Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
  • B60L5/38—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles for collecting current from conductor rails
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
  • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60M1/00—Power supply lines for contact with collector on vehicle
  • B60M1/02—Details
  • B60M1/10—Arrangements for energising and de-energising power line sections using magnetic actuation by the passing vehicle
  • B60M1/103—Arrangements for energising and de-energising power line sections using magnetic actuation by the passing vehicle by vehicle-borne magnets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60M1/00—Power supply lines for contact with collector on vehicle
  • B60M1/30—Power rails
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60M1/00—Power supply lines for contact with collector on vehicle
  • B60M1/36—Single contact pieces along the line for power supply
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60M7/00—Power lines or rails specially adapted for electrically-propelled vehicles of special types, e.g. suspension tramway, ropeway, underground railway
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
  • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
  • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

• TITLE Ground power system and method for unguided electric vehicles
• the present invention relates to a ground power system for unguided electric vehicles.
• An electric vehicle comprises a rechargeable battery and an electric motor, powered by the battery and making it possible to propel the vehicle.
• document FR 14 52525 discloses a roadway, the surface of which is provided with two grooves parallel to each other and extending longitudinally in the direction of the roadway. Within each of the grooves circulate (s) one or more electric current supply rails.
• the unguided electric vehicle is fitted with a pole whose end is suitable for entering the grooves of the roadway so as to come into electrical contact with the supply rails, subdivided into longitudinal segments.
• a segment is connected to a supply voltage source through a switch which is controlled as a function of a signal relating to the position of the vehicle to be supplied.
• This position signal is for example generated during the detection, by a magnetic loop integrated in the roadway and circulating along the segment considered, of a signal generated by a transmission device placed on the vehicle, for example of a RFID type label (for “Radio Frequency Identification”).
• a control device closes the switch so that the segment in question is electrically connected to the voltage source, provided, for example, that the speed of the vehicle also meets certain conditions.
• the segments may however be longer than the length of unguided electric vehicles, which makes the situation dangerous when, in particular, pedestrians are in a situation of coming into contact with a segment raised to the potential of the voltage source and on which the vehicle.
• the object of the invention is to provide an improved ground feed system for unguided vehicles.
• the system comprises: a voltage source suitable for delivering a supply voltage; a presence detection unit to determine whether an unguided electric vehicle is present on or in the immediate vicinity of a segment or not; a control unit for selectively connecting a segment to the voltage source, selectively disconnecting said segment from the voltage source, said control unit being adapted to connect a segment to the voltage source only if an unguided electric vehicle has been determined in close proximity to said segment or on said segment and to disconnect said segment from the voltage source if no unguided electric vehicle has been determined in close
• the ground power system for unguided electric vehicles further comprises one or more of the following features:
• a set of obstacle detector (s) is installed in the unguided electric vehicle and comprises a sensor located at the front of said vehicle and / or a sensor located at the rear of said vehicle, said assembly being adapted to detect whether an obstacle is present on a portion of a segment appearing in a capture zone of the sensor as a function of the data captured by the sensor;
• the unguided electric vehicle comprises a wireless telecommunication transmitter unit adapted to emit a first presence signal, and in which the presence detection unit is adapted to determine whether an unguided electric vehicle is present or in the immediate vicinity of a segment as a function of a second presence signal induced by said first presence signal in an antenna forming a loop around said segment;
• the power supply system is suitable for in case of detection of an obstacle:
• control unit is suitable for, if an obstacle is detected:
• the power supply system is adapted to determine the delay time depending on the type of obstacle currently present on said portion of segment.
