EP4077440A1 - Thermoplastische formmasse mit gutem entformungsverhalten - Google Patents
Thermoplastische formmasse mit gutem entformungsverhaltenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4077440A1 EP4077440A1 EP20820169.9A EP20820169A EP4077440A1 EP 4077440 A1 EP4077440 A1 EP 4077440A1 EP 20820169 A EP20820169 A EP 20820169A EP 4077440 A1 EP4077440 A1 EP 4077440A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- mol
- composition according
- molding composition
- component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000004415 thermoplastic moulding composition Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- -1 aliphatic diols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(O)C(F)(F)F BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- DFPJRUKWEPYFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diisocyanatopentane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCN=C=O DFPJRUKWEPYFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009757 thermoplastic moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940083957 1,2-butanediol Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobutane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCN=C=O OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CO BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 21
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 19
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 229940008841 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 14
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 14
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 13
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229940043375 1,5-pentanediol Drugs 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 8
- AHBNSOZREBSAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diisocyanato-2-methylpentane Chemical compound O=C=NCC(C)CCCN=C=O AHBNSOZREBSAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 6
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SIOLDWZBFABPJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N isotridecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O SIOLDWZBFABPJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- VHOCUJPBKOZGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacontanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VHOCUJPBKOZGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- WNWHHMBRJJOGFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO WNWHHMBRJJOGFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VHNJXLWRTQNIPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxybutyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(O)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C VHNJXLWRTQNIPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OCKWAZCWKSMKNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-octadecanoyloxy-2,2-bis(octadecanoyloxymethyl)propyl] octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC OCKWAZCWKSMKNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(octadecanoylamino)ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- TYWMIZZBOVGFOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO TYWMIZZBOVGFOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021353 Lignoceric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lignoceric acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1CCC(CO)CC1 YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N ethyl (z)-3-(methylamino)but-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C(\C)NC FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical group OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- CUNPJFGIODEJLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F CUNPJFGIODEJLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C=C LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YWWVWXASSLXJHU-AATRIKPKSA-N (9E)-tetradecenoic acid Chemical compound CCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O YWWVWXASSLXJHU-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-BGDVVUGTSA-N (9Z,11E,13Z)-octadecatrienoic acid Chemical compound CCCC\C=C/C=C/C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-BGDVVUGTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARXKVVRQIIOZGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-butanetriol Chemical compound OCCC(O)CO ARXKVVRQIIOZGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PCHXZXKMYCGVFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diazetidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)N1 PCHXZXKMYCGVFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimethylpiperazine Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)CC1 RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UNVGBIALRHLALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Hexanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCCCO UNVGBIALRHLALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002666 1-octacosanol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-methyldodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCO XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical group COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BDNXUVOJBGHQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclooctane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OC1CCCC(O)CCC1 BDNXUVOJBGHQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NUUPJBRGQCEZSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OC1CCC(O)C1 NUUPJBRGQCEZSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRAABIJFUKKEJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1CCCC1 WRAABIJFUKKEJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTQLDZMOTPTCGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1CCCC1 BTQLDZMOTPTCGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCO FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005595 deprotonation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010537 deprotonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNOXNTGLSKTMQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L diacetyloxytin Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Sn]OC(C)=O PNOXNTGLSKTMQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940028356 diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)CO GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYAAVKFHBMJOJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diimidazo[1,3-b:1',3'-e]pyrazine-5,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CN=CN2C(=O)C2=CN=CN12 UYAAVKFHBMJOJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl carbonate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020669 docosahexaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940090949 docosahexaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PYBNTRWJKQJDRE-UHFFFAOYSA-L dodecanoate;tin(2+) Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O PYBNTRWJKQJDRE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OCC SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940093476 ethylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- VANNPISTIUFMLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaric anhydride Chemical compound O=C1CCCC(=O)O1 VANNPISTIUFMLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SXCBDZAEHILGLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane-1,7-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCO SXCBDZAEHILGLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHAREKHAZNPPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CCC=CC=C AHAREKHAZNPPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHKSXSQHXQEMOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)CO FHKSXSQHXQEMOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVTWBMUAJHVAIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,4-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CCCO QVTWBMUAJHVAIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNCPIMCVTKXXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C LNCPIMCVTKXXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNMQRPPRQDGUDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C=C LNMQRPPRQDGUDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium stearate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940057948 magnesium stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002689 maleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001855 mannitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl acetate Chemical compound COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- RIEABXYBQSLTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobutyrin Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO RIEABXYBQSLTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021290 n-3 DPA Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HNHVTXYLRVGMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl isocyanate Chemical compound CCCCN=C=O HNHVTXYLRVGMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KCAMXZBMXVIIQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-3-yl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(CC)OC(=O)C(C)=C KCAMXZBMXVIIQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1,8-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCO OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCVRQHFDJLLWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)CO WCVRQHFDJLLWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOPINZRYMFPBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CCO RUOPINZRYMFPBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLOBUAZSRIOKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CCCO GLOBUAZSRIOKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYDSPAVLTMAXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GYDSPAVLTMAXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULDDEWDFUNBUCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)C=C ULDDEWDFUNBUCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNVZJPUDSLNTQU-SEYXRHQNSA-N petroselinic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCC(O)=O CNVZJPUDSLNTQU-SEYXRHQNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010064470 polyaspartate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940114930 potassium stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;octadecanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012673 precipitation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000380 propiolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940116423 propylene glycol diacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940026235 propylene glycol monolaurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical class CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940080350 sodium stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002920 sorbitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940114926 stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorophthalic anhydride Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1Cl AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004149 thio group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-UYWAGRGNSA-N trichosanic acid Natural products CCCCC=C/C=C/C=CCCCCCCCC(=O)O CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-UYWAGRGNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940057977 zinc stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0895—Manufacture of polymers by continuous processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/73—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates acyclic
Definitions
- the invention relates to a thermoplastic molding composition containing a thermoplastic polyurethane and a mold release agent, the use of the molding composition for producing molded bodies and the molded bodies themselves.
- thermoplastic polyurethanes have been used for a wide variety of purposes for years because of their excellent physical properties.
- other plastics such as polyamide plastics, are used because polyurethanes with suitable physical properties are not available or these are difficult to provide.
- Polyurethanes that are composed of short-chain aliphatic diols and short-chain aliphatic isocyanates and polyisocyanates have properties that are comparable or better than those of polyamide plastics, for example with regard to the paintability of the plastic.
- O. Bayer discloses the production of polyurethanes from aliphatic diisocyanates and aliphatic diols in a batch process, in particular a polyurethane from 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate and 1,4-butanediol (Perlon U , Igamid U), which is obtained as a fine, sandy powder from a precipitation polymerization in dichlorobenzene.
- DE728981 discloses the production of polyurethanes and polyureas in a solvent-containing or solvent-free batch process.
- V. V. Korshak Soviet Plastics 1961, 7, 12-15 discloses a semi-batch laboratory process for producing a polyurethane from 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate and 1,4-butanediol. For this purpose, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate is added dropwise to heated 1,4-butanediol, which leads to a brittle addition product.
- thermoplastic polyurethanes have many possible reactions of the isocyanates prove to be disadvantageous for the production of thermoplastic polyurethanes.
- the polyaddition reaction between isocyanate and hydroxyl groups only gives rise to molecular weights at very high conversion rates, which allow good mechanical properties to be expected.
- the tendency to side reactions increases, such as the formation of allophanate, biuret or isocyanurate groups, which represent branch points in the polymer structure and thus reduce the thermoplastic character or, in extreme cases, even result in thermosets (G. Oertel, Kunststoff- Handbuch, Vol. 7, 3rd edition, 1993, p.12ff). Therefore, the specific molecular structure and also the molar mass distribution depend on the manufacturing process. This dependency also has an effect on the mechanical properties of the thermoplastic polyurethanes.
