustion air that is guided through a first combustion air duct of the combustion air line that runs through the combustion air heat exchanger. In a step 202b, controlling the proportion of combustion air that is conducted through a second combustion air duct of the combustion air line that does not run through the combustion air heat exchanger. In a step 203, heating at least part of the combustion air by means of at least part of the combustion exhaust gas with the combustion air heat exchanger, preferably to a temperature between 300°C and 750°C. In a step 204, providing a support gas burner and a noxious gas burner, wherein preferably the support gas burner and the noxious gas burner are each connected to the combustion air line. In a step 205, supplying the preheated combustion air from the first combustion air duct in whole or in part to the noxious gas burner. In a step 206, supply of noxious gas to the noxious gas burner through a noxious gas line, wherein the noxious gas line is preferably designed without a fan. In a step 210, combustion of harmful gas and/or support gas in a closed combustion chamber. In a step 211, discharging the combustion exhaust gas through the exhaust pipe by means of an exhaust fan arranged downstream of the combustion air heat exchanger.

7 shows a method for burning noxious gas 200. The method includes in connection with 6 described steps. Between steps 206 and 210, the method also includes the following steps: In a step 207a, controlling the proportion of noxious gas that is conducted through a first noxious gas channel of the noxious gas line that runs through the noxious gas heat exchanger. In a step 207b, controlling the proportion of noxious gas that is passed through a second noxious gas channel of the noxious gas line that does not run through the noxious gas heat exchanger. In a step 208, heating at least part of the noxious gas by means of the combustion exhaust gas with a noxious gas heat exchanger.

8 shows a control of various parameters in a method for burning noxious gas, for example in a with 6 or 7 described procedure. The method comprises the following steps: In a step 231, providing an exhaust gas temperature downstream of the combustion air heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger of at most 400° C., in particular at most 300° C., preferably by means of control with the control unit. In a step 232, providing a minimum temperature in the combustion chamber of 850° C. and/or a maximum temperature in the combustion chamber of 1250° C., preferably by means of control with the control unit. In a step 233, providing an operating pressure of -1.5 mbar to 1.5 mbar in the combustion chamber, in particular by controlling the exhaust gas fan. In a step 234, increasing the output of the exhaust fan from an operating pressure of 1.5 mbar in the combustion chamber and/or ending the combustion process from an operating pressure of 10 mbar in the combustion chamber. In a step 235, ensuring a dwell time of the noxious gas in the combustion chamber of at least 0.3 s by means of the control device. In a step 236, providing a thermal output of the combustion system, in particular the burner arrangement, preferably the supporting gas burner and/or the harmful gas burner, between 50 kW and 10,000 kW. The steps can also be carried out in a different order and/or in parallel with one another.

Reference List

1

mobile incinerator

2

closed combustion chamber

3

combustion air heat exchanger

3a

Combustion air heat exchanger, noxious gas heat exchanger

3b

combustion air heat exchanger

3c

noxious gas heat exchanger

4

insulated line

5

noxious gas burner

6

supporting gas burner

7

gas volume control valve

8th

gas flow valve

9

burner arrangement

10

combustion air line

10a

first combustion air duct

10b

second combustion air duct

10c

third combustion air duct

11

combustion air blower

20

exhaust pipe

21

exhaust fan

25

exhaust pipe

30

noxious gas line

30a

first noxious gas channel

30b

second noxious gas channel

40

supporting gas line

60

Control unit in control cabinet

70

Container

71

ventilation flaps

72

side container door

73

front container door

74

carrier platform

80

partition wall

100

chimney system

101

connecting pipe

102

chimney platform

201-236

process steps

Claims (15)

