EP4119467A1 - Véhicule de collecte des déchets - Google Patents

Véhicule de collecte des déchets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4119467A1
EP4119467A1 EP22185128.0A EP22185128A EP4119467A1 EP 4119467 A1 EP4119467 A1 EP 4119467A1 EP 22185128 A EP22185128 A EP 22185128A EP 4119467 A1 EP4119467 A1 EP 4119467A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydraulic
refuse
driven
collection vehicle
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22185128.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mike WARDENIER
Jasper Alexander COSTER
Ivan Theodoor ROOSENDAAL
Deonicius Johannes NIESSEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Geesink BV
Original Assignee
Geesink BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Geesink BV filed Critical Geesink BV
Publication of EP4119467A1 publication Critical patent/EP4119467A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/14—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/14—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B65F2003/146—Sensors, e.g. pressure sensors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to refuse collection vehicle having a lifting device for lifting refuse bins and emptying these refuse bins into the collection vehicle and having a compactor for compacting the refuse collected in the vehicle.
  • a refuse collection vehicle is a truck designed for collecting refuse offered in refuse bins placed at the side of the road.
  • a truck is in general considered to consist of two main structures:
  • the components associated to the driving functions and the super-structure are provided on the chassis frame.
  • the 'components associated to the driving functions' may depend on customer requirements, but may in general be common for trucks with different specific functions.
  • the 'components associated to the driving functions' of the truck may comprise:
  • the 'driving functions system' of a refuse collection vehicle may, according to the invention, comprise one or more of:
  • the super-structure of a truck highly depends on the specific function(s) for which the truck is intended.
  • the super-structure typically comprises a floor, walls, and a roof enclosing a load space for cargo; in a concrete truck, the super-structure typically comprises a rotating drum on an inclined axis; in a dump truck, the super-structure typically comprises an open-box bed, which is hinged at the rear and lifts at the front, allowing the material in the bed to be unloaded on the ground behind the truck; in a tank truck, the super-structure typically comprises a cylindrical tank for liquids or gasses; and in a refuse collection vehicle, like the one according to the invention, the super-structure typically comprises a collecting body for collecting refuse, a lifting device configured for lifting refuse bins and emptying the refuse bins into the collecting body, and a compactor configured for compacting refuse received in the collection body.
  • a refuse collection vehicle is typically driven by a combustion engine, and provided with a compactor, a lifting device, and a refuse collection body - further called 'collection body' -, into which the contents of the refuse bins is deposited by means of the lifting device.
  • the lifting device is configured to lift one or more refuse bins from the street into a position where the contents of the bins is emptied into the collection body, after which the refuse bin is lowered again and placed back on the street.
  • the compactor is configured to compact the refuse in the collection body so that more refuse can be collected in the collection body. This collection process is carried out multiple times.
  • the refuse collection vehicle drives to a refuse collection station to empty the collection body, after which the refuse collection vehicle is ready again for collecting refuse that is offered along the road.
  • the refuse collection vehicle according to the invention may optionally be provided with an ejector configured for pushing the refuse out of the collection vehicle and a tailgate configured for swivelling away to allow unloading of refuse at the back of the refuse collection vehicle.
  • Actuators for the tailgate, compactor, ejector and lift are frequently hydraulically driven cylinders, which require a hydraulic pump.
  • the power for the hydraulic pump is usually derived from a Power Take Off (PTO), which takes power from the combustion engine and provides power to the hydraulic pump. This results in additional load on the combustion engine whilst the collection vehicle is (about) stationary for emptying refuse bins into the collection body , leading to undesirable noise and exhaust emissions.
  • PTO Power Take Off
  • EP2072421 details a solution for using electric power to actuate the hydraulic actuators, using additional batteries 11 which are charged in the night-time when the vehicle is not in use (see [0022] of EP2072421 ) using an additional charging infrastructure.
  • a downside of using electrical batteries to perform the hydraulic actuations is that the power and capacity needed for actuating all said hydraulic devices electrically is such that a separate battery is required. This increases the weight of the vehicle, resulting in a lower refuse collection capacity.