• an electronic presence detection unit of whether an unguided electric vehicle is present on or in the immediate vicinity of a segment or not; by a control unit, selectively implementing a connection of a segment to a voltage source delivering a supply voltage only if an unguided electric vehicle has been determined in the immediate vicinity of said segment or on said segment, and a disconnection of said segment from the voltage source if no unguided electric vehicle has been determined in the immediate vicinity of said segment or on said segment;
• said method being characterized in that it comprises the following step implemented by the control unit: if an obstacle is detected:
• the method according to the invention further comprises one or more of the following characteristics:
• a set of obstacle detector (s) is on board the unguided electric vehicle and comprises a sensor located at the front of said vehicle and / or a sensor located at the rear of said vehicle, said assembly detecting whether an obstacle is present on a portion of a segment appearing in a capture zone of the sensor as a function of the data captured by the sensor;
• Figure 1 is a view schematically showing an unguided electric vehicle traveling on a roadway equipped with the ground supply system in one embodiment of the invention
• FIG 2 is another view, with block diagrams, of the roadway of Figure 1 equipped with the ground supply system in one embodiment of the invention
• FIG 3 illustrates a traffic situation on the roadway of Figure 1;
• FIG 4 Figure 4 illustrates another traffic situation on the roadway of Figure 1;
• Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a method of using the system of Figure 1.
• Figures 1 and 2 show an unguided electric vehicle 1, for example a truck 1, traveling on a roadway 2. Obviously, different types of unguided vehicles will be driven on the roadway 2 using the power supply system. floor. Thus, the term unguided electric vehicle includes goods trucks, passenger coaches, passenger cars, etc.
• An XYZ trihedron is conventionally associated with truck 1: the X axis in the longitudinal direction, facing forward; the Y axis in the transverse direction, oriented from left to right; and the Z axis in the vertical direction, oriented from bottom to top.
• the truck 1 has a body and wheels, some of which are steered and steering means (not shown) allowing a driver to change the angle of the steered wheels in the XY plane so as to steer the vehicle 1.
• the truck 1 has a rechargeable battery and an electric motor (not shown). In traction, these main electrical means require a power of the order of 150 kW.
• the truck 1 is equipped with a collection means making it possible to collect an electric power during the movement of the truck 1.
• the collection means are generally referenced by the number 5 in Figures 1 and 2.
• the capture means 5 comprises a specific pad to be placed in sliding contact on a pair of feed tracks of the ground feed system.
• the electric truck 1 has one or more obstacle sensors, here a rear sensor 2 and a front sensor 3.
• the electric truck 1 further comprises an electronic control unit 20, which comprises an electronic processing unit 7, an electronic pad control unit 9 and a transmitter unit 4.
• an electronic control unit 20 which comprises an electronic processing unit 7, an electronic pad control unit 9 and a transmitter unit 4.
• the electric truck 1 further comprises an electronic block 110 for energy management.
• Each of the obstacle sensors 2, respectively 3, is suitable for detecting the presence of an obstacle in a detection zone associated with them, respectively Z2, Z1.
• the obstacle sensors 2, 3 comprise a video sensor (and / or an ultrasonic sensor and / or a radar sensor and / or a sensor lidar and a processing unit suitable for performing processing on the data acquired by the video sensor, representative of the possible occupation by obstacles of the associated detection zone.
• the processing operations are, for example, algorithmic processing to identify from these data the presence of obstacles in the associated zone.
• the obstacles giving rise to identification are, for example, of the person, animal or two-wheeler type.
• the processing operations are also suitable for classifying an obstacle identified in a category from among several possible categories: pedestrians, animals, two-wheelers, etc.
• the obstacle sensors 2, 3 are suitable for, as soon as they identify an obstacle in the zones Z1, Z2, deliver to the processing unit 7 an alert indicating that an obstacle has been identified (and if applicable its category) .
• the processing unit 7 is suitable for, upon receipt of an alert indicating an obstacle identified in the zone Z1 or Z2 from one of the obstacle sensors 2, 3, ordering the transmitter unit 4 to stop the emission of the radio signal intended to make known the presence of the vehicle in a particular segment.
• the energy management unit 110 is adapted to obtain electrical energy selectively, from the segments of the supply track 11 or from other means, for example an on-board battery, a thermal source (in such a case the engine is for example switched to a heat engine), then supply this electrical energy to the on-board equipment (engine, air conditioning, ventilation, battery, etc.); the selection is made for example as a function of commands sent to it, for example by the processing unit 7 or by an on-board vehicle computer or on automatic detection of the loss of voltage on the ground supply,.
