EP4092203A1 - Risk management system and risk sensor unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a hazard management system (10) for a construction site, in particular a building construction site, civil engineering construction site and/or a component prefabrication. It comprises a hazard sensor unit (14, 100), a control unit (18) and construction equipment (20, 21), the hazard sensor unit (14, 100) being set up to determine at least one hazard measured value of the construction site for at least one hazard, the control unit (18) is set up to evaluate the danger measurement value, and wherein the control unit (18) is set up to control the construction device (20, 21), in particular to switch the construction device (20, 21) on and off and/or to set a working parameter, and/ or to give a user of the danger management system a control signal for controlling the construction device (20, 21). The invention also relates to a hazard sensor unit (14, 100). The invention enables hazards on construction sites to be monitored and automatically enables construction workers to be efficiently protected.

Description

The invention relates to a hazard management system for a construction site and a hazard sensor unit.

On construction sites, construction equipment is used to carry out construction work by construction workers. The construction workers using the construction equipment, generally people located on the respective construction site, are exposed to different dangers. For example, some construction equipment generates dust due to their specific degradation processes. For example, exposure to dust can cause adverse health effects for construction workers, depending on its chemical composition, quantity and particle size distribution, and the duration of exposure. For this reason, limit values for these hazards, for example dust limit values, often have to be observed on construction sites in order to protect the construction workers.

Usually, the dust emission from construction equipment is measured under laboratory conditions, especially isolated, and then evaluated against applicable limit values. In practice, however, the construction workers are not only exposed to the dust caused by the respective construction equipment, but also to dusts caused, for example, by other construction equipment also being used on the construction site. In addition, different local boundary conditions can influence the local dust concentration. Such boundary conditions result, for example, from the local ventilation situation, from wind speeds, from moisture, turbulence from construction site vehicles or the like.

Solutions are therefore desirable that allow the construction workers present on a construction site to be exposed to dust and, based on this, suitable protective measures to protect the construction workers. Dust is just one example of the possible hazards that construction workers may be exposed to.

The object of the present invention is therefore to offer devices with which dangers on a construction site can be detected and protective measures can be taken for people on the construction site.

The object is achieved by a hazard management system for a construction site, in particular a high-rise construction site, a civil engineering construction site and/or component prefabrication, comprising a hazard sensor unit, a control unit and construction equipment, the hazard sensor unit being set up to measure at least one hazard value of the construction site for at least one hazard to determine, wherein the control unit is set up to evaluate the hazard measured value, and wherein the control unit is set up to control the construction equipment, for example switching the construction equipment on and off and/or setting a working parameter, in particular its work output, and/or a user of the hazard management system to give a control signal to control the construction equipment.

The invention is therefore based on the idea of using the hazard sensor unit to detect at least one hazard on the construction site using the hazard measured value. The control unit can then evaluate the danger measurement value. For example, it can derive a hazard rating from the hazard reading.

Within the meaning of the invention, a construction site can include any location where people are exposed to danger from construction work. In particular, a construction site can also be understood to mean a component prefabrication where a component, for example a prefabricated component, for example a ceiling, floor or wall element of a building, is prefabricated. Even with such a component prefabrication, people can be exposed to typical dangers such as dust for construction work.

Construction equipment can generally be understood to mean devices, tools and the like that are used on a construction site. In particular, construction equipment can be understood to mean electrically operated devices, for example electric hand-held power tools, construction robots, dedusters, air washers, suction devices or the like.

The control unit can be set up to control the construction device depending on the risk assessment, in particular to switch the construction device on and off and/or to set the working parameters. The work parameter can in particular be a work output of the construction equipment.

It can be set up to control the construction equipment directly.

Alternatively or additionally, the control unit can be set up to give the user of the hazard management system the control signal for controlling the construction device. It can thus be set up for indirect control of the construction equipment. For example, the control signal can be output on an output unit of the construction device. The control signal can be, for example, a visual signal, for example a light source lighting up and/or a characteristic visual signal shown on a display unit, and/or an acoustic signal, for example a warning tone. The control signal can be output on the control unit and/or in general on an element of the hazard management system, for example the construction equipment, on a smartphone, a wearable, a headset, a helmet or the like. The control signal can be designed to recommend that the user control the construction device. If, for example, the construction equipment is an air cleaning device, the control signal can be designed in such a way that the user is prompted to control the air cleaning device when the control signal occurs, in particular when the air quality is acutely poor, for example to switch it on and/or to regulate its work output.

The control unit can thus also be set up to output the measured hazard value and/or the hazard assessment to an output unit of the hazard management system in order to signal the measured hazard value and/or the hazard assessment to a user of the hazard management system.

