EP4097650A1 - Procédé de génération d'un scénario retranscrit par un système de communication et dispositifs associés - Google Patents
Procédé de génération d'un scénario retranscrit par un système de communication et dispositifs associésInfo
- Publication number
- EP4097650A1 EP4097650A1 EP21701553.6A EP21701553A EP4097650A1 EP 4097650 A1 EP4097650 A1 EP 4097650A1 EP 21701553 A EP21701553 A EP 21701553A EP 4097650 A1 EP4097650 A1 EP 4097650A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- information
- node
- scenario
- function
- nodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N5/00—Computing arrangements using knowledge-based models
- G06N5/04—Inference or reasoning models
- G06N5/045—Explanation of inference; Explainable artificial intelligence [XAI]; Interpretable artificial intelligence
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for generating a scenario transcribed by a communication system.
- the present invention also relates to a use of a scenario generated by the generation method.
- the present invention also relates to a test, a computer program product and an associated physical information medium.
- reference bases For example, in the case of signal analysis or processing, a base is built from referenced and annotated images. Similarly, for problem-solving algorithms like optimization, standard problem bases have been established, these problems having a known or optimal solution.
- the description relates to a method for generating a scenario transcribed by a communication system comprising a plurality of nodes and a plurality of communication channels, a scenario being a set of events, each event corresponding to a plurality.
- each node being an entity capable of generating information relating to at least part of the scenario via at least one of the communication channels, each node being modeled by perception, processing capacity and sincerity, perception being defined as the involuntary capacity to receive information without altering the information, processing capacity being defined as the capacity to process one or more information and sincerity being defined as the voluntary capacity to transmit information without altering the information, the method being implemented by computer, the method comprising, for each node, a step of:
- the first function being a function representative of the perception of the node to obtain perceived information
- the second function being a function representative of the processing capacity of the node to obtain converted information
- the third function being representative of the sincerity of the node to obtain subjective information to be transmitted
- the generation method takes as input real information forming a scenario which can be qualified as real or initial and generates from this scenario information transcribed by the communication system forming a transcribed scenario.
- the information is organized in relation to the event to which this information refers. This allows, for a given event, to obtain initial information that can be compared to subjective information.
- This subjective information is organized in the form of an event during the generation step of the transcribed scenario.
- this step can consist of filtering.
- the communication system is a set of sensors, for example on an airplane, this makes it possible to determine on the basis of a set of events (appearance of an obstacle, explosion, engine failure) , the information available to the pilot.
- each sensor only captures certain information (perception), is only able to extract information from certain parts of the signal (processing capacity) and may be subject to interference (sincerity).
- the generation method has one or more of the following characteristics taken according to any technically admissible combination:
- the probability of requesting at least one item of information by the node is also calculated when the probability is greater than or equal to a threshold, additional information corresponding to the information collected following the request at least one item of information by the node is added to the set of initial information.
- - a direction is defined in the communication system from upstream to downstream, and in which, for each node downstream of at least one neighboring node, the information obtained from the initial information is the subjective information transmitted by neighboring nodes.
- extremal nodes are defined as a node having no upstream neighbor node, the generation step being the concatenation of the subjective information sent by the extremal nodes.
- Reference nodes are defined, a reference node being a node having a number of neighboring nodes greater than 50, the generation step being the concatenation of the subjective information sent by the reference nodes.
- - at least one node is a sensor.
- the description also relates to a use of a scenario generated by the generation method as previously described in a method for evaluating the performance of at least one algorithm.
- Such a use can, for example, be implemented by determining a performance score as a function of the percentage of identity obtained between the scenario generated and the scenario obtained by applying the algorithm to the same initial scenario and the same. communication system.
- the description also describes a test, in particular intended for the evaluation method as described above, the test being generated, for a scenario and a communication system chosen, by generation of a scenario transcribed by implementation of the generation method such as as previously described, the test associating all of the information generated with the scenario and the communication system chosen.
