EP4059624B1 - Device and method for separating dusty materials - Google Patents

Device and method for separating dusty materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4059624B1
EP4059624B1 EP22000047.5A EP22000047A EP4059624B1 EP 4059624 B1 EP4059624 B1 EP 4059624B1 EP 22000047 A EP22000047 A EP 22000047A EP 4059624 B1 EP4059624 B1 EP 4059624B1
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Prior art keywords
classifying
classifying wheel
wheel
baffles
flow channels
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP4059624A1 (en
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Stefano L. Zampini
Benjamin BIBER
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Hosokawa Alpine AG
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Hosokawa Alpine AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
    • B07B7/083—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums, or brushes

Definitions

  • the invention is directed to a classifying wheel for a centrifugal force air classifier according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for separating classifying material dispersed in a classifying fluid into a fine and a coarse fraction according to the preamble of claim 10.
  • Air classifiers are used to separate material dispersed in a fluid into a fine and a coarse fraction.
  • the separating effect of a classifying wheel is based on the fact that the drag force of the fluid and the centrifugal force in the flow channels between the classifying wheel blades of a classifying wheel, the so-called deflector wheel, act on the individual particles of the solid in opposite directions.
  • the drag force predominates, so that they are carried along by the fluid and discharged as fines.
  • centrifugal force predominates, so that they are thrown out of the deflector wheel against the fluid flow.
  • the particle size for which centrifugal force and drag force are in balance, i.e. which is equally likely to end up in the fine or coarse material, is called the separation particle size or separation limit.
  • Centrifugal force wind sifters with deflector wheels are one of the preferred sifters for producing very fine sifted goods with relatively little energy expenditure. For a clear separation of the visible material into fine material and coarse material, it is necessary that there is a uniform flow with the same average radial velocity of the fluid in all flow channels of the deflector wheel.
  • This sucking out of the fine material from inside the sifting wheel creates unstable flow conditions during sifting, which prevent higher fineness from being achieved.
  • This outflow occurs depending on the selected operating conditions during sifting and takes place at least in a flow channel between two sifting wheel blades.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a sifting wheel and a sifting method which prevents unstable flow conditions due to the formation of eddies in flow channels of sifting wheels.
  • the classifying wheel according to the invention for a centrifugal force air classifier is arranged in a rotationally driven manner and is flowed through from the outside to the inside in the opposite direction to its centrifugal direction. It has sifting wheel blades arranged in a ring between two holding disks. The classifying wheel blades and the retaining disks limit the flow channels. Internals that influence the course of flow are arranged in these flow channels.
  • the separating wheel according to the invention has additional internals in its flow channels, which are delimited by the separating wheel blades, near the outlet side of the flow channels, i.e. towards the axis of rotation of the separating wheel. These internals result in the same or at least similar amount of fluid flowing through the individual flow channels.
  • the internals prevent fine material from flowing from the center of the sifting wheel back into the sifting space outside the sifting wheel, thereby stabilizing the flow through the sifting wheel.
  • the internals are located within the inner two-thirds (2/3) of the sifting wheel radius in the flow channels.
  • Flow simulations of deflector wheels with internals in the outer third of the flow channels show that in addition to the screening vortex within the radially outer third of the screening wheel radius, a second vortex forms in the flow channels of the screening wheel. This second vortex sucks material - fines - out of the center of the separating wheel. In cooperation with the sifting vortex, fine material can be discharged into the sifting space around the sifting wheel. This is undesirable.
  • the internals in the radially inner two thirds of the flow channels prevent this by creating the vortex is limited radially inwards by the internals. As a result, the vortex is not only limited on the inside, but also on the outside, namely by the internals that limit the outer visual vortex radially inwards.
  • the internals are preferably located on a common radial circular path, which is approximately in an area that lies within the inner two-thirds of the viewing wheel radius.
  • Internals serve as flow breakers in the radially inner region of the separating wheel blades, the cross sections of which preferably have a polygonal (e.g. square, rectangular, square, triangular) or round shape or a combination thereof and preferably extend axially over the entire axial height of the separating wheel blades or the flow channels .
  • a polygonal e.g. square, rectangular, square, triangular
  • round shape e.g. square, rectangular, square, triangular
  • any other cross-sectional shapes can also be used.
  • these internals do not extend over the entire axial height of the separator blades. In a further embodiment, the internals are not located on a common circular path around the axis of rotation of the classifying wheel.
  • the radial distance of these internals from the classifying wheel axis is not constant along the height of the classifying wheel axis.
  • the internals are designed in such a way that they continuously narrow the flow channel from a radially further outward position to a radially further inward position. This should mean that the narrowing occurs without one or more angular gradations.
  • These internals can be located either on both sides of the classifying wheel blades or only on the front or back of the classifying wheel blades as seen in the direction of classifying wheel rotation.
  • a preferred variant of the internals is approximately flush or flush with the separator blades on the inside.
  • the size and shape of the internals can vary depending on the application. A combination of two or more differently shaped internals is also possible.
  • the separator blades and the internals can be made from one part or from several parts.
  • the classifying wheel in the flow channels additionally has internals within the radially outer third, based on the classifying wheel radius.
  • the internals are designed as sheets with holes or openings and protrude over the entire height and width of the flow channels. They are arranged in the flow channels.
  • the contour of the sheets preferably follows the circular path around the axis of rotation Classification wheel on which they are arranged.
  • the sheets are at a constant distance from the sifting wheel axis. The distance is less than two thirds of the viewing wheel radius. This type of installation also limits the vortex inwards.
  • the holding disks, between which the classifying wheel blades are arranged, can be designed as a hub disk or cover disk.
  • the cover plate is provided with a fines outlet. It is preferably designed in a ring shape.
  • the classifying wheel according to the invention can be designed with either a single or double flow.
  • a double-flow sifting wheel can be composed of two single-flow sifting wheels.
  • the sight wheels are assembled on their cover plates so that they have a common axis of rotation.
  • the double-flow classifying wheel now has two hub disks and is mounted on both sides in the housing of the centrifugal force air classifier.
  • the two hub disks have openings that represent the fine material outlets.
  • the cover disks in the middle of the sifting wheel are omitted, so that it has a continuous interior area.
  • the internals a in the radially outermost area of the classifying wheel blades mean that the momentum of the inflowing fluid is converted into a speed increase in the classifying vortex more efficiently than in the case of the patent EP 0 983 802 A2 revealed sight wheel.
  • variants that have discontinuous courses of the specially shaped separator blades due to kinks and edges are not as efficient as variants with continuous contours due to losses in the exchange of momentum. Since the variants with bent viewing blade ends do not convert the momentum of the inflowing fluid as efficiently, the speed increases are lower compared to continuous contours.
  • the flow in the sifting wheel could be stabilized and the fineness range of sifters could be improved towards smaller finenesses.
  • the Figure 1 shows a classifying wheel (10) for a centrifugal force air classifier. It comprises a hub disk (2) carrying the classifying wheel hub (1) and an annular cover disk (4).
  • the ring-shaped separating wheel blades (3) are arranged between these disks. They are evenly distributed over the circumference of the sifting wheel (10).
  • the classifying wheel blades (3) are essentially aligned radially and delimit the flow channels.
  • the separating wheel (10) is flowed through from the outside to the inside by the separating fluid loaded with particles, for example separating air.
  • the sifting wheel (10) according to the invention has flow channels which have internals (5) in the outer third, based on the sifting wheel radius, and in addition to these internals, further internals (7) in the inner two thirds of the flow channels, based on the sifting wheel radius. These narrow the flow channel (6) on the outlet side and thereby stabilize the flow in the classifying wheel (10).
  • the separating wheel blades (3) do not run exactly in the radial direction in the radially outer third, the separating wheel radius, but are arranged inclined at an angle to the radial direction opposite to the direction of rotation. In the inner two thirds they are aligned radially.
  • the inner vortex is limited on both sides by the internals (5, 7).
  • the fluid with particles no longer flows out of the center of the sifting wheel to the outside into the sifting space around the sifting wheel, thereby stabilizing the flow through the sifting wheel.
  • the course of the undisturbed flow of fine material from the outside to the inside is indicated by the thick arrow in the Figures 2 and 3 shown.
  • the internals (7) are preferably located on a common radial circular path, which is in an area that lies within the inner two thirds of the viewing wheel radius.
  • Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the internals (7). They are designed in such a way that they continuously narrow the flow channel (6) from a position located further radially outward to a position located further radially inward. This should mean that the narrowing occurs without one or more angular gradations.
  • These internals (7) are only located on one side of the flow channel (6). The internals (7) are almost flush with the inside of the classifying wheel blades (3). You can also finish flush.
  • the internal internals (7) are designed in such a way that the internals (7) together with the classifying wheel blades (3) converge radially inwards in a point, this prevents material deposits on the inner classifying wheel blade edges.

