EP4012002A1 - Hybrid solvent-borne polyurethane adhesives - Google Patents
Hybrid solvent-borne polyurethane adhesives Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4012002A1 EP4012002A1 EP20212819.5A EP20212819A EP4012002A1 EP 4012002 A1 EP4012002 A1 EP 4012002A1 EP 20212819 A EP20212819 A EP 20212819A EP 4012002 A1 EP4012002 A1 EP 4012002A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- polyurethane polymer
- polyurethane
- weight
- dispersion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003880 polar aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 79
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 aliphatic isocyanate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003009 polyurethane dispersion Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 13
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- DFPJRUKWEPYFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diisocyanatopentane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCN=C=O DFPJRUKWEPYFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJMDLNIAGSYXLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-iminooxadiazine-4,5-dione Chemical class N=C1ON=NC(=O)C1=O PJMDLNIAGSYXLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004836 Glue Stick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical group OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;prop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N NTXGQCSETZTARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004427 diamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012972 dimethylethanolamine Substances 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-2-one Chemical compound CCCC(C)=O XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007793 ph indicator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001485 poly(butyl acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003226 polyurethane urea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- VRRABDXZDGRGPC-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].NCCNCCS([O-])(=O)=O VRRABDXZDGRGPC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940086542 triethylamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/02—Polyureas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09J175/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2475/00—Presence of polyurethane
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an adhesive composition comprising a polyurethane polymer, a solvent and water.
- the invention further relates to a method of manufacturing an adhesive composition, a method of adhering two surfaces and to the use of a mixture of a solvent and a co-solvent for dissolving a thermoplastic polyurethane polymer.
- High molecular weight contact- and/or heat activated solvent-borne polyurethane adhesives and solvent-borne coatings are still widely in use in the DIY, footwear, wood, textile, construction and automotive sector. Their main advantage is their good compatibility with a wide range of substrates. Polyurethane solvent-borne adhesives are typically applied evenly onto both substrates which are to be bonded. A main feature of these adhesive is their ability to provide high initial bond strengths directly after contacting the substrates under pressure. They are further known for their good mechanical properties such as high tensile strength and elongation as well as their elasticity and tough bond lines.
- the polyurethane polymers which serve as a basis for high molecular weight solvent-borne polyurethane adhesives are mainly produced using a solution polymerization process.
- the most common solvent for this process is still toluene, which is difficult to extract entirely from the polyurethane polymer typically supplied as a dry pellet. Therefore, solvent formulations of these high molecular weight polymers often still employ toluene as a co-solvent. Since the solubility of such materials in common solvents at ambient temperatures of e.g. 20 °C is rather low, typically solid contents of only 10-15 weight-% of polymer can be achieved.
- polyurethane polymers for high molecular weight solvent-borne coatings are typically produced in solvents as well.
- Common fields of use for these coatings are wood and textile coatings.
- solvent systems for polyurethanes can be based on ketones such as acetone or methylethyl ketone (MEK).
- Mixed solvent systems can include MEK and an alcohol.
- GB 1527596 A discloses a method of thickening a solution of a film-forming polymer material in a solvent of dielectric constant in the range of 5,0 to 50,0, comprising mixing with said solution at a temperature above room temperature, an alkali metal salt of a C 8-36 fatty acid and allowing the mixture to cool without substantial agitation.
- a composition with the ingredients: 20 weight-% of a linear linked polyurethane, 10 weight-% of the alkylphenol resin Alresen PA104, 40 weight-% of methylethyl ketone, 29,7 weight-% of ethanol and 0,3 weight-% of sodium stearate.
- EP 0024864 A1 relates to a synthetic-rubber-based solvent adhesive for use in glue-sticks
- the adhesive comprises a solution of: (a) a linear branched-chain polyurethane rubber, (b) a carboxylated butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, containing at least 50% butadiene by weight, and (c) the reaction product of sorbitol and benzaldehyde in a non-aqueous solvent system.
- the solvent system may comprise at least-one polar solvent selected from iso-butanol, diacetone alcohol and 2-methoxyethanol and a second solvent selected from methylethyl ketone, ethyl acetone and toluene.
- the present invention has the object of providing a polyurethane solvent-based adhesive composition with good wetting behavior on polymeric substrates, good adhesive strength and a lower VOC content compared to conventional solvent-borne adhesive compositions.
- an adhesive composition according to claim 1 A method of manufacturing an adhesive composition is the subject of claim 9 and a method of adhering two surfaces is the subject of claim 14.
- Claim 15 relates to the use of a mixture of a solvent and a co-solvent for suspending a thermoplastic polyurethane polymer.
- Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims. They may be combined freely unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
- an adhesive composition comprising a polyurethane polymer, a solvent and a co-solvent
- the polyurethane polymer is an internally and/or externally hydrophilized thermoplastic polyurethane having a mass average molecular weight Mw, as determined by gel permeation chromatography against polystyrene standards using N,N-dimethyl acetamide as the eluent, of ⁇ 50000 g/mol
- the solvent is a polar-aprotic solvent
- the co-solvent is water
- the polyurethane polymer, the solvent and the co-solvent are present in such amounts that they form a dispersion
- the polyurethane polymer content is ⁇ 10 weight-%, based on the total weight of the composition.
- the polyurethane polymer preferably comprises structural units derived from an aliphatic diisocyanate and/or structural units derived from a polyester diol.
- Linear polyester polyurethanes may be produced produced by reaction of a) polyester diols having a molecular weight above 600 g/mol and optionally b) diols in the molecular weight range of 62 to 600 g/mol as chain extenders with c) aliphatic diisocyanates, while observing an equivalent ratio of hydroxyl groups of components a) and b) to isocyanate groups of component c) of 1:0.9 to 1:0.999, wherein component a) consists to an extent of at least 80% by weight of polyester diols in the molecular weight range of 1500 to 3000 based on (i) adipic acid and (ii) 1,4-dihydroxybutane and/or neopentyl glycol.
- component c) comprises isophorone diisocyanate and also hexamethylene diisocyanate.
- alkanediols b) are selected from the group consisting of: 1,2-dihydroxyethane, 1,3-dihydroxypropane, 1,4-dihydroxybutane, 1,5-dihydroxypentane, 1,6-dihydroxyhexane or a combination of at least two of these in an amount of up to 200 hydroxyl equivalent percent based on component a).
- the polyurethanes may also comprise urea groups and therefore also be regarded as polyurethane/polyurea compounds.
- the polyurethanes may be of the crystallizing type, i.e. they at least partially crystallize after drying of the dispersion.
- the crystallizing temperature of the polyurethane material as determined by DSC at a cooling rate of 20 K/min may be 20 °C or greater, preferably 40 °C or greater.
- Suitable polar-aprotic solvents include ketones such as methylethyl ketone or acetone, ethers such as tetrahydrofurane, carbonates such as dimethyl carbonate and esters such as ethyl acetate. If mixtures of polar-aprotic solvents are used, these mixtures are also referred to as "the solvent" in the context of the present invention.
