EP4078209A1 - Method for determining the value of a parameter related to the state of health of an electrochemical element in a battery, electronic management system for a battery, and corresponding battery - Google Patents
Method for determining the value of a parameter related to the state of health of an electrochemical element in a battery, electronic management system for a battery, and corresponding batteryInfo
- Publication number
- EP4078209A1 EP4078209A1 EP20829920.6A EP20829920A EP4078209A1 EP 4078209 A1 EP4078209 A1 EP 4078209A1 EP 20829920 A EP20829920 A EP 20829920A EP 4078209 A1 EP4078209 A1 EP 4078209A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- value
- charge
- electrochemical element
- state
- values
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for determining the value of one or more parameters relating to the state of health of at least one accumulator of a battery intended to supply electrical energy to an external application.
- the invention also relates to an electronic battery management system implementing this method, as well as to a battery provided with this system.
- a battery typically comprises one or more current accumulators also called electrochemical generators, cells or elements.
- An accumulator is a device for producing electricity in which chemical energy is converted into electrical energy. Chemical energy comes from electrochemically active compounds present in the electrodes of the accumulator. Electrical energy is produced by electrochemical reactions during battery discharge.
- the electrodes, arranged in a container, are electrically connected to current output terminals which provide electrical continuity between the electrodes and an electrical consumer with which the accumulator is associated.
- a battery can be divided into modules, each module being composed of one or more accumulators linked together in series and / or in parallel.
- a battery can for example comprise one or more parallel branches of accumulators connected in series and / or one or more parallel branches of modules connected in series.
- a charging circuit is generally provided to which the battery can be connected to recharge the accumulators.
- an electronic management system comprising measurement sensors and an electronic control circuit, more or less advanced according to the applications, can be associated with the battery.
- Such a system makes it possible in particular to organize and control the charging and discharging of the battery, to balance the charging and discharging of the various accumulators of the battery with respect to each other.
- the state of health (SOH for "State of Health” in English) is useful information for the electronic battery management system to optimize its use and its lifespan. It makes it possible to estimate the aging of the battery between a new state and an end of life state, or more generally, between an initial state and a final state.
- One method of determining the SOH of a battery is to monitor the temperature, voltage, and possibly current values of the battery in order to determine an SOH value from aging laws. These aging laws are obtained from tests carried out in the laboratory. An SOH algorithm then gives an estimate of the aging of the battery. However, this method of determining the SOH of the battery is subject to the assumption of uniform aging of the battery accumulators. The method of determining SOH by a predictive model also assumes a fault-free power circuit between the accumulators.
- Another method of determining the SOH of a battery consists in calculating the ratio of the resistance of the battery at a given time to the resistance of the battery in the new or initial state under the same measurement conditions (especially under the same temperature conditions).
- the resistance increases with the aging of the battery, resulting in a loss of power. This is referred to as an SOH state of health related to battery resistance (SOHR for "State of Health related to battery resistance").
- the SOH can also be calculated from the ratio of the capacity of the battery at a given time to the capacity of the battery in the new or initial state under the same measurement conditions (in particular under the same temperature conditions).
- the capacity indeed decreases with aging, reflecting a loss of available energy.
- SOHC battery capacity
- an SOH calculation can be provided for the battery as a whole or for each module, or for each electrochemical element of a module.
- electrochemical elements exhibit a no-load voltage curve as a function of the state of charge with large plateaus areas, as shown in FIG. 1. This is the case for example with electrochemical elements of the type. LiFeP04 or LiMnFeP04.
- Another method of determining capacity aging is to observe the rate of deformation of the element over a partial cycle.
- the object of the invention is to solve in particular the aforementioned problems, by proposing a method for determining the value of a parameter relating to the state of health of an electrochemical element in a battery, such as resistance, which is precise and which does not require any additional pulse or specific action on the part of the user, in particular in the case of electrochemical elements whose open-circuit voltage curve as a function of the state of charge has a plateau area as explained above.
- the subject of the invention is therefore, according to a first aspect, a method for determining the value of a first parameter (R) relating to the state of health linked to the resistance of at least one electrochemical element of a battery.