- Thermoplastic polyurethanes based on short-chain aliphatic diols and short-chain aliphatic polyisocyanates have a rather low softening temperature compared to other thermoplastics. On the one hand, this is beneficial for processing into molded bodies, because it means that no particularly high temperatures are required for melting.
- thermoplastic molding compositions from the thermoplastic polyurethanes it must be possible to produce moldings by customary processes such as extrusion or injection molding without problems. It should be possible to produce very different test specimen geometries in large numbers and at high speed. For this it is absolutely necessary that the test specimens do not adhere to the injection molding tools in an undesirable manner.
- thermoplastic molding composition comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane which is distinguished by improved demolding behavior.
- the object was to provide a thermoplastic molding composition containing a thermoplastic polyurethane which has lower static and sliding friction when it is removed from the mold from an injection molding tool.
- thermoplastic molding composition containing a thermoplastic molding composition
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer obtainable by reacting at least the following structural components:
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer consisting of at least 95% by weight of one or more aliphatic diisocyanates I) and one or more aliphatic Diols II), based on the total mass of the structural components used, exist, the one or more aliphatic diisocyanates I) and the one or more aliphatic diols II) in a molar ratio in the range from 1.0: 0.95 to 0.95 : 1.0
- the ratio M z / M w of the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer is in a range from 2.3 to 6, where M z is the centrifuge means the molecular weight and M w is the weight average of the molecular weight, each determined by gel permeation chromatography in hexafluoroisopropanol against polymethyl methacryl
- Component B is contained in the molding composition preferably in a proportion of 0.01 to 1% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 0.8% by weight.
- the molding compound optionally contains further polymer additives or further polymeric components as component C.
- compositions consist of 80% by weight, more preferably 90% by weight, particularly preferably 95% by weight and most preferably 100% by weight of components A, B and C.
- Another object of the invention was to provide moldings containing the thermoplastic molding composition.
- Component A is a thermoplastic polyurethane obtainable by reacting at least the following structural components:
- thermoplastic polyurethane polyurethane polymer is in a range from 2.3 to 6, preferably in the range from 2.5 to 5.5, particularly preferably in the range of 2, 5 to 5, where M z is the centrifuge mean molecular weight and M w is the mass mean molecular weight, each determined by Gel permeation chromatography in hexa
- thermoplastic polyurethanes used in the molding compositions according to the invention can contain low duroplastic proportions in the polymer matrix, such as those produced, for example, by allophanate structural elements, biuret structural elements or the partial use of triols or triisocyanates as monomers, but only so much that the thermoplastic properties of the invention Polyurethanes are retained.
- thermoset components preferably 0.05-5% by weight, preferably 0.1-5% by weight, more preferably 0.3-5% by weight, even more preferably 0.3-3% by weight, even more preferably 0.5-5% by weight, even more preferably 0.5-4% by weight, particularly preferably 0.5-3% by weight, even more preferably 0.5-2% by weight and whole particularly preferably 0.5-1% by weight of thermoset components, based on the total weight of the thermoplastic polymer according to the invention.
- % by weight relates to the total weight of the respective system or the total weight of the respective component.
- a copolymer may contain a particular monomer in percent by weight, in which case the percentages by weight would be based on the total weight of the copolymer.
- the terms “comprising” or “containing” preferably mean “essentially consisting of” and particularly preferably “consisting of”.
- GPC Gel permeation chromatography
- M j is the molar mass of the polymers of fraction i, so that M j ⁇ M i + 1 for all i, in g / mol, ri j is the amount of substance of the polymer of fraction i, in mol.
- the weight average molecular weight (M w ) was also calculated from the data obtained by measuring gel permeation chromatography using the following equation: in which:
- Mi is the molar mass of the polymers of fraction i, so that M j ⁇ M i + 1 for all i, in g / mol, ri j is the amount of substance of the polymer of fraction i, in mol.
- the ratio M z / M w of the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer is in a range from 2.5 to 5.5, preferably in a range from 2.5 to 5.
- the M z value of the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer is in a range from 100,000 g / mol to 900,000 g / mol, preferably in a range from 100,000 g / mol to 850,000 g / mol, particularly preferably in a range from 110,000 g / mol to 800,000 g / mol and even more preferably in a range from 120,000 g / mol to 760000 g / mol, determined by gel permeation chromatography in hexafluoroisopropanol against
- the M z value of the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer is in a range from 80,000 g / mol to 900,000 g / mol, preferably in a range from 80,000 g / mol to 850,000 g / mol, particularly preferably in a range from 85,000 g / mol to 800,000 g / mol and even more preferably in a range from 85,000 g / mol to 760,000 g / mol, determined by gel permeation chromatography in hexafluoroisopropanol against
- the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer consists of at least 96% by weight, preferably at least 97% by weight, particularly preferably at least 98% by weight, even more preferably at least 99% by weight, even more preferably at least 99.5% by weight and most preferably at least 99.9% by weight of one or more aliphatic diisocyanates I) and one or more aliphatic diols II), based on the total mass of the polyurethane polymer.
- Suitable aliphatic diisocyanates I) are all monomeric aliphatic diisocyanates known to the person skilled in the art and having a molecular weight of 140 g / mol to 170 g / mol. It is irrelevant whether the diisocyanates were obtained by phosgenation or by a phosgene-free process.
- the diisocyanates and / or its precursor compounds can have been obtained from fossil or biological sources.
- 1,6-diisocyanatohexane is produced from 1,6-hexamethylenediamine and 1,5-diisocyanatopentane from 1,5-pentamethylenediamine, 1,6-hexamethylenediamine and 1,5-pentamethylenediamine from biological sources, preferably by bacterial fermentation , be won.
- the aliphatic diisocyanates for the synthesis of the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention are preferably selected from the group consisting of 1,4-diisocyanatobutane (BDI), 1,5-diisocyanatopentane (PDI), 1,6-diisocyanatohexane (HDI) and 2-methyl-1, 5-diisocyanatopentane or a mixture of at least two thereof.
- BDI 1,4-diisocyanatobutane
- PDI 1,5-diisocyanatopentane
- HDI 1,6-diisocyanatohexane
- 2-methyl-1, 5-diisocyanatopentane or a mixture of at least two thereof 2-methyl-1, 5-diisocyanatopentane or a mixture of at least two thereof.
- the one or more aliphatic diisocyanates I) are selected from the group consisting of 1,4-diisocyanatobutane, 1,5-diisocyanatopentane, 1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 2-methyl-1,5-diisocyanatopentane and / or mixtures of at least two of these.
- 1,5-diisocyanatopentane and / or 1,6-diisocyanatohexane are used as aliphatic diisocyanates I).
- only 1,6-diisocyanatohexane is used as the aliphatic diisocyanate I).
- the aliphatic diols for building up the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention are preferably selected from the group consisting of 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4 -Butanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,3-hexanediol, 1,4-hexanediol, 1,5-hexanediol and 1,6-hexanediol or a mixture of at least two thereof.
- the one or more aliphatic diols II) are selected from the group consisting of 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2- Butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol and / or mixtures of at least two of these.
- 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol and / or mixtures of at least two of these are used as aliphatic diols II).
- 1,4-butanediol and / or 1,6-hexanediol are used as aliphatic diols II). In another preferred embodiment, only 1,4-butanediol is used as the aliphatic diol.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer can be obtained by reacting at least the following structural components:
- one or more aliphatic diisocyanates selected from the group consisting of 1,4-diisocyanatobutane, 1,5-diisocyanatopentane, 1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 2-methyl-1,5-diisocyanatopentane and / or mixtures of at least two of these and
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer one or more aliphatic diols selected from the group consisting of 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1 , 5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol or mixtures of at least two of these, the structural components used to produce the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer being at least 95% by weight, preferably at least 98% by weight, particularly preferably at least 99% by weight.