- the description also relates to a computer program product comprising a readable information medium, on which is stored a computer program comprising program instructions, the computer program being loadable on a processing unit. data and adapted to cause the implementation of steps of a method as described above when the computer program is implemented on the data processing unit.
- the description also relates to a readable information medium comprising program instructions forming a computer program, the computer program being loadable onto a data processing unit and adapted to cause the implementation of steps of a. method as described above when the computer program is implemented on the data processing unit.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a system and a computer program product
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an example of implementation of the generation method implemented by interaction between the system and the computer program product of Figure 1,
- FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of an example of a communication system
- Figure 4 is a diagram of a modeling of a node forming part of the communication system of Figure 3.
- a calculator 10 and a computer program product 12 are shown in Figure 1.
- the interaction between the computer 10 and the computer program product 12 allows the implementation of a method of generating a scenario.
- the generation process is thus a computer implemented process.
- Calculator 10 is a desktop computer.
- the computer 10 is a computer mounted on a rack, a laptop computer, a tablet, a personal digital assistant (PDA) or a smartphone.
- the computer is adapted to operate in real time and / or is in an on-board system, in particular in a vehicle such as an airplane.
- the computer 10 comprises a calculation unit 14, a user interface 16 and a communication device 18.
- the computing unit 14 is an electronic circuit designed to manipulate and / or transform data represented by electronic or physical quantities in registers of the computer 10 and / or memories into other similar data corresponding to physical data in the. memories of registers or other types of display devices, transmission devices or storage devices.
- the computing unit 14 comprises a single-core or multi-core processor (such as a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a microcontroller, and a digital signal processor ( DSP)), a programmable logic circuit (such as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an in-situ programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device (PLD), and programmable logic arrays (PLA)), a state machine, a logic gate, and discrete hardware components.
- a single-core or multi-core processor such as a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a microcontroller, and a digital signal processor ( DSP)
- a programmable logic circuit such as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an in-situ programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device (PLD), and programmable logic arrays (PLA)
- ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
- FPGA in-situ programmable
- the calculation unit 14 comprises a data processing unit 20 suitable for processing data, in particular by performing calculations, memories 22 suitable for storing data and a reader 24 suitable for reading a computer readable medium.
- User interface 16 includes an input device 26 and an output device 28.
- the input device 26 is a device allowing the user of the system 10 to enter information or commands into the system 10.
- the input device 26 is a keyboard.
- input device 26 is a pointing device (such as a mouse, touchpad, and graphics tablet), voice recognition device, eye tracker, or haptic device (motion analysis).
- the output device 28 is a graphical user interface, i.e. a display unit designed to provide information to the user of the computer 10.
- the output device 28 is a display screen allowing a visual presentation of the output.
- the output device is a printer, augmented and / or virtual display unit, speaker, or other sound generating device for presenting the output as a sound, a speaker, or other sound generating device. unit producing vibrations and / or odors or a unit adapted to produce an electrical signal.
- the input device 26 and the output device 28 are the same component forming human-machine interfaces, such as an interactive screen.
- the communication device 18 allows unidirectional or bidirectional communication between the components of the computer 10.
- the communication device 18 is a communication system by bus or an input / output interface.
- the presence of the communication device 18 allows that, in certain embodiments, the components of the computer 14 are distant from each other.
- the computer program product 12 includes a computer readable medium 32.
- Computer readable medium 32 is a tangible device readable by reader 24 of calculator 14.
- the computer readable medium 32 is not a transient signal per se, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, such as light pulses or electronic signals.
- Such a computer readable storage medium 32 is, for example, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device or any combination of. these.
- the computer readable storage medium 32 is a mechanically encoded device, such as punch cards or relief structures in a groove, floppy disk, hard disk, ROM. (ROM), random access memory (RAM), programmable read-only erasable memory (EROM), electrically erasable and readable memory (EEPROM), magneto-optical disc, static random access memory (SRAM), compact disc ( CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Disk (DVD), USB flash drive, floppy disk, flash memory, solid-state disk (SSD), or PC card such as a PCMCIA memory card.