• a thermal source in such a case the engine is for example switched to a heat engine
• the transmitter unit 4 is disposed in whole or in part at the level of the pad 5 in one embodiment of the invention.
• This transmitter unit 4 is suitable for transmitting, continuously, unless otherwise ordered by the processing unit 7, a radio signal having for example a characteristic frequency of 500 kHz.
• the transmitter unit 4 Upon receipt of a stop transmission command from the processing unit 7, the transmitter unit 4 is adapted to stop the transmission of the radio signal.
• This stop is maintained as long as the transmitter unit 4 has not received a command to resume transmission from the processing unit 7, which is suitable for sending such a command at the end of a predetermined time delay T after the command. stop (the duration of this time delay T is for example included in the range [5s, 60s]) or in another embodiment, as soon as there is no longer an obstacle detection alert transmitted by an obstacle sensor 2, 3.
• the roadway 2, shown schematically in Figures 1, 2 from different viewing angles, comprises in known manner a trench within which is positioned the ground feed track, generally referenced by the number 10.
• the feed track 10 comprises, flush with the surface of the carriageway 2:
• phase conductive track 11 electrically connected either to an electric power source or to the reference potential, as will be described below;
• a conductive neutral track 12 electrically connected to the current return of the vehicle or to a reference potential Vref, for example 0 V;
• a protective conductive track 13 electrically connected to the current return of the vehicle or to a reference potential Vref, for example 0 V.
• tracks 11 and 12 protrude slightly above the surface of the roadway 2, for example by a height of the order of a few millimeters, in particular equal to 2 mm.
• Runway 13 is at surface level 8 of carriageway 2.
• the segments are therefore longer than at least some of the unguided electric vehicles that they supply: generally during the movement of a vehicle 1, there is a portion of the segment on which the vehicle is located, which extends in front of the vehicle and / or a portion of the segment which extends behind the vehicle.
• the segments are arranged end to end to form phase track 11.
• the segments are electrically isolated from each other.
• the neutral track 12 is produced using segments of the same type as those used for the phase track 11.
• the track 12 consists of a plurality of segments having a width of approximately 5 cm and a length. of about 11 m.
• the insulation between the consecutive segments of the neutral track 12 is here of the same nature as that of the phase track 11. However, although a segmentation is necessary for mechanical reasons (expansion), the level of Dielectric strength between segments is not necessarily as high as that between segments of phase track 11.
• the neutral track 12 runs parallel to the phase track 11, on a first side thereof.
• the side edge of phase track 11 and the side edge of neutral track 12, which are facing each other, are spaced a first distance of about 15 cm.
• the protection track 13 is made up of a plurality of metal segments interconnected with one another.
• the protection track 13 is arranged parallel to the phase track 11, on a second side thereof opposite to the first side of the phase track 11 comprising the neutral track 12.
• phase track 11 and the side edge of protection track 13, which are facing each other, are spaced a second distance of about 15 cm.
• the function of the protection track 13 is to constitute, on the second side, a means of collecting electrons from a leakage current coming from the phase conductive track 11.
• the width of the protective track 13 is approximately 1 cm.
• the part present on the ground, as presented above, of the ground supply system 10 has a total width over the carriageway of about 50 cm. This total width is chosen to remain less than the center distance of the smallest unguided electric vehicle likely to travel on roadway 2 and to use system 10.
• any current leakage due for example to the presence of a puddle or a film of water on the surface of the road, is collected on the first side by the neutral track 12 and on the second side by the protection track 13. This prevents the portion of the road surface brought to such a high potential from extending laterally beyond the width of the system. ground feed 10.
• the latter comprises a support assembly for the different tracks described for example in application FR 1452525.
• the detection zone Z1 associated with the front obstacle sensor 3 comprises, in one embodiment, the portion of a segment 11.i located at the front of the truck
• the detection zone Z1 associated with the front obstacle sensor 3 comprises, in one embodiment, at least a portion of a segment 11.i located at the front of the vehicle and not covered by the vehicle 1 when the latter is located on segment 11.i.
