EP4041999A1 - Exhaust gas aftertreatment device - Google Patents
Exhaust gas aftertreatment deviceInfo
- Publication number
- EP4041999A1 EP4041999A1 EP20788765.4A EP20788765A EP4041999A1 EP 4041999 A1 EP4041999 A1 EP 4041999A1 EP 20788765 A EP20788765 A EP 20788765A EP 4041999 A1 EP4041999 A1 EP 4041999A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nitrogen oxide
- exhaust gas
- oxide adsorber
- hydrocarbon trap
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9481—Catalyst preceded by an adsorption device without catalytic function for temporary storage of contaminants, e.g. during cold start
- B01D53/9486—Catalyst preceded by an adsorption device without catalytic function for temporary storage of contaminants, e.g. during cold start for storing hydrocarbons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0835—Hydrocarbons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
- B01D2255/91—NOx-storage component incorporated in the catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
- B01D2255/912—HC-storage component incorporated in the catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
- B01D2255/915—Catalyst supported on particulate filters
- B01D2255/9155—Wall flow filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for treating exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, with at least one main catalyst for chemical conversion of at least one exhaust gas component, with a hydrocarbon trap for intermediate storage of hydrocarbons, with a nitrogen oxide adsorber for intermediate storage of nitrogen oxides and with an electrically heatable heating catalyst, the aforementioned Components are arranged within a spatially limited flow path and are flowed through successively.
- HC traps or hydrocarbon traps in the exhaust tract is known for the purpose of exhaust gas aftertreatment.
- the aim of the application is to reduce the amount of hydrocarbons carried in the exhaust gas, in particular unburned fuel.
- HC traps are formed, for example, by a zeolite-coated monolithic catalyst carrier.
- DE 691 27377 T2 discloses the use of an HC trap in the exhaust gas tract and shows in particular possible arrangements of the various components for exhaust gas aftertreatment.
- a particular disadvantage of the devices in the prior art is that the exhaust gas aftertreatment is not optimally solved, since nitrogen oxides in particular cannot be sufficiently removed from the exhaust gas in the different operating scenarios of a motor vehicle. Especially at low temperatures.
- An embodiment of the invention relates to a device for treating exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, with at least one main catalytic converter for the chemical conversion of at least one exhaust gas component, with a carbon trap for the intermediate storage of hydrocarbons, with a nitrogen oxide adsorber for the intermediate storage of nitrogen oxides and with an electrically heatable heating catalyst, the the aforementioned components are arranged within a spatially limited flow path and are flowed through in succession.
- the combination of a hydrocarbon trap with a nitrogen oxide adsorber upstream of a heated catalytic converter is particularly advantageous in order to ensure optimal exhaust gas aftertreatment.
- the hydrocarbon trap is set up to absorb hydrocarbons contained in the exhaust gas and to bind them at least temporarily. This is especially true as long as the exhaust gas temperature is below a certain minimum temperature.
- hydrocarbons can preferably be bound during the cold start, while the exhaust gas temperatures are not yet high enough to ensure that the downstream main catalytic converters function properly.
- the hydrocarbon trap is therefore particularly effective before the so-called light-off temperature is reached, from which the main catalyst is most effective. Determined by the material or, in particular, the coating of the hydrocarbon trap, the hydrocarbons are desorbed again when the light-off temperature is reached and released into the exhaust gas flow.
- the nitrogen oxide adsorber preferably has a coating that differs from the hydrocarbon trap and aims at binding nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas at a low temperature level and desorption at a correspondingly higher temperature level.
- adsorption and desorption are ideally linked to the light-off temperature of the respective main catalytic converter, which is provided for the respective conversion of the exhaust gas component.
- the adsorption temperature, up to which hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides are absorbed, and the desorption temperature, from which the bound hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides are released, can be different for the hydrocarbon trap and the nitrogen oxide adsorber. These temperatures are essentially determined by the selected base material and the coating applied to it.
- the hydrocarbon trap and the nitrogen oxide adsorber are preferably used in an area of low exhaust gas temperature, since they can develop their effect particularly there and thus improve exhaust gas cleaning at overall low temperature levels, preferably below 200 degrees Cel sius.
- the electrically heatable heating catalytic converter is then provided for additional heating of the exhaust gas flow and thus in particular of the following main catalytic converters.
- hydrocarbon trap and the nitrogen oxide adsorber are each designed as a single component and are arranged one after the other in the flow path in the flow direction.
- the use of individual parts and components for the hydrocarbon trap and the nitrogen oxide adsorber are advantageous in order to allow the greatest possible flexibility in terms of placement, structure, choice of material and choice of coating.
- the individual components can thus be adapted particularly well to the respective application.
- a preferred embodiment is characterized in that the hydrocarbon trap and the nitrogen oxide adsorber are designed as a combined component.
- a combined component offers advantages in particular when a construction that is as compact as possible is sought.
- a combined component can, for example, have a common honeycomb body made of a uniform basic material and, according to the desired division, be provided with coatings that form a part acting as a hydrocarbon trap and a part acting as a nitrogen oxide adsorber.
