EP4088005A1 - Dispositif pour le désengagement de turbine en survitesse de turbomachine - Google Patents
Dispositif pour le désengagement de turbine en survitesse de turbomachineInfo
- Publication number
- EP4088005A1 EP4088005A1 EP21705582.1A EP21705582A EP4088005A1 EP 4088005 A1 EP4088005 A1 EP 4088005A1 EP 21705582 A EP21705582 A EP 21705582A EP 4088005 A1 EP4088005 A1 EP 4088005A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tenons
- rotor disc
- turbine
- shaft
- longitudinal axis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/026—Shaft to shaft connections
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/04—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to undesired position of rotor relative to stator or to breaking-off of a part of the rotor, e.g. indicating such position
- F01D21/045—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to undesired position of rotor relative to stator or to breaking-off of a part of the rotor, e.g. indicating such position special arrangements in stators or in rotors dealing with breaking-off of part of rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/025—Fixing blade carrying members on shafts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
- F05D2260/31—Retaining bolts or nuts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
- F05D2260/36—Retaining components in desired mutual position by a form fit connection, e.g. by interlocking
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
- F05D2270/02—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n)
- F05D2270/021—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n) to prevent overspeed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
- F05D2270/09—Purpose of the control system to cope with emergencies
Definitions
- TITLE Device for disengaging a turbine in turbomachine overspeed Technical field of the invention
- the invention relates to an assembly for a turbomachine turbine.
- the invention relates more specifically to an assembly for a turbomachine turbine comprising disengaging the turbine in the event of overspeed.
- a fan In a turbomachine, a fan is driven in rotation by a turbine having a rotor disc provided with movable blades and connected to a low pressure compressor.
- the resistive torque on the turbine In the event of a rupture of a shaft connecting the fan to the turbine, the resistive torque on the turbine is abruptly canceled as the flow of engine gas continues to transmit energy to the rotor disc. This causes an uncontrolled increase in the speed of rotation of the rotor disc (s) and therefore a risk of bursting causing the release of high energy flows.
- the turbine is in this case in "overspeed".
- EP1640564 is known which proposes a device using the downstream displacement of the turbine to limit the overspeed of the turbine.
- the device comprises means for destroying the moving vanes arranged in the downstream stator vanes of the turbine.
- the downstream movement of the rotor disc can be prevented by means for fixing the turbine in translation with respect to its axis of rotation.
- the moving vanes are not damaged by the destruction means.
- Such devices therefore lack efficiency and reliability in limiting overspeed.
- One of the aims of the invention is to ensure the downstream movement of the turbine in the event of the shaft breaking so that an annular row of mobile vanes comes into contact with an annular row of stator vane thus allowing destruction of the annular row of moving vanes by the annular row of stator vanes, braking the turbine.
- Another object of the invention is to limit the overspeed of the turbine in the event of shaft failure in a reliable and efficient manner.
- the invention provides an assembly for a turbomachine turbine with a longitudinal axis comprising:
- the invention is advantageous in that the screwed member has an unscrewing direction identical to the direction of rotation so that the second transmission means cause the screwed member to unscrew when the first torque transmission means stop transmitting the torque. torque from rotor disc to shaft.
- the turbine is no longer retained in the axial direction and can reverse, thus destroying its blades against a stator of the turbomachine. This prevents the turbine from overspeeding, as the destroyed moving vanes no longer supply it with energy.
- the invention therefore provides for limiting the overspeed of the turbine reliably and effectively in the event of loss of power transmission from the shaft to the rotor disc.
- the first torque transmission means may comprise first longitudinal splines formed on the shaft and distributed circumferentially around the longitudinal axis and second longitudinal splines engaged with the first splines and formed in an annular face. internal rotor disc.
- the first torque transmission means may stop transmitting torque from the rotor disc to the shaft if the first and / or second splines break or deteriorate.
- the second torque transmission means may comprise a ring centered on the longitudinal axis and comprising first tenons cooperating with housings formed in the screwed member and second tenons cooperating with housings formed in the rotor disc.
