EP3987820A1 - Procédé de gestion du téléchargement progressif adaptatif (has) d'un contenu numérique diffusé en temps réel, gestionnaire, terminal lecteur de flux multimédia et programme d'ordinateur correspondants - Google Patents
Procédé de gestion du téléchargement progressif adaptatif (has) d'un contenu numérique diffusé en temps réel, gestionnaire, terminal lecteur de flux multimédia et programme d'ordinateur correspondantsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3987820A1 EP3987820A1 EP20723910.4A EP20723910A EP3987820A1 EP 3987820 A1 EP3987820 A1 EP 3987820A1 EP 20723910 A EP20723910 A EP 20723910A EP 3987820 A1 EP3987820 A1 EP 3987820A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- content
- encoding rate
- time segments
- time
- terminal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
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- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
- H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
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- H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
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Definitions
- TITLE Process for managing the adaptive progressive download (HAS) of digital content broadcast in real time, manager, multimedia stream reader terminal and corresponding computer program.
- HAS adaptive progressive download
- the field of the invention is that of digital multimedia content, namely digital audio and / or video content, in particular content broadcast in real time or live (“LIVE” in English). More specifically, the invention relates to the optimization of the management of adaptive progressive downloading (HAS) in the context of viewing digital content broadcast in real time regardless of variations in network conditions, in particular in terms of bandwidth. passing.
- HAS adaptive progressive downloading
- local such as a home network.
- the terminal generally sends a request to a server, indicating the content chosen, and in return it receives a stream of digital data relating to this content.
- a request passes through the network access gateway, for example the residential gateway.
- the terminal is suitable for receiving this digital content in the form of multimedia data and for rendering it back.
- This restitution consists in providing the digital content at the terminal level in a form accessible to the user.
- data received corresponding to a video is generally decoded, then restored at the level of the terminal in the form of a display of the corresponding video with its associated soundtrack.
- the digital content will be assimilated to a video and the reproduction by the terminal, or consumption by the user of the terminal, to a display or reading on the screen of the terminal.
- the distribution of digital content on the Internet is often based on client-server protocols of the HTTP family (standing for “Hyper Text Transport Protocol”).
- HTTP family standing for “Hyper Text Transport Protocol”.
- the progressive downloading of digital content also called streaming, makes it possible to transport and consume the data in real time, that is to say that the digital data is transmitted over the network and returned by the terminal as it goes. and as they arrive.
- the terminal receives and stores part of the digital data in a buffer memory before returning them. This mode of distribution is particularly useful when the flow available user is not guaranteed for real-time video transfer.
- Adaptive progressive downloading in English HTTP Adaptive Streaming, abbreviated HAS, also makes it possible to broadcast and receive data in different qualities corresponding for example to different bit rates. These different qualities are described in a parameter file available for download on a data server, for example a content server.
- this description file makes it possible to select the right format for the content to be consumed as a function of the available bandwidth or of the storage and decoding capacities of the rendering terminal. This type of technique makes it possible in particular to take account of the variations in bandwidth on the link between the rendering terminal and the content server.
- the MPEG-DASH standard (for English “Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP", in French “dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP") is a standard for audiovisual broadcasting format on the Internet. It is based on the preparation of the content in different presentations of varying quality and speed, cut into short segments (of the order of a few seconds), also called “chunks”. Each of these segments is made available individually by means of an exchange protocol.
- the mainly targeted protocol is HTTP, but other protocols (eg FTP) can also be used.
- the organization of the segments and the associated parameters are published in a manifest in XML format.
- the principle underlying this standard is that the MPEG-DASH client makes an estimate of the bandwidth available for the reception of segments, and, depending on the filling of its reception buffer, chooses, for the next segment to load, a representation whose flow:
- the rendering terminal must therefore find a compromise between the overall quality of the content, and its uninterrupted reproduction, by carefully selecting the next segment to download, from among the various encoding rates offered. To do this, there are different algorithms for selecting the quality of the content as a function of the available bandwidth, which may have more or less aggressive, or more or less secure, strategies.
- HAS adaptive progressive download
- VOD video on demand
- Replay delayed broadcasting of television programs
- Network PVR type offers for “Network Personal Video Recorder”, ie a digital content recording service, carried out by the content provider itself rather than at the end user's home.
- real-time media streaming devices also access digital content in progressive adaptive download mode for real-time (or LIVE) television content.
- Such devices are conventionally connected to the HDMI port of a television set and communicate, by Wi-Fi ® connection , with another device of the home communication network connected to a wide Internet-type communication network (residential gateway, computer, telephone smart device (smartphone, tablet, etc.), in order to reproduce, on the television, the multimedia content received by a compatible software application.
- These devices will be designated hereafter under the generic designation of HDMI Key.
- the term “rendering terminal” will be assimilated to the combination of real-time streaming media player (such as a CléTV ® Orange ®) and a terminal for viewing the content (like a TV).
- the playback terminal corresponds to the association between a set-top box (STB), integrating a multimedia stream player in real time, and a television.
- STB set-top box
- HAS downloading technique has the advantage of optimizing the overall quality of the digital content broadcast LIVE according to a constraint of available bandwidth, it is not without drawbacks. Indeed, downloading in HAS does not natively allow the user to choose the quality of reproduction of the content, which is systematically optimized, depending on the resource constraints of the multimedia stream reader terminal, to allow playback in real-time content (for example, a television program).
