EP4127438A1 - Module de turbomachine equipe d'une machine electrique - Google Patents
Module de turbomachine equipe d'une machine electriqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP4127438A1 EP4127438A1 EP21720806.5A EP21720806A EP4127438A1 EP 4127438 A1 EP4127438 A1 EP 4127438A1 EP 21720806 A EP21720806 A EP 21720806A EP 4127438 A1 EP4127438 A1 EP 4127438A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electric machine
- rotor
- bearing
- shaft
- turbomachine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/36—Power transmission arrangements between the different shafts of the gas turbine plant, or between the gas-turbine plant and the power user
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
- F01D25/20—Lubricating arrangements using lubrication pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/06—Arrangements of bearings; Lubricating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/32—Arrangement, mounting, or driving, of auxiliaries
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K3/00—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan
- F02K3/02—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber
- F02K3/04—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber the plant including ducted fans, i.e. fans with high volume, low pressure outputs, for augmenting the jet thrust, e.g. of double-flow type
- F02K3/06—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber the plant including ducted fans, i.e. fans with high volume, low pressure outputs, for augmenting the jet thrust, e.g. of double-flow type with front fan
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05D2220/76—Application in combination with an electrical generator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/40—Transmission of power
- F05D2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
- F05D2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
- F05D2260/40311—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing of the epicyclical, planetary or differential type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/98—Lubrication
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
Definitions
- TITLE TURBOMACHINE MODULE EQUIPPED WITH AN ELECTRIC MACHINE
- the present invention relates to the field of turbomachines equipped with a reduction gear. It relates in particular to a turbomachine module equipped with an electric machine intended to supply an auxiliary pump of a lubrication system of at least one item of equipment of the turbomachine and the corresponding turbomachine.
- An aircraft turbomachine such as a double-flow turbomachine generally comprises a ducted fan disposed at the inlet of the turbomachine and which is driven in rotation by a low pressure shaft.
- a reducer can be interposed between the blower and the low pressure shaft so that the blower rotates at a lower speed than that of the low pressure shaft. Reducing the speed also increases the size of the blower allowing very high dilution rates to be achieved.
- the reducers are of the planetary or epicyclic gear type. They are generally equipped with several rotating wheels and / or pinions whose lubrication and cooling in all circumstances are essential aspects for the correct operation of the turbomachine and its efficiency. Indeed, when the speed reducer is not sufficiently lubricated, friction between the teeth of the wheels and / or gear wheels or at the bearings causes them to wear prematurely and thus a drop in the efficiency of the speed reducer. These bearings, wheels and / or gear wheels of speed reducers can generate very high thermal power which must be evacuated to prevent damage to the speed reducer.
- Lubrication systems are known for lubricating certain components of the turbomachine, in particular the speed reducer, such as in documents US AI -2016/258324 and EP-A1 -3184780. Certain lubrication systems are designed to send a large flow of oil which can reach several thousand liters per hour, for example greater than 5000 liters per hour depending on the architecture of the turbomachine to lubricate the speed reducer and the bearings.
- Lubrication systems generally include a main circuit comprising at least one reservoir and one main pump, and which is intended to supply a lubrication chamber in which the reducer and the bearings are arranged. The main pump is driven mechanically by the high pressure shaft of the turbomachine via an accessory box.
- the main circuit only allows the lubrication and cooling of the reduction gear and the bearings when the high pressure shaft is rotating, ie when the turbomachine has already started and in flight.
- the lubrication system also comprises an auxiliary circuit, with an auxiliary reservoir and an auxiliary pump, to cover the other cases of operation of the turbomachine, that is to say, during the start-up phase, or shutdown, or again when the fan shaft rotates freely thanks to the action of the wind and drives the low pressure shaft to which it is coupled in rotation.
- the latter case is known by the English term of "WindMilling".
- the object of the present invention is in particular to provide a solution making it possible to supply the auxiliary pump of a lubrication system autonomously while avoiding penalizing the mass of the turbomachine and by facilitating the assembly and disassembly of the components of the turbomachine. .
- a turbomachine module comprising: a fan shaft guided in rotation about a longitudinal axis X by at least a first guide bearing mounted on a first bearing support which is fixed to a fixed structure of the turbomachine, a power shaft driving the shaft in rotation a fan by means of a speed reducer arranged in a lubrication chamber of the turbomachine, a lubrication system of at least one of the speed reducer comprising a main, closed circuit intended to supply the lubrication chamber, and an auxiliary circuit, closed, intended to supply the lubrication chamber when the main circuit is inactive, the auxiliary circuit comprising at least one auxiliary supply pump driven by an electric motor, the module further comprising an electric machine configured to so as to supply the electric motor of the auxiliary pump and which is carried at least in part by the first bearing support, the electric machine composes rtant a rotor connected to the fan shaft so as to be driven in rotation about an axis of rotation A parallel to the longitudinal
- the auxiliary pump of the lubrication system is supplied directly to allow the circulation of the lubricant in the auxiliary circuit intended to supply the lubrication chamber, in particular when the main pump is inactive.