Description

Die Erfindung richtet sich auf ein Sichtrad für einen Zentrifugalkraft-Windsichter nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und ein Verfahren zur Trennung von in einem Sichtfluid dispergierten Sichtgut in eine Fein- und eine Grobfraktion nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 10.The invention is directed to a classifying wheel for a centrifugal force air classifier according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for separating classifying material dispersed in a classifying fluid into a fine and a coarse fraction according to the preamble of claim 10.

Windsichter dienen dazu ein in einem Fluid dispergiertes Sichtgut in eine Fein- und eine Grobfraktion zu trennen. Die Trennwirkung eines Sichtrades beruht darauf, dass die Schleppkraft des Fluids und die Fliehkraft in den Strömungskanälen zwischen den Sichtradschaufeln eines Sichtrades, des sogenannten Abweiserades in einander entgegengesetzten Richtungen auf die einzelnen Partikel des Feststoffes einwirken. Bei kleinen Partikeln überwiegt die Schleppkraft, so dass sie vom Fluid mitgenommen und als Feingut ausgetragen werden. Bei großen Partikeln überwiegt die Fliehkraft, so dass sie entgegen der Fluidströmung aus dem Abweiserad geschleudert werden. Die Partikelgröße, für die Fliehkraft und Schleppkraft im Gleichgewicht sind, die also mit gleicher Wahrscheinlichkeit in das Feingut oder das Grobgut gelangt, wird als Trennkorngröße oder Trenngrenze bezeichnet.Air classifiers are used to separate material dispersed in a fluid into a fine and a coarse fraction. The separating effect of a classifying wheel is based on the fact that the drag force of the fluid and the centrifugal force in the flow channels between the classifying wheel blades of a classifying wheel, the so-called deflector wheel, act on the individual particles of the solid in opposite directions. For small particles, the drag force predominates, so that they are carried along by the fluid and discharged as fines. In the case of large particles, centrifugal force predominates, so that they are thrown out of the deflector wheel against the fluid flow. The particle size for which centrifugal force and drag force are in balance, i.e. which is equally likely to end up in the fine or coarse material, is called the separation particle size or separation limit.