The object is also achieved by a hazard management system for a construction site , comprising at least one hazard sensor unit, a control unit and an output unit, the hazard sensor unit being set up to determine at least one hazard measurement value of the construction site for at least one hazard, the control unit being set up to evaluate the hazard measurement value , and wherein the control unit is set up to output the measured risk value and/or a risk assessment derived from the measured risk value to the output unit.

The improvements mentioned below are conceivable for both solutions.

The output unit can be designed for optical and/or acoustic output of data and/or signals. In particular, the output unit can be set up to output a warning signal, in particular an acoustic and/or a visual warning signal. The display unit can include a display. Alternatively or additionally, the display unit can also be designed as a virtual display unit, for example in the form of a website displaying data and/or signals. The display unit can be set up to display a number of measured risk values and/or a number of risk assessments at the same time. For example, several hazard measurement values can be recorded and displayed on the display unit by hazard sensor units located at different positions on the construction site. The display unit can be set up to display a heat map of the data received. It is thus possible to represent the danger measurement values obtained in connection with the respective position of the measurement. The display unit can be part of the hazard sensor unit, part of a headset, part of a helmet and/or part of a wearable, part of a smartphone and/or the like.

A user of the hazard management system can be informed about the hazard measured value and/or the hazard assessment via the display unit. If necessary, he can then promptly initiate protective measures to protect the people on the construction site.

It is also conceivable that the control unit is at least partially integrated into the hazard sensor unit. Alternatively or additionally, at least part of the control unit can also be designed independently of the hazard sensor unit. The control unit can be designed as a computer unit or have at least one computer unit. The computing unit can be cloud-based. It is also conceivable that only part of the computer unit is cloud-based. The control unit can preferably include a database system, in particular a cloud-based database system.

The computer unit can have a microcontroller. To control the computer unit, an executable program code can be stored on the computer unit. The program code and/or a hardware component of the computer unit can have and/or form a machine learning unit. The machine learning unit can implement a neural network. It is conceivable that the risk assessment is determined from the measured risk value by means of a previously trained support vector machine. To train the machine learning unit, the training data can be synthetic for one or more sentences produced hazard measurements in connection with associated hazard assessments, for example corresponding to standard specifications. Alternatively or additionally, the training data records can also be formed by measured risk values measured on real construction sites, with a risk assessment by an expert being added to a measured risk value.

If at least part of the control unit is cloud-based, its reliability can be increased. It is also conceivable, particularly if the control unit is at least partially cloud-based, for the control unit to be part of a number of different hazard management systems, for example hazard management systems that monitor different construction sites.

It goes without saying that more than one hazard sensor unit and/or more than one piece of construction equipment and/or more than one control unit and/or more than one display unit can be integrated into the hazard management system. It is also preferred if the hazard management system has a modular structure. It is conceivable that the hazard management system has one or more hazard sensor units. In particular, it is conceivable that the hazard management system includes one or more control units and/or one or more construction devices.

To connect the elements of the hazard management system to one another, the hazard management system can have a data network. The data network may include and/or be a wireless network. The wireless network can be designed according to at least one of the standards commonly known as WLAN, "BLE" or "ZigBee". In particular, it is conceivable that the data network is an IoT (Internet of Things) network or is at least part of such an IoT network. The data network can have at least one gateway for data exchange with other devices.

At least one element of the hazard management system, in particular the hazard sensor unit, the control unit, the display unit or the construction equipment, can preferably have a data interface, for example a WLAN, a BLE or a ZigBee interface, for connection to the data network.

The hazard can be a property that prevails on the construction site, which at least with certain characteristics or within the range of certain characteristics for a person on the construction site person or an object on the construction site can have an unfavorable effect. In particular, the hazard can be temperature, humidity, pressure, radiation, in particular infrared, ultraviolet or even shorter-wave electromagnetic radiation, for example X-rays or gamma radiation. It is also conceivable that the hazard relates to air quality. For example, it can correspond to a concentration of a substance in the ambient air. For example, it can correspond to a concentration of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide or another gas or other solid. It can also affect one or more types of radioactivity.

In a particularly preferred class of hazard management system, the hazard may be dust related. For this purpose, the hazard measured value can be a dust-related characteristic value, in particular a silica-related characteristic value.

It goes without saying that the hazard management system can be set up to take into account one or more hazards, in particular one or more different hazards. For this purpose, the hazard management system can be set up, in particular by means of one or more hazard sensor units, to determine one or more hazard measured values of the construction site for the one or more hazards. Analogously, the control unit can be set up to evaluate one or more measured risk values. The control unit can be set up to determine one or more risk assessments from the one or more risk measurement values.

