EP4157745A1 - Biodegradable capsules - Google Patents

Biodegradable capsules

Info

Publication number
EP4157745A1
EP4157745A1 EP21729519.5A EP21729519A EP4157745A1 EP 4157745 A1 EP4157745 A1 EP 4157745A1 EP 21729519 A EP21729519 A EP 21729519A EP 4157745 A1 EP4157745 A1 EP 4157745A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
formulation
capsule
silicates
enclosure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21729519.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Max SANDHERR
Jacques Schaeffer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
My Tea Cup AG
Original Assignee
My Tea Cup AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by My Tea Cup AG filed Critical My Tea Cup AG
Publication of EP4157745A1 publication Critical patent/EP4157745A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/70—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for
    • B65D85/804—Disposable containers or packages with contents which are mixed, infused or dissolved in situ, i.e. without having been previously removed from the package
    • B65D85/8043—Packages adapted to allow liquid to pass through the contents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/70—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for
    • B65D85/804—Disposable containers or packages with contents which are mixed, infused or dissolved in situ, i.e. without having been previously removed from the package
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0001—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14778—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the article consisting of a material with particular properties, e.g. porous, brittle
    • B29C45/14811—Multilayered articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1642—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles having a "sandwich" structure
    • B29C45/1643—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles having a "sandwich" structure from at least three different materials or with at least four layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B29K2067/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B7/00—Closing containers or receptacles after filling
    • B65B7/16—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B65B7/28—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons by applying separate preformed closures, e.g. lids, covers
    • B65B7/2842—Securing closures on containers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of closed biodegradable and compostable capsules, by industrial composting and / or by domestic composting, for single use, containing at least one substance in powder form for the preparation of a drink, for example coffee. , intended to be extracted under pressure.
  • the pre-dosed and prepackaged portions of coffee are widely used in making espresso-type coffees because they are simple and easy to use.
  • capsules There are generally two types of capsules on the market, rigid capsules typically consisting of a container and a seal, and flexible capsules containing filter layers.
  • the present invention relates to the first category of capsule.
  • Rigid capsules of the Nespresso® type are widely used in Europe. These capsules comprise a body or container and a cap which are traditionally made essentially of aluminum.
  • capsules there are also capsules, the lid and body of which are made of plastics.
  • the capsules currently on the market do not meet the three requirements, (i) biodegradable under industrial composting conditions, (ii) biodegradable under domestic composting conditions and (iii) barrier function to oxygen and water vapor .
  • the present invention relates to a closed capsule 1, intended to be extracted under pressure, containing a substance in powder form for the preparation of a drink, said capsule comprising an enclosure 2 with a bottom 3 and a side wall 4 having a circular rim 5, and a cover (6) welded to the periphery of the rim of the enclosure, characterized in that the bottom, the side wall and the circular rim are formed by injection molding of at least one formulation comprising:
  • the formulation comprises from 50 to 99.9% by weight, preferably from 75 to 99.5% by weight, advantageously from 90 to 99% by weight, of the polymer (s) chosen (s) from polyhydroxybutyrate, such as polyhydroxybutyrate / hydroxyvalerate and mixtures thereof, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
  • the formulation comprises from 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 25% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of ingredient (s) chosen from silicates, vitamin E, plasticized animal or plant proteins, or mixtures thereof, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
  • ingredient (s) chosen from silicates, vitamin E, plasticized animal or plant proteins, or mixtures thereof, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
  • the formulation further comprises
  • At least one polyvinyl alcohol preferably in an amount ranging from 1 to 30% by weight, preferably from 2 to 20% by weight, advantageously from 5 to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the formulation .
  • the formulation comprises less than 1% by weight of PVOH, preferably less than 0.5% by weight of PVOH, relative to the total weight of the formulation. More specifically, according to one embodiment of the invention, the formulation is free from PVOH.
  • the BET specific surface area of the silicates ranges from 1 to 250 m 2 / g and / or the median diameter of the silicates ranges from 0.5 to 20 ⁇ m and / or the dimensional form factor of the silicates is greater than or equal to 1 : 2.
  • the silicates are chosen from aluminum silicates, aluminum and magnesium silicates, preferably from aluminum silicates.
  • the formulation further comprises one or more additives chosen from mineral fillers other than silicates, peroxide-type products, vitamins other than vitamin E, vegetable or animal waxes.
  • said additive (s) represent from 0.05 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of the total weight of the formulation.
  • the capsule meets the EN standard
  • the capsule contains at least 60% by weight of bio-based material.
  • the bottom, the side wall and the circular rim are formed by injection molding in a single layer of said formulation in a mold.
  • the cover consists of a monolayer or multilayer film in one or more materials chosen from biodegradable materials, preferably chosen from paper, nonwovens, cellulose, layers. SiOx, polylactic acid polymers, polyhydroxyalkanoates, hybrid layers of organic polymer and inorganic fibers, layers coated with polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol, layers metallized for example using aluminum , these layers of material being able to be separated by a layer of glue.
  • the cover consists of a multilayer consisting of: i) a film of paper or filter paper, ii) a barrier layer, and iii) a layer of nonwoven, said layer of nonwoven. -woven being inside the capsule.
  • the barrier layer consists of one or more layers chosen from: - a hybrid barrier layer organic polymer and inorganic compounds, and / or
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a capsule according to the invention, comprising the steps: a) Preparation of the formulation by mixing the ingredients, b) injection molding of the formulation obtained in step a) in a mold to form a layer of the enclosure, optionally one or more layers of the enclosure can be injection molded, using a formulation different from the formulation of step a), c) filling the enclosure with the substance in powder form, d) closing the enclosure using the cap to form the capsule.
  • the capsules according to the invention meet the compostability standard EN 13432, they are then said to be biodegradable under industrial composting conditions.
  • the capsules according to the invention are biodegradable under domestic composting conditions according to French recommendations. In particular, they meet the NF T 51800 (2015) standard. The capsules according to the invention will typically meet the Australian standard AS 5810 (2010).
  • the capsules according to the invention typically comprise at least 60% by weight of materials of bio-based origin.
  • the capsules according to the invention are stable on storage since they have a good seal against oxygen and water vapor. In particular, they can be stored and kept for at least 12 months before being consumed.
  • the capsules according to the invention are compatible with Nespresso® machines.
  • the capsules according to the invention exhibit a barrier function, that is to say that they will typically exhibit an oxygen permeability of less than 3.0 x 10 -3 cm 3 / capsule / 24hrs at 0.21 atm at 23 ° C and 50% RH (relative humidity), preferably equal to or less than 2.5 x 10 3 cm 3 / capsule / 24 hours at 0.21 atm at 23 ° C and 50% RH, more preferably equal to or less than 1.5 x 10 3 cm 3 / capsule / 24 hours at 0.21 atm at 23 ° C and 50% RH, measured according to ASTM F1307 or ISO 15105-2.
  • RH relative humidity
  • the capsules according to the invention are compostable, by industrial composting and / or by home composting, advantageously they are compostable both by industrial composting and by home composting.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an enclosure implemented according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a capsule implemented according to the invention.
  • the present invention relates to a sealed capsule in the form of an individual portion, adapted to be extracted under pressure, containing at least one edible substance in powder form, for the preparation of a drink such as ground coffee, tea or coffee. soluble powders.
  • the capsule is adapted to be opened under the effect of the increase in pressure when an extraction liquid is injected.
  • the capsule according to the invention consists of at least 95% by weight of biodegradable materials, preferably 100% of biodegradable materials.
  • biodegradable is meant a material capable of decomposing under the action of living organisms, such as bacteria, fungi or algae, to transform for example into carbon dioxide, water and / or methane.
  • the capsule according to the invention comprises an enclosure and a cover welded to the periphery of the rim of the enclosure.
  • the enclosure thus comprises a bottom and a side wall having a circular rim.
  • the circular rim makes it possible to hold the capsule when it is introduced into a machine as well as to create a sealing zone when it is used in said machine, such as a coffee machine.
  • the capsule enclosure is typically prepared by one-piece molding of the bottom, side wall, and circular rim, from a formulation.
  • This one-piece molding can be performed in one or more layers, it being understood that at least one layer consists of the formulation described in the invention.
  • each coat will be a different formulation.
  • the molding of the enclosure is performed in two layers, it could be one layer of the formulation of the invention and a barrier layer consisting of, for example, polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH).
  • PVOH polyvinyl alcohol
  • barrier layer constituted, for example, of PVOH.
  • the molding of the enclosure is carried out in a single layer of the formulation of the invention.
  • the formulation includes:
  • PVOH polyvinyl alcohol
  • all of the ingredients in the formulation are biodegradable.
  • the PHBs are chosen from poly3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate (PHBH) polymers, polyhydroxybutyrate / hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) polymers, and their mixture.
  • the silicates are chosen from aluminum silicates, aluminum and magnesium silicates, preferably from aluminum silicates.
  • the silicates are chosen from phyllosilicates, preferably aluminum phyllosilicates.
  • the phyllosilicates are chosen from kaolinites, halloysites, and their mixture.
  • the aluminum silicates are kaolins.
  • the silicates preferably aluminum silicates, have a particle size with a median diameter measured by laser particle size distribution ranging from 0.5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and / or a specific surface area (BET method) ranging from 1 to 250 m 2 / g.
  • these silicates have dimensional form factors greater than or equal to 1: 2, advantageously greater than or equal to 1: 4, and particularly greater than or equal to 1: 6, we can then speak of acicular shape.
  • the form factor can be determined by microscopy, for example by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
  • SEM scanning electron microscopy
  • the silicates typically of acicular form, will have one or even two nanometric dimensions (from 1 nm to 100 nm), it being understood that these silicates comprise at least one micrometric dimension (from 1 ⁇ m to less than 1 mm) , this in order to respect the standards relating to food contact.