- the first tenons make it possible to drive the screwed member in rotation when the ring is driven in rotation by the rotor disc through the second tenons, for example when the first torque transmission means stop transmitting the torque from the rotor disc to the tree.
- the circumferential clearance between the first splines and the second splines may be less than the sum of the circumferential clearance between the second tenons and the rotor disc and the circumferential clearance between the first tenons and the screwed member.
- the transmission of the rotation of the rotor disc to the shaft is favored and the screwed member is not rotated when the first transmission means are able to transmit the rotation of the rotor disc to the shaft.
- the ring may comprise an annular part, the first tenons extending upstream and the second being arranged downstream of the first tenons.
- at least one of the first tenons and of the second tenons may comprise concave rounded portions for connection to the annular portion. This allows better mechanical strength of the ring.
- the second tenons may extend mainly in the direction of the longitudinal axis.
- the second tenons may extend downstream in the direction of the longitudinal axis.
- the second tenons may extend primarily in a radial direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
- the number of second tenons may be greater than the number of housings of the rotor disc.
- the number of the first tenons may be greater than the number of housings of the screwed member.
- a number of tenons greater than the number of housings facilitates tight fitting of the ring on the one hand with the rotor disc and on the other hand with the screwed member.
- the number of second tenons may be less than the number of first tenons.
- the ring can be mounted in different ways.
- the ring can be mounted around the screw member.
- the ring can be blocked in translation downstream by a stop ring mounted in a groove of the screwed member.
- annular space can be provided immediately downstream of the screwed member.
- the annular space may have a longitudinal dimension greater than or equal to a longitudinal distance between movable vanes connected to the rotor disc and stator vanes immediately downstream of the turbine.
- the turbine can move back a sufficient distance for the stator vanes to come into contact with vanes connected to the rotor disc.
- the shaft can be connected to a low pressure compressor of the turbomachine.
- the invention provides a turbine, such as a low pressure turbine, comprising the aforementioned assembly.
- the turbine may extend around a longitudinal axis, and include a stator and a rotor rotatably mounted in the stator.
- the rotor may include an assembly as mentioned above, the ring being able to be blocked in translation downstream by a stop ring mounted in a groove of the screwed member.
- annular space can be provided immediately downstream of the screwed member, said annular space having a longitudinal dimension greater than or equal to a longitudinal distance between the mobile vanes connected to the rotor disk and stator vanes located immediately downstream of the mobile vanes.
- the invention provides a turbomachine, such as an airplane turbojet, equipped with the aforementioned assembly.
- FIG. 1 shows a partial sectional view of a turbine of a turbomachine.
- FIG. 2 represents a partial view in couple of a first example of the assembly according to the invention.
- Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the first example of the assembly according to the invention.
- FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b respectively show a first example of a ring according to the invention and a second example of a ring according to the invention.
- Figure 5 shows an example of an assembly according to the invention equipped with the ring of Figure 4a.
- Figure 6 shows an example of an assembly according to the invention equipped with the ring of Figure 4b.
- the turbine 10 comprises a plurality of stator blades 24 connected to a fixed casing 20 and a plurality of movable blades 26 connected to a rotor disc 12 rotating about a longitudinal axis of rotation AA .
- Each of the stator vanes 24 is equipped with a domed protrusion 28 facing upstream from an internal platform, this protrusion is shaped to shear the moving vanes 26 as they come into contact with the protrusions.
- the protuberance 28 is curved, presenting a convex surface of the blade 24 facing upstream.
- the rotor disc 12 is arranged to drive a shaft 14 of the turbine 10 in rotation.
- the shaft 14 can be connected to a low pressure compressor of a turbomachine equipped by the turbine 10.
- the rotor disc 12 comprises a part annular arranged around the shaft 14 and comprises on an inner face, that is to say oriented radially inwardly, splines 16 distributed circumferentially around the axis of rotation A- A.
- the splines 16 s' extend over a longitudinal part of the inner face of the rotor disc 12.
- the shaft 14 comprises on its outer face splines 18, distributed circumferentially around the axis of rotation AA, and in engagement with the splines 16 of the rotor disc 12 for the transmission of torque from the latter to the shaft 14.
- the splines 18 extend over a longitudinal part of the shaft 14.