Die Anforderungen an die Sichtung von Schüttgütern werden immer höher. Es werden immer größere Mengen an Schüttgut gesichtet. Auch an das Ergebnis der Sichtung werden immer höhere Anforderungen gestellt. Die Sichtung soll nicht nur wirtschaftlich sein, auch die Trennschärfe und das Ausbringen sollen hoch sein. Zudem werden die Anforderungen an die Sichter hinsichtlich der erreichbaren Feinheiten immer höher.The requirements for the inspection of bulk materials are becoming ever higher. Increasingly large quantities of bulk material are being discovered. Increasingly high demands are also placed on the results of the inspection. The screening should not only be economical, the selectivity and output should also be high. In addition, the demands on the classifiers are becoming ever higher in terms of the fineness that can be achieved.

Zentrifugalkraft-Windsichter mit Abweiserad sind eine der bevorzugten Sichter zur Erzeugung von sehr feinen Sichtgütern unter verhältnismäßig geringem Energieaufwand. Für eine scharfe Trennung des Sichtgutes in Feingut und Grobgut ist es erforderlich, dass in allen Strömungskanälen des Abweiserades eine gleichmäßige Durchströmung mit gleicher mittlerer Radialgeschwindigkeit des Fluids erfolgt.Centrifugal force wind sifters with deflector wheels are one of the preferred sifters for producing very fine sifted goods with relatively little energy expenditure. For a clear separation of the visible material into fine material and coarse material, it is necessary that there is a uniform flow with the same average radial velocity of the fluid in all flow channels of the deflector wheel.

Selbst bei optimaler Ausbildung des Fluidzulaufes ist es jedoch nicht zu vermeiden, dass sich wegen turbulenter Strömungsverhältnisse und vor allem bei einem Abweiserad mit relativ großer axialer Erstreckung nur eine ungleichmäßige Durchströmung der Kanäle zwischen den Schaufeln einstellt. Die Folge ist eine unscharfe Trennung und ein geringerer Durchsatz gegenüber dem bei gleichmäßiger Durchströmung möglichen Wert.However, even with optimal design of the fluid inlet, it cannot be avoided that due to turbulent flow conditions and especially with a deflector wheel with a relatively large axial extent, an uneven flow through the channels between the blades occurs. The result is a blurred separation and a lower throughput compared to the value possible with a uniform flow.

Es ist bekannt, wie in DE 198 40 344 A2 ( EP 0983802 A2 ) offenbart, Einbauten im radial äußerer Bereich der Sichtradkanäle vorzusehen, um unerwünschte und unkontrollierte Wirbelbildungen in den Strömungskanälen zwischen den Sichtradschaufeln zu verhindern. Gleichzeitig sollen die Einbauten im radial äußeren Bereich der Sichtradkanäle eine kontrollierte Wirbelbildung zur Erzeugung einer Sichtzone im äußeren Bereich zwischen den Sichtradschaufeln schaffen. Dies ist im Patent DE 198 40 344 A2 durch einen Strömungsbrecher in Form von Einbauten in den Strömungskanälen gelöst, an dem sich die Sichtwirbel ablösen.It is known as in DE 198 40 344 A2 ( EP 0983802 A2 ) discloses providing internals in the radially outer area of the separating wheel channels in order to prevent unwanted and uncontrolled vortex formation in the flow channels between the separating wheel blades. At the same time, the internals in the radially outer area of the separating wheel channels are intended to create a controlled vortex formation to create a viewing zone in the outer area between the separating wheel blades. This is in the patent DE 198 40 344 A2 solved by a flow breaker in the form of installations in the flow channels, where the visible vortices are separated.

Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, dass die im Patent DE 198 40 344 A2 offenbarten Einbauten zu einer unerwünschten und unkontrollierten Wirbelbildung im radial inneren Bereich der Sichtradkanäle führen, welche sich über die gesamte radiale Ausdehnung der Sichtradschaufeln innerhalb der äußeren Einbauten in den Strömungskanälen ausbilden. Diese unerwünschten Wirbel beeinflussen das Sichtverhalten nachteilig. Diese unerwünschten Wirbel im radial inneren Bereich sind von der Drehrichtung her entgegengesetzt zu denen, durch die Einbauten erwünschten Wirbeln orientiert. In Abhängigkeit der gewählten Betriebsbedingungen sind die unerwünschten Wirbel unterschiedlich stark ausgeprägt. Unter Umständen können diese Wirbel so stark sein, dass sie aus dem Inneren des Sichtrades partikelbeladenes Fluid wieder in die Strömungskanäle zwischen den Sichtradschaufeln hineinsaugen. Durch dieses heraussaugen des Feinguts aus dem Inneren des Sichtrads entstehen instabile Strömungszustände bei der Sichtung, die das Erreichen höherer Feinheiten verhindern. Dieses Ausströmen tritt je nach den gewählten Betriebsbedingungen bei der Sichtung auf und findet mindestens in einem Strömungskanal zwischen zwei Sichtradschaufeln statt.However, it has been shown that the patent DE 198 40 344 A2 disclosed internals lead to undesirable and uncontrolled vortex formation in the radially inner region of the classifying wheel channels, which form over the entire radial extent of the classifying wheel blades within the outer internals in the flow channels. These unwanted vortices have a negative impact on visual behavior. These undesirable vortices in the radially inner region are oriented in the opposite direction in terms of rotation to the vortices desired by the internals. Depending on the selected operating conditions, the undesirable vortices have different degrees of intensity. Under certain circumstances, these vortices can be so strong that they suck particle-laden fluid from the inside of the classifying wheel back into the flow channels between the classifying wheel blades. This sucking out of the fine material from inside the sifting wheel creates unstable flow conditions during sifting, which prevent higher fineness from being achieved. This outflow occurs depending on the selected operating conditions during sifting and takes place at least in a flow channel between two sifting wheel blades.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Sichtrad und ein Sichtverfahren zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches instabile Strömungszustände aufgrund der Wirbelbildung in Strömungskanälen von Sichträdern verhindert.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a sifting wheel and a sifting method which prevents unstable flow conditions due to the formation of eddies in flow channels of sifting wheels.