  • This nano / micro sizing will allow the introduction of a lower quantity of silicates, compared to a micrometric carbonate or talc and has at least 2 advantages:
  • the formulation comprises:
  • polymer (i) from 50 to 99.9% by weight, preferably from 75 to 99.5% by weight, advantageously from 90 to 99% by weight, of polymer (s) chosen from among PHBs,
  • ingredient (ii) from 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 25% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of ingredient (s) chosen from silicates, vitamin E, plasticized vegetable or animal proteins, or their mixtures, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
  • the formulation comprises:
  • polymer (i) from 50 to 99.9% by weight, preferably from 75 to 99.5% by weight, advantageously from 90 to 99% by weight, of polymer (s) chosen from among PHBs,
  • ingredient (ii) from 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 25% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of ingredient (s) chosen from silicates, vitamin E, or their mixtures, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
  • the formulation comprises:
  • polymer (i) from 50 to 99.9% by weight, preferably from 75 to 99.5% by weight, advantageously from 90 to 99% by weight, of polymer (s) chosen from among polyhydroxybutyrate / hydroxyvalerate (PHBV ),
  • the formulation comprises:
  • polymer (i) from 50 to 98.9% by weight, preferably from 75 to 97.5% by weight, advantageously from 80 to 94% by weight, of polymer (s) chosen from among PHBs,
  • ingredient (ii) from 0.1 to 40% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 25% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of ingredient (s) chosen from aluminum silicates , plasticized vegetable or animal proteins, vitamin E, or their mixtures,
  • the formulation comprises:
  • polymer (i) from 50 to 98.9% by weight, preferably from 75 to 97.5% by weight, advantageously from 80 to 94% by weight, of polymer (s) chosen from among PHBVs,
  • the formulation comprises:
  • PHBH polyhydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate
  • PHBV polyhydroxybutyrate / hydroxyvalerate
  • the formulation comprises:
  • PHBH polyhydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate
  • PHBV polyhydroxybutyrate / hydroxyvalerate
  • the formulation comprises:
  • PHBV polyhydroxybutyrate / hydroxyvalerate
  • the formulation can optionally further comprise one or more additives chosen from mineral fillers other than silicates, peroxide-type products, vitamins other than vitamin E, vegetable or animal waxes.
  • said additive or additives represent from 0.05 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of the total weight of the formulation.
  • the formulation consists entirely of biodegradable materials.
  • the formulation used in the invention is typically produced by extrusion, preferably by twin-screw extrusion. A formulation in the form of granules can then be obtained.
  • the capsule meets the EN 13432 standard.
  • the capsule according to the invention contains at least 60% by weight of materials of biobased origin, relative to the total weight of the capsule.
  • the content of materials of bio-based origin can be determined according to standard IS016620-1 -3.
  • the capsule contains a substance in powder form for the preparation of a drink.
  • the drink will preferably be coffee, tea, a chocolate product, preferably coffee.
  • the substance in powder form for preparing coffee may be roasted and ground coffee, soluble coffee or a mixture thereof.
  • the capsule according to the invention can be prepared by the following process: a) Preparation of the formulation by extrusion of the ingredients, b) injection molding of the formulation in a mold to form a layer of the enclosure, optionally one or more others layers of the enclosure can be injection molded, typically using at least one formulation different from the formulation of step a), for example using a PVOH formulation, c) filling the enclosure with the substance in powder form, d) closing the enclosure using the cap to form the capsule.
  • the preparation process comprises a single injection molding step using the formulation defined in the invention.
  • the enclosure according to the invention will then, according to this embodiment, consist of a single layer of formulation defined in the invention.
  • the enclosure generally has a thickness ranging from 0.2 to 1 mm, preferably 0.5 to 0.8 mm.
  • the bottom of the enclosure is suitable for being perforated and may optionally include a recess.
  • the circular rim is formed during the production of the enclosure by thermoplastic injection in a mold having the appropriate shape.
  • Said circular rim may have a width ranging from 1 to 4 mm.
  • the main function of the circular rim is to abut against an edge of a capsule holder of the beverage maker during the phase of extracting the beverage, for example coffee, and thus allow the firm hold of the beverage. the capsule during pressure build-up.
  • the mold for the injection will typically thus comprise a bottom, a side wall and a circular rim, in order to obtain each of the layers of the enclosure, preferably the enclosure will consist of a single layer of the formulation of the compound. 'invention.
  • the cover typically has a dimension calibrated so as to conform to the contour of the circular rim of the enclosure of the capsule, thus closing the enclosure.
  • the substance in powder form preferably ground coffee, is therefore trapped in the hollow chamber.
  • the seal will be glued or heat-sealed to the circular rim of the capsule enclosure.
  • the cover consists of a biodegradable film.
  • the cover may be a single-layer or multi-layer film with a total thickness ranging from 90 to 300 ⁇ m.
  • the cover can thus be made up of one or more layers of materials chosen from paper, nonwovens, cellulose, barrier layers, these layers of material that can be separated by a layer of glue, which would itself be biodegradable.
  • PLA polylactic acid
  • PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
  • barrier layers mention may be made of SiOx layers, PLAs, hybrid organic polymer layers and inorganic fibers, layers coated with PVOH (polyvinyl alcohol) or EVOH (copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol), metallized layers for example using aluminum, the barrier layers produced by vaporization (plasma deposition or by vacuum).
  • PVOH polyvinyl alcohol
  • EVOH copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol
  • barrier is meant the ability of a material to limit or reduce the passage of oxygen and / or water vapor or humidity, we can then speak of barrier layer to oxygen and / or humidity.
  • layers comprising polycondensates of silicic acid modified with organic groups and inorganic compounds.
  • organic groups mention may be made of polycaprolactones, chitosan and celluloses.
  • Silicic acid polycondensate contains Si-O-Si bonds.
  • the inorganic compounds mention may be made of silicon cations optionally in combination with other cations such as aluminum, titanium, boron or zirconium.
  • a cover consisting of: i) a film based on baking paper, ii) a layer of glue and / or a barrier layer, iii) a layer of nonwoven, once implemented in the capsule, layer i ) is the outer layer and layer iii) is the layer inside the capsule;
  • a cover consisting of: i) a film based on filter paper, ii) a barrier layer, iii) a barrier film such as a cellulose film or PLA film, iv) a non-woven layer, once applied implemented in the capsule, layer i) is the outer layer and layer iv) is the layer inside the capsule; - a cover consisting of: i) a cellulose film, for example of the Bachflex® type, ii) a nonwoven layer, once implemented in the capsule, layer i) is the outer layer and layer ii) is the layer inside the capsule;
  • a cover consisting of: i) a film of paper or filter paper, ii) a hybrid barrier layer organic polymer and inorganic compounds, iii) an SiOx barrier layer, iv) a cellulose barrier film, v) a non-woven layer , once implemented in the capsule, the layer i) is the outer layer and the layer v) is the layer inside the capsule.
  • the enclosure 2 consists of a bottom 3 of substantially circular shape and a side wall 4 provided with a circular rim 5.
  • the capsule 1 according to the invention comprises the enclosure 2 and a cover 6.
  • the enclosure 2 consists of a bottom 3 of substantially circular shape and a side wall 4 provided with a circular rim 5.
  • the capsule according to the invention further comprises a substance in powder form for the preparation of a drink (introduced before closing the capsule using the cap) which has not been shown in FIG. 2.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a capsule according to the invention.
  • the method of the invention comprises the steps: a) Preparation of the formulation by extrusion of the ingredients, b) injection molding of the formulation in a mold to form a layer of the enclosure, optionally one or more other layers of the enclosure can be injection molded, typically using at least one formulation different from the formulation of step a), for example using a PVOH formulation, c) filling the enclosure with the substance in powder form, d) closing the enclosure using the cap to form the capsule.
  • the preparation process comprises a single injection molding step using the formulation defined in the invention.
  • the enclosure according to the invention will then, according to this embodiment, consist of a single layer of formulation defined in the invention.
  • the invention relates to the use of a formulation as defined in the present invention in order to prepare a capsule having a low permeability to gases and to humidity.
  • the enclosure according to the invention has an oxygen permeability of less than 3.0 x 10 -3 cm 3 / capsule / 24hrs at 0.21 atm at 23 ° C and 50% RH (relative humidity), preferably equal or less than 2.5 x 10 -3 cm 3 / capsule / 24hrs at 0.21 atm at 23 ° C and 50% RH, more preferably equal to or less than 1.5 x 10 -3 cm 3 / capsule / 24hrs at 0.21 atm at 23 ° C and 50% RH, measured according to ASTM F1307 or ISO 15105-2.
  • the enclosure is fixed to a plate, so that the plate allows the enclosure to "close”.
  • Table 1 describes the formulations which were prepared. The percentages indicated are percentages by weight relative to the total weight of the formulation.
  • Enclosures were prepared, in accordance with the process described above, namely by extrusion in a twin-screw extruder of the ingredients in order to obtain formulation granules, followed by injection molding in a single layer in a mold in order to form the bottom, side wall and circular rim of the enclosure.
  • the oxygen permeability of the enclosures was measured according to ASTM F1307 or ISO 15105-2 and is shown in Table 2.
  • the capsules comprising the enclosure as defined in the invention exhibit very low permeability to oxygen.
  • formulations of biodegradable materials (2, 3, 4) result in enclosures having greater permeability to oxygen.
