EP4085284A1 - Dispositif avec vitrage et camera thermique associee et procedes d'optimisation - Google Patents
Dispositif avec vitrage et camera thermique associee et procedes d'optimisationInfo
- Publication number
- EP4085284A1 EP4085284A1 EP20851227.7A EP20851227A EP4085284A1 EP 4085284 A1 EP4085284 A1 EP 4085284A1 EP 20851227 A EP20851227 A EP 20851227A EP 4085284 A1 EP4085284 A1 EP 4085284A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- insert
- math
- glazing
- camera
- face
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/30—Transforming light or analogous information into electric information
- H04N5/33—Transforming infrared radiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10293—Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10743—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing acrylate (co)polymers or salts thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
- B60J1/02—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor arranged at the vehicle front, e.g. structure of the glazing, mounting of the glazing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R11/04—Mounting of cameras operative during drive; Arrangement of controls thereof relative to the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D25/00—Window arrangements peculiar to rail vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/10—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R2011/0001—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position
- B60R2011/0003—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position inside the vehicle
- B60R2011/0026—Windows, e.g. windscreen
Definitions
- TITLE DEVICE WITH GLASS AND ASSOCIATED THERMAL CAMERA AND OPTIMIZATION PROCESSES
- the invention relates to a device combining glazing, in particular a windshield, in a motor vehicle, train or airplane, and said thermal camera for such viewing of information on a glazing.
- patent GB2271139 proposes a windshield comprising a laminated glazing with, in a central part and close to the upper longitudinal edge, an opening filled by an insert made of a material highly transparent to thermal infrared, more precisely zinc sulphide (ZnS) transmission of at least 50% from 5 to 15 ⁇ m.
- ZnS zinc sulphide
- a dedicated camera coupled to a screen visible to the driver is in the passenger compartment in front of the insert.
- the hole is circular and the insert is a disc glued to the walls of the hole.
- the hole is made before the windshield glass is autoclaved.
- the object or person detection performance of such a device can be improved.
- the present invention relates to a device which comprises:
- - vehicle glazing in particular laminated and / or curved
- in particular automobile car, truck, public transport: bus, coach, etc.
- rail in particular at maximum speed of at most 90 km / h or at most 70km / h, in particular subways, tramways
- windshield rear window, side glazing, of a given thickness E1 (subcentimetric in particular at most 5mm for an automobile windshield)
- glazing having a main face exterior (called F1) oriented towards the outside and a main (most) internal face on the passenger compartment side (called F4 if laminated glazing or called F2)
- glazing comprising, in a peripheral zone preferably in the upper part of the glazing (preferably in upper longitudinal edge in particular in a central region of the upper part), a through hole between the internal face and the external face, hole delimited by a side wall of the glazing, in particular through hole forming a peripheral notch or closed hole (surrounded by the wall ), in particular the hole of constant diameter or a larger diameter on the inner face than on the front outside), in particular of conve
- an insert flat or curved, with an outer face F1, or also with an inner face protruding, F2 or respectively F4 if laminated glazing
- an insert made of transparent material in a range A of wavelengths in the spectrum infrared beyond 2.5 ⁇ m, ranging at least from 9.5 to 10.5 ⁇ m and preferably from 8 to 12 ⁇ m, the insert being of given thickness e, in particular from 3 to 10mm, made of material of index of refraction n in the range A, in particular from 1.35 to 4.5 with an entry face facing the passenger compartment (flush with or set back from the internal face and an exit face (flush or set back from the external face), l 'insert, preferably being of circular or quasi-circular shape, the entry face being inscribed in a rectangle or square of width Wi and height Di with aspect ratio Di / Wi of at least 0.8 or 0.9 and at most 1.1 or 1, 2, preferably Di> Wi, with Di of at most 35mm, in particular of at least 5mm or 8mm,
- thermal camera arranged on the internal face side so as to receive electromagnetic radiation after passing through said insert, thermal camera comprising an entrance pupil, in particular circular, with a height p, (generally diameter) and an infrared detection system in the range A for example by microbolometry, in particular without cryogenic cooling and an objective, the camera being defined by:
- ⁇ of at least 10 ° or 20 ° and in particular of at most 70 ° or 60 °.
