EP4066311A1 - Druckausgleichssystem und elektrochemisches system - Google Patents
Druckausgleichssystem und elektrochemisches systemInfo
- Publication number
- EP4066311A1 EP4066311A1 EP20811608.7A EP20811608A EP4066311A1 EP 4066311 A1 EP4066311 A1 EP 4066311A1 EP 20811608 A EP20811608 A EP 20811608A EP 4066311 A1 EP4066311 A1 EP 4066311A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- pressure equalization
- pressure compensation
- container
- adapter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 103
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 30
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/14—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member
- F16K17/16—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member with fracturing diaphragm ; Rupture discs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/394—Gas-pervious parts or elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pressure compensation system, in particular for pressure compensation of an overpressure in an electrochemical system.
- the invention also relates to an electrochemical system comprising one or more pressure compensation systems according to the invention.
- the present invention is based on the object of providing a pressure equalization system which is easy to manufacture and by means of which pressure equalization can be brought about in the event of an overpressure.
- a pressure equalization system in particular for pressure equalization of an overpressure of an electrochemical system, the pressure equalization system comprising a pressure equalization device and an adapter element for fixing the pressure equalization device to a container.
- the pressure equalization device preferably acts in a closed state between an interior space of a container and the surroundings of the pressure equalization system.
- the pressure equalization device can be brought into an open state for pressure equalization between the interior of the container and the surroundings of the pressure equalization system.
- the pressure equalization device In a closed state, the pressure equalization device preferably separates the interior of the container and the surroundings of the pressure equalization system fluidically and / or spatially. In particular, the pressure equalization device completely separates a fluid connection between the interior of the container and the surroundings of the pressure equalization system in a closed state or reduces a gas exchange compared to an open passage.
- thermo runaway In electrochemical systems or individual electrochemical units of an electrochemical system there is the risk of a so-called “thermal runaway", in which, due to exothermic chemical reactions within electrochemical units of an electrochemical system or due to a short circuit, self-reinforcing heat development and overheating of a or several electrochemical units. In a “thermal runaway”, there is often domino-like heat propagation from one electrochemical unit to another electrochemical unit within the electrochemical system.
- thermal runaway is a so-called “thermal event”. Thermal events are associated in particular with a sharp rise in pressure within the electrochemical unit and / or with high temperatures, for example with temperatures of 1000 ° C. or more.
- pressure equalization can now be brought about between the interior of the container, in particular the electrochemical system, and the surroundings of the pressure equalization system. In this way, harmful gases, which have led to an overpressure in the cell, can be removed.
- Pressure compensation is preferably to be understood as an adaptation of the internal pressure in the interior of the container to an external pressure in the vicinity of the pressure compensation system, in particular when a limit value is exceeded.
- a pressure equalization direction preferably runs from an area of higher pressure, for example the interior of the container, to an area of lower pressure, for example the environment of the pressure equalization system.
- the pressure equalization direction is preferably arranged parallel to a central axis of the pressure equalization system and / or a central axis of the pressure equalization system.
- the pressure equalization system preferably forms a degassing element and / or an outgassing element for battery cells.
- the pressure compensation device comprises a film element which comprises one or more predetermined breaking points.
- the film element preferably tears and / or breaks when a critical temperature is exceeded and / or a critical pressure is exceeded and / or in at least one of the one or more predetermined breaking points, so that in particular a pressure equalization between the interior of the container and the surroundings of the Pressure equalization system can be brought about.
- the pressure compensation device is preferably in an open state.
- the one or more predetermined breaking points form part of a bursting device or that they completely form the bursting device.
- a “predetermined breaking point” is preferably a material weak point, for example an area of locally reduced thickness.
- One or more of the predetermined breaking points are, for example, notches and / or incisions.
- one or more of the predetermined breaking points are formed by punching, for example pre-punching, of the film element.
- the film element is designed without previously positioned and / or specially introduced predetermined breaking points.
- the film element then preferably tears and / or breaks when a critical pressure is exceeded and / or a critical temperature is exceeded at the point at which the load is greatest.
- the film element is, for example, a membrane.
- the pressure compensation device comprises a spring element.
- the spring element when a critical pressure and / or a critical temperature rises, a part of the pressure equalization system can be spaced apart from another part, so that in particular a fluid connection is established between the interior of the container and the environment of the pressure equalization system.
- a triggering of the pressure compensation device by the spring element is preferably reversible.
- the pressure equalization device comprises a film element and a release element for opening at least one passage between the interior of the container and the surroundings of the pressure equalization system.
- the trigger element and the film element are preferably arranged one behind the other along a pressure compensation direction.
- a distance between the trigger element and the film element along the pressure compensation direction is preferably selected so that the film element acts on the trigger element when a critical temperature and / or a critical pressure is exceeded in the interior of the container in such a way that the film element tears and / or breaks .
- the release element acts on the film element when a critical temperature and / or a critical pressure is exceeded in the interior of the container in such a way that the film element tears and / or breaks.
- the film element is pressed against the triggering element with such a high pressure that the film element tears and / or breaks.
- a pressure equalization is only actively triggered when a critical temperature and / or a critical pressure is exceeded.
- the trigger element is preferably a pin element.
- the trigger element preferably has a tip.
- the trigger element and the film element preferably form part of a bursting device or completely form a bursting device.
- the film element is partially or completely formed from a flexible material.
- the film element is partially or completely formed from a rigid and / or inflexible material.
- the trigger element of the pressure compensation device preferably forms part of a support device of the pressure compensation device.
- the support device is in particular connected to a base body of the adapter element, in particular in an injection molding process.
- the support device comprises one or more rib elements which extend along radial directions with respect to a central axis of the pressure compensation system between the trigger element and the base body of the adapter element.
- the rib elements regularly adjoin the adapter element with respect to a circumferential direction of the adapter element.
- the pressure compensation device comprises a protective element for supporting and / or protecting the foil element.
- the protective element is preferably arranged on a side of the film element facing away from the release element.
- the protective element comprises one or more rib elements which extend along radial directions with respect to the central axes of the pressure compensation element.
- the protective element comprises a central opening for receiving the release element.
- the protective element has an essentially homogeneous grid structure over the entire pressure equalization opening.
- the adapter element can be fixed and / or fixed to the container in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner, in particular screwed by a bayonet lock and / or Ver and / or by a clamping connection and / or by a clip connection.
- the adapter element has a sealing element which is in particular molded onto a base body of the adapter element.
- the sealing element is preferably arranged on a side of the adapter element facing away from the interior of the container.
- the sealing element is, for example, a molded seal.
- the adapter element comprises or is formed from one or more of the following materials: a metallic mate rial, in particular aluminum and / or steel, a polymer material, in particular an elastomeric polymer material and / or an elastomeric thermoplastic polymer material, for example Poly (organo) siloxane.
- Poly (organo) siloxanes are also commonly referred to as silicones.
- the adapter element is provided, in particular coated, with an electrically conductive material.
- Electrically conductive means in particular that corresponding elements and / or materials have an electrical conductivity of approx. 10 5 S / m or more, in particular of approx. 10 6 S / m or more.
- the electrically conductive material is preferably a metallic material and / or an electrically conductive polymer material and / or a graphite material and / or a carbon fiber composite material.
- Electromagnetic compatibility of the pressure compensation system is preferably optimized by the electrically conductive material.
- the film element is formed in one piece with the adapter element.
- the adapter element and the film element together form an elastomeric component.
- the elastomeric component is in particular fixed in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner on a wall of the container.