- the main pump only operates when the high pressure shaft rotates at a predetermined speed while the fan shaft is rotated by the action of the wind (WindMilling) when the aircraft is on the ground and during stopping the turbomachine, starting the turbomachine or even during ventilation.
- the electric machine takes advantage of the rotation of the fan shaft in different cases so that the rotor of the electric machine is then also rotated in all cases of operation to generate electric power which can be used to supply power.
- the lubrication system and the electrical machine are then autonomous.
- this configuration is modular, which allows easy disassembly and assembly from the upstream side of the turbomachine.
- the blower module also includes one or more of the following features, taken alone or in combination: the blower module includes a power take-off mechanism configured to connect the rotor of the electrical machine to the blower shaft and transmitting the movement of the fan shaft to the rotor.
- the power take-off mechanism comprises a gear train
- the electric machine comprises a power take-off mechanism connecting the rotor to the fan shaft
- the power take-off mechanism comprising a drive shaft mounted to rotate freely around the axis of rotation A and on which the rotor is mounted, the drive shaft being coupled to a toothed wheel intended to mesh with a toothed ring integral with the fan shaft.
- the drive shaft is guided in rotation by a first rotor bearing comprising a first ring integral with the drive shaft and a second ring integral with the fixed element, the first rotor bearing being arranged upstream of the rotor of the electric machine.
- the drive shaft is guided in rotation by a second rotor bearing comprising a first ring integral with the drive shaft and a second ring integral with the fixed element, the second rotor bearing being arranged downstream of the rotor of the electric machine.
- the electrical machine is arranged upstream of the speed reducer with respect to the longitudinal axis and at least partly in the lubrication chamber.
- the electrical machine is housed in a housing formed in the first bearing support.
- the fixed element is a base of the electric machine mounted on the first bearing support or the fixed element is the first bearing support.
- the drive shaft is integral with the toothed wheel the stator of the electric machine extends around the rotor of the electric machine.
- the speed reducer is of the planetary gear type, the speed reducer comprising a solar mounted movable around an X axis and coupled to the power shaft, and a ring centered on the longitudinal axis coupled to the shaft of blower, the reduction gear further comprising a planet carrier which is fixed and which carries several mobile planet wheels meshing with the crown and the sun.
- the speed reducer is of the planetary gear type, the speed reducer comprising a solar mounted movable around an X axis and coupled to the power shaft, a fixed ring gear and a planet carrier centered on the longitudinal axis which is coupled to the fan shaft and which carries several mobile satellites meshing with the crown and the solar.
- the toothed wheel and the ring gear are housed in the lubrication chamber.
- the fixed element comprises the housing of the electrical machine.
- the auxiliary pump which is installed outside the lubrication chamber.
- the invention also relates to an aircraft turbomachine comprising a turbomachine module having any of the preceding characteristics.
- the invention also relates to a method of assembling a turbomachine module as mentioned above and comprises the following steps: mounting the ring gear on the fan shaft, assembling the electric machine by mounting the rotor on a drive shaft and the stator on the fixed element supporting at least in part the electric machine, fixing the base of the electric machine on the first bearing support so that the rotor and the stator are arranged in the housing of the first bearing support which is open in the lubrication chamber, and connect the electric cable to the electric machine and to the auxiliary pump which is installed outside the lubrication chamber.
- the assembly method comprises the following characteristics and / or steps, taken alone or in combination: the fixed element supporting at least in part the electric machine comprises the base of the electric machine or the first bearing support, mounting a first support guide bearing for the fan shaft on a fixed structure of the turbomachine. assemble the electric machine by mounting the stator on the first bearing support. engage the toothed wheel coupled to the drive shaft with the toothed ring. assemble the speed reducer. fit the speed reducer in the lubrication chamber of the turbomachine. connect a blower disc to the blower shaft.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view in axial section of a double-flow turbomachine with a reduction gear according to the invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic, partial and detailed view of a fan module of a bypass turbomachine with a reduction gear interposed between a fan shaft and a power shaft of the turbomachine according to the invention
- Figure 3a is a schematic view of a system for lubricating parts and equipment of a turbomachine with an active auxiliary pump according to the invention
- Figure 3b is a schematic view of a system for lubricating parts and equipment of a turbomachine with an inactive auxiliary pump according to the invention
- FIG. 4 is an embodiment of an arrangement of an electric machine cooperating with a fan shaft in a turbomachine module according to the invention
- Figure 5 is another embodiment of an arrangement of an electric machine cooperating with a fan shaft in a turbomachine module according to the invention.
- FIG. 6 represents the upstream side of an exemplary bearing support for a guide bearing of a fan shaft of a turbomachine, the bearing support carrying an electric machine according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a view in axial section of a turbomachine 1 of longitudinal axis X to which the invention applies.
