EP4058507A1 - Friction film - Google Patents
Friction filmInfo
- Publication number
- EP4058507A1 EP4058507A1 EP20806944.3A EP20806944A EP4058507A1 EP 4058507 A1 EP4058507 A1 EP 4058507A1 EP 20806944 A EP20806944 A EP 20806944A EP 4058507 A1 EP4058507 A1 EP 4058507A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- friction
- particles
- carrier material
- film
- increasing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010041662 Splinter Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
- C09J7/22—Plastics; Metallised plastics
- C09J7/26—Porous or cellular plastics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/10—Adhesives in the form of films or foils without carriers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
- C09J7/21—Paper; Textile fabrics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B11/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding
- F16B11/006—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding by gluing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B2/00—Friction-grip releasable fastenings
- F16B2/005—Means to increase the friction-coefficient
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/10—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet
- C09J2301/12—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet by the arrangement of layers
- C09J2301/124—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet by the arrangement of layers the adhesive layer being present on both sides of the carrier, e.g. double-sided adhesive tape
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/20—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive itself
- C09J2301/208—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive itself the adhesive layer being constituted by at least two or more adjacent or superposed adhesive layers, e.g. multilayer adhesive
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/30—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier
- C09J2301/304—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier the adhesive being heat-activatable, i.e. not tacky at temperatures inferior to 30°C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/40—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components
- C09J2301/408—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components additives as essential feature of the adhesive layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/40—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components
- C09J2301/41—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components additives as essential feature of the carrier layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2400/00—Presence of inorganic and organic materials
- C09J2400/20—Presence of organic materials
- C09J2400/24—Presence of a foam
- C09J2400/243—Presence of a foam in the substrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2423/00—Presence of polyolefin
- C09J2423/006—Presence of polyolefin in the substrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2423/00—Presence of polyolefin
- C09J2423/10—Presence of homo or copolymers of propene
- C09J2423/106—Presence of homo or copolymers of propene in the substrate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a friction film for increasing the friction of a workpiece according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the friction film for increasing the friction of a workpiece has a carrier material which is deformable. On the carrier material, friction-increasing particles are applied on at least one side. In order to allow the particles to adhere to the carrier material in a simple manner, the friction-increasing particles can be applied to the carrier material, for example, by means of an adhesive. The adhesive can can also be used to attach the friction film to the workpiece and attach it to it.
- a friction-increasing layer can be applied between work pieces through the friction film on site. An additional drying step is not necessary. Furthermore, the friction film can be adapted on site to the size and shape of any workpiece, for example by manual cutting.
- the friction-increasing particles which are preferably sharp-edged and polygonal, interlock with the corresponding surfaces of the workpieces and thereby increase their friction. Due to this interlocking, however, there is no permanent adhesion of the friction-increasing particles to the workpieces, so that when the workpieces are dismantled, the particles can be removed again or even simply fall off.
- the workpieces can be, for example, flange connections or supports, for example a main bearing for a wind turbine.
- the workpieces can be made of any material such as metal, e.g. steel, or plastic.
- the carrier material can be a polymer film, for example a polyethylene film.
- the friction-increasing particles can be attached to this without using a binding agent such as polyurethane, for example by extrusion or by gluing. Compared to the use of a binding agent that cannot be deformed after drying without crumbling due to its brittleness, the friction film can therefore be easily adapted to any shape of work piece.
- the carrier material can have a porous structure.
- the carrier material can have a certain porosity and embedded or continuous pores, which have the effect that the surface of the carrier material is very rough, as a result of which the friction-increasing particles can hold better on the surface of the carrier material.
- the friction-increasing particles can partially intervene in the pores, whereby the effective contact area with the carrier material is increased compared to a carrier film without porosity.
- the carrier material can be in the form of a foamed film, preferably a polymer film.
- the carrier material here has a sponge-like structure with through pores open on one side, open on both sides and / or closed pores in the interior of the film.
- the carrier material or the carrier film can furthermore be designed in the form of a fiber structure of interconnected or interwoven fibers, for example in the form of a fiber fabric or fleece.
- the porosity of the carrier material can be well over 50%, for example in a range from 50% to 95%.
- porous carrier film or a porous carrier material is the increased compressibility compared to a carrier film without porosity.
- the compressible pores increase the compressibility and / or the flowability in such a way that when joining, for example screwing or pressing, two work pieces, the carrier material is shifted and compressed into the surface unevenness and surface structures of the two workpieces in such a way that the two workpieces are not spaced apart by the thickness of the carrier material in the uncompressed state, but much less than the thickness of the carrier material used for the film.
- the application of the carrier material can be about 0% to 30% of the thickness of the carrier material used.
- the carrier material can be a pure adhesive that can be liquefied.
- the adhesive can in particular be a polymer adhesive.
- the adhesive serves as a carrier material in the form of a film, which is warmed up during operation after the friction film has been applied to the workpiece and then liquefies.
- the particles that are present on the carrier material are then present as friction-increasing particles between the workpiece and a wider workpiece.
- the friction-increasing particles for application to a workpiece are not connected to one another by a film, but by the adhesive itself.
- the particles can either be embedded in the adhesive during manufacture, or can be subsequently scattered on one or both sides, whereby they are either glued in place or mechanically pressed in or rolled in.
- the particles can also be introduced thermally.
- the friction-increasing particles can be heated and subsequently applied to the carrier material, for example sprinkled on or inflated. Due to their thermal energy, the particles melt into or on the carrier film.
- the porous surface structure of the film also contributes to improved melting behavior.
- the carrier material i.e. the polymer film
- the carrier material can be coated with adhesive on both sides, with the friction-increasing particles being applied to one side.
- the friction-increasing particles can be in powder form or as bulk material and sprinkled on the adhesive-coated film. Due to the adhesive properties of the film, the friction-increasing particles stick to the adhesive surface as a single layer. The friction-increasing particles cancel the adhesive properties of the film and excess particles can simply fall off. This automatically creates a coating with a uniform, single-layer thickness. Since the other side of the carrier material is still adhesive, the film coated with friction-increasing particles can be glued onto a workpiece.
- porous carrier material In the case of a porous carrier material, this can be impregnated with adhesive.
- the porous carrier material can be exposed to adhesive on one or both sides, with at least part of the adhesive penetrating the pores through the porous structure.
- an adhesive surface can be formed without reducing the thickness of the carrier film by a To increase the adhesive layer in addition.
- Self-adhesive materials can also be used for the carrier film.
- both sides of the adhesive film can be sprinkled with the friction-increasing particles.
- the friction film is placed between two workpieces and is held between them by the assembly of the two workpieces.
- the foil can alternatively consist of metal, for example aluminum, copper or stainless steel.
- metal for example aluminum, copper or stainless steel.