Bei einem Sichtrad für einen Zentrifugalkraft-Windsichter und einem Verfahren zur Trennung von in einem Sichtfluid dispergiertem Sichtgut in eine Fein- und eine Grobfraktion der eingangs beschriebenen Art wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch das Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 und des Anspruchs 10 gelöst.In the case of a classifying wheel for a centrifugal force air classifier and a method for separating classifying material dispersed in a classifying fluid into a fine and a coarse fraction of the type described above, the object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing part of claim 1 and claim 10.

Das erfindungsgemäße Sichtrad für einen Zentrifugalkraft-Windsichter ist drehangetrieben in diesem angeordnet und wird entgegen seiner Schleuderrichtung von außen nach innen durchströmt. Es weist zwischen zwei Haltescheiben kranzförmig angeordnete Sichtradschaufeln auf. Die Sichtradschaufeln und die Haltescheiben begrenzen die Strömungskanäle. In diesen Strömungskanälen sind den Strömungsverlauf beeinflussende Einbauten angeordnet.The classifying wheel according to the invention for a centrifugal force air classifier is arranged in a rotationally driven manner and is flowed through from the outside to the inside in the opposite direction to its centrifugal direction. It has sifting wheel blades arranged in a ring between two holding disks. The classifying wheel blades and the retaining disks limit the flow channels. Internals that influence the course of flow are arranged in these flow channels.

Das erfindungsgemäße Sichtrad weist in seinen Strömungskanälen, die durch die Sichtradschaufeln begrenzt sind, zusätzlich Einbauten in der Nähe der Auslassseite der Strömungskanäle auf, d.h. zur Drehachse des Sichtrades hin. Diese Einbauten führen dazu, dass die einzelnen Strömungskanäle mit gleicher bzw. zumindest ähnlicher Fluidmenge durchströmt werden.The separating wheel according to the invention has additional internals in its flow channels, which are delimited by the separating wheel blades, near the outlet side of the flow channels, i.e. towards the axis of rotation of the separating wheel. These internals result in the same or at least similar amount of fluid flowing through the individual flow channels.

Diese Einbauten verhindern, dass Feingut aus der Sichtradmitte zurück in den Sichtraum außerhalb des Sichtrades fließt, wodurch eine Stabilisierung der Sichtraddurchströmung erreicht wird. Die Einbauten sind innerhalb der inneren zwei Drittel (2/3) des Sichtradradius in den Strömungskanälen angeordnet.These internals prevent fine material from flowing from the center of the sifting wheel back into the sifting space outside the sifting wheel, thereby stabilizing the flow through the sifting wheel. The internals are located within the inner two-thirds (2/3) of the sifting wheel radius in the flow channels.

Strömungssimulationen von Abweiserädern mit Einbauten im äußeren Drittel der Strömungskanäle zeigen, dass sich in den Strömungskanälen des Sichtrads zusätzlich zu dem Sichtwirbel innerhalb des radial äußeren Drittels des Sichtradradius ein zweiter Wirbel ausbildet. Dieser zweite Wirbel saugt Material - Feingut - aus der Sichtradmitte heraus. Im Zusammenwirken mit dem Sichtwirbel kann so Feingut in den Sichtraum um das Sichtrad herum ausgetragen werden. Dies ist ungewünscht. Die Einbauten in den radial inneren zwei Drittel der Strömungskanäle, bezogen auf den Sichtradradius verhindern dies, indem der Wirbel durch die Einbauten radial nach innen begrenzt wird. Dadurch ist der Wirbel nicht nur innen begrenzt, sondern auch außen, nämlich durch die Einbauten, die den äußeren Sichtwirbel radial nach innen begrenzen.Flow simulations of deflector wheels with internals in the outer third of the flow channels show that in addition to the screening vortex within the radially outer third of the screening wheel radius, a second vortex forms in the flow channels of the screening wheel. This second vortex sucks material - fines - out of the center of the separating wheel. In cooperation with the sifting vortex, fine material can be discharged into the sifting space around the sifting wheel. This is undesirable. The internals in the radially inner two thirds of the flow channels, based on the sighting wheel radius, prevent this by creating the vortex is limited radially inwards by the internals. As a result, the vortex is not only limited on the inside, but also on the outside, namely by the internals that limit the outer visual vortex radially inwards.

Es ist deshalb vorteilhaft, wenn in den radial inneren zwei Drittel der Sichtradschaufeln, bezogen auf den Sichtradradius, ebenfalls Einbauten in den Sichtradkanälen vorgesehen sind, die diese Wirbelbildung kontrollieren und räumlich begrenzen. Durch die Einbauten im radial inneren Bereich der Strömungskanäle kommt es zu einer gezielten und kontrollieren Wirbelablösung an diesen innenliegenden Einbauten. Dadurch wird verhindert, dass sich dieser Wirbel über den gesamten radialen Bereich der Strömungskanäle zwischen dem inneren Ende der Sichtradschaufeln und den Einbauten im äußeren Drittel der Strömungskanäle, bezogen auf den Sichtradradius, erstreckt. Dadurch können diese Einbauten das beobachtete Ausströmen bzw. Aussaugen von Sichtfluid und Partikeln aus der Sichtradmitte durch die Strömungskanäle nach außen aus dem Sichtrad heraus reduzieren.It is therefore advantageous if in the radially inner two thirds of the separating wheel blades, based on the separating wheel radius, there are also installations in the separating wheel channels that control and spatially limit this vortex formation. The internals in the radially inner area of the flow channels result in a targeted and controlled vortex shedding on these internal internals. This prevents this vortex from extending over the entire radial area of the flow channels between the inner end of the classifying wheel blades and the internals in the outer third of the flow channels, based on the classifying wheel radius. As a result, these internals can reduce the observed outflow or suction of sifting fluid and particles from the center of the sifting wheel through the flow channels to the outside of the sifting wheel.