The hazard management system can be set up to monitor the construction site. In particular, the hazard management system can be set up to monitor the construction site for the presence of one or more hazardous situations. As long as no hazardous situation is present or at least no hazardous situation is detected, the hazard management system can leave construction work taking place on the construction site unaffected.

The hazard management system can also be set up to control the construction equipment when the hazard measured value exceeds a first limit value, ie in particular when the hazard management system detects the presence of a hazardous situation. The control unit can also be set up to control the construction device contrary to the first controller when, in particular subsequently, the danger measured value falls below a second limit value. For example, the control unit can be set up at Turn on the construction equipment when the first limit value is exceeded and turn off the construction equipment when the second limit value is not reached. The control unit can thus be set up by the first and the second limit value to control the construction device with a hysteresis. However, it is also conceivable that the first and the second limit value are the same.

The first and/or the second limit value can be stored in the control unit. For this purpose, the control unit can have one or more storage units for storing the first and/or the second limit value. The first and/or the second limit value can be variable. In particular, they can be changed by a user of the hazard management system. Several, in particular different, first and/or second limit values can be provided for different hazard sensor units and/or different control units.

The construction device can be a suction device, a blower device and/or a filter device or can at least include such a device. This is particularly beneficial when the hazard is related to air quality. If the hazard corresponds, for example, to a dust concentration, in particular a silica concentration, in the ambient air or in the air inhaled by the person, the suction device and/or the filter device can clean the corresponding air so that the person can enjoy improved air quality. Alternatively or in addition, the blower can blow air that is not harmful to health into the area surrounding the person in order to improve the air quality.

The construction equipment can also be or include a working device for carrying out construction work. For example, the construction equipment can be a mobile construction machine, for example a construction robot, or a hand-held power tool, in particular for structural engineering work, civil engineering work and/or for component prefabrication, or can include such a construction robot or such a hand-held power tool. The mobile construction machine can be operated remotely. The construction equipment can be set up in particular for use in concrete construction work. It can be a drill, a hammer drill, a writing instrument, a saw, a chisel or the like and/or include such a machine. If the use of such a construction device increases the risk, for example if dust is released when working with the construction device, the control unit can be set up to throttle the performance of the construction device and/or to completely deactivate the construction device. The deactivation can either be temporary and/or last for a longer period of time, for example 15 minutes or 1 hour.

If a hazard management system is used on a construction site, it is essential that the hazard management system can also identify existing hazards as quickly as possible. It is conceivable that the hazard management system, in particular the control unit, is set up to determine a malfunction and/or an operating state of an element of the hazard management system, in particular the hazard sensor unit and/or the construction device, depending on the measured hazard value. This is based on the idea that the hazard measured value can represent both information about the hazard, for example a current dust concentration, and/or information about the functionality or a defect of an element of the hazard management system. It is thus conceivable that the control unit detects a malfunction of the hazard sensor unit if the hazard measured value obtained assumes a value within a value range that is technically not achievable or at least very unlikely to be achievable over a specific minimum period of time. Alternatively or additionally, such a malfunction can also be detectable by the control unit if the control unit does not receive any measured risk value from the risk sensor unit for a specific period of time. The control unit can also be set up to detect a need for maintenance of at least one element, for example a due battery change for a hazard sensor unit, and/or to ensure compliance with at least one maintenance interval.

The control unit can be set up to control the construction device, in particular to switch it off, upon detection of a malfunction and/or detection of a failure of an element. It is also conceivable that the control unit is set up for this case to send a warning signal to the user of the hazard management system, for example to output it via the output unit.

The hazard sensor unit and/or the control unit can be set up to record the hazard measured value using one or more evaluation modes. For example, a dust-related parameter can be in the form of a long-term or short-term measured value. The long-term measured value can be a measured value averaged over 1 to 24 hours, for example 8 hours. The short-term measured value can be a measured value averaged over 1 to 60 minutes, for example 15 minutes.

The hazard management system, in particular the control unit, can also be set up to plan at least one deployment of at least one person on the construction site or to control. For example, if it is detected that the person has been exposed to too much dust, the control unit can be set up to assign the work assigned to the person concerned to another person who is not currently overexposed.

The control unit can also be designed to document at least one recorded hazard measurement value and/or at least one hazard assessment. For this purpose, it can be set up to store the measured risk value and/or the risk assessment on a data carrier.

Construction equipment for a hazard management system according to the invention also falls within the scope of the invention. The construction equipment can, for example, be a working device, for example a construction robot or a hand-held power tool, in particular for a building construction site and/or a civil engineering construction site. The construction equipment can be or at least include a hammer drill, a chisel machine or the like. The construction device can also be or include a filter device, for example an air washer, a suction device, a blower device or, in general, a controllable protective device, for example an electrically controllable dust helmet.