- the turbomachine shown is a double-flow, double-body turbomachine intended to be mounted on an aircraft according to the invention.
- the invention is not limited to this type of turbomachine.
- upstream is defined relative to the direction of gas flow in the turbomachine and also along the longitudinal axis X (and even from left to right in figure 1).
- radial is also defined with respect to a radial axis Z which is perpendicular to the axis X of the turbomachine.
- This double-flow, double-body turbomachine 1 comprises a fan 2 which is mounted upstream of a gas generator or gas turbine engine 3.
- the fan 2 comprises a plurality of fan blades 4 which extend radially from the periphery of a disc 5 through which a fan shaft 6 passes.
- the fan 2 is surrounded by a fan casing 7 which is carried by a nacelle 8 which extends around the gas generator 3 and along the longitudinal axis X.
- the gas generator 3 comprises, from upstream to downstream, a low pressure compressor (LP) 9, a high pressure compressor (HP) 10, a combustion chamber 11, a high pressure turbine 12 and a low pressure turbine 13.
- the HP compressor 10 is connected to the HP turbine via an HP shaft 14 to form a first so-called high pressure body.
- the LP compressor is connected to the LP turbine via a LP shaft 15 to form a second so-called low pressure body.
- the BP 15 shaft extends inside the HP 14 shaft.
- An air flow F which enters the turbomachine via the fan 2 is divided by a separation nozzle 16 of the turbomachine into a primary air flow F1 which passes through the gas generator 3 and in particular in a primary duct 17, and in a secondary air flow F2 which circulates around the gas generator 3 in a secondary stream 18.
- the primary stream 17 and the secondary stream 18 are coaxial.
- the secondary air flow F2 is ejected by a secondary nozzle 19 terminating the nacelle 8 while the primary air flow F1 is ejected outside the turbomachine via a nozzle ejection 20 located downstream of the gas generator.
- the primary and secondary air flows meet at the outlet of their respective nozzles.
- the fan shaft 6 is connected to a power shaft which rotates it around the longitudinal axis X via a power transmission mechanism.
- the power shaft is the low pressure shaft 15.
- the power transmission mechanism makes it possible to reduce the speed of the fan 2 to a speed lower than that of the low pressure shaft 15.
- the power transmission mechanism allows the arrangement of a fan with a large diameter so as to increase the dilution rate.
- the fan dilution rate is advantageously greater than 10.
- the dilution rate is between 15 and 20.
- the power transmission mechanism comprises a reduction gear 21 which is here a planetary gear speed reducer.
- a reduction gear 21 which is here a planetary gear speed reducer.
- the reducer is housed in a lubrication chamber 22 arranged upstream of the gas generator 3.
- the lubrication chamber 22 makes it possible to lubricate the speed reducer 21 as well as the rotational guide bearings of the speed reducer and of the shaft. blower.
- the lubrication chamber 22 is arranged in an annular internal casing 23 which is extended upstream by an inlet cone 24 of aerodynamic shape.
- the internal casing 23 comprises a first annular ferrule 23a which rotates about the longitudinal axis X with respect to a second annular ferrule 23b of the internal casing 23.
- the first ferrule 23a is mounted on the disc 5 of the fan.
- the second annular ferrule 23b is structurally connected to an inlet casing 28 of the intervein casing 25 by first stator vanes 26 (known by the acronym IGV) which extend radially into the primary air flow F1 and around it. the longitudinal axis X.
- the inlet casing 28 carries the separation spout 15 upstream.
- the fan disc 5 and the first ferrule 23a form a rotor assembly.
- the gear train of the speed reducer 21 typically comprises a sun (or internal sun gear) 30, a plurality of planet gears 31, a planet carrier 32, and a ring gear (outer sun gear) 33.
- the solar 30 is centered on the longitudinal axis X and is coupled in rotation with the BP shaft 15 along the longitudinal axis X via a solar shaft 34.
- the latter comprises first elements (not shown) intended to cooperate with second complementary coupling elements (not shown) carried by the BP shaft 15.
- the planet wheels 31 are carried by the planet gear carrier 32 and are each guided in rotation about a planet wheel axis, here, parallel to the longitudinal axis X. Each satellite 31 meshes with external teeth of the solar 30 and internal teeth of the ring 33.
- the planet carrier 32 is locked in rotation and is secured to a stator housing of the turbomachine.
- the crown 33 centered on the longitudinal axis X, surrounds the solar 30 and is coupled in rotation with the fan shaft 6.
- the solar 30 forms the input of the reduction gear while the crown 33 forms the output of the reducer.
- the planet carrier 32 is rotatably coupled with the fan shaft 6 and the ring 33 is integral with a stator housing of the turbomachine. In other words, the crown 33 is fixed in rotation. In this way, the solar 30 forms the input of the speed reducer while the planet carrier 32 forms the output of the speed reducer.
- the fan shaft 6 is guided in rotation relative to a fixed structure of the turbomachine by means of at least one bearing.