- the camera has a given volume defined by a contact point T (a corner / upper front plane of the lens / front or rear of the lens) capable of first touching the glazing, or a plate on the internal face of the lens. glazing, or the insert, or a part in the peripheral environment of said glazing, in the mounted position in a vehicle.
- T a corner / upper front plane of the lens / front or rear of the lens
- T being in a PO plane passing through O and C where we define Tv said virtual contact point being the projection of T in said PO plane, w being the distance along X and algebraically in the PO plane of T or Tv and h is the distance along Y in the plane PO between C and T or Tv.
- the entry face of the insert has an inclination defined by an angle ⁇ with respect to X.
- Dt1 and Dt2 are secant in CO (xco, yco) with [Math 3]
- Dt2 and Dt3 are secant in
- each of these constraints defines the three lines Dt1, Dt2, Dt3 in the cases where the three constraints can be respected these three lines define a triangle in the vertical plane. We want the center of the camera pupil to be in this triangle.
- Preferred is infrared detection with maximum sensitivity in range A and even low sensitivity beyond 15 or 14 ⁇ m and below 7 or 6 ⁇ m.
- thermal camera As an example of a thermal camera, mention may be made of the product Atom®1024 from the company Lynred USA.
- - ⁇ is at least 20 ° and in particular at most 50 °
- - h goes from 1mm to 2cm.
- yc ⁇ 10mm and / or lxcl ⁇ 5cm.
- the range A is from 9.5 ⁇ m to 10.5 ⁇ m, preferably 8 to 12 ⁇ m or 13 ⁇ m, preferably with a light transmission of at least 50% and better still of at least 60%, 65% or 70% in this beach A
- insert and the side wall, means for fixing the insert (and also preferably sealing against liquid or even gaseous water), in particular in the form of a ring made of polymer material.
- the material of the insert may be germanium or ZnS (conventional).
- the material of the insert can be transparent in the visible at a reference wavelength between 500nm and 600nm and even from 540 or 550nm to 600nm, better in a range B of 550 to 600nm, preferably with a light transmission of at least 25% and better still at least 30% or more preferably 40%, 60% in range B.
- the material of the insert according to the invention can be transparent in the visible area, which allows:
- the optical system (with a so-called thermal camera sensitive in the reference wavelength)
- Light transmission is measured for the reference wavelength or better for range B with a spectrophotometer such as the Perkin Elmer Lambda-35.
- the light transmission can be measured according to the ISO 9050: 2003 standard using the illuminant D65, and be the total transmission (in particular integrated in the visible range and weighted by the sensitivity curve of the human eye), taking into account both of the direct transmission and of the possible diffuse transmission, the measurement being made for example using a spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere, the measurement at a given thickness then being converted if necessary to the reference thickness of 4mm according to ISO 9050: 2003.
- Infrared optical transmission is measured for range A by a Fourier spectrometer such as the BrukerVertex-70.
- the material of the insert has:
- the insert is, for example, colorless or tinted (while remaining transparent), in particular yellow, orange.
- the insert material can be polished (outside and inside).
- the material of the insert according to the invention is chosen from a material (preferably polycrystalline), in particular obtained by chemical vapor deposition) following:
- the material of the insert is chosen from:
- a compound comprising a multispectral zinc sulphide in particular obtained after hot isostatic pressing (treatment by an isostatic press at a temperature preferably of at least 800 ° C), in particular including selenium, such as ZnS x Se 1 - x with x preferably at least 0.97 more preferably at least 0.99 and more preferably at least 0.998
- Zinc sulfide with multispectral grade is a recent material. It can be polycrystalline and obtained by implementing (in particular after formation by chemical vapor deposition CVD from zinc vapor and H 2 S gas) hot isostatic pressing (HIP in English).
- Transmission of multispectral zinc sulfide can be broad spectrum with flat spectrum.