• Each segment 11.i of the plurality of segments is electrically connected, via a feeder cable 15.i and a dedicated electronic control unit 31. i, alternatively either to a supply line 30. i connected to an electric power source 400, or to the potential of the current return.
• the control unit 31 .i comprises an electronic presence detection unit 520. i, an electronic speed determination unit 521. i, an electronic control unit 522. i and a switch unit 523. i.
• the length of the detection zones Z1, Z2 is calculated as a function of the maximum speed of the vehicle supplied by the ground (for example 90 km / h), and advantageously of the cumulative obstacle detection and analysis times. by the sensors and / or treatment by the treatment unit 7 and / or stop T of the emission and / or cut-off of the supply by the ground by the control unit 31. i and the width of the Z1, Z2 detection zones correspond to that of the traffic lane on which vehicle 1 is traveling.
• the electric power source 400 is suitable for delivering a supply voltage V s, for example 750 V DC.
• the source 400 is an electrical substation converting a high voltage alternating current into a low voltage direct current (750V DC).
• an antenna 52. i called a detection antenna, is placed at the level of each segment 11.i.
• the detection antenna 52. i circulates in the roadway 2, to form a loop, called the detection loop, around the segment 11.i (exclusively around the segment 11.i, ie without encompassing part of the segments which are adjacent to it. ), so as to detect the presence of a vehicle above segment 11.i. More precisely, it circulates in longitudinal channels provided in each of the lateral edges of the support profile of the phase track.
• Each antenna 52. i is suitable for picking up the signal emitted by the transmitter unit 4, when the pad 5 passes close by, for example less than about 15 cm from the antenna 52. i and for generating a corresponding induced signal.
• the corresponding signal generated within the detection antenna 52. i is applied via an antenna cable
• the signal s generated by the antenna 52. i corresponds to the signal emitted by the transmitter unit 4 of the vehicle 1, convolved with a function corresponding to the shape of the antenna and to the instantaneous speed of the vehicle.
• the signal s comprises a rising edge corresponding to the arrival of the vehicle within 15 cm of the antenna, a plateau while the vehicle is still above the antenna, then a falling edge indicating let him move away.
• the presence detection unit 520. i is suitable for determining at any time whether or not a vehicle is present above segment 11.i, as a function of the current signal supplied by the detection antenna 52. i.
• the presence detection block 520. i is adapted to transmit to the control unit 522. i information (PRES) indicating the presence of a signal in the antenna 52. i as induced by the signal emitted by the block transmitter 4, and indicating an item of information (NOT NEAR) indicating the absence of such a signal in the antenna 52. i, as soon as it detects it.
• the speed determination block 521. i is suitable for determining the speed V of a vehicle 1 located on segment 11 .i: different methods can be implemented to do this, whether or not using the signal emitted by the transmitter unit. 4, for example using a speed antenna loop located at segment 11 .i-1 or another type of speed sensor.
• the control unit 522. i is suitable for checking a set of conditions and for, depending on these conditions, controlling the switch unit
• the control unit 522. i is also suitable for, as soon as it receives information of the PRES type from the presence detection unit 520. i (therefore indicating, given the above, the presence of a vehicle 1 on the segment 11.i cumulated with the absence of identified obstacles) and after having checked that the current speed V of the vehicle is indeed between Vi and V 2 , control the switch unit 523. i so as to connect the segment 11. i to the electric power source 400 and inform the energy management unit 110 of said connection.
• the control unit 522. i is also suitable for, as soon as it receives information of the NOT NEAR type from the presence detection unit 520. i (indicating that no vehicle is present on segment 11.i or when an obstacle has been detected by the sensors 2, 3 of a vehicle present on segment 11.i), command the switch unit 523. i to connect the segment 11.i to the current return and thus inform the unit of energy management 110 of the disconnection.
• control unit 31. i includes a memory and a processor.
• Said memory comprises software instructions which, when they are executed by the processor, implement at least some of the steps of the set 100 of steps indicated below with reference to FIG. 5.