- a first bearing 35 (here with bearings) comprises an inner ring 36 mounted on the fan shaft 6, an outer ring 37 carried by a first annular bearing support 38 and rolling members 39 between the inner and outer rings.
- the rolling members 39 of the first bearing 35 are advantageously balls.
- the first annular bearing support 38 is secured to the fixed structure of the turbomachine.
- the bearing 35 is arranged upstream of the speed reducer 21.
- the turbomachine also comprises another guide bearing (second bearing) 40 in rotation of the fan shaft 6 with respect to the fixed structure thereof.
- This second bearing 40 (here also with bearings) is arranged upstream of the first guide bearing 35.
- the guide bearing 40 comprises an internal ring 41 mounted. on the fan shaft 6 and an outer ring 42 mounted on a second bearing support 43.
- Rolling members 44 are interposed between the inner and outer rings. These rolling members 44 here include rollers.
- the second bearing support 43 comprises a flange 46 on which the first bearing support 38 is fixed.
- the fixing is carried out by means of fixing members 45 such as screws and nuts or other members allowing rapid assembly and disassembly.
- the turbomachine comprises a lubrication system 50 of certain equipment and components of the turbomachine arranged in lubrication enclosures, such as the speed reducer 21 and the bearings 35, 40, described above.
- the lubrication system comprises a main circuit 51 which supplies at least the lubrication chamber 22, described above, in a closed circuit.
- the main circuit 51 comprises at least one main reservoir 52 for supplying lubricant and a main pump 53 for supplying this lubricant intended to allow circulation of the lubricant from the reservoir to the lubrication chamber 22.
- the main circuit 51 also comprises a heat exchanger 54 which is arranged downstream of the main pump 53 in the direction of circulation of the lubricant in the turbomachine.
- the main pump 53 is driven by an accessory box or accessory relay 55 (known by the English designation of "Accessory Gear Box" (signed AGB)).
- the main pump 53 is advantageously mounted on the accessory box 55 (ie outside the lubrication chamber 22).
- the accessory box 55 illustrated in Figure 1, is housed in the turbomachine in an area called "core area".
- the “core zone” is located in the intervein casing 25 (ie between the primary vein 17 and the secondary vein 18).
- the accessory box 55 is rotated by the high pressure shaft 14 via a radial shaft 56.
- the accessory box 55 is housed in the nacelle 8 and is driven by the shaft. radial 56 then extending into a casing arm which connects the interveine casing 25 and the nacelle 8.
- the main pump 53 communicates with an electronic control unit 58 which is dedicated to the controls of certain components and / or equipment of the turbomachine.
- This electronic control unit 58 can be an EEC calculator (which stands for Electronic Engine Controller).
- the computer is controlled by a full authority electronic system (known as the acronym FADEC stands for “Full Authority Digital Engine Control” which manages the proper functioning of the turbomachine.
- the computer 58 is also connected to means for monitoring parameters of the high pressure shaft 14 such as its speed N1, N2 for example and means for detecting the pressure P of the lubricant in the main circuit 51.
- the lubrication system 50 also includes an auxiliary lubrication circuit 60 which is intended to also supply the lubrication chamber 22, in a closed circuit.
- This auxiliary circuit 60 includes an auxiliary lubricant supply pump 61 which is supplied with electrical energy.
- This auxiliary pump 61 is connected, on the one hand, to an auxiliary oil reservoir 62 and, on the other hand, to the lubrication chamber 22.
- the auxiliary pump 61 is arranged upstream of the lubrication chamber 22 according to the figure. direction of lubricant circulation in the auxiliary circuit.
- the auxiliary tank 62 is advantageously an oil accumulation zone which collects the oil. This is located at the back of enclosure 22 (at six o'clock by analogy with a clock face).
- each turbomachine lubrication chamber also includes a lubricant recovery pump 64 which returns lubricant from a recovery tank (or accumulation area) to the main supply tank.
- the auxiliary pump 61 is electric and is driven by an electric motor 63.
- the auxiliary pump 61 and the electric motor 63 are arranged outside the lubrication chamber 22 so as to take the space out of the lubrication chamber. and keep them away from this constrained environment bathed in lubricant.
- the main pump 53 is primed (or activated) as soon as the high pressure shaft 14 rotates at a predetermined rotational speed N2 and / or a predetermined pressure P is reached in the main circuit 51 so as to allow the circulation of the lubricant from the main reservoir 51 into the lubrication chamber 22.
- This operating mode takes place after starting the turbomachine and in flight.
- the auxiliary pump 61 is inactive and the auxiliary circuit 60 is not supplied with lubricant.
- the turbomachine 1 further comprises an electric machine 65 which comprises a rotor and a stator so as to benefit from additional electric power, in particular to supply the electric motor 63 of the auxiliary pump 61.
- the electric machine 65 operates advantageously, but not limitatively as a motor, that is to say that the latter allows the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy.
