EP4086555B1 - Low maintenance heat exchange device - Google Patents

Low maintenance heat exchange device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4086555B1
EP4086555B1 EP22169975.4A EP22169975A EP4086555B1 EP 4086555 B1 EP4086555 B1 EP 4086555B1 EP 22169975 A EP22169975 A EP 22169975A EP 4086555 B1 EP4086555 B1 EP 4086555B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
fluid circulation
heat exchange
circulation element
heat transfer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP22169975.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP4086555A1 (en
Inventor
Nadia Caney
Alain MEMPONTEIL
Fabien Vidotto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Publication of EP4086555A1 publication Critical patent/EP4086555A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
    • F24H1/14—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form
    • F24H1/142—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form using electric energy supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1818—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/065—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/083—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning capable of being taken apart
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
    • F24H2250/06—Peltier
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D31/00—Other cooling or freezing apparatus
    • F25D31/002—Liquid coolers, e.g. beverage cooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0042—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for foodstuffs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0008—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium
    • F28D7/0025—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium the conduits for one medium or the conduits for both media being flat tubes or arrays of tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/02—Flexible elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2280/00—Mounting arrangements; Arrangements for facilitating assembling or disassembling of heat exchanger parts
    • F28F2280/02—Removable elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchange device for fluid requiring reduced maintenance.
  • drinking establishments generally use a beer tap which allows beer to be served from a keg.
  • the tap incorporates a beer cooling system which generally consists of circulating the beer in a metal tube, for example in the shape of a serpentine, surrounded by iced water. The beer in contact with the wall of the cooled tube cools before leaving the tap.
  • tube cleaning is required when changing the fluid to be cooled or heated.
  • the problem can also arise when heating or cooling other fluids which are not intended to be ingested, when one wishes to change the fluid to be heated or cooled and ensure that no residue of the fluid remains. previous in the tube.
  • This cleaning is all the more complex as the tube has a complex shape, for example a serpentine shape.
  • WO-A-2017149217 discloses a heat exchange device according to the preamble of claim 1. Other heat exchange devices are described in WO-A-0007929 And WO-A2012045174 .
  • a heat exchange device for a fluid comprising at least one heat transfer element and at least one fluid circulation element configured to be in contact with the heat transfer element, said fluid circulation element comprising a fluid circulation channel between an inlet and an outlet, said fluid circulation element being removably mounted in the heat exchange device.
  • the fluid exchanges heat with the heat transfer element through the walls of the circulation element.
  • the fluid can be brought to a desired temperature by heat exchange with the heat transfer element.
  • the fluid circulation element being removable, it can be removed during maintenance and can be easily cleaned. It may be considered to replace it with a new circulation element.
  • the fluid circulation element is made of a flexible material delimiting the fluid circulation channel.
  • the fluid circulation element is for example made by a pocket formed by two sheets of polymer material welded and delimiting the circulation channel between them.
  • the circulation element is such that it is removable and can be easily removed, replaced or replaced in the heat exchange device.
  • the pressurized fluid circulating in the bag deforms the walls which come into contact with the heat transfer element(s), ensuring good heat exchange.
  • the flexible pocket is then a three-dimensional exchanger component made from two-dimensional films by circulating the treated fluid under pressure in the exchanger component, which deforms it transversely, and makes it possible to obtain thermal contact on the exchange plates.
  • the sheets are made of polymer material, metal or polymer/metal composite.
  • the heat transfer element may comprise a plate in which at least one channel is provided for the circulation of a heat carrier or may comprise a solid plate ensuring the conduction of heat between two fluid circulation elements.
  • One of the objects of the present application is a heat exchange device for modifying the temperature of at least a first fluid, comprising at least one heat transfer element and at least one circulation element of the first fluid configured to be in contact with the heat transfer element, the element for circulating the first fluid comprising a channel for circulating the first fluid between an inlet and an outlet, at least one wall of which is intended to be in contact with the heat transfer element heat transfer, said circulation element being removably mounted in the heat exchange device, the channel inlet comprising a first connector configured to connect the circulation element of the first fluid to a first circuit connected to a source of first fluid and the outlet of the channel comprising a second connector configured to connect the circulation element of the first fluid to a second circuit connected to means for using the first fluid, so that the circulation element of the first fluid is removable.
  • the first fluid circulation element is made of a flexible material delimiting the first fluid circulation channel between the inlet and the outlet, said first fluid circulation element being configured to deform when the first fluid circulates under pressure in the circulation channel and comes into contact with the at least one heat transfer element, such that the first fluid exchanges heat with the heat transfer element through the flexible material.
  • the circulation element of the first fluid comprises two superimposed sheets, each of the sheets being made of polymer, metal or a polymer and metal composite material and the circulation channel is formed by welds between the two sheets.
  • the polymer may be polyethylene and the metal may be aluminum.
  • the heat transfer element comprises at least one heat transfer channel.
  • the heat transfer element may include electric heating means.
  • the heat exchange device comprises at least two heat transfer elements delimiting between them a housing configured to receive the circulation element of the first fluid.
  • the spacing between the two heat transfer elements is such that the circulation element of the first fluid in its deformed state is in contact with the two heat transfer elements.
  • the heat exchange device may comprise several elements for circulating the first fluid configured to be supplied in parallel or in series and several housings, each receiving an element for circulating the first fluid.
  • the heat exchange device comprises at least one circulation element for a second fluid disposed on the opposite side of the heat transfer element relative to the circulation element for the first fluid so as to so that there is a heat transfer between the first fluid and the second fluid.
  • the second fluid circulation element is advantageously made of a flexible material delimiting a second fluid circulation channel between an inlet and an outlet, said second fluid circulation element being configured to deform when the second fluid circulates under pressure in the circulation channel of the second fluid.
  • the heat exchange device comprises thermally insulating exterior walls.
  • Another subject of the application is a system for modifying the temperature of at least a first fluid comprising, at least one heat exchange device of the type described above, a source of first fluid under pressure at a first temperature connected to the inlet of an element for circulating the first fluid, a heat transfer source connected to a heat transfer element, and means for using the first fluid at a second temperature different from the first temperature.
  • the system is an on-demand beer dispensing system, with the first fluid being beer.
  • Another object of the present application is a system for modifying the temperature of at least a first fluid comprising, at least one heat exchange device of the type described above, comprising a source of first fluid under pressure connected to the element for circulating the first fluid and a source of second fluid under pressure connected to the element for circulating the second fluid
  • the invention applies to the heating or cooling of fluids, in particular liquids, such as water, milk, beer, and liquids whose viscosity can reach 100 times the viscosity of water, i.e. of of the order of 0.1 Pa.s.
  • the flow rates and diameters are adapted to the viscosity of the liquid.
  • the fluid may or may not be a food fluid.
  • FIG. 1 we can see a top view of an exemplary embodiment of a fluid circulation element 2 which is formed by a flexible element, which will also be designated “pocket” in the remainder of the description.
  • the fluid circulation element 2 comprises two sheets of flexible material fixed to one another so as to delimit between them a fluid circulation channel 4.
  • the channel has an inlet 5 and an outlet 6.
  • Inlet 5 is intended to be connected to a source of pressurized fluid and outlet 6 is intended to be connected for example to a fluid delivery valve.
  • the pocket 2 is formed by folding a sheet on itself.
  • the fluid circulation element 2 has for example a rectangular shape, the inlet 5 opening into a side edge of the circulation element and the outlet 6 opening into the same side edge or another side edge.
  • the inlet and outlet open into the same edge or adjacent edges.
  • the shape of the pocket is not limiting and a circular shape or any other is possible.
  • the channel 4 preferably has a shape maximizing the path of the fluid between the inlet 5 and the outlet 6 and the exchange surface, which increases the heat exchange between the fluid and a heat transfer element which will be described below below.
  • the shape of the channel is chosen according to the fluid circulating in it, in particular its viscosity and its thermal conductivity, depending on the flow rate to be transferred, in order to optimize the pressure losses, and the exchange coefficient.
  • the shape of the channel is chosen so that it covers the maximum surface area of the pocket.
  • the channel may run in a chevron or zigzag pattern between the inlet and outlet.
  • the pocket is made of a sufficiently flexible material such that, when a pressurized fluid circulates in the channel, the material deforms and then delimits a channel with an approximately rectangular section, the faces of the channel resting on the flat surface of the elements. heat exchange.
  • the ratio between the width and the length of the rectangular section is advantageously between 1 and 2.
  • the material of the bag is adapted to the fluid intended to circulate in it, so that it is inert with respect to it.
  • the sheets are made of polymer material suitable for food contact or of a composite material for example polymer-metal, for example aluminum, to improve the mechanical strength of the element and/or block the diffusion of gases, for example oxygen.
  • the material is also chosen based on the temperature to which the fluid will be heated or cooled.
  • the flexible bag can be made of polymer material, for example polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, for example 20 ⁇ m thick or with aluminum sheets, for example 50 ⁇ m thick or in a composite material for example.
  • polymer-metal for example aluminum.
  • the channel is formed for example by welding the two sheets, for example by thermal welding. The manufacturing cost is then reduced. Alternatively, assembly by gluing can be carried out. The channel thus formed is waterproof. Manufacturing the channel or channels by welding allows great freedom in the shape of the channel or channels.