- thermoplastic polyurethanes are understood to be those thermoplastic polyurethanes which comprise, via a chemical bond, ionic groups and/or non-ionic hydrophilic groups.
- the ionic groups may be either cationic or anionic in nature.
- Compounds that act as cationic, anionic or non-ionic hydrophilizers include those which comprise, for example, sulphonium, ammonium, phosphonium, carboxylate, sulphonate or phosphonate groups or groups which can be converted by salt formation to the aforementioned groups (potentially ionic groups) or polyether groups, and for example can be incorporated into the polyurethanes via isocyanate-reactive groups present.
- the neutralizing agents required for salt formation may be added to the salt-forming groups either in a stoichiometric ratio or in excess.
- organic bases such as tertiary amines or inorganic bases such as alkali metal hydroxides or ammonia are added.
- tertiary amines such as triethyl amine, triethanol amine or dimethylethanol amine.
- Preferred suitable isocyanate-reactive groups are hydroxyl and amine groups.
- Preferred non-ionic hydrophilizers are polyoxyalkylene ethers containing at least one hydroxyl or amino group. These polyethers may contain a proportion of 30% by weight to 100% by weight of units derived from ethylene oxide.
- thermoplastic polyurethanes are understood to be thermoplastic polyurethanes which have been combined with emulsifiers.
- ionic emulsifiers such as alkali metal and ammonium salts of fatty acids or of aryl(alkyl) sulphonic acids and non-ionic emulsifiers, for example ethoxylated alkyl benzenes with an average molecular weight of 500 g/mol to 10000 g/mol are suitable.
- suitable emulsifiers are AB and ABA block copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(butyl acrylate) or polyethers that have been started on lauryl alcohol.
- the emulsifiers migrate from the thermoplastic polyurethane material into the solvent and/or co-solvent.
- Combinations of an internally hydrophilized thermoplastic polyurethane and external emulsifiers are also possible.
- the polyurethane polymer, the solvent and the co-solvent are present in such amounts that they form a dispersion.
- the discontinuous phase of the dispersion can comprise the polymer and, depending on the solvent and co-solvent system used, solvent and/or co-solvent as well.
- the continuous phase of the dispersion can comprise the solvent and/or the co-solvent.
- literature data indicates a homogenous mixture of MEK and water at 20 °C with 11% (mass/mass) of water in MEK. Increasing the proportion of water leads to an increasing phase separation leading to a dispersion of the water phase in solvent.
- the assessment of whether a dispersion is formed can be performed by visual inspection with the naked eye. If the composition is milky or turbid, there is a dispersion. On the other hand, if the composition is clear, then there is no dispersion present. Unless specified otherwise, the assessment of the presence of a dispersion is performed at 20 °C.
- the weight ratio of solvent to co-solvent may be in a range of ⁇ 1:1 to ⁇ 4:1. Preferred is a range of ⁇ 2:1 to ⁇ 3:1.
- f number of OH groups per molecule
- M OH molar mass of OH (17 g/mol)
- M protic co solvent molar mass of protic co solvent (g/mol).
- the polyurethane polymer content is ⁇ 10 weight-%, based on the total weight of the composition. Preferred is a content of ⁇ 15 weight-% to ⁇ 50 weight-% and more preferred ⁇ 20 weight-% to ⁇ 40 weight-%.
- composition according to the invention can be formulated as a 2-component (2K) adhesive by adding a cross-linker.
- the cross-linker itself can be internally or externally hydrophilized or even used without hydrophilization.
- the composition further comprises an aliphatic isocyanate cross-linker.
- Suitable aliphatic isocyanate cross-linkers include isocyanate-functional isocyanurates, uretdiones, allophanates, iminooxadiazinediones, urethanes and urea of pentamethylene diisocyanate (PDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and H 12 -MDI as well as the aforementioned diisocyanates themselves, preferred with an isocyanate (NCO) content of the cross-linker of ⁇ 3 weight-%, preferred ⁇ 5 weight-% and more preferred ⁇ 10 weight-%.
- PDI pentamethylene diisocyanate
- HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
- IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
- H 12 -MDI isophorone diisocyanate
- NCO isocyanate
- the isocyanate content of the full formulation including isocyanates is preferred ⁇ 0,1 %, more preferred ⁇ 0,15 % and most preferred ⁇ 0,2%.
- the composition has a viscosity, as determined by rotational viscosity according to DIN EN ISO 3219 at 23 °C and 30 rpm of ⁇ 10000 mPa s.
- a viscosity as determined by rotational viscosity according to DIN EN ISO 3219 at 23 °C and 30 rpm of ⁇ 10000 mPa s.
- Preferred are viscosities from ⁇ 10 mPa s to ⁇ 10000 mPa s, more preferred ⁇ 50 mPa s to ⁇ 5000 mPa s and most preferred ⁇ 300 mPa s to ⁇ 3000 mPa s.
- the viscosity of the formulation is advantageous for good application properties by e.g. brush, spray or roller application.
- the polyurethane polymer has a storage modulus G', measured using a plate/plate oscillation viscosimeter according to ISO 6721-10 at 100 °C and an angular frequency of 1/s, of ⁇ 4 kPa.
- G' storage modulus
- Preferred are storage moduli of ⁇ 4 kPa to ⁇ 1000 kPa, more preferred ⁇ 50 kPa to ⁇ 800 kPa and most preferred ⁇ 75 kPa to ⁇ 600 kPa.
- the storage modulus of the polyurethane polymer contributes to the adhesive properties such as tack and initial bonding strength after drying of the solvent.
- a too low modulus implicates a too low initial bond strength, whereas a too high modulus implicates insufficient wetting of the desired substrate and the need for a higher pressure during the bonding process which may destroy the substrates.
- the polyurethane polymer comprises urea groups.
- the solvent/co-solvent combination of the invention can effectively break up interactions between urea groups of neighboring polymer chains, thereby dissolving the polyurethanes.
- Urea groups can be incorporated into the polyurethane by reaction of free NCO groups with water, followed by decarboxylation. This can occur during the production of aqueous polyurethane dispersions.
- urea groups in the polyurethane are reacting free NCO groups with diamine chain extenders, monoamine chain terminators and/or amino-functional internal hydrophilizers such as sodium 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethane sulphonate (AAS salt).
- AAS salt sodium 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethane sulphonate
- urea groups in the polyurethane polymer can be detected by infrared (IR) spectroscopy.
- IR infrared
- the following absorption ranges are of interest: 1680-1620 cm -1 and 1584-1545 cm -1 .
- the polyurethane has a ratio of IR absorption in the ranges of 3040-2770 cm -1 (asymmetric CH 2 , CH 3 stretching vibration) to 1680-1620 cm -1 of ⁇ 1,5 to ⁇ 4. Additionally or alternatively, the polyurethane has a ratio of IR absorption in the ranges of 3040-2770 cm -1 to 1584-1545 cm -1 of ⁇ 5 to ⁇ 10. Additionally or alternatively, the polyurethane has a ratio of IR absorption in the range of 3040-2770 cm -1 to the sum of the IR absorption in the ranges of 1680-1620 cm -1 and 1584-1545 cm -1 of ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 3.