- the electric machine 65 is coupled with the fan shaft 6 which supplies it with mechanical power during its rotation and which will be converted into electric power.
- the fan shaft 6 is driven in rotation by the LP shaft 15 as soon as the HP shaft 14 turns or when the wind exerts its action on the blades of the fan blades.
- this additional electrical power will be available regardless of the operation of the turbomachine, namely, in the event of Windmilling (autorotation of the fan on the ground or at standstill), during flight, in the landing phase and start-up.
- the reducer lubrication system in the lubrication chamber 22 (where the speed reducer is located) is thus independent.
- the electrical machine 65 could operate in generator mode so as to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.
- the electric machine 65 is electrically connected to an electric relay box
- FIG. 3a shows the turbomachine turned off.
- the computer 58 is inactive.
- the relay box is closed and the switch
- the main circuit 51 is interrupted. This is made possible by a valve 59 which is installed at least between the auxiliary pump 61 and the enclosure 22. The valve is also located between the two circuits and the enclosure. In particular, the valve 59 makes it possible to have two inlet ports and one outlet port. A first inlet port is connected to the auxiliary circuit 60 and a second inlet port is connected to the main circuit 51.
- the valve 59 further comprises an obturating element, such as a ball, intended to close one of the inlet orifices as a function of the pressure in the circuits.
- an obturating element such as a ball
- the pressure increases in the auxiliary circuit 60 until it reaches a pressure which will cause the entry of the main circuit 51 to be blocked and prevent the lubricant from circulating in the latter towards the chamber 22.
- the lubricant circulates in the auxiliary circuit. and to enclosure 22.
- the turbomachine is on.
- the computer 58 is active and can control the relay box 48.
- the switch 49 is in the open position.
- the computer 58 receives information indicating that the high pressure shaft is rotating at a speed at least equal to the predetermined speed N1 or N2 and / or that the pressure in the circuit reaches the predetermined pressure P in the main circuit, the computer 58 deactivates the relay box 48 (a control command is sent to the relay box 48).
- the main circuit is operational, the oil is pumped from the auxiliary tank (via the main tank among others) and from an outlet which is connected to the main circuit. This oil outlet connected to the main circuit is located radially inside the oil outlet connected to the auxiliary circuit.
- the increasing pressure in the main circuit causes the plugging of the inlet of the auxiliary circuit 60, which prevents the lubricant from circulating towards the enclosure 22.
- the lubricant circulates in the main circuit 51 and towards the enclosure 22. It does not flow. there is no electric current produced.
- the electric machine does not transmit electric power to the auxiliary pump (there is no current).
- the electrical machine 65 is carried by the bearing support 38 which is located upstream of the speed reducer 21.
- the electric machine 65 is arranged in the lubrication enclosure 22 so that the latter can be cooled by the lubricant.
- the maximum temperature which prevails in the lubrication chamber 22 is of the order of 150 ° C., which is entirely acceptable for the electrical machine 65.
- the temperature of the components of the electrical machine 65 should not generally exceed this value. In addition, this gives off strong powers which are directly evacuated into the lubricating fluid.
- the lubrication chamber 22 (shown in part in a dotted line in FIG.
- blower 6 can also delimit the lubrication enclosure depending on the configuration.
- the lubricant which occupies the lubrication chamber 22 is oil in the form of a mist. In this lubrication chamber, the connection between the electrical machine 65 and the fan shaft 6 is facilitated. Furthermore, the electric machine 65 is also arranged upstream of the speed reducer 21 where space is available for its installation.
- the bearing support 38 comprises a first substantially cylindrical portion 66 on which is secured the outer ring 37 of the guide bearing 35 in rotation of the fan shaft 6.
- the bearing support 38 comprises a second substantially frustoconical portion 67 which is connected. on the one hand, to the first portion 66, and on the other hand to the fixed structure 68 of the turbomachine.
- the first portion 66 extends radially inside the second portion 67.
- the first portion 66 and the second portion 67 are integral.
- the bearing support 38 comprises a housing 69 which is intended to house or carry at least part of the electrical machine 65.
- the second portion 67 comprises a recess 47 with a bottom 70 ( see Figure 6) which is provided on the upstream side of the bearing support 38.
- the bottom 70 is defined in a plane which is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X.
- the bottom 70 is extended downstream by a skirt 71 substantially cylindrical with an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis.
- the skirt 71 defines a through cavity 72 which opens out at the bottom 70 (upstream of the second portion 67) of the recess 47.
- the bottom 70 comprises a first opening with an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis.
- the free end 73 of the skirt 71 defines a second opening through which the cavity 72 also opens downstream.
- the rotor 74 is connected (indirectly) to the fan shaft 6 so as to be driven in rotation about an axis of rotation A parallel to the longitudinal axis X with respect to the stator 75 which is mounted on a fixed element.
- the connection of the rotor 74 and of the fan shaft 6 is made by a movement take-off mechanism 76 which allows the transmission of the movement of the fan shaft 6 to the electric machine 65.