- Such a film can be glued on one side with a wafer-thin layer of friction-increasing particles and the particles, which are significantly larger than the film thickness, could initially press through the film under pressure and then interlock on both sides.
- the metal foil can be coated on both sides with friction-increasing particles.
- the carrier material has a thickness of 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, in particular 25 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the carrier material is in particular made thinner than the friction-increasing particles, which, for example, can have a linear expansion of 100 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m.
- the carrier material is porous and has a thickness of 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, in particular 15 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m. Due to the high compressibility of the porous Trä germaterials, the carrier material in the installed state is also significantly thinner than the friction-increasing particles if they are only about the same size as or even smaller than the original thickness of the carrier material. In the case of a porous carrier material with a thickness of 15 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, the particles can have a linear expansion of 10 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m
- the friction film is placed between two workpieces, the friction film is pressed between the workpieces and the friction-increasing particles are pressed through the film. Since the carrier material is thinner than the friction-increasing particles, the particles can push their way through the carrier material in such a way that the friction-increasing particles come into contact with both workpieces. Therefore A one-sided coating of the carrier material with the friction-increasing particles is also sufficient.
- the carrier material only serves the purpose of fixing the friction-increasing particles and bringing them in a meaningful distribution and position between the two surfaces to be mounted. As soon as the assembly has been carried out, the carrier material has no further function, unless a gap seal against corrosive influences is desired.
- the temperature resistance of the carrier material is far lower than that of the friction-increasing particles.
- the particles are constantly at high temperatures.
- the limit of the thermal load capacity of the mechanical connection is thus at the level of the load capacity of the mostly metallic workpieces that are connected to each other, and is not limited by the friction-increasing film. Thermal damage or decomposition of the carrier material does not lead to a loss of function or friction in the connection that has already been installed.
- Titanium diboride particles and / or diamond particles can preferably be used as friction-increasing particles. Other materials suitable for increasing friction can also be used. The particles used should have a slight tendency to splinter in order not to break down into smaller pieces under load. Titanium diboride or diamond are particularly suitable. Very hard abrasive grains such as boron nitride CBN or, with restrictions, silicon carbide are suitable. Depending on the hardness of the workpieces to be joined, classic abrasive grains such as round or aluminum oxide are also suitable.
- spacer particles can be applied to the carrier material in addition to the friction-increasing particles. These spacer particles can have a double function, namely increasing the friction and ensuring the distance between the workpieces.
- the spacer particles can be zinc particles, for example. These can deform a little under pressure without penetrating the surface of the carrier material. As soon as the flattened surfaces of the zinc particles have reached a total area through which the load in N / mm2 no longer allows flow, they serve as stable spacers.
- a fine grain fraction of the friction-increasing particles can be used as spacer particles.
- the grain distribution of the friction-increasing particles for example titanium diboride or another hard material, is used, which can contain both large grains and fine grains. A defined amount of large grains is initially pressed into the surfaces of the workpieces under load. However, as soon as a large amount of fine grain comes into contact with the system, the pressure per unit area drops, so the fine grain cannot be pressed into the surface and acts as a spacer.
- FIG. 2 the friction film from FIG. 1, which is arranged between two workpieces.
- Fig. 1 shows a friction film 1 for increasing the friction of a workpiece.
- the friction film 1 has a carrier material 2.
- the carrier material 2 can, for example, be a film that is coated with an adhesive.
- the carrier material can be an adhesive that is used only as a carrier for assembly and liquefies during operation.
- the following description refers to the design as a film, however, can be applied analogously to the design as a pure adhesive.
- the film can be, for example, a polymer film to which an adhesive is applied on both sides.
- the carrier material 2 is coated with friction-increasing particles 4 only on one side.
- the carrier material 2 can also be coated with friction-increasing particles 4 on both sides. If the carrier material 2 is coated on only one side, the other side can be made adhesive.
- the friction film 1 can be attached to a workpiece in a simple manner, since it can be glued onto the workpiece through the adhesive side.
- the friction film 1 can easily be adapted to the shape of the workpiece, for example by being cut manually on site without additional (punching) tools.
- the friction film 1 is deformable (without the particles 4 crumbling off) and can therefore also be adapted to curves or the like of the workpiece.
- the friction-increasing particles 4 serve to increase the friction of the workpiece and can, for example, be titanium diboride particles or diamond particles.
- further particles 6, such as, for example, spacer particles can be applied to the carrier material 2.
- the spacer particles 6 can ensure that the friction-increasing particles 4 can only be pressed into a workpiece up to a predefined degree, as will be described in connection with FIG. 2.
- the friction-increasing particles 4 and the spacing particles 6 adhere to the carrier material 2 due to the adhesive properties of the carrier material 2 . In this way, a uniform, single-layer layer with friction-increasing particles 4 and spacing particles 6 is created.
- the friction-increasing particles 4 are pressed into the surfaces of the workpieces 8. On the one hand, the friction-increasing particles 4 push themselves through the film. on the other hand, the friction-increasing particles 4 interlock with the surfaces of the workpieces 8.
- the friction-increasing Par items 4 are removed, since they do not adhere to the workpieces 8, but only a toothing takes place to increase the friction.
- the friction-increasing particles 4 press only as far into the surfaces of the workpieces 8 as the Abstandshal tepumble 6 allow.
- the spacer particles 6, for example zinc particles, can deform somewhat under pressure without penetrating the surface of the carrier material as 2. As soon as the flattened surfaces of the spacer particles 6 have reached a total area through which the load in N / mm2 no longer permits flow, they serve as stable spacers.
- the friction film described here thus makes it possible in a simple manner to increase the friction between two workpieces. Since the friction-increasing particles are in the form of a film, they can easily be applied to a workpiece and adapted to the shape and size of the workpiece on site.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is a friction film (1) for increasing the friction of a workpiece (8), the friction film (1) comprising a deformable substrate material (2) to at least one side of which friction-increasing particles (4) are applied, in particular by means of an adhesive.
Description
B e s c h r e i b u n g Description
Reibungsfolie Friction foil
Vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Reibungsfolie zum Erhöhen der Reibung eines Werk stücks gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1. The present invention relates to a friction film for increasing the friction of a workpiece according to the preamble of claim 1.
In verschiedenen Anordnungen, wie beispielsweise in Hauptlagern für Windkraftanlagen, kann es erforderlich sein, zwischen zwei Bauteilen die Reibung zu erhöhen. Durch das Er höhen der Reibung kann die Haftung zwischen den Bauteilen verbessert werden. Es ist be kannt, zum Erhöhen der Reibung einen Lack aufzutragen, der reibungserhöhende Partikel enthält. Allerdings führt die Verwendung von einem solchen Reiblack zu einer längeren Herstellungszeit, da der Lack zunächst trocknen muss, bevor die Bauteile zusammengebaut werden können. Des Weiteren kann nicht jede Fläche lackiert werden, weshalb die An wendung von Reiblack nicht in jedem Fall möglich ist. In various arrangements, such as in main bearings for wind turbines, it may be necessary to increase the friction between two components. By increasing the friction, the adhesion between the components can be improved. It is known to apply a paint containing friction-increasing particles to increase friction. However, the use of such a friction lacquer leads to a longer production time, since the lacquer first has to dry before the components can be assembled. Furthermore, not every surface can be painted, which is why the use of friction paint is not always possible.
