EP4048582A1 - Hublot subaquatique dont la surface orientee vers l'interieur de sa structure de montage est a facettes - Google Patents
Hublot subaquatique dont la surface orientee vers l'interieur de sa structure de montage est a facettesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4048582A1 EP4048582A1 EP20789636.6A EP20789636A EP4048582A1 EP 4048582 A1 EP4048582 A1 EP 4048582A1 EP 20789636 A EP20789636 A EP 20789636A EP 4048582 A1 EP4048582 A1 EP 4048582A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- window
- face
- oriented towards
- porthole
- glazing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxocalcium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].[Ca]=O HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B19/00—Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
- B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
- B63C11/48—Means for searching for underwater objects
- B63C11/49—Floating structures with underwater viewing devices, e.g. with windows ; Arrangements on floating structures of underwater viewing devices, e.g. on boats
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/42—Alternating layers, e.g. ABAB(C), AABBAABB(C)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2551/00—Optical elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- B63B17/0018—Arrangements or devices specially adapted for facilitating access to underwater elements, e.g. to propellers ; Externally attached cofferdams or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B19/00—Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
- B63B2019/0007—Ship's windows
- B63B2019/0038—Ship's windows, other than bull's eyes
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of portholes for ships, submarines or any aquatic equipment such as an oil platform having an outer face submerged and an inner face to the air having a field of vision allowing the observation of elements. close to the structure (ship hull, wall of submerged equipment).
- this invention applies to the observation of the propellers of a ship, below the water level, and of the hydraulic flows near the propellers, from inside the structure.
- the windows are flat panes with parallel faces, laminated or not, made of mineral glass and / or of polymer material.
- the minimum viewing angle that can be achieved is limited to 49 ° around the normal to the glazing.
- the accessible solid angle is then only 2.14 sr, ie 34% of the solid angle usually accessible through glazing. We cannot therefore look directly at the hull, wall ... To observe, for example, the hydraulic flows from upstream to downstream of a propeller, it is necessary to multiply the portholes with different positions.
- the object of the invention is to provide a window of an immersed structure to see, from the inside of the structure in the air, outside the structure in the water, at the edge of the structure, so as to considerably reduce the constraints of positioning the window over the entire surface of the structure, and to reduce the number of windows itself, when it is desired to observe in different directions.
- This objective is achieved by the invention which, consequently, relates to a submerged structure window, to see, from the inside of the structure to the air, to the outside of the structure in the water, to the side of the structure, characterized in that the face of the window oriented towards the inside of the structure comprises at least one planar section forming an angle of 20 to 40 ° with respect to the face of the window oriented towards the outside of the structure .
- submerged structure denote here both an at least partially static underwater structure such as an oil platform, wind turbine, and such a mobile structure such as a ship or a submarine.
- this outer face of the window just like each of said flat sections can, independently of one another, be more or less curved.
- the particular angle of each of the facets defining the invention is considered with respect to the section of the outer surface of the window which is opposite this facet, and whether one or the other, or both of this facet and of this section of the outer surface of the window is (are) curved, a mean rectilinear plane or direction is defined corresponding to the curved surface (s), to the arc of a circle or to the arcs of a circle considered, to determine the angle of the planar section with respect to the exterior face of the window.
- the angles of the various interior flat sections relative to the exterior face of the window are different from each other.
- Geometric optics allow these angles to be defined as a function of the position of the window and of the area to be observed.
- a camera can be positioned inside the boat, facing each of the facets to observe a specific part of the external environment of the structure: hull or other wall, propeller, etc.
- the number and inclination of the facets are therefore of course variable and selected on a case-by-case basis.
- said angle is at least equal to 25 on the one hand, at most equal to 35, preferably 30 ° on the other hand.
- the face of the window oriented towards the interior of the structure comprises at least one planar section parallel to the face of the window oriented towards the outside of the structure.
- the window of the invention comprises several said plane sections defining planes whose intersections two by two are straight lines substantially parallel to the face of the window facing outward, and parallel to each other.
- the window of the invention comprises several said flat sections forming an angle of 20 to 40 ° with respect to the face of the window oriented towards the outside of the structure, and conforming to a polyhedron.
- the face of the window oriented towards the inside of the structure may comprise a planar section parallel to the face of the window oriented towards the outside of the structure and forming a truncated face of said polyhedron.