- the polyurethane polymer has been isolated from an aqueous polyurethane dispersion.
- This has the advantage that the hydrophilization and the urea groups in the polymer are provided automatically.
- the isolation of the polymer can be achieved by freezing the dispersion which results in the coagulation of the polyurethane to macroscopic particles. These particles can be filtered and dried to yield the isolated polyurethane polymer.
- the solvent comprises methylethyl ketone or a mixture of methylethyl ketone and acetone.
- the weight ratio of MEK to water may be in a range of ⁇ 1:1 to ⁇ 4:1. Preferred is a range of ⁇ 2:1 to ⁇ 3:1. In mixtures of MEK and acetone, their weight ratio is preferably in a range of ⁇ 1:1 to ⁇ 3:1.
- the weight ratio of an MEK/acetone mixture to water may be in a range of ⁇ 1:1 to ⁇ 4:1. Preferred is a range of ⁇ 1,1:1 to ⁇ 3:1.
- compositions according to the invention have a pH range of 4,5 to 9,5, more preferred between 5 to 9, most preferred 6-8,5.
- suitable acids such as e.g. hydrochloric acid, bases such as e.g. amines or buffer solutions such as phosphate buffers can be used in order to adjust the pH according to the desired range.
- the solvent is present in an amount of ⁇ 70 weight-%, based on the total weight of the composition.
- the solvent is present in an amount of ⁇ 60 weight-% and more preferred ⁇ 50 weight-%, thus contributing to the increasing efforts from industry to reduce volatile organic compound (VOC) contents in their production.
- VOC volatile organic compound
- a further aspect of the invention is a method of manufacturing an adhesive composition
- a polyurethane polymer in a solvent and a co-solvent
- the polyurethane polymer is an internally and/or externally hydrophilized thermoplastic polyurethane having a mass average molecular weight Mw, as determined by gel permeation chromatography against polystyrene standards using N,N-dimethyl acetamide as the eluent, of ⁇ 50000 g/mol (preferably ⁇ 50000 g/mol to ⁇ 350000 g/mol)
- the solvent is a polar-aprotic solvent
- the co-solvent is water
- the polyurethane polymer the solvent and the co-solvent are present in such amounts that they form a dispersion
- the polyurethane polymer content is ⁇ 10 weight-%, based on the total weight of the composition.
- the method further comprises adding an aliphatic isocyanate cross-linker.
- an aliphatic isocyanate cross-linker for details reference is made to the description of the composition according to the invention. These details apply here as well and will not be repeated in the interest of brevity.
- the polyurethane polymer comprises urea groups.
- urea groups For details reference is made to the description of the composition according to the invention. These details apply here as well and will not be repeated in the interest of brevity.
- the polyurethane polymer comprises structural units derived from an aliphatic diisocyanate and/or structural units derived from a polyester diol.
- polyurethane polymer has been isolated from an aqueous polyurethane dispersion prior to it being provided.
- aqueous polyurethane dispersion for details reference is made to the description of the composition according to the invention. These details apply here as well and will not be repeated in the interest of brevity.
- the solvent comprises methylethyl ketone or a mixture of methylethyl ketone and acetone.
- the weight ratio of MEK to water may be in a range of ⁇ 1:1 to ⁇ 4:1. Preferred is a range of ⁇ 2:1 to ⁇ 3:1. In mixtures of MEK and acetone, their weight ratio is preferably in a range of ⁇ 1:1 to ⁇ 2:1.
- the weight ratio of an MEK/acetone mixture to water may be in a range of ⁇ 1:1 to ⁇ 4:1. Preferred is a range of ⁇ 1,1:1 to ⁇ 3:1.
- a further aspect of the invention is a method of adhering two surfaces, comprising contacting at least one surface with an adhesive composition according to the invention and joining the surfaces.
- a further aspect of the invention is the use of a mixture of a solvent and a co-solvent for dispersing a thermoplastic polyurethane polymer, wherein the polyurethane polymer is an internally and/or externally hydrophilized thermoplastic polyurethane having a mass average molecular weight Mw, as determined by gel permeation chromatography against polystyrene standards using N,N-dimethyl acetamide as the eluent, of ⁇ 50000 g/mol (preferably ⁇ 50000 g/mol to ⁇ 350000 g/mol), the solvent is a polar-aprotic solvent, the co-solvent is water and the polyurethane polymer, the solvent and co-solvent are present in such amounts that they form a dispersion.
- Mw mass average molecular weight Mw
- the polyurethane polymer content in the dispersion may be ⁇ 10 weight-%, based on the total weight of the dispersion. Preferred is a content of ⁇ 15 weight-% to ⁇ 50 weight-% and more preferred ⁇ 20 weight-% to ⁇ 40 weight-%.
- the solvent comprises methylethyl ketone or a mixture of methylethyl ketone and acetone.
- the room temperature (RT) was 23 °C. Unless noted otherwise, all percentages are weight percentages based on the total weight.
- Viscosities were measured as rotational viscosities according to DIN EN ISO 3219 on a Brookfield viscosimeter at 30 rpm with a LV 1 to 4 spindle depending on expected viscosity. For samples that formed gels a notional viscosity of > 50000 mPas was postulated.
- the storage modulus (G') was measured using a plate/plate oscillation viscosimeter according to ISO 6721-10 at 100 °C and an angular frequency of 1/s.
- the mass average molecular weight Mw was determined by size exclusion gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) at 60°C as eluent. Analysis was carried out on a SECurity GPC-System from PSS Polymer Service at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, columns PSS GRAM with an RID detector. Samples of polystyrene with known molecular mass were used for calibration.
- the pH value of the formulations was evaluated by universal pH indicator strips from Fisher Scientific.
- Stability tests were carried out by freezing the formulated mixtures (25 mL in a 100 mL Schott glass container) for 60 minutes at -18 °C and subsequent thawing and shaking (1 min by hand) of the formulated mixtures. Thawed samples were classified as stable, if no coagulation was observed.
- Wetting behavior was determined by visual examination after applying the samples on PVC strips (containing 30% softener) and PP substrates by a doctor blade (50 ⁇ m wet). Wetting behavior was classified after 10 seconds as excellent (1): 100% to 90% of coated substrate area covered and no island formation was observed; acceptable (2): 80 to 90% of coated substrate area covered and no island formation was observed and poor (3): less than 80% of coated substrate area covered and /or the formation of islands was observed.
- Polyester polyurethane polymers
- Polymer A was an aliphatic, crystallizing polyester urethane/urea, supplied as a solid powder for adhesive applications with a glass transition temperature of the polymer (DSC, 20 K/min) of -50 °C, a melting temperature of the polymer (DSC, 20 K/min) of 49 °C, and a storage modulus at 100 °C of 207 kPa and a Mw of 144620 g/mol.