  • the fluid circulation element comprises connectors C1, C2 at the inlet 5 and at the outlet 6 respectively, facilitating the connection of the fluid circulation element with the source of the pressurized fluid and the evacuation and facilitating the placement and removal of the circulation element in the device.
  • These connectors C are advantageously of the quick connector type, for example they are push-pull type connectors or fittings, cooperating with fittings equipping the connection circuits to the fluid source and to the means of using the fluid.
  • the inlet and outlet of the pocket comprise threaded ends cooperating with threaded rings of the supply and use circuits, seals ensure sealing.
  • the connectors can be integrated into the fluid circulation element during the manufacture of the channel by welding, the sheets being welded to the connectors, for example also made of polymer material.
  • the pocket is therefore easily removable and replaceable.
  • a removable circulation element means a circulation element configured to be easily removed, replaced and replaced in the heat transfer device by a person who uses the heat device, but who is not not a specialist in heat transfer devices using hydraulic circuits under pressure.
  • the circuit to which the circulation element is connected is configured to allow this easy connection and disconnection.
  • a pocket comprising independent channels each provided with an inlet and an outlet does not depart from the scope of the present invention.
  • the device D1 comprises two heat exchange elements 8 in the form of a plate, arranged parallel to each other and delimiting a housing 10 intended to receive a pocket.
  • the connectors C1, C2 are arranged outside the housing to facilitate their connection.
  • the heat exchange elements 8 each comprise a channel 12 for circulating a heat transfer fluid intended to provide heat to the fluid circulating in the pocket or to extract heat from the fluid circulating in the pocket.
  • the heat transfer fluid is for example water, a refrigerant preferably which does not affect the ozone layer, nor contribute to the greenhouse effect, such as R1234yf, R1234ze, or R1233zd, CO 2 , certain hydrocarbons or a mixture of these fluids.
  • the channels 12 wind through the plates 8.
  • the plates 8 are made of a material that is a good thermal conductor, for example metal, such as steel, advantageously stainless steel, aluminum or copper.
  • the pocket 2 is deformed by the pressurized fluid circulating inside it, and the pocket comes to rest against the interior face of the heat exchange plates 8. The contact between the pocket and the plates is then surface , which ensures an increased exchange surface and very good heat transfer between the fluid and the plates.
  • the thickness of the pocket sheets is sufficiently low to limit heat exchange to a minimum.
  • the diameter of the channel is sufficiently small to allow heat exchange with all the fluid circulating in the channel.
  • the width L of the housing ie the distance between the two interior faces of the plates, is adapted to the maximum thickness of the deformed pocket so that the channel comes into contact with the interior faces of the plates.
  • the use of deformable flexible pockets makes it possible to adapt to the width of the housing and to ensure significant contact between the pocket and the heat exchange elements.
  • the exterior faces of the pocket and/or the interior faces of the plates can be covered with a material improving contact and thermal transfer between the pocket and the plates.
  • a material improving contact and thermal transfer between the pocket and the plates.
  • an oil or grease type material may be used.
  • the liquid water deposited by condensation on the plates may be sufficient to improve thermal contact.
  • the exterior walls 9 of the device are thermally insulated to limit thermal losses to the exterior and optimize heat transfers between the circulation element 2 and the transfer element 8. At least one wall allows easy access in the pocket for its installation and removal.
  • a heat transfer fluid circulates in the plates.
  • an electric heating means or a Peltier type electric cooling means is integrated into the plates.
  • the heat transfer element(s) may combine both one or more heat transfer channel(s) and electrical heating or cooling means.
  • the heat transfer fluid circulates in the two side walls of the housing 10.
  • it circulates in a single wall and the other wall is thermally insulated.
  • the bag is immersed in the heat transfer fluid; preferably the pocket is rigid as will be described below.
  • the pocket 2 is arranged in the housing 10, the inlet connector C1 is connected to a supply of the pressurized fluid S and the outlet connector C2 to an evacuation, for example to a tap R.
  • the fluid can be pressurized by means of a gas charged with gravity or a pushing fluid, for example tap water. Downstream, the pressure can be maintained by a pressure drop, for example by a tap R or a valve or by discharging the fluid into a pressure receptacle.
  • pocket 2 deforms in a direction normal to its surface and the walls of circulation channel 4 come into contact with plates 8.
  • a cold heat transfer medium circulates in plates 8 The heat from the fluid circulating in the channel is extracted by the heat carrier circulating in the plates 8. The temperature of the cold heat carrier is lower than the entry temperature of the fluid circulating in the pocket.
  • the arrows designate the direction of fluid circulation.
  • the temperature of the fluid between the channel inlet and the channel outlet is then lowered.
  • the operation of the device for heating a fluid is similar to the operation described above but a heat carrier, at a temperature higher than the temperature to which we want to heat the fluid, circulates in the plates
  • the inlet connector is connected to the first barrel, the barrel being connected to a source of CO 2 under pressure.
  • the beer circulates in the bag and comes out cooled at the draft tap.
  • the bag can be connected to a second barrel when the first barrel is empty.
  • the bag is purged and is disconnected from the barrel and the drawing tap, it is removed from the housing 10 and is discarded or sent to a recycling circuit, possibly with a view to recycling. refilling. It is replaced by a new pocket.
  • Maintenance of the beer distribution system is then significantly simplified. Indeed, the low cost of the bag combined with its ease of installation makes it possible to change it with sufficient frequency to ensure sanitary quality for food fluids or maintain satisfactory exchange conditions for a fluid making deposits. .
  • the invention makes it possible to maintain adequate sanitary conditions in the exchanger by changing the bag.
  • a pocket made of polymer material whose walls have a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, and comprising a channel whose substantially rectangular section has a length between 2 mm and 4 mm and a width between 6 mm and 12 mm and having a length between the two ends 5 and 6 between 4 m and 9 m.
  • the bag For a beer flow of 0.05 kg/s, maximum pressure losses at 700 mbar, the bag has an external format of around 2.2 times a standard A4 format, the A4 format being a rectangle of 21 cm ⁇ 29.7 cm.
  • the bags according to the invention make it possible to obtain substantially the same performances as a tube of circular section with a diameter of between 4 mm and 12 mm and a length of between 6 m and 15 m immersed in a bath of water and glycol at 20%.
  • the device D2 comprises three heat exchange elements 8 and two fluid circulation elements 2, each fluid circulation element 2 being arranged between two heat exchange elements 8.
  • a heat exchange element 8 participates at the delimitation of the two housings 10.
  • the two circulation elements 2 are connected in parallel to the power source and to the use, which makes it possible to increase the flow rate of fluid whose temperature is modified. It will be understood that more than two circulation elements each received in a dwelling can be implemented.
  • the pockets are each connected at the outlet to a separate outlet, for example to two taps.
  • the two fluid circulation elements are connected in series, which makes it possible either to vary the temperature of the fluid more significantly, or to increase the flow rate of tempered fluid.
  • the device comprises a heat exchange element 14 made of a good, or even very good, thermal conductor material, and two fluid circulation elements 2, 2' on either side of the thermal conductor element 14.
  • Each circulation element of fluid 2, 2' is connected to a source of fluid at different temperatures and to a different discharge.
  • the fluids circulating in the two fluid circulation elements 2 and 2' may be identical or different.
  • the heat exchange element is a metal, for example copper, aluminum or stainless steel.
  • the thickness of the heat exchange element can be between 2 mm and 5 mm.
  • the device comprises two housings 16 separated by the heat exchange element.
  • the width of the housing is sized to accommodate the two pockets 2, 2' and so that once deformed by the pressurized fluids they are in intimate contact with the heat exchange element 14.
  • the exterior walls 18 of the device are thermally insulated to limit thermal losses to the outside and optimize heat transfers between the two circulation elements.
  • the width of the housings 16 is chosen to ensure significant contact of the pockets against the heat exchange element 14.
  • the device according to Figure 5 may include more than one heat exchange element 14 and more than two fluid circulation elements.
  • the device comprises two heat exchange elements 14 and three fluid circulation elements.
  • the fluids circulating in the pockets 2 located at the ends are the same or are different, and the fluid circulating in the central pocket 2' is at a different temperature, it is then heated or cooled by the heat exchange with the other two fluids through the heat exchange elements 14.
  • the removable fluid circulation element is a rigid element, i.e. which does not deform or only slightly under the effect of the pressure circulating therein.
  • the fluid circulation element is made from two steel sheets, advantageously made of stainless steel, stamped and brazed to one another and delimiting the circulation channel between them, the ends of the channel comprise quick connectors, in a manner similar to pocket 2, which allows the rapid connection and disconnection of the circulation element with the fluid supply circuit.
  • stainless steel sheets have a thickness of 200 ⁇ m.
  • the distance between the heat exchange elements is chosen so as to allow the circulation element to be placed between the two heat exchange elements in contact with them.
  • the circulation element is removed from the heat exchange device and can be more easily cleaned outside the device, before being put back in place. It may be considered to mount a clean circulation element while the circulation element is cleaned, which makes it possible to reduce the time the device is not used.
  • the invention applies to the heating or cooling of liquid foodstuffs for catering or in a domestic setting.
  • the invention is particularly interesting for production lines in the food industry or food crafts or other industries which require maintenance of heat exchangers for sanitary maintenance, due to deposits or fluid changes.
  • the invention can be used for collective catering where large quantities of fluid must be brought to temperature for consumption, possibly in an unprogrammed manner.
  • the invention makes it possible to package different fluids in a versatile manner without prior heating or cooling time.
  • the invention can be applied to other food fluids or not, for example it can be used to apply heat treatment to fluids for subsequent use.
  • it can be envisaged to heat fluids containing biological cells or chemicals reacting under the effect of heat.
  • the variation in fluidity of the liquids after transformation and their compatibility with the material of the bag will be taken into account.
  • the invention makes it possible to avoid exchanger cleaning operations which are long and may require chemical products of the acid or base type which can be polluting and expensive. These operations also require control which is avoided thanks to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUE ET ÉTAT DE LA TECHNIQUE ANTÉRIEURETECHNICAL FIELD AND STATE OF PRIOR ART