- the one or more aliphatic diisocyanates I) and the one or more aliphatic diols II) are used in a molar ratio in the range from 1.0: 0.95 to 0.95: 1.0, characterized in that the ratio M z / M w of the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer is in a range from 2,3 to 6 lying t, where M z is the centrifuge mean of the molar mass and M w is the mass mean of the molar mass, each determined by gel permeation chromatography in hexafluoroisopropanol against polymethyl methacrylate as the standard.
- one or more polyisocyanates III) and / or one or more NCO-reactive compounds IV can be used.
- These further build-up components III) and / or IV) are different from build-up components I) and II) and can be used in an amount of 0% by weight to 5% by weight.
- the structural components used to produce the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer consist of 0.1% by weight to 5% by weight of one or more polyisocyanates III) and / or one or more NCO-reactive compounds IV), based on the Total mass of the superstructure components used.
- the isocyanate components I) and, if appropriate, III) are combined with the isocyanate-reactive components II) and, if appropriate, IV) in a molar ratio of isocyanate component: isocyanate-reactive component in the range from 1.0: 0.95 to 0.95: 1.0.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer can be obtained by reacting at least the following structural components:
- NCO-reactive compounds the structural components used to produce the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer consisting of at least 95% by weight of one or more aliphatic diisocyanates I) and one or more aliphatic diols II) and ⁇ 5% by weight consist of one or more polyisocyanates III) and / or one or more NCO-reactive compounds IV), based on the total mass of the structural components used.
- polyisocyanate III All aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic di- and triisocyanates known per se to the person skilled in the art are suitable as polyisocyanate III) for the synthesis of the polyurethane polymer according to the invention, it being irrelevant whether these were obtained by phosgenation or by phosgene-free processes.
- the polyisocyanates and / or their precursor compounds can have been obtained from fossil or biological sources.
- polyisocyanate III are monomeric diisocyanates which have a molecular weight of> 140 to ⁇ 400 g / mol.
- Suitable aliphatic diisocyanates are 1,4-diisocyanatobutane (BDI), 1,5-diisocyanatopentane (PDI), 1,6-diisocyanatohexane (HDI), 2-methyl-1,5-diisocyanatopentane, 1,5-diisocyanato-2 , 2-dimethylpentane, 2,2,4- or 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1,8-diisocyanatooctane and 1,10-diisocyanatodecane.
- BDI 1,4-diisocyanatobutane
- PDI 1,5-diisocyanatopentane
- HDI 1,6-diisocyanatohexane
- 2-methyl-1,5-diisocyanatopentane 1,5-diisocyanato-2
- 2-dimethylpentane 2,2,4- or
- Suitable cycloaliphatic diisocyanates are 1,3- and 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane, 1,4-diisocyanato-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 1,3-diisocyanato-2-methylcyclohexane, 1,3-
- aromatic diisocyanates examples include 2,4- and 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene (TDI), 2,4'- and 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane (MDI) and 1,5-diisocyanatonaphthalene.
- TDI 2,4- and 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene
- MDI 2,4'- and 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane
- 1,5-diisocyanatonaphthalene examples include 2,4- and 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene (TDI), 2,4'- and 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane (MDI) and 1,5-diisocyanatonaphthalene.
- araliphatic diisocyanates are 1,3- and 1,4-bis (isocyanatomethyl) benzene (xylylene diisocyanate; XDI), 1,3- and 1,4-bis (l-isocyanato-1-methylethyl) benzene (TMXDI ).
- triisocyanates examples include triphenylmethane-4,4 ', 4 "-triisocyanate or 4-isocyanatomethyl-1,8-octane diisocyanate (TIN).
- NCO-reactive compound IV All organic compounds known per se to the person skilled in the art which have at least two isocyanate-reactive (NCO-reactive) groups (NCO-reactive compound or isocyanate-reactive compound) are suitable as NCO-reactive compound IV) for building up the polyurethane polymer according to the invention.
- NCO-reactive compound IV isocyanate-reactive compound IV for building up the polyurethane polymer according to the invention.
- hydroxy, amino or thio groups in particular are regarded as NCO-reactive groups.
- a mixture of different NCO-reactive compounds can also be used to build up the at least one further structural element (S).
- NCO-reactive compound IV it is possible to use all systems which have on average at least 1.5, preferably 2 to 3 and even more preferably 2 NCO-reactive groups.
- Suitable isocyanate-reactive compounds are, for example, aliphatic, araliphatic or cycloaliphatic diols, organic triols, polyester, polyether, polycarbonate, poly (meth) acrylate, polyurethane polyols and polyamines.
- aliphatic, araliphatic or cycloaliphatic diols are 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol , 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,11-undecanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol, 1,3-cyclobutanediol, 1 , 3-cyclopentanediol, 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 2-cyclohexene-1,4-
- organic triols examples include glycerine and trimethylol propane.
- Suitable polyester polyols can hydrophthalic in known manner by polycondensation of low molecular weight polycarboxylic acid such as succinic acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, endomethylenetetra-, glutaric anhydride, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, dimer fatty acid, trimer fatty acid, phthalic acid, Phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, citric acid or trimellitic acid, with low molecular weight polyols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hexanediol, butanediol, 1,4-dihydroxycyclohexane, 1,4-di
- hydroxycarboxylic acid derivatives such as lactic acid, cinnamic acid or ⁇ -hydroxycaproic acid can also be polycondensed to polyester polyols.
- polyester polyols of oleochemical origin can also be used.
- Such polyester polyols can, for example, by complete ring opening of epoxidized triglycerides of an at least partially olefinically unsaturated fatty acid-containing fat mixture with one or more alcohols with 1 to 12 carbon atoms and subsequent partial transesterification of the triglyceride derivatives to alkyl ester polyols with 1 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical getting produced.
- Suitable polyether polyols can be obtained in a manner known per se by alkoxylating suitable starter molecules with base catalysis or using double metal cyanide compounds (DMC compounds).
- the polyether polyols are, if appropriate, polyadducts of cyclic ethers with OH- or NH-functional starter molecules, built up in blocks.
- Suitable cyclic ethers are, for example, styrene oxides, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, butylene oxide, epichlorohydrin, and any mixtures thereof.
- polyether polyols are di-, tri-, tetraethylene glycol, and di-, tri-, tetrapropylene glycol.
- Suitable polycarbonate polyols can be obtained in a manner known per se by reacting organic carbonates or phosgene with diols or diol mixtures.
- Organic carbonates suitable for this purpose are, for example, dimethyl, diethyl and diphenyl carbonate.
- Suitable polyhydric alcohols include the polyhydric alcohols with an OH functionality> 2 mentioned above in the context of the discussion of the polyester polyols. 1,4-Butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol and / or 3-methylpentanediol can preferably be used.
- Polyester polyols can also be converted into polycarbonate polyols. Particular preference is given to using dimethyl or diethyl carbonate in the conversion of the alcohols mentioned to form polycarbonate polyols.
- Suitable polyacrylate polyols are generally copolymers and preferably have mass average molecular weights Mw between 1,000 and 10,000 Daltons.
- the preparation of suitable polyacrylate polyols is known to the person skilled in the art. They are obtained by free radical polymerization of olefinically unsaturated monomers containing hydroxyl groups or by free radical copolymerization of olefinically unsaturated monomers containing hydroxyl groups with optionally other olefinically unsaturated monomers such as ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl acrylate, propyl methacrylate, isopropyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, isopropyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, isopropyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, Isobutyl methacrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, amyl acrylate
- Suitable olefinically unsaturated monomers containing hydroxyl groups are, in particular, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl acrylate and, in particular, 3-hydroxybutyl methacrylate and, in particular, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate and 3-hydroxybutyl methacrylate and, in particular, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, and, in particular, 3-hydroxybutyl methacrylate and, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate.