- the transmission is in particular greater than 60% from 0.5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the refractive index of multispectral ZnS is, for example, between 2, 1 and 2.3 in the range A and in the visible range between 2.3 and 2.6.
- Multispectral and preferably polycrystalline zinc sulfide is advantageous in view of its combination of optical, mechanical and chemical resistance properties.
- Mention may be made of the multispectral ZnS product sold by the company II-VI or Crystaltechno Ltd. Mention may be made, as sellers of polycrystalline zinc selenide, of the companies Hellma, II-VI or Crystaltechno Ltd.
- the insert comprising an outer face and an inner face, it comprises a mechanical and / or chemical protection layer on the outer face and possibly on the inner face.
- the mechanical and / or chemical protective layer (preferably a coating - monolayer or multilayer -) can be chosen from at least one of the following layers:
- ZnS zinc sulphide
- a diamond layer preferably amorphous for its properties of adhesion to the crystal of the insert, in particular with a thickness of at least 10nm or 20nm and preferably from 50nm to 300nm and even at most 100nm,
- a DLC layer for “diamond like carbon” in English, that is to say a layer based on carbon of the diamond type, preferably amorphous, in particular with a thickness of at least 10 nm or 20 nm and preferably 50 nm at 300nm and even at most 100nm.
- Adding a sufficiently thin layer of ZnS over ZnSe does not degrade transmission and guarantees erosion resistance similar to massive ZnS.
- An example of a product is TUFTRAN TM from Rohm & Haas.
- the material such as ZnS x Se 1-x can be coated with a layer of ZnS to protect it against acids and other specific solvents such as methanol etc.
- ZnS As an alternative to ZnS, it is therefore possible to deposit, for example by chemical phase deposition (in particular PECVD) or vapor phase deposition (PVD), a diamond layer (or a DLC layer) without degrading the transmission and ensuring further erosion resistance. bigger.
- chemical phase deposition in particular PECVD
- PVD vapor phase deposition
- An example of manufacture is described in the publication of Osipkov et al. IOP conf. Ser. Material Science and Engineering 74 (2015) 012013.
- the insert can therefore be coated with a functional overlay (anti-scratch, anti-fog, etc.) with a different refractive index n is the index of the material of the dominant thickness.
- the insert can be flat with parallel inside and outside sides of at most 2.
- the inner face of the insert can be flush with the inner face of the glazing or be set back by up to 5mm.
- Sir the inside face of the glazing can be glued to a plate, in particular of thickness 1 to 3mm, and even 1.5 to 2.5mm.
- plastic for example polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA66), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and their ABS-PC alloys, polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile styrene acrylate ASA, based on formaldehyde polymer (polyoxymethylene POM), polybrominated terphenyl (PBT), preferably glass fiber filled for even more resistance, in particular PA66 GF30 (30% glass fibers)
- PC polycarbonate
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- PE polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- PA66 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
- ABS-PC alloys polystyrene
- PS acrylonitrile styrene
- This plate can be used to fix the thermal camera and / or a box. It can be drilled to the right of said through hole
- a visible camera and / a Lidar or any other sensor can also carry functional elements such as a visible camera and / a Lidar or any other sensor (rain, light, etc.). It has as many holes as necessary for the sensor (s) (hole for visible camera, for LIDAR, etc.)
- the glazing according to the invention can be a laminated glazing, in particular a vehicle windshield (road, automobile in particular), in particular curved, comprising a first sheet of glass with said internal main face called F1 and an opposite main face (called F2) and a second sheet of glass with said external main face called F4 on the inside of the passenger compartment (and the opposite main face F3), the first and second sheets of glass being linked by a lamination interlayer, in particular acoustic and / or tinted, in a particularly organic polymer material (in particular thermoplastic).