La présente invention se rapporte à un dispositif d'échange thermique pour fluide requérant une maintenance réduite.The present invention relates to a heat exchange device for fluid requiring reduced maintenance.

Dans l'industrie agro-alimentaire, on souhaite pouvoir chauffer ou refroidir des fluides rapidement par exemple pour un service à la demande.In the food industry, we want to be able to heat or cool fluids quickly, for example for an on-demand service.

Par exemple, les débits de boisson utilisent généralement une tireuse à bière qui permet de servir une bière à partir d'un fût. La tireuse intègre un système de refroidissement de la bière qui consiste généralement à faire circuler la bière dans un tube métallique, par exemple en forme de serpentin, entouré d'eau glacé. La bière au contact de la paroi du tube refroidi se refroidit avant de sortir de la tireuse.For example, drinking establishments generally use a beer tap which allows beer to be served from a keg. The tap incorporates a beer cooling system which generally consists of circulating the beer in a metal tube, for example in the shape of a serpentine, surrounded by iced water. The beer in contact with the wall of the cooled tube cools before leaving the tap.

Cette installation requiert une maintenance régulière, minutieuse et coûteuse. En effet il faut nettoyer régulièrement l'intérieur du tube dans lequel circule la bière pour assurer une sécurité sanitaire et éviter de modifier le goût de la bière.This installation requires regular, careful and costly maintenance. In fact, it is necessary to regularly clean the inside of the tube in which the beer circulates to ensure health safety and avoid changing the taste of the beer.

Or une telle maintenance est longue et demande une certaine maîtrise.However, such maintenance is long and requires a certain amount of mastery.

Le même problème se pose pour réchauffer des liquides alimentaires.The same problem arises when heating liquid foods.

En outre, un nettoyage du tube est requis lorsque l'on souhaite changer de fluide à refroidir ou à chauffer.In addition, tube cleaning is required when changing the fluid to be cooled or heated.

Le problème peut également se poser pour chauffer ou refroidir d'autres fluides qui ne seraient pas destinés à être ingérés, lorsque l'on souhaite changer de fluide à chauffer ou à refroidir et s'assurer qu'il ne reste pas de résidu du fluide précédent dans le tube. Ce nettoyage est d'autant plus complexe que le tube présente une forme complexe, par exemple une forme de serpentin.The problem can also arise when heating or cooling other fluids which are not intended to be ingested, when one wishes to change the fluid to be heated or cooled and ensure that no residue of the fluid remains. previous in the tube. This cleaning is all the more complex as the tube has a complex shape, for example a serpentine shape.

WO-A-2017149217 divulgue un dispositif d'échange thermique selon le préambule de la revendication 1. D'autres dispositifs d'échange thermique sont décrits dans WO-A-0007929 et WO-A2012045174 . WO-A-2017149217 discloses a heat exchange device according to the preamble of claim 1. Other heat exchange devices are described in WO-A-0007929 And WO-A2012045174 .

EXPOSÉ DE L'INVENTIONSTATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

C'est par conséquent un but de la présente invention d'offrir un dispositif d'échange thermique pour un fluide de maintenance simplifiée.It is therefore an aim of the present invention to offer a heat exchange device for a simplified maintenance fluid.

Le but énoncé ci-dessus est atteint par un dispositif d'échange thermique pour un fluide comportant au moins un élément de transfert de chaleur et au moins un élément de circulation du fluide configuré pour être en contact avec l'élément de transfert de chaleur, ledit élément de circulation de fluide comportant un canal de circulation du fluide entre une entrée et une sortie, ledit élément de circulation de fluide étant monté de manière amovible dans le dispositif d'échange thermique. Le fluide échange de la chaleur avec l'élément de transfert de chaleur à travers les parois de l'élément de circulation. Ainsi le fluide peut être amené à une température souhaitée par échange thermique avec l'élément de transfert de chaleur.The aim stated above is achieved by a heat exchange device for a fluid comprising at least one heat transfer element and at least one fluid circulation element configured to be in contact with the heat transfer element, said fluid circulation element comprising a fluid circulation channel between an inlet and an outlet, said fluid circulation element being removably mounted in the heat exchange device. The fluid exchanges heat with the heat transfer element through the walls of the circulation element. Thus the fluid can be brought to a desired temperature by heat exchange with the heat transfer element.

L'élément de circulation de fluide étant amovible, il peut être retiré lors des maintenances et peut être facilement nettoyé. Il peut être envisagé de le remplacer par un élément de circulation neuf.The fluid circulation element being removable, it can be removed during maintenance and can be easily cleaned. It may be considered to replace it with a new circulation element.

De manière préférée, l'élément de circulation de fluide est réalisé en un matériau souple délimitant le canal de circulation du fluide. L'élément de circulation du fluide est par exemple réalisé par une poche formée deux feuilles en matériau polymère soudées et délimitant entre elles le canal de circulation.Preferably, the fluid circulation element is made of a flexible material delimiting the fluid circulation channel. The fluid circulation element is for example made by a pocket formed by two sheets of polymer material welded and delimiting the circulation channel between them.

L'élément de circulation est tel qu'il est amovible et peut être facilement retiré, remis en place ou remplacé dans le dispositif d'échange thermique.The circulation element is such that it is removable and can be easily removed, replaced or replaced in the heat exchange device.

Dans le cas d'une poche souple, le coût de fabrication d'un tel élément de circulation est relativement faible, il peut alors être remplacé au lieu d'être nettoyé. Ainsi la maintenance du dispositif de mise en température est davantage simplifiée. Il n'y a plus de risque d'un nettoyage insuffisant et/ou de résidus de fluide. En outre le temps requis pour la maintenance est réduit.In the case of a flexible pocket, the cost of manufacturing such a circulation element is relatively low, it can then be replaced instead of being cleaned. Thus, maintenance of the heating device is further simplified. There is no longer any risk of insufficient cleaning and/or fluid residue. Additionally, the time required for maintenance is reduced.

De plus dans le cas d'une poche souple, le fluide sous pression circulant dans la poche déforme les parois qui viennent au contact du ou des éléments de transfert de chaleur, assurant un bon échange thermique.Furthermore, in the case of a flexible bag, the pressurized fluid circulating in the bag deforms the walls which come into contact with the heat transfer element(s), ensuring good heat exchange.

La poche souple est alors un composant d'échangeur tridimensionnel réalisé à partir de films en deux dimensions en faisant circuler sous pression le fluide traité dans le composant d'échangeur, ce qui le déforme transversalement, et permet d'obtenir le contact thermique sur les plaques échangeuses.The flexible pocket is then a three-dimensional exchanger component made from two-dimensional films by circulating the treated fluid under pressure in the exchanger component, which deforms it transversely, and makes it possible to obtain thermal contact on the exchange plates.

Par exemple, les feuilles sont en matériau polymère, en métal ou en composite polymère/métal.For example, the sheets are made of polymer material, metal or polymer/metal composite.

L'élément de transfert de chaleur peut comporter une plaque dans laquelle est ménagé au moins un canal pour la circulation d'un caloporteur ou comporter une plaque pleine assurant la conduction de la chaleur entre deux éléments de circulation du fluide.The heat transfer element may comprise a plate in which at least one channel is provided for the circulation of a heat carrier or may comprise a solid plate ensuring the conduction of heat between two fluid circulation elements.

L'un des objets de la présente demande est un dispositif d'échange thermique pour modifier la température d'au moins un premier fluide, comportant au moins un élément de transfert de chaleur et au moins un élément de circulation du premier fluide configuré pour être en contact avec l'élément de transfert de chaleur, l'élément de circulation du premier fluide comportant un canal de circulation du premier fluide entre une entrée et une sortie, dont au moins une paroi est destinée à être en contact avec l'élément de transfert de chaleur, ledit élément de circulation étant monté de manière amovible dans le dispositif d'échange thermique, l'entrée canal comportant un premier connecteur configuré pour connecter l'élément de circulation du premier fluide à un premier circuit relié à une source de premier fluide et la sortie du canal comportant un deuxième connecteur configuré pour connecter l'élément de circulation du premier fluide à un deuxième circuit relié à des moyens d'utilisation du premier fluide, de sorte que l'élément de circulation du premier fluide soit amovible.One of the objects of the present application is a heat exchange device for modifying the temperature of at least a first fluid, comprising at least one heat transfer element and at least one circulation element of the first fluid configured to be in contact with the heat transfer element, the element for circulating the first fluid comprising a channel for circulating the first fluid between an inlet and an outlet, at least one wall of which is intended to be in contact with the heat transfer element heat transfer, said circulation element being removably mounted in the heat exchange device, the channel inlet comprising a first connector configured to connect the circulation element of the first fluid to a first circuit connected to a source of first fluid and the outlet of the channel comprising a second connector configured to connect the circulation element of the first fluid to a second circuit connected to means for using the first fluid, so that the circulation element of the first fluid is removable.

De manière très avantageuse, l'élément de circulation du premier fluide est réalisé en un matériau souple délimitant le canal de circulation du premier fluide entre l'entrée et la sortie, ledit élément de circulation du premier fluide étant configuré pour se déformer lorsque le premier fluide circule sous pression dans le canal de circulation et à entrer en contact avec le au moins un élément de transfert de chaleur, de sorte que le premier fluide échange de la chaleur avec l'élément de transfert de chaleur à travers le matériau souple.Very advantageously, the first fluid circulation element is made of a flexible material delimiting the first fluid circulation channel between the inlet and the outlet, said first fluid circulation element being configured to deform when the first fluid circulates under pressure in the circulation channel and comes into contact with the at least one heat transfer element, such that the first fluid exchanges heat with the heat transfer element through the flexible material.

Par exemple, l'élément de circulation du premier fluide comporte deux feuilles superposées, chacune des feuilles étant en polymère, en métal ou en en un matériau composite polymère et métal et le canal de circulation est formé par des soudures entre les deux feuilles. Le polymère peut être du polyéthylène et le métal peut être de l'aluminium.For example, the circulation element of the first fluid comprises two superimposed sheets, each of the sheets being made of polymer, metal or a polymer and metal composite material and the circulation channel is formed by welds between the two sheets. The polymer may be polyethylene and the metal may be aluminum.

Dans un exemple avantageux, l'élément de transfert de chaleur comporte au moins un canal de circulation d'un caloporteur.In an advantageous example, the heat transfer element comprises at least one heat transfer channel.