- Polymer A was hydrophilized internally and externally.
- Dispersion A was a commercially available aqueous dispersion of polymer A for adhesive applications with a solids content of ca. 50 weight-%.
- Polymer A was produced from dispersion A by a 3 step process: 1) Freezing of 1 liter of dispersion A in a 1 liter plastic container at -18°C for 48 h and thawing at room temperature for 24 h. 2) Filtration of the obtained suspension of a white polymer crumb in water, thereby obtaining a solid material with a water content ⁇ 20%. 3) Drying of the wet crumb in vacuum at a temperature ⁇ 40 °C to a water content of ⁇ 0,5%.
- Polymer B was an aliphatic, crystallizing polyester urethane/urea solid powder for adhesive applications with a glass transition temperature of the polymer (DSC, 20 K/min) of -51 °C, a melting temperature of the polymer (DSC, 20 K/min) of 49 °C, and a storage modulus at 100 °C of 77,4 kPa and a Mw of 91895 g/mol.
- Polymer B was hydrophilized internally and externally.
- Dispersion B was a commercially available aqueous dispersion of polymer B for adhesive applications with a solids content of ca. 50 weight-%. Polymer B was produced from dispersion B in the same manner as described in connection with polymer A/dispersion A.
- Polymer D was an aliphatic, crystallizing polyester urethane/urea solid powder for adhesive applications with a glass transition temperature of the polymer (DSC, 20 K/min) of -51 °C, a melting temperature of the polymer (DSC, 20 K/min) of 49 °C ,and a storage modulus at 100 °C of 503 kPa and a Mw of about 341210 g/mol.
- Polymer D was hydrophilized internally and externally.
- Dispersion D was a commercially available aqueous dispersion of polymer D for adhesive applications with a solids content of ca. 50 weight-%. Polymer D was produced from dispersion D in the same manner as described in connection with polymer A/dispersion A.
- Hybrid solvent compositions were prepared according to the table below. Examples according to the invention are denoted with an asterisk (*).
- Hybrid solvent-borne 1K adhesive formulations were prepared according to procedures a), b) or c):
- the hybrid adhesive compositions according to the invention display a better wetting behavior on low energy surfaces such as PVC and PP as compared to purely water-borne systems.
- the adhesive composition was prepared starting from dry polyurethane material then this has the additional advantage of a longer storage stability of the material.
- the liquid compositions can be prepared in the desired amount only and immediately prior to the application of the adhesive.
- VOC volatile organic content
- Adhesion tests were performed on 12 ⁇ 2 cm PVC test strips with a plasticizer load of 30% using samples according to comparative examples 1, 2, 15, 16, 17 and according to all inventive samples.
- the adhesive samples were brushed onto an 8 cm long section of each substrate amounting with a view to achieving a solid adhesive layer after drying of ca. 0,1 mm.
- the strips were dried after their application in an hot air oven at 65 °C until the solvent and water had fully evaporated.
- Two still warm strips, each having been treated with the same adhesive composition, were pressed together for 60 seconds at a pressure of 4 bar.
- the joined strips were stored for 7 days at 23 °C and 50% humidity and then subjected to a 180° peel test at 20 mm/s.
Abstract
An adhesive composition comprises a polyurethane polymer, a solvent and a co-solvent, wherein the polyurethane polymer is an internally and/or externally hydrophilized thermoplastic polyurethane having a mass average molecular weight Mw, as determined by gel permeation chromatography against polystyrene standards using N,N-dimethyl acetamide as the eluent, of ≥ 50000 g/mol, the solvent is a polar-aprotic solvent such as MEK and the co-solvent is water.The polyurethane polymer, the solvent and the co-solvent are present in such amounts that they form a dispersion.The polyurethane polymer content is ≥ 10 weight-%, based on the total weight of the composition.
Description
- The present invention relates to an adhesive composition comprising a polyurethane polymer, a solvent and water. The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing an adhesive composition, a method of adhering two surfaces and to the use of a mixture of a solvent and a co-solvent for dissolving a thermoplastic polyurethane polymer.
- High molecular weight contact- and/or heat activated solvent-borne polyurethane adhesives and solvent-borne coatings are still widely in use in the DIY, footwear, wood, textile, construction and automotive sector. Their main advantage is their good compatibility with a wide range of substrates. Polyurethane solvent-borne adhesives are typically applied evenly onto both substrates which are to be bonded. A main feature of these adhesive is their ability to provide high initial bond strengths directly after contacting the substrates under pressure. They are further known for their good mechanical properties such as high tensile strength and elongation as well as their elasticity and tough bond lines.
- The polyurethane polymers which serve as a basis for high molecular weight solvent-borne polyurethane adhesives are mainly produced using a solution polymerization process. The most common solvent for this process is still toluene, which is difficult to extract entirely from the polyurethane polymer typically supplied as a dry pellet. Therefore, solvent formulations of these high molecular weight polymers often still employ toluene as a co-solvent. Since the solubility of such materials in common solvents at ambient temperatures of e.g. 20 °C is rather low, typically solid contents of only 10-15 weight-% of polymer can be achieved.
- Similarly, polyurethane polymers for high molecular weight solvent-borne coatings are typically produced in solvents as well. Common fields of use for these coatings are wood and textile coatings.
- Other solvent systems for polyurethanes can be based on ketones such as acetone or methylethyl ketone (MEK). Mixed solvent systems can include MEK and an alcohol. In combination with thickening agents adhesive formulations which are highly viscous or solid at room temperature are described in the prior art.
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GB 1527596 A -
EP 0024864 A1 relates to a synthetic-rubber-based solvent adhesive for use in glue-sticks where the adhesive comprises a solution of: (a) a linear branched-chain polyurethane rubber, (b) a carboxylated butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, containing at least 50% butadiene by weight, and (c) the reaction product of sorbitol and benzaldehyde in a non-aqueous solvent system. The solvent system may comprise at least-one polar solvent selected from iso-butanol, diacetone alcohol and 2-methoxyethanol and a second solvent selected from methylethyl ketone, ethyl acetone and toluene. - The present invention has the object of providing a polyurethane solvent-based adhesive composition with good wetting behavior on polymeric substrates, good adhesive strength and a lower VOC content compared to conventional solvent-borne adhesive compositions.
- This object is achieved by an adhesive composition according to claim 1. A method of manufacturing an adhesive composition is the subject of claim 9 and a method of adhering two surfaces is the subject of claim 14. Claim 15 relates to the use of a mixture of a solvent and a co-solvent for suspending a thermoplastic polyurethane polymer. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims. They may be combined freely unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
- Accordingly, an adhesive composition comprising a polyurethane polymer, a solvent and a co-solvent is provided wherein the polyurethane polymer is an internally and/or externally hydrophilized thermoplastic polyurethane having a mass average molecular weight Mw, as determined by gel permeation chromatography against polystyrene standards using N,N-dimethyl acetamide as the eluent, of ≥ 50000 g/mol, the solvent is a polar-aprotic solvent, the co-solvent is water, the polyurethane polymer, the solvent and the co-solvent are present in such amounts that they form a dispersion and the polyurethane polymer content is ≥ 10 weight-%, based on the total weight of the composition.