- Vinylaromatic hydrocarbons such as vinyltoluene, alpha-methylstyrene or, in particular, styrene, amides or nitriles of acrylic or methacrylic acid, vinyl esters or vinyl ethers, and in minor amounts, especially acrylic and / or methacrylic acid, can be used as further monomer components for the polyacrylate polyols.
- Suitable polyurethane polyols are, for example, hydroxy-terminated prepolymers which are built up from the diisocyanates and diols described above.
- the Polyurethane polyols also contain urea, carbodiimide, acylurea, isocyanurate, allophanate, biuret, oxadiazinetrione, uretdione, iminooxadiazinedione structures.
- the polyurethane polyols can be produced by reacting diisocyanates with diols by production processes known to the person skilled in the art.
- polyamines examples include ethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane, 2-methyl pentamethylenediamine, 1,6-diaminohexane, 2,2,4- or 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 1,2- Diaminocyclohexane, 1-amino-3, 3, 5-trimethyl-5-aminomethylcyclohexane (isophoronediamine, IPDA), 4,4'-diaminodicyclohexyl-methane, polyaspartic acid esters, such as those carried out, for example, by the method of EP-B 0 403 921 Reaction of diamines with fumaric acid or maleic acid esters are available, as well as polyether polyamines with aliphatically bonded primary amino groups.
- reaction of the synthesis components I), II), if appropriate III) and / or if appropriate IV) to produce the polyurethane polymer according to the invention can take place in the presence of one or more catalysts.
- Suitable catalysts are the tertiary amines known and customary in the prior art, such as. B. triethylamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N, N'-dimethylpiperazine, 2- (dimethylaminoethoxy) ethanol, diazabicyclo (2,2,2) octane and similar, and in particular organic metal compounds such as titanic acid esters, iron compounds, Tin compounds, for example tin diacetate, tin dioctoate, tin dilaurate or the tin dialkyl salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids such as dibutyl tin diacetate, dibutyl tin dilaurate or the like.
- Preferred catalysts are organic metal compounds, in particular titanic acid esters, iron and / or tin compounds.
- the catalyst is used in amounts of from 0.001 to 2.0% by weight, preferably from 0.005 to 1.0% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.01 to 0.1% by weight, based on the diisocyanate component.
- the catalyst can be used in bulk or dissolved in the diol component.
- One advantage here is that the thermoplastic polyurethanes then obtained do not contain any impurities from any solvents used for the catalyst.
- the catalyst can be added in one or more portions or continuously, e.g. B. with the help of a suitable metering pump over the entire duration of the implementation.
- catalyst (s) it is also possible to use mixtures of the catalyst (s) with a catalyst solvent, preferably with an organic catalyst solvent.
- a catalyst solvent preferably with an organic catalyst solvent.
- the degree of dilution of the catalyst solutions can be chosen freely within a very broad range. Solutions with a concentration of 0.001% or more are catalytically effective.
- Suitable solvents for the catalyst are, for example, solvents which are inert towards isocyanate groups, such as, for example, hexane, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol ethyl acetate and mono methyl acetate, diethylene glycol ethyl acetate and ethyl butyl acetate -Methoxypropyl-2-acetate, 3-methoxy-n-butyl acetate, propylene glycol diacetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, lactones such as ß-propiolactone, g-butyrolactone, e-caprolactone and
- solvents for the catalyst which carry groups which are reactive toward isocyanates and which can be incorporated into the diisocyanate are mono- or polyhydric simple alcohols, such as. B. methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, n-hexanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, the isomeric butanediols, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol or glycerol; Ether alcohols, such as. B.
- allyl alcohol 1,1-dimethyl-allyl alcohol or oleic alcohol
- araliphatic alcohols such as. B. benzyl alcohol
- N-monosubstituted amides e.g. B. N-methylformamide, N-methylacetamide, cyanoacetamide or 2-pyrrolidinone or any mixtures of such solvents.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention can be obtained by reacting at least the following structural components:
- one or more aliphatic diisocyanates selected from the group consisting of 1,4-diisocyanatobutane, 1,5-diisocyanatopentane, 1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 2-methyl-1,5-diisocyanatopentane and / or mixtures of at least two thereof,
- one or more aliphatic diols selected from the group consisting of 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1 , 5- pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol or mixtures of at least two of these,
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention can be obtained by reacting at least the following structural components:
- NCO-reactive compounds selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, araliphatic or cycloaliphatic diols with molecular weights of 62 g / mol to 250 g / mol and / or mixtures of at least two thereof, the ones used to produce the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer Build-up components from 95% by weight to 99.9% by weight from 1,6-diisocyanatohexane I) and 1,4-butanediol II) and from 0.1% by weight to 5% by weight from one or more Diisocyanates III) and / or one or more NCO-reactive compounds IV), based on the total mass of the structural components used, exist, the diisocyanate components I) and optionally III) with the NCO-reactive components II) and optionally IV) in a molar ratio of diisocyanate component: NCO-reactive component in the range from 1.0: 0.95 to 0.95: 1.0, characterized in that the group consisting of
- the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention has a urethane group content of 40% by weight to 60% by weight, preferably 40% by weight to 52% by weight, based on the total weight of the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer.
- the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention has a urethane group content of 44% by weight to 48% by weight, even more preferably 44% by weight to 46% by weight, based on the total weight of the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer.
- the urethane group content is determined by dividing the mass of the (theoretical) linear repeating unit by the mass of the urethane structural unit. Each isocyanate group (-NCO) is reacted with an alcohol group (-OH). The resulting value is multiplied by 100 to get a value in%.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention has a weight percentage ratio of O to N determined by means of elemental analysis of> 1.5: 1 to ⁇ 2.6: 1 and a weight ratio of N to C determined by means of elemental analysis of> 1:10 to ⁇ 1: 3 up.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention is a semicrystalline thermoplastic polyurethane polymer.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention has a glass transition point of ⁇ 50 ° C., preferably in the range between> 0 ° C. and ⁇ 50 ° C., determined by means of differential scanning calorimetry in accordance with DIN EN 61006 (November 2004).
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention has a melting point of> 150 ° C., more preferably between 150 ° C. and 200 ° C., determined by means of differential scanning calorimetry in accordance with DIN EN 61006 (November 2004).
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention lies between the glass transition point, determined by means of differential scanning calorimetry in accordance with DIN EN 61006 (November 2004), and the melting point, determined by means of differential scanning calorimetry in accordance with DIN EN 61006 (November 2004), of the thermoplastic polyurethane at least 100 ° C.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer can be produced, for example, in a multistage process, with at least one prepolymer, preferably a hydroxy-terminated prepolymer, made from at least one aliphatic diisocyanate I) with a molecular weight of 140 g / mol to 170 g / mol and in at least one stage at least one aliphatic diol II) with a molecular weight of 62 g / mol to 120 g / mol is formed.
- One or more polyisocyanates III) and / or one or more NCO-reactive compounds IV) can be used as further structural components.
- Components III) and IV) can be incorporated into the prepolymers, prepolymers can only be produced from them and / or used to link the prepolymers.
- Components I), II), optionally III) and optionally IV) are each selected independently of one another.
- the isocyanate components I) and optionally III) are mixed with the isocyanate-reactive components II) and optionally IV) in a molar ratio of isocyanate component: isocyanate-reactive component in the range from 1.0: 0.95 to 0.95: 1 , 0 inserted.
- a “hydroxy-terminated prepolymer” is understood to mean a prepolymer mixture in which at least 90% by number of the molecule ends have a hydroxyl group and the remaining 10% by number of molecule ends have further hydroxyl groups, NCO groups or non-reactive groups Have groups.