L'élément de transfert de chaleur peut comporter des moyens de chauffage électrique. Dans un exemple de réalisation, le dispositif d'échange thermique comporte au moins deux éléments de transfert de chaleur délimitant entre eux un logement configuré pour recevoir l'élément de circulation du premier fluide.The heat transfer element may include electric heating means. In an exemplary embodiment, the heat exchange device comprises at least two heat transfer elements delimiting between them a housing configured to receive the circulation element of the first fluid.

De préférence, l'espacement entre les deux éléments de transfert de chaleur est tel que l'élément de circulation du premier fluide dans son état déformé est en contact avec les deux éléments de transfert de chaleur.Preferably, the spacing between the two heat transfer elements is such that the circulation element of the first fluid in its deformed state is in contact with the two heat transfer elements.

Le dispositif d'échange thermique peut comporter plusieurs éléments de circulation du premier fluide configurés pour être alimentés en parallèle ou en série et plusieurs logements, chacun recevant un élément de circulation du premier fluide.The heat exchange device may comprise several elements for circulating the first fluid configured to be supplied in parallel or in series and several housings, each receiving an element for circulating the first fluid.

Dans un autre exemple de réalisation, le dispositif d'échange thermique comporte au moins un élément de circulation d'un deuxième fluide disposé du côté opposé de l'élément de transfert de chaleur par rapport à l'élément de circulation du premier fluide de sorte à ce qu'il y ait un transfert de chaleur entre le premier fluide et le deuxième fluide.In another exemplary embodiment, the heat exchange device comprises at least one circulation element for a second fluid disposed on the opposite side of the heat transfer element relative to the circulation element for the first fluid so as to so that there is a heat transfer between the first fluid and the second fluid.

L'élément de circulation du deuxième fluide est avantageusement réalisé en un matériau souple délimitant un canal de circulation du deuxième fluide entre une entrée et une sortie, ledit élément de circulation du deuxième fluide étant configuré pour se déformer lorsque le deuxième fluide circule sous pression dans le canal de circulation du deuxième fluide.The second fluid circulation element is advantageously made of a flexible material delimiting a second fluid circulation channel between an inlet and an outlet, said second fluid circulation element being configured to deform when the second fluid circulates under pressure in the circulation channel of the second fluid.

De préférence, le dispositif d'échange thermique comporte des parois extérieures isolantes thermiquement.Preferably, the heat exchange device comprises thermally insulating exterior walls.

Un autre objet de la demande est un système pour modifier la température d'au moins un premier fluide comportant, au moins un dispositif d'échange thermique du type décrit ci-dessus, une source en premier fluide sous pression à une première température connectée à l'entrée d'un élément de circulation du premier fluide, une source de caloporteur connectée à un élément de transfert de chaleur, et des moyens d'utilisation du premier fluide à une deuxième température différente de la première température.Another subject of the application is a system for modifying the temperature of at least a first fluid comprising, at least one heat exchange device of the type described above, a source of first fluid under pressure at a first temperature connected to the inlet of an element for circulating the first fluid, a heat transfer source connected to a heat transfer element, and means for using the first fluid at a second temperature different from the first temperature.

Par exemple, le système est un système de distribution de bière à la demande, le premier fluide étant de la bière.For example, the system is an on-demand beer dispensing system, with the first fluid being beer.

Un autre objet de la présente demande est un système pour modifier la température d'au moins un premier fluide comportant, au moins un dispositif d'échange thermique du type décrit ci-dessus, comportant une source en premier fluide sous pression connectée à l'élément de circulation du premier fluide et une source en deuxième fluide sous pression connectée à l'élément de circulation du deuxième fluideAnother object of the present application is a system for modifying the temperature of at least a first fluid comprising, at least one heat exchange device of the type described above, comprising a source of first fluid under pressure connected to the element for circulating the first fluid and a source of second fluid under pressure connected to the element for circulating the second fluid

Un autre objet de la présente demande est un procédé d'utilisation d'un système selon l'invention, comportant :

  • la mise en place d'un élément de circulation du premier fluide entre deux éléments de transfert de chaleur,
  • la connexion de l'élément de circulation du premier fluide à la source d'alimentation en premier fluide sous pression et aux moyens d'utilisation du premier fluide à la deuxième température,
  • le prélèvement du premier fluide à la deuxième température après circulation du premier fluide dans l'élément de circulation du premier fluide,
  • la déconnexion de l'élément de circulation du premier fluide et le retrait de celui-ci,
  • la connexion d'un élément de circulation du premier fluide neuf à la source d'alimentation en premier fluide et aux moyens d'utilisation du premier fluide.
Another subject of the present application is a method of using a system according to the invention, comprising:
  • the installation of an element for circulating the first fluid between two heat transfer elements,
  • connecting the first fluid circulation element to the source of supply of first fluid under pressure and to the means of using the first fluid at the second temperature,
  • sampling the first fluid at the second temperature after circulation of the first fluid in the first fluid circulation element,
  • disconnecting the circulation element from the first fluid and removing it,
  • connecting an element for circulating the first new fluid to the first fluid supply source and to the means for using the first fluid.

Un autre objet de la présente demande est un procédé d'utilisation d'un système selon l'invention comportant :

  • la mise en place d'un élément de circulation du premier fluide et d'un élément de circulation du deuxième fluide de part et d'autre de l'élément de transfert de chaleur,
  • la connexion de l'élément de circulation du premier fluide à la source d'alimentation en premier fluide sous pression et aux moyens d'utilisation du premier fluide à la deuxième température, et la connexion de l'élément de circulation du deuxième fluide à la source d'alimentation en deuxième fluide sous pression et aux moyens d'utilisation du deuxième fluide,
  • le prélèvement du premier fluide à la deuxième température après circulation du premier fluide dans l'élément de circulation du premier fluide,
  • la déconnexion de l'élément de circulation du premier fluide et/ou de l'élément de circulation du deuxième fluide et le retrait de l'un ou l'autre ou les deux,
  • la connexion d'un élément de circulation du premier fluide neuf à la source d'alimentation en premier fluide et au moyens d'utilisation du premier fluide, et/ou la connexion d'un élément de circulation du deuxième le fluide neuf à la source d'alimentation en deuxième fluide et aux moyens d'utilisation du deuxième fluide.
Another subject of the present application is a method of using a system according to the invention comprising:
  • the installation of a circulation element for the first fluid and a circulation element for the second fluid on either side of the heat transfer element,
  • connecting the first fluid circulation element to the supply source of first fluid under pressure and to the means for using the first fluid at the second temperature, and connecting the second fluid circulation element to the source of supply of second fluid under pressure and means of using the second fluid,
  • sampling the first fluid at the second temperature after circulation of the first fluid in the first fluid circulation element,
  • disconnecting the circulation element of the first fluid and/or the circulation element of the second fluid and removing one or the other or both,
  • connecting an element for circulating the first new fluid to the source of supply of the first fluid and to the means of using the first fluid, and/or connecting an element for circulating the second new fluid to the source supplying the second fluid and the means for using the second fluid.

BRÈVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

La présente invention sera mieux comprise sur la base de la description qui va suivre et des dessins en annexe sur lesquels:

  • [Fig. 1] est une représentation schématique représenté à plat d'un exemple d'un élément de circulation d'un fluide selon l'invention.
  • [Fig. 2] est une représentation schématique d'un exemple de dispositif d'échange thermique mettant en oeuvre un élément de circulation de la figure 1.
  • [Fig. 3] est une représentation schématique d'un exemple de dispositif d'échange thermique mettant en oeuvre plusieurs éléments de circulation de la figure 1, connectés entre eux en parallèle.
  • [Fig. 4] est une représentation schématique d'un exemple d'un système d'échange thermique mettant en oeuvre le dispositif de la figure 2.
  • [Fig. 5] est une représentation schématique d'un autre exemple de dispositif d'échange thermique mettant en oeuvre plusieurs éléments de circulation de la figure 1.
The present invention will be better understood on the basis of the description which follows and the appended drawings in which:
  • [ Fig. 1 ] is a schematic flat representation of an example of a fluid circulation element according to the invention.
  • [ Fig. 2 ] is a schematic representation of an example of a heat exchange device using a heat circulation element. figure 1 .
  • [ Fig. 3 ] is a schematic representation of an example of a heat exchange device using several heat circulation elements. figure 1 , connected to each other in parallel.
  • [ Fig. 4 ] is a schematic representation of an example of a heat exchange system implementing the device of the figure 2 .
  • [ Fig. 5 ] is a schematic representation of another example of a heat exchange device using several heat circulation elements. figure 1 .

EXPOSÉ DÉTAILLÉ DE MODES DE RÉALISATION PARTICULIERSDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS

L'invention s'applique au chauffage ou au refroidissement de fluides, notamment des liquides, tel que l'eau, le lait, la bière, et des liquides dont la viscosité peut atteindre 100 fois la viscosité de l'eau, i.e. de l'ordre de 0,1 Pa.s. Les débits et les diamètres sont adaptés à la viscosité du liquide. Le fluide peut être un fluide alimentaire ou non.The invention applies to the heating or cooling of fluids, in particular liquids, such as water, milk, beer, and liquids whose viscosity can reach 100 times the viscosity of water, i.e. of of the order of 0.1 Pa.s. The flow rates and diameters are adapted to the viscosity of the liquid. The fluid may or may not be a food fluid.

Sur la figure 1, on peut voir une vue de dessus d'un exemple de réalisation d'un élément de circulation du fluide 2 qui est formé par un élément souple, qui sera également désigné « poche » dans la suite de la description.On the figure 1 , we can see a top view of an exemplary embodiment of a fluid circulation element 2 which is formed by a flexible element, which will also be designated "pocket" in the remainder of the description.

L'élément de circulation du fluide 2 comporte deux feuilles en matériau souple fixées l'une à l'autre de sorte à délimiter entre elles un canal 4 de circulation du fluide. Le canal comporte une entrée 5 et une sortie 6. L'entrée 5 est destinée à être connectée à une source de fluide sous pression et la sortie 6 est destinée à être connectée par exemple à un robinet de délivrance du fluide. En variante, la poche 2 est formée en repliant une feuille sur elle-même.The fluid circulation element 2 comprises two sheets of flexible material fixed to one another so as to delimit between them a fluid circulation channel 4. The channel has an inlet 5 and an outlet 6. Inlet 5 is intended to be connected to a source of pressurized fluid and outlet 6 is intended to be connected for example to a fluid delivery valve. Alternatively, the pocket 2 is formed by folding a sheet on itself.