Die Einbauten befinden sich vorzugsweise auf einer gemeinsamen radialen Kreisbahn, die etwa in einem Bereich, der innerhalb der inneren zwei Drittel des Sichtradradius liegt.The internals are preferably located on a common radial circular path, which is approximately in an area that lies within the inner two-thirds of the viewing wheel radius.

Als Strömungsbrecher im radial innenliegenden Bereich der Sichtradschaufeln dienen Einbauten, deren Querschnitte vorzugsweise eine mehreckige (z.B. quadratische, rechteckige, viereckige, dreieckige) oder runde Form besitzen oder eine Kombination davon und sich axial vorzugsweise über die gesamte axiale Höhe der Sichtradschaufeln bzw. der Strömungskanäle erstrecken. Es können jedoch, je nach Anwendungsfall, auch jegliche andere Querschnittsformen Anwendung finden.Internals serve as flow breakers in the radially inner region of the separating wheel blades, the cross sections of which preferably have a polygonal (e.g. square, rectangular, square, triangular) or round shape or a combination thereof and preferably extend axially over the entire axial height of the separating wheel blades or the flow channels . However, depending on the application, any other cross-sectional shapes can also be used.

In alternativen Ausführungsformen erstrecken sich diese Einbauten nicht über die gesamte axiale Höhe der Sichtradschaufeln. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform befinden sich die Einbauten nicht auf einer gemeinsamen Kreisbahn um die Drehachse des Sichtrads.In alternative embodiments, these internals do not extend over the entire axial height of the separator blades. In a further embodiment, the internals are not located on a common circular path around the axis of rotation of the classifying wheel.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist der radiale Abstand dieser Einbauten zur Sichtradachse entlang der Höhe der Sichtradachse nicht konstant.In a further embodiment, the radial distance of these internals from the classifying wheel axis is not constant along the height of the classifying wheel axis.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante sind die Einbauten so gestaltet, dass sie den Strömungskanal von einer radial weiter außen liegenden Position zu einer radial weiter innenliegenden Position stetig verengen. Dies soll bedeuten, dass die Verengung ohne eine oder mehrere kantige Abstufungen erfolgt.In a particularly preferred embodiment variant, the internals are designed in such a way that they continuously narrow the flow channel from a radially further outward position to a radially further inward position. This should mean that the narrowing occurs without one or more angular gradations.

Diese Einbauten können sich entweder auf beiden Seiten der Sichtradschaufeln befinden oder nur auf der in Sichtraddrehrichtung gesehenen Vorderseite oder Rückseite der Sichtradschaufeln.These internals can be located either on both sides of the classifying wheel blades or only on the front or back of the classifying wheel blades as seen in the direction of classifying wheel rotation.

Eine bevorzugte Variante der Einbauten schließt auf der Innenseite der Sichtradschaufeln mit diesen in etwa bündig oder bündig ab.A preferred variant of the internals is approximately flush or flush with the separator blades on the inside.

Die Größe und Ausformung der Einbauten kann je nach Anwendungsfall variieren. Es ist auch eine Kombination von zwei oder mehr verschieden ausgeformten Einbauten möglich.The size and shape of the internals can vary depending on the application. A combination of two or more differently shaped internals is also possible.

Die Sichtradschaufeln und die Einbauten können aus einem Teil oder aus mehreren Teilen gefertigt sein.The separator blades and the internals can be made from one part or from several parts.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist das Sichtrad in den Strömungskanälen zusätzlich Einbauten innerhalb des radial äußeren Drittels, bezogen auf den Sichtradradius, auf. Dadurch kann sowohl der radial außenliegende Sichtwirbel vorteilhaft für eine feine Sichtung beeinflusst werden als auch die Strömung in den Strömungskanälen stabilisiert werden. So sind beide Wirbel, beidseitig von Einbauten begrenzt.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the classifying wheel in the flow channels additionally has internals within the radially outer third, based on the classifying wheel radius. As a result, both the radially external viewing vortex can be advantageously influenced for fine viewing and the flow in the flow channels can be stabilized. Both vertebrae are bordered on both sides by internals.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Einbauten als Bleche mit Bohrungen oder Durchbrechungen ausgeführt und ragen über die gesamte Höhe und Breite der Strömungskanäle. Sie sind in den Strömungskanälen angeordnet. Die Bleche folgen in ihrer Kontur bevorzugt der Kreisbahn um die Drehachse des Sichtrades, auf der sie angeordnet sind. Die Bleche haben einen konstanten Abstand zu Sichtradachse. Der Abstand ist kleiner als zwei Drittel des Sichtradradius Auch diese Art der Einbauten begrenzen dem Wirbel nach innen.In a further embodiment of the invention, the internals are designed as sheets with holes or openings and protrude over the entire height and width of the flow channels. They are arranged in the flow channels. The contour of the sheets preferably follows the circular path around the axis of rotation Classification wheel on which they are arranged. The sheets are at a constant distance from the sifting wheel axis. The distance is less than two thirds of the viewing wheel radius. This type of installation also limits the vortex inwards.

