EP4036266A4 - Steel for alloy structure and manufacturing method therefor - Google Patents

Steel for alloy structure and manufacturing method therefor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP4036266A4
EP4036266A4 EP20869967.8A EP20869967A EP4036266A4 EP 4036266 A4 EP4036266 A4 EP 4036266A4 EP 20869967 A EP20869967 A EP 20869967A EP 4036266 A4 EP4036266 A4 EP 4036266A4
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel
manufacturing
method therefor
alloy structure
alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20869967.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4036266A1 (en
Inventor
Hongguang ZHENG
Xiangchun LIU
Junjiang LIU
Ruiyin ZHAI
Genjie WAN
Yangqing XIA
Qingyu Meng
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd filed Critical Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
Publication of EP4036266A1 publication Critical patent/EP4036266A1/en
Publication of EP4036266A4 publication Critical patent/EP4036266A4/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/58—Oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/60—Aqueous agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/02—Hardening by precipitation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/009—Pearlite

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
EP20869967.8A 2019-09-27 2020-09-27 Steel for alloy structure and manufacturing method therefor Pending EP4036266A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910920640.7A CN112575242B (en) 2019-09-27 2019-09-27 Steel for alloy structure and manufacturing method thereof
PCT/CN2020/118043 WO2021057954A1 (en) 2019-09-27 2020-09-27 Steel for alloy structure and manufacturing method therefor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4036266A1 EP4036266A1 (en) 2022-08-03
EP4036266A4 true EP4036266A4 (en) 2023-06-14

Family

ID=75109576

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20869967.8A Pending EP4036266A4 (en) 2019-09-27 2020-09-27 Steel for alloy structure and manufacturing method therefor

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20220349035A1 (en)
EP (1) EP4036266A4 (en)
JP (1) JP7443502B2 (en)
CN (1) CN112575242B (en)
WO (1) WO2021057954A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115874109B (en) * 2021-09-29 2024-07-12 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Alloy cold heading steel and manufacturing method thereof
CN113957338A (en) * 2021-10-09 2022-01-21 南京钢铁股份有限公司 Magnesium-containing 45 steel and preparation process thereof
CN116694980B (en) * 2023-05-24 2024-07-30 广州广钢新材料股份有限公司 Preparation method of spiral shell steel with high tensile strength and bending strength

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU521343A1 (en) * 1974-11-25 1976-07-15 Институт Проблем Литья Ан Украинской Сср Foundry steel
JPH07138697A (en) * 1993-11-12 1995-05-30 Nippon Steel Corp Hypo-eutectoid graphite precipitated steel excellent in fatigue strength and cold workability
JP2003147482A (en) * 2001-11-14 2003-05-21 Nippon Steel Corp Non-heatteated high strength and high toughness forging, and production method therefor
US20090047169A1 (en) * 2006-03-15 2009-02-19 Kab. Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) Rolled material for fracture split connecting rod excelling in fracture splittability, hot forged part for fracture split connecting rod excelling in fracture splittability, and fracture split connecting rod
CN104178691A (en) * 2014-08-22 2014-12-03 首钢总公司 High-strength steel for metallurgical saw blades and heat treatment method thereof
CN105803308A (en) * 2016-03-19 2016-07-27 上海大学 Magnesium and calcium-containing 45MnVS free machining quenched and tempered steel and manufacturing method thereof

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58164721A (en) * 1982-03-24 1983-09-29 Kobe Steel Ltd Manufacture of structural steel with high toughness and strength
JPS6123715A (en) * 1984-07-10 1986-02-01 Nippon Steel Corp Manufacture of high tensile and high toughness steel sheet
GB2287956B (en) * 1994-03-31 1998-02-04 Daewoo Heavy Ind Co Ltd Thermal refiningless hot-rolled steel and method of making same
JP2000219936A (en) * 1999-02-01 2000-08-08 Daido Steel Co Ltd Free-cutting steel
JP4031607B2 (en) 2000-04-05 2008-01-09 新日本製鐵株式会社 Machine structural steel with reduced grain coarsening
JP2007314819A (en) * 2006-05-23 2007-12-06 Kobe Steel Ltd Steel sheet having excellent fatigue crack propagation resistance
RU2459883C2 (en) 2007-10-30 2012-08-27 Сумитомо Метал Индастриз, Лтд. High-expandability steel tube and method of its production
JP5892147B2 (en) 2013-03-29 2016-03-23 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 High strength hot rolled steel sheet and method for producing the same
CN107075625B (en) 2014-10-16 2019-07-09 日本制铁株式会社 High carbon steel sheet and its manufacturing method
WO2016079978A1 (en) * 2014-11-18 2016-05-26 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Thick, high toughness, high tension steel sheet with excellent material uniformity and manufacturing method therefor
ES2769275T3 (en) * 2015-05-26 2020-06-25 Nippon Steel Corp Sheet steel and procedure for its manufacture
JP6855678B2 (en) * 2016-02-18 2021-04-07 日本製鉄株式会社 Steel sheet manufacturing method
CN108495943B (en) * 2016-03-25 2021-05-28 日本制铁株式会社 High-strength steel sheet and high-strength galvanized steel sheet
CN109477173A (en) * 2016-07-11 2019-03-15 新日铁住金株式会社 Anticorrosion stress-resistant anti-thread breakage excellent boiler electric-resistance-welded steel pipe and its manufacturing method
JP6648646B2 (en) 2016-07-20 2020-02-14 日本製鉄株式会社 Low alloy steel material, low alloy steel pipe and container, and method of manufacturing the container
CN106834931B (en) 2017-03-28 2019-05-14 宁波禾顺新材料有限公司 A kind of hot die steel of thermal fatigue resistance and preparation method thereof
CN107312908A (en) * 2017-07-06 2017-11-03 北京科技大学 Improve the metallurgical method of MnS inclusion morphologies in a kind of non-hardened and tempered steel