L'élément de circulation du fluide 2 a par exemple une forme rectangulaire, l'entrée 5 débouchant dans un bord latéral de l'élément de circulation et la sortie 6 débouchant dans le même bord latéral ou un autre bord latéral. En variante, l'entrée et la sortie débouchent dans un même bord ou des bords adjacents. Par ailleurs, la forme de la poche n'est pas limitative et une forme circulaire ou tout autre est envisageable.The fluid circulation element 2 has for example a rectangular shape, the inlet 5 opening into a side edge of the circulation element and the outlet 6 opening into the same side edge or another side edge. Alternatively, the inlet and outlet open into the same edge or adjacent edges. Furthermore, the shape of the pocket is not limiting and a circular shape or any other is possible.

Le canal 4 a de préférence une forme maximisant le trajet du fluide entre l'entrée 5 et la sortie 6 et la surface d'échange, ce qui augmente l'échange thermique entre le fluide et un élément de transfert de chaleur qui sera décrit ci-dessous. La forme du canal est choisie en fonction du fluide qui circule dans celui-ci, notamment sa viscosité et sa conductivité thermique, en fonction du débit à transférer, afin d'optimiser les pertes de charge, et le coefficient d'échange.The channel 4 preferably has a shape maximizing the path of the fluid between the inlet 5 and the outlet 6 and the exchange surface, which increases the heat exchange between the fluid and a heat transfer element which will be described below below. The shape of the channel is chosen according to the fluid circulating in it, in particular its viscosity and its thermal conductivity, depending on the flow rate to be transferred, in order to optimize the pressure losses, and the exchange coefficient.

La forme du canal est choisie pour que celui-ci couvre le maximum de surface de la poche. Par exemple, le canal peut s'étendre sous forme de chevron ou en zigzag entre l'entrée et la sortie.The shape of the channel is chosen so that it covers the maximum surface area of the pocket. For example, the channel may run in a chevron or zigzag pattern between the inlet and outlet.

La poche est en un matériau suffisamment souple tel que, lorsqu'un fluide sous pression circule dans le canal, le matériau se déforme et délimite alors un canal à section approximativement rectangulaire, les faces du canal s'appuyant sur la surface plane des éléments d'échange de chaleur. Le rapport entre la largeur et la longueur de la section rectangulaire est comprise avantageusement entre 1 et 2.The pocket is made of a sufficiently flexible material such that, when a pressurized fluid circulates in the channel, the material deforms and then delimits a channel with an approximately rectangular section, the faces of the channel resting on the flat surface of the elements. heat exchange. The ratio between the width and the length of the rectangular section is advantageously between 1 and 2.

Le matériau de la poche est adapté au fluide destiné à circuler dans celui-ci, afin qu'il soit inerte par rapport à celui-ci. Dans le cas d'un fluide alimentaire, les feuilles sont en matériau polymère adapté au contact alimentaire ou en un matériau composite par exemple polymère-métal, par exemple de l'aluminium, pour améliorer la tenue mécanique de l'élément et/ou bloquer la diffusion des gaz, par exemple de l'oxygène.The material of the bag is adapted to the fluid intended to circulate in it, so that it is inert with respect to it. In the case of a food fluid, the sheets are made of polymer material suitable for food contact or of a composite material for example polymer-metal, for example aluminum, to improve the mechanical strength of the element and/or block the diffusion of gases, for example oxygen.

Le matériau est également choisi en fonction de la température à laquelle le fluide sera chauffé ou refroidi.The material is also chosen based on the temperature to which the fluid will be heated or cooled.

La poche souple peut être réalisée en matériau polymère, par exemple en polyéthylène ou en polychlorure de vinyle, par exemple de 20 µm d'épaisseur ou avec des feuilles d'aluminium, par exemple de 50 µm d'épaisseur ou en un matériau composite par exemple polymère-métal, par exemple de l'aluminium.The flexible bag can be made of polymer material, for example polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, for example 20 µm thick or with aluminum sheets, for example 50 µm thick or in a composite material for example. example polymer-metal, for example aluminum.

Le canal est formé par exemple en soudant les deux feuilles, par exemple par soudure thermique. Le coût de fabrication est alors réduit. En variante, un assemblage par collage peut être réalisé. Le canal ainsi formé est étanche. La fabrication du canal ou des canaux par soudage permet une grande liberté dans la forme du canal ou des canaux.The channel is formed for example by welding the two sheets, for example by thermal welding. The manufacturing cost is then reduced. Alternatively, assembly by gluing can be carried out. The channel thus formed is waterproof. Manufacturing the channel or channels by welding allows great freedom in the shape of the channel or channels.

De préférence, l'élément de circulation de fluide comporte des connecteurs C1, C2 à l'entrée 5 et à la sortie 6 respectivement, facilitant la connexion de l'élément de circulation de fluide avec la source du fluide sous pression et l'évacuation et facilitant la mise ne place et le retrait de l'élément de circulation dans le dispositif. Ces connecteurs C sont avantageusement de type connecteur rapide, par exemple il s'agit de connecteurs ou raccords de type push-pull, coopérant avec des raccords équipant les circuits de connexion à la source de fluide et aux moyens d'utilisation du fluide. En variante, les entrée et sortie de la poche comportent des embouts filetés coopérant avec des bagues filetées des circuits d'alimentation et d'utilisation, des joints assurent l'étanchéité.Preferably, the fluid circulation element comprises connectors C1, C2 at the inlet 5 and at the outlet 6 respectively, facilitating the connection of the fluid circulation element with the source of the pressurized fluid and the evacuation and facilitating the placement and removal of the circulation element in the device. These connectors C are advantageously of the quick connector type, for example they are push-pull type connectors or fittings, cooperating with fittings equipping the connection circuits to the fluid source and to the means of using the fluid. Alternatively, the inlet and outlet of the pocket comprise threaded ends cooperating with threaded rings of the supply and use circuits, seals ensure sealing.

Les connecteurs peuvent être intégrés à l'élément de circulation du fluide lors de la fabrication du canal par soudage, les feuilles étant soudés sur les connecteurs par exemple en matériau polymère également. Ainsi la poche est facilement amovible et remplaçable.The connectors can be integrated into the fluid circulation element during the manufacture of the channel by welding, the sheets being welded to the connectors, for example also made of polymer material. The pocket is therefore easily removable and replaceable.

Dans la présente demande, « un élément de circulation amovible » signifie un élément de circulation configuré pour être aisément retiré, remis en place et remplacé dans le dispositif de transfert de chaleur par une personne qui utilise le dispositif de chaleur, mais qui n'est pas une spécialiste de dispositif de transfert de chaleur mettant en oeuvre des circuits hydrauliques sous pression. Le circuit auquel est connecté l'élément de circulation est configuré pour permettre cette connexion et cette déconnexion aisées.In the present application, "a removable circulation element" means a circulation element configured to be easily removed, replaced and replaced in the heat transfer device by a person who uses the heat device, but who is not not a specialist in heat transfer devices using hydraulic circuits under pressure. The circuit to which the circulation element is connected is configured to allow this easy connection and disconnection.

Une poche comportant des canaux indépendants munis chacune d'une entrée et d'une sortie ne sort pas du cadre de la présente invention.A pocket comprising independent channels each provided with an inlet and an outlet does not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Sur la figure 2, on peut voir une représentation schématique d'un exemple de dispositif de transfert thermique D1 selon l'invention.On the figure 2 , we can see a schematic representation of an example of heat transfer device D1 according to the invention.

Le dispositif D1 comporte deux éléments d'échange de chaleur 8 en forme de plaque, disposés parallèlement l'un par rapport à l'autre et délimitant un logement 10 destiné à recevoir une poche. De préférence, les connecteurs C1, C2 sont disposés à l'extérieur du logement pour faciliter leur connexion.The device D1 comprises two heat exchange elements 8 in the form of a plate, arranged parallel to each other and delimiting a housing 10 intended to receive a pocket. Preferably, the connectors C1, C2 are arranged outside the housing to facilitate their connection.

Dans cet exemple, les éléments d'échange de chaleur 8 comportent chacun un canal 12 de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur destiné à apporter de la chaleur au fluide circulant dans la poche ou à extraire de la chaleur du fluide circulant dans la poche. Le fluide caloporteur est par exemple de l'eau, un fluide frigorigène de préférence qui n'affecte pas la couche d'ozone, ni participe à l'effet de serre, tel que le R1234yf, le R1234ze, ou le R1233zd, le CO2, certains hydrocarbure ou un mélange de ces fluides. De préférence, les canaux 12 serpentent dans les plaques 8.In this example, the heat exchange elements 8 each comprise a channel 12 for circulating a heat transfer fluid intended to provide heat to the fluid circulating in the pocket or to extract heat from the fluid circulating in the pocket. The heat transfer fluid is for example water, a refrigerant preferably which does not affect the ozone layer, nor contribute to the greenhouse effect, such as R1234yf, R1234ze, or R1233zd, CO 2 , certain hydrocarbons or a mixture of these fluids. Preferably, the channels 12 wind through the plates 8.

Les plaques 8 sont en un matériau bon conducteur thermique, par exemple en métal, tel que l'acier, avantageusement en acier inoxydable, en aluminium ou en cuivre.The plates 8 are made of a material that is a good thermal conductor, for example metal, such as steel, advantageously stainless steel, aluminum or copper.

Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 2, la poche 2 est déformée par le fluide sous pression circulant un l'intérieur de celle-ci, et la poche vient en appui contre la face intérieure des plaques d'échange thermique 8. Le contact entre la poche et les plaques est alors surfacique, ce qui assure une surface d'échange augmentée et un très bon transfert de chaleur entre le fluide et les plaques. L'épaisseur des feuilles de la poche est suffisamment faible pour limiter au minimum l'échange de chaleur. En outre le diamètre du canal est suffisamment faible pour permettre un échange thermique avec tout le fluide circulant dans le canal.As can be seen on the figure 2 , the pocket 2 is deformed by the pressurized fluid circulating inside it, and the pocket comes to rest against the interior face of the heat exchange plates 8. The contact between the pocket and the plates is then surface , which ensures an increased exchange surface and very good heat transfer between the fluid and the plates. The thickness of the pocket sheets is sufficiently low to limit heat exchange to a minimum. In addition, the diameter of the channel is sufficiently small to allow heat exchange with all the fluid circulating in the channel.

La largeur L du logement, i.e. la distance entre les deux faces intérieures des plaques, est adaptée à l'épaisseur maximale de la poche déformée de sorte que le canal vienne en contact avec les faces intérieures des plaques. La mise en oeuvre de poches souples déformables permet de s'adapter à la largeur du logement et d'assurer un contact important entre la poche et les éléments d'échange de chaleur.The width L of the housing, ie the distance between the two interior faces of the plates, is adapted to the maximum thickness of the deformed pocket so that the channel comes into contact with the interior faces of the plates. The use of deformable flexible pockets makes it possible to adapt to the width of the housing and to ensure significant contact between the pocket and the heat exchange elements.

Avantageusement les faces extérieures de la poche et/ou les faces intérieures des plaques peuvent être recouvertes d'un matériau améliorant le contact et le transfert thermique entre la poche et les plaques. Dans le cas d'un dispositif destiné à chauffer le fluide, un matériau type huile ou graisse peut être en oeuvre. Dans le cas d'un dispositif destiné au refroidissement du fluide, l'eau liquide se déposant par condensation sur les plaques peut être suffisante pour améliorer le contact thermique.Advantageously the exterior faces of the pocket and/or the interior faces of the plates can be covered with a material improving contact and thermal transfer between the pocket and the plates. In the case of a device intended to heat the fluid, an oil or grease type material may be used. In the case of a device intended for cooling the fluid, the liquid water deposited by condensation on the plates may be sufficient to improve thermal contact.

La mise en oeuvre de poches souples présente l'avantage de relâcher les contraintes de dimensionnement. En effet, il est aisé de dimensionner le canal de circulation du fluide à tempérer pour que, dans un état déformé, il entre en contact avec les plaques. Néanmoins il est à noter que la déformation est telle qu'on évite l'apparition de rides qui pourraient interrompre la circulation du fluide dans le canal.The use of flexible pockets has the advantage of relaxing sizing constraints. In fact, it is easy to dimension the circulation channel of the fluid to be tempered so that, in a deformed state, it comes into contact with the plates. However, it should be noted that the deformation is such that the appearance of wrinkles which could interrupt the circulation of the fluid in the canal is avoided.

De préférence, les parois extérieures 9 du dispositif sont isolées thermiquement pour limiter les pertes thermiques vers l'extérieur et optimiser les transferts de chaleur entre l'élément de circulation 2 et l'élément de transfert 8. Au moins une paroi permet un accès facile à la poche pour sa mise en place et son retrait.Preferably, the exterior walls 9 of the device are thermally insulated to limit thermal losses to the exterior and optimize heat transfers between the circulation element 2 and the transfer element 8. At least one wall allows easy access in the pocket for its installation and removal.

Dans l'exemple représenté, un fluide caloporteur circule dans les plaques. En variante, un moyen de chauffage électrique ou un moyen de refroidissement électrique type Peltier est intégré dans les plaques.In the example shown, a heat transfer fluid circulates in the plates. Alternatively, an electric heating means or a Peltier type electric cooling means is integrated into the plates.

En variante encore, le ou les éléments de transfert de chaleur peuvent combiner à la fois un ou des canaux de circulation d'un caloporteur et des moyens électriques de chauffage ou de refroidissement.As a further variant, the heat transfer element(s) may combine both one or more heat transfer channel(s) and electrical heating or cooling means.

En outre dans l'exemple représenté, le fluide caloporteur circule dans les deux parois latérales du logement 10. En variante, il circule dans une seule paroi et l'autre paroi est isolée thermiquement. En variante encore la poche est immergée dans le fluide caloporteur ; de préférence la poche est rigide comme cela sera décrit ci-dessous.Furthermore, in the example shown, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the two side walls of the housing 10. Alternatively, it circulates in a single wall and the other wall is thermally insulated. As another variant, the bag is immersed in the heat transfer fluid; preferably the pocket is rigid as will be described below.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif d'échange thermique de la figure 2 va maintenant être décrit. On considère que l'on souhaite refroidir le fluide. Sur la figure 4, on peut voir une représentation schématique d'un système d'échange thermique comportant le dispositif D1.The operation of the heat exchange device of the figure 2 will now be described. We consider that we want to cool the fluid. On the Figure 4 , we can see a schematic representation of a heat exchange system comprising the device D1.

La poche 2 est disposée dans le logement 10, le connecteur d'entrée C1 est connecté à une alimentation du fluide sous pression S et le connecteur de sortie C2 à une évacuation, par exemple à un robinet R.The pocket 2 is arranged in the housing 10, the inlet connector C1 is connected to a supply of the pressurized fluid S and the outlet connector C2 to an evacuation, for example to a tap R.

En amont du dispositif D1, le fluide peut être mis sous pression au moyen d'un gaz mis en charge gravitaire ou un fluide pousseur, par exemple de l'eau de ville. En aval, la pression peut être maintenue par une perte de charge, par exemple par un robinet R ou une vanne ou en déversant le fluide dans un réceptacle sous pression.Upstream of device D1, the fluid can be pressurized by means of a gas charged with gravity or a pushing fluid, for example tap water. Downstream, the pressure can be maintained by a pressure drop, for example by a tap R or a valve or by discharging the fluid into a pressure receptacle.

Sous l'effet du fluide sous pression circulant dans le canal 4, la poche 2 se déforme dans une direction normale à sa surface et les parois du canal de circulation 4 entrent en contact avec les plaques 8. Un caloporteur froid circule dans les plaques 8. La chaleur du fluide circulant dans le canal est extraite par le caloporteur circulant dans les plaques 8. La température du caloporteur froid est inférieure à la température d'entrée du fluide circulant dans la poche. Les flèches désignent le sens de circulation du fluide.Under the effect of the pressurized fluid circulating in channel 4, pocket 2 deforms in a direction normal to its surface and the walls of circulation channel 4 come into contact with plates 8. A cold heat transfer medium circulates in plates 8 The heat from the fluid circulating in the channel is extracted by the heat carrier circulating in the plates 8. The temperature of the cold heat carrier is lower than the entry temperature of the fluid circulating in the pocket. The arrows designate the direction of fluid circulation.

La température du fluide entre l'entrée du canal et la sortie du canal est alors abaissée. Le fonctionnement du dispositif pour chauffer un fluide est similaire au fonctionnement décrit ci-dessus mais un caloporteur, à une température supérieure à la température à laquelle on veut chauffer le fluide, circule dans les plaquesThe temperature of the fluid between the channel inlet and the channel outlet is then lowered. The operation of the device for heating a fluid is similar to the operation described above but a heat carrier, at a temperature higher than the temperature to which we want to heat the fluid, circulates in the plates

Par exemple dans une application au refroidissement de bière contenue dans un premier fût, le connecteur d'entrée est connecté au premier fût, le fût étant connecté à une source de CO2 sous pression. La bière circule dans la poche et sort refroidie au robinet de tirage. La poche peut être connectée à un deuxième fût lorsque le premier fût est vide.For example in an application for cooling beer contained in a first barrel, the inlet connector is connected to the first barrel, the barrel being connected to a source of CO 2 under pressure. The beer circulates in the bag and comes out cooled at the draft tap. The bag can be connected to a second barrel when the first barrel is empty.

A la fin de la période d'utilisation, la poche est purgée et est déconnectée du fût et du robinet de tirage, elle est retirée du logement 10 et est mis au rebuse ou envoyée dans un circuit de recyclage, éventuellement en vue d'un reremplissage. Elle est remplacée par une poche neuve. L'entretien du système de distribution de bière est alors sensiblement simplifié. En effet, le faible coût de la poche conjuguée à sa facilité de mise en place permettent de changer celle-ci avec une fréquence suffisante pour assurer la qualité sanitaire pour des fluides alimentaires ou maintenir des conditions d'échange satisfaisantes pour un fluide faisant des dépôts. L'invention permet de maintenir les conditions sanitaires adéquates dans l'échangeur par un changement de poche.At the end of the period of use, the bag is purged and is disconnected from the barrel and the drawing tap, it is removed from the housing 10 and is discarded or sent to a recycling circuit, possibly with a view to recycling. refilling. It is replaced by a new pocket. Maintenance of the beer distribution system is then significantly simplified. Indeed, the low cost of the bag combined with its ease of installation makes it possible to change it with sufficient frequency to ensure sanitary quality for food fluids or maintain satisfactory exchange conditions for a fluid making deposits. . The invention makes it possible to maintain adequate sanitary conditions in the exchanger by changing the bag.

A titre d'exemple, en utilisant une poche de forme rectangulaire de taille 21 cm × 29,4 cm dans laquelle un canal de quelques millimètres de diamètre et une longueur de 10 m de long environ, il est possible d'abaisser avec un caloporteur en 0°C et 2°C, la température d'un fluide de type eau de 25°C à une température de l'ordre de 2 °C à 4°C en une vingtaine de secondes pour un débit de 0,02 kg/s et en une dizaine de secondes pour un débit de 0, 05 kg/s.As an example, using a rectangular pocket of size 21 cm × 29.4 cm in which a channel of a few millimeters in diameter and a length of approximately 10 m long, it is possible to lower with a heat carrier in 0°C and 2°C, the temperature of a water-type fluid from 25°C to a temperature of around 2°C to 4°C in around twenty seconds for a flow rate of 0.02 kg /s and in around ten seconds for a flow rate of 0.05 kg/s.