- ROM read-only erasable memory
- EEPROM electrically erasable and readable memory
- magneto-optical disc magneto-optical disc
- SRAM static random access memory
- CD-ROM compact disc
- DVD Digital Versatile Disk
- USB flash drive floppy disk
- SSD solid-state disk
- PCMCIA memory card such as a PCMCIA memory card.
- a computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium 32.
- the computer program includes one or more stored program instruction sequences.
- Such program instructions when they are executed by the data processing unit 20, lead to the execution of steps of the generation method.
- the form of program instructions is a form of source code, a computer-executable form, or any form intermediate between a source code and a computer-executable form, such as the form resulting from the conversion of the source code through an interpreter. , an assembler, a compiler, a linker or a locator.
- the program instructions are microcode, firmware instructions, state definition data, integrated circuit configuration data (eg, VHDL), or object code.
- Program instructions are written in any combination of one or more languages, for example, an object-oriented programming language (FORTRAN, C ++, JAVA, HTML), a procedural programming language (eg C language).
- object-oriented programming language e.g., C ++
- JAVA JAVA
- HTML JAVA
- C language e.g., C language
- the program instructions are downloaded from an external source via a network, as is notably the case for applications.
- the computer program product comprises a computer readable data medium on which the program instructions are stored or a data medium signal on which the program instructions are encoded.
- the computer program product 12 comprises instructions which can be loaded into the data processing unit 20 and adapted to cause the execution of the generation method when they are executed by the data processing unit. data 20.
- the execution is entirely or partially carried out either on the computer 10, that is to say a single computer, or in a system distributed between several computers (in particular via the use of the computer). cloud computing).
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an example of implementation of the generation method.
- the generation process simulates the transcription of a scenario by a communication system.
- a scenario is a set of events organized chronologically.
- An event is, for example, an action.
- Each event corresponds to a plurality of initial information.
- the initial information is authentic information relating to the event in question.
- the term “objective” is to be understood in the sense of “not interpreted” in this context.
- the event "seeing a person leave a door” is associated with the following initial information: the color of the person's clothes, the position of the person who saw the person leave, the age of the person. person who left or the building to which the door belongs.
- the communication system has a plurality of nodes and a plurality of communication channels.
- the nodes are 5 in number and are denoted N1, N2, N3, N4 and N5.
- Nodes N1, N2, N3, N4 and N5 interact with each other along communication channels materialized by arrows.
- a node is simply noted node N.
- the event is represented schematically by the plurality of initial information that it generates via a circle in which is written "Init”.
- Each node N is an entity capable of generating information relating to at least part of the scenario via at least one of the communication channels.
- a node N is a material element such as a sensor or a computer.
- a node N is a communication medium such as a website, a blog, a radio station or a newspaper.
- a node N is an individual or a set of individuals.
- an N node is a group of people on Twitter who would post messages following an explosion, but such that they are all too far away to talk about the explosion directly. In such a case, it is not important to identify the individual since each individual will provide the same type of information.
- each node N is modeled by a perception, a processing capacity and a sincerity.
- each node N is modeled by perception, processing ability and sincerity.
- perception is implemented in the perceptual receptor
- the processing capacity is implemented in the processing center
- sincerity is implemented in the sincere sender.
- the node N comprises a receiver 50, a processing center 52 and a transmitter 54.
- the operation of receiver 50, processing center 52 and transmitter 54 is represented by perception, processing ability and sincerity, respectively.
- the receiver 50 is an elementary antenna
- the processing center 52 is the electronics processing the data received by the elementary reception antenna
- the transmitter 54 is an elementary antenna d 'issue.
- the processing center 52 comprises, more specifically, a memory 56 and a processing unit 58.
- Perception is defined as the involuntary ability to receive information without altering the information.