- the elastomeric component is clamped into a wall of the container, for example a wall of a housing of the electrochemical system, and / or clamped thereon.
- the film element is preferably connected to the adapter element in a materially bonded manner or is formed in one piece with the film element.
- the film element preferably has one or more predetermined breaking points.
- the film element can also have one or more predetermined breaking points.
- the film element is prepunched and / or has incisions, which when a critical pressure and / or a crack and / or break at critical temperature.
- the pressure equalization device is then in particular in an open state and one or more passages between the interior of the container and the environment are open and / or released.
- the film element in particular arranged in a cross shape, has slots.
- the protective element comprises a metallic material or is formed from a metallic material.
- metallic materials are aluminum, steel or alloys thereof.
- the protective element is inserted into the adapter element, for example.
- the protective element can also comprise a polymer material or be formed from a polymer material.
- a rigid polymer material which in particular has a high temperature resistance, is particularly suitable as the polymer material.
- the protective element is provided, in particular coated, with an electrically conductive material.
- the electrically conductive material is preferably a metallic material and / or an electrically conductive polymer material and / or a graphite material and / or a carbon fiber composite material.
- the electrically conductive material is preferably used to optimize electromagnetic compatibility.
- the film element of the pressure equalization device is preferably materially and / or non-positively and / or positively connected to the adapter element. It can be advantageous if the film element of the pressure compensation device is firmly bonded to the adapter element, in particular by heat sealing, welding and / or injecting the film element, in particular on a side of the adapter element facing the interior of the container.
- the film element is and / or is connected to the adapter element in a materially bonded manner, for example by heat sealing and / or welding, by means of an adhesive layer which is and / or is applied in a ring-shaped manner to an edge of the film element.
- a connection by heat sealing can enable a cost-optimized production of the pressure compensation system.
- a particularly stable connection of the film element and the adapter element can be formed, in particular during heat sealing, if a tool has a recess, for example an embossing, into which an edge of the film element to be connected is pressed.
- the depression and / or elevation of the tool preferably engages or creates a complementary elevation and / or depression in the adapter element.
- the film element is shaped in particular in accordance with the elevation and / or depression of the adapter element. In this way, a bonding force can be increased.
- the film element comprises a polymer material or is formed from a polymer material
- the polymer material itself acts as an adhesive.
- a sealing element for example an O-ring
- the sealing element is accommodated in a groove in the protective element, in particular a groove which is designed to be essentially complementary thereto.
- the film element is connected to the adapter element by means of heat sealing and is additionally clamped to the adapter element via an annular sealing element.
- annular sealing element for example an O-ring
- the pressure compensation system has an outer element.
- the outer element is preferably positively and / or non-positively connected to the adapter element, in particular by screwing and / or a bayonet lock and / or a clamp connection and / or a clip connection.
- the outer element is used to fasten the film element.
- a separate cover element can be provided which covers the film element from the surroundings of the pressure equalization system.
- the film element is here preferably clamped between the outer element and the adapter element.
- the film element of the pressure compensation device preferably comprises one or more of the following materials or is formed from them: graphene, a metallic material, in particular aluminum, a polymer material, in particular special polyorganosiloxane and / or polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the film element is partially or completely formed from a porous, in particular an open-pore, material.
- the film element is partially or completely formed from a porous polytetrafluoroethylene material.
- a suitable porous polytetrafluoroethylene material is, for example, Permeaflon®, which is available from Berghof Fluoroplastics.
- the film element comprises or is formed from an elastomeric polymer material.
- the film element is provided, in particular coated, with an electrically conductive material.
- the electrically conductive material is preferably a metallic material and / or an electrically conductive polymer material and / or a graphite material and / or a carbon fiber composite material.
- the pressure equalization system can thus have optimized electromagnetic compatibility.
- a thickness of the film element perpendicular to its main extension plane is in a range of approximately 5 ⁇ m or more, in particular approximately 8 ⁇ m or more, for example approximately 9 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness of the film element perpendicular to its main plane of extension is preferably approximately 15 ⁇ m or less, in particular approximately 12 ⁇ m or less, for example approximately 11 ⁇ m or less.
- a film element with a thickness of approx. 10 ⁇ m has proven to be particularly suitable.
- the critical pressure and / or the critical temperature can preferably be defined by setting a distance between the film element and the release element along the pressure equalization direction. At this pressure and / or this temperature, the film element tears and / or breaks.
- a burst pressure can be defined by the distance between the film element and the release element.
- the pressure compensation system can be designed with a comparatively low installation height.
- the pressure equalization device comprises a film element and / or a protective element, which are held in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner, in particular by a clamp connection and / or a clip connection, between the adapter element and the outer element of the pressure compensation system .
- the outer element forms, for example, an outer shell and / or the adapter element forms an inner shell.
- a Randab section of the outer element facing the interior rests on a wall of the container.
- the edge section is connected in a fluid-tight manner by a sealing element, for example an O-ring, to an outside of the wall of the container facing away from the interior.
- the outer element is non-positively and / or positively connected to the wall of the container, for example by a bayonet lock and / or a screw lock.
- this preferably has a locking device, so that in particular the outer element can be locked onto the wall of the container.
- a pressure compensation system with a reduced number of separate components can be formed.
- a pressure compensation system can only be designed with an outer element, an adapter element and a film element.
- the film element preferably has one or more predetermined breaking points in the form of one or more material weak points.
- a thermal event can also lead to the formation of flames and / or a fire strike, especially if pressure equalization is carried out.
- the pressure equalization device comprises a protective element which, when the pressure equalization device is closed, closes the interior of the container, the protective element having several, in particular grid-like, openings parallel to the pressure equalization direction includes.
- the plurality of openings are preferably in closed state of the pressure equalization device closed by a polymer material and / or filled in a fluid-tight manner.
- the polymer material can be in the form of a film, for example as a film element.
- the polymer material can also be applied in a flowable state to a base body of the protective element in such a way that the multiple openings are and / or are closed, in particular after the polymer material has cured.
- the polymer material forms, for example, a plastic insert in the protective element.
- a main plane of extent of the protective element preferably runs perpendicular to the pressure equalization direction.
- the protective element is designed in the form of a disk.
- the polymer material which closes the several openings, which are in particular arranged in a grid shape, is preferably an elastomeric polymer material.
- the protective element forms a screen structure and / or a lattice structure.
- the protective element is, for example, a flame suppressor element.
- the protective element of the pressure compensation device forms a heat dissipation device for dissipating heat from the interior of the container.
- the polymer material which closes the openings in the protective element in a closed state of the pressure equalization device, has an ablative effect.
- a base body of the protective element is preferably formed from a material with metallic thermal conductivity. Thermal energy can thus be diverted and / or dissipated. Propagation can thus be delayed and / or prevented.
- thermo contact is formed between the protective element of the pressure compensation device and the adapter element.
- heat from the protective element can be dissipated from the interior of the container via the adapter element.
- the protective element of the pressure compensation device comprises a metallic material, in particular steel and / or aluminum, or is formed from a metallic material, in particular steel and / or aluminum.
- the protective element forms an integrated metal screen in the pressure compensation system.
- the pressure equalization device comprises a protective element, and when a critical temperature and / or a critical pressure is exceeded, the pressure equalization device can be brought into an open state in which several openings of the protective element are open and / or parallel to a pressure equalization direction. or are released.
- the multiple openings of the protective element can be brought into the open state in particular due to a melting of the polymer material, which closes the multiple openings in the closed state of the pressure compensation device.
