EP4070530A1 - Procédé de transmission cyclique de données entre des abonnés de communication sur un canal de transmission de données et système de transmission de données - Google Patents

Procédé de transmission cyclique de données entre des abonnés de communication sur un canal de transmission de données et système de transmission de données

Info

Publication number
EP4070530A1
EP4070530A1 EP20824221.4A EP20824221A EP4070530A1 EP 4070530 A1 EP4070530 A1 EP 4070530A1 EP 20824221 A EP20824221 A EP 20824221A EP 4070530 A1 EP4070530 A1 EP 4070530A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
data
transmission
generator
processor
cycle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20824221.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4070530C0 (fr
EP4070530B1 (fr
Inventor
Holger BÜTTNER
Daniel SCHLOTTHAUER
Marcel PETERS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beckhoff Automation GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Beckhoff Automation GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beckhoff Automation GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Beckhoff Automation GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP4070530A1 publication Critical patent/EP4070530A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4070530C0 publication Critical patent/EP4070530C0/fr
Publication of EP4070530B1 publication Critical patent/EP4070530B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/08—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0026—Transmission of channel quality indication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0027—Scheduling of signalling, e.g. occurrence thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
    • H04L1/1887—Scheduling and prioritising arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L2001/0092—Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link
    • H04L2001/0094—Bus

Definitions

  • decentralized devices of machine peripherals such as I / O modules, measuring transducers, drives, valves and operator terminals communicate with control devices via a powerful real-time communication network. All devices, hereinafter also referred to as communication participants, are connected to one another via a data transmission channel, preferably a fieldbus, the data exchange mostly being carried out on the basis of the master-slave principle.
  • the active communication participants on the fieldbus are the control devices. You are in possession of a bus access authorization and determine the data transfer.
  • the active communication participants are also referred to as master participants.
  • the passive communication participants are usually the machine peripheral devices. You have no bus access authorization and are only allowed to acknowledge received data or transmit data to a master participant upon request.
  • the passive communication participants are also referred to as slave participants.
  • Control processes in production and process automation are usually composed of tasks to be carried out cyclically. These tasks are carried out in such a way that the slave participants, which form the machine peripherals, supply input process data via the fieldbus to the master participant, who is responsible for the process control. Output process data are then generated in the master participant in accordance with the task to be performed and transferred back to the slave participants via the fieldbus.
  • the data are usually exchanged between the communication participants in the form of discrete data packets, which are also referred to as telegrams in the following.
  • the telegram structure is usually based on the Ethernet standard.
  • the field bus system can repeat incorrectly transmitted telegrams in order to counter faults in data transmission. This can be implemented in such a way that the master participant sends a telegram to a slave participant and then waits for a reply telegram. The slave participant can respond with a separate telegram or with the same telegram if the slave participant processes the telegrams in transit. If the master subscriber does not receive a response within a specified time, it sends the originally sent telegram again. Such a method is described, for example, in DE 102016 121 019 A1, in which a master subscriber sends a telegram that has already been sent a second time if the receipt of the first sent telegram has not been acknowledged by the slave subscriber.
  • Another implementation option is for the master subscriber to send a telegram sequence instead of a single telegram, which comprises several telegrams with essentially the same content. For successful transmission, it is then sufficient for the slave subscriber to receive at least one of the telegrams from the telegram repetition sequence. Such a method is described, for example, in DE 102015 117937 A1.
  • the time at which the action is carried out depends on when the repeat telegram is received in the event of an error or on which telegram in a telegram sequence the communication participant reacts. This can be problematic in particular if several communication participants are to be operated synchronously in the field bus system.
  • US Pat. No. 7,373,578 B2 describes a method for lossless data transmission with a telegram repetition in which the telegram repetition is postponed to the next communication cycle in the event of a disturbed communication, so that the bandwidth of the communication cycle remains constant. However, this procedure cannot guarantee that the recipient will receive the latest data in every communication cycle.
  • data are transmitted cyclically between communication participants on a data transmission channel which is operated at a data transmission rate at which a first volume of data can be transmitted in each transmission cycle.
  • One communication participant acts as a data processor and another communication participant acts as a data generator.
  • the data generator provides a second volume of data for each transmission cycle. The first amount of data exceeds the second amount of data by a percentage.
  • the data generator transmits the data provided by the data generator to the data processor at the data transmission rate of the data transmission channel.
  • the data processor processes the data received from the data generator on the data transmission channel delayed by the number of transmission cycles that the data generator needs to respond to a command from the data processor.
  • the data processor uses a repeat command to indicate a transmission cycle to the data generator as faulty if an error occurred during the data transmission in the transmission cycle, the data generator transmitting the data on receipt of the repeat command of the transmission cycle indicated as faulty by the data processor is repeated.
  • the first amount of data indicates the amount of data that can be transmitted per transmission cycle.
  • the second data volume is generated by the data generator for each transmission cycle.
  • the generated second data sets are then transmitted with data packets which can have the size of the first data set, i.e. are larger than the second data set, so that more than the second data set can be transmitted with one data packet in one transmission cycle. In this way, a redundant transmission cycle is provided in each communication cycle, which can be used to repeat a faulty data transmission.
