EP4168706A1 - Verfahren und anlage zur betankung eines fahrzeugtanks - Google Patents
Verfahren und anlage zur betankung eines fahrzeugtanksInfo
- Publication number
- EP4168706A1 EP4168706A1 EP21716410.2A EP21716410A EP4168706A1 EP 4168706 A1 EP4168706 A1 EP 4168706A1 EP 21716410 A EP21716410 A EP 21716410A EP 4168706 A1 EP4168706 A1 EP 4168706A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- refueling
- vehicle
- gas
- refueling system
- vehicle tank
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010801 machine learning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0338—Pressure regulators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/03—Control means
- F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/043—Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0439—Temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0443—Flow or movement of content
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
- F17C2250/0605—Parameters
- F17C2250/0626—Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
- F17C2260/025—Reducing transfer time
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
- F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refuelling vehicle fuel tanks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
- F17C2270/0139—Fuel stations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for refueling a vehicle tank of a vehicle with a gas.
- Fuel cells allow the chemical reaction energy of a continuously supplied fuel and an oxidizing agent to be converted into electrical energy.
- other gases can also be used as fuel, in particular methanol, butane or natural gas.
- the electrical energy obtained by the fuel cell can be used to drive an electric drive, in particular in a vehicle.
- vehicles include various types of vehicles, in particular cars, trucks, Häma machines, buses, locomotives, etc.
- the fuel that is fed to the fuel cell is stored in a vehicle tank.
- the vehicle tank is connected to a refueling system for refueling.
- the vehicle tank can then be filled with a gaseous and / or liquid medium.
- the refueling system has one or more fuel pumps with which the energy supply of mobile consumers or vehicles can be refilled.
- a gas-powered vehicle can be refueled according to a specified protocol, without a protocol or as requested by the manufacturer.
- a hydrogen-powered vehicle can be refueled by a refueling system in accordance with protocol J2601 or J2799.
- conventional refueling methods have the disadvantage that they either do not completely fill the vehicle tank of the vehicle or that the refueling process as a whole requires a long period of time. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method and a system for refueling a vehicle tank of a vehicle with a gas which it allows to fill the vehicle tank quickly and completely.
- the invention accordingly provides a method for refueling a vehicle tank of a vehicle with a gas that is delivered to the vehicle tank by a refueling system connected to the vehicle in a refueling process, the method comprising the following steps: Simulating a system that the refueling system and includes the vehicle tank of the vehicle to be refueled, by a computer of the refueling system based on a stored simulation model of the system using measurement data generated in real time by sensors of the refueling system during the refueling process, for calculating control parameters,
- Actuation of one or more actuators of the refueling system according to the manipulated variables generated by the set controller of the refueling system.
- One advantage of the method according to the invention is that it enables log-free refueling of the vehicle tank by the refueling system. There is therefore no need for any data interface between the fueling system and the vehicle to enable the vehicle's tank to be refueled.
- the refueling installation of the system has one or more high-pressure tanks that store the gas in compressed form.
- sensors of the refueling system generate measurement data that indicate a pressure, a temperature and / or a mass flow of the gas released by the refueling system during the refueling process at one or more points in a gas line that the high-pressure tank of the Betan
- the fueling system connects to the vehicle tank of the vehicle connected to the fueling system.
- the controller controls a pressure valve as an actuator of the refueling system, which is provided along the gas line.
- the volume of the vehicle tank and the initial conditions are determined or identified at the beginning of the refueling process.
- These initial conditions include, for example, an outside temperature and a pre-pressure prevailing in the vehicle tank.
- the volume of the vehicle tank and the initial conditions of the system to be simulated using a Measurement determined in which the gas line is subjected to a brief high mass flow of the gas with the pressure valve open, a system response of the system being recorded and evaluated by the computer of the fueling system to determine the vehicle tank volume and the initial conditions of the system to be simulated.
- the simulation model of the system is loaded from a data memory by the computer of the refueling system.
- the refueling process takes place log-free without the exchange of control signals between the vehicle and the computer of the refueling system.
- the simulation model comprises a real-time simulation model which describes the system using differential equations.
- the vehicle tank of the vehicle is refueled with hydrogen gas or another gas by the refueling system.
- the gas delivered by the refueling system in the refueling process to the vehicle tank of the vehicle is cooled by a heat exchanger of the refueling system.
- the gas flows during the refueling process from the high-pressure tank of the refueling system in a mass flow through a gas line of the refueling system via at least one actuator of the fueling system operated by the controller and a heat exchanger of the fueling system to the vehicle tank of the vehicle that is connected to the fueling system via a hose,
- measurement data relating to pressure, temperature and mass flow are generated by sensors of the fueling system at various points on the gas line and transmitted to the fueling system's computer in real time to simulate the system.