Es ist deshalb Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung, eine Möglichkeit zu schaffen, mit der die Reibung zwischen zwei Bauteilen auf einfache Weise erhöht werden kann. It is therefore the object of the present invention to create a possibility with which the friction between two components can be increased in a simple manner.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Reibungsfolie gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. This object is achieved by a friction film according to patent claim 1.
Die Reibungsfolie zum Erhöhen der Reibung eines Werkstücks weist ein Trägermaterial auf, welches verformbar ist. Auf dem Trägermaterial sind auf zumindest einer Seite rei bungserhöhende Partikel aufgebracht. Um ein Haften der Partikel auf dem Trägermaterial auf einfache Weise zu ermöglichen, können die reibungserhöhenden Partikel beispielswei se mittels Klebstoffs auf das Trägermaterial aufgebracht werden. Der Klebstoff kann zu-
sätzlich dazu verwendet werden, die Reibungsfolie auf dem Werkstück anzubringen und an diesem zu befestigen. The friction film for increasing the friction of a workpiece has a carrier material which is deformable. On the carrier material, friction-increasing particles are applied on at least one side. In order to allow the particles to adhere to the carrier material in a simple manner, the friction-increasing particles can be applied to the carrier material, for example, by means of an adhesive. The adhesive can can also be used to attach the friction film to the workpiece and attach it to it.
Durch die verformbare Folienform kann eine reibungserhöhende Schicht zwischen Werk stücken durch die Reibungsfolie vor Ort angebracht werden. Ein zusätzlicher Trocknungs schritt ist nicht erforderlich. Des Weiteren kann die Reibungsfolie vor Ort an die Größe und Form eines beliebigen Werkstücks beispielsweise durch manuelles Zuschneiden ange passt werden. Due to the deformable film shape, a friction-increasing layer can be applied between work pieces through the friction film on site. An additional drying step is not necessary. Furthermore, the friction film can be adapted on site to the size and shape of any workpiece, for example by manual cutting.
Wird die Reibungsfolie zwischen zwei Werkstücke gelegt, und werden die beiden Werk stücke beispielsweise miteinander verschraubt oder anderweitig aneinander befestigt, wird die Reibungsfolie zwischen den Werkstücken gepresst. Die reibungserhöhenden Partikel, die bevorzugt scharfkantig und vieleckig sind, verzahnen sich dabei mit den entsprechen den Oberflächen der Werkstücke und erhöhen dadurch deren Reibung. Durch diese Ver zahnung kommt es jedoch zu keiner dauerhaften Haftung der reibungserhöhenden Partikel an den Werkstücken, so dass bei einer Demontage der Werkstücke die Partikel wieder ent fernt werden können oder sogar einfach abfallen. If the friction film is placed between two workpieces and if the two work pieces are screwed together or otherwise fastened to one another, the friction film is pressed between the workpieces. The friction-increasing particles, which are preferably sharp-edged and polygonal, interlock with the corresponding surfaces of the workpieces and thereby increase their friction. Due to this interlocking, however, there is no permanent adhesion of the friction-increasing particles to the workpieces, so that when the workpieces are dismantled, the particles can be removed again or even simply fall off.
Bei den Werkstücken kann es sich beispielsweise um Flanschverbindungen oder Träger, beispielsweise eines Hauptlagers für eine Windkraftanlage, handeln. Die Werkstücke kön nen aus beliebigen Materialien wie beispielsweise Metall, z.B. Stahl, oder Kunststoff be stehen. The workpieces can be, for example, flange connections or supports, for example a main bearing for a wind turbine. The workpieces can be made of any material such as metal, e.g. steel, or plastic.
Das Trägermaterial kann gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform eine Polymerfolie, beispielsweise eine Polyethylenfolie, sein. Auf dieser können die reibungserhöhenden Par tikel ohne Verwendung eines Bindemittels, wie beispielsweise Polyurethan, angebracht werden, beispielsweise durch Hineinextrudieren oder durch Aufkleben. Im Vergleich zur Verwendung eines Bindemittels, das nach dem Trocken nicht verformbar ist, ohne auf grund seiner Sprödigkeit zu bröckeln, kann die Reibungsfolie daher einfach an beliebige Formen von Werkstücken angepasst werden. According to a preferred embodiment, the carrier material can be a polymer film, for example a polyethylene film. The friction-increasing particles can be attached to this without using a binding agent such as polyurethane, for example by extrusion or by gluing. Compared to the use of a binding agent that cannot be deformed after drying without crumbling due to its brittleness, the friction film can therefore be easily adapted to any shape of work piece.
Das Trägermaterial kann eine poröse Struktur aufweisen. Das Trägermaterial kann hierbei eine gewisse Porosität aufweisen und eingebettete oder durchgehende Poren aufweisen, welche bewirken, dass die Oberfläche des Trägermaterials sehr rauh ist, wodurch sich die
reibungserhöhenden Partikel besser auf der Oberfläche des Trägermaterials halten können. Die reibungserhöhenden Partikel können hierbei teilweise in die Poren eingreifen wodurch die wirksame Kontaktfläche mit dem Trägermaterial erhöht ist gegenüber einer Trägerfolie ohne Porosität. The carrier material can have a porous structure. The carrier material can have a certain porosity and embedded or continuous pores, which have the effect that the surface of the carrier material is very rough, as a result of which the friction-increasing particles can hold better on the surface of the carrier material. The friction-increasing particles can partially intervene in the pores, whereby the effective contact area with the carrier material is increased compared to a carrier film without porosity.
Das Trägermaterial kann hierbei in Form einer geschäumten Folie, vorzugsweise Polymer folie ausgebildet sein. Das Trägermaterial weißt hierbei eine schwammartige Struktur mit einseitig offenen, beidseitig offenen durchgehenden Poren oder/und im Inneren der Folie abgeschlossene Poren auf. Das Trägermaterial, bzw. die Trägerfolie kann weiterhin in Form einer Faserstruktur von miteinander verbundenen, bzw. verflochtenen Fasern ausge bildet sein, beispielsweiße in Form eines Fasergewebes oder Vlies. Bevorzugt ist auch hier als Material der Folie ein Polymermaterial, vorzugsweise PP, PE, oder PES. Die Porosität des Trägermaterials kann weit über 50% liegen, beispielsweise in einem Bereich von 50% bis 95%. The carrier material can be in the form of a foamed film, preferably a polymer film. The carrier material here has a sponge-like structure with through pores open on one side, open on both sides and / or closed pores in the interior of the film. The carrier material or the carrier film can furthermore be designed in the form of a fiber structure of interconnected or interwoven fibers, for example in the form of a fiber fabric or fleece. A polymer material, preferably PP, PE, or PES, is also preferred here as the material of the film. The porosity of the carrier material can be well over 50%, for example in a range from 50% to 95%.