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU521343A1 (en) * 1974-11-25 1976-07-15 Институт Проблем Литья Ан Украинской Сср Foundry steel
JPH07138697A (en) * 1993-11-12 1995-05-30 Nippon Steel Corp Hypo-eutectoid graphite precipitated steel excellent in fatigue strength and cold workability
JP2003147482A (en) * 2001-11-14 2003-05-21 Nippon Steel Corp Non-heatteated high strength and high toughness forging, and production method therefor
US20090047169A1 (en) * 2006-03-15 2009-02-19 Kab. Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) Rolled material for fracture split connecting rod excelling in fracture splittability, hot forged part for fracture split connecting rod excelling in fracture splittability, and fracture split connecting rod
CN104178691A (en) * 2014-08-22 2014-12-03 首钢总公司 High-strength steel for metallurgical saw blades and heat treatment method thereof
CN105803308A (en) * 2016-03-19 2016-07-27 上海大学 Magnesium and calcium-containing 45MnVS free machining quenched and tempered steel and manufacturing method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO2021057954A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP7443502B2 (en) 2024-03-05
EP4036266A1 (en) 2022-08-03
WO2021057954A9 (en) 2022-04-14
CN112575242A (en) 2021-03-30
CN112575242B (en) 2022-06-24
US20220349035A1 (en) 2022-11-03
JP2022550358A (en) 2022-12-01
KR20220054862A (en) 2022-05-03
WO2021057954A1 (en) 2021-04-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3901328A4 (en) Alloy coated steel sheet and method for manufacturing same
EP4089198A4 (en) Yield-ratio-controlled steel and manufacturing method therefor
EP3786310A4 (en) Steel member and method for producing same
EP3772544A4 (en) Method for manufacturing super-refractory nickel-based alloy and super-refractory nickel-based alloy
EP3828293A4 (en) Corrosion-resistant mirror die steel and manufacturing method therefor
EP3950984A4 (en) Ni-based super-heat-resistant alloy and method for manufacturing ni-based super-heat-resistant alloy
EP3967779A4 (en) Steel sheet and method for manufacturing same
EP4036266A4 (en) Steel for alloy structure and manufacturing method therefor
EP3915706A4 (en) Method for manufacturing heterometallic assembly and heterometallic assembly
EP3926057A4 (en) High-mn steel and method for manufacturing same
EP4012055A4 (en) High-strength thin steel sheet and method for manufacturing same
EP4043596A4 (en) Steel sheet and method for manufacturing same
EP3910083A4 (en) Steel sheet and method for manufacturing same
EP3974551A4 (en) Tial alloy and production method therefor
EP4074849A4 (en) Free-cutting copper alloy and method for manufacturing free-cutting copper alloy
EP3954790A4 (en) Steel sheet and method for manufacturing same
EP3950999A4 (en) Clad steel plate and method for manufacturing same
EP3831973A4 (en) High-mn steel and method for producing same
EP4033000A4 (en) Martensitic steel strip and manufacturing method therefor
EP3932576A4 (en) Metal tube and manufacturing method for metal tube
EP3947757A4 (en) Method and device for producing direct reduced metal
EP3910082A4 (en) Steel plate and manufacturing method thereof
EP3974082A4 (en) Tial alloy and production method therefor
EP4053138A4 (en) Amino-imine metal complex and preparation method therefor and application thereof
EP4079881A4 (en) Steel sheet and method for manufacturing same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20220328

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 20230517

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: C21D 1/60 20060101ALI20230511BHEP

Ipc: C21D 1/58 20060101ALI20230511BHEP

Ipc: C21D 1/18 20060101ALI20230511BHEP

Ipc: C21D 6/02 20060101ALI20230511BHEP

Ipc: C21D 6/00 20060101ALI20230511BHEP

Ipc: C21D 8/00 20060101ALI20230511BHEP

Ipc: C22C 38/00 20060101ALI20230511BHEP

Ipc: C22C 38/06 20060101ALI20230511BHEP

Ipc: C22C 38/14 20060101ALI20230511BHEP

Ipc: C22C 38/12 20060101ALI20230511BHEP

Ipc: C22C 38/02 20060101ALI20230511BHEP

Ipc: C22C 38/04 20060101AFI20230511BHEP