Mobile incinerator (1) for noxious gas, in particular for noxious gas with a supply pressure of 0 to 35 mbar and/or for corrosive and/or crystal-forming and/or vapor-covered noxious gas and/or for noxious gas with a supply temperature of over 50°C - a closed combustion chamber (2) with a burner arrangement (9) for the combustion of noxious gas and/or support gas, - a combustion air line (10) with a combustion air fan (11), preferably designed as a fan or as a Venturi fan, for supplying combustion air to the burner arrangement, - an exhaust pipe (20) for discharging combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber, - a combustion air heat exchanger (3) which is arranged to heat at least part of the combustion air by means of at least part of the combustion exhaust gas, preferably to a temperature between 300°C and 750°C, - wherein the exhaust gas line has an exhaust gas fan (21) which is arranged downstream of the combustion air heat exchanger. Incinerator according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the combustion air line has a first combustion air duct (10a) which leads through the combustion air heat exchanger and a second combustion air duct (10b) which does not lead through the combustion air heat exchanger, a control unit (60) being preferably provided which is designed to control the proportion of combustion air that is routed through the first combustion air duct and/or through the second combustion air duct. Incinerator according to at least one of the preceding claims, - Characterized in that the burner arrangement has a support gas burner (6) and a noxious gas burner (5), wherein preferably the supporting gas burner and the noxious gas burner are each connected to the combustion air line, and/or wherein the preheated combustion air from the first combustion air duct is preferably fed in whole or in part to the noxious gas burner, and/or - characterized in that the burner arrangement has one or more recuperative burners, preferably with or without a downstream burner heat exchanger. Incinerator according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a noxious gas heat exchanger (3a, 3c) is provided, which is arranged to heat at least part of the noxious gas by means of the combustion exhaust gas,
and or characterized in that a noxious gas line (30) is provided for supplying noxious gas to the burner arrangement, in particular the noxious gas burner, - The noxious gas line is preferably designed without a fan and/or - Wherein the harmful gas line preferably has a first harmful gas channel (30a) which leads through the harmful gas heat exchanger and a second harmful gas channel (30b) which does not lead through the harmful gas heat exchanger, wherein a control unit (60) is preferably provided which is designed to To control the proportion of noxious gas that is passed through the first noxious gas channel and / or through the second noxious gas channel. Incinerator according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the combustion chamber, the combustion air line with the combustion air fan, the exhaust gas line with the exhaust gas fan and the combustion air heat exchanger are arranged on a mobile support platform (74) and can be transported together with the support platform, - Where preferably the combustion chamber, the combustion air line with the combustion air fan, the exhaust pipe with the Exhaust fan and the combustion air heat exchanger are arranged on the mobile support platform in such a way that they can be used on the mobile support platform for the combustion of harmful gases, and/or - The mobile carrier platform preferably being designed as a standardized large-capacity container (70) or a combination of two or more standardized large-capacity containers, in particular as an ISO container, particularly preferably as a seaworthy ISO container, and/or as a rack frame construction and/or as a truck trailer , and or - Wherein the incinerator is preferably designed for use in the incineration of noxious gases at sea, for example on a ship and/or on an offshore structure, and/or - The incinerator preferably having one or more of the following components, which are preferably each arranged on the mobile carrier platform: ∘ a supporting gas tank, and/or ∘ a power supply, preferably comprising an energy store, for example a fuel tank and/or a battery, and/or ∘ a control unit (60), and/or ∘ a liquid separator, and/or ∘ a gas barrier (80), and/or ∘ a gas warning system, and/or ∘ a gas measurement analysis device, and/or ∘ a room exhaust air system, and or - characterized in that the combustion system is connected or can be connected to a chimney system (100) preferably arranged outside of the mobile carrier platform. Incinerator according to at least one of the preceding claims, - characterized in that the combustion air heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger are integrated into the combustion chamber or are connected downstream of the combustion chamber and/or are arranged in the exhaust pipe, and/or - characterized in that the combustion air heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger is designed as a gas-gas heat exchanger and/or as an electrical heat exchanger and/or as a gas-thermal oil heat exchanger, and/or - characterized in that the combustion air heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger and/or the control unit are designed to provide an exhaust gas temperature downstream of the combustion air heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger of a maximum of 400°C, in particular a maximum of 300°C. Incinerator according to at least one of the preceding claims, - characterized in that the control unit is designed to provide a minimum temperature in the combustion chamber of 850°C and/or a maximum temperature in the combustion chamber of 1250°C, and/or - characterized in that the control unit is designed to provide an operating pressure of -1.5 mbar to 1.5 mbar in the combustion chamber, in particular by controlling the exhaust fan, and / or - characterized in that the control unit is designed to increase the output of the exhaust fan from an operating pressure of 1.5 