- openings can then, in particular, be freely flowed through and / or are not filled by the polymer material.
- protective elements form, in particular, a degassing channel through which, in particular, gases which lead to excess pressure in the interior of the container, escape.
- the protective element is preferably designed in such a way that if a critical temperature and / or a critical pressure is exceeded, one or more openings can be and / or are released along the pressure compensation direction.
- a number of openings in the protective element can also influence a temperature at which openings can be released and / or are released.
- the protective element preferably has 10 openings or more, in particular 25 openings or more, for example 50 openings or more.
- the protective element preferably has 100 openings or fewer, in particular 75 openings or fewer, for example 60 openings or fewer.
- the critical temperature and / or the critical pressure is exceeded, degradation of the polymer material preferably takes place, for example the polymer material is burned away.
- the polymer material which closes several openings of the protective element of the pressure compensation device in a closed state of the pressure compensation device, preferably has a thermal stability did of about 100 ° C, in particular of about 120 ° C or more, for example of about 130 ° C or more.
- the polymer material preferably has a thermal stability of approx. 200 ° C. or less, in particular of approx. 150 ° C. or less, for example of approx. 140 ° C. or less.
- the thermal stability of the polymer material is lower than the critical temperature.
- the polymer material is preferably in film form, for example a film element.
- a thickness of the polymer material in the openings is preferably selected so that when the critical temperature is exceeded, the polymer material dissolves and / or melts and / or burns away.
- the pressure compensation device comprises a protective element which comprises a plurality of openings in the pressure compensation direction, the plurality of openings having a diameter of approximately 3 ⁇ m or more, in particular approximately 100 ⁇ m or more.
- the diameter of the plurality of openings is preferably approximately 6000 ⁇ m or less, in particular approximately 4500 ⁇ m or less.
- the plurality of openings have a diameter of approximately 3000 ⁇ m or less, in particular of approximately 1500 ⁇ m or less.
- the diameter is preferably the diameter of each opening.
- the "diameter” is preferably an average diameter, which is formed in particular by the arithmetic mean of all diameters.
- EMC electromagnetic compatibility
- the protective element is covered by a cover element and / or an outer element on a side facing away from the interior of the container.
- the one cover element and / or the outer element preferably comprise an electrically conductive material or are formed from an electrically conductive material.
- cover element and / or the outer element are provided, in particular coated, with an electrically conductive material.
- metallic materials and / or electrically conductive polymer materials and / or graphite materials and / or carbon fiber composite materials are suitable as electrically conductive materials.
- the plurality of openings are artificially introduced and / or evenly distributed and / or regularly arranged and / or formed.
- the several openings of the protective element are circular, polygonal, for example triangular, rectangular, pentagonal and / or hexagonal in a cross section taken perpendicular to the pressure equalization direction.
- the openings can also have a different shape.
- the "diameter” preferably denotes a diagonal or the longest side edge.
- the adapter element and / or the pressure equalization opening in the wall of the container are designed in such a way that they have an inner diameter of approx. 60 mm or less, in particular approx. 50 mm or less, for example of about 30 mm or less.
- the passage of electromagnetic waves which have a frequency of approx. 5 GHz or more, in particular approx. 6 GHz or more, for example approx. 10 GHz or more, can be blocked.
- the adapter element has a radially outer sealing element which is at least approximately in the shape of a hollow cylinder.
- the radially outer sealing element is fixed on a base body of the adapter element on a radially outer side with respect to a central axis of the pressure compensation system.
- the radially outer sealing element is ring-shaped.
- the radially outer sealing element surrounds the base body of the adapter element in a connection area of the adapter element on and / or in which the pressure equalization system is partially or completely connected to a wall of the container in the assembled state.
- a wall thickness of the container can be used as an active installation space of the pressure compensation system. It can be favorable if the radially outer sealing element has one or more, in particular annular, sealing projections on a radially outer side with respect to the center axis of the pressure equalization system, which protrude radially away from the base body of the adapter element.
- the one or more, in particular ring-shaped, sealing projections extend radially outward from the base body of the adapter element.
- the one or more sealing projections of the radially outer sealing element are preferably sealing beads.
- the radially outer sealing element preferably comprises two or three, in particular annular, sealing projections.
- the radially outer sealing element has several sealing projections
- the several sealing projections are arranged along an axial direction with respect to the central axis of the pressure compensation system, alternating with depressions of the radially outer sealing element.
- the depressions are, for example, groove-shaped.
- the radially outer sealing element has an extension along an axial direction with respect to the central axis of the pressure compensation system which is approximately a quarter or more and / or approximately three quarters or less of an extension of the base body of the adapter element. A seal against the wall of the container can thus be optimized.
- the pressure equalization system and / or the pressure equalization device have a protective element for support and protection comprises a film element, wherein the protective element is non-positively and / or positively connected to the adapter element at an end of the adapter element facing the interior of the container.
- the adapter element engages behind the protective element in the radial direction with respect to the central axis of the pressure compensation system.
- the protective element engages around the end of the base body of the adapter element facing the interior, in particular on three sides.
- the protective element preferably has a honeycomb structure, for example a hexagonal honeycomb structure.
- the honeycomb structure is preferably designed like a matrix.
- the pressure compensation system comprises a cover element which covers the adapter element on a side facing the environment of the pressure compensation system.
- the cover element is fixed to the base body of the adapter element and / or to the container by means of a latching device of the pressure compensation system.
- An additional fixation of the pressure compensation system is preferably formed by the latching device.
- a web height of the cover element can be adapted parallel to the pressure compensation direction or is adapted to a respective wall thickness of the wall of the container.
- the pressure equalization system can be used for containers with different wall thicknesses.
- a shape of the cover element can be or will be adapted to degassing volume flows. This can be implemented, for example, by adapting a number and / or a volume of openings in the cover element which are formed between projections of the cover element protruding in the direction of the adapter element. It can be advantageous if the locking device has one or more locking elements which, when the pressure equalization system is installed, are locked to one or more receiving recesses in the base body or a wall of the container.
- the one or more receiving recesses form part of the base body of the adapter element, they are / are arranged in particular on a radially inner inner side of the base body of the adapter element.
- the one or more receptacle depressions form part of the wall of the container, they are / are preferably arranged on an inside of the wall delimiting an opening for receiving the pressure compensation system.
- one edge of the wall forms one or more receiving depressions.
- the one or more latching elements protrude away from a cover plate of the cover element in the direction of the adapter element.
- the one or more locking elements are, for example, locking tongues and / or tongue-shaped.
- one or more of the one or more latching elements of the latching device are designed as spring elements.
- a spring tension of the one or more Fe deretti a displacement of the cover element relative to the adapter element in the axial direction with respect to the central axis of the pressure equalization system blocked.
- a distance of one or more of the one or more locking elements of the locking device to a central axis of the pressure compensation system is approximately a quarter or more and / or approximately three quarters or less of a total radius of the cover element and / or a total length of the cover element amounts to.
- the cover element can be fixed to the adapter element by means of screwing.
- the base body of the adapter element, the support device and in particular the cover element are formed in one piece.
- the invention also relates to an electrochemical system comprising one or more pressure compensation systems according to the invention.
- the one or more pressure equalization systems are preferably fixed on and / or in a wall of a container, in particular a housing of the electrochemical system, in particular positively and / or non-positively and / or materially.
- the electrochemical system according to the invention preferably has one or more features and / or one or more advantages of the pressure equalization system according to the invention.