- The polyurethane polymer preferably comprises structural units derived from an aliphatic diisocyanate and/or structural units derived from a polyester diol. Linear polyester polyurethanes may be produced produced by reaction of a) polyester diols having a molecular weight above 600 g/mol and optionally b) diols in the molecular weight range of 62 to 600 g/mol as chain extenders with c) aliphatic diisocyanates, while observing an equivalent ratio of hydroxyl groups of components a) and b) to isocyanate groups of component c) of 1:0.9 to 1:0.999, wherein component a) consists to an extent of at least 80% by weight of polyester diols in the molecular weight range of 1500 to 3000 based on (i) adipic acid and (ii) 1,4-dihydroxybutane and/or neopentyl glycol.
- It is further preferred that component c) comprises isophorone diisocyanate and also hexamethylene diisocyanate. It is also preferred that the alkanediols b) are selected from the group consisting of: 1,2-dihydroxyethane, 1,3-dihydroxypropane, 1,4-dihydroxybutane, 1,5-dihydroxypentane, 1,6-dihydroxyhexane or a combination of at least two of these in an amount of up to 200 hydroxyl equivalent percent based on component a).
- The polyurethanes may also comprise urea groups and therefore also be regarded as polyurethane/polyurea compounds.
- The polyurethanes may be of the crystallizing type, i.e. they at least partially crystallize after drying of the dispersion. The crystallizing temperature of the polyurethane material, as determined by DSC at a cooling rate of 20 K/min may be 20 °C or greater, preferably 40 °C or greater.
- Examples for suitable polar-aprotic solvents include ketones such as methylethyl ketone or acetone, ethers such as tetrahydrofurane, carbonates such as dimethyl carbonate and esters such as ethyl acetate. If mixtures of polar-aprotic solvents are used, these mixtures are also referred to as "the solvent" in the context of the present invention.
- Internally hydrophilized thermoplastic polyurethanes are understood to be those thermoplastic polyurethanes which comprise, via a chemical bond, ionic groups and/or non-ionic hydrophilic groups.
- The ionic groups may be either cationic or anionic in nature. Compounds that act as cationic, anionic or non-ionic hydrophilizers include those which comprise, for example, sulphonium, ammonium, phosphonium, carboxylate, sulphonate or phosphonate groups or groups which can be converted by salt formation to the aforementioned groups (potentially ionic groups) or polyether groups, and for example can be incorporated into the polyurethanes via isocyanate-reactive groups present.
- The neutralizing agents required for salt formation may be added to the salt-forming groups either in a stoichiometric ratio or in excess. To generate anionic groups, organic bases such as tertiary amines or inorganic bases such as alkali metal hydroxides or ammonia are added. In this case, preference is given to using tertiary amines such as triethyl amine, triethanol amine or dimethylethanol amine. Preferred suitable isocyanate-reactive groups are hydroxyl and amine groups.
- Preferred non-ionic hydrophilizers are polyoxyalkylene ethers containing at least one hydroxyl or amino group. These polyethers may contain a proportion of 30% by weight to 100% by weight of units derived from ethylene oxide.
- Externally hydrophilized thermoplastic polyurethanes are understood to be thermoplastic polyurethanes which have been combined with emulsifiers. Both ionic emulsifiers such as alkali metal and ammonium salts of fatty acids or of aryl(alkyl) sulphonic acids and non-ionic emulsifiers, for example ethoxylated alkyl benzenes with an average molecular weight of 500 g/mol to 10000 g/mol are suitable. Other examples for suitable emulsifiers are AB and ABA block copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(butyl acrylate) or polyethers that have been started on lauryl alcohol.
- It is within the scope of the present invention that the emulsifiers migrate from the thermoplastic polyurethane material into the solvent and/or co-solvent.
- Combinations of an internally hydrophilized thermoplastic polyurethane and external emulsifiers are also possible.
- In the composition according to the invention it is provided that the polyurethane polymer, the solvent and the co-solvent are present in such amounts that they form a dispersion. The discontinuous phase of the dispersion can comprise the polymer and, depending on the solvent and co-solvent system used, solvent and/or co-solvent as well. The continuous phase of the dispersion can comprise the solvent and/or the co-solvent. For example, literature data indicates a homogenous mixture of MEK and water at 20 °C with 11% (mass/mass) of water in MEK. Increasing the proportion of water leads to an increasing phase separation leading to a dispersion of the water phase in solvent.
- The assessment of whether a dispersion is formed can be performed by visual inspection with the naked eye. If the composition is milky or turbid, there is a dispersion. On the other hand, if the composition is clear, then there is no dispersion present. Unless specified otherwise, the assessment of the presence of a dispersion is performed at 20 °C.
- The weight ratio of solvent to co-solvent may be in a range of ≥ 1:1 to ≤ 4:1. Preferred is a range of ≥ 2:1 to ≤ 3:1.
- In the composition according to the invention the hydroxyl group content may be ≥ 15 weight-%, based on the total weight of the composition. This can be determined by titration according to DIN 53420-1. Total OH contents, expressed as weight-percentages, can also be calculated from the recipe of the formulation as follows:
- Where: f = number of OH groups per molecule, MOH = molar mass of OH (17 g/mol), Mprotic co solvent = molar mass of protic co solvent (g/mol).
-
- In the composition according to the invention the polyurethane polymer content is ≥ 10 weight-%, based on the total weight of the composition. Preferred is a content of ≥ 15 weight-% to ≤ 50 weight-% and more preferred ≥ 20 weight-% to ≤ 40 weight-%.
- The composition according to the invention can be formulated as a 2-component (2K) adhesive by adding a cross-linker. The cross-linker itself can be internally or externally hydrophilized or even used without hydrophilization. Preferably, in an embodiment, the composition further comprises an aliphatic isocyanate cross-linker. Examples for suitable aliphatic isocyanate cross-linkers include isocyanate-functional isocyanurates, uretdiones, allophanates, iminooxadiazinediones, urethanes and urea of pentamethylene diisocyanate (PDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and H12-MDI as well as the aforementioned diisocyanates themselves, preferred with an isocyanate (NCO) content of the cross-linker of ≥ 3 weight-%, preferred ≥ 5 weight-% and more preferred ≥ 10 weight-%.
- The isocyanate content of the full formulation including isocyanates is preferred ≥ 0,1 %, more preferred ≥ 0,15 % and most preferred ≥ 0,2%.
- In another embodiment the composition has a viscosity, as determined by rotational viscosity according to DIN EN ISO 3219 at 23 °C and 30 rpm of ≤ 10000 mPa s. Preferred are viscosities from ≥ 10 mPa s to ≤ 10000 mPa s, more preferred ≥ 50 mPa s to ≤ 5000 mPa s and most preferred ≥ 300 mPa s to ≤ 3000 mPa s.