- the electrochemical element being of the type exhibiting a state of charge curve, representing the open circuit voltage (OCV) at the terminals of the electrochemical element as a function of the state of charge (SOC) expressed as a percentage of a maximum state of charge, of which at least a determined portion is substantially flat or which comprises at least one determined portion in which the relationship between the state of charge (SOC) and the open circuit voltage (OCV) is substantially non-bijective, the process comprising:
- the method further comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination:
- the value of the electrical capacity C of the electrochemical element is determined, and at least one of the steps for determining the SOC value of the state of charge (SOC) comprises:
- the first parameter is the resistance (R) of the electrochemical element
- the OCV value is determined from a table associating state of charge (SOC) values with open circuit voltage (OCV) values;
- the OCV value is the constant value of the open circuit voltage on the sought area [SOCmin SOCmax] of state of charge values
- the step of calculating the value R of the resistance (R) comprises repeating the implementation of the calculation (U - OCV) / 1 for several SOC values of the state of charge (SOC) included in the zone sought ([SOCmin, SOCmax]), and calculating the average of the results of said calculation (U-OCV) / I;
- a step of determining a value of the electric charge (Ah) of the electrochemical element is carried out then a step of verifying that the determined value of the electric charge (Ah) belongs to an extended zone ([Ahmin and, Ahmax and]), and,
- the lower limit Ah m in and and the upper limit Ah ma x_et of the extended zone ([Ahmin and, Ahmax and]) of electric charge values (Ah) are determined from the lower limit SOCmin and from the upper limit SOCmax of the sought area ([SOCmin, SOCmax]) of state of charge values;
- Ahmax_et C x (1 - SOCmin);
- Ah ma x_et C x SOCmax, where C is the nominal capacity of the electrochemical element.
- the first parameter is the resistance (R) of the electrochemical element, and for each determined Ah value of electrical charge (Ah):
- OCV OCV being a function of the determined Ah value of the electrical load (Ah)
- this resistance value (R) is stored in a table of resistance values
- - OCV is determined from a table associating state of charge values (SOC) with open circuit voltage values (OCV), each state of charge value (SOC) being associated with a value of the first parameter (Ah);
- the OCV value is the constant value of the open circuit voltage on the sought area [SOCmin SOC max] of state of charge values;
- the step of calculating the value R of the resistance (R) comprises repeating the implementation of the calculation (U - OCV) / 1 for several Ah values of the electrical parameter (Ah) included in the extended zone ([ Ahmin and, Ah ma x_et]); - the value of the electrical capacity C of the electrochemical element is determined and the value of a first parameter (R) relating to the state of health linked to the resistance is determined from the resistance values in the table of resistors, for which it has been verified that the value Ah of electric charge in said table belongs to a sought-after zone ([Ahmin, Ahmax]) of electric charge corresponding to the sought-after zone ([SOCmin, SOCmax]) of values of the state dump.
- the lower limit Ahmin and the upper limit Ahmax of the sought zone ([Ahmin, Ahmax]) of electric charge values (Ah) are determined from the lower limit SOCmin and the upper limit SOCmax of the sought zone ([ SOCmin, SOCmax]) of state of charge values.
- Ahmax C x (1 - SOCmin);
- Ahmax C x SOCmax, where C is the determined capacity of the electrochemical element
- the state of charge (SOC) is expressed as a percentage of a maximum state of charge, and the sought area ([SOCmin, SOCmax]) of values of the state of charge (SOC) is included in the interval [ 44%, 60%], preferably [46%, 58%];
- the method comprises a step of determining the value of a second parameter (SOHR) relating to the state of health linked to the resistance of the element electrochemical as a function of the value R of the resistance (R) determined;
- SOHR second parameter
- the step of determining the value of the second parameter comprises a step of determining a first value Rinit of the resistance (R) as a function of a temperature and / or current value, from a table associating temperature and / or current values with resistance values;
- the SOHR value of the second parameter (SOHR) is determined according to the following calculation:
- Another subject of the invention is an electronic battery management system comprising at least one electrochemical element, the system comprising:
- Another subject of the invention is a battery comprising at least one electrochemical element, and at least one electronic management system as presented above.
- the method of the invention allows a reliable estimate of the resistance of an electrochemical element, without specific action by the user, in the presence of a plateau zone in the curve of the open circuit voltage as a function of the state of charge corresponding to this electrochemical element.
- FIG. 1 graphic representation of the curve of the open circuit voltage as a function of the state of charge of an electrochemical element of the LiFeP04 type
- FIG. 2 schematic representation of the steps of the process according to the invention.
- the first parameter relating to the state of health linked to the resistance of the electrochemical element in question is the resistance itself of that electrochemical element.