- the electrochemical system is used in vehicles.
- the one or more pressure equalization systems here preferably provide increased protection for vehicle occupants, in particular since pressure equalization can be triggered in the event of a thermal event. It can be advantageous if at least one of the one or more pressure compensation systems is fixed on and / or in the wall of the container as follows:
- the above-mentioned fixing variants can be used to fix the one or more pressure compensation systems on the container, in particular in a fluid-tight manner. Penetration of foreign bodies from the environment into the container can be avoided.
- a radially outer sealing element at least one of the one or more pressure equalization systems, preferably all radially outer sealing elements of all pressure equalization systems, rests directly on one side of the wall of the container which is radially inward with respect to a central axis of the respective pressure equalization system has and / or is arranged radially on the inside.
- All pressure compensation systems preferably have a sealing element located radially on the outside.
- an extension of the radially outer sealing element of at least one or more pressure equalization systems, in particular all radially outer sealing elements of all pressure equalization systems, along an axial direction with respect to the central axis of the respective pressure equalization system is approx. 55% or more, in particular approx. 65 % or more, an average thickness of the wall of the container.
- the mean thickness of the wall is preferably its wall thickness. It can be advantageous if a cover element of at least one of the one or more pressure compensation systems, in particular all cover elements of all pressure compensation systems, rests on a side of the wall of the container facing away from an interior of the container or engages in the wall.
- the cover element has an overall diameter or overall length which is approximately 5% or more, in particular approximately 10% or more, greater than a diameter of an opening in the wall of the container in and / or on which the respective pressure compensation system is determined.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a first
- Embodiment of a pressure compensation system in which a pressure compensation device is provided which can be brought from a closed state into an open state;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view of the pressure equalization system from FIG. 1; FIG.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 shows a schematic plan view of the pressure compensation system from FIGS. 1 and 2;
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the pressure equalization system from FIGS. 1 to 3 through one in FIG. 3 with IV designated plane, wherein the pressure equalization device is in a closed state;
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of a pressure compensation system, in which a release element of the pressure compensation device is arranged on a single transverse beam of a support device, which extends transversely over a pressure compensation opening;
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a third
- Embodiment of a pressure equalization system in which the pressure equalization device comprises a substantially grid-shaped protective element which covers the pressure equalization opening;
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic plan view of the third embodiment of a pressure compensation system from FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the pressure compensation system from FIGS. 6 and 7 through a plane designated by VIII in FIG. 7;
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic perspective sectional illustration through a longitudinal center plane of a fourth embodiment of a pressure compensation system, in which a film element is clamped between an outer element and an adapter element of the pressure compensation system;
- FIG. 11 shows a schematic plan view of a protective element of a
- Pressure equalization device in a closed state the pressure equalization device, wherein the protective element comprises a plurality of openings arranged in a grid shape, which are closed by a polymer material;
- FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of the protective element from FIG.
- Fig. 13 is a schematic perspective illustration of an electrochemical system in which several pressure equalization systems are arranged
- Embodiment of a pressure compensation system in which the adapter element is fixed by a radially outer sealing element on and / or in an opening in the wall of the container;
- FIG. 15 is a schematic exploded view of the pressure equalization system from FIG. 14; FIG.
- FIGS. 14 and 15 shows a schematic plan view of the pressure compensation system from FIGS. 14 and 15;
- FIG. 17 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the pressure equalization system from FIGS. 14 to 16 along a plane designated XVII in FIG. 16;
- Embodiment of a pressure compensation system in which a support device, which receives a release element, is arched;
- FIG. 19 shows a schematic exploded view of the pressure equalization system from FIG. 18;
- FIGS. 18 and 19 shows a schematic plan view of the pressure compensation system from FIGS. 18 and 19;
- FIG. 21 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the pressure compensation system from FIGS. 18 to 20 along planes designated XXI in FIG. 20.
- pressure equalization systems 100 or parts thereof are shown in a closed state of pressure equalization system 100 or a pressure equalization device 118. Elements of an open state are only shown schematically for clarity.
- a pressure compensation system designated as a whole by 100 is shown according to a first embodiment in a closed state.
- the pressure equalization system 100 is preferably part of an electrochemical system 102, as shown in FIG. 13, for example.
- the electrochemical system 102 is particularly suitable for use in vehicles.
- the electrochemical system 102 preferably comprises a plurality of electrochemical units, which in particular comprise batteries, for example lithium batteries.
- one or more pressure equalization systems 100 are preferably embedded in opposing walls 104 of the electrochemical system 102 that are designed as narrow sides and / or are fixed to them in a fluid-tight manner.
- the walls 104 preferably form part of a housing 106 of the electrochemical system 102, the housing 106 overall being in particular at least approximately cuboid.
- the housing 106 forms a container 108 which surrounds an interior 110.
- the pressure compensation system 100 preferably comprises an adapter element 112, which is preferably used to fix the pressure compensation device 118 to the container 108 and / or as a housing 106 of the pressure compensation system 100.
- the adapter element 112 is preferably at least approximately hollow and cylindrical and / or surrounds a pressure equalization opening 114 of the pressure equalization system 100.
- the adapter element 112 has an inside diameter of approx. 60 mm or less, in particular approx. 50 mm or less, for example approx. 30 mm or less.
- the pressure equalization opening 114 has a diameter of approximately 60 mm or less, in particular approximately 50 mm or less, for example approximately 30 mm or less.
- the inside diameter and / or diameter is preferably taken perpendicular to a pressure compensation direction 126.
- the internal diameter and / or diameter mentioned blocks the passage of electromagnetic waves which have a frequency of approx. 5 GHz or more, in particular approx. 6 GHz or more, for example approx. 10 GHz or more.
- the pressure equalization opening 114 is preferably released when the pressure equalization system 100 is open (not shown), whereby there is in particular a fluid connection between the interior 110 of the Benzol age 108 and an environment 116 of the pressure equalization system 100.
- the pressure equalization opening 114 is preferably closed by a pressure equalization device 118 of the pressure equalization system 100.
- the pressure compensation system 100 comprises a spring element (not shown) which is in a compressed state when the pressure compensation device 118 is in a closed state.
- a force preferably acts on the spring element along a pressure compensation direction 126.
- the spring element can be brought into a relaxed state in particular and / or is brought.
- a part of the pressure compensation system 100 is preferably spaced apart from a further part.
- a fluid connection between the interior 110 and the environment 116 is formed.
- the pressure equalization device 118 is in an open state. Pressure equalization by bringing the spring element into the relaxed state is preferably reversible.
- a large part of the adapter element 112 is preferably arranged within the container 108.
- the pressure compensation system 100 can preferably be mounted and / or mounted on the container 108 from a side facing the interior 110.
- the pressure equalization system 100 is connected to the container 108 of the electrochemical system 102 in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner by means of the adapter element 112.
- the adapter element 112 has a first part of a bayonet lock on a side facing the surroundings 116 of the pressure equalization system 100, which when the pressure equalization system 100 is installed, in particular fluid-tightly, is connected to a second part of a bayonet lock.
- the second part of the bayonet catch is preferably part of the wall 104 of the container 108.
- the bayonet catch has a latching device so that the first part and the second part of the bayonet catch are in particular latched to one another.
- the pressure compensation system 100 is connected to the wall 104 of the container 108 by a screw connection and / or by a clamp connection and / or by a clip connection.
- the adapter element 112 can be connected to the container 108 of the electrochemical system 102 by a material connection, for example by gluing.