- a “non-reactive group” is understood to mean a group which under the reaction conditions according to the invention reacts neither with NCO groups nor with OH groups in a unit of time that corresponds to the reaction time according to the invention.
- a non-reactive group can, for example, be converted from a reactive NCO group or OH group into a non-reactive group by reaction with suitable reactants (chain terminators).
- Suitable chain terminators are all monofunctional compounds which react either with an isocyanate group or with a hydroxyl group under the reaction conditions according to the invention, for example monoalcohols such as methanol, monoamines such as diethylamine and monoisocyanates such as butyl isocyanate.
- the hydroxyl-terminated prepolymer can, for example, have a hydroxyl group at one end of the molecule and at one or the other Molecular ends, for example, an alkyl group.
- a hydroxy-terminated prepolymer is spoken of in the context of the present invention, this also always includes a mixture of the at least one hydroxy-terminated prepolymer and a non-reactively terminated prepolymer.
- the at least one hydroxy-terminated prepolymer can also be a mixture of at least one hydroxy-terminated prepolymer and at least one non-reactively terminated prepolymer.
- the at least one hydroxy-terminated prepolymer can be formed, for example, from the total amount of the aliphatic diols II) and a first partial amount of the aliphatic diisocyanates I). In one or more subsequent steps, further partial amounts of the aliphatic diisocyanates I), i.e. a second, third etc. partial amount, can then be added in order to build up further inventive, on average higher molecular weight, hydroxy-terminated prepolymers.
- the at least one hydroxy-terminated prepolymer can be formed, for example, from a first subset of the aliphatic diols II) and a first subset of the aliphatic diisocyanates I).
- further partial amounts of the aliphatic diols II) and the aliphatic diisocyanates I) can then be added in order to build up further, on average, higher molecular weight hydroxy-terminated prepolymers.
- the reaction can be carried out with or without a catalyst, but a catalyzed reaction is preferred.
- the catalysts listed above are suitable as catalysts.
- the reaction can be carried out without a solvent or in solution. In solution means that at least one of the reactants is dissolved in a solvent before it is added to the other reactant.
- the reaction is preferably carried out without a solvent.
- the process in the context of the present invention is still to be regarded as solvent-free if the content of the solvent is up to 1% by weight, preferably up to 0.1% by weight, more preferably up to 0.01% by weight, based on the total weight of the reaction mixture.
- the temperatures for forming the at least one prepolymer, preferably hydroxy-terminated prepolymer, by the process according to the invention can be selected as a function of the compounds used. However, it is preferred here if the reaction is carried out at temperatures from> 40 ° C to ⁇ 260 ° C, preferably from> 60 ° C to ⁇ 250 ° C, more preferably from> 100 ° C to ⁇ 240 ° C, particularly preferably from> 120 ° C to ⁇ 220 ° C. It is tolerated that the product experiences short-term ( ⁇ 60 seconds) deviations in the reaction temperature from the above-mentioned ranges during implementation.
- the at least one prepolymer produced in this way can, for example, be reacted with at least one chain extender to form the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer in at least one further process stage.
- Either the total amounts of the two components, ie the at least one prepolymer produced, preferably hydroxy-terminated prepolymer, and the at least one chain extender can be reacted with one another in one process stage, or a subset of one component is combined with the total amount or a subset of the other Component implemented in several process stages.
- All of the above-mentioned polyisocyanates can be used as chain extenders.
- One or more aliphatic diisocyanates with a molecular weight of 140 g / mol to 170 g / mol are preferably used as chain extenders.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention is to have aromatic groups, for example, then these can be introduced, for example, through the use of aromatic diisocyanates as chain extenders. It is also possible, for example, to produce aromatic prepolymers and to mix these with the aliphatic prepolymers in order to build up polyurethane polymers according to the invention with aromatic groups.
- the reaction of components I), II), if appropriate III) and if appropriate IV) can be carried out with or without a catalyst, although a catalyzed reaction is less preferred.
- the catalysts listed above are suitable as catalysts.
- the reaction can take place without solvent or in solution. In solution means that at least one of the reactants is dissolved in a solvent before it is added to the other reactant.
- the reaction is preferably carried out without a solvent.
- the process in the context of the present invention is still to be regarded as solvent-free if the content of the solvent is up to 1% by weight, preferably up to 0.1% by weight, even more preferably up to 0.01% by weight, based on the total weight of the reaction mixture.
- the temperatures for forming the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention by reacting the at least one prepolymer, preferably hydroxy-terminated prepolymer, with the at least one chain extender in the process according to the invention can be selected depending on the compounds used. However, it is preferred here if the reaction is carried out at temperatures from> 60 ° C to ⁇ 260 ° C, preferably from> 80 ° C to ⁇ 250 ° C, particularly preferably from> 100 ° C to ⁇ 245 ° C and very particularly preferably from > 120 ° C to ⁇ 240 ° C is carried out. It is tolerated that the product experiences short-term ( ⁇ 60 seconds) deviations in the reaction temperature from the above-mentioned ranges during implementation.
- the reaction is preferably in a temperature range from 30 K below to 150 K above the melting point, preferably from 15 K below to 100 K above, particularly preferably from 10 K below to 70 K above the melting point of the at least one prepolymer, preferably hydroxy-terminated prepolymer, or of the thermoplastic polyurethane.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer of the present invention can be carried out in a single apparatus or in a variety of apparatuses.
- the prepolymer preferably hydroxy-terminated prepolymer
- the reaction mixture can be transferred to another apparatus (e.g. extruder or other high-viscosity reactors) in order to carry out the process according to the invention to produce thermoplastic polyurethane polymer.
- the at least one aliphatic diol II) and the at least one aliphatic diisocyanate I) are reacted in at least one static mixer, dynamic mixer or mixer heat exchanger to form the at least one hydroxy-terminated prepolymer.
- the at least one aliphatic diol II) and the at least one aliphatic diisocyanate I) are reacted in a loop reactor (also called loop reactor) to form the at least one hydroxy-terminated prepolymer.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer To convert the at least one prepolymer, preferably hydroxy-terminated prepolymer, with the at least one chain extender to form the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer, it is necessary to adapt the process according to the invention to the exponential increase in viscosity in this phase.
- This is achieved by preferably using apparatus in which the reaction product is actively moved with mechanical energy. Apparatuses in which the material surfaces clean each other - apart from games - are particularly preferred.
- Such apparatus are, for example, corotating multi-screw extruders such as twin or four-screw extruders or ring extruders, counter-rotating multi-screw extruders, co-kneaders or planetary roller extruders and rotor-stator systems.
- twin-screw, large-volume kneaders can be co-rotating or rotating in opposite directions.
- large-volume kneaders are, for example, CRP (List Technology AG), Reacom (Buss-SMS-Canzler GmbH), Reasil (Buss-SMS-Canzler GmbH), KRC kneader (Kurimoto, Ltd).
- At least one such apparatus is combined with at least one static mixer, dynamic mixer, loop reactor or mixer-heat exchanger, wherein in the static mixer, dynamic mixer, loop reactor or mixer-heat exchanger from the at least one aliphatic diol II) and the at least one aliphatic diisocyanate I) the at least one prepolymer, preferably hydroxy-terminated prepolymer, is produced.
- the temperature of the mixture is increased by suitable measures in a temperature range from 30 K below to 150 K above the melting point, preferably from 15 K below to 100 K above, particularly preferably from 10 K below to 70 K is kept above the melting point of the component melting at the highest temperature or of the reaction product of the components melting at the highest temperature.
- the residence time in the static mixer, dynamic mixer, loop reactor or mixer heat exchanger is preferably so short that the increase in viscosity (due to the polyaddition reaction of the reactive components with one another) does not clog the static mixer, dynamic mixer, loop reactor or mixer.