The construction device can particularly preferably be set up so that it can be controlled by the control unit of the hazard management system. In particular, the construction device can be set up to be controllable in terms of its work output and/or to be able to be switched on and/or switched off by the control unit. For this purpose, the construction device can have a data interface, in particular a wireless data interface.

A hazard sensor unit for use on a construction site also falls within the scope of the invention, the hazard sensor unit being set up to determine at least one hazard measured value of the construction site for at least one hazard. The hazard sensor unit can be set up for use in the hazard management system according to the invention.

The detected hazard and thus the hazard measured value as well as the first and/or the second limit value can correspond to a particle concentration, a particle composition, in particular a chemical particle composition, a particle size or the like.

The hazard sensor unit can also be set up to detect particles of specific sizes. In the case of dust, it has been shown that the particle size influences whether and how the human body absorbs the particles. The particle size can thus help determine the hazard potential of dust. In particular, the hazard sensor unit can be set up to detect particle sizes of at most 10 μm in diameter, preferably of at most 2.5 μm in diameter, with the hazard measured value. Alternatively or additionally, particle sizes of at most 4 μm, in particular at most 1 μm or also at most 0.5 μm, in diameter can be and/or can be detected with the hazard measurement value.

Particularly preferably, the hazard sensor unit can be portable or at least mobile. The hazard sensor unit can thus be transported to different locations and used at these locations. For example, the hazard sensor unit can be set up to be arranged on a person on the construction site. The hazard sensor unit can also be set up to be arranged at one or more locations on the construction site. For example, the hazard sensor unit can be set up to be arranged on a wall, a ceiling, a floor and/or another element of the construction site.

The severity of the danger can vary locally. In particular, the nature of the hazard can depend on whether the hazard is detected close to the person or at a distance from the person. The danger measurement value can thus depend on whether, for example in the case of monitoring dust, the danger sensor unit is arranged close to the body, in particular the head, of the person or it is located at a location remote from the person on the construction site.

Accordingly, it is particularly advantageous if the hazard sensor unit is set up to detect a type of use of the hazard sensor unit, in particular a spatial and/or personal use of the hazard sensor unit. For this purpose, the hazard sensor unit can have a usage type detector. The hazard sensor unit can thus automatically determine the type of use. An input by the person on the construction site or generally by a user of the hazard management system, for example using an operating element such as a switch, is therefore not necessary. Incorrect operation of the hazard sensor unit can thus be avoided. In particular, it can also be detected whether the hazard sensor unit personal is in use by the person, for example by detecting that the hazard sensor unit is being worn or that the hazard sensor unit is taken off and insofar as a spatial measurement is carried out, for example by detecting that the hazard sensor unit is at rest.

The usage type can include different modes. For example, a usage mode can correspond to non-use of the hazard sensor unit, usage when it is arranged on the person's body, or usage at a fixed location on the construction site that is remote from the person.

The usage type detector can be set up to detect accelerations of the hazard sensor unit. For this purpose, the hazard sensor unit can have an acceleration sensor.

Due to particular potential for damage, it is particularly advantageous if the hazard sensor unit is set up to detect dust, in particular respirable dust, silica-based and/or wood-based dust, as a hazard. In addition, the hazard reading can relate to a dust, in particular a silica-based dust. Alternatively or additionally, the hazard sensor unit can also be set up to detect a harmful gas, for example carbon monoxide, as a hazard.

The hazard measured value can determine at least one particle concentration, one particle size, one particle distribution and/or one chemical particle composition. Such particle parameters can be determined particularly easily if the hazard sensor unit has an optical sensor unit for determining the hazard measured value. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that the hazard sensor unit has a sensor unit that works gravimetrically, acoustically, inductively and/or capacitively, for example by resonant detuning of an oscillating circuit, electrically, for example based on a conductivity measurement, or mechanically, for example by evaluating mechanical pulses. The sensor unit, in particular the optical sensor unit, can be placed in a housing of the hazard sensor unit. This improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the measured hazard value.

In a particularly preferred class of hazard sensor units, the hazard sensor unit has a position detector for detecting the position of the Hazard sensor unit, in particular their sensor unit on. The position detector can be based on a satellite-based position measurement system, for example GPS or Glonass or the like, and/or on a radio network-based position detection system, for example based on WLAN or 5G, or the like.

It is also conceivable that the position detector has at least one time-of-flight sensor and/or an accelerometer, in particular a 3D accelerometer and preferably with an integration unit.