- The viscosity of the formulation is advantageous for good application properties by e.g. brush, spray or roller application.
- In another embodiment the polyurethane polymer has a storage modulus G', measured using a plate/plate oscillation viscosimeter according to ISO 6721-10 at 100 °C and an angular frequency of 1/s, of ≥ 4 kPa. Preferred are storage moduli of ≥ 4 kPa to ≤ 1000 kPa, more preferred ≥ 50 kPa to ≤ 800 kPa and most preferred ≥ 75 kPa to ≤ 600 kPa.
- The storage modulus of the polyurethane polymer contributes to the adhesive properties such as tack and initial bonding strength after drying of the solvent. A too low modulus implicates a too low initial bond strength, whereas a too high modulus implicates insufficient wetting of the desired substrate and the need for a higher pressure during the bonding process which may destroy the substrates.
- In another embodiment the polyurethane polymer comprises urea groups. Without wishing to be bound by theory it is assumed that the solvent/co-solvent combination of the invention can effectively break up interactions between urea groups of neighboring polymer chains, thereby dissolving the polyurethanes. Urea groups can be incorporated into the polyurethane by reaction of free NCO groups with water, followed by decarboxylation. This can occur during the production of aqueous polyurethane dispersions. Other means of creating urea groups in the polyurethane are reacting free NCO groups with diamine chain extenders, monoamine chain terminators and/or amino-functional internal hydrophilizers such as sodium 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethane sulphonate (AAS salt).
- The presence of urea groups in the polyurethane polymer can be detected by infrared (IR) spectroscopy. In particular, the following absorption ranges are of interest: 1680-1620 cm-1 and 1584-1545 cm-1.
- Preferably, the polyurethane has a ratio of IR absorption in the ranges of 3040-2770 cm-1 (asymmetric CH2, CH3 stretching vibration) to 1680-1620 cm-1 of ≥ 1,5 to ≤ 4. Additionally or alternatively, the polyurethane has a ratio of IR absorption in the ranges of 3040-2770 cm-1 to 1584-1545 cm-1 of ≥ 5 to ≤ 10. Additionally or alternatively, the polyurethane has a ratio of IR absorption in the range of 3040-2770 cm-1 to the sum of the IR absorption in the ranges of 1680-1620 cm-1 and 1584-1545 cm-1 of ≥ 1 to ≤ 3.
- In another embodiment the polyurethane polymer has been isolated from an aqueous polyurethane dispersion. This has the advantage that the hydrophilization and the urea groups in the polymer are provided automatically. The isolation of the polymer can be achieved by freezing the dispersion which results in the coagulation of the polyurethane to macroscopic particles. These particles can be filtered and dried to yield the isolated polyurethane polymer.
- In another embodiment the solvent comprises methylethyl ketone or a mixture of methylethyl ketone and acetone. The weight ratio of MEK to water may be in a range of ≥ 1:1 to ≤ 4:1. Preferred is a range of ≥ 2:1 to ≤ 3:1. In mixtures of MEK and acetone, their weight ratio is preferably in a range of ≥ 1:1 to ≤ 3:1. The weight ratio of an MEK/acetone mixture to water may be in a range of ≥ 1:1 to ≤ 4:1. Preferred is a range of ≥ 1,1:1 to ≤ 3:1.
- Preferably, the compositions according to the invention have a pH range of 4,5 to 9,5, more preferred between 5 to 9, most preferred 6-8,5. If necessary, suitable acids such as e.g. hydrochloric acid, bases such as e.g. amines or buffer solutions such as phosphate buffers can be used in order to adjust the pH according to the desired range.
- In another embodiment, the solvent is present in an amount of ≤ 70 weight-%, based on the total weight of the composition. Preferably the solvent is present in an amount of ≤ 60 weight-% and more preferred ≤ 50 weight-%, thus contributing to the increasing efforts from industry to reduce volatile organic compound (VOC) contents in their production.
- A further aspect of the invention is a method of manufacturing an adhesive composition comprising providing a polyurethane polymer in a solvent and a co-solvent, wherein the polyurethane polymer is an internally and/or externally hydrophilized thermoplastic polyurethane having a mass average molecular weight Mw, as determined by gel permeation chromatography against polystyrene standards using N,N-dimethyl acetamide as the eluent, of ≥ 50000 g/mol (preferably ≥ 50000 g/mol to ≤ 350000 g/mol), the solvent is a polar-aprotic solvent, the co-solvent is water, the polyurethane polymer, the solvent and the co-solvent are present in such amounts that they form a dispersion and the polyurethane polymer content is ≥ 10 weight-%, based on the total weight of the composition. For details reference is made to the description of the composition according to the invention. These details apply here as well and will not be repeated in the interest of brevity.
- In an embodiment the method further comprises adding an aliphatic isocyanate cross-linker. For details reference is made to the description of the composition according to the invention. These details apply here as well and will not be repeated in the interest of brevity.
- In another embodiment the polyurethane polymer comprises urea groups. For details reference is made to the description of the composition according to the invention. These details apply here as well and will not be repeated in the interest of brevity.
- In another embodiment the polyurethane polymer comprises structural units derived from an aliphatic diisocyanate and/or structural units derived from a polyester diol. For details reference is made to the description of the composition according to the invention. These details apply here as well and will not be repeated in the interest of brevity.
- In another embodiment the polyurethane polymer has been isolated from an aqueous polyurethane dispersion prior to it being provided. For details reference is made to the description of the composition according to the invention. These details apply here as well and will not be repeated in the interest of brevity.
- In another embodiment the solvent comprises methylethyl ketone or a mixture of methylethyl ketone and acetone. The weight ratio of MEK to water may be in a range of ≥ 1:1 to ≤ 4:1. Preferred is a range of ≥ 2:1 to ≤ 3:1. In mixtures of MEK and acetone, their weight ratio is preferably in a range of ≥ 1:1 to ≤ 2:1. The weight ratio of an MEK/acetone mixture to water may be in a range of ≥ 1:1 to ≤ 4:1. Preferred is a range of ≥ 1,1:1 to ≤ 3:1.
- A further aspect of the invention is a method of adhering two surfaces, comprising contacting at least one surface with an adhesive composition according to the invention and joining the surfaces.
- A further aspect of the invention is the use of a mixture of a solvent and a co-solvent for dispersing a thermoplastic polyurethane polymer, wherein the polyurethane polymer is an internally and/or externally hydrophilized thermoplastic polyurethane having a mass average molecular weight Mw, as determined by gel permeation chromatography against polystyrene standards using N,N-dimethyl acetamide as the eluent, of ≥ 50000 g/mol (preferably ≥ 50000 g/mol to ≤ 350000 g/mol), the solvent is a polar-aprotic solvent, the co-solvent is water and the polyurethane polymer, the solvent and co-solvent are present in such amounts that they form a dispersion. For details reference is made to the description of the composition according to the invention. These details apply here as well and will not be repeated in the interest of brevity. It is emphasized that the polyurethane polymer content in the dispersion may be ≥ 10 weight-%, based on the total weight of the dispersion. Preferred is a content of ≥ 15 weight-% to ≤ 50 weight-% and more preferred ≥ 20 weight-% to ≤ 40 weight-%.