  • the examples show that the invention thus makes it possible to obtain a biodegradable capsule, in particular under the conditions of industrial composting and domestic composting, further having a very low permeability to oxygen, and this even when the enclosure is made. with a single layer of formulation.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Tea And Coffee (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of sealed capsules that are biodegradable by industrial composting and by domestic composting, for single use, containing at least one substance in powder form for the preparation of a beverage, e.g. coffee, intended to be extracted under pressure, said capsule comprising an enclosure with a bottom and a side wall having a circular rim, and a lid welded to the periphery of the rim of the enclosure, characterised in that the bottom, the side wall and the circular rim are formed by injection moulding of at least one formulation comprising: (i) at least one polymer selected from polyhydroxybutyrate, and (ii) at least one ingredient selected from silicates, vitamin E, plasticised plant or animal proteins, or mixtures thereof.

Description

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
TITRE : CAPSULES BIODEGRADABLES DOMAINE TECHNIQUE DE L’INVENTION TITLE: BIODEGRADABLE CAPSULES TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La présente invention concerne le domaine des capsules fermées biodégradables et compostables, par un compostage industriel et/ou par un compostage domestique, à usage unique, contenant au moins une substance sous forme de poudre pour la préparation d’une boisson, par exemple du café, prévues pour être extrait sous pression. The present invention relates to the field of closed biodegradable and compostable capsules, by industrial composting and / or by domestic composting, for single use, containing at least one substance in powder form for the preparation of a drink, for example coffee. , intended to be extracted under pressure.
ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUE STATE OF THE ART
Les portions pré-dosées et préemballées de café sont largement utilisées pour préparer des cafés de type expresso car elles sont simples et facile d’utilisation. The pre-dosed and prepackaged portions of coffee are widely used in making espresso-type coffees because they are simple and easy to use.
Il existe généralement deux types de capsules sur le marché, des capsules rigides constituées typiquement d’un contenant et un opercule et des capsules flexibles contenant des couches filtrantes. La présente invention vise la première catégorie de capsule. There are generally two types of capsules on the market, rigid capsules typically consisting of a container and a seal, and flexible capsules containing filter layers. The present invention relates to the first category of capsule.
Des capsules rigides du type Nespresso® sont largement répandues en Europe. Ces capsules comprennent un corps ou contenant et un opercule qui sont traditionnellement constitués essentiellement d’aluminium. Rigid capsules of the Nespresso® type are widely used in Europe. These capsules comprise a body or container and a cap which are traditionally made essentially of aluminum.
Il existe également des capsules dont l’opercule et le corps sont constitués de matières plastiques. There are also capsules, the lid and body of which are made of plastics.
Les capsules existantes actuellement sur le marché ne répondent pas aux trois exigences, (i) biodégradable en condition de compostage industriel, (ii) biodégradable en condition de compostage domestique et (iii) fonction barrière à l’oxygène et à la vapeur d’eau. The capsules currently on the market do not meet the three requirements, (i) biodegradable under industrial composting conditions, (ii) biodegradable under domestic composting conditions and (iii) barrier function to oxygen and water vapor .
C’est donc un objet de la présente invention que de fournir des capsules qui soient compostables, par un compostage industriel et/ou par un compostage domestique, tout en ayant une bonne fonction barrière à l’oxygène et à la vapeur d’eau, et permettant de préparer une boisson, telle qu’un café, de qualité satisfaisante, lorsqu’elle est utilisée dans une machine de type expresso, en particulier une machine Nespresso®. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide capsules which are compostable, by industrial composting and / or by domestic composting, while having a good barrier function to oxygen and to water vapor, and making it possible to prepare a drink, such as a coffee, of satisfactory quality, when it is used in an espresso-type machine, in particular a Nespresso® machine.
RESUME DE L’INVENTION Plus précisément, la présente invention concerne une capsule 1 fermée, prévue pour être extraite sous pression, contenant une substance sous forme de poudre pour la préparation d’une boisson, ladite capsule comportant une enceinte 2 avec un fond 3 et une paroi latérale 4 ayant un rebord circulaire 5, et un opercule (6) soudé sur le pourtour du rebord de l’enceinte, caractérisée en ce que le fond, la paroi latérale et le rebord circulaire sont formés par moulage par injection d’au moins une formulation comprenant: SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION More specifically, the present invention relates to a closed capsule 1, intended to be extracted under pressure, containing a substance in powder form for the preparation of a drink, said capsule comprising an enclosure 2 with a bottom 3 and a side wall 4 having a circular rim 5, and a cover (6) welded to the periphery of the rim of the enclosure, characterized in that the bottom, the side wall and the circular rim are formed by injection molding of at least one formulation comprising:
(i) au moins un polymère choisi parmi les polyhydroxybutyrate, et (i) at least one polymer chosen from polyhydroxybutyrates, and
(ii) au moins un ingrédient choisi parmi les silicates, la vitamine E, les protéines animales ou végétales plastifiées, ou leurs mélanges. (ii) at least one ingredient chosen from silicates, vitamin E, plasticized animal or plant proteins, or mixtures thereof.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, la formulation comprend de 50 à 99,9% en poids, de préférence de 75 à 99,5% en poids, avantageusement de 90 à 99% en poids, de polymère(s) choisi(s) parmi les polyhydroxybutyrate, tels que le polyhydroxybutyrate/hydroxyvalérate et leurs mélanges, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. According to one embodiment of the invention, the formulation comprises from 50 to 99.9% by weight, preferably from 75 to 99.5% by weight, advantageously from 90 to 99% by weight, of the polymer (s) chosen (s) from polyhydroxybutyrate, such as polyhydroxybutyrate / hydroxyvalerate and mixtures thereof, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, la formulation comprend de 0,1 à 50% en poids, de préférence de 0,5 à 25% en poids, avantageusement de 1 à 10% en poids, d’ingrédient(s) choisi(s) parmi les silicates, la vitamine E, les protéines animales ou végétales plastifiées, ou leurs mélanges, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. According to one embodiment of the invention, the formulation comprises from 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 25% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of ingredient (s) chosen from silicates, vitamin E, plasticized animal or plant proteins, or mixtures thereof, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, la formulation comprend en outreAccording to one embodiment of the invention, the formulation further comprises
(iii) au moins un alcool polyvinylique, de préférence en une quantité allant de 1 à 30% en poids, de préférence de 2 à 20% en poids, avantageusement de 5 à 10% en poids, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. (iii) at least one polyvinyl alcohol, preferably in an amount ranging from 1 to 30% by weight, preferably from 2 to 20% by weight, advantageously from 5 to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the formulation .
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la formulation comprend moins de 1 % en poids de PVOH, de préférence moins de 0,5% en poids de PVOH, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. Plus spécifiquement, selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, la formulation est exempte de PVOH. According to another embodiment, the formulation comprises less than 1% by weight of PVOH, preferably less than 0.5% by weight of PVOH, relative to the total weight of the formulation. More specifically, according to one embodiment of the invention, the formulation is free from PVOH.
De préférence, la surface spécifique BET des silicates va de 1 à 250 m2/g et/ou le diamètre médian des silicates va de 0,5 à 20 pm et/ou le facteur de forme dimensionnelle des silicates est supérieur ou égal à 1 :2. De préférence, les silicates sont choisis parmi les silicates d’aluminium, les silicates d’aluminium et de magnésium, de préférence parmi les silicates d’aluminium. Preferably, the BET specific surface area of the silicates ranges from 1 to 250 m 2 / g and / or the median diameter of the silicates ranges from 0.5 to 20 μm and / or the dimensional form factor of the silicates is greater than or equal to 1 : 2. Preferably, the silicates are chosen from aluminum silicates, aluminum and magnesium silicates, preferably from aluminum silicates.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, la formulation comprend en outre un ou plusieurs additifs choisis parmi les charges minérales différentes des silicates, les produits type peroxyde, des vitamines différentes de la vitamine E, des cires végétales ou animales. According to one embodiment of the invention, the formulation further comprises one or more additives chosen from mineral fillers other than silicates, peroxide-type products, vitamins other than vitamin E, vegetable or animal waxes.
De préférence, ledit ou lesdits additifs représentent de 0,05 à 20% en poids, de préférence de 0,1 à 15% en poids, avantageusement de 1 à 10% en poids, du poids total de la formulation. Preferably, said additive (s) represent from 0.05 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of the total weight of the formulation.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, la capsule répond à la norme ENAccording to one embodiment of the invention, the capsule meets the EN standard
13432. 13432.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, la capsule contient au moins 60% en poids de matériau d’origine biosourcée. According to one embodiment of the invention, the capsule contains at least 60% by weight of bio-based material.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, le fond, la paroi latérale et le rebord circulaire sont formés par moulage par injection en une seule couche de ladite formulation dans un moule. According to one embodiment of the invention, the bottom, the side wall and the circular rim are formed by injection molding in a single layer of said formulation in a mold.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, l’opercule est constitué d’un film monocouche ou multicouche dans un ou plusieurs matériaux choisis parmi des matériaux biodégradables, de préférence choisi parmi le papier, les non-tissés, la cellulose, les couches SiOx, les polymères acide polylactique, les polyhydroxyalcanoates, les couches hybrides polymère organique et fibres inorganiques, les couches enduites d’alcool polyvinylique ou de copolymère d’éthylène et d’alcool vinylique, les couches métallisées par exemple à l’aide d’aluminium, ces couches de matériaux pouvant être séparées par une couche de colle. According to one embodiment of the invention, the cover consists of a monolayer or multilayer film in one or more materials chosen from biodegradable materials, preferably chosen from paper, nonwovens, cellulose, layers. SiOx, polylactic acid polymers, polyhydroxyalkanoates, hybrid layers of organic polymer and inorganic fibers, layers coated with polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol, layers metallized for example using aluminum , these layers of material being able to be separated by a layer of glue.