- the power take-off mechanism is arranged (kinematically) between the rotor of the electric machine and the fan shaft.
- the electric machine 65 also comprises a base (or support) 77 which supports at least the rotor 74, the stator 75 or the movement take-off mechanism 76.
- the base 77 comprises a sole 78 from which extends a substantially cylindrical annular wall 79.
- the annular wall 79 extends axially inside the skirt 71 of the bearing bracket 38 (or of the housing 69).
- the base 77 is fixed to the bottom 70 of the housing 69, on the upstream side of the bearing support 38, using fasteners.
- the latter are of the screw, nut, or any element allowing rapid disassembly and / or assembly without damaging the electrical machine 65.
- the stator 75 is disposed on a radially internal face of the annular wall 79.
- the bottom 70, the skirt 71 and the base 77 form the housing 69 of the electrical machine 65.
- the power take-off mechanism 76 of the electric machine 65 comprises a drive shaft 80 of axis of rotation A (parallel to the longitudinal axis X and coaxial with the axis of the rotor) which is rotated by the fan shaft 6.
- the drive shaft 80 is carried by a central finger 81 which is integral with the sole 78 and which is coaxial with the axis of rotation A of the drive shaft.
- the driveshaft 80 is hollow and the finger 81 extends therein.
- Guide bearings designated the first rotor bearing 82 and second rotor bearing 83, allow the drive shaft 80 to be guided relative to the base 77 (and more particularly the finger 81).
- the drive shaft 80 is mounted to rotate freely about the axis of rotation A.
- the power take-off mechanism 76 includes a toothed wheel 84 which is coupled at one end to the drive shaft 80.
- the toothed wheel 84 is coaxial with the axis of rotation A of the drive shaft 80.
- the toothed wheel 84 is disposed downstream of the free end 73 of the skirt 71 of the housing and also that of the annular wall 79.
- the toothed wheel 84 is intended to mesh with a toothed ring 85 which is integral in rotation with blower shaft 6.
- the power take-off mechanism includes a gear train. This configuration of the power take-off mechanism reinforces the modular nature of the electric machine and of the power take-off, as well as easy disassembly and assembly from the upstream side of the turbomachine to possibly carry out maintenance operations.
- the space upstream of the speed reducer allows the integration of the power take-off mechanism.
- the fan shaft 6 comprises for this a projecting element 86 which extends axially from the wall of the fan shaft 6 and on which the toothed ring 85 is fixed.
- the toothed ring 85 is shrunk onto the wall.
- the ring gear is integral (made in one piece) with the fan shaft 6.
- the ring gear 85 is coaxial with the fan shaft 6 (i.e. the axis longitudinal X).
- the drive shaft 80 is integral with the toothed wheel 84.
- the rotor 74 is mounted on the drive shaft 80 so that when the fan shaft 6 rotates, the rotor 74 also rotates relative to the stator 75.
- the stator 75 of the electric machine 65 here extends around the rotor 74 of the electric machine 65.
- the first rotor bearing 82 is arranged upstream of the rotor 74 while the second rotor bearing 83 is arranged downstream of the rotor 74.
- Each first and second rotor bearings 82, 83 respectively comprises a first ring integral with the shaft d. 'drive 80 and a second ring integral with a fixed element.
- the first ring is the outer ring 87 and the second ring is the inner ring 88 which is fixed to the base 77 (in particular to the finger 81) of the electric machine 65.
- the first bearing and the second rotor bearing 82, 83 are rolling bearings.
- the first and second bearings also have the same diameter. Alternatively, the diameters can be different.
- the rolling members of the first and second bearings respectively comprise balls or rollers.
- FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of the electric machine 65.
- the stator 75 is mounted on the bearing support 38 and the rotor 74 is mounted on the drive shaft 80 of the electric machine.
- the drive shaft 80 rotates freely around the axis of rotation A and relative to the base 77 of the electric machine 65 by means of at least one rotating guide bearing.
- the axis of rotation A is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis X. Its proximal end 90 is guided in rotation by the first rotor bearing 82 in a receiving housing 92 of the base 77 and its distal end 91 is coupled to the wheel. toothed 84.
- the drive shaft 80 comprises a first portion 93 and a second portion 94 which are integral in rotation.
- the first portion 93 carries the proximal end 90 and the second portion 94 carries the distal end 91.
- the first portion 93 comprises (towards its free end 97) grooves 95 on its radially outer surface and which engage with the grooves. corresponding formed on the radially internal surface of the second portion 94.
- the receiving housing 92 is delimited by an annular partition 96 of axis coaxial with the axis of rotation A of the drive shaft 80 and which is integral with the sole 78.
- the annular partition 96 rises from a surface. internal sole 78.
- the first rotor bearing 82 arranged upstream of the rotor 74, comprises a first ring (here, the inner ring 88) secured to the drive shaft 80 and a second ring (here the outer ring 87) secured to the wall of the annular partition 96.