- the adapter element 112 has a support section 120 which is used to secure a fluid-tight connection between the pressure equalization system 100 and the container 108.
- the support section 120 is preferably annular and in particular has a main extension plane which is arranged at least approximately parallel to a main extension plane of that wall 104 of the container 108 on which the pressure compensation system 100 is fixed.
- the support section 120 comes to rest and / or rests on an inside of the wall 104 facing the interior 110.
- the adapter element 112 has a sealing element 122 which is in particular annular and / or disk-shaped.
- the sealing element 122 is in particular a molded seal.
- the sealing element 122 is preferably arranged on a recessed section of the support section 120.
- the sealing element 122 is injection molded onto the support section 120 of the adapter element 112 and / or is fixed to the support section 120 in an injection molding process.
- the support section 120 forms part of a base body 124 of the adapter element 112.
- a pressure equalization between a pressure in the interior 110 of the container and a pressure in the environment 116 can be generated.
- the pressure equalization direction 126 preferably runs from the interior 110 to the surroundings 116 of the container 108 and / or is in particular arranged parallel to a central axis 128 of the pressure equalization system 100.
- the central axis 128 is preferably a central axis and / or an axis of symmetry of the pressure compensation system 100.
- the following elements of the pressure equalization system 100 are preferably arranged along the pressure equalization direction 126:
- the adapter element 112 comprises or is formed from one or more of the following materials: a metallic material and / or a polymer material.
- Preferred metallic materials are in particular aluminum and / or steel.
- Preferred polymer materials are elastomeric polymer materials and / or elastomeric thermoplastic polymer materials.
- An example of a polymer material is a poly (organo) siloxane.
- the adapter element 112 is provided, in particular coated, with an electrically conductive material.
- the electrically conductive material is preferably a metallic material and / or an electrically conductive polymer material and / or a graphite material and / or a carbon fiber composite material.
- Electrode conductive means in particular that corresponding elements and / or materials have an electrical conductivity of approx. 10 5 S / m or more, in particular of approx. 10 6 S / m or more.
- Electromagnetic compatibility of the pressure compensation system 100 is preferably optimized by the electrically conductive material.
- the film element 132 preferably serves as a bursting element and / or for closing and / or releasing a fluid connection between the interior 110 of the container 108 and the surroundings 116 of the pressure equalization system 100.
- the film element 132 is, for example, a membrane.
- the film element 132 of the pressure compensation device 118 comprises or is formed from one or more of the following materials: graphene, a metallic material, in particular aluminum, a polymer material, in particular poly (organo) siloxane and / or polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the film element 132 is partially or completely porous, in particular open-pored.
- the film element 132 is partially or completely formed from a porous, in particular open-pore, polytetrafluoroethylene material.
- a porous polytetrafluoroethylene material available from Berghof Fluoroplastics under the Permeaflon® brand has proven to be a suitable material.
- an active triggering of the pressure compensation device 118 can be dispensed with.
- a permanent gas exchange can be established between the interior 110 and the surroundings 116 and in particular the creation of an overpressure in the interior 110 of the container 108 can be delayed and / or prevented.
- the film element 132 is provided, in particular coated, with an electrically conductive material.
- the electrically conductive material is preferably a metallic material and / or an electrically conductive polymer material and / or a graphite material and / or a carbon fiber composite material.
- the electrically conductive material is preferably used to optimize an electromagnetic compatibility of the pressure compensation system 100.
- the film element 132 closes and / or covers and / or covers the pressure equalization opening 114 in a fluid-tight manner in the closed state of the pressure equalization system 100.
- the film element 132 is fixed to the adapter element 112 with a material fit and / or form fit and / or force fit.
- the film element 132 is preferably at least approximately disk-shaped, a diameter of the film element 132 exceeding a diameter of the pressure compensation opening 118, for example by a sixth or more, in particular by a fifth or more.
- a thickness of the film element 132 parallel to the pressure compensation direction 126 is preferably approximately 20 ⁇ m or less, in particular approximately 15 ⁇ m or less, for example approximately 12 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the film element 132 is preferably approximately 5 ⁇ m or more, in particular approximately 6 ⁇ m or more, for example approximately 8 ⁇ m or more.
- the protective element 130 in particular in an edge region, has one or more depressions and / or elevations.
- the one or more depressions and / or elevations are, for example, ring-shaped. In particular, a structured contour is formed.
- the protective element 130 is connected to the base body 124 of the adapter element 112 in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner and / or materially.
- the adapter element 112 has one or more, in particular annular, elevations and / or depressions on a side facing the interior 110 of the container 108, which, for example, complement the one or more depressions and / or elevations of the protective element 130 are formed.
- the film element 132 is pressed in between the adapter element 112 and the protective element 130.
- the film element 132 is fixed to the adapter element 112 by heat sealing.
- the protective element 130 and / or the film element 132 are fixed to the adapter element 112 by heat sealing.
- Heat sealing is a particularly favorable fixing method.
- Foil elements 132 made of aluminum, for example, are particularly suitable for heat sealing.
- film elements 132 made of a poly (organo) siloxane or another of the materials described can also be used.
- connection force between the film element 132 and the adapter element 112 can be and / or increased if a corresponding tool has an elevation and / or depression.
- a complementary recess and / or elevation is preferably provided in the adapter element 112 and / or is generated by the tool.
- the film element 132 is molded onto the elevation and / or depression in the adapter element 112.
- the film element 132 can be fixed to the adapter element 112 by welding and / or by molding the film element 132 onto the adapter element 112 and / or injecting the film element 132 onto the adapter element 112.
- the protective element 130 is preferably used to protect the film element 132, for example as a protection against contact, and / or to secure the attachment of the film element 132 to the adapter element 112.
- the protective element 130 has one or more rib elements 140, which preferably extend radially away from the central axis 128 of the pressure compensation system 112.
- the one or more rib elements 140 of the protective element 130 are connected to a connecting ring.
- over the protective element 130 is preferably fixed to the adapter element 112 by means of the connecting ring.
- the protective element 130 has an opening 142 in the region of the central axis 128, which in particular serves to receive the trigger element 134 of the pressure compensation device 118.
- the trigger element 134 serves in particular to trigger a breakage and / or tearing of the film element 132 when a critical temperature and / or a critical pressure in the interior 110 of the container 108 is exceeded.
- the trigger element 134 serves in particular to trigger a rupture of the film element 132 .
- the release element 134 has an essentially conical shape which tapers, for example, counter to the pressure compensation direction 126.
- the trigger element 134 preferably has a tip.
- the trigger element 134 is a pin element 144.
- a tip of the mandrel element 144 is spaced apart from the film element 132 or is in contact with the film element 132 without damaging it.
- release element 134 is received centrally in the support device 136 and / or is formed in one piece with the support device 136.
- the support device 136 is preferably used to hold the release element 134 and / or to fix the release element 134 and / or to stabilize the pressure compensation system 100. It can be advantageous if the support device 136 has one or more support elements 146, for example rib elements, which extend away from the release element 134, preferably in radial directions with respect to the central axis 128 of the pressure compensation system 100.
- the one or more support elements 146 are, in particular, firmly bonded and / or positively and / or non-positively attached to the base body 124 of the adapter element 112.
- the support device 136 is injection-molded onto the adapter element 112 and / or injected into the adapter element.
- the cover element 138 of the pressure equalization system 100 preferably serves to protect and / or cover the pressure equalization device 118 towards the surroundings 116 of the pressure equalization system 100.