- Heat exchanger leads or a pressure build-up is limited to ⁇ 50 bar, preferably ⁇ 30 bar, particularly preferably ⁇ 20 bar and very particularly preferably ⁇ 10 bar, and the resulting mixture is fed to an apparatus which corresponds to the list above.
- the at least one prepolymer preferably hydroxy-terminated prepolymer, is reacted with the at least one chain extender in an extruder.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention is produced in a combination of a loop reactor with an extruder.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention is produced in a combination of a static mixer, dynamic mixer, loop reactor or mixer-heat exchanger with a heated conveyor belt.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer Following the conversion to the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer, this is brought into a commercial form, typically granules.
- the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer is in the molten state, is comminuted in the molten state and solidified by cooling or first solidified by cooling and then comminuted. This can be done, for example, with the methods of strand pelletization, underwater strand pelletization, water ring pelletization and underwater pelletization known to the person skilled in the art.
- the cooling is preferably carried out with water; Cooling with air or other media is also possible.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention After reaction in a belt reactor, the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention can also be cooled, crushed and ground.
- the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention obtained in this way can, according to the invention, be mixed in a solids mixing process and melted in a further extruder and granulated again. This is particularly preferred when thermoplastic polyurethane polymer according to the invention is cooled and ground after the belt reactor, because this process also homogenizes the product shape.
- the manufacturing process according to the invention can be carried out continuously or discontinuously, i.e. as a batch process or semi-batch process.
- Organic diols, diamines and polyisocyanates can be used as chain extenders, depending on the prepolymer formed.
- NCO-terminated prepolymers for example, organic diols and diamines each having a molecular weight of 60 g / mol to 120 g / mol are suitable.
- Preferred chain extenders are aliphatic diols with a molecular weight of 62 g / mol to 120 g / mol, such as, for example, 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3- Butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,2-ethanediamine and 1,3-propanediamine.
- 1,4-Butanediol is preferably used as a chain extender to produce the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer.
- polyisocyanates with a molecular weight of 140 g / mol to 170 g / mol for example, polyisocyanates with a molecular weight of 140 g / mol to 170 g / mol, preferably aliphatic diisocyanates with a molecular weight of 140 g / mol to 170 g / mol, such as 1,4-diisocyanatobutane, 1 , 5-diisocyanatopentane, 1,6-diisocyanatohexane and 2-methyl-1,5-diisocyanatopentane.
- 1,6-diisocyanatohexane and / or 1,5-diisocyanatopentane is used as a chain extender.
- At least one mold release agent is used as component B in the thermoplastic molding composition according to the invention.
- Long-chain carboxylic acids and their soaps, esters and amides of long-chain carboxylic acids, fatty acid alcohols, polar and non-polar ethylene waxes and ionomers derived therefrom, oxidized ethylene waxes and fatty acid alcohols and mixtures of these substances are suitable as mold release agents.
- Long-chain carboxylic acids (fatty acids) to be used as mold release agents are, for example, caprylic acid, perlagonic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, montanic acid or melissic acid.
- Suitable fatty acid alcohols are, for example, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, palmityl alcohol, daturyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, lignoceryl alcohol, cerotyl alcohol and montanyl alcohol
- Suitable amide waxes are, for example, compounds which can be prepared by means of a condensation reaction of long-chain carboxylic acids with mono- or polyfunctional amines. Carboxylic acids with hydroxyl groups can also be used here.
- Preferred long-chain carboxylic acids are those branched or linear carboxylic acids with more than 11 carbon atoms. These can be saturated or unsaturated.
- Preferred carboxylic acids are stearic acid and erucic acid.
- Particularly suitable amide waxes are ethylene bis (stearamide), stearyl eurucamide, erucamide
- alkylamines with one or more amine groups come into consideration, it being possible for the amine groups to be of a primary or secondary nature and for the alkyl component to be saturated or unsaturated and to contain further substituents.
- Suitable ester waxes are compounds which can be prepared by means of a condensation reaction of at least one long-chain carboxylic acid with an alcohol.
- Suitable ester waxes are, for example, esters of the carboxylic acids described above.
- carboxylic acids fatty acids
- the following carboxylic acids (fatty acids) are particularly suitable: caprylic acid, perlagonic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, montanic acid or melissic acid.
- unsaturated or saturated alkyl compounds with at least one hydroxyl group are used for the alcohol component of the ester wax, it being possible for the hydroxyl groups to be primary, secondary or tertiary.
- suitable alcohols include erythritol, pentaerythritol, di-pentaerythritol, tri-pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, glycerine, di-glycerine, tri-glycerine, diglycerol, xylitol, mannitol, sorbitol, isosorbide, ethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,4-butane glycol , 2,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, Palmityl alcohol, daturyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostea
- ester waxes are pentaerythritol tetrastearate (PETS), montanic acid esterified with ethylene glycol (Licowax TM E), glycerol esterified lauric acid (POEM DL-100) and isosorbide diesters with Cs-Cio fatty acids (Polysorb TM ID 46, Roquette).
- PETS pentaerythritol tetrastearate
- Licowax TM E montanic acid esterified with ethylene glycol
- POEM DL-100 glycerol esterified lauric acid
- isosorbide diesters with Cs-Cio fatty acids Polysorb TM ID 46, Roquette.
- Saponified waxes are compounds of a cation and at least one anion of a long-chain carboxylic acid, the anion being obtained by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid.
- Partially saponified waxes are also regarded as saponified waxes for the purposes of the invention.
- Partially saponified waxes are mixtures of neutral carboxylic acids or esters of such carboxylic acids with salts of carboxylic acid anions and cations.
- the long-chain carboxylic acids described above are, for example, suitable as carboxylic acids.
- a montanic acid that has been partially esterified with butylene glycol and partially saponified with calcium hydroxide (Licowax TM OP) is preferred.
- Montanic acid can also be partially esterified with ethylene glycol and partially saponified with zinc hydroxide (Ceridust TM 5551).
- Preferred cations are those which are derived from the elements of the group comprising all alkali and alkaline earth metals as well as zinc and aluminum.
- the cations of the elements from the group comprising lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, barium, aluminum and zinc are particularly preferably used.
- Lithium stearate, sodium stearate, potassium stearate, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, barium stearate, aluminum stearate or zinc stearate are preferably used as saponified waxes.
- Zinc is particularly preferably used as the cation.
- Zinc stearate is particularly preferably used as the saponified wax.
- Non-polar polyethylene waxes can be produced by polymerizing ethylene or by degrading polyethylene.
- other co-monomers can also be used in the polymerization.
- Preferred co-monomers have 2 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one double bond between two carbon atoms.
- Particularly preferred co-monomers are propene, butene, butadiene, pentene, pentadiene, hexene and hexadiene.
- Polar polyethylene waxes can be produced by oxidizing non-polar polyethylene waxes, by polymerizing ethylene with polar co-monomers or grafting polar unsaturated monomers onto polyethylene.
- Preferred co-monomers have 2 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one double bond between two carbon atoms and one polar group.
- Particularly preferred co-monomers are acrylic acid, acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters and vinyl acetate (AC 540, Honeywell).
- ionomers of such polar polyethylene waxes with different degrees of neutralization and different cations can be used.
- zinc can be used as a cation for this (Aclyn TM 295 A, Honeywell).
- component B is selected from the group consisting of esters of long-chain carboxylic acids (ester waxes) and polar ethylene waxes and ionomers derived therefrom.
- component B is selected from the group consisting of esters, amides and soaps of long-chain carboxylic acids.
- Component B is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of zinc stearate, ethylene bisstearamide and waxes containing structural units of montanic acid and ethylene glycol. With these mold release agents, a particularly significant reduction in the coefficient of static and sliding friction is achieved.
- composition can contain, as component C, further polymer additives or further polymeric components.
- the additive can be, for example, additives common in the field of thermoplastic technology. It can of course also be advantageous to use several additives of several types.