  • the dead time by which the data processor begins to process the data received from the data generator on the data transmission channel delayed, can remain as short as possible and be precisely matched to the number of transmission cycles that the data generator needs to to respond to a command from the data processor.
  • the percentage by which the first data volume exceeds the second data volume, multiplied n times, can correspond to the second data volume, where n is an integer greater than 1.
  • the data processor then discards the data received from the data generator in a transmission cycle if the data generator transmits less than the first amount of data in the transmission cycle.
  • the data processor can be designed to send a processor data unit in each transmission cycle, to which the data generator responds with a generator data unit in the respective transmission cycle, the processor data unit containing a data element with which the repetition -Command is transmitted. If the protocol used in the data transmission system enables data processing in transit, both the processor data unit and the producer data unit can be transmitted with a single telegram in one transmission cycle. The fieldbus protocol EtherCAT enables such data processing in transit. Alternatively, there is also the possibility of sending the processor data unit as well as the generator data unit in one transmission cycle with the aid of a separate telegram. The data transmission with a processor data unit and a producer data unit in a transmission cycle thus gives maximum flexibility in the design of the data transmission system.
  • the dead time which corresponds to the number of transmission cycles that the data generator needs to react to a command from the data processor, can be determined.
  • the transmission cycle is then designed to provide a data value sequence in successive processor data units of the initialization sequence, in which an individual data value is assigned to each transmission cycle of the initialization sequence, the data generator sending the data value to the data processor after it has been recorded in the next Entries the producer data unit.
  • the dead time can be determined easily and reliably, which determines the delay set in the data processor for the processing of user data from the data generator.
  • the data processor can be designed to enter a data element in the processor data unit with which an operating status command is transmitted which indicates that the transmission cycle is part of an initialization sequence or part of a data transmission sequence.
  • the data processor can also be designed to enter a data element with which a data command is transmitted in the processor data unit which the second amount of data generated by the data generator in a transmission cycle can be changed.
  • the data generator can be designed to enter a data element in the generator data unit with which a transmission status command is transmitted which indicates whether the data elements provided in the generator data unit for useful data are completely occupied with useful data.
  • the data generator can be designed to enter a data element in the generator data unit with which a transmission status command is transmitted which indicates the number of data elements occupied with useful data in the generator data unit.
  • the data generator can have an intermediate memory in the form of a ring memory for taking on the generated second data volume.
  • the second volume of data can be stored one after the other for successive transmission cycles and easily addressed.
  • the communication cycle time and the size of the ring memory it must be ensured that no data is overwritten in the ring memory that has not yet been transferred from the data generator to the data processor.
  • the invention is tert erläu below with reference to preferred embodiments.
  • Fig. 1 shows in its most general form the structure of a data transmission system for the cyclical transmission of data between two communication participants on a data transmission channel, one communication participant acting as a data processor and the other communication participant as a data generator.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a buffer for the data generator in the data transmission system according to FIG. 1 in the form of a ring memory.
  • FIG. 3 shows a first sequence for a cyclical transmission of useful data between the data processor and the data generator in the data transmission system according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows a second sequence for a cyclical transmission of useful data between the data processor and the data generator in the data transmission system according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 shows a third sequence for a cyclical transmission of useful data between the data processor and the data generator in the data transmission system according to FIG. 1.
  • the data transmission system for the cyclical transmission of data between communication participants on a data transmission channel is explained for applications in the field of automation technology, i.e. the control and monitoring of technical processes with the aid of software, but is not limited to such an application.
  • control devices communicate with a distributed sensor / actuator level via a local communication network.
  • the communication networks used are field bus systems and can be implemented in different topologies, e.g. as a ring, star, line or tree topology.
  • the active communication participants on the field bus system are the control devices that, as master participants, determine the data traffic.
  • the master participants have access authorization to the data transmission channel and can thus independently output data on the data transmission channel.
  • the passive communication participants on the field bus system are the sensors and actuators that receive data as slave participants or that are allowed to transmit data to the master participant upon request.
  • the programs that control, monitor and regulate technical processes generally have several control tasks, each of which has input and output process images.
  • the process data are assigned to the sensors and actuators, i.e. the slave participants that form the interfaces to the process.
  • the input process data are requested by the control devices, ie the master participants on the fieldbus via the data transmission channel from the sensors, processed after receipt by the control devices on the basis of the control tasks, in order then to be transmitted as the output process data via the data transmission channel to the actuators become.
  • the process data exchange on the data transmission channel generally takes place in the form of discrete data packets, hereinafter also referred to as telegrams, which are usually transmitted cyclically.
  • the telegram structure is usually based on the Ethernet standard, the transmission protocol used on the fieldbus preferably guaranteeing real-time transmission with low jitter.
  • the following procedure is used:
  • data is transmitted cyclically on a data transmission channel which is operated at a data transmission rate at which a first volume of data can be transmitted in each transmission cycle.
  • a data generator also provides a second amount of data for each transmission cycle, the first amount of data exceeding the second amount of data by a percentage.
  • the data generator transmits the data made available by the data generator to a data processor at the data transmission rate of the data transmission channel.