Ein weiterer Vorteil einer porösen Trägerfolie, bzw. eines porösen Trägermaterials stellt die erhöhte Kompressibilität gegenüber einer Trägerfolie ohne Porosität dar. Durch die kompressiblen Poren ist die Kompressibilität und/oder das Fließvermögen derart erhöht, dass beim Zusammenfügen, beispielsweise Verschrauben oder Verpressen zweier Werk stücke, das Trägermaterial derart in die Oberflächenunebenheiten und Oberflächenstruktu ren der beiden Werkstücke verschoben und komprimiert wird, dass die beiden Werkstücke nicht um die Dicke des Trägermaterials im unkomprimierten Zustand beabstandet sind, sondern wesentlich geringer als die Dicke des verwendeten Trägermaterials der Folie. In Abhängigkeit der Rauheit der zu verpressenden Oberflächen kann der Auftrag des Träger materials bei ca. 0% bis 30% der Dicke des verwendeten Trägermaterials liegen. Weiterhin hat sich herausgestellt, dass eine Beschichtung einer oder beider Oberflächen in einem Oberflächenbereich zwischen 10 % und 30 % mit reibungserhöhenden Partikeln für eine signifikante Erhöhung des Reibwertes ausreichend ist und zugleich durch die Reibungsfo lie kein Auftrag, bzw. Abstand zwischen den beiden Werkstücken ergibt, da bei einer Be stückung lediglich zwischen 10 % und 30% der Oberfläche die reibungserhöhenden Parti kel nicht als Abstandshaltepartikel fungieren sondern sich entsprechend der Oberflächen struktur Werkstücke sich gegebenenfalls vollständig in das Material der Werkstücke ein- drücken können, sofern im Bereich der Partikel die beiden Werkstücke direkt und ohne Abstand aneinanderliegen würden.
Das Trägermaterial kann ein reiner Klebstoff sein, der verflüssigbar ist. Der Klebstoff kann insbesondere ein Polymerklebstoff sein. Der Klebstoff dient als Trägermaterial in Folien form, der nach dem Aufbringen der Reibungsfolie auf dem Werkstück im Betrieb aufge wärmt wird und sich dann verflüssigt. Die Partikel, die auf dem Trägermaterial vorhanden sind, sind dann als reibungserhöhende Partikel zwischen dem Werkstück und einem weite ren Werkstück vorhanden. In diesem Fall sind die reibungserhöhenden Partikel für das Aufbringen auf einem Werkstück nicht durch eine Folie, sondern durch den Klebstoff selbst miteinander verbunden. Die Partikel können entweder schon bei der Herstellung in den Klebstoff eingelagert werden, oder nachträglich einseitig oder beidseitig aufgestreut werden, wobei sie entweder festgeklebt oder mechanisch eingedrückt oder eingewalzt werden. Die Partikel können auch thermisch eingebracht werden. So können die reibungs erhöhenden Partikel erhitzt werden und nachträglich auf das Trägermaterial aufgebracht, beispielsweise aufgestreut oder aufgeblasen werden. Durch ihre thermische Energie schmelzen die Partikel sich in oder an der Trägerfolie fest. Bei Verwendung einer porösen Trägerfolie trägt die poröse Oberflächenstruktur der Folie zusätzlich zu einem verbesserten Einschmelzverhalten bei. Another advantage of a porous carrier film or a porous carrier material is the increased compressibility compared to a carrier film without porosity. The compressible pores increase the compressibility and / or the flowability in such a way that when joining, for example screwing or pressing, two work pieces, the carrier material is shifted and compressed into the surface unevenness and surface structures of the two workpieces in such a way that the two workpieces are not spaced apart by the thickness of the carrier material in the uncompressed state, but much less than the thickness of the carrier material used for the film. Depending on the roughness of the surfaces to be pressed, the application of the carrier material can be about 0% to 30% of the thickness of the carrier material used. Furthermore, it has been found that coating one or both surfaces in a surface area between 10% and 30% with friction-increasing particles is sufficient for a significant increase in the coefficient of friction and at the same time, due to the friction film, there is no application or distance between the two workpieces. since when only between 10% and 30% of the surface is fitted, the friction-increasing particles do not act as spacer particles but, depending on the surface structure, workpieces can possibly be fully pressed into the material of the workpieces, provided that the two workpieces are in the area of the particles would lie directly against one another without any spacing. The carrier material can be a pure adhesive that can be liquefied. The adhesive can in particular be a polymer adhesive. The adhesive serves as a carrier material in the form of a film, which is warmed up during operation after the friction film has been applied to the workpiece and then liquefies. The particles that are present on the carrier material are then present as friction-increasing particles between the workpiece and a wider workpiece. In this case, the friction-increasing particles for application to a workpiece are not connected to one another by a film, but by the adhesive itself. The particles can either be embedded in the adhesive during manufacture, or can be subsequently scattered on one or both sides, whereby they are either glued in place or mechanically pressed in or rolled in. The particles can also be introduced thermally. In this way, the friction-increasing particles can be heated and subsequently applied to the carrier material, for example sprinkled on or inflated. Due to their thermal energy, the particles melt into or on the carrier film. When using a porous carrier film, the porous surface structure of the film also contributes to improved melting behavior.
Alternativ kann das Trägermaterial, d.h. die Polymerfolie, beidseitig mit Klebstoff be schichtet sein, wobei einseitig die reibungserhöhenden Partikeln aufgebracht ist. Die rei bungserhöhenden Partikel können in Pulverform oder als Schüttgut vorliegen und auf die mit Klebstoff beschichtete Folie gestreut werden. Durch die Klebeeigenschaften der Folie bleiben die reibungserhöhenden Partikel als einlagige Schicht auf der Klebefläche haften. Durch die reibungserhöhenden Partikel wird die Klebeeigenschaft der Folie aufgehoben und überschüssige Partikel können einfach abfallen. Es entsteht somit automatisch eine Beschichtung mit gleichmäßiger und einlagiger Dicke. Da die andere Seite des Trägerma terials nach wie vor haftend ist, kann die mit reibungserhöhenden Partikeln beschichtete Folie auf ein Werkstück aufgeklebt werden. Alternatively, the carrier material, i.e. the polymer film, can be coated with adhesive on both sides, with the friction-increasing particles being applied to one side. The friction-increasing particles can be in powder form or as bulk material and sprinkled on the adhesive-coated film. Due to the adhesive properties of the film, the friction-increasing particles stick to the adhesive surface as a single layer. The friction-increasing particles cancel the adhesive properties of the film and excess particles can simply fall off. This automatically creates a coating with a uniform, single-layer thickness. Since the other side of the carrier material is still adhesive, the film coated with friction-increasing particles can be glued onto a workpiece.