- the window comprises a monolithic glazing consisting of a single transparent sheet of mineral glass such as soda-lime, aluminosilicate, borosilicate, etc., optionally thermally toughened or chemically reinforced, or of a polymer material such as poly (methyl methacrylate) ( PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyurethane (PU), ionomer resin ... and / or a laminated glazing consisting of several such transparent sheets of mineral glass or of polymer material glued two by two by an intermediate adhesive layer of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) ), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) ...
- a monolithic glazing consisting of a single transparent sheet of mineral glass such as soda-lime, aluminosilicate, borosilicate, etc., optionally thermally toughened or chemically reinforced, or of a polymer material such as poly (methyl methacrylate) ( PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyurethane (PU
- At least one of said flat sections is mounted with the face of the window facing outwards from the double-glazed structure with a layer of air or rare gas, for example such as krypton, argon, xenon, in triple glazing. with two blades of air or rare gas for example, or in multiple glazing with three blades of air or rare gas for example, at least.
- the double glazing, respectively the triple glazing, respectively the multiple glazing consists of two, respectively three, respectively at least four monolithic glazing in mineral glass or in polymer material, or laminated consisting of several transparent sheets in mineral glass or in polymer material glued two by two by an intermediate adhesive layer as explained above.
- Two neighboring monolithic or laminated glazing units in the structure of the double, triple or multiple glazing are mounted with a spacing defining an air or rare gas layer, for example.
- each of these air or gas blades can be delimited by two main surfaces, which may or may not be parallel.
- At least one of said flat sections can delimit a monolithic glazing and / or at least one of said flat sections can delimit a laminated glazing and / or at least one of said flat sections can delimit a multiple glazing (including double or triple).
- these three glazing structures can coexist in a window of the invention.
- the porthole is mounted in a frame consisting of a fixed frame with (such as welded to) the mounting structure of the porthole, a recap and screws, the seal between the porthole and the frame being obtained by through a dry or extruded seal.
- Another subject of the invention is the application of a window as described above to a ship or a submarine, in particular as a propeller window, or to any structure or submerged equipment such as this. such as an oil rig, wind turbine, etc.
- observation underwater flush with the porthole assembly structure, from inside it, is carried out under the best conditions.
- FIG. 1 is a partial view of a window of the state of the art, showing its connection to the hull of a boat;
- FIG. 2 is a complete view of the same window showing the optical path of a view from inside the boat to the water outside of it, through the window;
- FIG. 3 shows three portholes identical to that of Figures 1 and 2, distributed over the hull of the boat so as to be able to observe the hydraulic flows from upstream to downstream of the propeller;
- FIG. 4 is a complete view of a porthole according to the invention, in the mounted position on the hull of a boat, showing the optical path of a view from the inside of the boat towards the water outside. the latter, through a flat section or facet of the window;
- FIG. 5 is a view identical to FIG. 4, showing the optical path of a view through each of the three facets of the window;
- FIG. 6 is a distant view including that of Figures 4 and 5 as well as the propeller of the boat;
- FIG. 7 is a complete view of a porthole according to the invention in the mounting position on the hull of a boat, porthole consisting of laminated glazing.
- a window 4 consists of a planar window with parallel faces, monolithic in mineral glass or polymer material, or laminated.
- a frame for mounting the porthole 4 comprises a frame 2 welded to the hull 1 of the boat, a snap 5 and a screw 6, which allow the glazing to be mounted by pinching.
- the seal between the glazing 4 and the frame is ensured by a dry or extruded seal 3.
- the optical path successively passes through the air inside the boat of refractive index 1, the glass of the porthole 4 (monolithic glazing made of soda-lime float mineral glass) of refractive index 1.5 and the water of refractive index 1.3.
- the non-visible zone 7 is relatively large.
- a porthole 4 according to the invention is assumed, for simplicity, to be monolithic in mineral glass, that is to say integral and in one piece, integrally obtained, obtained by any process. adapted: size, polishing ...
- the porthole 4 comprises three facets defining a different angle from each other with respect to the flat face of the porthole 4 oriented towards the water on the outside of the boat.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 it appears how the implementation of the three facets on the inner face of the window 4 makes it possible to observe the propeller and the hydraulic flows on either side of it, from the window unique according to the invention.
- a window 4 consists of three sheets 4 of mineral glass or polymer material such as PMMA bonded two by two by an intermediate adhesive layer 8 of PVB or TPU.
- the intermediate sheet 4 is bevelled so as to constitute the upper facet, while the other two facets are obtained by complex shaping of the sheet 4 shown on the right in the figure.
- one or more inclined face (s) (flat section (s), facet (s)) of the porthole 4 can be mounted in glazing multiple with one or more air or gas layer (s), with the vertical exterior face of the window 4.