De préférence, l’opercule est constitué d’un multicouche constitué : i) d’un film de papier ou papier filtre, ii) d’une couche barrière, et iii) d’une couche de non-tissé, ladite couche de non-tissé étant à l’intérieur de la capsule. Preferably, the cover consists of a multilayer consisting of: i) a film of paper or filter paper, ii) a barrier layer, and iii) a layer of nonwoven, said layer of nonwoven. -woven being inside the capsule.
De préférence encore, la couche barrière est constituée d’une ou plusieurs couches choisies parmi : - une couche barrière hybride polymère organique et composés inorganiques, et/ou More preferably, the barrier layer consists of one or more layers chosen from: - a hybrid barrier layer organic polymer and inorganic compounds, and / or
- une coche barrière SiOx, et/ou - a SiOx barrier checkmark, and / or
- une couche barrière cellulose. - a cellulose barrier layer.
L’invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d’une capsule selon l’invention, comprenant les étapes : a) Préparation de la formulation par mélange des ingrédients, b) moulage par injection de la formulation obtenue à l’étape a) dans un moule pour former une couche de l’enceinte, éventuellement une ou plusieurs couches de l’enceinte peuvent être moulée par injection, à l’aide d’une formulation différente de la formulation de l’étape a), c) remplissage de l’enceinte avec la substance sous forme de poudre, d) fermeture de l’enceinte à l’aide de l’opercule pour former la capsule. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a capsule according to the invention, comprising the steps: a) Preparation of the formulation by mixing the ingredients, b) injection molding of the formulation obtained in step a) in a mold to form a layer of the enclosure, optionally one or more layers of the enclosure can be injection molded, using a formulation different from the formulation of step a), c) filling the enclosure with the substance in powder form, d) closing the enclosure using the cap to form the capsule.
Les capsules selon l’invention répondent à la norme de compostabilité EN 13432, elles sont alors dites biodégradables en condition de compostage industriel. The capsules according to the invention meet the compostability standard EN 13432, they are then said to be biodegradable under industrial composting conditions.
Il n’existe pas actuellement de normes internationales ou européennes mais uniquement des normes nationales pour le compostage à domicile. Les capsules selon l’invention sont biodégradables en condition de compostage domestique selon les recommandations françaises. En particulier, elles satisfont la norme NF T 51800 (2015). Les capsules selon l’invention répondront typiquement à la norme australienne AS 5810 (2010). There are currently no international or European standards but only national standards for home composting. The capsules according to the invention are biodegradable under domestic composting conditions according to French recommendations. In particular, they meet the NF T 51800 (2015) standard. The capsules according to the invention will typically meet the Australian standard AS 5810 (2010).
Les capsules selon l’invention comprennent typiquement au moins 60% en poids de matériaux d’origine biosourcée. The capsules according to the invention typically comprise at least 60% by weight of materials of bio-based origin.
Les capsules selon l’invention sont stables au stockage puisqu’elles présentent une bonne étanchéité à l’oxygène et à la vapeur d’eau. En particulier, elles peuvent être stockées et conservées pendant au moins 12 mois avant d’être consommées. The capsules according to the invention are stable on storage since they have a good seal against oxygen and water vapor. In particular, they can be stored and kept for at least 12 months before being consumed.
Les capsules selon l’invention sont compatibles avec les machines Nespresso®. The capsules according to the invention are compatible with Nespresso® machines.
Les capsules selon l’invention présentent une fonction barrière, c’est-à-dire qu’elles présenteront typiquement une perméabilité à l’oxygène inférieure à 3,0 x 10-3 cm3/capsule/24hrs à 0.21 atm à 23°C et 50%HR (humidité relative), de préférence égale ou inférieure à 2,5 x 103 cm3/capsule/24hrs à 0.21 atm à 23°C et 50% HR, de préférence encore égale ou inférieure à 1 ,5 x 103 cm3/capsule/24hrs à 0.21 atm à 23°C et 50% HR, mesurée selon la norme ASTM F1307 ou ISO 15105-2. The capsules according to the invention exhibit a barrier function, that is to say that they will typically exhibit an oxygen permeability of less than 3.0 x 10 -3 cm 3 / capsule / 24hrs at 0.21 atm at 23 ° C and 50% RH (relative humidity), preferably equal to or less than 2.5 x 10 3 cm 3 / capsule / 24 hours at 0.21 atm at 23 ° C and 50% RH, more preferably equal to or less than 1.5 x 10 3 cm 3 / capsule / 24 hours at 0.21 atm at 23 ° C and 50% RH, measured according to ASTM F1307 or ISO 15105-2.
En outre, les capsules selon l’invention sont compostables, par un compostage industriel et/ou par un compostage domestique, avantageusement elles sont compostables à la fois par un compostage industriel et par un compostage domestique. In addition, the capsules according to the invention are compostable, by industrial composting and / or by home composting, advantageously they are compostable both by industrial composting and by home composting.
D’autres caractéristiques, variantes et avantages de la mise en œuvre de l’invention, ressortiront mieux à la lecture de la description et des exemples qui vont suivre, donnés à titre illustratif et non limitatif de l’invention. Other characteristics, variants and advantages of the implementation of the invention will become more apparent on reading the description and the examples which follow, given by way of illustration and not by way of limitation of the invention.
BREVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[Fig. 1 ] est une vue schématique en coupe transversale d’une enceinte mise en œuvre selon l’invention. [Fig. 1] is a schematic cross-sectional view of an enclosure implemented according to the invention.
[Fig. 2] est une vue schématique en coupe transversale d’une capsule mise en œuvre selon l’invention. [Fig. 2] is a schematic cross-sectional view of a capsule implemented according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L’INVENTION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La présente invention concerne une capsule étanche sous forme d’une portion individuelle, adaptée à être extraite sous pression, contenant au moins une substance comestible sous forme de poudre, pour la préparation d’une boisson telle que du café moulu, du thé ou des poudres solubles. The present invention relates to a sealed capsule in the form of an individual portion, adapted to be extracted under pressure, containing at least one edible substance in powder form, for the preparation of a drink such as ground coffee, tea or coffee. soluble powders.
La capsule est adaptée à être ouverte sous l’effet de la montée en pression quand un liquide d’extraction est injecté. The capsule is adapted to be opened under the effect of the increase in pressure when an extraction liquid is injected.
De préférence, la capsule selon l’invention est constituée à au moins 95% en poids de matériaux biodégradables, de préférence à 100% de matériaux biodégradables. Preferably, the capsule according to the invention consists of at least 95% by weight of biodegradable materials, preferably 100% of biodegradable materials.
Par « biodégradable », on entend un matériau capable de se décomposer sous l'action d'organismes vivants, tels que des bactéries, des champignons ou des algues, pour se transformer par exemple en dioxyde de carbone, en eau et/ou en méthane. La capsule selon l’invention comporte une enceinte et un opercule soudé sur le pourtour du rebord de l’enceinte. L’enceinte comporte ainsi un fond et une paroi latérale ayant un rebord circulaire. Le rebord circulaire permet de maintenir la capsule lorsqu’elle est introduite dans une machine ainsi que de créer une zone d’étanchéité lors de son utilisation dans ladite machine, telle qu’une machine à café. By “biodegradable” is meant a material capable of decomposing under the action of living organisms, such as bacteria, fungi or algae, to transform for example into carbon dioxide, water and / or methane. . The capsule according to the invention comprises an enclosure and a cover welded to the periphery of the rim of the enclosure. The enclosure thus comprises a bottom and a side wall having a circular rim. The circular rim makes it possible to hold the capsule when it is introduced into a machine as well as to create a sealing zone when it is used in said machine, such as a coffee machine.
L’enceinte de la capsule est typiquement préparée par moulage en une seule pièce du fond, de la paroi latérale et du rebord circulaire, à partir d’une formulation. Ce moulage en une seule pièce peut être effectué en une ou plusieurs couches, étant entendu qu’au moins une couche est constituée de la formulation décrite dans l’invention. Lorsqu’il s’agira de deux couches, typiquement, chaque couche sera constituée d’une formulation différente. Par exemple, si le moulage de l’enceinte est effectué en deux couches, il pourrait s’agir d’une couche de la formulation de l’invention et d’une couche barrière constituée par exemple d’alcool polyvinylique (PVOH). The capsule enclosure is typically prepared by one-piece molding of the bottom, side wall, and circular rim, from a formulation. This one-piece molding can be performed in one or more layers, it being understood that at least one layer consists of the formulation described in the invention. When it comes to two coats, typically each coat will be a different formulation. For example, if the molding of the enclosure is performed in two layers, it could be one layer of the formulation of the invention and a barrier layer consisting of, for example, polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH).
Lorsque qu’il s’agira de trois couches, typiquement, il pourra s’agit d’au moins deux couches différentes, dont au moins une couche sera constituée de la formulation de l’invention. Une des trois couches pourra alors être une couche barrière constituée par exemple de PVOH. When it comes to three layers, typically, it could be at least two different layers, of which at least one layer will consist of the formulation of the invention. One of the three layers could then be a barrier layer constituted, for example, of PVOH.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le moulage de l’enceinte est effectué en une seule couche de la formulation de l’invention. According to a preferred embodiment, the molding of the enclosure is carried out in a single layer of the formulation of the invention.
La formulation comprend : The formulation includes:
(i) au moins un polymère choisi parmi les polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), (i) at least one polymer chosen from polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB),
(ii) au moins un ingrédient choisi parmi les silicates, la vitamine E, les protéines animales ou végétales plastifiées, et leurs mélanges, (ii) at least one ingredient chosen from silicates, vitamin E, plasticized animal or plant proteins, and mixtures thereof,
(iii) et éventuellement au moins un polymère alcool polyvinylique (PVOH), étant entendu que ledit polymère PVOH est biodégradable selon la norme EN 13432. (iii) and optionally at least one polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) polymer, it being understood that said PVOH polymer is biodegradable according to standard EN 13432.