Bei einem porösem Trägermaterial kann dieses mit Klebstoff getränkt werden. Das poröse Trägermaterial kann einseitig oder beidseitig mit Klebstoff beaufschlagt werden, wobei durch die poröse Struktur zumindest ein Teil des Klebstoffs in die Poren eindringt. Somit kann eine klebende Oberfläche gebildet werden, ohne die Dicke der Trägerfolie durch eine
Klebeschicht zusätzlich zu erhöhen. Es können auch selbstklebende Materialen für die Trägerfolie verwendet werden. In the case of a porous carrier material, this can be impregnated with adhesive. The porous carrier material can be exposed to adhesive on one or both sides, with at least part of the adhesive penetrating the pores through the porous structure. Thus, an adhesive surface can be formed without reducing the thickness of the carrier film by a To increase the adhesive layer in addition. Self-adhesive materials can also be used for the carrier film.
Alternativ können auch beide Seiten der Klebefolie mit den reibungserhöhenden Partikeln bestreut werden. In diesem Fall wird die Reibungsfolie zwischen zwei Werkstücke gelegt und wird zwischen diesen durch den Zusammenbau der zwei Werkstücke gehalten. Alternatively, both sides of the adhesive film can be sprinkled with the friction-increasing particles. In this case, the friction film is placed between two workpieces and is held between them by the assembly of the two workpieces.
Bei einer einseitig mit reibungserhöhenden Partikeln beschichteten Folie kann auch nur die nicht beschichtete Seite des Trägermaterials klebend ausgebildet sein. In the case of a film coated on one side with friction-increasing particles, it is also possible for only the non-coated side of the carrier material to be adhesive.
Die Folie kann alternativ aus Metall bestehen, beispielsweise Aluminium, Kupfer oder Edelstahl. Eine solche Folie kann hauchdünn einseitig mit reibungserhöhenden Partikeln beklebt werden und die Partikel, die deutlich grösser als die Foliendicke sind, könnten sich unter Druck zunächst durch die Folie hindurchpressen und dann beidseitig verzahnen. Al ternativ kann die Metallfolie beidseitig mit reibungserhöhenden Partikeln beschichtet wer den. The foil can alternatively consist of metal, for example aluminum, copper or stainless steel. Such a film can be glued on one side with a wafer-thin layer of friction-increasing particles and the particles, which are significantly larger than the film thickness, could initially press through the film under pressure and then interlock on both sides. Alternatively, the metal foil can be coated on both sides with friction-increasing particles.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform hat das Trägermaterial eine Dicke von 20 pm bis 100 pm, insbesondere 25 pm bis 50 pm. Das Trägermaterial ist dabei insbesondere dünner als die reibungserhöhenden Partikel ausgebildet, die beispielsweise eine Längenausdeh nung von 100pm bis 150pm haben können. Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausfüh rungsform ist das Trägermaterial porös ausgebildet und hat eine Dicke von 10 pm bis 100 pm, insbesondere 15 pm bis 30 pm. Durch die starke Kompressibilität des porösen Trä germaterials ist das Trägermaterial im verbauten Zustand auch dann wesentlich dünner als die reibungserhöhenden Partikel wenn diese in etwa nur dieselbe Größe wie oder sogar kleiner als die ursprüngliche Dicke des Trägermaterials sind. Bei einem porösen Trägerma terial mit einer Dicke von 15 pm bis 50 pm können die Partikel eine Längenausdehnung von 10 pm bis 150pm haben According to a further embodiment, the carrier material has a thickness of 20 μm to 100 μm, in particular 25 μm to 50 μm. The carrier material is in particular made thinner than the friction-increasing particles, which, for example, can have a linear expansion of 100 μm to 150 μm. According to a further preferred embodiment, the carrier material is porous and has a thickness of 10 μm to 100 μm, in particular 15 μm to 30 μm. Due to the high compressibility of the porous Trä germaterials, the carrier material in the installed state is also significantly thinner than the friction-increasing particles if they are only about the same size as or even smaller than the original thickness of the carrier material. In the case of a porous carrier material with a thickness of 15 μm to 50 μm, the particles can have a linear expansion of 10 μm to 150 μm
Wird die Reibungsfolie zwischen zwei Werkstücke gelegt, wird die Reibungsfolie zwi schen den Werkstücken gepresst und die reibungserhöhenden Partikel drücken sich dabei durch die Folie hindurch. Da das Trägermaterial dünner als die reibungserhöhenden Parti kel ausgebildet ist, können sich die Partikel so durch das Trägermaterial hindurchdrücken, dass die reibungserhöhenden Partikel in Kontakt mit beiden Werkstücken kommen. Daher
ist auch eine einseitige Beschichtung des Trägermaterials mit den reibungserhöhenden Par tikeln ausreichend. If the friction film is placed between two workpieces, the friction film is pressed between the workpieces and the friction-increasing particles are pressed through the film. Since the carrier material is thinner than the friction-increasing particles, the particles can push their way through the carrier material in such a way that the friction-increasing particles come into contact with both workpieces. Therefore A one-sided coating of the carrier material with the friction-increasing particles is also sufficient.
Das Trägermaterial dient hinsichtlich der Reibwerterhöhung nur dem Zweck, die reibungs erhöhenden Partikel zu fixieren und in sinnvoller Verteilung und Position zwischen die beiden zu montierenden Oberflächen zu bringen. Sobald die Montage erfolgt ist, hat das Trägermaterial keine weitere Funktion, es sei denn eine Spaltabdichtung gegen korrosive Einflüsse wäre gewünscht. Die Temperaturbeständigkeit des Trägermaterials ist weit ge ringer als die der reibungserhöhenden Partikeln. Die Partikel sind sehr hoch temperaturbe ständig. Die Grenze der thermischen Belastbarkeit der mechanischen Verbindung liegt so mit auf Höhe der Belastbarkeit der zumeist metallischen Werkstücke, die miteinander ver bunden werden, und wird nicht durch die reibungserhöhende Folie begrenzt. Eine thermi sche Schädigung oder Zersetzung des Trägermaterials führt nicht zum Funktions- oder Reibungsverlust der bereits montierten Verbindung. With regard to increasing the coefficient of friction, the carrier material only serves the purpose of fixing the friction-increasing particles and bringing them in a meaningful distribution and position between the two surfaces to be mounted. As soon as the assembly has been carried out, the carrier material has no further function, unless a gap seal against corrosive influences is desired. The temperature resistance of the carrier material is far lower than that of the friction-increasing particles. The particles are constantly at high temperatures. The limit of the thermal load capacity of the mechanical connection is thus at the level of the load capacity of the mostly metallic workpieces that are connected to each other, and is not limited by the friction-increasing film. Thermal damage or decomposition of the carrier material does not lead to a loss of function or friction in the connection that has already been installed.