- the setting of the controller of the fueling system takes place cyclically and regularly within a first adjustable time interval of preferably one to ten seconds.
- the actuation of the actuator of the refueling system takes place cyclically and regularly within a second adjustable time interval of preferably one to ten milliseconds in accordance with the manipulated variables generated by the controller of the refueling system.
- the invention also provides, according to a further aspect, a refueling system for refueling a vehicle tank of a vehicle with gas with the characteristics specified in claim 15 paint.
- the invention accordingly creates a refueling system for refueling a vehicle tank of a vehicle with gas, in particular with hydrogen, in a refueling process, with: a computer that has a system that includes the refueling system and the vehicle tank of the vehicle to be refueled, based on a stored Simulation model of the system based on measurement data generated in real time by sensors of the fueling system during the refueling process who simulated to calculate control parameters; and with at least one controller which is adjustable with control parameters that are calculated by the computer by simulating the system in order to generate manipulated variables for actuating an associated actuator of the refueling system during the refueling process.
- Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram to illustrate a possible
- Fig. 2 is a flow chart to explain the Austrac approximately example of a method according to the invention for refueling a vehicle tank; 3 shows a further diagram for explaining the function of a system according to the invention for refueling a vehicle tank;
- FIG. 4, 5 flow charts to explain possible implementation variants of a fueling system according to the invention and a method according to the invention for refueling a vehicle tank.
- a refueling system 1 is used to refuel a vehicle tank 2 which is located inside a vehicle 3.
- the driving generating tank 2 is used to store the gas filled therein.
- the refueling system 1 is provided, for example, for refueling a vehicle tank 2 with hydrogen.
- the refueling system 1 can also be seen easily for refueling the vehicle tank 2 with other gases, for example with natural gas, methanol or butane.
- the vehicle 3 can be any vehicle, for example a car, truck or train.
- the vehicle 3 has a drive which draws electrical energy from at least one fuel cell, which burns the gas stored in the vehicle tank 2 of the vehicle 3 and generates electrical energy from it.
- the vehicle 3 can also be a transport vehicle which transports the gas filled in the vehicle tank 2 from one location to another.
- the refueling system 1 shown in Fig. 1 contains at least one high-pressure tank 8, in which gas is stored under high pressure ge.
- the refueling system 1 has one or more high-pressure tanks 8 which can store the gas in compressed form.
- the high-pressure tank 8 is via a gas line 9 connected to a gas connection 13 of the refueling system 1.
- At least one actuator 7, for example a pressure valve, and a heat exchanger 11 are located in the gas line 9.
- the vehicle tank 2 of the vehicle 3 can be connected to the gas connection 13 of the refueling system 1 via a hose 12, as shown in FIG.
- the actuator 7, i.e. the pressure control valve is controlled by a controller 5.
- the controller 5 supplies manipulated variables SG for the actuator 7.
- the refueling system 1 has a computer 4 which simulates the system on the basis of a stored simulation model SIM-MOD of the system using measurement data MD for calculating control parameters RP.
- the simulation model of the system is stored in a data memory 10.
- the refueling system 1 has various sensors 6 which deliver measured data MD in real time to the computer 4 of the refueling system 1.
- the computer 4 simulates the relevant system for calculating the control parameters RP using the measurement data MD obtained, which are generated in real time by the sensors 6 of the fueling system 1 during the refueling process.
- the controller 5 of the refueling system 1 is adjustable with the re gel parameters RP, which are calculated by the computer 4.
- the controller 5 generates manipulated variables SG for actuation of the associated actuator 7 of the refueling system 1 during the refueling process.
- the sensors 6 supply measurement data MD with regard to a pressure P and a temperature T at different sections of the gas line 9 which connect the high-pressure tank 8 to the gas connection 13 connects.
- the sensors 6-1, 6-2 supply the pressure PI and the
- the sensors 6-3, 6-4 supply the pressure P2 and the temperature T2 as measurement data MD on a second section of the gas line 9 between the actuator 7 and the heat exchanger 11.
- the computer 4 and the data memory 10 for storing the simulation model are located in the fueling system 1.
- the computer 4 can be connected to the fueling system 1 via a data network.
- the computer 4 communicates via a data network, for example the Internet, via a data interface with the controller 5 provided in the refueling system 1.
- the simulation model 10 can be located in an external data memory or data network to which the computer 4 has access.
- Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a possible embodiment of a method according to the invention for refueling a vehicle tank 2 of a vehicle 3 with a gas.