  • EP2192055 discloses a refuse collection truck. This truck has - see [0022] of EP2192055 - a pressing system/press or so called packer (44), which is hydraulically driven and hydraulically controlled by a first pump (46). This first pump (46) is mechanically driven by the power take off (48), abbreviated as PTO. This truck further has - see [0019] of EP2192055 - a loading system (4) for emptying containers (6). This loading system is - see [0022] of EP2192055 - driven by a second pump (52) which is also mechanically driven by the PTO and which is necessarily variably controllable.
  • This electrically driven pump/second energy source is - see EP2192055 column 3 lines 26-27 - only set to a maximum required power of the loading system and thus not variably driven and, when the combustion engine supplies insufficient oil, the electric motor is witched on - see EP2192055 column 7 lines 37-39 - so that the power for the loading system is provided by the second, variably controllable, PTO driven pump (52) as well as the third electrically driven pump (54).
  • the truck of EP2192055 has quite a complex control which necessarily requires three pumps, a PTO driven, first pump for the press, a PTO driven, second pump for the loading system, and an electrically driven, third pump for the loading system, which electrically driven third pump must be able to operate the loading system at the same time as the PTO driven, second pump operates the loading system.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a refuse collection vehicle which overcomes one or more of the above problems.
  • a refuse collection vehicle comprising a sub-structure and a super-structure
  • PTO power take off
  • the mechanically driven hydraulic pump is hydraulically connected to i) the compactor actuator system, and to ii) the lift actuator system. Further, the lift actuator system can be driven by the electrically driven hydraulic pump or by the mechanically driven hydraulic pump For this purpose:
  • the lifting operation of the refuse collection vehicle according to the invention may be in its primary modus of lifting when the hydraulic switch is in the second condition and in its secondary or backup modus of lifting when the hydraulic switch is in the first condition.
  • the secondary or back-up modus of the lifting operation may be used for example when the remaining charge of the chassis battery might be too low. Switching between the first condition and second condition may be done manually or - as further addressed below - automatically.
  • connection between the lift actuator system and the hydraulic switch is provided by the hydraulic lift feedline extending from the hydraulic switch up to the lift actuator system.
  • the upstream end of this hydraulic lift feedline thus is so to say attached to an outlet of the hydraulic switch, and the downstream end of this hydraulic lift feedline thus is so to say attached to the lift actuator system.
  • Actuation of the compactor - i.e. its compactor actuator(s) - requires high hydraulic power, whilst the actuation of the lifting device - i.e. its lift actuator(s) - requires relatively low hydraulic power. It has been found that several lifting actions can be performed with a hydraulic pump electrically driven by a usual chassis battery without depleting the chassis battery, whilst the high hydraulic power required for the compactor overloads a chassis battery resulting not only about directly in the chassis battery being empty and consequently failure of the driving functions systems, but also in damaging the internals of the chassis battery.
  • this invention saves weight by not using additional batterie(s) whilst reducing noise and/or exhaust emissions with respect to conventional lifting actuations. Additionally, using the chassis battery eliminates the need for any additional or other and heavier charging infrastructure.
  • the hydraulic switch allows using the battery when said usage is suitable, and using the power take off when using the battery is not suitable.
  • the hydraulic switch may be a 3-way valve with one inlet port and two outlet ports. More specifically, the hydraulic switch may according to a further embodiment of the invention be a shuttle valve.
  • the basic structure of a shuttle valve is - see Wikipedia - like a tube with three openings; one on each end, and one in the middle. A ball or other blocking valve element moves freely within the tube. When pressure from a fluid is exerted through an opening on one end it pushes the ball/blocking valve element towards the opposite end. This prevents the fluid from traveling through that opening, but allows it to flow through the middle opening. In this way two different sources can provide pressure without the threat of back flow from one source to the other.
  • the pressure of the inlet fluid pushing the ball/blocking valve element away' may be lower than the pressure of the other inlet fluid. This may for example be achieved by supporting the lower pressure with a spring and/or by configuring the surface onto which the lower pressure acts larger than the surface onto which the higher pressure acts.