Bevorzugt können als reibungserhöhende Partikel Titandiboridpartikel und/oder Diamant partikel verwendet werden. Andere Materialien, die dazu geeignet sind, die Reibung zu erhöhen, können ebenfalls verwendet werden. Die verwendeten Partikel sollten eine gerin ge Neigung zum Splittern haben, um sich unter Last möglichst nicht in kleinere Stücke zu zerlegen. Besonders geeignet sind Titandiborid oder Diamant. Geeignet sind sehr harte Schleifkörner wie Bornitrid CBN oder mit Einschränkung auch Siliciumcarbid. Abhängig von der Härte der zu verbindenden Werkstücke sind auch klassische Schleifkörner wie Ko rund oder Edelkorund geeignet. Titanium diboride particles and / or diamond particles can preferably be used as friction-increasing particles. Other materials suitable for increasing friction can also be used. The particles used should have a slight tendency to splinter in order not to break down into smaller pieces under load. Titanium diboride or diamond are particularly suitable. Very hard abrasive grains such as boron nitride CBN or, with restrictions, silicon carbide are suitable. Depending on the hardness of the workpieces to be joined, classic abrasive grains such as round or aluminum oxide are also suitable.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform können auf dem Trägermaterial zusätzlich zu den reibungserhöhenden Partikeln Abstandshaltepartikel aufgebracht sein. Diese Abstandshal- tepartikel können eine Doppelfunktion ausüben, nämlich die Erhöhung der Reibung sowie das Sicherstellen des Abstands zwischen den Werkstücken. According to a further embodiment, spacer particles can be applied to the carrier material in addition to the friction-increasing particles. These spacer particles can have a double function, namely increasing the friction and ensuring the distance between the workpieces.
Die Abstandshaltepartikel können beispielsweise Zinkpartikel sein. Diese können sich un ter Druck etwas verformen, ohne in die Oberfläche des Trägermaterials einzudringen. So bald die flachgedrückten Oberflächen der Zinkpartikel eine Gesamtfläche erreicht haben, durch welche die Last in N/mm2 kein Fließen mehr erlaubt, dienen sie als stabile Ab standshalter.
Alternativ kann als Abstandshaltepartikel ein Feinkomanteil der reibungserhöhenden Par tikel verwendet werden. Hierbei wird die Kornverteilung der reibungserhöhenden Partikel, beispielsweise Titandiborid oder eines anderen Hartstoffes, verwendet, die sowohl große Körner als auch Feinkorn enthalten können. Eine definierte Menge an großen Körnern presst sich unter Last zunächst in die Oberflächen der Werkstücke hinein. Sobald aber eine große Menge an Feinkorn zusätzlich zur Anlage kommt, sinkt die Andruckkraft pro Flä cheneinheit ab, das Feinkorn kann also nicht in die Oberflächen eingepresst werden und wirkt als Abstandshalter. The spacer particles can be zinc particles, for example. These can deform a little under pressure without penetrating the surface of the carrier material. As soon as the flattened surfaces of the zinc particles have reached a total area through which the load in N / mm2 no longer allows flow, they serve as stable spacers. Alternatively, a fine grain fraction of the friction-increasing particles can be used as spacer particles. Here, the grain distribution of the friction-increasing particles, for example titanium diboride or another hard material, is used, which can contain both large grains and fine grains. A defined amount of large grains is initially pressed into the surfaces of the workpieces under load. However, as soon as a large amount of fine grain comes into contact with the system, the pressure per unit area drops, so the fine grain cannot be pressed into the surface and acts as a spacer.
Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind in der Beschreibung, den Zeichnungen und den Ansprüchen angegeben. Dabei sind insbesondere die in der Be schreibung und in den Zeichnungen angegebenen Kombinationen der Merkmale rein exemplarisch, so dass die Merkmale auch einzeln oder anders kombiniert vorliegen kön nen. Further advantages and advantageous embodiments are specified in the description, the drawings and the claims. In particular, the combinations of features given in the description and in the drawings are purely exemplary, so that the features can also be present individually or in a different combination.
Im Folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand von in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausfüh rungsbeispielen näher beschrieben werden. Dabei sind die Ausführungsbeispiele und die in den Ausführungsbeispielen gezeigten Kombinationen rein exemplarisch und sollen nicht den Schutzbereich der Erfindung festlegen. Dieser wird allein durch die anhängigen An sprüche definiert. In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with reference to Ausfüh shown in the drawings approximately examples. The exemplary embodiments and the combinations shown in the exemplary embodiments are purely exemplary and are not intended to define the scope of protection of the invention. This is defined solely by the pending claims.
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Fig. 1 : eine Reibungsfolie gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung; und 1: a friction film according to an embodiment of the invention; and
Fig. 2: die Reibungsfolie von Figur 1, die zwischen zwei Werkstücken angeordnet ist. FIG. 2: the friction film from FIG. 1, which is arranged between two workpieces.
Im Folgenden werden gleiche oder funktionell gleichwirkende Elemente mit denselben Bezugszeichen gekennzeichnet. In the following, elements that are the same or have the same function are identified with the same reference symbols.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Reibungsfolie 1 zum Erhöhen der Reibung eines Werkstücks. Die Rei bungsfolie 1 weist ein Trägermaterial 2 auf. Das Trägermaterial 2 kann beispielsweise eine Folie sein, die mit einem Klebstoff beschichtet ist. In einer nicht dargestellten Ausfüh rungsform kann das Trägermaterial ein Klebstoff sein, der lediglich als Träger für die Montage dient und sich im Betrieb verflüssigt. Die folgende Beschreibung bezieht sich auf
die Ausgestaltung als Folie, kann jedoch analog auf die Ausgestaltung als reinen Klebstoff angewendet werden. Fig. 1 shows a friction film 1 for increasing the friction of a workpiece. The friction film 1 has a carrier material 2. The carrier material 2 can, for example, be a film that is coated with an adhesive. In an embodiment, not shown, the carrier material can be an adhesive that is used only as a carrier for assembly and liquefies during operation. The following description refers to the design as a film, however, can be applied analogously to the design as a pure adhesive.