mbar in the combustion chamber and / or to end the combustion process from an operating pressure of 10 mbar in the combustion chamber, and / or - characterized in that the control unit is designed in such a way to ensure a residence time of the harmful gas in the combustion chamber of at least 0.3 s and/or the combustion system, in particular the combustion chamber, is dimensioned in such a way that a residence time of the harmful gas in the combustion chamber is at least 0, 3 s ensure and/or - characterized in that the combustion system, in particular the burner arrangement, preferably the supporting gas burner and/or the noxious gas burner, has or have a thermal output of between 50 kW and 10,000 kW. Method for incinerating noxious gas (200), in particular noxious gas with a supply pressure of 0 to 35 mbar and/or corrosive and/or crystal-forming and/or vapor-covered noxious gas and/or noxious gas with a supply temperature of over 50°C, comprising the steps: - Providing (201) a mobile combustion system for harmful gas, preferably a mobile combustion system according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the mobile combustion system has a closed combustion chamber with a burner arrangement for the combustion of harmful gas and/or support gas, and wherein the mobile combustion system has an exhaust pipe for has discharge of combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber, - Supplying (202) combustion air to the burner arrangement through a combustion air line with a combustion air fan, preferably designed as a fan or as a Venturi fan, with at least part of the combustion air being guided through a combustion heat exchanger, - heating (203) at least part of the combustion air by means of at least part of the combustion exhaust gas with the combustion air heat exchanger, preferably to a temperature between 300°C and 750°C, - discharging (211) the combustion exhaust gas through the exhaust pipe by means of an exhaust gas fan which is arranged downstream of the combustion air heat exchanger. Method for burning noxious gas according to at least one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps: - Controlling (202a) the proportion of combustion air that is guided through a first combustion air duct of the combustion air line, which runs through the combustion air heat exchanger, and/or - Controlling (202b) the proportion of combustion air that is guided through a second combustion air duct of the combustion air line, which does not run through the combustion air heat exchanger. Method for burning noxious gas according to at least one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps: - Providing (204) a support gas burner and a noxious gas burner, wherein preferably the support gas burner and the noxious gas burner are each connected to the combustion air line, - Supplying (205) the preheated combustion air from the first combustion air duct in whole or in part to the noxious gas burner. Method for burning noxious gas according to at least one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps: - supplying (206) noxious gas to the noxious gas burner through a noxious gas line, wherein the noxious gas line is preferably designed without a fan, and/or - heating (208) at least part of the noxious gas by means of the combustion exhaust gas with a noxious gas heat exchanger, and/or - Combustion (210) of noxious gas and/or supporting gas in a closed combustion chamber. Method for burning noxious gas according to at least one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps: - Controlling (207a) the proportion of noxious gas that is passed through a first noxious gas channel of the noxious gas line, which runs through the noxious gas heat exchanger, and/or - Controlling (207b) the proportion of harmful gas that is passed through a second harmful gas channel of the harmful gas line, which does not run through the harmful gas heat exchanger. Method for burning noxious gas according to at least one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps: - Connecting (201a) the mobile incinerator to a harmful gas source and/or - Combustion of noxious gas at sea, for example on a ship and/or on an offshore structure, and/or - Connecting the combustion system to a chimney system, preferably arranged outside of a mobile support platform, with the combustion chamber, the combustion air line with the combustion air fan, the exhaust gas line with the exhaust gas fan and the combustion air heat exchanger being arranged on the mobile support platform and being transportable together with the support platform. Method for burning noxious gas according to at least one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps: - Providing (231) an exhaust gas temperature downstream of the combustion air heat exchanger and/or the noxious gas heat exchanger of at most 400°C, in particular at most 300°C, preferably by means of control with the control unit, and/or - Providing (232) a minimum temperature in the combustion chamber of 850°C and/or a maximum temperature in the combustion chamber of 1250°C, preferably by means of control with the control unit, and/or - Providing (233) an operating pressure of -1.5 mbar to 1.5 mbar in the combustion chamber, in particular by controlling the exhaust gas fan, and/or - increasing (234) the performance of the exhaust fan from an operating pressure of 1.5 mbar in the combustion chamber and/or ending the combustion process from an operating pressure of 10 mbar in the combustion chamber, and/or - ensuring (235) a dwell time of the noxious gas in the combustion chamber of at least 0.3 s by means of the control device, and/or - Providing (236) a thermal output of the combustion system, in particular the burner arrangement, preferably the supporting gas burner and/or the harmful gas burner, between 50 kW and 10,000 kW. Use of a mobile incinerator (1) according to at least one of claims 1-7, for burning noxious gas with a Supply pressure from 0 to 35 mbar and/or for corrosive and/or crystal-forming and/or vapor-covered noxious gas and/or for noxious gas with a supply temperature of over 50°C.

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