Die Haltescheiben, zwischen denen die Sichtradschaufeln angeordnet sind, können als Nabenscheibe oder Deckscheibe ausgebildet sein. Die Deckscheibe ist bei einem einflutigen Sichtrad mit einem Feingutaustritt versehen. Sie ist bevorzugt ringförmig ausgestaltet.The holding disks, between which the classifying wheel blades are arranged, can be designed as a hub disk or cover disk. In the case of a single-flow classifying wheel, the cover plate is provided with a fines outlet. It is preferably designed in a ring shape.

Des Weiteren kann das erfindungsgemäße Sichtrad sowohl einflutig als auch 2-flutig ausgeführt sein.Furthermore, the classifying wheel according to the invention can be designed with either a single or double flow.

Ein zweiflutiges Sichtrad lässt sich aus zwei einflutigen Sichträdern zusammensetzen. Dabei werden die Sichträder an ihren Deckscheiben zusammengebaut, sodass sie eine gemeinsame Drehachse aufweisen. Das zweiflutige Sichtrad weist nun zwei Nabenscheiben auf und ist beidseitig im Gehäuse des Zentrifugalkraft-Windsichters gelagert. Die beiden Nabenscheiben weisen Durchbrechungen auf, die die Feingutaustritte darstellen. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines zweiflutigen Sichtrads entfallen die Deckscheiben in der Mitte des Sichtrades, sodass es einen durchgehenden Innenbereich aufweist.A double-flow sifting wheel can be composed of two single-flow sifting wheels. The sight wheels are assembled on their cover plates so that they have a common axis of rotation. The double-flow classifying wheel now has two hub disks and is mounted on both sides in the housing of the centrifugal force air classifier. The two hub disks have openings that represent the fine material outlets. In a further embodiment of a double-flow sifting wheel, the cover disks in the middle of the sifting wheel are omitted, so that it has a continuous interior area.

Die Einbauten a im radial äußersten Bereichs der Sichtradschaufeln führen dazu, dass der Impuls des einströmenden Fluids effizienter in eine Geschwindigkeitsüberhöhung im Sichtwirbel umgesetzt wird, als bei dem in der Patentschrift EP 0 983 802 A2 offenbarte Sichtrad.The internals a in the radially outermost area of the classifying wheel blades mean that the momentum of the inflowing fluid is converted into a speed increase in the classifying vortex more efficiently than in the case of the patent EP 0 983 802 A2 revealed sight wheel.

Die Varianten, die durch Knicke und Kanten unstetige Verläufe der besonders ausgeformten Sichtradschaufeln aufweisen, sind aufgrund von Verlusten beim Impulsaustausch nicht so effizient wie Varianten mit stetigen Konturen. Da die Varianten mit geknickten Sichtschaufelenden den Impuls des anströmenden Fluids nicht so effizient umsetzen, sind dort die Geschwindigkeitsüberhöhungen im Vergleich zu stetigen Konturen niedriger.The variants that have discontinuous courses of the specially shaped separator blades due to kinks and edges are not as efficient as variants with continuous contours due to losses in the exchange of momentum. Since the variants with bent viewing blade ends do not convert the momentum of the inflowing fluid as efficiently, the speed increases are lower compared to continuous contours.

Durch ein Sichtrad mit den erfindungsgemäßen Einbauten in den Strömungskanälen zur Auslassseite hin, konnte die Strömung im Sichtrad stabilisiert werden und der Feinheitsbereich von Sichtern zu kleineren Feinheiten hin verbessert werden.By means of a sifting wheel with the internals according to the invention in the flow channels towards the outlet side, the flow in the sifting wheel could be stabilized and the fineness range of sifters could be improved towards smaller finenesses.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile des Gegenstandes der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen sowie aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der zugehörigen Zeichnungen, in der -beispielhaft- ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt ist. In der Zeichnung zeigt:

  • Figur 1: Ansicht im Meridianschnitt des erfindungsgemäßen Sichtrades
  • Figur 2: Ausschnitt im Achsnormalschnitt des erfindungsgemäßen Sichtrades mit Strömungskanälen mit inneren Einbauten
  • Figur 3: Ausschnitt im Achsnormalschnitt des erfindungsgemäßen Sichtrades mit Strömungskanälen mit inneren Einbauten die mit den Sichtradschaufelenden abschließen.
  • Figur 4: Ausschnitt im Achsnormalschnitt des erfindungsgemäßen Sichtrades mit Strömungskanälen mit inneren Einbauten die zusammen mit den Sichtradschaufeln eine Spitze bilden.
Further details, features and advantages of the subject matter of the invention result from the subclaims and from the following description of the associated drawings, in which - by way of example - a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown. In the drawing shows:
  • Figure 1 : View in meridian section of the classifying wheel according to the invention
  • Figure 2 : Detail in the axial normal section of the separating wheel according to the invention with flow channels with internal fittings
  • Figure 3 : Detail in the axial normal section of the separating wheel according to the invention with flow channels with internal fittings that end with the separating wheel blade ends.
  • Figure 4 : Detail in the axial normal section of the separating wheel according to the invention with flow channels with internal internals which, together with the separating wheel blades, form a tip.