• the electronic presence detection unit 520. i, the electronic speed determination unit 521. i and / or the electronic control unit 522. i include software bricks.
• a step 101 the following operations take place.
• Obstacle sensors 2 and 3 of vehicle 1 monitor zones Z1 and Z2 and verify that no obstacle appears in these zones.
• the transmitter unit 4 of the vehicle 1 emits its continuous signal.
• the detection antenna 52. i at segment 11.i generates a signal s under the effect of the proximity of the transmitter unit 4 of the truck 1.
• the presence detection block 520. i as a function of the signal s received, transmits information PRES to the control block 522. i.
• the speed determining block 521.i determines the value V of the speed of the vehicle 1. The value of the determined speed V is transmitted to the control block 522. i by the speed determining block 521. i.
• the command block 522. i then checks that the value of the speed V is indeed between Vi and V 2 . In the positive case, and given that a PRES information has been received (which means that no obstacle has been signaled as currently present on segment 11.i by obstacle sensors 2 and 3 and that the vehicle 1 is located on segment 11.i), switch unit 523. i is controlled by control unit 522. i to connect segment 11.i to electric power source 400 at voltage V s , thus bringing the segment 11 .i at the supply voltage V s ..
• the energy management unit 110 then controls the supply of the on-board elements by distributing this captured supply current.
• a step 102 the sensor 2 or 3 associated with the zone in which the obstacle has arisen detects this obstacle (and determines its category if applicable), then delivers an alert indicating that an obstacle has been identified (and if its category) to the processing unit 7, which then orders the stopping of the transmission of the radio signal by the transmitter unit 4.
• the detection antenna 52. i at the level of the segment 11 .i then no longer generates any signal s under the effect of the proximity of the transmitter unit 4 of the truck 1 since the latter no longer transmits.
• the presence detection unit 520. i therefore transmits a NOT NEAR information to the control unit 522. i, which then controls the switch unit 523. i to disconnect the segment from the voltage source V s and to connect the segment 11 .i to earth potential.
• the control unit 522. i informs the energy management unit 110 of said disconnection.
• the energy management unit 110 controls, for example, the supply of power by an on-board alternating system, for example a batteries and controls the supply of on-board elements according to this system. In one embodiment, it can also control the pad control unit 9 to raise the pad if necessary (which must then be lowered as soon as the segment on which the vehicle 1 is located will again be supplied by V s ).
• a step 103 which begins at the end of a predetermined time delay T (or else in another embodiment, which begins as soon as the obstacle detection alert disappears, the processing unit 7 re-authorizes remission. by the transmitter unit 4), the transmitter unit 4 again proceeds to the transmission of its signal and as indicated in step 101, subject to a current speed value present in the authorized range and the presence of the vehicle 1 on segment 11 .i, the latter is re-supplied to voltage V s following the switching command of switch unit 523. i by control unit 522. i.
• the obstacle presence alert and its category are transmitted by the processing unit 7, for example by radio communication, to a remote control station.
• the different segments of the phase track 11 are thus successively activated in synchronization with the movement of the car 1 along the roadway 2. It should be noted that the segments 11.i are supplied successively, so that only one segment or possibly two segments are at the potential of 750 V at a given instant .
• the potential to which the segments are carried is selected according to the speed of the vehicle 1 and its position. If an obstacle is detected in one of the zones Z1, Z2, the power supply of a segment on which the vehicle 1 is located is stopped.
• the presence of the vehicle in a segment is continuously monitored and the power to a segment is terminated as soon as an absence of a vehicle in the segment is detected.
• the unguided electric vehicle 1 If the unguided electric vehicle 1 is stuck in a traffic jam and is traveling at low speed (speed less than Vi) or traveling too quickly (speed greater than V 2 ), the electric potential to which the segment of phase track 11 is brought to which it is located is zero, without risk for a pedestrian to be electrocuted. If the unguided electric vehicle 1 travels normally at a speed between Vi and V 2 and which is associated with the section of the roadway on which the vehicle 1 is engaged, the electric potential to which the segment of the phase track is carried on which is the unguided electric vehicle is high and corresponds to the supply voltage V s . This high electric potential makes it possible to transfer a significant power to the unguided electric vehicle, compatible with the operation of its main electric means. As soon as an obstacle presenting a risk is detected, the segment is reduced to zero potential.