- a system comprising the gas-storing and gas-carrying part of the refueling system 1 and the vehicle tank 2 of the vehicle 3 to be refueled is carried out by the computer 4 of the refueling system 1 on the basis of a stored simulation model SIM-MOD of the system using measurement data MD simulates.
- the computer 4 receives these measurement data MD in real time from the sensors 6 of the refueling installation 1, which generate the measurement data MD during the refueling process.
- the computer 4 simulates the gas system, wel Ches the gas-storing part of the refueling system 1, ie the high-pressure tank 8, and the gas-carrying part of the refueling system 1, ie the various sections of the Gaslei device 9, as well as the connected vehicle tank 2 of the tank to be refueled Vehicle 3 includes, for calculating control parameters RP. These calculated control parameters RP are transmitted to the controller 5.
- step S2 the controller 5 of the refueling system 1 is set with the control parameters RP calculated by the simulation of the gas system for generating manipulated variables SG.
- the actuator 7 of the fueling system 1 is actuated in accordance with the manipulated variables SG generated by the set controller 5.
- a pressure control valve is gradually opened or closed in accordance with a manipulated variable SG generated by the controller 5.
- the volume of the vehicle tank 2 and the initial conditions 14 are preferably ascertained or determined at the beginning of the refueling process.
- the starting conditions 14 include, for example, an outside temperature T_amb and / or a temperature in the vehicle tank 2 of the vehicle. ges 3 prevailing pre-pressure P before the refueling process.
- the volume of the driving vehicle tank 2 and the initial conditions 14 of the gas system to be simulie-generating are determined using a measurement in which the gas line 9 with a brief high mass flow M of the gas at open pressure valve 7 is applied, where a system response of the gas system is recorded.
- the recorded system response of the gas system is then evaluated by the computer 4 to determine the vehicle tank volume of the vehicle tank 2 with the prevailing starting conditions of the gas system to be simulated.
- the method shown in Fig. 2 allows a refueling process, which can be carried out without protocol without exchanging control signals between the vehicle 3 and the computer 4 of the fueling system 1 Be.
- the simulation model SIM-MOD stored in the data memory 10 of the refueling system 1 is a real-time simulation model which the gas system writes on the basis of differential equations.
- the simulation model can be created using MATLAB / Simulink, for example.
- the simulation model contains differential equations which describe the physical components of the gas system, ie the gas-storing and gas-carrying components of the refueling system 1 and the gas-storing vehicle tank 2.
- the State-Space Model can be used to represent a linear time-invariant system.
- the state space model describes the system by means of a sentence of differential equations with inputs, outputs and state variables.
- the state space model allows the system to be described not only on the basis of the input and output behavior, but also through internal states using state variables.
- At least one actuator 7 is set with control variables SG of a controller 5.
- the actuators 7 can include pressure valves, pumps, current or voltage sources, which are controlled by the controller 5 of the refueling system 1.
- Different types of regulators 5 are possible.
- the controller 5 is a P controller, an I controller, a PI controller or a PID controller.
- a state space controller 5 is preferably used in order to carry out a state space control.
- the state room controller can be supplemented with an observer to increase the control quality.
- the measurement data are preferably sampled. In one possible embodiment, this is done with the aid of a PLC control unit.
- analog-digital converters can be provided in order to deliver digital measurement data MD to the computer 4 of the refueling system 1 in real time.
- Fig. 3 explains the functioning of a refueling system 1 according to the invention and the method shown in Fig. 2 for refueling a vehicle tank 2.
- Step SO is shown in addition to steps S1, S2, S3, which include the main steps of the inventive method.
- the measurement data MD received from the sensor system 6 of the refueling system 1 is used to determine the Catch conditions 14 and a volume of the vehicle tank 2.
- the initial conditions 14 for the system include, for example, a temperature and a pre-pressure prevailing in the vehicle tank 2.
- the simulation model can be initialized 15 with the identified parameters.
- the step SO is typically carried out once at the beginning of the refueling process.
- Steps S1 and S2 of the method according to the invention are typically performed cyclically and regularly within a first adjustable time intervals of, for example, one to ten seconds.
- the third step S3 of the method according to the invention he follows through the controller 5 of the refueling system 1 also cyclically regularly within a second adjustable time interval of, for example, one to ten milliseconds.
- the actuator 7 of the refueling system 1 is set cyclically and regularly on the basis of the measurement data MD in accordance with the manipulated variables SG generated by the controller 5 of the refueling system 1.
- FIGS. 4, 5 show various implementation possibilities of a control carried out in the refueling system 1 according to the invention with the aid of a simulation model.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows a control system with a closed control loop.
- the regulated system GS which includes the gas system of the refueling system 1 and the vehicle tank 2 of the vehicle 3 to be refueled, is influenced by the manipulated variables SG of the controller 5.