- FIGS. 4 to 7 relating to the window of the invention represent an angle variation of said flat sections in two dimensions, that is to say illustrate the first main variant of the window of the invention, in which it comprises several said planar sections defining planes whose intersections two by two are straight lines substantially parallel to the face of the window facing outward, and mutually parallel.
- the plane sections of the window in these figures can be designated from top to bottom by an angle with a positive sign, with respect to the face of the window facing outwards, or from top to bottom + 40 °, + 30 ° , + 20 ° for example, the figures do not necessarily represent these angles exactly.
- a window having a single facet with an angle of + 25 ° provides, for a view from the inside in the air to the outside in the water, a solid angle of 2.46 sr, representing 39% of the angle maximum solid of 2P sr.
- the solid angle of a window with parallel faces is 2.14 sr, or 34%.
- an equivalent view could be obtained by eliminating the top and bottom window, and using above the middle window, a + 25 ° faceted window, without the constraints of positioning of the latter are very high.
- This single-sided + 25 ° window allows the use of two windows instead of three.
- a two-sided window of + 25 ° and 0 ° from top to bottom provides a solid angle of 3.25 sr, or 52%.
- a three-sided window of + 25 °, 0 ° and -25 ° up and down provides a solid angle of 4.35 sr, or 69%.
- the window of the invention comprises several said flat sections forming an angle of 20 to 40 ° with respect to the face of the window oriented towards the outside of the structure, and conforming to a polyhedron.
- the angle variations of said flat sections are here in three dimensions.
- a tetrahedron of three facets at 25 ° and a base in an isosceles triangle parallel to the face of the window oriented towards the exterior of the structure provides a solid angle of 5.33 sr, or 85%.
- the same values are obtained by truncating this tetrahedron, by adding a facet at 0 °.
- a square-based pyramid (half-octahedron) of four facets at 25 ° and a square base parallel to the face of the porthole facing the exterior of the structure, provides a solid angle of 5.89 sr, or 94%. The same values are obtained by truncating this tetrahedron, by adding a facet at 0 °.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1911804A FR3102137B1 (fr) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Hublot subaquatique dont la surface orientée vers l’intérieur de sa structure de montage est à facettes |
| PCT/EP2020/079317 WO2021078668A1 (fr) | 2019-10-22 | 2020-10-19 | Hublot subaquatique dont la surface orientee vers l'interieur de sa structure de montage est a facettes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4048582A1 true EP4048582A1 (fr) | 2022-08-31 |
Family
ID=69810968
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20789636.6A Withdrawn EP4048582A1 (fr) | 2019-10-22 | 2020-10-19 | Hublot subaquatique dont la surface orientee vers l'interieur de sa structure de montage est a facettes |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20220371690A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4048582A1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2020371893A1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3152334A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3102137B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021078668A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56160288A (en) * | 1980-05-15 | 1981-12-09 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Access port construction for propeller inspection in fiber reinforced plastic ship |
| DE3908575A1 (de) * | 1989-03-16 | 1990-09-20 | Laukien Guenther | Unterwasserfahrzeug mit einem passiven optischen beobachtungssystem |
| US6115060A (en) * | 1998-05-11 | 2000-09-05 | Rowley; Steven R. | Thru-hull video camera |
| US20170205540A1 (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2017-07-20 | Danny Austin Doten | Underwater viewing device with handheld faceted vacuum lens |
| WO2018119355A1 (fr) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-06-28 | Kasper David Lee | Véhicule nautique réversible à hublot d'observation |
| KR102065823B1 (ko) * | 2017-08-03 | 2020-01-13 | 한국해양과학기술원 | 직각 프리즘 장치를 이용한 프로펠러 캐비테이션 관찰 방법 |
-
2019
- 2019-10-22 FR FR1911804A patent/FR3102137B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2020
- 2020-10-19 EP EP20789636.6A patent/EP4048582A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-10-19 CA CA3152334A patent/CA3152334A1/fr active Pending
- 2020-10-19 US US17/770,933 patent/US20220371690A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2020-10-19 WO PCT/EP2020/079317 patent/WO2021078668A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2020-10-19 AU AU2020371893A patent/AU2020371893A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA3152334A1 (fr) | 2021-04-29 |
| AU2020371893A1 (en) | 2022-04-21 |
| WO2021078668A1 (fr) | 2021-04-29 |
| US20220371690A1 (en) | 2022-11-24 |
| FR3102137B1 (fr) | 2022-10-21 |
| FR3102137A1 (fr) | 2021-04-23 |
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