Typiquement, tous les ingrédients de la formulation sont biodégradables. Typically, all of the ingredients in the formulation are biodegradable.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les PHB sont choisis parmi les polymères poly3- hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate (PHBH), les polymères polyhydroxybutyrate/hydroxyvalérate (PHBV), et leur mélange. Selon un mode de réalisation, les silicates sont choisis parmi les silicates d’aluminium, les silicates d’aluminium et de magnésium, de préférence parmi les silicates d’aluminium. According to one embodiment, the PHBs are chosen from poly3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate (PHBH) polymers, polyhydroxybutyrate / hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) polymers, and their mixture. According to one embodiment, the silicates are chosen from aluminum silicates, aluminum and magnesium silicates, preferably from aluminum silicates.
Parmi les silicates d’aluminium et de magnésium, on peut citer les montmorillonites. Among the aluminum and magnesium silicates, mention may be made of montmorillonites.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les silicates sont choisis parmi les phyllosilicates, de préférence les phyllosilicates d’aluminium. According to one embodiment, the silicates are chosen from phyllosilicates, preferably aluminum phyllosilicates.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les phyllosilicates sont choisis parmi les kaolinites, les halloysites, et leur mélange. According to one embodiment, the phyllosilicates are chosen from kaolinites, halloysites, and their mixture.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les silicates d’aluminium sont des kaolins. According to one embodiment, the aluminum silicates are kaolins.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les silicates, de préférence les silicates d’aluminium, présentent une taille de particules d’un diamètre médian mesurée par granulométrie laser allant 0,5 pm à 20 pm, et / ou une surface spécifique (méthode BET) allant de 1 à 250 m2/g. According to one embodiment, the silicates, preferably aluminum silicates, have a particle size with a median diameter measured by laser particle size distribution ranging from 0.5 μm to 20 μm, and / or a specific surface area (BET method) ranging from 1 to 250 m 2 / g.
Typiquement, ces silicates possèdent des facteurs de forme dimensionnelle supérieurs ou égaux à 1 :2, avantageusement supérieurs ou égaux à 1 :4, et particulièrement supérieurs ou égaux à 1 :6, on pourra alors parler de forme aciculaire. Le facteur de forme peut être déterminé par microscopie, par exemple par microscopie électronique à balayage (MEB). Ces charges aciculaires s'orientent préférentiellement lors de l'injection de la capsule dans le sens de l'écoulement, et permettent : Typically, these silicates have dimensional form factors greater than or equal to 1: 2, advantageously greater than or equal to 1: 4, and particularly greater than or equal to 1: 6, we can then speak of acicular shape. The form factor can be determined by microscopy, for example by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These acicular charges are preferably oriented during the injection of the capsule in the direction of flow, and allow:
- un renfort mécanique dans le sens long (moins d'écrasement de la capsule), et- mechanical reinforcement in the long direction (less crushing of the capsule), and
- une augmentation de la tortuosité de la matrice polymère apportée par la présence de particules de forme aciculaire apportant un effet barrière supplémentaire. an increase in the tortuosity of the polymer matrix provided by the presence of particles of acicular shape providing an additional barrier effect.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les silicates, typiquement de forme aciculaire, présenteront une voire deux dimensions nanométriques (de 1 nm à 100 nm), étant entendu que ces silicates comprennent au moins une dimension micrométrique (de 1 pm à moins de 1 mm), ceci afin de respecter les normes relatives au contact alimentaire. Ce dimensionnement nano/micro permettra d'introduire une quantité moins élevée de silicates, comparativement à un carbonate ou talc micrométrique et possède au moins 2 avantages : According to one embodiment, the silicates, typically of acicular form, will have one or even two nanometric dimensions (from 1 nm to 100 nm), it being understood that these silicates comprise at least one micrometric dimension (from 1 μm to less than 1 mm) , this in order to respect the standards relating to food contact. This nano / micro sizing will allow the introduction of a lower quantity of silicates, compared to a micrometric carbonate or talc and has at least 2 advantages:
- un allègement en poids de la pièce finie, tout en maintenant les mêmes propriétés mécaniques, ce qui constitue également un gain environnemental, et - a reduction in weight of the finished part, while maintaining the same mechanical properties, which also constitutes an environmental gain, and
- la conservation de l'effet plastique de la matrice (même module mais avec un meilleur allongement à la rupture), ce qui permet d’avoir plus d'aptitude à la déformation et moins de casse à l'usage et au transport. - the conservation of the plastic effect of the matrix (same modulus but with a better elongation at break), which makes it possible to have more aptitude for deformation and less breakage during use and transport.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la formulation comprend : According to one embodiment, the formulation comprises:
(i) de 50 à 99,9% en poids, de préférence de 75 à 99,5% en poids, avantageusement de 90 à 99% en poids, de polymère(s) choisi(s) parmi les PHB, (i) from 50 to 99.9% by weight, preferably from 75 to 99.5% by weight, advantageously from 90 to 99% by weight, of polymer (s) chosen from among PHBs,
(ii) de 0, 1 à 50% en poids, de préférence de 0,5 à 25% en poids, avantageusement de 1 à 10% en poids, d’ingrédient(s) choisi(s) parmi les silicates, la vitamine E, les protéines végétales ou animales plastifiées, ou leurs mélanges, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. (ii) from 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 25% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of ingredient (s) chosen from silicates, vitamin E, plasticized vegetable or animal proteins, or their mixtures, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la formulation comprend : According to one embodiment, the formulation comprises:
(i) de 50 à 99,9% en poids, de préférence de 75 à 99,5% en poids, avantageusement de 90 à 99% en poids, de polymère(s) choisi(s) parmi les PHB, (i) from 50 to 99.9% by weight, preferably from 75 to 99.5% by weight, advantageously from 90 to 99% by weight, of polymer (s) chosen from among PHBs,
(ii) de 0, 1 à 50% en poids, de préférence de 0,5 à 25% en poids, avantageusement de 1 à 10% en poids, d’ingrédient(s) choisi(s) parmi les silicates, la vitamine E, ou leurs mélanges, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. (ii) from 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 25% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of ingredient (s) chosen from silicates, vitamin E, or their mixtures, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la formulation comprend : According to one embodiment, the formulation comprises:
(i) de 50 à 99,9% en poids, de préférence de 75 à 99,5% en poids, avantageusement de 90 à 99% en poids, de polymère(s) choisi(s) parmi les polyhydroxybutyrate/hydroxyvalérate (PHBV), (i) from 50 to 99.9% by weight, preferably from 75 to 99.5% by weight, advantageously from 90 to 99% by weight, of polymer (s) chosen from among polyhydroxybutyrate / hydroxyvalerate (PHBV ),
(ii) de 0,1 à 50% en poids, de préférence de 0,5 à 25% en poids, avantageusement de 1 à 10% en poids, de silicates d’aluminium, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. (ii) from 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 25% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of aluminum silicates, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la formulation comprend : According to one embodiment, the formulation comprises:
(i) de 50 à 98,9% en poids, de préférence de 75 à 97,5% en poids, avantageusement de 80 à 94% en poids, de polymère(s) choisi(s) parmi les PHB, (i) from 50 to 98.9% by weight, preferably from 75 to 97.5% by weight, advantageously from 80 to 94% by weight, of polymer (s) chosen from among PHBs,
(ii) de 0, 1 à 40% en poids, de préférence de 0,5 à 25% en poids, avantageusement de 1 à 10% en poids, d’ingrédient(s) choisi(s) parmi les silicates d’aluminium, les protéines végétales ou animales plastifiées, la vitamine E, ou leurs mélanges, (ii) from 0.1 to 40% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 25% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of ingredient (s) chosen from aluminum silicates , plasticized vegetable or animal proteins, vitamin E, or their mixtures,
(iii) de 1 à 30% en poids, de préférence de 2 à 20% en poids, avantageusement de 5 à 10% en poids, de PVOH, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. (iii) from 1 to 30% by weight, preferably from 2 to 20% by weight, advantageously from 5 to 10% by weight, of PVOH, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la formulation comprend : According to one embodiment, the formulation comprises:
(i) de 50 à 98,9% en poids, de préférence de 75 à 97,5% en poids, avantageusement de 80 à 94% en poids, de polymère(s) choisi(s) parmi les PHBV, (i) from 50 to 98.9% by weight, preferably from 75 to 97.5% by weight, advantageously from 80 to 94% by weight, of polymer (s) chosen from among PHBVs,
(ii) de 0,1 à 40% en poids, de préférence de 0,5 à 25% en poids, avantageusement de 1 à 10% en poids, de silicates d’aluminium, (ii) from 0.1 to 40% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 25% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of aluminum silicates,
(iii) de 1 à 30% en poids, de préférence de 2 à 20% en poids, avantageusement de 5 à 10% en poids, de PVOH, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. (iii) from 1 to 30% by weight, preferably from 2 to 20% by weight, advantageously from 5 to 10% by weight, of PVOH, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la formulation comprend : According to a particular embodiment, the formulation comprises:
- 60 à 95% en poids d’un mélange de polymères consistant en un polymère poly3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate (PHBH) et un polymère polyhydroxybutyrate/hydroxyvalérate (PHBV), - 60 to 95% by weight of a mixture of polymers consisting of a poly3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate (PHBH) polymer and a polyhydroxybutyrate / hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) polymer,
- 5 à 40% en poids d’au moins un silicate, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. - 5 to 40% by weight of at least one silicate, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la formulation comprend : According to a particular embodiment, the formulation comprises:
- 70 à 90% en poids d’un mélange de polymères consistant en un polymère poly3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate (PHBH) et un polymère polyhydroxybutyrate/hydroxyvalérate (PHBV), - 70 to 90% by weight of a mixture of polymers consisting of a poly3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate (PHBH) polymer and a polyhydroxybutyrate / hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) polymer,
- 10 à 30% en poids d’au moins un silicate, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. - 10 to 30% by weight of at least one silicate, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la formulation comprend : According to a particular embodiment, the formulation comprises:
- 60 à 80% en poids d’un polymère polyhydroxybutyrate/hydroxyvalérate (PHBV), - 60 to 80% by weight of a polyhydroxybutyrate / hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) polymer,
- 5 à 20% en poids d’un polymère poly3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3- hydroxyhexanoate (PHBH), - 5 to 20% by weight of a poly3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate (PHBH) polymer,
- 10 à 30% en poids d’au moins un kaolin, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. - 10 to 30% by weight of at least one kaolin, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
La formulation peut éventuellement en outre comprendre un ou plusieurs additifs choisis parmi les charges minérales différentes des silicates, les produits type peroxyde, des vitamines différentes de la vitamine E, des cires végétales ou animales. Selon ce mode de réalisation, ledit ou lesdits additifs représentent de 0,05 à 20% en poids, de préférence de 0,1 à 15% en poids, avantageusement de 1 à 10% en poids, du poids total de la formulation. The formulation can optionally further comprise one or more additives chosen from mineral fillers other than silicates, peroxide-type products, vitamins other than vitamin E, vegetable or animal waxes. According to this embodiment, said additive or additives represent from 0.05 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of the total weight of the formulation.