• the zero potential is replaced by a low potential, i.e. not presenting a risk of electrocution, typically less than 60V.
• FIG. 3 illustrates a traffic situation on the roadway of FIG. 1 with a supply system according to the invention: the truck 1 travels on segment 11.i at an authorized speed, other vehicles 44 and 45 are traveling in a traffic lane parallel to that of truck 1 and there are no obstacles in zones Z1, Z2: segment 11.i is therefore supplied with voltage V s (the portions of segment 11.i thus supplied located in front of and behind the truck 1 are shown hatched).
• FIG. 4 illustrates another traffic situation on the roadway of FIG. 1 with a supply system according to the invention: the truck 1 is traveling on segment 11.i at an authorized speed, other vehicles 47 and 49 are traveling at proximity of the truck 1, as well as of the pedestrians 48, 46.
• the pedestrian 48 being detected as an obstacle in the zone Z2, the segment 11 .i is not supplied at the voltage V s .
• the front sensor 3 (and / or in one embodiment the rear sensor 2) also monitors a zone Z beyond the zone associated with it, here Z1, covering the parallel tracks in front of the truck 1 and identifies as the only obstacles giving rise to alert a subset of the categories, for example only pedestrians.
• the pedestrians 46 would also have been detected as obstacles giving rise to the interruption of the power supply V s .
• the electronic speed determination unit 521. i and / or the electronic control unit 522. i is produced in the form of a programmable logic component, such as an FPGA (from English Field Programmable Gâte Array), or in the form of a dedicated integrated circuit, such as an ASIC (from English Applications Specifies Integrated Circuit).
• a programmable logic component such as an FPGA (from English Field Programmable Gâte Array)
• ASIC from English Applications Specifies Integrated Circuit
• the ground power system comprises, instead of or in addition to on-board sensors, a set of obstacle detectors external to the vehicle, for example based on a system of cameras arranged along the roads, making it possible to detect whether an obstacle is present on a segment.
• control unit 31 .i. controls the switch block 523. i so as to connect the segment 11 .i to the electric power source 400 that if at the same time V is in the required range, the information PRES is received and no information of presence. obstacles is received by the control unit 31.i.
• the presence detection unit 520. i detects whether an unguided electric vehicle 1 is present in a segment.
• an unguided electric vehicle 1 detects whether an unguided electric vehicle 1 is present or not on a segment or else in the immediate vicinity of a segment or not (for example, "in the immediate vicinity” means at a distance of less than 3 meters of the segment, preferably less than 1 m, preferably of the order of ten cm, depending on the direction of travel on the track, that is to say that the vehicle is heading towards the segment and is at a distance of less than 3 meters from the segment, preferably less than 1 m, preferably of the order of ten cm), said segment then being disconnected from the voltage source when no unguided electric vehicle is was determined in the immediate vicinity of said segment or on said segment, the segment then being connected in the event of vehicle detection provided that no obstacle is detected.
• control unit is suitable for, as soon as an obstacle is detected near - or on - a portion of a segment located in front of an unguided electric vehicle located on said segment, and / or near - or on - a portion of said segment located behind said vehicle located on said segment, then disconnecting said segment from the voltage source.
• proximity depends on the length of the detection zone of the sensors 2, 3 which depends on the maximum speed of the vehicle supplied by the ground (90 km / h), and advantageously on the cumulative detection times. and obstacle analysis by sensors.
• “near” means at a distance of less than 11 meters, of preferably less than 3 meters, while the length of the detection zone is for example less than 21 m, preferably less than 14 meters.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
• Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=69700042

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 2019
  • 2019-11-08 FR FR1912544A patent/FR3102953B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-11-03 WO PCT/EP2020/080834 patent/WO2021089556A1/fr unknown
  • 2020-11-03 EP EP20797785.1A patent/EP4054877A1/de active Pending

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