  • the data processor processes the data received from the data generator on the data transmission channel delayed by the number of transmission cycles that the data generator needs to respond to a command from the data processor.
  • the data processor uses a repeat command to indicate a transmission cycle to the data generator as faulty, the data generator transmitting the data on receipt of the repeat command of the transmission cycle indicated as faulty by the data processor is repeated.
  • the percentage by which the first amount of data exceeds the second amount of data, multiplied n times, can correspond to the second amount of data, where n is an integer greater than 1.
  • the data processor then discards the data received from the data generator in a transmission cycle if the data generator transmits less than the first amount of data in the transmission cycle. With this procedure it can be ensured in a simple manner that the data processor receives new data in each communication cycle and at the same time a redundant transmission cycle is provided for a possible repetition of a faulty data transmission.
  • the percentage by which the first data volume exceeds the second data volume, multiplied n times, corresponds exactly to the second data volume.
  • the data processor can then be designed in such a way that if data is received several times, this data is then only processed once. This can be done in such a way that the data processor checks whether the data received from the data generator in a transmission cycle are already known from a previous transmission cycle and are available to the data processor. The data The processor then either discards the data already available or the data received again.
  • Fig. 1 shows in its most general form the structure of a data transmission system for the cyclical transmission of data between two communication participants on a data transmission channel 1 according to the above procedure.
  • One communication participant is the data processor 2 and the other communication participant is the data generator 3.
  • a transmission cycle on the data transmission channel 1 is carried out in such a way that data is exchanged between the data processor 2 and the data generator 3 in both directions become.
  • the data transmission channel 1 is then the field bus, the data processor 2 representing a control device which, as a master participant, determines the data traffic on the field bus.
  • the data generator 3, is a slave participant on the fieldbus, that is to say a machine peripheral device that transmits data to the master participant upon request.
  • a large number of data generators 3, that is to say slave participants are connected to the fieldbus, that is to say the data transmission channel 1, and are addressed in parallel by the data processor 2, that is, the master participant.
  • data can be transmitted from data processor 2 to data generator 3 and data from data generator 3 to data processor 2 with a single telegram in one transmission cycle.
  • the fieldbus protocol EtherCAT enables this type of data processing in transit.
  • each communication participant i.e. both the data processor 2 and the data generator 3, sends data in one transmission cycle with the aid of a separate telegram.
  • synchronous data processing in the data processor 2 in which the data processor 2 processes new data in each communication cycle, which is the particular objective when processing process data in the context of control tasks, it must be taken into account how many transmission cycles the Data generator 3 required for a data exchange in order to react to a command in the received telegram after receiving a telegram from the data processor 2.
  • the data processor 2 is then set so that data received on the data transmission channel 1 are processed with a delay by the number of transmission cycles that the data generator 3 needs to react to the command of the data processor 2. This ensures that when the data processor 2 sends the data generator 3 with a repeat command, the data is transmitted in one transmission cycle as indicates incorrectly, the data processor 2 also receives the data transmitted again by the data generator 3 after receiving the repeat command, before the data processor 2 carries out the processing of this data.
  • the dead time which must be set to at least one in the data processor 2, as short as possible. If each communication participant, ie both the data processor 2 and the data generator 3 send data in a transmission cycle using their own telegram, the data generator 3 can send the data once again in response to the Repeat command of the data processor 2 can be carried out in one and the same transmission cycle, since the telegrams of the two communication participants can be carried out offset in time to one another.
  • the data generator 3 then has sufficient time to evaluate the telegram from the data processor 2 before the data generator 3 sends its telegram in the transmission cycle in order to use the telegram to repeat a telegram in response to a repeat command from the data processor 2 to run.
  • the minimum dead time for the processing of the data by the data processor 2 is one transmission cycle in this case.
  • the reaction of the data generator 3 can, if a corresponding setting has been made in the data generator 3, only take place in the following transmission cycle or in an even later transmission cycle.
  • both data from the data processor 2 to the data generator 3 and data from the data generator 3 to the data processor 2 are transmitted with a single telegram in a transmission cycle, it is necessary if a minimum dead time for processing the Data by the data processor 2 is to be achieved by only one transmission cycle, the passage of the telegram through the data generator 3 should be designed so that the data generator 3 has sufficient time to evaluate the data sent by the data processor 2 with the telegram Has commands.
  • the data generator 3 can then interpret the commands of the data processor 2 sent with the telegram before the data generator 3 enters its data in the telegram.
  • the data generator 3 can thus send the data from the faulty transmission cycle again with the telegram with which the data generator 3 sent a repeat command. If such a command interpretation in the data generator 3 is not possible during the telegram run, the response of the data generator 3 to a repeat command, namely a one-time transmission of the data of the faulty transmission cycle, can also only occur with the ongoing Telegram of the following transmission cycle or with the continuous telegram in an even later transmission cycle.
  • the data generator 3 generally generates the same amount of data in each transmission cycle.
  • the data processor 2 is then also set in such a way that the data processor 2 processes at least the amount of data provided by the data generator 3 in each transmission cycle.
  • the data generator 3 can also generate different amounts of data for different transmission cycles.