- In an embodiment the solvent comprises methylethyl ketone or a mixture of methylethyl ketone and acetone. For details reference is made to the description of the composition according to the invention. These details apply here as well and will not be repeated in the interest of brevity.
- The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples without wishing to be limited by them.
- The room temperature (RT) was 23 °C. Unless noted otherwise, all percentages are weight percentages based on the total weight.
- Viscosities were measured as rotational viscosities according to DIN EN ISO 3219 on a Brookfield viscosimeter at 30 rpm with a LV 1 to 4 spindle depending on expected viscosity. For samples that formed gels a notional viscosity of > 50000 mPas was postulated.
- The storage modulus (G') was measured using a plate/plate oscillation viscosimeter according to ISO 6721-10 at 100 °C and an angular frequency of 1/s.
- The mass average molecular weight Mw was determined by size exclusion gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) at 60°C as eluent. Analysis was carried out on a SECurity GPC-System from PSS Polymer Service at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, columns PSS GRAM with an RID detector. Samples of polystyrene with known molecular mass were used for calibration.
- Mass losses in grams per minute were determined by recording the weight difference by balancing the 2,0 g of the samples into PP open containers with a diameter of (t = 0 min) and the residual weight after 2 minutes stored in a fume hood at 23 °C with a relative humidity of 30%. Mass loss of deionized water (2,00 g) served as a reference and the measurements were repeated 5 times and the average mass loss was found to be 0,005 g/min.
- The pH value of the formulations was evaluated by universal pH indicator strips from Fisher Scientific.
- Stability tests were carried out by freezing the formulated mixtures (25 mL in a 100 mL Schott glass container) for 60 minutes at -18 °C and subsequent thawing and shaking (1 min by hand) of the formulated mixtures. Thawed samples were classified as stable, if no coagulation was observed.
- Wetting behavior was determined by visual examination after applying the samples on PVC strips (containing 30% softener) and PP substrates by a doctor blade (50 µm wet). Wetting behavior was classified after 10 seconds as excellent (1): 100% to 90% of coated substrate area covered and no island formation was observed; acceptable (2): 80 to 90% of coated substrate area covered and no island formation was observed and poor (3): less than 80% of coated substrate area covered and /or the formation of islands was observed.
- Polymer A was an aliphatic, crystallizing polyester urethane/urea, supplied as a solid powder for adhesive applications with a glass transition temperature of the polymer (DSC, 20 K/min) of -50 °C, a melting temperature of the polymer (DSC, 20 K/min) of 49 °C, and a storage modulus at 100 °C of 207 kPa and a Mw of 144620 g/mol. Polymer A was hydrophilized internally and externally. Dispersion A was a commercially available aqueous dispersion of polymer A for adhesive applications with a solids content of ca. 50 weight-%.
- Polymer A was produced from dispersion A by a 3 step process: 1) Freezing of 1 liter of dispersion A in a 1 liter plastic container at -18°C for 48 h and thawing at room temperature for 24 h. 2) Filtration of the obtained suspension of a white polymer crumb in water, thereby obtaining a solid material with a water content < 20%. 3) Drying of the wet crumb in vacuum at a temperature < 40 °C to a water content of <0,5%.
- Polymer B was an aliphatic, crystallizing polyester urethane/urea solid powder for adhesive applications with a glass transition temperature of the polymer (DSC, 20 K/min) of -51 °C, a melting temperature of the polymer (DSC, 20 K/min) of 49 °C, and a storage modulus at 100 °C of 77,4 kPa and a Mw of 91895 g/mol. Polymer B was hydrophilized internally and externally. Dispersion B was a commercially available aqueous dispersion of polymer B for adhesive applications with a solids content of ca. 50 weight-%. Polymer B was produced from dispersion B in the same manner as described in connection with polymer A/dispersion A.
- Polymer D was an aliphatic, crystallizing polyester urethane/urea solid powder for adhesive applications with a glass transition temperature of the polymer (DSC, 20 K/min) of -51 °C, a melting temperature of the polymer (DSC, 20 K/min) of 49 °C ,and a storage modulus at 100 °C of 503 kPa and a Mw of about 341210 g/mol. Polymer D was hydrophilized internally and externally. Dispersion D was a commercially available aqueous dispersion of polymer D for adhesive applications with a solids content of ca. 50 weight-%. Polymer D was produced from dispersion D in the same manner as described in connection with polymer A/dispersion A.
- Hybrid solvent compositions were prepared according to the table below. Examples according to the invention are denoted with an asterisk (*).
- Hybrid solvent-borne 1K adhesive formulations were prepared according to procedures a), b) or c):
- a) Providing the polyurethane dispersion in 500 mL glass screw-top bottles and subsequent addition of the desired solvent mixture under magnetic stirring until a mixture was obtained.
- b) In 500 mL glass screw-top bottles, adding the solid polymer into the desired solvent mixture and shaking on a shaker at a rate of 160 rpm.
- c) Providing the polyurethane dispersion in 500 mL glass screw-top bottles and subsequent addition of the desired solvent mixture as well as the desired amount of solid polymer under magnetic stirring until a mixture was obtained.
- Experimental results are summarized in the following tables. Inventive examples are noted with (*).
Experiment No. 1 2 3 4 5 6* 7 8* 9* 10* 11* 12 13* 14* 15 16 17 18* 19* Polymer B [g] 15 15 20 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 5 Polymer A [g] 20 25 Polymer D [g] 20 20 Dispersion B [g] 100 40 50 Dispersion A [g] 100 Dispersion D [g] 100 2-Butanone (MEK) 85 80 80 80 80 25 33,5 30 50 20 15 25 30 27,5 25 Acetone 25 33,5 30 50 20 15 25 30 27,5 25 Water 5 25 8 15 25 25 30 35 25 20 Solid content [%] 15 15 20 20 20 25 25 25 25 25 30 35 25 20 50 50 50 25 25 Preparation method b) b) b) b) b) b) b) b) b) b) b) b) b) b) n.a. n.a. n.a. c) a) - From the experimental results it can be seen that the hybrid adhesive compositions according to the invention display a better wetting behavior on low energy surfaces such as PVC and PP as compared to purely water-borne systems.
- If the adhesive composition was prepared starting from dry polyurethane material then this has the additional advantage of a longer storage stability of the material. The liquid compositions can be prepared in the desired amount only and immediately prior to the application of the adhesive.
- As a consequence of the reduced water content a wider range of substrates can be considered for use together with the compositions according to the invention. This includes substrates which would be affected negatively by purely water-borne adhesives. Likewise, the evaporation speed of the composition is higher than in purely water-borne systems.