Les performances des poches en fonction de leurs dimensions extérieures vont être présentées.The performance of the pockets according to their external dimensions will be presented.

On considère une poche en matériau polymère dont les parois ont une épaisseur de 20 µm, et comportant un canal dont la section sensiblement rectangulaire a une longueur comprise entre 2 mm et 4 mm et une largeur comprise entre 6 mm et 12 mm et ayant une longueur entre les deux extrémités 5 et 6 comprise entre 4 m et 9 m.We consider a pocket made of polymer material whose walls have a thickness of 20 µm, and comprising a channel whose substantially rectangular section has a length between 2 mm and 4 mm and a width between 6 mm and 12 mm and having a length between the two ends 5 and 6 between 4 m and 9 m.

Pour un débit de bière de 0,05 kg/s, des pertes de charge maximales à 700 mbar la poche a un format extérieur de l'ordre de 2,2 fois un format A4 standard, le format A4 étant un rectangle de 21 cm × 29,7 cm.For a beer flow of 0.05 kg/s, maximum pressure losses at 700 mbar, the bag has an external format of around 2.2 times a standard A4 format, the A4 format being a rectangle of 21 cm × 29.7 cm.

Pour un débit de bière de valeur nominale de 0,025 kg/s et pour une perte de charge maximale de 700 mbar, un format de poche de l'ordre de 1,3 fois le format A4 est suffisant.For a nominal beer flow of 0.025 kg/s and a maximum pressure loss of 700 mbar, a pocket format of around 1.3 times the A4 format is sufficient.

Dans le cas d'une poche rigide en acier, en considérant une section de canal de longueur comprise entre 3 mm et 4 mm et une largeur comprise entre 11 mm et 12 mm et un longueur entre les deux extrémités 5 et 6 entre 5 m à 6 m, on obtient pour une perte de charge plus faible, une poche de dimensions de l'ordre du A4 voire inférieures.In the case of a rigid steel pocket, considering a channel section of length between 3 mm and 4 mm and a width between 11 mm and 12 mm and a length between the two ends 5 and 6 between 5 m to 6 m, we obtain for a lower pressure loss, a pocket with dimensions of the order of A4 or even smaller.

A titre de comparaison, les poches selon l'invention permettent d'obtenir sensiblement les mêmes performances qu'un tube de section circulaire de diamètre compris entre 4 mm et 12 mm et de longueur comprise entre 6 m et 15m plongé dans un bain d'eau et de glycol à 20%.For comparison, the bags according to the invention make it possible to obtain substantially the same performances as a tube of circular section with a diameter of between 4 mm and 12 mm and a length of between 6 m and 15 m immersed in a bath of water and glycol at 20%.

Les conditions sont :

  • Abaissement de la température de la bière de 25°C à 4°C,
  • Pression de la bière 1 bar,
  • Température du fluide de refroidissement comprise entre 0 °C et 2°C,
  • Débit du caloporteur entre 0,5 kg/S et 2 kg/s,
  • Diamètre du canal de fluide caloporteur compris entre 10 mm et 15 mm,
  • Distante entre deux passes de tube de l'ordre du demi-diamètre du tube.
The conditions are:
  • Lowering the beer temperature from 25°C to 4°C,
  • Beer pressure 1 bar,
  • Cooling fluid temperature between 0°C and 2°C,
  • Heat transfer flow rate between 0.5 kg/S and 2 kg/s,
  • Diameter of the heat transfer fluid channel between 10 mm and 15 mm,
  • Distance between two tube passes of the order of half the diameter of the tube.

Sur la figure 3, le dispositif D2 comporte trois éléments d'échange de chaleur 8 et deux éléments de circulation de fluide 2, chaque élément de circulation de fluide 2 étant disposé entre deux éléments d'échange de chaleur 8. Un élément d'échange de chaleur 8 participe à la délimitation des deux logements 10. Les deux éléments de circulation 2 sont connectés en parallèle à la source d'alimentation et à l'utilisation, ce qui permet d'augmenter le débit de fluide dont la température est modifiée. Il sera compris que plus de deux éléments de circulation reçus chacun dans un logement peuvent être mis en oeuvre. En variante, les poches sont connectées en sortie chacune à une évacuation distincte par exemple à deux robinets.On the Figure 3 , the device D2 comprises three heat exchange elements 8 and two fluid circulation elements 2, each fluid circulation element 2 being arranged between two heat exchange elements 8. A heat exchange element 8 participates at the delimitation of the two housings 10. The two circulation elements 2 are connected in parallel to the power source and to the use, which makes it possible to increase the flow rate of fluid whose temperature is modified. It will be understood that more than two circulation elements each received in a dwelling can be implemented. Alternatively, the pockets are each connected at the outlet to a separate outlet, for example to two taps.

En variante, les deux éléments de circulation de fluide sont connectés en série, ce qui permet soit de faire varier la température du fluide de manière plus importante, soit d'augmenter le débit de fluide tempéré.Alternatively, the two fluid circulation elements are connected in series, which makes it possible either to vary the temperature of the fluid more significantly, or to increase the flow rate of tempered fluid.

Sur la figure 5, on peut voir un autre exemple de dispositif d'échange thermique D3 selon l'invention permettant un échange thermique entre deux poches.On the Figure 5 , we can see another example of a heat exchange device D3 according to the invention allowing heat exchange between two pockets.

Le dispositif comporte un élément d'échange thermique 14 en un matériau bon, voire très bon conducteur thermique, et deux éléments de circulation de fluide 2, 2' de part et d'autre de l'élément conducteur thermique 14. Chaque élément de circulation de fluide 2, 2' est connecté à une source de fluide à des températures différentes et à une évacuation différente. Ainsi, lors de la circulation des deux fluides dans les éléments d'échange thermique, ils échangent de la chaleur à travers l'élément d'échange thermique. Les fluides circulant dans les deux éléments de circulation de fluide 2et 2' peuvent être identiques ou différents.The device comprises a heat exchange element 14 made of a good, or even very good, thermal conductor material, and two fluid circulation elements 2, 2' on either side of the thermal conductor element 14. Each circulation element of fluid 2, 2' is connected to a source of fluid at different temperatures and to a different discharge. Thus, when the two fluids circulate in the heat exchange elements, they exchange heat through the heat exchange element. The fluids circulating in the two fluid circulation elements 2 and 2' may be identical or different.

De préférence, l'élément d'échange thermique est un métal, par exemple en cuivre, en aluminium ou en acier inoxydable. Pour de tels matériaux l'épaisseur de l'élément d'échange thermique peut être comprise entre 2 mm et 5 mm.Preferably, the heat exchange element is a metal, for example copper, aluminum or stainless steel. For such materials the thickness of the heat exchange element can be between 2 mm and 5 mm.

De préférence, le dispositif comporte deux logements 16 séparés par l'élément d'échange thermique. La largeur des logements est dimensionnée pour recevoir les deux poches 2, 2' et de sorte qu'une fois déformées par les fluides sous pression elles soient en contact intime avec l'élément d'échange thermique 14. Ainsi le transfert de chaleur est optimisé. De préférence, les parois extérieures 18 du dispositif sont isolées thermiquement pour limiter les pertes thermiques vers l'extérieur et optimiser les transferts de chaleur entre les deux éléments de circulation. La largeur des logements 16 est choisi pour assurer un contact important des poches contre l'élément d'échange thermique 14.Preferably, the device comprises two housings 16 separated by the heat exchange element. The width of the housing is sized to accommodate the two pockets 2, 2' and so that once deformed by the pressurized fluids they are in intimate contact with the heat exchange element 14. Thus the heat transfer is optimized. Preferably, the exterior walls 18 of the device are thermally insulated to limit thermal losses to the outside and optimize heat transfers between the two circulation elements. The width of the housings 16 is chosen to ensure significant contact of the pockets against the heat exchange element 14.

Le dispositif selon la figure 5 peut comporter plus d'un élément d'échange thermique 14 et plus de deux éléments de circulation du fluide. Par exemple, le dispositif comporte deux éléments d'échange thermique 14 et trois éléments de circulation de fluide. Par exemple, les fluides circulant dans les poches 2 situées aux extrémités sont les mêmes ou sont différents, et le fluide circulant dans la poche centrale 2' est à une température différente, celui-ci est alors chauffé ou refroidi par l'échange thermique avec les deux autres fluides à travers les éléments d'échange thermique 14.The device according to Figure 5 may include more than one heat exchange element 14 and more than two fluid circulation elements. For example, the device comprises two heat exchange elements 14 and three fluid circulation elements. For example, the fluids circulating in the pockets 2 located at the ends are the same or are different, and the fluid circulating in the central pocket 2' is at a different temperature, it is then heated or cooled by the heat exchange with the other two fluids through the heat exchange elements 14.

Il sera compris que l'orientation verticale sur les figures 2 à 5 n'est pas impérative et que les poches et les éléments d'échange thermique et de circulation de caloporteur peuvent présenter toute orientation par exemple une orientation horizontale.It will be understood that the vertical orientation on the figures 2 to 5 is not imperative and that the pockets and the heat exchange and heat transfer elements can have any orientation, for example a horizontal orientation.

Des poches de différentes dimensions peuvent être mises en oeuvre.Pockets of different dimensions can be used.

Dans un autre exemple de réalisation, l'élément de circulation de fluide amovible est un élément rigide, i.e. qui ne se déforme pas ou peu sous l'effet de la pression circulant dans celui-ci.In another embodiment, the removable fluid circulation element is a rigid element, i.e. which does not deform or only slightly under the effect of the pressure circulating therein.