  • a shuttle valve as such is a passive valve without any incorporated (electric) actuator, but it switches depending on the difference between the pressures of the fluid at the two inlets.
  • the vehicle may further comprises a control system configured to switch the hydraulic switch between the first and second condition on the basis of a sensor signal.
  • the control system may comprise according to a further embodiment of the invention:
  • said 'mechanism' may comprise the electric motor of the electrically driven hydraulic pump and the shuttle valve, with the control signal for example an electromagnetic 3-way valve, said 'mechanism' may comprise the electromagnetic 3-way valve with the control signal being the signal operating the electromagnetic switch element of the electromagnetic 3-way valve.
  • said 'one or more parameters' comprise a parameter representative of the presently remaining capacity of the chassis battery, i.e. the battery charge status indicating how much residual capacity a battery still has at a given moment.
  • the battery charge status may for example be determined based on the battery voltage of the battery.
  • the residual capacity is considered to be 100% at a voltage of about 12.7 V and is considered to be zero (0%) at a voltage of about 10.8 V.
  • these values may be 25.4 V and 21.6 V, respectively. In case of other types of batteries similar but different values are known from practise.
  • the concentration of sulfuric acid may for example form a measure of the amount of capacity that is still available and can be easily determined with an acid scale without requiring the battery being decoupled.
  • the controller is configured to:
  • the sensor signal drops below a predetermined low value. This may happen when the lifting device is driven by the electrically driven pump which in turn is driven by the chassis battery. In case this happens the control signal changes from the second signal (corresponding to the lifting device being driven by the chassis battery) to the first signal in order to bring the hydraulic switch in the first condition to prevent the battery from being de-charged any further by the lifting device.
  • the controller is further configured to change from the first control signal to the second control signal when said one or more sensor signals are indicative of the presently remaining capacity of the battery exceeding a predetermined high value, the predetermined high value being larger than the predetermined low value.
  • the chassis battery is normally charged when the combustion engine is running..
  • the hydraulic switch is switched to the second condition so that the lifting device is driven by the chassis battery (i.e. by the electrical pump driven by the chassis battery).
  • said one or more parameters may comprise an instantaneous voltage of the chassis battery.
  • this may be a voltage during operation of the combustion engine with the refuse collection vehicle stationary and the electrically driven hydraulic pump turned off. When the electrically driven hydraulic pump is in operation, this will cause the voltage of the chassis battery to drop and being dependent from the load being lifted by the lifting device. As this lifted load will vary from bin to bin, a voltage measured when the electrically driven hydraulic pump is turned off will give a reliable value for purpose of controlling the hydraulic switch.
  • the instantaneous voltage of the chassis battery may be a voltage of the chassis battery at a predetermined time after turning off the electrically driven hydraulic pump.
  • This predetermined time may for example be 1, 3, 5 or 10 seconds.
  • said instantaneous voltage of the chassis battery may also be taken or in addition also be taken during operation of the electrically driven hydraulic pump.
  • This may for example be a safety measure to allow the controller to ensure that the hydraulic switch switches to first condition in case the capacity of chassis battery may drop below a predetermined safety value.
  • This safety value may for example be chosen such that the chassis battery is prevented from being damaged and/or that it is ensured that continued operation of the driving functions system is guaranteed.
  • the said one or more parameters are measured or determined continually: a continuous signal in the case of an analogue measurement, and a digital signal in the case of a digital measurement.
  • a digital measurement the measurement is taken so frequently - i.e. the sample interval is taken so short - that the switching to the second condition happens before the battery would reach a value below the first critical value, at which value the lifting actuation or the driving functions would be compromised.
  • the driving functions system may comprise one or more of:
  • the fuel for the combustion engine may be any fuel suitable.
  • the fuel may be diesel, petrol (as it is called in Europe +or gasoline as it is called in the USA), or a fuel gas.
  • a 'fuel gas' is any one of a number of fuels that under ordinary conditions are gaseous, but may be liquified for storage in a fuel tank. Examples of fuel gases are hydrogen and hydrocarbons.