- cover element 138 is fixed to the adapter element 112 in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner.
- the cover element 138 is clamped and / or clipped into the base body 124 of the adapter element 112 on a side facing the surroundings 116.
- the cover element 138 preferably forms an outer element 148 of the pressure compensation system 100.
- cover element 138 or the outer element 148 comprise an electrically conductive material or are formed from an electrically conductive material.
- the cover element 138 and the outer element 148 are provided, in particular coated, with an electrically conductive material.
- Metallic materials and / or electrically conductive polymer materials and / or graphite materials and / or electrically conductive carbon fiber composite materials are preferably suitable as electrically conductive materials.
- Electromagnetic compatibility of the pressure compensation system 100 can be optimized by the electrically conductive material.
- the pressure equalization system 100 preferably functions as follows:
- the film element 132 is preferably pushed outwardly away from the interior 110, so that it arches in particular in the direction of the triggering element 134.
- a distance between the trigger element 134 and the film element 132 is preferably selected such that a load on the film element 132 by the trigger element 134 when a critical pressure is exceeded in the interior 110 is so high that the film element 132 tears and / or breaks.
- the film element 132 tears and / or breaks preferably at a predetermined breaking point 150 at which it is pressed against the trigger element 132.
- the film element 132 breaks and / or tears.
- the breaking and / or tearing is preferably triggered by the trigger element 134.
- At least one passage 154 (reference number is drawn in for clarity in the closed state) between the interior 110 of the Container 108 and the environment 116 created so that a pressure equalization can take place.
- the cover element 138 is preferably pushed away and / or blown off by the pressure of the equalizing direction 126 in the pressure exiting gas from the interior 110. As a result, an even faster pressure equalization can take place since, in particular, a cross section through which gas escapes is enlarged.
- a second embodiment of a pressure compensation system 100 differs in terms of structure and function essentially from the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 in that the support device 136 has exactly one support element 146, which acts as a crossbeam 145 is formed.
- the crossbar 145 preferably divides the pressure equalization opening 114 into two halves, in particular halves of essentially the same size.
- a total height of the pressure equalization system 100 parallel to the pressure equalization direction 126 is preferably approximately 7 mm or more, in particular approximately 10 mm or more, for example approximately 13 mm or more.
- the height of the pressure equalization system 100 is preferably approx. 23 mm or less, in particular approx. 20 mm or less, for example approx.
- the second embodiment of a pressure equalization system 100 shown in FIG. 5 essentially corresponds in terms of structure and function to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, so that reference is made to the description thereof.
- the pressure equalization equal system 100 can be mounted and / or is mounted from an outside of the container facing away from the interior 110.
- a large part of the adapter element 112 is preferably arranged on an outer side of the wall 104 of the container 108 facing away from the interior 110.
- a third embodiment of a pressure compensation system 100 shown in FIGS. 6 to 9 differs in terms of structure and function essentially from the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 in that the pressure compensation device 118 does not include a separate trigger element 134, by means of which predetermined breaking points 150 can be and / or are generated in the film element 132.
- the film element 132 preferably has one or more predetermined breaking points 150 which tear when a critical temperature is exceeded and / or when a critical pressure is exceeded in the interior 110 of the container 108 and / or break.
- the one or more predetermined breaking points 150 are preferably designed in the form of one or more material weak points 152 in a material of the film element 132, which fail in particular under critical conditions.
- the film element 132 In the area of the one or more material weak points 152, the film element 132 preferably has a locally reduced thickness compared to the adjoining areas.
- the thickness of the film element 132 is preferably reduced in the area of the one or more material weak points 152 by approximately 5% or more, in particular by approximately 10% or more, for example by approximately 15% or more Compared to the thickness in the areas of the foil element 132 adjoining it.
- the one or more material weak points 152 are formed by scoring and / or prepunching and / or cutting into the film element 132.
- the film element 132 preferably breaks at the one or more predetermined breaking points 150 when the critical pressure in the interior 110 of the container 108 is exceeded.
- One or more passages 154 between the interior 108 of the container 108 and the surroundings 116 of the pressure equalization system 100 are formed at the one or more predetermined breaking points 150, in particular due to the tearing and / or breaking. Through the one or more passages 154, an overpressure in the interior 110 can be adjusted to an ambient pressure of the pressure equalization system 100 and thus in particular reduced. Additionally or alternatively, the passage (s) formed in the film element 132 can adjust the temperature within the interior 110 to an ambient temperature due to the gas exchange with the surroundings 116 and thus in particular reduce it.
- the one or more material weak points 152 are designed as cross-shaped (pre-) punchings and / or incisions and / or incisions, for example on a side of the film element 132 facing the surroundings 116 of the container 108.
- the pressure equalization system 100 is preferably fixed to the wall 104 of the container 108 from an outside of the container 108 facing the surroundings.
- the adapter element 112 is preferably fixed in accordance with one of the variants described in connection with the first embodiment.
- the protective element 130 is provided at the rear, which is in particular at least approximately designed in the form of a grid and / or has openings 156 along the pressure compensation direction 126.
- the pressure equalization system 100 preferably has no support device 136.
- the adapter element 112 and / or the film element 132 are manufactured from a polymer material or comprise a polymer material, in particular an elastomeric polymer material and / or an elastomeric thermoplastic polymer material.
- the protective element 130 is preferably formed from a metallic material, in particular aluminum and / or steel, or comprises a metallic material, in particular aluminum and / or steel.
- the protective element 130 can comprise a polymer material or be formed from a polymer material.
- the polymer material of the protective element 130 comprises or is formed from an electrically conductive polymer material.
- protective element 130 is provided, in particular coated, with an electrically conductive material.
- Metallic materials and / or electrically conductive polymer materials and / or graphite materials and / or electrically conductive carbon fiber composite materials are preferably suitable as electrically conductive materials.
- EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) protection can be optimized by an electrically conductive protective element and / or the electrically conductive material.
- the protective element 130 forms, in particular, a support plate for the film element 132.
- FIGS. 6 to 9 corresponds to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 with regard to structure and function, so that reference is made to the description thereof.
- a fourth embodiment of a pressure compensation system 100 shown in FIG. 10 differs in terms of structure and function essentially. borrowed from the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 in that the outer element 148 at least approximately completely surrounds and / or covers the adapter element 112 on an outer side of the adapter element 112 facing the surroundings 116.
- the film element 132 is fixed between the adapter element 112, in particular an outer side of the adapter element 112, and the outer element 148, in particular an inner side of the outer element 148, in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner.
- the film element 132 is clamped between the adapter element 112 and the outer element 148.
- the outer element 148 and the adapter element 112 are connected to one another in a force-locking and / or form-locking manner.
- the outer element 148 is clipped into the adapter element 112.
- the outer element 148 preferably has one or more connecting elements which are clipped into one or more connecting elements of the adapter element 112.
- these are preferably regularly arranged along a circumferential direction of the pressure equalization system 100.
- a sealing element for example an O-ring
- the adapter element 112 in particular forms an inner shell and / or the outer element 148 forms an outer shell.
- a total height of the pressure compensation system 100 parallel to the pressure compensation direction 126 is preferably approximately 15 mm or more, in particular approximately 17 mm or more, for example approximately 20 mm or more.
- the height of the pressure equalization system 100 is preferably approx. 30 mm or less, in particular approx. 27 mm or less, for example approx.
- the adapter element 112 preferably engages behind the wall 104 of the container 108 at an end of the adapter element 112 facing the interior 110.