Par exemple, l'élément de circulation de fluide est réalisé à partir de deux tôles en acier, avantageusement en acier inoxydable, embouties et brasées l'une à l'autre et délimitant entre elles le canal de circulation, les extrémités du canal comportent des connecteurs rapides, de manière similaire à la poche 2, ce qui permet la connexion et la déconnexion rapide de l'élément de circulation avec le circuit d'alimentation du fluide. Par exemple, les tôles en acier inoxydable ont une épaisseur de 200 µm.For example, the fluid circulation element is made from two steel sheets, advantageously made of stainless steel, stamped and brazed to one another and delimiting the circulation channel between them, the ends of the channel comprise quick connectors, in a manner similar to pocket 2, which allows the rapid connection and disconnection of the circulation element with the fluid supply circuit. For example, stainless steel sheets have a thickness of 200 µm.

Dans cet exemple, la distance entre les éléments d'échange thermique est choisie de sorte à permettre à l'élément de circulation d'être disposé entre les deux éléments d'échange thermique en contact avec eux.In this example, the distance between the heat exchange elements is chosen so as to allow the circulation element to be placed between the two heat exchange elements in contact with them.

L'élément de circulation est retiré du dispositif d'échange thermique et être plus facilement nettoyé à l'extérieur du dispositif, avant d'être remis en place. Il peut être envisagé de monter un élément de circulation propre pendant que l'élément de circulation est nettoyé ce qui permet de réduire le temps de non-utilisation du dispositif. L'invention s'applique au réchauffage ou refroidissement de denrée liquide pour la restauration ou dans un cadre domestique.The circulation element is removed from the heat exchange device and can be more easily cleaned outside the device, before being put back in place. It may be considered to mount a clean circulation element while the circulation element is cleaned, which makes it possible to reduce the time the device is not used. The invention applies to the heating or cooling of liquid foodstuffs for catering or in a domestic setting.

L'invention est particulièrement intéressante pour des lignes de production dans l'industrie alimentaire ou l'artisanat alimentaire ou autre qui nécessite un entretien des échangeurs de chaleurs pour maintenance sanitaire, du fait de dépôt ou de changement de fluide.The invention is particularly interesting for production lines in the food industry or food crafts or other industries which require maintenance of heat exchangers for sanitary maintenance, due to deposits or fluid changes.

En particulier l'invention peut être utilisée pour la restauration collective où de grandes quantités de fluide doivent être mises en température pour consommation, éventuellement de façon non programmée. Dans ce cas l'invention permet de conditionner de façon versatile différents fluides sans temps de chauffage ou de refroidissement préalable.In particular, the invention can be used for collective catering where large quantities of fluid must be brought to temperature for consumption, possibly in an unprogrammed manner. In this case, the invention makes it possible to package different fluids in a versatile manner without prior heating or cooling time.

L'invention peut être appliquée à d'autres fluides alimentaires ou non, par exemple elle être utilisée pour appliquer à des fluides un traitement thermique en vue d'une utilisation ultérieure. Par exemple, il peut être envisagé de chauffer des fluides contenant des cellules biologiques ou des produits chimiques réagissant sous l'effet de la chaleur. Il sera tenu compte de la variation de fluidité des liquides après transformation et leur comptabilité avec le matériau de la poche.The invention can be applied to other food fluids or not, for example it can be used to apply heat treatment to fluids for subsequent use. For example, it can be envisaged to heat fluids containing biological cells or chemicals reacting under the effect of heat. The variation in fluidity of the liquids after transformation and their compatibility with the material of the bag will be taken into account.

L'invention permet de s'affranchir des opérations de nettoyage d'échangeurs qui sont longues, peuvent nécessiter des produits chimiques de type acide ou base qui peuvent être polluants et coûteux. Ces opérations en outre nécessitent une maîtrise qui est évitée grâce à l'invention.The invention makes it possible to avoid exchanger cleaning operations which are long and may require chemical products of the acid or base type which can be polluting and expensive. These operations also require control which is avoided thanks to the invention.

Claims (17)

  1. A heat exchange device for modifying temperature of at least a first fluid, including at least one heat transfer element (8, 14) and at least one first-fluid circulation element (2) configured to be in contact with the heat transfer element (8, 14), the first-fluid circulation element including a first-fluid circulation channel (4) between an inlet (5) and an outlet (6), at least one wall of which is to be in contact with the heat transfer element,
    characterised in that
    said circulation element (2) is removably mounted in the heat exchange device, and the inlet (5) of the channel includes a first connector configured to connect the first-fluid circulation element to a first circuit connected to a first-fluid source and the outlet of the channel including a second connector configured to connect the first-fluid circulation element to a second circuit connected to means for using the first fluid, so that the first-fluid circulation element is removable.
  2. The heat exchange device according to claim 1, wherein the first-fluid circulation element (2) is made of a flexible material delimiting the first-fluid circulation channel (4) between the inlet (5) and the outlet (6), said first-fluid circulation element (2) being configured to deform when the first fluid circulates under pressure in the circulation channel (4) and to come into contact with the at least one heat transfer element (8, 14), so that the first fluid exchanges heat with the heat transfer element (8, 14) through the flexible material.
  3. The heat exchange device according to claim 2, wherein the first-fluid circulation element (2) includes two superimposed sheets, each of the sheets being of polymer, metal or a polymer-metal composite material, and wherein the circulation channel (4) is formed by welds between both sheets.
  4. The heat exchange device according to claim 3, wherein the polymer is polyethylene and the metal is aluminium.
  5. The heat exchange device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat transfer element (8) includes at least one coolant circulation channel (12).
  6. The heat exchange device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat transfer element (8) includes electrical heating means.
  7. The heat exchange device according to one of claims 1 to 6, including at least two heat transfer elements (8) delimiting between them a housing (10) configured to receive the first-fluid circulation element (2).
  8. The heat exchange device according to claim 7 in combination with claim 2, wherein the spacing between both heat transfer elements (8) is such that the first-fluid circulation element (2) in its deformed state is in contact with both heat transfer elements (8).
  9. The heat exchange device according to claim 7 or 8, including several first-fluid circulation elements (2) configured to be supplied in parallel or in series and several housings (10), each receiving a first-fluid circulation element (2).
  10. The heat exchange device according to one of claims 1 to 6, including at least one second-fluid circulation element (2') disposed on the opposite side of the heat transfer element (14) to the first-fluid circulation element (2) so that there is heat transfer between the first fluid and the second fluid.
  11. The heat exchange device according to claim 10, wherein the second-fluid circulation element (2') is made of a flexible material delimiting a second-fluid circulation channel between an inlet and an outlet, said second-fluid circulation element (2') being configured to deform when the second fluid circulates under pressure in the second-fluid circulation channel.
  12. The heat exchange device according to one of claims 1 to 11, including thermally insulating external walls (9, 18).
  13. A system for modifying temperature of at least a first fluid, including at least one heat exchange device according to claim 7, 8 or 9, a first-pressurised-fluid source (S) at a first temperature connected to the inlet of a first-fluid circulation element, a coolant source connected to a heat transfer element, and means (R) for using the first fluid at a second temperature different from the first temperature.
  14. The system according to the preceding claim forming a system for dispensing beer on demand, the first fluid being beer.
  15. A system for modifying temperature of at least a first fluid, including at least one heat exchange device according to claim 10 or 11, including a first-pressurised-fluid source connected to the first-fluid circulation element and a second-pressurised-fluid source connected to the second-fluid circulation element.
  16. A method for using a system according to claim 13 or 14 including:
    - installing a first-fluid circulation element (2) between two heat transfer elements (8),
    - connecting the first-fluid circulation element (2) to the first-pressurised-fluid supply source (S) and to the means (R) for using the first fluid at the second temperature,
    - taking the first fluid at the second temperature after the first fluid has circulated in the first-fluid circulation element,
    - disconnecting and removing the first-fluid circulation element (2),
    - connecting a new first-fluid circulation element (2) to the first-fluid supply source (S) and to the means (R) for using the first fluid.
  17. A method for using a system according to claim 15 including:
    - installing a first-fluid circulation element (2) and a second-fluid circulation element (2') on either side of the heat transfer element (14),
    - connecting the first-fluid circulation element (2) to the first-pressurised-fluid supply source and to the means for using the first fluid at the second temperature, and connecting the second-fluid circulation element (2') to the second-pressurised-fluid supply source and to the means for using the second fluid,
    - taking the first fluid at the second temperature after the first fluid has circulated in the first-fluid circulation element (2),
    - disconnecting the first-fluid circulation element (2) and/or the second-fluid circulation element (2') and removing either or both of them,
    - connecting a new first-fluid circulation element (2) to the first-fluid supply source and to the means for using the first fluid, and/or connecting a new second-fluid circulation element (2') to the second-fluid supply source and to the means for using the second fluid.
EP22169975.4A 2021-05-06 2022-04-26 Low maintenance heat exchange device Active EP4086555B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2104807A FR3122726B1 (en) 2021-05-06 2021-05-06 LOW MAINTENANCE HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4086555A1 EP4086555A1 (en) 2022-11-09
EP4086555B1 true EP4086555B1 (en) 2024-01-03

Family

ID=76034895

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22169975.4A Active EP4086555B1 (en) 2021-05-06 2022-04-26 Low maintenance heat exchange device

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP4086555B1 (en)
FR (1) FR3122726B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AUPP502698A0 (en) * 1998-08-04 1998-08-27 Andale Repetition Engineering Pty. Limited Beverage chiller
GB0603365D0 (en) * 2006-02-21 2006-03-29 Imi Cornelius Uk Ltd Beverage cooling
WO2011038891A2 (en) * 2009-09-29 2011-04-07 Geoclimadesign Ag Thermal storage device
DE112011103339T5 (en) * 2010-10-04 2013-08-01 Dana Canada Corp. Compliant fluid cooled heat exchanger for batteries
FR3048496B1 (en) * 2016-03-01 2018-03-30 Valeo Systemes Thermiques HEAT EXCHANGER WITH FLEXIBLE WALL FOR THE THERMAL MANAGEMENT OF AN ELECTRIC BATTERY

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FR3122726A1 (en) 2022-11-11
FR3122726B1 (en) 2023-05-26
EP4086555A1 (en) 2022-11-09

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