Die Figur 1 zeigt ein Sichtrad (10) für einen Zentrifugalkraft-Windsichter. Es umfasst eine die Sichtradnabe (1) tragende Nabenscheibe (2) und eine ringförmige Deckscheibe (4). Zwischen diesen Scheiben sind die kranzförmig angeordneten Sichtradschaufeln (3) angeordnet. Sie sind gleichmäßig über den Umfang des Sichtrades (10) verteilt. Die Sichtradschaufeln (3) sind im Wesentlichen radial ausgerichtet und begrenzen die Strömungskanäle. Das Sichtrad (10) wird von außen nach innen von dem mit Partikeln beladenen Sichtfluid, z.B. Sichtluft durchströmt. Das erfindungsgemäße Sichtrad (10) weist Strömungskanäle auf, die im äußeren Drittel, bezogen auf den Sichtradradius, Einbauten (5) aufweisen und zusätzlich zu diesen Einbauten weitere Einbauten (7) in den inneren zwei Dritteln der Strömungskanäle, bezogen auf den Sichtradradius. Diese verengen den Strömungskanal (6) auslassseitig und stabilisieren dadurch die Strömung im Sichtrad (10).The Figure 1 shows a classifying wheel (10) for a centrifugal force air classifier. It comprises a hub disk (2) carrying the classifying wheel hub (1) and an annular cover disk (4). The ring-shaped separating wheel blades (3) are arranged between these disks. They are evenly distributed over the circumference of the sifting wheel (10). The classifying wheel blades (3) are essentially aligned radially and delimit the flow channels. The separating wheel (10) is flowed through from the outside to the inside by the separating fluid loaded with particles, for example separating air. The sifting wheel (10) according to the invention has flow channels which have internals (5) in the outer third, based on the sifting wheel radius, and in addition to these internals, further internals (7) in the inner two thirds of the flow channels, based on the sifting wheel radius. These narrow the flow channel (6) on the outlet side and thereby stabilize the flow in the classifying wheel (10).

In den Figur 2 und 3 sind Ausschnitte von Querschnitten von Sichträdern (10) gezeigt die zusätzlich zu den äußeren bekannten Einbauten (5) im äußeren Bereich der Strömungskanäle (6) auch Einbauten (7) in den inneren zwei Drittel, bezogen auf den Sichtradradius, der Strömungskanäle (6) aufweisen.In the Figure 2 and 3 Sections of cross sections of sifting wheels (10) are shown which, in addition to the outer known internals (5) in the outer region of the flow channels (6), also have internals (7) in the inner two thirds, based on the sifting wheel radius, of the flow channels (6). .

Die Sichtradschaufeln (3) verlaufen im radial äußeren Drittel, des Sichtradradius, nicht exakt in radialer Richtung, sondern sind in einem Winkel zur radialen Richtung entgegen der Rotationsrichtung geneigt angeordnet. In den inneren zwei Dritteln sind sie radial ausgerichtet.The separating wheel blades (3) do not run exactly in the radial direction in the radially outer third, the separating wheel radius, but are arranged inclined at an angle to the radial direction opposite to the direction of rotation. In the inner two thirds they are aligned radially.

Durch diese Kombination von innenliegenden Einbauten (7) und außenliegenden Einbauten (5), bilden sich zwei Wirbel entgegengesetzter Drehrichtung aus.This combination of internal components (7) and external components (5) creates two vortices with opposite directions of rotation.

Der innere Wirbel wird beidseitig durch die Einbauten (5, 7) begrenzt. Es kommt nicht mehr zu einem Ausströmen des Fluids mit Partikeln aus der Sichtradmitte nach Außen in den Sichtraum um das Sichtrad, wodurch eine Stabilisierung der Sichtraddurchströmung erreicht wird. Der Verlauf des ungestörten Feingutstroms von außen nach innen ist durch den dicken Pfeil in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellt.The inner vortex is limited on both sides by the internals (5, 7). The fluid with particles no longer flows out of the center of the sifting wheel to the outside into the sifting space around the sifting wheel, thereby stabilizing the flow through the sifting wheel. The course of the undisturbed flow of fine material from the outside to the inside is indicated by the thick arrow in the Figures 2 and 3 shown.

Die Einbauten (7) befinden sich vorzugsweise auf einer gemeinsamen radialen Kreisbahn, die in einem Bereich, der innerhalb der inneren zwei Drittel des Sichtradradius liegt.The internals (7) are preferably located on a common radial circular path, which is in an area that lies within the inner two thirds of the viewing wheel radius.

In Figur 2 sind die Einbauten (7) rechteckig ausgeführt. Sie sind innerhalb der Strömungskanäle (6) an beiden den Kanal begrenzenden Sichtradschaufeln (3) angebracht.In Figure 2 the internals (7) are rectangular. They are attached within the flow channels (6) to both separating wheel blades (3) delimiting the channel.

Sie erstrecken sich über die gesamte axiale Höhe des Sichtrads (10).They extend over the entire axial height of the classifying wheel (10).

Figur 3 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform der Einbauten (7). Sie sind so gestaltet, dass sie den Strömungskanal (6) von einer radial weiter außen liegenden Position zu einer weiter radial innenliegenden Position stetig verengen. Dies soll bedeuten, dass die Verengung ohne eine oder mehrere kantige Abstufungen erfolgt. Diese Einbauten (7) befinden sich nur auf einer Seite des Strömungskanals (6). Die Einbauten (7) schließen auf der Innenseite der Sichtradschaufeln (3) mit diesen fast bündig ab. Sie können auch bündig abschließen. Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the internals (7). They are designed in such a way that they continuously narrow the flow channel (6) from a position located further radially outward to a position located further radially inward. This should mean that the narrowing occurs without one or more angular gradations. These internals (7) are only located on one side of the flow channel (6). The internals (7) are almost flush with the inside of the classifying wheel blades (3). You can also finish flush.