- thermoplastics or mixtures of such thermoplastics are suitable as further polymeric components.
- thermoplastic molding compositions according to the invention are produced from components A, B and optionally C.
- the thermoplastic molding compositions according to the invention can be produced, for example, by mixing the respective constituents of the compositions in a known manner and at temperatures of preferably 185 ° C. to 320 ° C., particularly preferably at 190 ° C. to 280 ° C., in conventional units such as internal kneading machines, Extruders and twin screw screws melt compounded and melt extruded. This process is generally referred to as compounding in the context of this application.
- Molding compound is understood to mean the product that is obtained when components A, B and optionally C are melt-compounded or melt-extruded.
- the individual constituents of the compositions can be mixed in a known manner, both successively and simultaneously, both at about 20 ° C. (room temperature) and at a higher temperature. This means that, for example, some of the constituents can be dosed via the main intake of an extruder and the remaining constituents can be fed in later in the compounding process via a side extruder.
- the invention also relates to a process for producing the molding compositions according to the invention.
- thermoplastic molding compositions according to the invention can be used to produce moldings, films and / or fibers of all types.
- the invention therefore further provides a molded body, a film and / or a fiber, the molded body, the film or the fiber comprising at least one thermoplastic molding composition according to the invention.
- These can be produced, for example, by injection molding, extrusion, in particular pipe extrusion, blow molding processes and / or melt spinning, as well as by 3D printing.
- Another form of processing is the production of moldings by deep drawing from previously produced sheets or foils.
- Another object of the invention is the use of the molding composition according to the invention for the production of a shaped body, preferably an injection molded body or an extruded shaped body, a film, a fiber or a 3D printed shaped body.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer obtainable by reacting at least the following structural components:
- thermoplastic polyurethane polymer consist of at least 95% by weight of one or more aliphatic diisocyanates I) and one or more aliphatic diols II), based on the total mass of the structural components used, the one or more aliphatic diisocyanates I) and the one or more aliphatic diols II) are used in a molar ratio in the range from 1.0: 0.95 to 0.95: 1.0, characterized in that the ratio M z / M w of the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer is in a range from 2.3 to 6, where M z is the centrifuge mean of the molar mass and M w is the mass mean of the molar mass, each determined by gel permeation chromatography in hexafluoroisopropanol against polymethyl methacrylate as the standard
- component B is at least one representative selected from the group consisting of long-chain carboxylic acids and their soaps, esters and amides of long-chain carboxylic acids, fatty acid alcohols, polar and non-polar ethylene waxes and ionomers derived therefrom, oxidized ethylene waxes and Fatty alcohols.
- component B is at least one representative selected from the group consisting of esters of long-chain carboxylic acids and polar ethylene waxes and ionomers derived therefrom.
- Molding composition according to embodiment 2 or 3 characterized in that the esters of long-chain carboxylic acids are isosorbide esters and / or glycerol esters and that the polar ethylene waxes contain structural units derived from ethylene and acrylic acid.
- Molding composition according to one of embodiments 1 or 2 characterized in that component B is at least one at least one representative selected from the group consisting of esters, amides and soaps of long-chain carboxylic acids.
- Molding composition according to embodiment 5 characterized in that component B is at least one representative selected from the group consisting of zinc stearate, ethylene bisstearamide and waxes containing structural units of montanic acid and ethylene glycol. 7. Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments, characterized in that component B is contained in a proportion of 0.01 to 1% by weight.
- component B is contained in a proportion of 0.1 to 0.8% by weight.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that the ratio M z / M w of component A is in a range from 2.5 to 5.5.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that the ratio M z / M w of component A is in a range from 2.5 to 5.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that the M z value of component A is in a range from 100,000 g / mol to 900,000 g / mol, determined by gel permeation chromatography in hexafluoroisopropanol against polymethyl methacrylate as the standard.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that the M z value of component A is in a range from 120,000 g / mol to 760000 g / mol, determined by gel permeation chromatography in hexafluoroisopropanol against
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that the M z value of component A is in a range from 85,000 g / mol to 760,000 g / mol, determined by gel permeation chromatography in hexafluoroisopropanol against
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that component A consists of at least 96% by weight of one or more aliphatic diisocyanates I) and one or more aliphatic diols II), based on the total mass of the polyurethane polymer. 16. Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments, characterized in that component A consists of at least 99.9% by weight of one or more aliphatic diisocyanates I) and one or more aliphatic diols II), based on the total mass of the polyurethane polymer .
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that the one or more aliphatic diisocyanates I) are selected from the group consisting of 1,4-diisocyanatobutane, 1,5-diisocyanatopentane, 1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 2-methyl - 1,5-diisocyanatopentane and / or mixtures of at least two of these, preferably 1,5-diisocyanatopentane and / or 1,6-diisocyanatohexane.
- the one or more aliphatic diisocyanates I) are selected from the group consisting of 1,4-diisocyanatobutane, 1,5-diisocyanatopentane, 1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 2-methyl - 1,5-diisocyanatopentane and / or mixtures of at least two of these, preferably 1,5-diisocyanatopentane and
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that the one or more aliphatic diisocyanates I) are selected from the group consisting of 1,5-diisocyanatopentane and / or 1,6-diisocyanatohexane.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that the one or more aliphatic diisocyanate I) is 1,6-diisocyanatohexane.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that the one or more aliphatic diols II) are selected from the group consisting of 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2 -Butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol and / or mixtures of at least two of these, preferably 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol and / or mixtures of at least two of these, particularly preferably 1,4-butanediol.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that the one or more aliphatic diols II) are selected from the group consisting of 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol and / or mixtures of at least two of these, particularly preferably 1,4-butanediol.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that the one or more aliphatic diol II) is 1,4-butanediol.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that component A has a urethane group content of 40% by weight to 60% by weight, preferably from 40% by weight to 52% by weight, based on the total weight of the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer.
- component A has a urethane group content of 40% by weight to 52% by weight, based on the total weight of the thermoplastic polyurethane polymer.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that component A has a weight percentage ratio of O to N determined by means of elemental analysis of> 1.5: 1 to ⁇ 2.6: 1 and a weight ratio N to C determined by means of elemental analysis from> 1:10 to ⁇ 1: 3.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that component A is a semicrystalline thermoplastic polyurethane polymer.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that component A has a glass transition point of ⁇ 50 ° C, preferably in the range between> 0 ° C and ⁇ 50 ° C, determined with differential scanning calorimetry in accordance with DIN EN 61006 (November 2004).
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that component A has a melting point of> 150 ° C, preferably in the range between 150 ° C and 200 ° C, determined using differential scanning calorimetry in accordance with DIN EN 61006 (November 2004) .
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that between the glass transition point, determined using differential scanning calorimetry according to DIN EN 61006 (November 2004), and the melting point, determined using differential scanning calorimetry according to DIN EN 61006 (November 2004), the Keep component A at least 100 ° C.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that the structural components used to produce component A comprise 95% by weight to 99.9% by weight of one or more aliphatic diisocyanates I) and one or more aliphatic diols II ) and from 0.1% by weight to 5% by weight of one or more polyisocyanates III) and / or one or more NCO-reactive compounds IV), based on the total mass of the structural components used.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that component A has 0.05-5% by weight, thermoset fractions.
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments characterized in that component A has 0.5-1% by weight of duroplastic proportions
- Molding composition according to one of the preceding embodiments further comprising as component C at least one polymer additive different from component B and / or a further thermoplastic polymer.
- a method for producing a molding compound characterized in that components A, B and optionally C are melt-compounded or melt-extruded.
- Figure 1 Preferred embodiment of a structure for carrying out a two-stage continuous production of a thermoplastic polyurethane according to the invention, by reaction sequence in loop reactor and extruder.
- RT room temperature
- 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI, purity> 99% by weight) was obtained from Covestro AG.