  • the chassis battery is a battery which is designed to have a nominal charge of about 24 Volt - a so called 24V battery - , which is the standard for chassis batteries of trucks.
  • the chassis battery may for example be a 24V 300 Ah battery, or a 24V battery with a capacity of less than 300 Ah.
  • the refuse collection vehicle may further comprise:
  • the refuse collection vehicle additionally comprises a tailgate and/or an ejector, both of which function to assist in eject the refuse from the collection body, and both of which draw power from the power take off following the same reasoning as the compactor: the actuation of the tailgate and the ejector requires high hydraulic power which would deplete the battery too drastically. Further, the action occurs much less frequent.
  • the electrically driven hydraulic pump and its associated electric motor are located in front of the collection body, such as between the collection body and the drivers cab.
  • Fig. 1 schematically illustrates refuse collection vehicle 100 according to the invention.
  • the refuse collection vehicle 100 comprises a frame 102, a driver's cab 103, a collection body 104 for collecting refuse, a tailgate 105 and a lifting device 101.
  • the driver's cab 103 is provided on the frame 102, at the front of the vehicle.
  • the collection body 104 is provided on the frame 102, behind the driver's cab 103.
  • the tailgate 105 is provided at the rear side of the vehicle with the collection body 104 arranged between the tailgate 105 and the driver's cab 103.
  • the frame 102 is further provided with a fuel tank 106, front wheels 107 and double rear wheels 108.
  • FIG. 2 shows the lifting device 101 in some more detail.
  • Figure 2a shows the lifting device in lowermost position ready for receiving a refuse bin 202 .
  • Figure 2b shows the lifting device in uppermost position with the refuse bin 202 in lifted and tilted position such that the contents of a refuse bin 202 is emptied into the refuse collection vehicle 100.
  • the lifting and tilting of the refuse bin 202 is achieved by means of hydraulic lift actuators 201.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows the hydraulic system 300, as well as the combustion engine 301, in fluid connection with the fuel tank 106, which combustion engine 301 mechanically drives, via a power take off 304, a mechanically driven hydraulic pump 305.
  • the combustion engine 301 further drives the dynamo 302 which in turn charges the chassis battery 303.
  • Fig. 3 further schematically shows a electrically driven hydraulic pump 307, which is driven by an electric motor 306.
  • the electric motor 306 is controlled by the control system 500 and is driven by the chassis battery 303, i.e. supplied with electrical energy from the chassis battery 303.
  • the mechanically driven hydraulic pump 305 and the electrically driven hydraulic pump 307 are in fluid connection with an oil tank 308 for sucking in hydraulic fluid.
  • a hydraulic compactor feedline 351 connects the mechanically driven hydraulic pump 305 with the compactor actuator system 310, which drives the compactor 311.
  • a hydraulic first switch feedline 354 connects the mechanically driven hydraulic pump 305 to the first inlet port of the hydraulic switch 309.
  • the electrically driven hydraulic pump 307 is connected to the second inlet port of the hydraulic switch 309 by a hydraulic second switch feedline 353.
  • the lift actuator system 201 configured for actuating the lifting device 101, is connected to the outlet port of the hydraulic switch 309 by a hydraulic lift feedline 352.
  • the hydraulic pump 305 is further connected to the tailgate actuator system 314, configured for actuating the tailgate 105, and to the ejector actuator system 312, configured for actuating the ejector 313.
  • the hydraulic switch 309 is depicted as a shuttle valve having a shut off element 320 - depicted as a ball - movable between a first condition and a second condition.
  • the shut off element 320 is shown in the first condition, with the shut off element 320 in its most right position in which it i) closes the second inlet port connected with the electrically driven hydraulic pump 307, and ii) provides hydraulic connection between outlet port connected with the lift actuator system and the first inlet port connected with the mechanically driven pump 305.
  • shut off element 320 When the shut off element 320 is in the second condition, the shut off element 320 will - in figure 3 - be in its most left position in which it i) closes the first inlet port connected with the mechanically driven pump 305 and ii) provides hydraulic connection between outlet port connected with the lift actuator system and the second inlet port connected with the electrically driven pump 307.