- the free end 97 of the first portion 93 extends inside the second portion 94.
- the second rotor bearing 83 is arranged, axially downstream of the rotor 74, and radially between the support bearing 38 and the second portion 94 of the drive shaft 80.
- the first ring (here, the inner ring 88) of the second rotor bearing 83 is integral with the drive shaft 80 and the second ring (here the outer ring 87) is integral with the bearing support 38.
- the stator 75 is mounted on the annular skirt 71 of the housing of the bearing support.
- the free end of the skirt 71 comprises an annular neck 98 which carries the outer ring 87 of the second rotor bearing 83.
- the second rotor bearing 83 has a diameter greater than that of the first rotor bearing 82.
- the toothed wheel 84 is coupled to the second portion 94 of the drive shaft 80.
- the toothed wheel 84 meshes with the fixed ring gear 85. on the projecting element 86 of the fan shaft 6 (or which is made in one piece with the fan shaft 6).
- the toothed wheel 84 is disposed axially between the inner ring 88 of the second rotor bearing 83 and a fastening element 99 (here a nut) to hold the latter on the second portion 94 of the drive shaft 80.
- the electric machine 65 comprises at least one electric cable 100 intended to transmit the electric power to the auxiliary pump 61.
- the electric cable 100 extends outside the lubrication chamber 22 which prevents the latter from coming into contact with an oil-bathed environment.
- the electric cable 100 is advantageously connected (directly or indirectly) to the stator 75 and passes through an orifice 101 (shown in FIG. 5) of the sole 78 of the support 77 of the electric machine 65.
- the orifice 101 has an axis B parallel to the longitudinal axis X.
- the cable 100 is connected to the electric motor 65.
- the electric machine 65 is configured so as to facilitate its assembly and disassembly.
- the speed reducer 21 is first assembled with its various components by sliding it from upstream to downstream so that the solar 30 is coupled to the low pressure shaft 15.
- the fan shaft 6 is fixed to radial flanges 102 (shown in FIG. 2) of the ring 33 using fasteners 103 (shown in FIG. 2). These fasteners may include screws, nuts, bolt, stud or other suitable elements to facilitate disassembly and / or assembly.
- the bearing 35 (with its inner and outer rings) is mounted on the fan shaft 6.
- the bearing 40 (with its inner and outer rings) is also mounted on the fan shaft 6 (preferably after mounting the bearing 35 ).
- the bearing 35 is mounted on the first bearing support 38.
- the latter is then fixed to a fixed structure of the turbomachine.
- the bearing 35 is then tightened on the fan shaft 6 using a nut for example.
- the first and second bearing brackets 38, 43 are secured together.
- the bearing 40 is mounted on the second bearing support 43 before the latter is fixed on the first bearing support 38.
- the electric machine 65 (with its rotor 74, stator 75, drive shaft 80 and bearing 82, 83, etc.) is assembled and then arranged in the housing 69 (produced in the bearing support 38). More precisely, the rotor 74 is mounted on the drive shaft 80 of the base 77.
- the stator 75 is mounted on the fixed element supporting at least in part the electrical machine, or on the base 77 of the housing of the electrical machine. 65 (more precisely the annular wall 79) (embodiment of Figures 2 and 4), or on a wall of the housing of the electrical machine (more precisely the cylindrical skirt 71 of the first bearing support 38) (embodiment of the figure 5).
- the toothed ring 85 is advantageously fixed on the fan shaft 6 before the electric machine 65 with the toothed wheel 84 is inserted into the housing 69.
- the base 77 is then fixed on the first support 38 so that the rotor 74 and the stator 75 are arranged in the housing 69 of the first bearing support 38 which is open in the lubrication enclosure 22. In this way, when the latter is engaged in the housing 69, the toothed wheel 84 (carried by the 'drive shaft 80) meshes with the toothed ring 85.
- the sole 78 of the base 77 is screwed here on the bottom 70 of the housing 69.
- Disassembly is carried out by performing the steps in reverse.
- the electric cable 100 is connected to the electric machine 65 and to the auxiliary pump 61.
- the disc 5 is then inserted from upstream of the inner case to couple it to the fan shaft 6.
- the inlet cone 24 is finally mounted on the inner case to close the fan module.
- the power take-off mechanism 76 is installed on the fan shaft 6 after the installation of the fan shaft 6.
- the ring gear 85 is mounted on the fan shaft 6 and is attached to the latter.
- the toothed ring 85 can be made integrally with the fan shaft 6 as described above.
- the toothed wheel 84 (previously fixed on the second portion 94 of the drive shaft 80) is arranged so as to mesh with the ring gear toothed 85.
- the second rotor bearing 83 (with its inner and outer rings) is also secured to the second portion 94 of the drive shaft 80.
- the first and second bearing supports 38, 43 are mounted in the turbomachine with their respective bearings 35, 40.