- the rotor disc 12 is held in translation in the direction of the axis of rotation AA by a nut 22 screwed onto the shaft 14 and abutting against a flange 30 of the rotor disc 12.
- the nut 22 is mounted on the. shaft 14 so that its direction of unscrewing is identical to the direction of rotation of the turbine 10.
- a thread is provided in the shaft 14 to ensure such a direction of unscrewing.
- the turbine 10 risks going into uncontrolled overspeed due to the rotating drive of the mobile blades by the hot gases from 'an upstream combustion chamber.
- the protuberances 28, domed stator vanes 24 are arranged to shear and pluck the moving vanes 26 to reduce or even cancel the energy received by the turbine 10.
- These protuberances are formed at the leading edge of the vanes . More particularly, the leading edge of each blade thus comprises a convex surface.
- the turbine comprises a ring 32 configured to unscrew the nut 22 in the event of damage to the shaft 14 thus freeing the rotor disc 12 in translation in the direction of l axis of rotation AA.
- the ring 32 is annular and arranged between the nut 22 and the rotor disc 12.
- the ring 32 comprises first tenons 34, distributed circumferentially around the axis of rotation AA, in engagement with the housings provided in the shaft. 14.
- the ring 32 also comprises second tenons 36, distributed circumferentially around the axis of rotation AA, in engagement with housings provided in the rotor disc 12.
- the ring 32 transmits the rotation of the rotor disc 12 towards the nut 22.
- the nut 22 is unscrewed. by the rotation of the turbine 10 which frees the turbine 10 in translation.
- the turbine 10 moves downstream along the axis of rotation A-A, causing the blades 26 to shear by the protrusions 28 of the downstream stator vanes 24 audited the blades 26.
- the turbine 10 comprises a space downstream of the nut 22 having a length greater than the distance between the protuberances 28 of the stator vanes 24 and the mobile vanes 26.
- the length of said space may be greater than or equal to twice. said distance.
- the circumferential play between the splines 16 of the rotor disc 12 and the splines 18 of the shaft 14 may be less than the sum of the circumferential play between the second tenons 36 and the rotor disc 12 and of the circumferential play between the first tenons 34 and l. 'nut 22.
- annular snap ring 38 is arranged downstream of the ring 32 in a location provided in the nut 22 and protrudes in the radial direction away from the nut 22.
- the snap ring 38 keeps the ring 32 fixed in translation in the direction of the axis of rotation AA.
- Figure 4a and Figure 5 show a first embodiment of a ring 100 which can be installed in the turbine 10 of Figures 1-3.
- the ring 100 comprises an annular portion 102, for example having a radius greater than the outer radius of the nut 22.
- the ring 100 comprises on the one hand first tenons 104 and on the other hand second tenons 106.
- the first tenons. tenons 104 extend upstream in the direction of the axis of rotation AA from the annular portion 102 and engage with housings provided in the nut 22.
- the second tenons 106 extend downstream from the part annular 102 in the direction of the axis of rotation AA and engage with housings provided in the rotor disc 12.
- the number of the first tenons 104 is less than the number of housings of the nut 22 and the number of second tenons 106 is lower than the number of housings of the rotor disc 12.
- the number of housings of the nut 22 can be equal to or greater than twice the number of the first tenons 104.
- the number of housings of the rotor disc 12 can be equal to twice the number of the second tenons 106. In this way Furthermore, the number of the first tenons 104 may be less than the number of the second tenons 106.
- Each of the first tenons 104 has a rounded connection with the annular part 102.
- each of the second tenons 106 has a rounded connection with the annular part. 102.
- the ring 100 also has an annular shoulder 108 carried by the annular part 102 and delimited by the first tenons 10, this shoulder 108 blowing in abutment upstream on an annular shoulder of the nut 22.
- the ring 100 may be made of a material identical to the material of the nut 22 and / or the rotor disc 12.
- Figure 4b and Figure 6 show a second embodiment of a ring 200 which can be installed in the turbine 10 of Figures 1-3.
- the ring 200 comprises an annular portion 202, for example having a radius greater than the external radius of the nut 22.