- FIGS. 7 to 10 essentially corresponds in terms of structure and function to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, so that reference is made to the description thereof.
- Fig. 11 the protective element 130 is shown in a closed state of the pressure compensation device 118.
- FIG. 12 the protective element 130 is shown in an open state of the pressure compensation device 118.
- the protective element 130 preferably has a plurality of openings 156 arranged in a grid shape and / or is designed in the shape of a sieve.
- the openings 156 are arranged in a plurality of parallel rows. In particular, several openings 156 are arranged in a row at regular intervals from one another. In the closed state of the pressure compensation device 118 shown in FIG. 11, the openings 156 are preferably closed and / or filled by a polymer material.
- the polymer material is preferably changed in such a way that the openings 156 are exposed.
- the polymer material melts, exposing the openings 156.
- the pressure equalization device 118 is then in an open state.
- the protective element 130 is used in particular to avoid a fire strike.
- the protective element 130 preferably forms a flame suppressor element 160.
- the flame damper element 160 comprises or is formed from a metallic material.
- Preferred metallic materials are aluminum and / or steel.
- the flame damper element 160 is made of a thermally conductive and temperature-stable polymer material or comprises such a material.
- the flame damper element 160 is used in combination with adapter elements 112, which are at least partially thermally conductive.
- adapter elements 112 which are at least partially thermally conductive.
- a thermally conductive and / or electrically conductive contact of the protective element 130 and the adapter element 112 is formed.
- the protective element 130 can thus form a heat dissipation device.
- the polymer material preferably has an ablative effect and / or is burned away if the critical temperature and / or the critical pressure are exceeded.
- a thermal stability of the polymer material is preferably approx. 100 ° C. or more, in particular approx. 110 ° C. or more, for example approx.
- the thermal stability of the polymer material is preferably approx.
- openings 156 are provided.
- the openings 156 preferably have a round or polygonal cross section perpendicular to the pressure compensation direction 126.
- the openings 156 are triangular, rectangular, pentagonal and / or hexagonal.
- the openings 156 can also have a different shape.
- the openings 156 in the pressure compensation direction 126 have a diameter of approximately 3 ⁇ m or more, in particular of approximately 100 ⁇ m or more.
- the diameter of the plurality of openings 156 is preferably approx.
- the diameter of the plurality of openings 156 is approx.
- the diameter is preferably the diameter of each opening.
- the "diameter” is preferably an average diameter, which is formed in particular by the arithmetic mean of all diameters.
- the "diameter” preferably denotes a diagonal or the longest side edge.
- the protective element 130 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, which is a flame suppressor element 160, can be used with all of the embodiments of the pressure equalization system 100 described above or below.
- the fifth embodiment of a pressure compensation system 100 shown in FIGS. 14 to 17 differs in terms of structure and function essentially from the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 in that the adapter element 112 has a radially outer sealing element 162 which is arranged in the area of an opening 165 of the wall 104 of the container 108 in the radial direction 164 with respect to the central axis 128 of the pressure compensation system 100 between a base body 124 of the adapter element 112 and the wall 104 of the container 108.
- the wall 104 of the container 108 is shown in detail for the sake of clarity.
- the radially outer sealing element 162 surrounds the base body 124 of the adapter element 112 in the circumferential direction of the same completely dig. It can be advantageous if the radially outer sealing element 162 is at least approximately in the form of a hollow cylinder.
- the radially outer sealing element 162 comprises one or more, in the present case two, sealing projections 168 which, in the assembled state, bear directly on the wall 104 of the container 108.
- the sealing projections 168 are connected to one another along an axial direction with respect to the central axis 128, preferably by one or more groove-shaped depressions.
- the radially outer sealing element 162 lies preferably from the inside, in particular over its entire circumference, on an edge region of the opening 165 of the wall 104 of the container 108 and / or lines it from the inside when the pressure equalization system 100 is installed.
- An extension of the radially outer sealing element 162 along an axial direction with respect to the central axis 128 of the pressure compensation system 100 and / or along the pressure compensation direction 126 is preferably approximately a quarter or more and / or approximately three quarters or less of an extension of the base body 124 of the adapter element 112 along the same Direction.
- sealing projections 168 are designed in the form of sealing beads and / or bear against a region of the wall 104 of the container 108, which is turned towards the interior 110 of the container 108 and the interior 110 of the container 108 facing away Outside of the wall 104 connects.
- the radially outer sealing element 162 is received in a sealing element receptacle 170, for example a receiving groove.
- the radially outer sealing element 162 is longitudinal with respect to a displacement due to the sealing element receptacle 170 an axial direction with respect to the central axis 128 of the pressure equalization system 100 fixed and / or set.
- the radially outer sealing element 162 is formed from or comprises an elastomeric polymer material.
- the pressure compensation system 100 preferably does not include a separately designed support device 136, but rather the support device 136 forms a component of the adapter element 112 and / or is designed in one piece with the base body 124 of the adapter element 112.
- the support device 136 preferably comprises several, in the present case four, rib-shaped support elements 146 which carry and / or stabilize the release element 134.
- the trigger element 134 is preferably frustum-shaped and / or has an at least approximately hexagonal cross-section or a star-shaped cross-section.
- the cross section is in particular taken parallel to a main plane of extent of the wall 104 of the container 108.
- a protective element 130 of the pressure equalization system 100 has a honeycomb structure which has hexagonal openings 156 in cross section.
- An opening 142 of the protective element 130 which is arranged in a line with the triggering element 134 in the pressure equalization direction 126 preferably has a shape that is complementary to the triggering element 134.
- the release element 134 is preferably passed through this opening 142, which is designed to be complementary to the release element 134, when the pressure compensation device 118 is released.
- a cover element 138 of the pressure compensation system 100 is preferably connected to the base body 124 of the adapter element 112 in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner by means of a latching device 172 of the pressure compensation system 100.
- the latching device 172 comprises a plurality of latching elements 174 which extend away from a cover plate 176.
- the latching elements 174 are, for example, spring elements 175 which are designed to be resilient relative to the cover plate 176.
- the cover plate 176 is preferably arranged at an end of the pressure equalization system 100 facing away from the interior 110 of the container 108.
- the cover plate 176 is preferably flat and / or planar.
- latching elements 174 are at least approximately tongue-shaped and / or are arranged regularly along a circumferential direction of the cover element 138.
- the latching elements 174 preferably engage in receiving recesses 180 provided for this purpose in the adapter element 112 or the wall 104 of the container 108.
- the receiving recesses 180 can also be formed by radial recesses in the base body 124 of the adapter element 112 or the wall 104 of the container 108.
- a latching element 174 is preferably pushed into a receiving recess 180 and is held in a latching position in particular due to a projection of the latching element 174.
- the plurality of latching elements 174 are clipped into the receiving recesses 180.
- the cover element 138 is preferably fixed with respect to a displacement relative to the adapter element 112 by the locking elements 174 received in the receiving projections 180.
- an insertion and / or fixing of the locking elements 174 in the receiving recesses 180 is preferably optimized.
- a plurality of projections 182 extend from an edge region of the cover plate 176 of the cover element 138 away from the cover plate 176 counter to the pressure compensation direction 126.
- a degassing volume flow can be adapted through the arrangement and / or extension of the projections 182 or the openings formed between them in the circumferential direction.
- edges of the projections 182 facing away from the cover plate 176 lie on and / or on the adapter element 112 in the assembled state of the pressure equalization system 100.
- a wide projection 182a and two narrow projections 182b are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction of the cover element 138.