- the electric machine 65 is assembled and arranged in the housing 69 of the electric machine 65.
- the rotor 74 is mounted on the drive shaft 80 of the base 77 and the stator 75 is mounted on the housing of the electric machine. (more precisely, on the cylindrical skirt 71 of the first the bearing support 38).
- the first portion 93 of the drive shaft 80 with the rotor 74 and the first rotor bearing 82 (inner ring and outer ring) which are mounted thereon is inserted into the housing of the bearing bracket of the. upstream to downstream.
- the splines of the first portion 93 of the drive shaft 80 engage by sliding in the corresponding splines of the second portion 94 of the drive shaft 80.
- the sole 78 of the support 7 is then screwed onto the bottom 70 of the case.
- the toothed ring 85, the toothed wheel 84, the bearing 83 (with its inner and outer rings), the nut 99 and the second portion 94 of the drive shaft 80 remain permanently on the fan shaft 6.
- the sole 78, the bearing 82 (with its inner and outer rings) and the rotor 74 are removed simultaneously.
- the stator 75 can then be removed as well.
- the bearing brackets 38, 43 are then removed, as well as the fan shaft 6
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2003359A FR3108945B1 (fr) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Module de turbomachine equipe d’une machine electrique |
| PCT/FR2021/050539 WO2021198601A1 (fr) | 2020-04-03 | 2021-03-26 | Module de turbomachine equipe d'une machine electrique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4127438A1 true EP4127438A1 (fr) | 2023-02-08 |
Family
ID=70978208
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21720806.5A Pending EP4127438A1 (fr) | 2020-04-03 | 2021-03-26 | Module de turbomachine equipe d'une machine electrique |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12546256B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4127438A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN115298427B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3108945B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021198601A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3127532B1 (fr) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-10-13 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Module pour une turbomachine d’aeronef |
| US12228042B1 (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2025-02-18 | General Electric Company | Lubrication system for a turbine engine |
| US20250163829A1 (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2025-05-22 | General Electric Company | Lubrication system for a turbine engine |
| US12292004B1 (en) | 2024-01-12 | 2025-05-06 | Rtx Corporation | Component mounting and drive in a geared turbofan architecture |
| US12590562B2 (en) | 2024-01-19 | 2026-03-31 | Rtx Corporation | Component mounting and drive in a geared turbofan architecture |
| US20260085785A1 (en) * | 2024-09-25 | 2026-03-26 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Oil tank access port cover for an aircraft engine oil system |
| US12534214B1 (en) | 2025-01-09 | 2026-01-27 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Aircraft engine auxiliary oil system |
| US12546232B1 (en) | 2025-03-28 | 2026-02-10 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Inducing windmilling to allow oil flow during fire-induced emergency state |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3941821B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-15 | 2007-07-04 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両用タンデム式回転電機 |
| US7849668B2 (en) * | 2006-10-25 | 2010-12-14 | United Technologies Corporation | Rotor brake and windmilling lubrication system for geared turbofan engine |
| US9657645B2 (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2017-05-23 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Engine architecture using electric machine |
| WO2015065720A1 (fr) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-05-07 | United Technologies Corporation | Pompe à huile auxiliaire pour organe de démultiplication de moteur à turbine à gaz |
| US10634053B2 (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2020-04-28 | United Technologies Corporation | Electric windmill pump for gearbox durability |
| US11230385B2 (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2022-01-25 | General Electric Company | Hybrid-electric propulsion system for an aircraft |
| US10822100B2 (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2020-11-03 | General Electric Company | Hybrid electric propulsion system for an aircraft |
| US10598084B2 (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2020-03-24 | Borgwarner Inc. | Cooling and lubrication system for a turbocharger |
| EP3590831B1 (fr) * | 2018-06-05 | 2021-05-05 | GE Avio S.r.l. | Système et procédé de détection de panne de système de lubrifiant d'ensemble d'engrenages |
| US11156128B2 (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2021-10-26 | General Electric Company | Embedded electric machine |
| EP3633160B1 (fr) * | 2018-10-01 | 2022-11-02 | Rolls-Royce plc | Moteur de turbine à gaz avec accumulateur d'énergie intégré |
-
2020
- 2020-04-03 FR FR2003359A patent/FR3108945B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-03-26 WO PCT/FR2021/050539 patent/WO2021198601A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-03-26 CN CN202180020785.7A patent/CN115298427B/zh active Active
- 2021-03-26 EP EP21720806.5A patent/EP4127438A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-03-26 US US17/905,318 patent/US12546256B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021198601A1 (fr) | 2021-10-07 |
| CN115298427B (zh) | 2025-09-23 |
| FR3108945B1 (fr) | 2022-11-11 |
| US12546256B2 (en) | 2026-02-10 |
| FR3108945A1 (fr) | 2021-10-08 |
| US20230313739A1 (en) | 2023-10-05 |
| CN115298427A (zh) | 2022-11-04 |
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