- the electrochemical element in question is of the type having an open-circuit voltage curve of which at least a determined portion is substantially flat, or comprising a determined portion in which the relationship between SOC state of charge and OCV open circuit voltage is substantially non-one-to-one.
- the open circuit voltage curve of an electrochemical element graphically represents the open circuit voltage OCV at the terminals of the electrochemical element, as a function of the state of charge SOC expressed as a percentage of a maximum state of charge. .
- the method mainly comprises a determination step (1) and a verification step (2).
- Step (1) is a step of determining the value of the state of charge SOC of the electrochemical element, the SOC being expressed as a percentage of a maximum state of charge.
- this step (1) is a step for determining the value of the electrical charge Ah of the electrochemical element.
- Step (2) is a step of verifying that the determined value belongs to a particular interval of values, called the sought area [SOCmin, SOCmax] when it comes to determining the state of charge value.
- SOC in the determination step (1) or extended area [Ah m in and, Ah ma x_et] when it comes to determining the electric charge value Ah in the determination step (1).
- the sought area ([SOCmin, SOCmax]) corresponding to a portion of the open circuit voltage curve included in the determined portion.
- the determination step (1) then the verification step (2) are repeated, as long as the result of the verification step (2) is not positive, that is to say as long as the value determined in the determination step (1) is not included in the corresponding interval ([SOCmin, SOCmax]) OR [Ahmin and, Ahmax and] ⁇
- the value of the first parameter R is calculated as a function of at least the value of the state of charge SOC, or the value of the electrical charge Ah, determined during the last determination step (1).
- the successive determination step (s) (1) are steps of determining the SOC value of the state of charge (SOC). This SOC value is then calculated as follows:
- the value R of the resistance calculated in calculation step (3) is obtained as follows:
- U and I are the respective voltage and current values across the electrochemical cell
- OCV is the open circuit voltage value.
- OCV is a function of the SOC value of the state of charge determined during the corresponding determination step (1).
- the OCV value is determined from a table that associates SOC values of state of charge with OCV values of open circuit voltage.
- the OCV value can also be the constant value of the open circuit voltage on the sought area [SOCmin SOC max] of values of the state of charge of the electrochemical element.
- the successive determination step (s) (1) are steps of determining the Ah value of the electric charge.
- the lower limit Ahmin and and the upper limit Ahmax and of the interval [Ahmin and, Ah ma x_et] of Ah electric charge values, called extended zone are determined from the lower limit SOCmin and the upper limit SOCmax of the sought zone [SOCmin, SOCmax] of state of charge values.
- C is the minimum achievable capacity of the electrochemical element.
- Ah ma x_et of the extended zone [Ahmin et, Ah ma x_et] is obtained as follows:
- Ahmax_et C x (1 - SOCmin);
- the first parameter of which it is a question of determining the value being the resistance of the electrochemical element as indicated above the value R of the resistance calculated in the calculation step (3) is obtained as explained above. after.
- a resistance value R is determined and this resistance value R is stored in a table of resistance values.
- U and I are the respective voltage and current values across the electrochemical cell
- OCV is the open circuit voltage value
- the OCV value is a function of the determined Ah value of the electrical load.
- the OCV value is determined from a table associating SOC values of state of charge with OCV values of open circuit voltage, each SOC value of state of charge being moreover associated with an Ah value of state of charge.
- the OCV value can also be the constant value of the open circuit voltage on the sought area [SOCmin SOC ma x] of values of the state of charge of the electrochemical element.
- the resistance values stored in the aforementioned table of resistances are used, for which it has been verified that the value Ah of electric charge associated in said table belongs to a sought zone [ Ahmin, Ahmax] of electrical charge.
- This searched area corresponds to the searched area [SOCmin, SOCmax] of state of charge values.
- the lower limit and the upper limit Ah max of the zone sought [Ahmin, Ahmax] are determined from the lower limit SOCmin and from the upper limit SOCmax of the sought area [SOCmin, SOCmax].
- Ahmin C x SOCmin
- Ahmax C x (1 - SOCmin);
- Ahmax C x SOCmax
- the applicant has determined that the area sought for the SOC values of state of charge, expressed as a percentage of a maximum state of charge, included in the range [44%, 60%], of preference [46%, 58%], gave very good results in terms of precision of the determination of the value of the parameter relating to the state of health linked to the resistance of the electrochemical element of the battery, in this case the value of the resistance itself. Provision is also made, in all the embodiments, to determine the SOHR value of a second parameter relating to the state of health linked to the resistance of the electrochemical element as a function of the value R of the determined resistance.