  • the processing capacity of the data processor 2 is then matched to the amount of data supplied by the data generator 3 in the transmission cycle.
  • the data generated by the data generator 3 are stored locally in a buffer store in order to then be sent within the scope of a transmission cycle upon request by the data processor 2.
  • the buffer in the data generator 3 can be designed as a ring memory. With a ring buffer, the data are saved one after the other. When the end of the ring buffer is reached, it starts again at the beginning.
  • the communication cycle time and the memory size of the ring memory it must be ensured that no data is overwritten in the ring memory that has not yet been transferred from the data generator 3 to the data processor 2. It must therefore be ensured that the data generator 3 does not generate more new data on average, i.e. viewed over several communication cycles, than can be transmitted from the data generator 3 to the data processor 2 within the framework of these several communication cycles.
  • the following is an example of the procedure for lossless cyclical transmission of data between the data generator 3 and the data processor 2 on the data transmission channel 1, in which a constant bandwidth of the communication cycle is guaranteed even when the data transmission is repeated explained.
  • the specific design of the data transmission technology is not discussed here.
  • the data generator 3 provides a data packet with four data fields in each transmission cycle, each data field containing a fixed number of data elements, for example the size of one byte.
  • the data elements of the four data fields are each user data, for example process data, which are intended for processing by the data processor 2 as part of control tasks.
  • an embodiment of the buffer for the data generator 3 for receiving the data generated by the data generator 3 is shown in the form of a ring memory.
  • the ring memory is designed in such a way that data provided by the data generator 3 can be received from 20 transmission cycles.
  • the individual data packets are designated in the ring memory in FIG. 2 as data cycle 1-20.
  • the subdivision of any data packet in the ring memory, which is identified as a data cycle with the number n, into the four data fields is then further shown in an additional section. Each of the data fields is labeled with the letter D, the number n of the data packet data cycle and a consecutive number from 1 to 4.
  • the data transmission channel 1 is operated at a data transmission rate at which a data volume of five data fields can be transmitted from the data generator 3 to the data processor 2 in each transmission cycle.
  • the amount of data that can be transmitted in one transmission cycle thus exceeds the amount of data generated by the data generator 3 for one transmission cycle by a quarter, expressed as a percentage by 25%.
  • the amount of data generated by the data generator 3 for five transmission cycles can be transmitted.
  • the bandwidth of the communication cycle in the data transmission system is five transmission cycles, with one of the five transmission cycles being redundant with regard to the transmission of the amount of data provided by the data generator 3 for the five transmission cycles and being defective for the repetition of the transmission of data from one detected transmission cycle can be used.
  • the first data volume that can be transmitted from data generator 3 to data processor 2 in one transmission cycle exceeds the second data volume generated by data generator 3 for one transmission cycle by a percentage which, multiplied n times, corresponds to the second data volume, where n is an integer greater than 1.
  • the ring memory shown in FIG. 2 has 16 memory addresses A1-A16 for transmitting the data from the data generator 3 that can be stored in the ring memory from the 20 transmission cycles assigned, as indicated in Fig. 2 with brackets.
  • Each memory address A1-A16 identifies a data area made up of five data fields, the data of which can be transmitted on the data transmission channel 1 from the data generator 3 to the data processor 2 in one transmission cycle.
  • the data processor 2 sends one processor data unit from two data fields to the data generator 3 in each transmission cycle.
  • the data generator 3 responds in the respective transmission cycle to the processor data unit of the data processor 2 with a generator data unit consisting of seven data fields.
  • the processor data unit with two data fields and the producer data unit with seven data fields can, as explained above as alternatives, be maintained in a single telegram or also be transmitted as separate telegrams.
  • the two data fields sent by the data processor 2 in the transmission cycle in the processor data unit are reserved for data elements that are each interpreted as command data.
  • the first data field in the processor data unit contains, as will be further shown and explained by way of example later in connection with FIG. 3, at least two data elements, a first command data element being an operating status command E and a second command data element Repeat command R is, each of which can assume the value 0 or the value 1.
  • the value O of the operating status command E indicates that the transmission cycle is part of an initialization sequence.
  • the value 1 of the transmission status command E indicates that the transmission cycle is part of a data transmission sequence.
  • the value O of the repeat command R indicates that the previous transmission cycle was carried out without errors.
  • the value 1 of the repeat command R indicates that an error occurred during the data transmission in the previous transmission cycle.
  • further command data elements can be contained in the first data field.
  • the data elements in the second data field of the processor data unit are interpreted as a function of the values of the command data elements in the first data field of the processor data unit and can be data values or address values ID.
  • the address values ID relate in particular to the 16 memory addresses A1-A16 of the ring memory shown in FIG.
  • the first two data fields in the producer data unit are reserved for data elements that are each interpreted as command data.
  • the other five data fields in the generator data unit are used to transfer the useful data, which were made available by the data generator 3 and are temporarily stored in the ring memory, to the data processor 2.
  • Each user data field of the generator data unit can receive a data field provided by the data generator 3 and temporarily stored in the ring memory.