  • Fig. 4 schematically illustrates the chassis battery 303 which supplies electrical energy to the driving functions system 400, including in this example:
  • Fig. 5 schematically illustrates the control system 500, comprising:
  • the sensor system may be configured to sense the instantaneous voltage of the chassis battery, in this example a 24V chassis battery.
  • a first predetermined low voltage is chosen well above the voltage at which the chassis battery is considered to be in empty condition. This first predetermined low voltage may for example be set about 2.5 V higher than the voltage associated to the empty condition. Let's say this predetermined low voltage is 24.0 V.
  • the sensor system is configured to measure the voltage when the combustion engine is in operation with the vehicle stationary and at a moment that the electrically driven hydraulic pump has been switched off for a predetermined time of for example 5 seconds.
  • the controller switches from the second control signal to the first control signal resulting in the hydraulic switch assuming its first condition in which the hydraulic lift actuator system is driven by the mechanically driven hydraulic pump (driven by the PTO).
  • the chassis battery will be recharged by the dynamo driven by the combustion engine and the sensor system will continue to do its measurements when the combustion engine is in operation with the vehicle stationary and at moments that the electrically driven hydraulic pump has been switched off for a predetermined time of for example 5 seconds.
  • the controller switches from the first control signal (back) to the second control signal resulting in the hydraulic switch assuming its second condition in which the hydraulic lift actuator system is driven by the electrically driven hydraulic pump powered by the chassis battery.
  • the sensor system may be configured to continually measure the voltage of the chassis battery and the controller may be configured to change from the second control signal to the first control signal when the voltage of the chassis battery drops below a predetermined safety voltage which is between the voltage associated to the empty condition and the predetermined low voltage.
  • This predetermined safety value may for example be in the range of 0.5 to 1 V higher than the voltage associated to the empty condition of the chassis battery.
  • a feedline is here understood to be a piping through which pressurized hydraulic fluid is transported, for example to an actuator which is hydraulically powered.
  • feedline has in general an upstream end and downstream end as may have been defined in this application for a specific feedline.
  • a feedline may be provided with hydraulic components - like valves, pumps, etcetera - arranged between its upstream and downstream end.
  • a 24V battery may be formed by:
  • this specific voltage is the nominal voltage.
  • the voltage of this battery in fully charged condition will in practice be about 25.4 V whilst this battery is considered to be empty and needing recharge when the voltage is about 24.8 V.
  • the voltage of this battery in fully charged condition will in practice be about 12.7 V whilst this battery/battery unit is considered to be empty and needing recharge when the voltage is about 12.4 V.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)
EP22185128.0A 2021-07-16 2022-07-15 Véhicule de collecte des déchets Pending EP4119467A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2028755A NL2028755B1 (en) 2021-07-16 2021-07-16 Refuse collection vehicle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4119467A1 true EP4119467A1 (fr) 2023-01-18

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ID=77519716

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22185128.0A Pending EP4119467A1 (fr) 2021-07-16 2022-07-15 Véhicule de collecte des déchets

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP4119467A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL2028755B1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1746049A1 (fr) * 2005-07-18 2007-01-24 Harald Artmann Dispositif de chargement d'un véhicule à ordures
EP2072421A1 (fr) 2007-12-19 2009-06-24 Norba AB Système de commande de composants hydrauliques d'une superstructure de véhicule
EP2192055A1 (fr) 2008-11-27 2010-06-02 Terberg Machines B.V. Dispossitif de chargement pour véhicule de ramassage d'ordures

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1746049A1 (fr) * 2005-07-18 2007-01-24 Harald Artmann Dispositif de chargement d'un véhicule à ordures
EP2072421A1 (fr) 2007-12-19 2009-06-24 Norba AB Système de commande de composants hydrauliques d'une superstructure de véhicule
EP2192055A1 (fr) 2008-11-27 2010-06-02 Terberg Machines B.V. Dispossitif de chargement pour véhicule de ramassage d'ordures

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL2028755B1 (en) 2023-01-17

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