De préférence, la formulation est constituée entièrement de matériaux biodégradables. Preferably, the formulation consists entirely of biodegradable materials.
La formulation mise en oeuvre dans l’invention est typiquement réalisée par extrusion, de préférence par extrusion bi-vis. Une formulation sous forme de granules peut alors être obtenue. The formulation used in the invention is typically produced by extrusion, preferably by twin-screw extrusion. A formulation in the form of granules can then be obtained.
Typiquement, la capsule répond à la norme EN 13432. Typically, the capsule meets the EN 13432 standard.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la capsule selon l’invention contient au moins 60% en poids de matériaux d’origine biosourcée, par rapport au poids total de la capsule. La teneur en matériaux d’origine biosourcée peut être déterminée selon la norme IS016620-1 -3. According to one embodiment, the capsule according to the invention contains at least 60% by weight of materials of biobased origin, relative to the total weight of the capsule. The content of materials of bio-based origin can be determined according to standard IS016620-1 -3.
La capsule contient une substance sous forme de poudre pour la préparation d’une boisson. La boisson sera de préférence du café, du thé, un produit chocolaté, de préférence du café. La substance sous forme de poudre permettant de préparer du café pourra être du café torréfié et moulu, du café soluble ou un mélange de ceux- ci. The capsule contains a substance in powder form for the preparation of a drink. The drink will preferably be coffee, tea, a chocolate product, preferably coffee. The substance in powder form for preparing coffee may be roasted and ground coffee, soluble coffee or a mixture thereof.
La capsule selon l’invention peut être préparée par le procédé suivant : a) Préparation de la formulation par extrusion des ingrédients, b) moulage par injection de la formulation dans un moule pour former une couche de l’enceinte, éventuellement une ou plusieurs autres couches de l’enceinte peuvent être moulées par injection, à l’aide typiquement d’au moins une formulation différente de la formulation de l’étape a), par exemple à l’aide d’une formulation de PVOH, c) remplissage de l’enceinte avec la substance sous forme de poudre, d) fermeture de l’enceinte à l’aide de l’opercule pour former la capsule. The capsule according to the invention can be prepared by the following process: a) Preparation of the formulation by extrusion of the ingredients, b) injection molding of the formulation in a mold to form a layer of the enclosure, optionally one or more others layers of the enclosure can be injection molded, typically using at least one formulation different from the formulation of step a), for example using a PVOH formulation, c) filling the enclosure with the substance in powder form, d) closing the enclosure using the cap to form the capsule.
De préférence, le procédé de préparation comprend une seule étape de moulage par injection à l’aide de la formulation définie dans l’invention. L’enceinte selon l’invention sera alors, selon ce mode de réalisation, constituée d’une seule couche de formulation définie dans l’invention. Preferably, the preparation process comprises a single injection molding step using the formulation defined in the invention. The enclosure according to the invention will then, according to this embodiment, consist of a single layer of formulation defined in the invention.
L’enceinte présente généralement une épaisseur allant de 0,2 à 1 mm, de préférence de 0,5 à 0,8 mm. The enclosure generally has a thickness ranging from 0.2 to 1 mm, preferably 0.5 to 0.8 mm.
Le fond de l’enceinte est apte à être perforée et peut éventuellement comprendre un renfoncement. The bottom of the enclosure is suitable for being perforated and may optionally include a recess.
Le rebord circulaire est formé lors de la réalisation de l’enceinte par injection thermoplastique dans un moule présentant la forme appropriée. Ledit rebord circulaire peut présenter une largeur allant de 1 à 4 mm. Le rebord circulaire a principalement pour fonction de venir buter contre une bordure d'un porte-capsule de l'appareil de confection de boisson lors de la phase d'extraction de la boisson, par exemple du café, et ainsi permettre le maintien ferme de la capsule lors de la montée en pression. The circular rim is formed during the production of the enclosure by thermoplastic injection in a mold having the appropriate shape. Said circular rim may have a width ranging from 1 to 4 mm. The main function of the circular rim is to abut against an edge of a capsule holder of the beverage maker during the phase of extracting the beverage, for example coffee, and thus allow the firm hold of the beverage. the capsule during pressure build-up.
Le moule pour l’injection comprendra typiquement ainsi un fond, une paroi latérale et un rebord circulaire, ceci afin d’obtenir chacune des couches de l’enceinte, de préférence l’enceinte sera constituée d’une unique couche de la formulation de l’invention. The mold for the injection will typically thus comprise a bottom, a side wall and a circular rim, in order to obtain each of the layers of the enclosure, preferably the enclosure will consist of a single layer of the formulation of the compound. 'invention.
L'opercule présente typiquement une dimension calibrée de façon à venir épouser le contour du rebord circulaire de l’enceinte de la capsule, fermant ainsi l’enceinte. The cover typically has a dimension calibrated so as to conform to the contour of the circular rim of the enclosure of the capsule, thus closing the enclosure.
La substance sous forme de poudre, de préférence du café moulu, se retrouve donc emprisonné dans l’enceinte creuse. Typiquement, l'opercule sera encollé ou thermo-soudé au rebord circulaire de l’enceinte de la capsule. The substance in powder form, preferably ground coffee, is therefore trapped in the hollow chamber. Typically, the seal will be glued or heat-sealed to the circular rim of the capsule enclosure.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’opercule est constitué d’un film biodégradable. Typiquement, l’opercule pourra être un film monocouche ou multicouche d’une épaisseur totale allant de 90 à 300 pm. According to one embodiment, the cover consists of a biodegradable film. Typically, the cover may be a single-layer or multi-layer film with a total thickness ranging from 90 to 300 µm.
L’opercule peut ainsi être constitué d’une ou plusieurs couches de matériaux choisies parmi le papier, les non-tissés, la cellulose, les couches barrières, ces couches de matériaux pouvant être séparées par une couche de colle, qui serait elle- même biodégradable. The cover can thus be made up of one or more layers of materials chosen from paper, nonwovens, cellulose, barrier layers, these layers of material that can be separated by a layer of glue, which would itself be biodegradable.
Parmi les non-tissés, on peut citer les non-tissés acide polylactique (PLA) ou les non-tissés polyhydroxyalcanoate (PHA). Among the nonwovens, mention may be made of polylactic acid (PLA) nonwovens or polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) nonwovens.
Parmi les couches barrières, on peut citer les couches SiOx, les PLA, les couches hybrides polymère organique et fibres inorganiques, les couches enduites de PVOH (alcool polyvinylique) ou EVOH (copolymère d’éthylène et d’alcool vinylique), les couches métallisées par exemple à l’aide d’aluminium, les couches barrière réalisées par vaporisation (dépôt plasma ou par vide d’air). Among the barrier layers, mention may be made of SiOx layers, PLAs, hybrid organic polymer layers and inorganic fibers, layers coated with PVOH (polyvinyl alcohol) or EVOH (copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol), metallized layers for example using aluminum, the barrier layers produced by vaporization (plasma deposition or by vacuum).
Par « barrière », on entend la faculté d’un matériau à permettre de limiter ou réduire le passage de l’oxygène et/ou de la vapeur d’eau ou humidité, on pourra alors parler de couche barrière à l’oxygène et/ou à l’humidité. Parmi les couches hybride polymère organique et composés inorganiques, on peut citer les couches comprenant des polycondensats d’acide silicique modifiés par des groupements organiques et des composés inorganiques. Parmi les groupements organiques, on peut citer les polycaprolactone, les chitosan, les celluloses. Le polycondensat d’acide silicique contient des liaisons Si-O-Si. Parmi les composés inorganiques, on peut citer les cations de silicium éventuellement en combinaison avec d’autres cations tels que l’aluminium, le titane, le bore ou le zirconium. By "barrier" is meant the ability of a material to limit or reduce the passage of oxygen and / or water vapor or humidity, we can then speak of barrier layer to oxygen and / or humidity. Among the hybrid layers of organic polymer and inorganic compounds, mention may be made of layers comprising polycondensates of silicic acid modified with organic groups and inorganic compounds. Among the organic groups, mention may be made of polycaprolactones, chitosan and celluloses. Silicic acid polycondensate contains Si-O-Si bonds. Among the inorganic compounds, mention may be made of silicon cations optionally in combination with other cations such as aluminum, titanium, boron or zirconium.