A position can also be assigned to the hazard measured value by the position detector. This facilitates a later, spatially resolved evaluation of determined hazard measurements. In this way, the control unit can generate position and/or personal warning signals. It can also control one or more construction machines on the construction site based on position and/or person-related. For example, the control unit can be set up, in an area of the construction site with a high level of danger, hazard-increasing, e.g. B. to deactivate dust-producing construction equipment and to release and/or activate such construction equipment for use in areas with a low risk exposure.

The control unit can also be set up to relocate one or more construction devices locally depending on the danger measurement values received. For example, the control unit can be set up to cause a mobile air washer to travel to an area with a high dust concentration and to clean the ambient air there.

The hazard sensor unit can have a fastening device for detachable fastening, in particular to a person, to construction equipment and/or to an element of the construction site, for example a wall and/or a ceiling. The hazard sensor unit can, for example, have a fastening device in the form of a retaining clip, so that it can be easily arranged on a piece of clothing of the person on the construction site.

The fastening device can also be or at least comprise a strap, for example a bracelet, or the like, so that the hazard sensor unit can also be fastened to a part of the person's body. For example, the hazard sensor unit in the hip area, for example on a hip belt, in the chest area, for example in a breast pocket, or in the head area, for example on a protective helmet, of the person can be arranged and/or be arranged.

It is also conceivable that the hazard sensor unit can be arranged on the construction equipment, for example the electric tool, a mobile and/or static dust extractor, a mobile and/or static air washer, a tripod and/or a dust helmet. The hazard sensor unit can then detect the nature of the hazard in the immediate vicinity in each case. For example, when mounted on the power tool, the hazard sensor unit can detect its dust production.

The hazard sensor unit can have an output unit, in particular a mechanical, for example a vibration-generating, an acoustic and/or an optical output unit. If the hazard sensor unit is therefore in the vicinity of the person, for example if it is carried by the person, then the person can be informed and/or warned immediately of excessive exposure to a hazard, for example excessive exposure to dust.

In order to be able to remain operational over the long term even under adverse conditions, the hazard sensor unit can at least be designed to be splash-proof, preferably waterproof. The hazard sensor unit may conform to at least one standard commonly known as IP X4, for example IP 44 or IP 45. For this purpose, the hazard sensor unit can have a housing. The housing may be water resistant to 50m, preferably at least 100m, water depth equivalent. Furthermore, the hazard sensor unit can be designed to be dust-tight or at least essentially dust-tight, in particular with the exception of a sensor contact area that comes into contact with the hazard to be detected, for example dust, for detection.

The hazard sensor unit can have one or more operating elements. The hazard sensor unit can also have one or more display elements, for example an LED and/or a display unit.

In order to make it easier for the person to use the hazard sensor unit, it is particularly advantageous if the hazard sensor unit can be operated with a glove, in particular a construction glove. The construction glove can be a leather glove, for example. So that the hazard sensor unit can be operated in this way, the size, position of at least one of the controls and/or at least one of the display elements can Hazard sensor unit to be adjusted accordingly. In order to avoid operating errors, the control element or elements and/or the display element or elements can be arranged in one or more recesses and/or arranged in such a way that they do not protrude or at least do not protrude substantially from the parts of the hazard sensor unit surrounding them.

The hazard rating may also depend on an ambient temperature. It is therefore advantageous if the hazard sensor unit has a temperature sensor for detecting an ambient temperature.

In order to enable the person to carry the hazard sensor unit comfortably, the hazard sensor unit should be as light as possible. A hazard sensor unit is therefore particularly preferred if it weighs at most 100 g, particularly preferably at most 50 g.

The hazard sensor unit should have a sensitivity that allows for a reliable risk assessment, for example with regard to applicable standard specifications, of the measured hazard value. The hazard sensor unit should preferably measure at least one power of ten more precisely than a maximum permissible value in accordance with the standard specification.

The scope of the invention also includes use of a hazard management system according to the invention on a construction site, in particular a building construction site and/or a civil engineering construction site.

In particular, it can be used in such a way that, in response to a detected hazardous event on the construction site, at least one piece of construction equipment located on the construction site, in particular a suction device, a blower device, a filter device, a mobile, preferably portable and/or self-propelled machine tool, is switched on, switched off and / or is regulated in its performance. For this purpose, the hazardous event can be a detection that a first limit value is exceeded, for example a limit value of a maximum permissible dust concentration, in particular a maximum permissible silica concentration. The machine tool can be, for example, a hammer drill, a chiseling machine, a grinding machine, a sawing machine or the like.

Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, using the figures of the drawing details essential to the invention shows, as well as from the claims. The features shown there are not necessarily to be understood to scale and are presented in such a way that the special features according to the invention can be made clearly visible. The various features can each be implemented individually or in groups in any combination in variants of the invention.

In the schematic drawing, exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown and explained in more detail in the following description.