Bei der Folie kann es sich beispielsweise um eine Polymerfolie handeln, auf die beidseitig ein Klebstoff aufgebracht ist. Wie in Fig. 1 gezeigt ist, ist das Trägermaterial 2 nur auf ei ner Seite mit reibungserhöhenden Partikeln 4 beschichtet. Alternativ (nicht gezeigt) kann das Trägermaterial 2 auch auf beiden Seiten mit reibungserhöhenden Partikeln 4 beschich tet werden. Ist das Trägermaterial 2 lediglich auf einer Seite beschichtet, kann die andere Seite klebend ausgebildet sein. Auf diese Weise kann die Reibungsfolie 1 auf einfache Weise auf einem Werkstück angebracht werden, da sie durch die klebende Seite auf das Werkstück aufgeklebt werden kann. Die Reibungsfolie 1 kann einfach an die Form des Werkstücks angepasst werden, indem sie beispielsweise vor Ort manuell, ohne zusätzliche (Stanz-)Werkzeuge, zugeschnitten wird. Des Weiteren ist die Reibungsfolie 1 (ohne ein Abbröckeln der Partikel 4) verformbar und kann daher auch an Rundungen oder ähnliches des Werkstücks angepasst werden. The film can be, for example, a polymer film to which an adhesive is applied on both sides. As shown in FIG. 1, the carrier material 2 is coated with friction-increasing particles 4 only on one side. Alternatively (not shown) the carrier material 2 can also be coated with friction-increasing particles 4 on both sides. If the carrier material 2 is coated on only one side, the other side can be made adhesive. In this way, the friction film 1 can be attached to a workpiece in a simple manner, since it can be glued onto the workpiece through the adhesive side. The friction film 1 can easily be adapted to the shape of the workpiece, for example by being cut manually on site without additional (punching) tools. Furthermore, the friction film 1 is deformable (without the particles 4 crumbling off) and can therefore also be adapted to curves or the like of the workpiece.
Die reibungserhöhenden Partikel 4 dienen dazu, die Reibung des Werkstücks zu erhöhen und können beispielsweise Titandiboridpartikel oder Diamantpartikel sein. Zusätzlich zu den reibungserhöhenden Partikeln 4 können noch weitere Partikel 6, wie beispielsweise Ab standshal tepartikel auf das Trägermaterial 2 aufgebracht werden. Durch die Abstands- haltepartikel 6 kann sichergestellt werden, dass sich die reibungserhöhenden Partikel 4 nur bis zu einem vordefinierten Grad in ein Werkstück eindrücken können, wie in Zusammen hang mit Fig. 2 beschrieben wird. The friction-increasing particles 4 serve to increase the friction of the workpiece and can, for example, be titanium diboride particles or diamond particles. In addition to the friction-increasing particles 4, further particles 6, such as, for example, spacer particles, can be applied to the carrier material 2. The spacer particles 6 can ensure that the friction-increasing particles 4 can only be pressed into a workpiece up to a predefined degree, as will be described in connection with FIG. 2.
Die reibungserhöhenden Partikel 4 und die Ab standshal tepartikel 6 haften durch die Kle beeigenschaften des Trägermaterials 2 an dem Trägermaterial 2. Beispielsweise können die reibungserhöhenden Partikel 4 und die Abstandhai tepartikel 6 in Pulverform oder als Schüttgut auf das Trägermaterial 2 gestreut werden, wobei überschüssige Partikel abfallen. Auf diese Weise entsteht eine gleichmäßige und einlagige Schicht mit reibungserhöhenden Partikeln 4 und Ab standshal tepartikeln 6. The friction-increasing particles 4 and the spacing particles 6 adhere to the carrier material 2 due to the adhesive properties of the carrier material 2 . In this way, a uniform, single-layer layer with friction-increasing particles 4 and spacing particles 6 is created.
Wird nun die Reibungsfolie 1 zwischen zwei Werkstücke 8 eingelegt, wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt ist, drücken sich die reibungserhöhenden Partikel 4 in die Oberflächen der Werkstücke 8 ein. Dabei drücken sich die reibungserhöhenden Partikel 4 zum einen durch die Folie hin-
durch und zum anderen verzahnen die reibungserhöhenden Partikel 4 mit den Oberflächen der Werkstücke 8. If the friction film 1 is now inserted between two workpieces 8, as shown in FIG. 2, the friction-increasing particles 4 are pressed into the surfaces of the workpieces 8. On the one hand, the friction-increasing particles 4 push themselves through the film. on the other hand, the friction-increasing particles 4 interlock with the surfaces of the workpieces 8.
Wird die Reibungsfolie 1 wieder entfernt, werden damit auch die reibungserhöhenden Par tikel 4 entfernt, da diese nicht an den Werkstücken 8 haften, sondern nur eine Verzahnung zur Erhöhung der Reibung stattfindet. Wie in Fig. 2 gesehen werden kann, drücken sich die reibungserhöhenden Partikel 4 nur so weit in die Oberflächen der Werkstücke 8 ein, wie es die Ab standshal tepartikel 6 zulassen. Die Abstandshaltepartikel 6, beispielsweise Zinkpar tikel, können sich unter Druck etwas verformen, ohne in die Oberfläche des Trägermateri als 2 einzudringen. Sobald die flachgedrückten Oberflächen der Abstandshaltepartikel 6 eine Gesamtfläche erreicht haben, durch welche die Last in N/mm2 kein Fließen mehr er laubt, dienen sie als stabile Abstandshalter. If the friction film 1 is removed again, the friction-increasing Par items 4 are removed, since they do not adhere to the workpieces 8, but only a toothing takes place to increase the friction. As can be seen in Fig. 2, the friction-increasing particles 4 press only as far into the surfaces of the workpieces 8 as the Abstandshal tepartikel 6 allow. The spacer particles 6, for example zinc particles, can deform somewhat under pressure without penetrating the surface of the carrier material as 2. As soon as the flattened surfaces of the spacer particles 6 have reached a total area through which the load in N / mm2 no longer permits flow, they serve as stable spacers.
Durch die hier beschriebene Reibungsfolie ist es somit auf einfache Weise möglich, die Reibung zwischen zwei Werkstücken zu erhöhen. Da die reibungserhöhenden Partikel in Folienform vorliegen, können diese einfach auf ein Werkstück aufgebracht und an die Form und Größe des Werkstücks vor Ort angepasst werden.
The friction film described here thus makes it possible in a simple manner to increase the friction between two workpieces. Since the friction-increasing particles are in the form of a film, they can easily be applied to a workpiece and adapted to the shape and size of the workpiece on site.
Bezusszeichenliste Reference symbol list
1 Reibungsfolie 1 friction film
2 Trägermaterial 2 carrier material
4 reibungserhöhende Partikel4 friction-increasing particles
6 Ab standshal tepartikel 6 spacer particles
8 Werkstück
8 workpiece
Claims
1. Reibungsfolie (1) zum Erhöhen der Reibung eines Werkstücks (8), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Reibungsfolie (1) ein verformbares Trägermaterial (2) aufweist, auf welchem auf zumindest einer Seite reibungserhöhende Partikel (4), insbesondere mittels eines Klebstoffs, aufgebracht sind. 1. Friction film (1) for increasing the friction of a workpiece (8), characterized in that the friction film (1) has a deformable carrier material (2) on which at least one side friction-increasing particles (4), in particular by means of an adhesive, are upset.