A titre d’exemples de réalisation de l’opercule, on peut citer : As examples of the realization of the cap, we can cite:
- un opercule constitué de : i) un film à base de papier sulfurisé, ii) une couche de colle et/ou une couche barrière, iii) une couche de non-tissé, une fois mise en œuvre dans la capsule, la couche i) est la couche extérieure et la couche iii) est la couche à l’intérieur de la capsule ; - a cover consisting of: i) a film based on baking paper, ii) a layer of glue and / or a barrier layer, iii) a layer of nonwoven, once implemented in the capsule, layer i ) is the outer layer and layer iii) is the layer inside the capsule;
- un opercule constitué de : i) un film à base de papier filtre, ii) une couche barrière, iii) un film barrière tel qu’un film de cellulose ou film PLA, iv) une couche de non-tissé, une fois mise en œuvre dans la capsule, la couche i) est la couche extérieure et la couche iv) est la couche à l’intérieur de la capsule ; - un opercule constitué de : i) un film de cellulose par exemple de type Naturflex®, ii) une couche de non-tissé, une fois mise en œuvre dans la capsule, la couche i) est la couche extérieure et la couche ii) est la couche à l’intérieur de la capsule ; - a cover consisting of: i) a film based on filter paper, ii) a barrier layer, iii) a barrier film such as a cellulose film or PLA film, iv) a non-woven layer, once applied implemented in the capsule, layer i) is the outer layer and layer iv) is the layer inside the capsule; - a cover consisting of: i) a cellulose film, for example of the Naturflex® type, ii) a nonwoven layer, once implemented in the capsule, layer i) is the outer layer and layer ii) is the layer inside the capsule;
- un opercule constitué de : i) un film de papier ou papier filtre, ii) une couche barrière hybride polymère organique et composés inorganiques, iii) une couche barrière SiOx, iv) un film barrière cellulose, v) une couche de non-tissé, une fois mise en œuvre dans la capsule, la couche i) est la couche extérieure et la couche v) est la couche à l’intérieur de la capsule. - a cover consisting of: i) a film of paper or filter paper, ii) a hybrid barrier layer organic polymer and inorganic compounds, iii) an SiOx barrier layer, iv) a cellulose barrier film, v) a non-woven layer , once implemented in the capsule, the layer i) is the outer layer and the layer v) is the layer inside the capsule.
En faisant référence à la Fig. 1 , l’enceinte 2 selon l’invention est constituée d’un fond 3 de forme sensiblement circulaire et d’une paroi latérale 4 munie d’un rebord circulaire 5. With reference to FIG. 1, the enclosure 2 according to the invention consists of a bottom 3 of substantially circular shape and a side wall 4 provided with a circular rim 5.
En faisant référence à la Fig. 2, la capsule 1 selon l’invention comprend l’enceinte 2 et un opercule 6. L’enceinte 2 est constituée d’un fond 3 de forme sensiblement circulaire et d’une paroi latérale 4 munie d’un rebord circulaire 5. La capsule selon l’invention comprend en outre une substance sous forme de poudre pour la préparation d’une boisson (introduite avant fermeture de la capsule à l’aide de l’opercule) qui n’a pas été représentée sur la Fig. 2. With reference to FIG. 2, the capsule 1 according to the invention comprises the enclosure 2 and a cover 6. The enclosure 2 consists of a bottom 3 of substantially circular shape and a side wall 4 provided with a circular rim 5. The capsule according to the invention further comprises a substance in powder form for the preparation of a drink (introduced before closing the capsule using the cap) which has not been shown in FIG. 2.
L’invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d’une capsule selon l’invention. Le procédé de l’invention comprend les étapes : a) Préparation de la formulation par extrusion des ingrédients, b) moulage par injection de la formulation dans un moule pour former une couche de l’enceinte, éventuellement une ou plusieurs autres couches de l’enceinte peuvent être moulées par injection, typiquement à l’aide d’au moins une formulation différente de la formulation de l’étape a), par exemple à l’aide d’une formulation de PVOH, c) remplissage de l’enceinte avec la substance sous forme de poudre, d) fermeture de l’enceinte à l’aide de l’opercule pour former la capsule. De préférence, le procédé de préparation comprend une seule étape de moulage par injection à l’aide de la formulation définie dans l’invention. L’enceinte selon l’invention sera alors, selon ce mode de réalisation, constituée d’une seule couche de formulation définie dans l’invention. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a capsule according to the invention. The method of the invention comprises the steps: a) Preparation of the formulation by extrusion of the ingredients, b) injection molding of the formulation in a mold to form a layer of the enclosure, optionally one or more other layers of the enclosure can be injection molded, typically using at least one formulation different from the formulation of step a), for example using a PVOH formulation, c) filling the enclosure with the substance in powder form, d) closing the enclosure using the cap to form the capsule. Preferably, the preparation process comprises a single injection molding step using the formulation defined in the invention. The enclosure according to the invention will then, according to this embodiment, consist of a single layer of formulation defined in the invention.
Enfin, l’invention porte sur l’utilisation d’une formulation telle que définie dans la présente invention afin de préparer une capsule présentant une faible perméabilité aux gaz et à l’humidité. Typiquement, l’enceinte selon l’invention présente une perméabilité à l’oxygène inférieure à 3,0 x 10-3 cm3/capsule/24hrs à 0.21 atm à 23°C et 50%HR (humidité relative), de préférence égale ou inférieure à 2,5 x 10-3 cm3/capsule/24hrs à 0.21 atm à 23°C et 50% HR, de préférence encore égale ou inférieure à 1,5 x 10-3 cm3/capsule/24hrs à 0.21 atm à 23°C et 50% HR, mesurée selon la norme ASTM F1307 ou ISO 15105-2. Lors du test de mesure de perméabilité, l’enceinte est fixée sur une plaque, de sorte que la plaque permet de « fermer » l’enceinte. Finally, the invention relates to the use of a formulation as defined in the present invention in order to prepare a capsule having a low permeability to gases and to humidity. Typically, the enclosure according to the invention has an oxygen permeability of less than 3.0 x 10 -3 cm 3 / capsule / 24hrs at 0.21 atm at 23 ° C and 50% RH (relative humidity), preferably equal or less than 2.5 x 10 -3 cm 3 / capsule / 24hrs at 0.21 atm at 23 ° C and 50% RH, more preferably equal to or less than 1.5 x 10 -3 cm 3 / capsule / 24hrs at 0.21 atm at 23 ° C and 50% RH, measured according to ASTM F1307 or ISO 15105-2. During the permeability measurement test, the enclosure is fixed to a plate, so that the plate allows the enclosure to "close".
Exemples Examples
Plusieurs enceintes ont été préparées, à partir de différentes formulations, afin de déterminer la perméabilité à l’oxygène des enceintes. Several enclosures were prepared, from different formulations, in order to determine the oxygen permeability of the enclosures.
La tableau 1 décrit les formulations qui ont été préparées. Les pourcentages indiqués sont des pourcentages en poids par rapport au poids total de la formulation. Table 1 describes the formulations which were prepared. The percentages indicated are percentages by weight relative to the total weight of the formulation.
[Tableau 1] [Table 1]
Des enceintes ont été préparées, conformément au procédé décrit précédemment, à savoir par extrusion dans une extrudeuse bi-vis des ingrédients afin d’obtenir des granules de formulation, suivie d’un moulage par injection en une seule couche dans un moule afin de former le fond, la paroi latérale et le rebord circulaire de l’enceinte. Enclosures were prepared, in accordance with the process described above, namely by extrusion in a twin-screw extruder of the ingredients in order to obtain formulation granules, followed by injection molding in a single layer in a mold in order to form the bottom, side wall and circular rim of the enclosure.
La perméabilité a l’oxygène des enceintes a été mesurée selon la norme ASTM F1307 ou ISO 15105-2 et est indiquée dans le tableau 2. The oxygen permeability of the enclosures was measured according to ASTM F1307 or ISO 15105-2 and is shown in Table 2.
[Tableau 2] [Table 2]
Comme le montre le tableau 2, les capsules comprenant l’enceinte telle que définie dans l’invention, i.e. avec la formulation de l’invention, présentent une perméabilité à l’oxygène très faible. Au contraire, les formulations en matériaux biodégradables (2, 3, 4) donnent des enceintes ayant une plus grande perméabilité à l’oxygène. Les exemples montrent que l’invention permet ainsi d’obtenir une capsule biodégradable, en particulier dans les conditions de compostage industriel et de compostage domestique, ayant en outre une très faible perméabilité à l’oxygène, et ce même lorsque l’enceinte est constituée d’une seule couche de formulation. As shown in Table 2, the capsules comprising the enclosure as defined in the invention, i.e. with the formulation of the invention, exhibit very low permeability to oxygen. On the contrary, formulations of biodegradable materials (2, 3, 4) result in enclosures having greater permeability to oxygen. The examples show that the invention thus makes it possible to obtain a biodegradable capsule, in particular under the conditions of industrial composting and domestic composting, further having a very low permeability to oxygen, and this even when the enclosure is made. with a single layer of formulation.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Capsule (1) fermée, prévue pour être extraite sous pression, contenant une substance sous forme de poudre pour la préparation d’une boisson, ladite capsule comportant une enceinte (2) avec un fond (3) et une paroi latérale (4) ayant un rebord circulaire (5), et un opercule (6) soudé sur le pourtour du rebord de l’enceinte, caractérisée en ce que le fond, la paroi latérale et le rebord circulaire sont formés par moulage par injection d’au moins une formulation comprenant: 1. Closed capsule (1), intended to be extracted under pressure, containing a substance in powder form for the preparation of a drink, said capsule comprising an enclosure (2) with a bottom (3) and a side wall (4 ) having a circular rim (5), and a cover (6) welded to the periphery of the rim of the enclosure, characterized in that the bottom, the side wall and the circular rim are formed by injection molding of at least a formulation comprising:
(i) au moins un polymère choisi parmi les polyhydroxybutyrate, et (i) at least one polymer chosen from polyhydroxybutyrates, and
(ii) au moins un ingrédient choisi parmi les silicates, la vitamine E, les protéines animales ou végétales plastifiées, ou leurs mélanges. (ii) at least one ingredient chosen from silicates, vitamin E, plasticized animal or plant proteins, or mixtures thereof.