Show it:

1

a hazard management system in schematic representation;

2

perspective oblique views of a hazard sensor unit and

3

a block diagram of a hazard sensor unit.

In the following description of the figures, the same reference symbols are used in each case for identical or functionally corresponding elements in order to facilitate understanding of the invention.

1 1 shows a hazard management system 10 for monitoring hazards to which construction workers 12 are exposed. In particular, the hazard management system 10 is designed to monitor dust concentrations.

The construction workers 12 carry out construction work locally, for example grinding work on walls and/or ceilings of the construction site. The construction workers 12 are exposed to increased dust concentrations as a result of the grinding work.

Danger sensor units 14 are arranged approximately at chest height of the construction workers 12 .

As will be explained in more detail further below, these hazard sensor units 14 are set up to detect dust concentrations as they prevail in the immediate vicinity of the respective construction worker 12 .

The hazard sensor units 14 are integrated into the hazard management system 10 via a data network 16 .

In particular, data can be exchanged via the data network 16 with a control unit 18 of the hazard management system 10 . In particular, hazard measurement values determined by the hazard sensor units 14 can be transmitted to the control unit 18 .

The hazard measurement values can include, for example, a particle concentration, a particle type, a point in time and/or a duration of the detection of the respective hazard measurement value. In particular, they describe the dusts detected by the hazard sensor units 14 . In particular, they allow the concentration of silica particles and their mean particle sizes to be recorded.

Furthermore, position data on the positions of the hazard sensor units 14 and data on the respective types of use of the hazard sensor units 14 are transmitted to the control unit 18 via the data network 16 .

The control unit 18 is set up to evaluate the data received and to evaluate them with regard to existing hazard standards. The hazard standards to be taken into account are stored in a memory unit of the control unit 18 in the form of first and second limit values.

Furthermore, construction devices 20 and 21 are connected to the data network 16 and can be controlled by the control unit 18 . The construction equipment 20 is set up to reduce exposure to dust during operation. For example, it can be building vacuum cleaners, air washers or the like. The construction equipment 21, on the other hand, can increase exposure to dust during operation. For example, it can be a hammer drill, a sawing machine or a chiselling machine. The construction devices 20, 21 are also connected to the data network 16. They have corresponding data interfaces for this purpose.

Furthermore, a portable output unit 19 in the form of a smartphone with an image display unit is connected to the data network 16 . In addition, a gateway 22 is provided, which establishes a data connection between the data network 16 and other networks and/or devices (each in 1 not shown) can produce. The other networks can, for example, follow a different standard, in particular a different radio standard, than data network 16.

The hazard sensor units 14, the gateway 22 and/or the control unit 18 can be set up to enrich the hazard measured values with further data. For example, they can be set up to add position data, temperature data, time stamp data or the like to one or more hazard measurements.

A special feature of the hazard management system 10 shown here is that the control unit 18 is implemented in several components. In particular, part of the control unit 18 is implemented as a cloud-based, remote computing unit 24 . The computer unit 24 has a further output unit 26, which also has an image output unit. A user 28, for example a user monitoring the hazard management system 10 and thus the construction site, can remotely monitor hazards to which the construction workers 12 are exposed via this remote computer unit 24 and the display unit 26.

It is conceivable that the remote computer unit 24 can be connected in an analogous manner to other hazard management systems, for example other construction sites (in 1 not shown) connected for monitoring. The user 28 can thus gain an overview of the dangers prevailing on several construction sites. Protective measures can thus be defined and/or taken across construction sites.

For support, the control unit 18 is set up in particular to display a heat map of the risk measurement values determined as a function of the position on at least one of the output units 19, 26 and in particular upon request by the user 28.

The control unit 18 is also set up to emit an acoustic warning signal, for example on a hazard sensor unit 14 corresponding to the respective position, if a first limit value of a measured hazard value is exceeded, and thus to warn the construction worker 12 in question. In addition, in this case, construction equipment 20 located in the vicinity of the respective position is activated by the control unit 18, in particular automatically, in order to reduce the risk, in this example an excessive amount of dust. If the activation of the construction equipment 20 does not lead to a sufficient reduction in risk within a predefined time, the control unit 18 is also set up to notify the relevant construction worker 12 accordingly via his hazard sensor unit and to deactivate construction equipment 21 located in the vicinity of the position or of the relevant construction worker 12, until the respective danger measurement falls below a second limit value.

The hazard management system 10 thus enables the hazards existing on the monitored construction site or construction sites to be detected in real time or at least essentially in real time.