- a first value Ri nit of the resistance as a function of a temperature and / or current value.
- a table is used associating temperature and / or current values with resistance values.
- the method of the invention is particularly suited to situations in which the electrochemical element in question is of the type exhibiting an open circuit voltage curve of which at least a portion is substantially flat or a portion in which the relationship between the SOC charge state and OCV open circuit voltage is substantially non-bijective, as shown in Figure 1.
- the method of the invention can be implemented by programming a microprocessor of an electronic battery management system comprising at least one electrochemical element.
- a system further comprises means for measuring at least the voltage U and the current I, at the terminals of the electrochemical element (s), during a charge or discharge of this or these electrochemical elements, to enable the electrochemical element (s). microprocessor to implement the process steps.
- a battery comprising at least one electrochemical element, and at least one electronic management system as presented above, allows efficient and precise monitoring of its actual aging, in particular despite the modifications of certain internal parameters inherent in aging, thanks to a efficient and accurate determination of resistance R.
- the invention is not limited to the two specific embodiments presented by way of example. It is based on the use of an interval of state of charge values [SOCmin, SOCmax], called the sought-after state of charge zone, or of an interval of electric charge values [Ah m in and, Ah ma x_et], of which we saw above that the lower and upper limits were linked to the lower and upper limits of the requested state of charge zone, the sought zone [SOCmin, SOCmax] being included in the plateau zone of the open circuit voltage curve, that is to say the determined portion of this curve which is substantially flat, or determined portion in which the relationship between the state of charge SOC and the open circuit voltage OCV is substantially non-bijective.
- the two aforementioned embodiments give two examples of the type of calculation which make it possible to obtain the desired resistance value R.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1915283A FR3105432B1 (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Method for determining the value of a parameter relating to the state of health of an electrochemical element in a battery, electronic management system of a battery, and corresponding battery |
PCT/EP2020/086888 WO2021123063A1 (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2020-12-17 | Method for determining the value of a parameter related to the state of health of an electrochemical element in a battery, electronic management system for a battery, and corresponding battery |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4078209A1 true EP4078209A1 (en) | 2022-10-26 |
Family
ID=69903555
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20829920.6A Pending EP4078209A1 (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2020-12-17 | Method for determining the value of a parameter related to the state of health of an electrochemical element in a battery, electronic management system for a battery, and corresponding battery |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230032837A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4078209A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2020409573A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3105432B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021123063A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR20230009605A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-01-17 | 에스케이온 주식회사 | Battery ledger management system and method of battery ledger management |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR960018609A (en) * | 1994-11-30 | 1996-06-17 | 김광호 | Estimation Method of Battery Capacity by Discharge Current Using Natural Logarithm |
KR100839385B1 (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2008-06-19 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Battery management system and driving method thereof |
JP5106272B2 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2012-12-26 | パナソニック株式会社 | Degradation determination circuit, power supply device, and secondary battery deterioration determination method |
EP3002597B1 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2020-09-16 | Vehicle Energy Japan Inc. | Battery control device |
WO2014202172A2 (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2014-12-24 | Volvo Truck Corporation | Method for estimating state of health of a battery in a hybrid vehicle |
AU2016203834A1 (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2017-01-12 | Gs Yuasa International Ltd. | State estimation device and state estimation method |
JP6657967B2 (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2020-03-04 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | State estimation device and state estimation method |
US10840722B2 (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2020-11-17 | Vehicle Energy Japan, Inc. | Battery control device |
JP7116886B2 (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2022-08-12 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | state estimator |
JP7020273B2 (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2022-02-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Battery information processing system, assembled battery, battery module capacity calculation method, and assembled battery manufacturing method |
-
2019
- 2019-12-20 FR FR1915283A patent/FR3105432B1/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-12-17 WO PCT/EP2020/086888 patent/WO2021123063A1/en unknown
- 2020-12-17 US US17/787,022 patent/US20230032837A1/en active Pending
- 2020-12-17 AU AU2020409573A patent/AU2020409573A1/en active Pending
- 2020-12-17 EP EP20829920.6A patent/EP4078209A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20230032837A1 (en) | 2023-02-02 |
FR3105432A1 (en) | 2021-06-25 |
WO2021123063A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
AU2020409573A1 (en) | 2022-07-07 |
FR3105432B1 (en) | 2021-12-24 |
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