- the nitrogen oxide adsorber is a passive nitrogen oxide adsorber that temporarily stores nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas at a low temperature level, preferably below 200 degrees Celsius, and releases them back into the exhaust gas flow at a higher temperature level.
- a passive nitrogen oxide adsorber is characterized in particular by the fact that it absorbs nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas, stores them temporarily and releases them again at a higher temperature level.
- An active conversion of the nitrogen oxides for example on an SCR catalytic converter, on which a chemical conversion of the nitrogen oxides takes place using ammonia, does not take place here.
- a passive nitrogen oxide adsorber thus supplements the active exhaust gas aftertreatment and thus improves the exhaust gas aftertreatment overall.
- the hydrocarbon trap, the nitrogen oxide adsorber and the electrically heatable heating catalytic converter are each formed by a honeycomb body through which a main flow direction can flow.
- honeycomb bodies made of metal can preferably be used, which are formed by the use of at least partially structured and smooth metal foils, which are stacked on top of one another and wound up.
- appropriately coated ceramic supports can also be used.
- the desorption temperature of the hydrocarbon trap and / or the nitrogen oxide adsorber and the light-off temperature of the main catalyst downstream in the flow direction are identical or the light-off temperature is slightly below the desorption temperature.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an exhaust gas tract connected to an internal combustion engine with a hydrocarbon trap and a nitrogen oxide adsorber
- FIG. 2 shows a further schematic view of an exhaust gas tract connected downstream of an internal combustion engine with a hydrocarbon trap and a nitrogen oxide adsorber.
- FIG. 1 shows an internal combustion engine 1.
- the exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine 1 are directed into the exhaust gas tract 2, which represents a flow path for the exhaust gas.
- a hydrocarbon trap 3 and a nitrogen oxide adsorber 4 are arranged within the flow path 2. These can also be arranged in reverse order.
- an electrically heatable Fleizkatalysator 5 is arranged and then with the reference character 6 at least one main catalyst, which can be, for example, an Oxidationska catalyst or an SCR catalyst.
- FIG. 2 shows a similar structure, which is why the reference characters used are identical.
- the difference to Figure 1 is that the hydrocarbon trap 3 and the nitrogen oxide adsorber 4 are designed in a combination as a common component.
- the sequence of the hydrocarbon trap and the nitrogen oxide adsorber can be reversed.
- the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 in particular do not have a restrictive character and serve to illustrate the inventive concept.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019215631.2A DE102019215631A1 (en) | 2019-10-11 | 2019-10-11 | Device for exhaust aftertreatment |
PCT/EP2020/078123 WO2021069494A1 (en) | 2019-10-11 | 2020-10-07 | Exhaust gas aftertreatment device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4041999A1 true EP4041999A1 (en) | 2022-08-17 |
Family
ID=72801493
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20788765.4A Withdrawn EP4041999A1 (en) | 2019-10-11 | 2020-10-07 | Exhaust gas aftertreatment device |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220235685A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4041999A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2022541348A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20220071271A (en) |
CN (1) | CN114174646A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102019215631A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021069494A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5296198A (en) | 1990-11-09 | 1994-03-22 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Heater and catalytic converter |
JP4178379B2 (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2008-11-12 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
JP4915277B2 (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2012-04-11 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
CN102197203B (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2013-09-18 | 沃尔沃拉斯特瓦格纳公司 | Method and apparatus for cold starting an internal combustion engine |
US8443587B2 (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2013-05-21 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method for exhaust aftertreatment in an internal combustion engine |
JP2011052611A (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2011-03-17 | Toyota Industries Corp | Device for controlling exhaust emission |
US8661790B2 (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2014-03-04 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Electronically heated NOx adsorber catalyst |
DE102014223515A1 (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2015-07-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Exhaust after-treatment device and motor vehicle |
DE102015000955A1 (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2015-07-23 | Cummins Inc. | Systems and methods for reducing NOx and HC emissions |
US20170284250A1 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | IN-EXHAUST ELECTRICAL ELEMENT FOR NOx STORAGE CATALYST AND SCR SYSTEMS |
FR3061742B1 (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2021-04-16 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | DEVICE FOR AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE EXHAUST GASES OF A THERMAL ENGINE |
US10408103B1 (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2019-09-10 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method to power multiple electric heaters with a single power source |
CN109404100B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2020-11-20 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Exhaust purification device, exhaust purification control method and control system thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-10-11 DE DE102019215631.2A patent/DE102019215631A1/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-10-07 KR KR1020227015094A patent/KR20220071271A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2020-10-07 JP JP2022505468A patent/JP2022541348A/en active Pending
- 2020-10-07 CN CN202080052968.2A patent/CN114174646A/en active Pending
- 2020-10-07 WO PCT/EP2020/078123 patent/WO2021069494A1/en unknown
- 2020-10-07 EP EP20788765.4A patent/EP4041999A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2022
- 2022-04-11 US US17/718,103 patent/US20220235685A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102019215631A1 (en) | 2021-04-15 |
WO2021069494A1 (en) | 2021-04-15 |
US20220235685A1 (en) | 2022-07-28 |
JP2022541348A (en) | 2022-09-22 |
KR20220071271A (en) | 2022-05-31 |
CN114174646A (en) | 2022-03-11 |
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