- the ring 200 comprises on the one hand first tenons 204 and on the other hand second tenons 206.
- the first ones tenons 204 extend in the direction of the axis of rotation AA and are engaged with housings provided in the nut 22.
- the second tenons 206 extend in the direction of the axis of rotation AA and are engaged with housings provided in the rotor disc 12.
- the number of the first tenons 204 is less than the number of housings of the nut 22 and the number of second tenons 206 is lower than the number of housings of the rotor disc 12.
- the number of housings of the nut 22 can be equal to or greater than twice the number of the first tenons 204.
- the number of housings of the rotor disc 12 can be equal to twice the number of the second tenons 206. In this way Furthermore, the number of the first tenons 204 may be less than the number of the second tenons 206.
- Each of the first tenons 204 has a rounded connection with the annular part 102.
- each of the second tenons 106 has a rounded connection with the annular part. 202.
- the mechanical strength of the ring 32 is improved.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2000227A FR3106153B1 (fr) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-01-10 | Dispositif pour le désengagement de turbine en survitesse de turbomachine |
PCT/FR2021/050021 WO2021140301A1 (fr) | 2020-01-10 | 2021-01-08 | Dispositif pour le désengagement de turbine en survitesse de turbomachine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4088005A1 true EP4088005A1 (fr) | 2022-11-16 |
Family
ID=69903630
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21705582.1A Pending EP4088005A1 (fr) | 2020-01-10 | 2021-01-08 | Dispositif pour le désengagement de turbine en survitesse de turbomachine |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11761345B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4088005A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN114901919A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3106153B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2021140301A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3077334A (en) * | 1961-10-23 | 1963-02-12 | Gen Electric | Pin-bushed turbine wheel |
US4201513A (en) * | 1976-12-07 | 1980-05-06 | Rolls-Royce (1971) Limited | Gas turbine engines |
GB2079402B (en) * | 1980-06-27 | 1984-02-22 | Rolls Royce | System for supporting a rotor in conditions of dynamic imbalance |
FR2637335B1 (fr) * | 1988-09-14 | 1990-11-30 | Snecma | Accouplement d'un arbre dans un support de palier de turbomachine et procede de desaccouplage |
US5492447A (en) * | 1994-10-06 | 1996-02-20 | General Electric Company | Laser shock peened rotor components for turbomachinery |
GB2377731A (en) * | 2001-07-21 | 2003-01-22 | Rolls Royce Plc | Rotor shaft assembly for a gas turbine engine |
FR2858649B1 (fr) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-09-23 | Snecma Moteurs | Turbine basse-pression de turbomachine |
FR2875842B1 (fr) | 2004-09-28 | 2010-09-24 | Snecma Moteurs | Dispositif de limitation de survitesse de turbine dans une turbomachine |
RU2016140620A (ru) * | 2014-03-21 | 2018-04-23 | Эксерджи С.П.А. | Радиальная турбомашина |
KR101624054B1 (ko) * | 2014-11-21 | 2016-05-24 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | 복수 개의 타이로드를 구비한 가스터빈 및 그의 조립방법 |
FR3032499B1 (fr) * | 2015-02-10 | 2017-11-24 | Snecma | Ecrou pour le blocage axial d'une bague de palier dans une turbomachine |
FR3057300B1 (fr) * | 2016-10-07 | 2018-10-05 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Assemblage d'anneau mobile de turbine de turbomachine |
-
2020
- 2020-01-10 FR FR2000227A patent/FR3106153B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-01-08 EP EP21705582.1A patent/EP4088005A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-01-08 CN CN202180007764.1A patent/CN114901919A/zh active Pending
- 2021-01-08 WO PCT/FR2021/050021 patent/WO2021140301A1/fr unknown
- 2021-01-08 US US17/791,829 patent/US11761345B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US11761345B2 (en) | 2023-09-19 |
FR3106153B1 (fr) | 2022-01-28 |
WO2021140301A1 (fr) | 2021-07-15 |
FR3106153A1 (fr) | 2021-07-16 |
CN114901919A (zh) | 2022-08-12 |
US20230033362A1 (en) | 2023-02-02 |
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