- a lamination interlayer in particular acoustic and / or tinted
- laminated glazing comprises:
- first sheet of glass optionally clear, extraclar or tinted in particular gray or green, preferably curved, forming exterior glazing, with first and second main faces respectively called face F1 and face F2, if a motor vehicle preferably of thickness d '' at most 2.5mm, even at most 2mm - in particular 1, 9mm, 1, 8mm, 1, 6mm and 1, 4mm - or even at most 1, 3mm or at most 1mm
- a lamination interlayer optionally clear, extraclear or tinted, in particular gray or green, made of a polymeric material, preferably thermoplastic and better still of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), preferably if a motor vehicle has a thickness of at most 1.8 mm, better still '' at most 1.2mm and even at most 0.9mm (and better still at least 0.3mm and even at least 0.6mm), in particular set back from the edge of the first glazing by at most 2mm and set back from the edge of a second glazing by at most 2mm, the lamination interlayer possibly having a cross section decreasing in a wedge shape from the top to the bottom of the laminated glazing (in particular a windshield),
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- a second glazing in mineral glass, preferably curved and preferably clear or extra-clear or even tinted, forming interior glazing, with third and fourth main faces, if a motor vehicle preferably has a thickness less than that of the first glazing, even d 'at most 2mm - in particular 1, 9mm, 1, 8mm, 1.6mm and 1, 4mm - or even at most 1.3mm or at most 1mm, the thickness of the first and second glazing preferably being strictly less than 4mm, even at 3.7mm.
- the interior and / or exterior glass can be neutral (without coloring), or (slightly) tinted, in particular gray or green, such as TSA glass from Saint-Gobain Glass.
- the interior and / or exterior glass may have undergone a chemical or heat treatment of the hardening, annealing or tempering type (for better mechanical resistance in particular) or be semi-tempered.
- the interlayer may of course comprise several sheets of thermoplastic material of different natures, for example of different hardnesses to ensure an acoustic function, as for example described in the publication US Pat. No. 6,132,882, in particular a set of PVB sheets of different hardnesses.
- one of the glass sheets can be thinned with respect to the thicknesses conventionally used.
- the interlayer may according to the invention have a wedge shape, in particular with a view to a HUD (Head Up Display) application.
- one of the sheets of the interlayer can be dyed in the mass.
- plasticizer-free thermoplastic such as ethylene / vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, an ionomer resin.
- EVA ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer
- ionomer resin an ionomer resin.
- the lamination interlayer can comprise another functional plastic film (transparent, clear or tinted), for example a poly (ethylene terephthalate) PET film carrying an athermic, electrically conductive layer, etc., for example, we have PVB / functional film / PVB between the faces F2 and F3.
- a functional plastic film transparent, clear or tinted
- a poly (ethylene terephthalate) PET film carrying an athermic, electrically conductive layer, etc., for example, we have PVB / functional film / PVB between the faces F2 and F3.
- the transparent plastic film can be between 10 and 100 ⁇ m thick.
- the transparent plastic film can be more widely made of polyamide, polyester, polyolefin (PE: polyethylene, PP: polypropylene), polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate ( PC).
- a clear film of coated PET for example XI R from the company Eastman
- a coextruded film of PET-PMMA for example of the SRF 3M® type
- many other films for example of PC, PE, PEN, PMMA, PVC
- the laminated glazing may also include a reflective or absorbent layer.
- solar radiation preferably on the face F4 or on the face F2 or F3, in particular an electro-conductive transparent oxide layer called the TCO layer (on the face F4) or even a stack of thin layers comprising at least one TCO layer, or stacks of thin layers comprising at least one silver layer (in F2 or F3), the or each silver layer being disposed between dielectric layers.
- the TCO layer (of an electrically conductive transparent oxide) is preferably a layer of tin oxide doped with fluorine (SnO 2: F) or a layer of mixed oxide of tin and indium (ITO).
- the glazing is preferably a windshield of a road vehicle (automobile) or even a rail vehicle (at moderate speed).
- the glazing according to the invention may comprise at least a first sheet of glass comprising on a main face an opaque layer (masking) in particular an enamel (black, etc.) at the edge of the through hole (so as to mask the camera (s) for example. ).