- the controller 5 sets a pressure valve 7 according to the manipulated variables SG.
- the output variables AG of the regulated system GS which are measured by sensors 6 of the refueling system 1, are fed back in a closed loop to a subtractor Sub and subtracted from corresponding input variables EG or setpoint values for calculating deviations Abw. These deviations Abw are fed to the controller 5 of the refueling system 1.
- 4 also shows schematically the influence of disturbances SV and measurement errors MF on the regulation.
- the simulation model used is a real-time simulation model which describes the system to be examined using differential equations.
- the real-time simulation model can be created with MATLAB / Simulink, for example.
- the manipulated variable SG (manipulated variable) is dependent on the state variables ZV and an input variable EG (command variable).
- the control Para meter K serves as projectsserienauf S cnies, the predetermined conditions are met.
- the eigenvectors of the system are influenced by the vector k T and thus also the dynamic matrix of the system.
- the regulated system GS comprises the gas system of the refueling system 1 and the vehicle tank 2 of the vehicle 3 connected to it via the hose 12.
- the simulation model SIM-MOD created is stored in a data memory 10 in a preferred embodiment.
- the simulation model SIM-MOD can also be learned using test data in a machine learning process.
- a simulation model can be generated with the help of an AI system based on experience with a large number of refueling processes. Mixed forms are also possible Lich, with an AI system calculating certain parameters in the simulation model.
- the refueling process shown in Figures 2, 3 is preferably started manually by a user of the vehicle 3. For example, it can be automatically recognized by sensors in a tank pistol that a coupling has been established in the vehicle 3 via a hose 12. A subsequent pressure surge can also be used to check and ensure the tightness of the coupling.
- the initial conditions 14 and the volume of the vehicle tank 2 are then determined in step SO. Using the method according to the invention and the fueling system 1 according to the invention, the vehicle tank 2 can be completely filled in a short time without the need for communication signals to be exchanged between the refueling system 1 and the vehicle 3 is required.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20172819.3A EP3907424A1 (de) | 2020-05-04 | 2020-05-04 | Verfahren und anlage zur betankung eines fahrzeugtanks |
| PCT/EP2021/058740 WO2021223946A1 (de) | 2020-05-04 | 2021-04-01 | Verfahren und anlage zur betankung eines fahrzeugtanks |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4168706A1 true EP4168706A1 (de) | 2023-04-26 |
Family
ID=70553797
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20172819.3A Withdrawn EP3907424A1 (de) | 2020-05-04 | 2020-05-04 | Verfahren und anlage zur betankung eines fahrzeugtanks |
| EP21716410.2A Withdrawn EP4168706A1 (de) | 2020-05-04 | 2021-04-01 | Verfahren und anlage zur betankung eines fahrzeugtanks |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20172819.3A Withdrawn EP3907424A1 (de) | 2020-05-04 | 2020-05-04 | Verfahren und anlage zur betankung eines fahrzeugtanks |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP3907424A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021223946A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024186174A1 (ko) * | 2023-03-09 | 2024-09-12 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 제어 모델을 이용하는 수소 연료공급 방법 및 장치 |
| WO2025150957A1 (ko) * | 2024-01-12 | 2025-07-17 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 수소 연료공급을 위한 특화된 인공신경망 모델을 제공하는 장치 및 방법 |
| WO2025150977A1 (ko) * | 2024-01-12 | 2025-07-17 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 인공신경망 모델의 예측시간 사이클 제어를 이용하여 최적화된 수소 연료공급 방법 및 그 제어 장치 |
| KR20250110757A (ko) * | 2024-01-12 | 2025-07-21 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 주어진 연료공급 프로토콜을 개선하기 위한 모델 기반 수소 연료공급 방법 및 그 방법을 이용하는 제어 장치 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9347614B2 (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2016-05-24 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method and system for tank refilling using active fueling speed control |
| EP3002497B1 (de) * | 2014-09-30 | 2018-07-04 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Reduzierung von Druckspitzen während der Abgabe von Wasserstoff |
| JP6150839B2 (ja) * | 2015-04-14 | 2017-06-21 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料充填システム及びその燃料充填方法 |
| EP3144577B1 (de) * | 2015-09-21 | 2018-08-01 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Verfahren zum betrieb einer wasserstoffabgabeeinheit |
-
2020
- 2020-05-04 EP EP20172819.3A patent/EP3907424A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2021
- 2021-04-01 EP EP21716410.2A patent/EP4168706A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-04-01 WO PCT/EP2021/058740 patent/WO2021223946A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3907424A1 (de) | 2021-11-10 |
| WO2021223946A1 (de) | 2021-11-11 |
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