  • the first data field of the producer data unit contains at least one transmission status command F, which can assume the value 0 or the value 1, as a command data element.
  • the value O of the transmission status command F indicates that the five user data fields of the producer data unit are not completely filled with data, and the value 1 of the transmission status command F indicates that the five user data fields of the producer data unit are completely filled with Data are occupied.
  • the transmission status command F can also always specify the exact number of occupied useful data fields of the producer data unit as a value.
  • the data elements in the second data field of the producer data unit are then interpreted as a function of the values of the command data elements in the first data field of the producer data unit and can be data values or address values ID.
  • the address values ID relate in particular to the 16 memory addresses A1-A16 of the ring memory shown in FIG.
  • Fig. 3 a first sequence of the first nine transmission cycles cycle 0 to cycle 8 for a cyclical transmission of user data between the data processor 2 and the data generator 3 on the data transmission channel 1 is shown.
  • both the data processor 2 sends a processor data unit with two data fields and the data generator 3 sends a generator data unit with seven data fields.
  • the communication cycle for data transmission in the data transmission system is made up of five successive transmission cycles, as has also been explained above.
  • a first communication cycle begins with the fifth transmission cycle, cycle 4, and ends with the ninth transmission cycle, cycle 8.
  • the dead time which corresponds to the number of transmission cycles that the data generator 3 needs to respond to a command from the data processor 2 is set in an initialization sequence with the preceding transmission cycles Data transmission system determined.
  • the data processor 2 is then set so that the data processor 2 processes the useful data received from the data generator 3 on the data transmission channel 1 with a delay of at least the number of transmission cycles that corresponds to the dead time.
  • the data transmission system is designed in such a way that the data generator 3 requires a transmission cycle for the interpretation of commands from the data processor 2.
  • a data value X is transmitted in the second data field of the first processor data unit.
  • the remaining six data fields of the first producer data unit remain free.
  • the value 0 of the transmission status command F indicates that the five user data fields of the producer data unit are not completely filled with data.
  • the data processor 2 enters a data value X + 1 that is higher than the data value X of the first processor data unit.
  • a data value sequence is provided with the successive processor data units of the initialization sequence an individual data value is assigned to each transmission cycle of the initialization sequence. Instead of incrementing the data value, it can also be decremented.
  • a sequence of data values that has been individualized in another way can also be entered in the second data field of the processor data unit.
  • the data processor 2 finds out during the evaluation of the second producer data unit through the feedback of the data value X, which the data processor 2 sent with the first processor data unit in the first transmission cycle cycle 0, that the data producer 3 responds to the command from data processor 2 with a transmission cycle delay. For the data processor 2 there is then a dead time with which the data processor 2 has to process the user data received from the data generator with a delay in order to allow the data generator to react to commands from the data processor 2, of two transmission cycles.
  • the data processor 2 terminates the initialization mode after the second transmission cycle cycle 1 and goes over to the transmission mode.
  • the initialization sequence prior to the actual data transmission can, however, in principle also be omitted if the data processor 2 knows how many transmission cycles the data generator 3 needs in order to react to commands from the data processor 2. The number of transmission cycles by which the processing of user data in the data processor 2 must be delayed compared to the transmission cycle in which the user data was received can then be set directly in the data processor 2.
  • the data generator 3 replies to the third processor data unit sent by the data processor 2 in the third transmission cycle cycle 2 with a third generator data unit that responds to the second processor sent in the second transmission cycle cycle 1
  • the five user data fields remain empty.
  • data processor 2 In the transmission mode, to which data processor 2 switched with the third transmission cycle cycle 2, data processor 2 only continues to process producer data units if the transmission status command F in the first data field with the value 1 indicates that all five user data fields the producer data unit contain data.
  • the third generator data unit sent by the data generator 3 in the third transmission cycle, cycle 2, which has the transmission status command F 0 in the first data field, is therefore discarded by the data processor 2.
  • the data processor 2 then continues the transmission mode with the fourth transmission cycle cycle 3, in which the data processor 2 sends a fourth processor data unit which is identical to the third processor data unit from the third transmission cycle cycle 2.
  • the second data field of the fourth processor data unit remains empty.
  • the data generator 3, who in the meantime has evaluated the third processor data unit that indicates the change to the transmission mode to the data generator with the operating status command E 1, begins to provide useful data for the fourth transmission cycle Cycle 3.
  • the data generator 3 is designed to provide a data packet data cycle with four data fields for each transmission cycle, which is stored in the ring memory of the data generator 3.
  • the first data packet Data Cycle 1 generated by the data generator 3, which comprises the four data fields D11-D14, is stored in the ring memory under the first memory address A1.
  • the data generator 3 then enters the four data fields D11-D14 of the first data packet Data Cycle 1 in the first four of the five useful data fields of the fourth generator data unit.
  • the fifth user data field remains empty, since no further data is provided by the data generator 3 in the ring memory.
  • the data processor 2 starts the fifth transmission cycle cycle 4 with the fifth processor data unit, which corresponds to the fourth processor data unit from the fourth transmission cycle cycle 3. This means that the operating status command E is set to the value 1 and the repeat command R is set to the value 0 in the first data field of the fifth processor data unit.