Furthermore, the control unit 18 is set up to monitor the detected types of use of the respective hazard sensor units 14 . If a hazard sensor unit 14, which would have to be carried by one of the construction workers 12, is detected to be stationary, the control unit 18 again emits a warning signal. Analogously, a warning signal can also be output if carrying is detected, although the hazard sensor unit 14 should measure spatially and resting would therefore have to be detected.

For documentation purposes, the control unit 18, in particular its cloud-based part, is set up to store time series of recorded hazard measurement values including the associated position data and the associated types of use of the respective hazard sensor units 14 in the database system of the computer unit 24 in a retrievable manner. Appropriate hazard reports can be generated by the control unit 18 upon request.

2 shows a hazard sensor unit 100 in two perspective oblique views, in particular obliquely from the front ( 2 left) and from diagonally behind ( 2 to the right). Unless otherwise described, the hazard sensor units 14 described above correspond, in particular functionally, to the hazard sensor unit 100.

A fastening device 104 in the form of a retaining clip is arranged on a rear side of its housing 102 . The fastening device 104 serves to fasten the hazard sensor unit 100 to a piece of clothing of a construction worker 12 (see FIG 1 ).

On a front side of the housing 102 there are two display elements 106, each of which is in the form of an LED. The display elements 106 can be used to display what type of hazard measured value is recorded, in particular whether a long-term measured value or a short-term measured value is recorded.

An operating element 110 is located in a recessed lateral area 108. This is used for manually switching the hazard sensor unit 100 on and off and for manually entering device settings. Further, in the recessed lateral Area 108 a USB port 112 is formed. Because the lateral area 108 is set back relative to the surrounding housing 102, operating errors, in particular of the operating element 110, are avoided. The dimensions of the operating element 110 and of the recessed lateral area 108 are adapted to operation using a standard construction glove.

The hazard sensor unit 100 is set up for dust detection and for measuring dust concentrations and for detecting particle types, in particular for detecting silica particle concentrations. For this purpose, air inlet openings 114 are formed on the underside of the housing 102, through which ambient air can enter the housing 102 up to a dust sensor unit located inside the hazard sensor unit.

The hazard sensor unit 100 is designed as a portable device. It has a width of less than 20 cm, in particular approx. 10 cm, a height of less than 20 cm, in particular approx. 7 cm, and a thickness of less than 5 cm, in particular approx. 3 cm. Their weight is less than 500g, especially 50g.

In one embodiment, the hazard sensor unit 100 additionally has an optical output unit in the form of a display unit (in 2 not shown) on. This can be arranged on the front side of the housing 102, for example.

3 shows a block diagram of various functional components of the hazard sensor unit 100.

The hazard sensor unit 100 has a microcontroller unit 116 in which a program code for analyzing received measurement data is stored in an executable manner.

The previously mentioned dust sensor unit 118 is connected to the microcontroller unit 116. This is designed as an optical sensor for detecting dust concentrations, in particular for measuring silica-related dust concentrations. The dust sensor unit 118 is connected to the in 2 mentioned air inlet openings 114 connected.

The hazard sensor unit 100 also has an acceleration sensor 120 . From the acceleration measurement data obtained from this, the microcontroller unit 116 determines in In connection with its program code, a respective existing type of use of the hazard sensor unit 100 runs continuously. Wearing is recognized in that characteristic patterns of acceleration data are detected by acceleration sensor 120, whereas no or at least essentially no such patterns of acceleration data are recorded during rest. A spatial use can be assigned to resting. A machine learning algorithm is implemented in the program code to select and detect the characteristic pattern.

Furthermore, the hazard sensor unit 100 has a temperature sensor 122 . This is used to detect an ambient temperature that prevails in the immediate vicinity of hazard sensor unit 100 .

The hazard sensor unit 100 also has a position detector 124 to detect its position. Depending on the type and size of the construction sites on which the hazard sensor unit 100 is to be used, the position detector 124 can be satellite-based and/or work on the basis of radio locating. It is also conceivable that acceleration data from acceleration sensor 120 are used as an alternative or in addition to position determination.

It is conceivable that the hazard sensor unit 100 has further sensors, for example in order to detect several types of hazard in parallel.

An external storage unit 126 is used for long-term storage of the determined data.

The hazard sensor unit 100 also has a number of data interfaces. In particular, it has a USB interface 128 via which, among other things, a data transfer of obtained risk measurement values, determined types of use, position data and/or analysis results as well as charging a power supply 130 is possible.

Furthermore, the hazard sensor unit 100 has an acoustic output unit 132 in the form of a loudspeaker. This enables an immediate output of warning signals or the like to a user of the hazard sensor unit 100. Instead of or in addition to this, an output unit comprising a vibration generator can also be provided.