- the laminated glazing according to the invention may comprise a first sheet of glass comprising on a main face (for example the face F2) an opaque layer (masking) in particular an enamel (black, etc.) at the edge of the through hole (so as to mask the camera (s) for example) and / or a second sheet of glass comprising on a main face (for example the face F3 or F4) an opaque layer (of masking) in particular an enamel (black, etc.) at the edge of the through hole (of so as to hide the camera (s) for example).
- a first sheet of glass comprising on a main face (for example the face F2) an opaque layer (masking) in particular an enamel (black, etc.) at the edge of the through hole (so as to mask the camera (s) for example)
- a second sheet of glass comprising on a main face (for example the face F3 or F4) an opaque layer (of masking) in particular an enamel (black, etc.) at the edge of the through hole (of so as to hide the camera (s
- the invention further relates to a vehicle, in particular autonomous or semi-autonomous, incorporating said device as defined above.
- the invention also relates to an optimization method for forming the device as defined above in which for a camera with given Q, p (or even an inclination ⁇ of X 'with respect to the imposed or adjustable horizontal), one determines the smallest possible insert height D min (with n and / or e possibly imposed or adjustable), preferably at most 20mm or 15mm (if possible), satisfying case a) and the height of insert Di ⁇ D min so that (yF-yco) 3 0.5p / 2 (50% of the pupil in the triangle), and preferably (100% of the pupil in the triangle).
- the invention also relates to an optimization method for forming the device as defined above in which, for a given insert height Di (with n and / or e optionally imposed or adjustable), for a camera with given p (or even an inclination ⁇ 'of X' to the horizontal imposed or adjustable), we determine a 0min as low as possible and preferably at most 40 °, 35 ° (if possible) satisfying the case a) and we choose 030min so that and preferably
- the invention finally relates to an optimization method for forming the device as defined above in which for a given insert height Di (with n and / or e optionally imposed or adjustable) and for a camera with 0 and (/ or ) p given (or even an inclination ⁇ 'of X' to the horizontal imposed or adjustable) we determine the lowest possible h min satisfying case a) and we choose h 3 h ⁇ h min so that and preferably
- Figure 1 schematically shows a vehicle with a device 100 comprising a windshield with an insert and a thermal camera in the passenger compartment, it is a partial sectional view in a plane PO passing through the center C of the pupil of the camera and a center O of the insert.
- Figure 2 schematically represents the insert and the thermal camera of figure 1 with the parameters (coordinates etc.) influencing the optimized positioning of the camera, it is a partial sectional view in a plane PO passing through the center C of the pupil of the camera and a center O of the insert.
- FIG. 3 diagrammatically represents the insert and the thermal camera of FIG. 1 with exemplified parameters (example 1) influencing the optimized positioning of the camera, it is a partial sectional view in a plane PO passing through the center C of the pupil of the camera and a center O of the insert.
- FIGS. 3 'and 3 represent diagrams of the illumination of the infrared sensor of the thermal camera, in gray level for example 1 and a counterexample 1'.
- FIG. 4 schematically represents the insert and the thermal camera of FIG. 1 with exemplified parameters (example 2) influencing the optimized positioning of the camera, it is a partial sectional view in a plane PO passing through the center C of the pupil of the camera and a center O of the insert.
- Figure 4 shows a diagram of the illumination of the infrared sensor of the thermal camera, in gray level for example 2.
- FIG. 5 diagrammatically represents the insert and the thermal camera of FIG. 1 with exemplified parameters (example 3) influencing the optimized positioning of the camera, it is a partial sectional view in a plane PO passing through the center C of the pupil of the camera and a center O of the insert.
- Figure 5 shows a diagram of the illumination of the infrared sensor of the thermal camera, in gray level for example 3.
- Figures 6a and 6b respectively show the variation of the ordinate y and the negative abscissa x of the points CO, E, F as a function of Q for case a) and case b).
- Figures 7a and 7b respectively represent the variation of the ordinate y and the negative abscissa x of the points CO, E, F as a function of Di for case a) and case b).
- Figures 8a and 8b respectively represent the variation of the ordinate y and the negative abscissa x of the points CO, E, F as a function of a for case a) and case b).