- perception is an alteration of the attribute and value pairs of the input information.
- Processing capacity is defined as the ability to process one or more information.
- the processing capacity is the reflection that a node N can have on perceived information. This shows that node N may want to analyze information in order to complete or distort it, depending on its memory and its analytical capacities.
- node N is able to process one or more information to obtain interpreted information.
- the processing capacity can be entirely determined according to the scenario to be generated, or implemented by an algorithm.
- a zero degree of processing capacity will only consist of storing the perceived information for the node N.
- node N has sensed the information that the jacket is red.
- the node N has no information on what this can mean. The information is kept intact.
- Node N knows a gang with red jackets. Node N therefore thinks that the person wearing the red jacket is part of this gang.
- the processing capability of node N has modified the information to complete it according to an assumption which may be true or false.
- Sincerity is defined as the voluntary ability to transmit information without altering the information.
- sincerity corresponds to a willingness to distort some or all of the information or not to broadcast the information to another N node.
- sincerity is a quantification of the difference between the attribute and value pairs of the information to be transmitted compared to the information transmitted.
- the difference introduced can consist in changing a value, removing a couple and adding a couple.
- a first possibility of sincerity at the time of the information broadcast would consist not to transmit the portion of information relating to the color of the jacket. The information would thus be altered by deleting an attribute and its value.
- Node N transmitting the information is not aware of the existence of the gang with the red jackets, its sincerity will produce an unaltered news broadcast, for example.
- a communication channel is any link between two N nodes.
- the communication channels are diversified.
- a radio station communicates over radio waves while a group of people on Twitter communicates with another node N over the Internet.
- the generation method comprises a selection step, a calculation step, a determination step and a modification step.
- certain information is selected from among information obtained from the initial information.
- the information obtained from the initial information is the initial information and / or the information generated by the N nodes.
- the selected information is information perceived by the node N considered.
- the information selected is all the information perceived by the node N considered.
- the node N considered is a primary node N insofar as the node N is a direct witness of the event.
- the node N can also or exclusively receive information transmitted by another node N.
- the node N considered is a secondary node N.
- a downstream N node is a secondary N node for a primary N node.
- the deformation introduced by node N on the selected information is calculated.
- a first function F1 is used.
- the first function F1 is a function representative of the perception of node N.
- the first function F1 is systematic. This means that the first function F1 gives the same result for the same information.
- node N is color blind and the information selected is a red jacket
- the color blind person will see that the jacket is yellow and therefore the perceived information becomes a yellow jacket.
- the first function F1 associates a yellow object with any red object.
- the first function F1 is stochastic. This means that the first function F1 gives a random result for the same information.
- the conversion of the information perceived by the node N considered is calculated.
- the determination step uses a second function F2 for this.
- the second function F2 is representative of the processing capacity of node N.
- the second function F2 is a set of unitary functions which make it possible to create one or more pairs of attributes and values in addition to the pairs present in the information perceived.
- unitary functions can take the form of a capacity for information fusion, data analysis, rule-based reasoning.
- the possibility of requesting at least one item of information by the node N to obtain one or more additional items of information is also calculated.
- This request for at least one piece of information is sent to another N node.
- Additional information is information about events.
- the first function F1 then the second function F2 is applied to all the additional information and the selected information.
- the converted information is modified using a third function F3.
- the third function F3 is representative of the sincerity of node N.
- the third function F3 is systematic.
- the method for generating the example proposed comprises a concrete application of this determination step by generating the scenario transcribed using the subjective information transmitted.
- the generation step consists in concatenating subjective information transmitted by the extremal N nodes. Otherwise formulated, the generation step consists of grouping the subjective information not transmitted.
- reference nodes N are defined, a reference node N being a node N having a number of neighboring nodes N greater than 50, the generation step being the concatenation of the subjective information sent by the reference nodes N.
- a reference node N being a node N having a number of neighboring nodes N greater than 50
- the generation step being the concatenation of the subjective information sent by the reference nodes N.