In the alternative mentioned above, the optical output unit 134 is also provided in the form of a display unit. The output unit 134 can be used to visually present the user of the hazard sensor unit 100 with information, for example measured hazard values. An optical warning signal can also be displayed on the optical output unit 122, for example in the event of excessive exposure to dust.

Furthermore, the hazard sensor unit 100 has a radio data interface 136 for communication with the data network 16 ( 1 ) on. The radio data interface 136 preferably follows the same standard as the data network 16. This data, for example the data also mentioned in relation to the USB interface 128, can thus be wirelessly transmitted to further elements or from further elements of the hazard management system 10 ( 1 ) transferrable.

Furthermore shows 3 the operating element 110 and the display elements 106. The hazard sensor unit 100 also has support components 138, for example a quartz oscillator.

reference list

10

hazard management system

12

construction worker

14

Hazard Sensor Unit

16

data network

18

control unit

19

output unit

20

construction equipment

21

construction equipment

22

Gateway

24

computing unit

26

output unit

28

user

100

Hazard Sensor Unit

102

Housing

104

fastening device

106

display element

108

area

110

control element

112

connection

114

air inlet openings

116

microcontroller unit

118

sensor unit

120

accelerometer

122

temperature sensor

124

position detector

126

storage unit

128

interface

130

power supply

132

output unit

134

output unit

136

radio data interface

138

support component

Claims (16)

Danger management system (10) for a construction site, in particular a building construction site, a civil engineering construction site and/or a component prefabrication, comprising - a hazard sensor unit (14, 100), - a control unit (18) and - a construction device (20, 21), wherein the hazard sensor unit (14, 100) is set up to determine at least one measured hazard value of the construction site for at least one hazard, - wherein the control unit (18) is set up to evaluate the danger measurement value, and wherein the control unit (18) is set up to control the construction equipment (20, 21), for example switching the construction equipment (20, 21) on and off and/or a working parameter , in particular to adjust his work output, and/or to give a user of the hazard management system a control signal for controlling the construction device (20, 21). Hazard management system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the control unit (18) is set up to control the construction equipment (20, 21) when the hazard measured value exceeds a first limit value. Hazard management system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the construction equipment (20, 21) is a suction device, a blower device and/or a filter device or at least includes such a device. Hazard management system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the construction equipment (20, 21) is a mobile construction machine, for example a construction robot, or a handheld power tool, in particular for building construction work, for civil engineering work and/or for component prefabrication, or such a mobile construction machine or includes such a hand tool. Hazard management system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hazard measured value is a dust-related parameter, in particular a parameter relating to an alveolar dust, to a silica-based and/or to a wood-based dust. Hazard management system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hazard management system (10), in particular the control unit (18), is set up, depending on the hazard measured value, a malfunction and / or an operating state of an element of the hazard management system (10), in particular the hazard sensor unit (14, 100) and/or the construction equipment (20, 21). Hazard management system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control unit (18) comprises at least one cloud-based computer unit (24). Hazard sensor unit (14, 100) for use on a construction site, the hazard sensor unit (14, 100) being set up to determine at least one hazard measured value of the construction site for at least one hazard,
and wherein the hazard sensor unit (14, 100) is set up to detect a type of use of the hazard sensor unit (14, 100), in particular a spatial and/or personal use of the hazard sensor unit (14, 100). Hazard sensor unit according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the hazard sensor unit (14, 100) has an acceleration sensor (120), wherein the hazard sensor unit (14, 100) is preferably set up to determine the type of use using the acceleration sensor (120). Hazard sensor unit according to one of Claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the hazard sensor unit (14, 100) is set up to detect a dust, in particular an alveolar dust, a silica-based and/or a wood-based dust, as a hazard . Hazard sensor unit according to one of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the hazard sensor unit (14, 100) is set up to determine at least one particle concentration, one particle size, one particle distribution or one chemical particle composition as the hazard measured value. Hazard sensor unit according to one of Claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the hazard sensor unit (14, 100) has an optical sensor unit (118) for determining the hazard measured value. Hazard sensor unit according to one of Claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the hazard sensor unit (14, 100) has a position detector (124) for detecting the position of the hazard sensor unit (14, 100), in particular its sensor unit (118). Hazard sensor unit according to one of Claims 8 to 13, characterized in that the hazard sensor unit (14, 100) has a fastening device (104) for detachable fastening, in particular to a person, to construction equipment (20, 21) and/or to an element of the construction site , for example a wall or a ceiling. Hazard sensor unit according to one of Claims 8 to 14, characterized in that the hazard sensor unit (14, 100) is at least splash-proof, preferably waterproof. Hazard sensor unit according to one of Claims 8 to 15, characterized in that the hazard sensor unit (14, 100) can be operated with a glove, in particular a construction glove.

Images