- Figures 9a and 9b respectively show the variation of the ordinate y and the negative abscissa x of the points CO, E, F as a function of h for case a) and case b).
- Figures 10a and 10b respectively show the variation of the y-coordinate and the negative x-coordinate of the points CO, E, F as a function of n for case a).
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a windshield 100 according to the invention, in section with a thermal camera 9 placed behind the windshield facing a zone which is preferably situated in the central and upper part of the windshield.
- the camera can be oriented at a certain angle to the horizontal.
- the camera is horizontal.
- the objective and the infrared sensor are oriented directly towards the image capture zone, in a direction parallel to the ground.
- the windshield is a classic laminated glazing comprising:
- an outer sheet of glass 1 preferably tinted, for example TSA glass and 2.1 mm thick, with outer face F1 and inner face F2
- an internal glass sheet 1 ' (or as a variant a plastic sheet) for example TSA glass (or clear or extraclear) and 2.1mm thick or even 1.6mm or even less, with face exterior F3 and interior F4 on the passenger compartment side
- thermoplastic material 3 most often of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) preferably clear, of submillimeter thickness optionally having a cross section decreasing in wedge shape of the top to bottom of the laminated glazing, for example a PVB (RC41 from Solutia or Eastman) approximately 0.76mm thick or alternatively if necessary an acoustic PVB (three-layer or four-layer) for example approximately 0.81mm thick , for example interlayer in three PVB sheets.
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- the windshield is obtained by hot lamination of the elements 1, 1 'and 3.
- the windshield 100 comprises on the outer face 11 for example (or preferably in F2 12 and / or on the face F3 13 or F4 14) preferably an opaque coating, for example black 6, such as a layer of enamel or black lacquer, over the entire surface of the glazing placed opposite the device incorporating the thermal camera (therefore all around the perimeter of the hole), including its housing 8 (plastic, metal, etc.), so as to hide it.
- the housing 8 can be fixed to a plate 7 glued to the face F4 by an adhesive 80 and to the roof 9.
- the opaque layer 6 can extend beyond the area with the insert.
- the (lateral) extension of the opaque layer forming a band at the upper edge of the through-hole so that the windshield has an opaque band (black) along the upper longitudinal edge or even an opaque frame (black) over the entire periphery.
- the windshield in the peripheral zone facing the camera, the windshield comprises a through hole 4 between the internal face 11 and the external face 14, a hole delimited by a side wall 10 of the laminated glazing ( glass 1 / PVB 3 / glass 1 '), said through hole comprising: - an insert 2 made of transparent material in a range A of wavelengths in the infrared which goes at least from 9.5 to 10.5 ⁇ m and preferably from 8 to 12 ⁇ m, the insert being of given thickness e,
- the insert fixing means in particular in the form of a ring 5 made of flexible material, polymer, the fixing means being in particular glued to the side wall.
- the material of the insert 2 is also transparent in the visible at a reference wavelength between 500nm and 600nm
- the material of the insert 2 has an infrared transmission of at least 50% and better still of at least 65% in said range A and a light transmission of at least 30% and better still of at least 40% along the length. of reference wave and better still in the range B.
- the material of the insert 2, preferably polycrystalline, is chosen from:
- a compound comprising a multispectral zinc sulphide in particular obtained after hot isostatic pressing, in particular including selenium, such as ZnS x Se 1.x with x preferably at least 0.97, in particular multispectral ZnS
- ZnSe zinc selenide
- sulfur such as ZnS x Se 1.x with y of at least 0.97
- a compound comprising a barium fluoride in particular including calcium and / or strontium, in particular with i and j preferably at most 0.25 or alternatively with i preferably at most 0.25, in particular BaF 2 .
- the insert 2 has an outer face 21 and an inner face 22 and here it preferably comprises a mechanical and / or chemical protection layer 2 'on the outer face and possibly on the inner face. It is a coating chosen from a layer comprising a zinc sulfide, a diamond layer or a DLC layer.
- the through-hole 4 can alternatively be a notch therefore a through-hole preferably opening on the roof side.