- Such a case corresponds to the selection of nodes N having a particular influence, such as a national media or a public person.
- the generation method is compatible with a simulation carried out in accelerated mode with respect to real time since only the chronology of events is involved in the simulation. Otherwise formulated, the generation process is independent of the time that elapses in the sense that, if the network is assumed to be fixed, the subjective information generated depends only on the initial information available at the instant considered for the simulation.
- Such a simulation can be used in many applications.
- the simulation can be used to evaluate the performance of at least one algorithm.
- the algorithm is a high level information processing algorithm.
- High-level information is opposed to a signal (radio, acoustic, audio, image, video, text, etc.), raw data (measurements, time series, etc.). It is a piece of data or a set of data that has been replaced, interpreted and restructured according to a context of interest.
- the method comprises a generation phase and an evaluation phase.
- a set of test information is generated.
- the generation phase includes a step of choosing a scenario, a step of choosing a communication system and a step of determining.
- N nodes of communication will be chosen which alter the completeness of the information.
- the information generated by each node N is generated by implementing the generation method as described above.
- the tests are obtained in a structured format and are at the same time representative, coherent, diversified and controlled.
- the evaluation phase is implemented by using the tests generated.
- each test generated associates all of the information generated, a scenario being a set of events to the scenario and to the communication system chosen, each event corresponding to a plurality of initial information, the initial information being authentic information relating to the event in question, a communication system suitable for transcribing the event, the communication system comprising a plurality of nodes N and a plurality of communication channels, each node N being an entity suitable for generating relative information to at least part of the scenario via at least one of the communication channels.
- a prediction algorithm predicting the initial information from the scenario generated and from the communication system.
- the result obtained at the output of the prediction algorithm is a set of information.
- the evaluation of a prediction algorithm and more specifically the characterization of its performance generally involves obtaining several performance values in order to be able to know its performance on a set of particular cases.
- the evaluation can also take into account the probability that this occurs in normal use of the prediction algorithm.
- the characterization phase of the evaluation information sets consists of evaluating the difficulty of the problem to be solved.
- the evaluation information set characterization step aims to determine a level of difficulty of the problem defined by the evaluation information set.
- the calculation of this level of difficulty is based on the evaluation of different metrics and their combination, for example by a multi-criteria approach.
- the characterization metrics will be, for example, the amount of scenario information contained in the test information, the redundancy of the test information, or the amount of information contradictory to the scenario present in the test information.
- the generation method is a method of generating imperfect information allowing the comparison of algorithms.
- the imperfect information generated makes it possible to obtain benchmark tests to compare two prediction algorithms.
- each step / phase is implemented by a module adapted to implement the step or adapted software instructions to cause the execution of the step by interaction with the computer 10 or a specific device comprising the computer 10.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2000969A FR3106908B1 (fr) | 2020-01-31 | 2020-01-31 | Procede de generation d'un scenario retranscrit par un systeme de communication et dispositifs associes |
| PCT/EP2021/052149 WO2021152118A1 (fr) | 2020-01-31 | 2021-01-29 | Procédé de génération d'un scénario retranscrit par un système de communication et dispositifs associés |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4097650A1 true EP4097650A1 (fr) | 2022-12-07 |
Family
ID=71111511
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21701553.6A Pending EP4097650A1 (fr) | 2020-01-31 | 2021-01-29 | Procédé de génération d'un scénario retranscrit par un système de communication et dispositifs associés |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4097650A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3106908B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021152118A1 (fr) |
-
2020
- 2020-01-31 FR FR2000969A patent/FR3106908B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-01-29 WO PCT/EP2021/052149 patent/WO2021152118A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-01-29 EP EP21701553.6A patent/EP4097650A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3106908B1 (fr) | 2023-04-21 |
| WO2021152118A1 (fr) | 2021-08-05 |
| FR3106908A1 (fr) | 2021-08-06 |
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