- 1,4-Butanediol (BDO, purity> 99% by weight) was obtained from Ashland.
- Hexafluoroisopropanol was obtained from the company flurochem in a purity of 99.9% by weight.
- the molar masses of the polymers were determined with the aid of gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the sample to be measured was dissolved in a solution of 3 g of potassium trifluoroacetate in 400 cubic centimeters of hexafluoroisopropanol (sample concentration approx. 2 mg / cubic centimeter).
- the respective GPCs were measured with the following components at a flow rate of 1 cubic centimeter / minute:
- Degassing Degaser PSS (Polymer Standards Service GmbH)
- a 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate stream A was conveyed to a static mixer 7 from a 250 liter receiver for 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate 1 with the aid of a toothed ring pump 2 (from HNP, MZR 7255).
- the throughput of the 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate stream A was measured by means of a mass flow meter 3 (Bronkhorst Company, Mini Cori-Flow MIX, max. Flow rate 12 kg / h).
- a 1,4-butanediol stream B was conveyed to the static mixer 7 from a 250 liter receiver for 1,4-butanediol 4 with the aid of a gerotor pump 5 (from HNP, MZR 7205).
- the throughput of the 1,4-butanediol stream was measured by means of a mass flow meter 6 (Bronkhorst Company, Mini Cori-Flow MIX, max. Flow rate 8 kg / h).
- the temperature of the 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate was room temperature.
- the temperature of the 1,4-butanediol was 40 ° C.
- the temperature of stream D was 182 ° C.
- the mixed and partially already reacted stream H was fed into a temperature-controllable static mixer 9. Most of the reaction took place there and the heat of reaction generated was dissipated.
- the temperature-controllable static mixer 9 was constructed similarly to a Sulzer SMR reactor with internal, crossed tubes. It had an internal volume of 1.9 liters and a heat exchange surface of 0.44 square meters. It was heated / cooled with thermal oil. The heating medium temperature at the inlet was 180 ° C.
- the product stream emerged from the temperature-controllable static mixer 9 as largely fully reacted stream E at a temperature of 183.degree.
- the stream E was split into two substreams F and G at a branch 11.
- the pressure of partial flow F was increased at a gear pump 10. After the pump, the partial flow F became the above-mentioned partial flow D.
- the gear pump 10 (Witte Chem 25.6-3) had a volume per revolution of 25.6 cubic centimeters and a speed of 50 per minute.
- stream G was identical to that of stream C.
- Stream G consisted of oligomer.
- the entire circuit consisted of double-walled pipelines and apparatus that were heated with thermal oil. The heating medium temperature was 182 ° C.
- the flow G was routed past a three-way valve 13. There, when starting and stopping or in the event of malfunctions, a waste container 14, an open 60- Liter metal barrel with suction. In regular operation, the stream G was passed to an extruder 18.
- a 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate stream J was withdrawn from 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate initial charge 1 with the aid of a micro annular gear pump 15 (MZR 6355 from HNP).
- the throughput of the 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate stream J was measured by means of a mass flow meter 16 (Bronkhorst, Mini Cori-Flow, MIX, maximum flow 2 kg / h).
- the temperature of the 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate stream J was also room temperature. This stream was also directed to the extruder 18.
- the extruder 18 was a ZSK 26 MC from Coperion, which was operated at temperatures of 200 ° C. and a speed of 66 revolutions per minute.
- stream G was freed from any inert gases and possible volatile reaction products that had been entrained with streams A and B via a vent 17, which was operated at about 1 mbar negative pressure compared to the ambient pressure.
- the 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate stream J was added and the reaction to form the polymer was carried out.
- the resulting polymer stream was freed from volatile constituents via a degassing device 19. The pressure in this degassing was 200 mbar below ambient pressure.
- the polymer stream K was pressed out through two nozzles, cooled in a water bath 20 filled with deionized water (deionized water) and cut into granules by a granulator 21.
- Table 1 shows the streams that were used to produce component A.
- Table 1 Material flows in the production of component A.
- Component A has a glass transition temperature Tg of 34.degree. C. and a melt temperature Tm of 183.degree.
- Component A has a urethane group content according to the calculation presented above of 48%.
- Component B is a compound having Component B:
- PTS pentaerythritol tetrastearate
- Loxiol TM P 8.61 Emery Oleochemicals
- BIO Long-chain wax ester based on Camauba wax -> cs is an additive that is made entirely from renewable raw materials (Völpker Wax TM J 4418, Völpker)
- Bl l Diglycerol fatty acid ester (POEM TM DL 100K, Riken Vitamins)
- the components were mixed in a ZSK-25 twin-screw extruder from Werner & Pfleiderer at a melt temperature of 200.degree.
- the moldings were produced at a melt temperature of 200 ° C. and a mold temperature of 60 ° C. on an Arburg 270 E injection molding machine.
- the coefficients of friction were determined using a modified Arburg-370S-800-150 injection molding machine. The method is described in EP 1 377 812 Bl.
- Static friction is the coefficient of friction that is derived from the force required to set objects (stamp / test object) at rest relative to one another in motion (threshold value).
- the sliding friction is derived from the constant force that is necessary to continue the movement evenly.
- a disk-shaped test specimen with an outer diameter of 92 mm and a thickness of 2.6 mm was produced in a friction coefficient tool. This had a 5 mm high and 3 mm wide web on the outer edge, on which there were shallow depressions, comparable to a toothed belt pulley, whereby the torque is transmitted from the tool to the test specimen.
- the materials were melted on an injection molding machine and injected at a melt temperature of 220 ° C. into the closed friction coefficient mold with a mold wall temperature of 60 ° C. and held under holding pressure of 400 bar for 15 seconds. After a remaining cooling time of 17 seconds, the tool was opened slightly and the coefficients of static and sliding friction were determined.
- Tables 2a and 2b summarize molding compounds and the coefficients of friction obtained as described here.
- the data show that the molding compositions according to the invention have significantly reduced coefficients of static and sliding friction compared to the molding composition VI, which is not according to the invention. This also improves the demolding behavior in the injection molding tool.
- Table 2a Compositions of the molding materials and their properties.
- Table 2b Compositions of the molding compositions and their properties.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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EP19216843 | 2019-12-17 | ||
PCT/EP2020/085410 WO2021122258A1 (de) | 2019-12-17 | 2020-12-10 | Thermoplastische formmasse mit gutem entformungsverhalten |
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EP20820169.9A Withdrawn EP4077440A1 (de) | 2019-12-17 | 2020-12-10 | Thermoplastische formmasse mit gutem entformungsverhalten |
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US (1) | US20230021101A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4077440A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN114787220A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2021122258A1 (de) |
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DE728981C (de) | 1937-11-13 | 1942-12-07 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethanen bzw. Polyharnstoffen |
DE59007601D1 (de) | 1989-06-23 | 1994-12-08 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Überzügen. |
DE10116760A1 (de) | 2001-04-04 | 2002-10-17 | Bayer Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Reibungskoeffizienten |
DE102012218846A1 (de) * | 2012-10-16 | 2014-04-17 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Herstellung und Verwendung neuer thermoplastischer Polyurethan-Elastomere auf Basis von Polyethercarbonatpolyolen |
-
2020
- 2020-12-10 CN CN202080086620.5A patent/CN114787220A/zh active Pending
- 2020-12-10 US US17/781,502 patent/US20230021101A1/en active Pending
- 2020-12-10 WO PCT/EP2020/085410 patent/WO2021122258A1/de unknown
- 2020-12-10 EP EP20820169.9A patent/EP4077440A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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Publication number | Publication date |
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US20230021101A1 (en) | 2023-01-19 |
WO2021122258A1 (de) | 2021-06-24 |
CN114787220A (zh) | 2022-07-22 |
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