- the through hole (and insert) may be in another region of the windshield or even in other glazing of the vehicle.
- the glazing of the vehicle can be monolithic.
- the insert is of a given thickness e, in particular from 3 to 10mm, made of a material of refractive index n in the range A, in particular from 1.35 to 4.5.
- the insert is preferably of circular or quasi-circular shape, the entry face being inscribed in a rectangle or square of width Wi and height Di with aspect ratio Di / Wi of at least 0.8 and at plus 1, 1, with Di> Wi, defining a center O which is the intersection of the diagonals of said rectangle.
- the so-called thermal camera 9 comprises a circular entrance pupil 91, with a height p i (diameter generally) and an infrared detection system in the range A and an objective, the camera being defined by:
- the camera has a given volume defined by a contact point T (a corner / upper front plane of the lens / front or rear of the lens) able to first touch here a plastic plate 7 on the internal face of the camera. glazing for example of 1.5mm perforated to the right of the through hole 4. This plate can be used to fix the camera 9.
- T is in a PO plane passing through O and C (where we define Tv called virtual contact point being the projection of T in said PO plane), w is the distance along X algebraically in the PO plane of T or Tv and h is the distance along Y in the plane PO between C and T or Tv; the entry face 21 of the insert having an inclination defined by an angle a with respect to X and of at least 20 °, 30 °, 35 °, 40 ° and up to 60 ° or even 90 ° or 80 ° relative to the horizontal, in particular X being at most 20 ° relative to the horizontal.
- FIG. 2 schematically represents the insert and the thermal camera of FIG. 1 with the parameters (coordinates, etc.) influencing the optimized positioning of the camera 9, it is a partial sectional view in a plane PO passing through the center C of the pupil of the camera and a center O of the insert 2.
- the borderline case corresponds to the slope line
- h be the height between the center C of the pupil and the "corner which touches” denoted T and w the horizontal distance between the center of this pupil and the "corner which touches"
- w can be positive or negative (but in general quite small in absolute value) and that x is always negative taking into account the orientation of the axes.
- the reference point for the position of the camera is the position of the point C center of the entrance pupil of the camera but so that the whole field of the camera is used without shading on the edges, the whole of the pupil of height p must be inside the triangle formed by the three lines Dt1, Dt2 and Dt3.
- FIG. 3 diagrammatically represents the insert and the thermal camera of FIG. 1 with exemplified parameters (example 1) influencing the optimized positioning of the camera 9, it is a partial sectional view in a plane PO passing through the center C of the pupil of the camera and a center O of the insert 2.
- Figures 3 "and 3" represent illumination diagrams of the infrared sensor of the thermal camera, in gray level for example 1 and a counterexample T.
- the coordinates of E are -11 , 09; -0.45
- the coordinates of F are -17.27; 3.56
- the sensor illumination pattern (from the outside) is uniform (white is the maximum illumination from the outside homogeneous).
- FIG. 4 schematically represents the insert and the thermal camera of FIG. 1 with exemplified parameters (example 2) influencing the optimized positioning of the camera, it is a partial sectional view in a plane PO passing through the center C of the pupil of the camera and a center O of the insert.
- Figure 4 shows a diagram of the illumination of the infrared sensor of the thermal camera, in gray level for example 2.
- FIG. 5 diagrammatically represents the insert and the thermal camera of FIG. 1 with exemplified parameters (example 3) influencing the optimized positioning of the camera, it is a partial sectional view in a plane PO passing through the center C of the pupil of the camera and a center O of the insert 2.
- Figure 5 shows a diagram of the illumination of the infrared sensor of the thermal camera, in gray level for example 3.
- the camera is too bulky and has a large Q. This corresponds to case b) for which the point of T is far enough back and the triangle according to a) (C above Dt1 and under Dt2) no longer exists.
- Figure 5 shows a diagram of the illumination of the infrared sensor of the thermal camera, in gray level for example 3.
- Figures 6a and 6b respectively show the variation of the ordinate y and the negative abscissa x of the points CO, E, F as a function of Q for case a) and case b).