  • the data generator 3 After evaluating the fourth processor data unit, the data generator 3 has in the meantime stored a second data packet Data Cycle 2 with four data fields D21-D24 in the ring buffer. The first eight data fields in the ring memory of the data generator 3 are now occupied by the first data packets Data Cycle 1 and the second data packets Data Cycle 2 generated by the data generator 3.
  • the data generator 3 is set in the transmission mode in such a way that the data generator 3 displays the value 0 for the transmission status command F in the first data field of the previously transmitted generator data unit, the data in the useful data fields of the generator Data unit are repeated in the useful data fields of the next generator data unit.
  • the data producer 3 Since the five user data fields in the fourth producer data unit were not completely filled with data and the transmission status command F was therefore set to the value 0, the data producer 3 enters the four data fields D11- in the five user data fields of the fifth producer data unit. D14 of the first data packet Data Cycle 1 and the first data field D21 of the second data packet Data Cycle 2, which are stored under the first ring memory address A1.
  • the transmission status command F in the first data field of the fifth producer data unit now receives the value 1, which indicates that the five useful data fields of the fifth producer data unit are completely occupied with data.
  • the first memory address A1 of the ring memory is again specified as the address value ID.
  • FIG. 3 shows the corresponding sixth to ninth processing data units for the sixth transmission cycle, cycle 5 to ninth transmission cycle, cycle 8.
  • the data generator 3 provides a further data packet data cycle in each case for the further transmission cycles after the processor data unit has been evaluated from the previous transmission cycle.
  • the data generator 3 generates the third data packet Data Cycle 3 with the four data fields D31-D34 for the sixth transmission cycle cycle 5 and the fourth data packet for the seventh transmission cycle cycle 6 Data cycle 4 with the four data fields D41-D44, for the eighth transmission cycle cycle 7 the fifth data packet Data Cycle 5 with the four data fields of D51-D54 and for the ninth transmission cycle cycle 8 the sixth data packet Data Cycle 6 with the four data fields D61 -D64.
  • the data fields of the ring memory in data generator 3 are then completely filled in the sixth transmission cycle cycle 5 at the second memory address A2, in the seventh transmission cycle cycle 6 at the third memory address A3 and in the eighth transmission cycle cycle 7 at the fourth ring memory address A4.
  • the second data field then specifies the transmitted ring memory address ID, the second memory address A2 for the sixth generator data unit, the third memory address A3 for the seventh generator data unit and the fourth ring memory address A4 for the eighth generator data unit.
  • the data generator 3 then enters the data stored under the ring memory addresses specified in the second data field.
  • these are the three data fields remaining after the fifth generator data unit of D22-D24 of the second data packet Data Cycle 2 and the first two data fields D31-D32 of the third data packet Data Cycle 3.
  • the seventh generator data unit contains In the five user data fields, the remaining two data fields D33-D34 of the fourth data packet Data Cycle 4 and the first three data fields D41-D43 of the fourth data packet Data Cycle 4.
  • the remaining data field D44 of the fourth data packet is in the five user data fields of the eighth generator data unit Data cycle 4 and the four data fields D51-D54 of the fifth data packet Data Cycle 5 contain.
  • the data generator 3 is available for the user data transmission with the ninth generator data unit in the ring memory under the fifth ring memory address A5, which the data generator 3 enters in the second data field of the ninth generator data unit , only the sixth data package Data Cycle 6 with four data fields D61-D64 is available.
  • the last data field of the fifth ring memory address A5 is not occupied, which is why the data generator 3 transmits an incompletely filled generator data unit in the ninth transmission cycle, cycle 8, analogously to the fourth transmission cycle, cycle 3.
  • the data transmission is designed so that in each case four Transmission cycles the amount of data generated by the data generator 3 for five transmission cycles can be transmitted. Of the five transmission cycles that make up a communication cycle, one transmission cycle is therefore always redundant.
  • Fig. 4 shows ten transmission cycles that map two communication cycles.
  • the first four transmission cycles, cycle 0 to 3 of the first sequence are not shown in FIG. 3, which, as explained, serve to determine dead time in the initialization mode and start the first communication cycle for user data transmission at the beginning of the transmission mode .
  • Fig. 4 are then in addition to the fifth through ninth transmission cycles, cycle 4 to 8, the subsequent tenth through fifteenth transmission cycles, cycle 9 to 13, are shown.
  • FIG. 4 also shows the eighth to twelfth data packets Data Cycle 8-12 provided by the data generator 3 for the tenth to fourteenth transmission cycles, cycles 4 to 13.
  • the data generator 3 generates the eighth data packet Data Cycle 8 with the four data fields D81-D84 for the tenth transmission cycle Cycle 9 and the ninth data packet Data Cycle for the eleventh transmission cycle Cycle 10 9 with the four data fields D91-D94, for the twelfth transmission cycle cycle 11 the tenth data packet Data Cycle 10 with the four data fields of D101-D104, for the thirteenth transmission cycle cycle 12 the eleventh data packet Data Cycle 11 with the four data fields D111-D114 and for the fourteenth transmission cycle cycle 13 the twelfth data packet data cycle 12 with the four data fields D121-D124.