- the wide projections 182a preferably each have an extension which is approximately a quarter or more and / or approximately half or less of an extension of the narrow projections 182b in the circumferential direction of the cover element 138.
- the film element 132 designed as a membrane is received along the pressure equalization direction 126 between the protective element 130 and the adapter element 112 in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting and / or material-fitting manner.
- FIGS. 14 to 17 essentially corresponds in terms of structure and function to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, so that reference is made to the description thereof.
- a sixth embodiment of a pressure compensation system 100 shown in FIGS. 18 to 21 differs in terms of structure and function essentially from the fifth embodiment shown in FIGS the cover element 138 are made in one piece and / or are connected to one another in a materially bonded manner.
- a cover plate 176 of the cover element 138 has a plurality of projections 182 which have at least approximately the same extent along a circumferential direction of the cover element 138 and / or are regularly arranged along the circumferential direction of the cover element 138.
- the cover plate 176 is connected to the base body 124 of the adapter element 112 via the projections 182.
- a plurality of, in particular rectangular, openings are preferably formed between the projections 182 along the circumferential direction of the cover element 138.
- the projections 182 are preferably arranged in an arched manner with respect to a main extension plane of the cover plate 176.
- the supporting device 136 is designed to be curved in the direction of the interior 110 of the container 108 in an assembled state of the pressure equalization system 100.
- the trigger element 134 is preferably arranged and / or fixed on a region of the support device 136 which is most distant from the cover plate 176.
- FIGS. 18 to 21 essentially corresponds in terms of structure and function to the fifth embodiment shown in FIGS. 14 to 17, so that reference is made to the description thereof.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019218456.1A DE102019218456A1 (de) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Druckausgleichssystem und elektrochemisches System |
| DE202020101150.2U DE202020101150U1 (de) | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-02 | Druckausgleichssystem und elektrochemisches System |
| PCT/EP2020/083045 WO2021105052A1 (de) | 2019-11-28 | 2020-11-23 | Druckausgleichssystem und elektrochemisches system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4066311A1 true EP4066311A1 (de) | 2022-10-05 |
Family
ID=70468635
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20811608.7A Withdrawn EP4066311A1 (de) | 2019-11-28 | 2020-11-23 | Druckausgleichssystem und elektrochemisches system |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4066311A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN114747076A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102019218456A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021105052A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020112565B4 (de) | 2020-05-08 | 2024-06-13 | Hugo Benzing Gmbh & Co. Kg | Druckentlastungsventil |
| CN113764792A (zh) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-12-07 | 伊利诺斯工具制品有限公司 | 压力平衡装置 |
| DE102020113999B4 (de) * | 2020-05-26 | 2022-03-10 | Mann+Hummel Gmbh | Entgasungseinheit und Elektronikgehäuse, insbesondere Batteriegehäuse |
| DE202020105592U1 (de) | 2020-09-30 | 2021-10-01 | Hugo Benzing Gmbh & Co. Kg | Berstschutzabdeckung für einen Behälter |
| DE102020129933A1 (de) | 2020-11-12 | 2022-05-12 | Konzelmann Gmbh | Druckausgleichsvorrichtung |
| DE202020005406U1 (de) | 2020-11-12 | 2022-02-21 | Konzelmann Gmbh | Druckausgleichsvorrichtung |
| DE102020134548B4 (de) | 2020-12-22 | 2024-10-02 | Bodo Konzelmann KG. | Notentgasungsvorrichtung |
| DE102021129913A1 (de) | 2021-01-14 | 2022-07-14 | Mann+Hummel Gmbh | Batterieentgasungseinheit und Batteriegehäuse |
| KR20240001178A (ko) * | 2021-04-26 | 2024-01-03 | 도날드슨 컴파니, 인코포레이티드 | 중합체 파열 디스크 시스템 |
| KR102931489B1 (ko) * | 2021-04-30 | 2026-02-25 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 전지 팩 및 이를 포함하는 디바이스 |
| CN113363662B (zh) * | 2021-06-05 | 2023-04-11 | 广东省华米时代新能源科技有限公司 | 一种锂电池防爆安全阀 |
| DE102021115433A1 (de) * | 2021-06-15 | 2022-12-15 | Mann+Hummel Gmbh | Entgasungseinheit und Gehäuse, insbesondere Batteriegehäuse |
| DE102021116766A1 (de) | 2021-06-30 | 2023-01-05 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Berstplättchen für eine Fahrzeugbatterie, Bersteinrichtung, Verfahren sowie Fahrzeugbatterie |
| EP4191764B1 (de) * | 2021-10-15 | 2025-06-11 | Contemporary Amperex Technology (Hong Kong) Limited | Batteriekasten, batterie und elektrisches gerät |
| DE102021129752A1 (de) * | 2021-11-15 | 2023-05-17 | Mann+Hummel Gmbh | Entgasungseinheit, Membran, Gehäuse, insbesondere Batteriegehäuse, und Herstellungsverfahren einer Membran |
| DE102021131758A1 (de) * | 2021-12-02 | 2023-06-07 | Boge Elastmetall Gmbh | Druckausgleichselement |
| US12100855B2 (en) | 2022-02-04 | 2024-09-24 | Mann+Hummel Gmbh | Hermetically closed battery degas venting unit for a battery enclosure/pack/housing |
| DE102022109065A1 (de) | 2022-04-13 | 2023-10-19 | Mann+Hummel Gmbh | Druckausgleichsvorrichtung für ein Batteriegehäuse und Batteriegehäuse |
| US20230420795A1 (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2023-12-28 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Battery pack with sacrificial cell vent |
| CN119790534A (zh) | 2022-09-07 | 2025-04-08 | 唐纳森公司 | 破裂式阀 |
| CN115750866B (zh) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-06-06 | 深圳市富程威科技股份有限公司 | 防爆阀 |
| DE102023115563A1 (de) | 2023-06-14 | 2024-12-19 | Webasto SE | Batteriegehäuse und Fahrzeugbatterie |
| US20250087821A1 (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2025-03-13 | The Boeing Company | Apparatus for Containing Thermal Events of Energy Storage Devices |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011080325A1 (de) * | 2011-08-03 | 2013-02-07 | Elringklinger Ag | Druckausgleichsvorrichtung für ein Gehäuse einer elektrochemischen Vorrichtung |
| DE102012022346B4 (de) * | 2012-11-15 | 2018-03-22 | Mann+Hummel Gmbh | Batterie-Gehäuse |
| DE102014100863A1 (de) * | 2014-01-27 | 2015-07-30 | Elringklinger Ag | Elektrochemische Zelle und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer elektrochemischen Zelle |
| DE102014111041B4 (de) * | 2014-08-04 | 2023-07-06 | Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH | Entgasungsventil zur Entgasung eines Gehäuses, insbesondere eines Gehäuses einer Batterie eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
-
2019
- 2019-11-28 DE DE102019218456.1A patent/DE102019218456A1/de active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-03-02 DE DE202020101150.2U patent/DE202020101150U1/de active Active
- 2020-11-23 EP EP20811608.7A patent/EP4066311A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-11-23 CN CN202080080705.2A patent/CN114747076A/zh active Pending
- 2020-11-23 WO PCT/EP2020/083045 patent/WO2021105052A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE202020101150U1 (de) | 2020-03-12 |
| CN114747076A (zh) | 2022-07-12 |
| DE102019218456A1 (de) | 2021-06-02 |
| WO2021105052A1 (de) | 2021-06-03 |
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