- FIGS. 7a and 7b respectively represent the variation of the ordinate y and of the negative abscissa x of the points CO, E, F as a function of Di for the case a) and the case b).
- FIGS. 8a and 8b respectively represent the variation of the ordinate y and of the negative abscissa x of the points CO, E, F as a function of a for the case a) and the case b).
- FIGS. 9a and 9b respectively represent the variation of the ordinate y and of the negative abscissa x of the points CO, E, F as a function of h for the case a) and the case b).
- Figures 10a and 10b respectively show the variation of the y-coordinate and the negative x-coordinate of the points CO, E, F as a function of n for case a).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2000019A FR3105944B1 (fr) | 2020-01-03 | 2020-01-03 | Dispositif avec vitrage et camera thermique associee et procedes d’optimisation |
| PCT/FR2020/052616 WO2021136909A1 (fr) | 2020-01-03 | 2020-12-23 | Dispositif avec vitrage et camera thermique associee et procedes d'optimisation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4085284A1 true EP4085284A1 (fr) | 2022-11-09 |
Family
ID=72088178
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20851227.7A Withdrawn EP4085284A1 (fr) | 2020-01-03 | 2020-12-23 | Dispositif avec vitrage et camera thermique associee et procedes d'optimisation |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11962933B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4085284A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN113382857B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3105944B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021136909A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023062169A1 (fr) * | 2021-10-14 | 2023-04-20 | Agc Glass Europe | Vitrage doté d'un insert |
| FR3140328B3 (fr) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-10-18 | Saint Gobain | Dispositif pour vehicule avec element vitre et camera infrarouge associee, un tel element vitre |
| FR3151984B1 (fr) * | 2023-08-07 | 2025-07-18 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage de véhicule doté d’un insert transparent aux infrarouges lointains |
| WO2025057934A1 (fr) * | 2023-09-13 | 2025-03-20 | Agc株式会社 | Verre de véhicule et dispositif de capteur infrarouge de véhicule |
| US20250305885A1 (en) * | 2024-03-29 | 2025-10-02 | Lynred | Infrared camera and outer window assembly for a vehicle glazing |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2271139A (en) | 1992-10-03 | 1994-04-06 | Pilkington Plc | Vehicle window with insert of high infra-red transmittance |
| US6132882A (en) | 1996-12-16 | 2000-10-17 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Damped glass and plastic laminates |
| US20070216768A1 (en) | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Device and method for outwardly looking ir camera mounted inside vehicles particularly suited for pre-crash sensing and pedestrian detection |
| DE102007042028A1 (de) * | 2007-09-05 | 2009-03-12 | Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Scheibe mit einem Detektor für elektromagnetische Strahlung |
| US9575216B2 (en) | 2011-05-24 | 2017-02-21 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Infrared-transmitting film, method for producing infrared-transmitting film, infrared optical component, and infrared device |
| DE102013205165A1 (de) | 2013-03-22 | 2014-10-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Kameraanordnung für ein Fahrzeug und Fahrzeug mit einer derartigen Kameraanordnung |
| CN110218006B (zh) | 2019-04-25 | 2020-08-11 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | 一种车辆用夹层玻璃 |
-
2020
- 2020-01-03 FR FR2000019A patent/FR3105944B1/fr active Active
- 2020-12-23 CN CN202080006256.7A patent/CN113382857B/zh active Active
- 2020-12-23 US US17/790,662 patent/US11962933B2/en active Active
- 2020-12-23 EP EP20851227.7A patent/EP4085284A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-12-23 WO PCT/FR2020/052616 patent/WO2021136909A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20230074901A1 (en) | 2023-03-09 |
| FR3105944A1 (fr) | 2021-07-09 |
| US11962933B2 (en) | 2024-04-16 |
| CN113382857A (zh) | 2021-09-10 |
| FR3105944B1 (fr) | 2023-11-24 |
| CN113382857B (zh) | 2023-09-22 |
| WO2021136909A1 (fr) | 2021-07-08 |
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