2. Reibungsfolie nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Trägermaterial (2) eine Polymerfolie, insbesondere eine Polyethylenfolie ist. 2. friction film according to claim 1, wherein the carrier material (2) is a polymer film, in particular a polyethylene film.
3. Reibungsfolie nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Trägermaterial (2) eine poröse Struktur, insbesondere eine Schwamm Struktur oder Faserstruktur, aufweist. 3. Friction film according to claim 1, wherein the carrier material (2) has a porous structure, in particular a sponge structure or fiber structure.
4. Reibungsfolie nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das Trägermaterial (2) ein Klebstoff ist, der verflüssigbar ist. 4. friction film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carrier material (2) is an adhesive which is liquefiable.
5. Reibungsfolie nach Anspruch 4, wobei die reibungserhöhenden Partikel (4) durch den Klebstoff miteinander verbunden sind. 5. friction film according to claim 4, wherein the friction-increasing particles (4) are connected to one another by the adhesive.
6. Reibungsfolie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Trägermaterial auf beiden Seiten mit Klebstoff beschichtet ist, wobei einseitig die reibungserhöhen den Partikeln (4) aufgebracht sind. 6. friction film according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier material is coated on both sides with adhesive, one side of the friction heighten the particles (4) are applied.
7. Reibungsfolie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Trägermaterial auf beiden Seiten mit Klebstoff beschichtet ist, wobei beidseitig die reibungserhö henden Partikeln (4) aufgebracht sind.
7. friction film according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier material is coated on both sides with adhesive, both sides of which the friction-increasing particles (4) are applied.
8. Reibungsfolie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die reibungserhö henden Partikeln (4) in das Trägermaterial eingebracht sind. 8. Friction film according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the friction-increasing particles (4) are introduced into the carrier material.
9. Reibungsfolie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Trägermaterial (2) eine Dicke von 20pm bis lOOpm, insbesondere 25 pm bis 50pm, hat. 9. friction film according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier material (2) has a thickness of 20 pm to 100 pm, in particular 25 pm to 50 pm.
10. Reibungsfolie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Trägermaterial (2) als poröses Trägermaterial ausgebildet ist und eine Dicke von 10pm bis lOOpm, insbesondere 15pm bis 50pm, hat. 10. Friction film according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier material (2) is designed as a porous carrier material and has a thickness of 10 pm to 100 pm, in particular 15 pm to 50 pm.
11. Reibungsfolie nach Anspruch 10, wobei die reibungserhöhenden Partikeln (4) ein seitig auf das Trägermaterial aufgebracht sind. 11. friction film according to claim 10, wherein the friction-increasing particles (4) are applied to one side of the carrier material.
12. Reibungsfolie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die reibungserhö henden Partikel (4) Titandiboridpartikel und/oder Diamantpartikel sind. 12. Friction film according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the friction-increasing particles (4) are titanium diboride particles and / or diamond particles.
13. Reibungsfolie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei auf dem Trägerma terial (2) zusätzlich zu den reibungserhöhenden Partikeln (4) Abstandshaltepartikel (6), insbesondere Zinkpartikel, aufgebracht sind.
13. Friction film according to one of the preceding claims, wherein spacer particles (6), in particular zinc particles, are applied to the carrier material (2) in addition to the friction-increasing particles (4).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019217388.8A DE102019217388A1 (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2019-11-11 | Friction foil |
PCT/EP2020/081489 WO2021094253A1 (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2020-11-09 | Friction film |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4058507A1 true EP4058507A1 (en) | 2022-09-21 |
Family
ID=73401477
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20806944.3A Pending EP4058507A1 (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2020-11-09 | Friction film |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US20220298387A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4058507A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN114729139A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102019217388A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021094253A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (17)
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US4717496A (en) * | 1984-12-03 | 1988-01-05 | Giulini Chemie Gmbh | Stiffening material with melt-adhesive properties |
DE8803413U1 (en) * | 1988-03-14 | 1989-07-13 | Norddeutsche Schleifmittel-Industrie Christiansen & Co (GmbH & Co), 2000 Hamburg | Flexible grinding tool |
DE4120884A1 (en) * | 1990-06-26 | 1992-01-02 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Non-slip fabric for freight carrier support surface - has abrasive layer anchored to face of thermoplastic nylon film sealed warp knit woven ground fabric with thermally hardening phenol¨ resin |
DE19823928A1 (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 1999-12-09 | Kempten Elektroschmelz Gmbh | Connecting element for the non-positive connection of components |
TW467809B (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2001-12-11 | Ultimate Abrasive Systems Llc | Abrasive surface and article and methods for making them |
US7682654B2 (en) * | 2003-06-03 | 2010-03-23 | Seldon Technologies, Llc | Fused nanostructure material |
DE102009023402A1 (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-02 | Esk Ceramics Gmbh & Co. Kg | Suspension for the production of a friction-increasing layer, shaped article with such a friction-increasing layer, process for its preparation and its use |
DE102009049875A1 (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2011-05-12 | Daimler Ag | Brake disk has annular friction body which is made of aluminum material that is reinforced with hard particles, where common friction body is assembled by spray compacting |
DE102011005921A1 (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-06-14 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Friction-increasing paint and thus coated machine part |
CA2773197A1 (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-09-27 | Yundong Li | Electroplated super abrasive tools with the abrasive particles chemically bonded and deliberately placed, and methods for making the same |
DE112013007427T5 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2016-06-16 | Aktiebolaget Skf | friction clutch |
DE102013218550A1 (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-03-19 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Friction-enhancing film |
GB201517939D0 (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-11-25 | Conpart As | Spacer particles for adhesives |
DE102015220169A1 (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2017-04-20 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Foil for increasing the friction between two non-positively connected components |
WO2017117038A1 (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-06 | Borgwarner Inc. | Friction material |
DE102016101684A1 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-03 | Willibald Speth | REINFORCED INSERT FOR FRICTIONALLY CONNECTING COMPONENTS, METHOD FOR PRODUCING A REINFORCED INSERT AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PRESS ASSOCIATION |
CN109530688B (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2020-10-20 | 山东科技大学 | Porous ceramic membrane material for photo-thermal seawater desalination and preparation method and application thereof |
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2019
- 2019-11-11 DE DE102019217388.8A patent/DE102019217388A1/en active Pending
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2020
- 2020-11-09 US US17/770,178 patent/US20220298387A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-09 WO PCT/EP2020/081489 patent/WO2021094253A1/en unknown
- 2020-11-09 EP EP20806944.3A patent/EP4058507A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-09 CN CN202080079621.7A patent/CN114729139A/en active Pending
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WO2021094253A1 (en) | 2021-05-20 |
DE102019217388A1 (en) | 2021-05-12 |
US20220298387A1 (en) | 2022-09-22 |
CN114729139A (en) | 2022-07-08 |
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