- In comparison to purely solvent-borne systems the VOC (volatile organic content) of compositions according to the invention is lower. The solid content and the open time can be increased over purely solvent-borne systems. A higher solid content can also be leveraged into a greater dry film thickness of the applied adhesive.
- Adhesion tests were performed on 12∗2 cm PVC test strips with a plasticizer load of 30% using samples according to comparative examples 1, 2, 15, 16, 17 and according to all inventive samples.
- The adhesive samples were brushed onto an 8 cm long section of each substrate amounting with a view to achieving a solid adhesive layer after drying of ca. 0,1 mm. The strips were dried after their application in an hot air oven at 65 °C until the solvent and water had fully evaporated. Two still warm strips, each having been treated with the same adhesive composition, were pressed together for 60 seconds at a pressure of 4 bar. The joined strips were stored for 7 days at 23 °C and 50% humidity and then subjected to a 180° peel test at 20 mm/s.
- All specimens achieved an adhesive strength of over 8 N/mm and thus satisfied the demands of a typical footwear application.
Claims (15)
- An adhesive composition comprising a polyurethane polymer, a solvent and a co-solvent, characterized in that
the polyurethane polymer is an internally and/or externally hydrophilized thermoplastic polyurethane having a mass average molecular weight Mw, as determined by gel permeation chromatography against polystyrene standards using N,N-dimethyl acetamide as the eluent, of ≥ 50000 g/mol,
the solvent is a polar-aprotic solvent,
the co-solvent is water,
the polyurethane polymer, the solvent and the co-solvent are present in such amounts that they form a dispersion and
the polyurethane polymer content is ≥ 10 weight-%, based on the total weight of the composition. - The composition according to claim 1, further comprising an aliphatic isocyanate cross-linker.
- The composition according to claim 1 or 2, having a viscosity, as determined by rotational viscosity according to DIN EN ISO 3219 at 23 °C and 30 rpm of ≤ 10000 mPa s.
- The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a storage modulus G', measured using a plate/plate oscillation viscosimeter according to ISO 6721-10 at 100 °C and an angular frequency of 1/s, of ≥ 4 kPa.
- The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises urea groups.
- The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polyurethane polymer has been isolated from an aqueous polyurethane dispersion.
- The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent comprises methylethyl ketone or a mixture of methylethyl ketone and acetone.
- The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent is present in an amount of ≤ 70 weight-%, based on the total weight of the composition.
- A method of manufacturing an adhesive composition comprising providing a polyurethane polymer in a solvent and a co-solvent,
characterized in that
the polyurethane polymer is an internally and/or externally hydrophilized thermoplastic polyurethane having a mass average molecular weight Mw, as determined by gel permeation chromatography against polystyrene standards using N,N-dimethyl acetamide as the eluent, of ≥ 50000 g/mol,
the solvent is a polar-aprotic solvent,
the co-solvent is water,
the polyurethane polymer, the solvent and the co-solvent are present in such amounts that they form a dispersion and
the polyurethane polymer content is ≥ 10 weight-%, based on the total weight of the composition. - The method according to claim 9, further comprising adding an aliphatic isocyanate cross-linker.
- The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises urea groups.
- The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the polyurethane polymer has been isolated from an aqueous polyurethane dispersion prior to it being provided.
- The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the solvent comprises methylethyl ketone or a mixture of methylethyl ketone and acetone.
- A method of adhering two surfaces, comprising:- contacting at least one surface with an adhesive composition according to one of claims 1 to 8 and- joining the surfaces.
- Use of a mixture of a solvent and a co-solvent for dispersing a thermoplastic polyurethane polymer,
characterized in that
the polyurethane polymer is an internally and/or externally hydrophilized thermoplastic polyurethane having a mass average molecular weight Mw, as determined by gel permeation chromatography against polystyrene standards using N,N-dimethyl acetamide as the eluent, of ≥ 50000 g/mol,
the solvent is a polar-aprotic solvent,
the co-solvent is water and
the polyurethane polymer, the solvent and the co-solvent are present in such amounts that they form a dispersion.
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20212819.5A EP4012002A1 (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Hybrid solvent-borne polyurethane adhesives |
CN202180082855.1A CN116670251A (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-02 | Hybrid solvent type polyurethane adhesive |
EP21819480.1A EP4259744A1 (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-02 | Hybrid solvent-borne polyurethane adhesives |
PCT/EP2021/083867 WO2022122521A1 (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-02 | Hybrid solvent-borne polyurethane adhesives |
US18/266,044 US20240026196A1 (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-02 | Hybrid Solvent-Borne Polyurethane Adhesives |
TW110145619A TW202237787A (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-07 | Hybrid solvent-borne polyurethane adhesives |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP20212819.5A EP4012002A1 (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Hybrid solvent-borne polyurethane adhesives |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4012002A1 true EP4012002A1 (en) | 2022-06-15 |
Family
ID=74124984
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20212819.5A Withdrawn EP4012002A1 (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Hybrid solvent-borne polyurethane adhesives |
EP21819480.1A Pending EP4259744A1 (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-02 | Hybrid solvent-borne polyurethane adhesives |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP21819480.1A Pending EP4259744A1 (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-02 | Hybrid solvent-borne polyurethane adhesives |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US20240026196A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP4012002A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN116670251A (en) |
TW (1) | TW202237787A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2022122521A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1527596A (en) | 1974-10-11 | 1978-10-04 | Lingner & Fischer Gmbh | Adhesive compositions |
EP0024864A1 (en) | 1979-08-22 | 1981-03-11 | Lingner + Fischer GmbH | Rubber adhesive compositions, gluesticks containing them and a process for their production |
US20090269589A1 (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2009-10-29 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Block-resistant, radiation-curable coating systems based on high molecular mass, aqueous polyurethane dispersions |
-
2020
- 2020-12-09 EP EP20212819.5A patent/EP4012002A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2021
- 2021-12-02 WO PCT/EP2021/083867 patent/WO2022122521A1/en active Application Filing
- 2021-12-02 CN CN202180082855.1A patent/CN116670251A/en active Pending
- 2021-12-02 US US18/266,044 patent/US20240026196A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-02 EP EP21819480.1A patent/EP4259744A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-07 TW TW110145619A patent/TW202237787A/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1527596A (en) | 1974-10-11 | 1978-10-04 | Lingner & Fischer Gmbh | Adhesive compositions |
EP0024864A1 (en) | 1979-08-22 | 1981-03-11 | Lingner + Fischer GmbH | Rubber adhesive compositions, gluesticks containing them and a process for their production |
US20090269589A1 (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2009-10-29 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Block-resistant, radiation-curable coating systems based on high molecular mass, aqueous polyurethane dispersions |
Also Published As
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TW202237787A (en) | 2022-10-01 |
WO2022122521A1 (en) | 2022-06-16 |
US20240026196A1 (en) | 2024-01-25 |
EP4259744A1 (en) | 2023-10-18 |
CN116670251A (en) | 2023-08-29 |
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