  • the data processor 2 reacts to the faulty data transmission in the sixth transmission cycle, cycle 5, in the seventh transmission cycle, cycle 6, in that the data processor 2, contrary to the seventh processor data unit, in the first sequence shown in FIG. 3 in the first data field of the seventh processor data unit sets the repeat command R to the value 1 to indicate that an error occurred in the data transmission in the previous sixth transmission cycle, cycle 5.
  • the data processor 2 displays the second ring memory address A2 under which the incorrectly transmitted useful data fields of the sixth producer data unit are stored as the address value.
  • the data transmission is then continued regularly, whereby due to the repetition of the sixth transmission cycle cycle 5 in the second sequence shown in FIG. 4 in the eighth transmission cycle cycle 7, a data transmission corresponding to the eighth transmission cycle cycle 7 in FIG The first sequence shown takes place in which the data fields stored at the fifth ring memory address A5 are transmitted with the five useful data fields of the ninth generator data unit.
  • the first communication cycle is thus completed, with the redundant ninth transmission cycle, cycle 8, in contrast to the first sequence shown in Fig. 3 due to the repetition of the faulty transmission in the seventh transmission cycle, cycle 6 in the second sequence shown in Fig. 4 for user data transmission in the first communication cycle which are processed by the data processor 2 is used.
  • the tenth transmission cycle cycle 9 then runs again without errors, analogously to the first sequence shown in FIG. 3.
  • an error occurs again in the transmission of the eleventh producer data unit, which is indicated by a further lightning symbol.
  • the data generator unit 3 repeats the eleventh generator data unit from the eleventh transmission cycle cycle 10 as the thirteenth generator data unit in the thirteenth transmission cycle cycle 12.
  • the fourteenth transmission cycle cycle 13 then closes the second communication cycle with the shifted transmission of the memory on the eighth ring -Address A8 stored data fields.
  • the first amount of data that can be transmitted in one transmission cycle exceeds the second amount of data generated by the data generator 3 for one transmission cycle by a quarter, expressed as a percentage by 25%.
  • the first data volume and the second data volume can be matched to one another in such a way that the percentage by which the first data volume exceeds the second data volume, multiplied n times, corresponds to the second data volume, where n is an integer greater than 1.
  • the bandwidth of the communication cycle in the data transmission system is n + 1 transmission cycles, one of the n + 1 transmission cycles being redundant with regard to the transmission of the data volume provided by the data generator 3 for the n + 1 transmission cycles and for the repetition of the transmission of data can be used from a transmission cycle recognized as defective.
  • the bandwidth of the communication cycle in the data transmission system is then the number of transmission cycles required to transmit a further second data volume with the first data volume in addition to the second data volume transmitted in each transmission cycle, supplemented by a further transmission cycle.
  • the data processor 2 discards the data received from the data generator 3 in a transmission cycle if the data generator 3 transmits less than the first amount of data in the transmission cycle. This approach wise, prevents the data processor 2 from processing twice the data transmitted twice in a communication cycle due to the redundant transmission cycle in the case of an error-free transmission.
  • the behavior of the data processor 2 is controlled with the help of the transmission status command F, which indicates with the value O that the user data fields of the generator data unit are not completely filled with data, and the value 1 indicates that the User data fields of the producer data unit are completely occupied with data.
  • the transmission status command F can also always specify the exact number of assigned user data fields of the producer data unit as a value, which the data processor 2 then evaluates.
  • the data processor 2 processes this data only once when data is received several times in a communication cycle.
  • the data processor 2 must determine whether the data received from the data generator 3 in a transmission cycle are already known from a previous transmission cycle and are available to the data processor 2. The data processor 2 then discards either the data already available or the data received again.
  • the data processor 2 can use the processor data unit to issue further commands that change the amount of data generated by the data generator in a transmission cycle, ie that change the number of data fields in the data packet Data Cycle provided by the data generator.
  • FIG. 5 shows a third sequence of transmission cycles which corresponds to the second sequence shown in FIG.
  • Fig. 5 ten transmission cycles are then again provided, which map two communication cycles.
  • the first four transmission cycles, cycle 0 to 3, of the first sequence shown in FIG. 3 are also missing.
  • the first to twelfth data packets Data Cycle 1-12 provided by the data generator 3 are also shown in FIG. 5.
  • the first data field of the processor data unit contains the data command D, with which the number of data fields to be generated by the data generator 3 can be changed in a data packet data cycle.
  • the value 0 of the data command D indicates that the number of data fields to be generated by the data generator 3 is not to be changed in the data packet data cycle.
  • an integer number of the data command D different from 0 is interpreted by the data generator 3 to mean that a number of data fields corresponding to the value are to be provided in the data packet data cycle.
  • the data generator 3 is also preset in the third sequence shown in FIG. 5 so that the data generator 3 has a data packet data cycle for each transmission cycle with four data fields.
  • the first communication cycle starts analogously to the second sequence shown in FIG. 4 with the fifth transmission cycle Cycle 4, with the value 0 for the data command D being displayed in the first data field of the fifth processor data unit is that no change in the number of data fields provided by the data generator 3 per transmission cycle should be carried out in the data packet data cycle.