In Figur 4 sind die die inneren Einbauten (7) so ausgeführt, dass die Einbauten (7) zusammen mit den Sichtradschaufeln (3) nach radial innen in einer Spitze zusammenlaufen, dies verhindert Materialablagerungen an den inneren Sichtradschaufelkanten.In Figure 4 The internal internals (7) are designed in such a way that the internals (7) together with the classifying wheel blades (3) converge radially inwards in a point, this prevents material deposits on the inner classifying wheel blade edges.

BezugszeichenReference symbols

  • Sichtradnabe (1)sight wheel hub (1)
  • Nabenscheibe (2)Hub disk (2)
  • Sichtradschaufeln (3)Classifying wheel blades (3)
  • Deckscheibe (4)Cover plate (4)
  • Einbauten (5, 7)Internals (5, 7)
  • Strömungskanäle (6)Flow channels (6)
  • Sichtrad (10)Classifying wheel (10)

Claims (11)

  1. Classifying wheel (10) for a centrifugal-force air classifier,
    - which can be driven by means of a rotary drive,
    - through which the flow pattern of the classifying fluid can be contrary to its centrifugal direction from the outside in,
    - the classifying wheel vanes (3) of which are arranged in a ring fitted in between retaining discs,
    - whereby flow channels (6) develop between the classifying wheel vanes (3) as a result of the surfaces of the classifying wheel vanes (3) being arranged at a distance to each other and running in the direction of the rotational axis and
    - that baffles installed in the flow channels influence the flow pattern in the outermost third of the flow channels with regard to the classifying wheel radius
    characterised in that
    the flow channels (6) have additional baffles (7) fitted in the direction of the rotational axis of the classifying wheel which are arranged in the radial inner two-thirds of the flow channel (6) related to the classifying wheel radius.
  2. Classifying wheel (10) in accordance with Claim 1, characterised in that the baffles (7) have a polygonal or round cross-section or a combination of both.
  3. Classifying wheel (10) in accordance with Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the baffles (7) are located on one or both sides of the delimiting classifying wheel vanes (3) of the flow channel (6).
  4. Classifying wheel (10) in accordance with one of the foregoing claims,
    characterised in that the baffles (7) are located on one or more circular paths around the rotational axis of the classifying wheel (10).
  5. Classifying wheel (10) in accordance with one of the foregoing claims,
    characterised in that the radial clearance between the baffles (7) and the rotational axis of the classifying wheel is not constant across the height of the classifying wheel.
  6. Classifying wheel (10) in accordance with one of the foregoing claims,
    characterised in that the baffles (7) extend over the full axial height of the classifying wheel (10).
  7. Classifying wheel (10) in accordance with Claim 1, characterised in that the baffles (7) are made of sheet metal with perforations and are arranged in the flow channels (6), whereby they cover the cross-section of the flow channel (6) and in their contours follow the circular path around the rotational axis of the classifying wheel (10) upon which they are located.
  8. Classifying wheel (10) in accordance with one of the foregoing claims,
    characterised in that
    - the flow channels (6) between the classifying wheel vanes (3) have an extension which is delimited by at least one of two narrow points,
    - so that the narrow points delimit the classifying eddy which develops from the inflowing classifying fluid on both sides and
    - that the internal baffles and the inside narrow point of both narrow points delimit the eddy forming in between on both sides.
  9. Classifying wheel (10) in accordance with one of the foregoing claims,
    characterised in that the retaining discs are in the form of at least one hub disc (2) which supports the classifying wheel hub (1), one cover disc (4) with fines discharge and/or opposing hub discs with fines discharges.
  10. Process to separate the classifying material dispersed in a classifying fluid into a fine fraction and a coarse fraction with a classifying wheel (10) driven by a rotary drive for a centrifugal-force air classifier,
    - through which the flow pattern of the classifying fluid is contrary to its centrifugal direction from the outside in,
    - the classifying wheel vanes (3) of which are arranged in a ring,
    - which are located in between retaining discs,
    - whereby flow channels (6) develop between the classifying wheel vanes (3) as a result of the surfaces of the classifying wheel vanes (3) being arranged at a distance to each other and running in the direction of the rotational axis,
    - whereby baffles influencing the flow pattern are installed in the outermost third of the flow channels (6) with regard to the classifying wheel radius
    characterised in that
    as a result of baffles (5, 7) fitted to the classifying wheel vanes (3) in the area within the outside third and within the radial inside two-thirds of the flow channel (6) related to the classifying wheel radius, it is ensured that the eddies which develop in the classifying fluid flowing into the flow channels (3) upstream of the radial outside baffles (5) and between these and the other inside baffles (7) exhibit different rotational directions.
  11. Process in accordance with Claim 10, characterised in that the eddy which develops between the radial inside and the radial outside baffles (5, 7) is delimited by the baffles (5, 7).
EP22000047.5A 2021-03-09 2022-03-03 Device and method for separating dusty materials Active EP4059624B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021001239.9A DE102021001239B4 (en) 2021-03-09 2021-03-09 Device and method for screening dusty goods

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4059624A1 EP4059624A1 (en) 2022-09-21
EP4059624B1 true EP4059624B1 (en) 2023-10-04

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ID=80684099

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22000047.5A Active EP4059624B1 (en) 2021-03-09 2022-03-03 Device and method for separating dusty materials

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EP (1) EP4059624B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102021001239B4 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0226682A (en) * 1988-07-18 1990-01-29 Babcock Hitachi Kk Grinding and classifying apparatus
DE3900779A1 (en) * 1989-01-12 1990-07-19 Krupp Polysius Ag SAFE
DE19840344C2 (en) 1998-09-04 2002-04-04 Hosokawa Alpine Ag & Co Classifying wheel for a centrifugal air classifier

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DE102021001239A1 (en) 2022-09-15
DE102021001239B4 (en) 2024-03-21

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