2. Capsule selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle la formulation comprend de 50 à 99,9% en poids, de préférence de 75 à 99,5% en poids, avantageusement de 90 à 99% en poids, de polymère(s) choisi(s) parmi les polyhydroxybutyrate, tels que le polyhydroxybutyrate/hydroxyvalérate et leurs mélanges, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. 2. Capsule according to claim 1, in which the formulation comprises from 50 to 99.9% by weight, preferably from 75 to 99.5% by weight, advantageously from 90 to 99% by weight, of the polymer (s) chosen. (s) from polyhydroxybutyrate, such as polyhydroxybutyrate / hydroxyvalerate and mixtures thereof, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
3. Capsule selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle la formulation comprend de 0,1 à 50% en poids, de préférence de 0,5 à 25% en poids, avantageusement de 1 à 10% en poids, d’ingrédient(s) choisi(s) parmi les silicates, la vitamine E, les protéines animales ou végétales plastifiées, ou leurs mélanges, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. 3. Capsule according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the formulation comprises from 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 25% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of ingredient ( s) chosen from silicates, vitamin E, plasticized animal or plant proteins, or mixtures thereof, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
4. Capsule selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle la formulation comprend en outre (iii) au moins un alcool polyvinylique, de préférence en une quantité allant de 1 à 30% en poids, de préférence de 2 à 20% en poids, avantageusement de 5 à 10% en poids, par rapport au poids total de la formulation. 4. Capsule according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the formulation further comprises (iii) at least one polyvinyl alcohol, preferably in an amount ranging from 1 to 30% by weight, preferably from 2 to 20. % by weight, advantageously from 5 to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the formulation.
5. Capsule selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle la surface spécifique BET des silicates va de 1 à 250 m2/g et/ou le diamètre médian des silicates va de 0,5 à 20 pm et/ou le facteur de forme dimensionnelle des silicates est supérieur ou égal à 1 :2. 5. Capsule according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the BET specific surface area of the silicates ranges from 1 to 250 m 2 / g and / or the median diameter of the silicates ranges from 0.5 to 20 μm and / or the dimensional form factor of the silicates is greater than or equal to 1: 2.
6. Capsule selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle les silicates sont choisis parmi les silicates d’aluminium, les silicates d’aluminium et de magnésium, de préférence parmi les silicates d’aluminium. 6. Capsule according to any one of claims 1 to 5, in which the silicates are chosen from aluminum silicates, aluminum and magnesium silicates, preferably from aluminum silicates.
7. Capsule selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans laquelle la formulation comprend en outre un ou plusieurs additifs choisis parmi les charges minérales différentes des silicates, les produits type peroxyde, des vitamines différentes de la vitamine E, des cires végétales ou animales. 7. Capsule according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in which the formulation further comprises one or more additives chosen from mineral fillers different from silicates, peroxide-type products, vitamins other than vitamin E, vegetable waxes. or animal.
8. Capsule selon la revendication 7, dans laquelle ledit ou lesdits additifs représentent de 0,05 à 20% en poids, de préférence de 0,1 à 15% en poids, avantageusement de 1 à 10% en poids, du poids total de la formulation. 8. Capsule according to claim 7, wherein said additive or additives represent from 0.05 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight, advantageously from 1 to 10% by weight, of the total weight of the formulation.
9. Capsule selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, répondant à la norme EN 13432. 9. Capsule according to any one of claims 1 to 8, meeting standard EN 13432.
10. Capsule selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, contenant au moins 60% en poids de matériau d’origine biosourcée. 10. Capsule according to any one of claims 1 to 9, containing at least 60% by weight of bio-based material.
11. Capsule selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans laquelle le fond, la paroi latérale et le rebord circulaire sont formés par moulage par injection en une seule couche de ladite formulation dans un moule. 11. The capsule of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the bottom, side wall and circular rim are formed by single layer injection molding of said formulation in a mold.
12. Capsule selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, dans laquelle l’opercule est constitué d’un film monocouche ou multicouche dans un ou plusieurs matériaux choisis parmi des matériaux biodégradables, de préférence choisi parmi le papier, les non-tissés, la cellulose, les couches SiOx, les polymères acide polylactique, les polyhydroxyalcanoates, les couches hybrides polymère organique et fibres inorganiques, les couches enduites d’alcool polyvinylique ou de copolymère d’éthylène et d’alcool vinylique, les couches métallisées par exemple à l’aide d’aluminium, ces couches de matériaux pouvant être séparées par une couche de colle. 12. Capsule according to any one of claims 1 to 11, in which the cover consists of a monolayer or multilayer film in one or more materials chosen from biodegradable materials, preferably chosen from paper, nonwovens. , cellulose, SiOx layers, polylactic acid polymers, polyhydroxyalkanoates, hybrid layers of organic polymer and inorganic fibers, layers coated with polyvinyl alcohol or with a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcohol, layers metallized for example with using aluminum, these layers of material can be separated by a layer of glue.
13. Capsule selon la revendication 12, dans laquelle l’opercule est constitué d’un multicouche constitué : i) d’un film de papier ou papier filtre, ii) d’une couche barrière, iii) d’une couche de non-tissé, ladite couche de non-tissé étant à l’intérieur de la capsule. 13. Capsule according to claim 12, in which the cover consists of a multilayer consisting of: i) a film of paper or filter paper, ii) a barrier layer, iii) a layer of nonwoven, said layer of nonwoven being inside the capsule.
14. Capsule selon la revendication 13, dans laquelle la couche barrière est constituée d’une ou plusieurs couches choisies parmi : 14. The capsule of claim 13, wherein the barrier layer consists of one or more layers chosen from:
- une couche barrière hybride polymère organique et composés inorganiques, et/ou- a hybrid barrier layer organic polymer and inorganic compounds, and / or
- une coche barrière SiOx, et/ou - a SiOx barrier checkmark, and / or
- une couche barrière cellulose. - a cellulose barrier layer.
15. Procédé de fabrication d’une capsule selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à15. A method of manufacturing a capsule according to any one of claims 1 to
14, comprenant les étapes : a) Préparation de la formulation par mélange des ingrédients, b) moulage par injection de la formulation obtenue à l’étape a) dans un moule pour former une couche de l’enceinte, éventuellement une ou plusieurs couches de l’enceinte peuvent être moulées par injection, à l’aide d’une formulation différente de la formulation de l’étape a), c) remplissage de l’enceinte avec la substance sous forme de poudre, d) fermeture de l’enceinte à l’aide de l’opercule pour former la capsule. 14, comprising the steps: a) Preparation of the formulation by mixing the ingredients, b) injection molding of the formulation obtained in step a) in a mold to form a layer of the enclosure, optionally one or more layers of the enclosure can be injection molded, using a different formulation from the formulation of step a), c) filling the enclosure with the substance in powder form, d) closing the enclosure using the operculum to form the capsule.
EP21729519.5A 2020-05-29 2021-05-28 Biodegradable capsules Pending EP4157745A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR2005734A FR3110900B1 (en) 2020-05-29 2020-05-29 BIODEGRADABLE CAPSULES
PCT/EP2021/064419 WO2021239982A1 (en) 2020-05-29 2021-05-28 Biodegradable capsules

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JP (1) JP2023529320A (en)
CN (1) CN115720564A (en)
BR (1) BR112022023833A2 (en)
CA (1) CA3184488A1 (en)
FR (1) FR3110900B1 (en)
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WO2023111092A1 (en) * 2021-12-14 2023-06-22 Productos Solubles, S.A. Capsule for preparing an infusion beverage
KR102642499B1 (en) * 2023-10-06 2024-02-29 (주)아이엔에프아이엑스 Method for manufacturing coffee capsule and coffee capsules manufactured thereby

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US20110243483A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2011-10-06 Multisorb Technologies, Inc. Oxygen and carbon dioxide absorption in a single use container
US20120097602A1 (en) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-26 International Paper Company Biodegradable or compostable beverage filter cartridge
GB201521882D0 (en) * 2015-12-11 2016-01-27 Mars Inc Beverage preperation system and capsules
DE102016201498B4 (en) * 2016-02-01 2017-08-17 Norbert Kuhl OXYGEN-CONTAINED FOOD CONTAINER

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CA3184488A1 (en) 2021-12-02
BR112022023833A2 (en) 2023-02-07
IL298480A (en) 2023-01-01
FR3110900B1 (en) 2022-07-22
US20230202746A1 (en) 2023-06-29
MX2022014730A (en) 2023-02-23
JP2023529320A (en) 2023-07-10
FR3110900A1 (en) 2021-12-03
WO2021239982A1 (en) 2021-12-02

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