  • the data processor 2 In the sixth transmission cycle cycle 5, the data processor 2 then indicates in the first data field of the sixth processor data unit with the value 8 for the data command D that the number of data fields that should be provided by the data generator per transmission cycle , should be increased from four data fields to eight data fields. In the second data field of the sixth processor data unit, the data processor 2 then further specifies from which data packet number CY, in the present case from the data packet data cycle with number 5, the data field number increase is to be implemented.
  • the data processor 2 shows in the first data field of the seventh processor data unit with the value 0 for the data command D, that no further change in the number of data fields provided by the data generator 3 per transmission cycle is to be carried out in the data packet data cycle.
  • the data generator 3 therefore provides the sixth data packet Data Cycle 5 again with eighth data fields D61-D68 for the ninth transmission cycle cycle 8.
  • the data processor 2 then reduces the number of data fields to be generated by the data generator 3 per transmission cycle back to four data fields by using the value for the Data command D the value 4 is entered in the first data field of the eighth processor data unit.
  • the data field generation rate set to four data fields is then maintained in the third sequence shown in FIG. 5 by the data processor 2, in which the data processor 2 enters the further processor with the value 0 for the data command D Data units indicates an unchanged maintenance of the data field generation rate.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de transmission de données dans lequel une première quantité de données peut être transmise dans chaque cycle de transmission. Un producteur de données (3) fournit une seconde quantité de données pour chaque cycle de transmission. La première quantité de données dépasse la seconde quantité de données par un pourcentage. Le producteur de données (3) transmet les données fournies par le producteur de données (3) à un processeur de données (2) à la vitesse de transmission de données du canal de transmission de données (1). Le processeur de données (2) traite les données reçues sur le canal de transmission de données (1) à partir du producteur de données (3) à un retard du nombre de cycles de transmission que le producteur de données (3) a besoin pour réagir à une commande du processeur de données (2). Le processeur de données (2) indique un cycle de transmission comme étant erroné par rapport au producteur de données (3) au moyen d'une instruction de répétition si une erreur s'est produite dans la transmission de données dans le cycle de transmission, et le producteur de données (3) répète la transmission de données des données du cycle de transmission indiqué comme étant erroné par le processeur de données (2) lorsque le producteur de données reçoit la commande de répétition.
EP20824221.4A 2019-12-11 2020-12-11 Procédé de transmission cyclique de données entre des abonnés de communication sur un canal de transmission de données et système de transmission de données Active EP4070530B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019133894.8A DE102019133894A1 (de) 2019-12-11 2019-12-11 Verfahren zum zyklischen Übertragen von Daten zwischen Kommunikationsteilnehmern auf einem Datenübertragungskanal und Datenübertragungssystem
PCT/EP2020/085788 WO2021116424A1 (fr) 2019-12-11 2020-12-11 Procédé de transmission cyclique de données entre des abonnés de communication sur un canal de transmission de données et système de transmission de données

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EP4070530A1 true EP4070530A1 (fr) 2022-10-12
EP4070530C0 EP4070530C0 (fr) 2023-08-02
EP4070530B1 EP4070530B1 (fr) 2023-08-02

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EP20824221.4A Active EP4070530B1 (fr) 2019-12-11 2020-12-11 Procédé de transmission cyclique de données entre des abonnés de communication sur un canal de transmission de données et système de transmission de données

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US (1) US20220294565A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4070530B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114788248A (fr)
DE (1) DE102019133894A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021116424A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1179908A1 (fr) 2000-08-10 2002-02-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de communication
US6665283B2 (en) * 2001-08-10 2003-12-16 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for transmitting data in a packet data communication system
US9325456B2 (en) * 2005-03-22 2016-04-26 Intel Corporation Method and apparatus for delayed recovery for block acknowledgement bursting in a wireless network
JP5184597B2 (ja) * 2010-09-06 2013-04-17 株式会社日立産機システム 通信制御装置及び通信・制御システム
EP2575280A1 (fr) * 2011-09-27 2013-04-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fonctionnement d'un appareil d'automatisation destiné à éviter des pertes de données ainsi que procédé de transmission de données correspondant
DE102015117937B3 (de) 2015-10-21 2017-01-19 Beckhoff Automation Gmbh Kommunikationsnetzwerk, Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen und Teilnehmer in einem Kommunikationsnetzwerk
DE102016121019A1 (de) * 2016-11-03 2018-05-03 Beckhoff Automation Gmbh Verfahren zum Übertragen von Datenpaketen auf einer Datenübertragungsstrecke zwischen zwei Kommunikationsteilnehmern, Automatisierungssystem und Computerprogramm
EP3759847B1 (fr) * 2018-02-28 2023-09-13 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) Décodage d'un flux multimédia au niveau d'un récepteur de paquets

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CN114788248A (zh) 2022-07-22
US20220294565A1 (en) 2022-09-15
WO2021116424A1 (fr) 2021-06-17
DE102019133894A1 (de) 2021-06-17
EP4070530C0 (fr) 2023-08-02
EP4070530B1 (fr) 2023-08-02

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