- HD High Definition
- Some HD televisions may offer, for the best televisions, a display resolution of 1920 x 1080 pixels (“Full HD”), or a resolution of 3840 x 2160 pixels, or four times the "Full HD” (“Ultra HD” televisions). HD ”).
- the invention meets this need by proposing a method for managing the adaptive progressive download (HAS) of digital content broadcast in real time, within a multimedia stream reader terminal.
- a method for managing the adaptive progressive download (HAS) of digital content broadcast in real time comprises obtaining a description file of the digital content, comprising a list of time segments to be downloaded of the content each associated with several encoding rates of the content, and determining an encoding rate. time segments to be downloaded for real-time restitution of the content, according to a resource constraint of the terminal.
- the method implements a selection of an option: of downloading the time segments at the rate of determined encoding and rendering of content in real time; or
- the invention is based on a completely new and inventive approach to the adaptive progressive downloading of digital content broadcast in real time, or LIVE, by offering the possibility of offering the user the possibility of viewing the digital content offline, rather than in real time, in order to benefit from a reproduction with a better level of quality, and thus offer a better quality of experience when viewing this LIVE content.
- the multimedia stream reader terminal determines, as a function of the available bandwidth, the encoding rate of the time segments of the content broadcast LIVE to be downloaded. If this encoding rate is less than the maximum encoding rate of the time segments proposed in the description file, then the method according to the invention offers the possibility of choosing from among two options for downloading and restoring the content broadcast LIVE.
- the first option corresponds to downloading the time segments at the determined encoding rate and restoring the content in real time. Indeed, the user may wish not to wait before viewing the LIVE content and be content to view it at the quality available, whatever it may be, if, for example, he has little time and this content does not has only limited interest for him, or does not require a high quality of rendering. Conventionally, in order to ensure fluidity during reading, the terminal will then use data streams and “chunks” of poorer quality, if the available bandwidth does not allow access to the best quality offered in the manifest file.
- the second option offers the possibility of watching this LIVE content later.
- this second option is advantageous: the content is then rendered. deferred in order to allow a smooth and better quality reproduction of the content broadcast LIVE, throughout the duration of the latter.
- this second option makes it possible to improve the quality of the user's experience, in particular if he wishes to take advantage of the HD of his screen for viewing LIVE content.
- the selection of one of these two options takes account of contextual information.
- this contextual information results from a choice expressed by a user via an interface of the terminal.
- the user can select, for example via the interface of the playback terminal, whether he wishes to choose the option of downloading at the best possible quality whatever the bandwidth, and of viewing the LIVE content off-line.
- This choice can be made content by content.
- this contextual information takes account of a contextual component belonging to the group comprising:
- a download at a better quality and a delayed playback, or a live playback at the quality available depending on the nature of the content, (for example a film or series, a television program such as for example the television news), schedule or recording schedule.
- This selection can be configured by the user during a pre-configuration phase, and be made on the fly by the multimedia stream reader terminal. It can also be operated by the multimedia stream reader terminal, according to a pre-configuration carried out by the service provider.
- the pre-configuration of this option is done for example via a user interface offering a drop-down menu.
- the option of downloading time segments at an encoding rate greater than the determined encoding rate and of deferred restitution of the content comprises:
- the duration of pre-storage is determined so that the buffer memory is empty at the end of the deferred restitution.
- the digital stream player will first pause the playback of the content and fill its buffer memory ( or “buffer” in English) with the time segments of the LIVE content at an encoding rate greater than the encoding rate determined according to the availability of bandwidth.
- This phase of filling the buffer memory takes place as long as the stream reader has not stored sufficient content, or time segments, in memory to then ensure smooth playback.
- the stream reader then goes into a deferred rendering phase, that is to say, in content reading mode.
- This deferred restitution takes place in conjunction with the storage in buffer memory of the following time segments of the content.
- the buffered video is consumed and the downloading of time segments representative of the broadcast video is continued, so as to continue to fill the buffer memory.
- the determination of the duration of pre-storage takes account of at least one parameter belonging to the group comprising:
- the duration of the digital content is obtained by the terminal by interrogating a server of program guides broadcast in real time.
- these parameters make it possible to determine the duration of pre-storage necessary in order to store sufficient segments at a higher quality for continuous deferred reproduction of the content.
- At least one pre-storage duration is determined for at least one encoding rate greater than the determined encoding rate.
- the user's choice in the case of deferred restitution, comprises a selection, via the interface, of a pre-storage duration.
- the user can choose between the real-time playback mode and the delayed playback mode, taking into account the duration of pre-storage.
- the user's choice comprises a selection, via said interface, of one of said at least two durations pre-storage. The user can thus choose among several pre-storage duration options according to his preferences or needs.
- the higher rate is the maximum encoding rate proposed in the description file.
- the user can then view LIVE digital content for HAS download of their choice at the best quality offered, regardless of bandwidth availability.
- the invention also relates to a computer program product comprising program code instructions for implementing an adaptive progressive download (HAS) management method, as described above, when it is executed by a processor.
- the invention also relates to a recording medium readable by a computer on which is recorded a computer program comprising program code instructions for the execution of the steps of the method of managing the adaptive progressive download (HAS) according to the invention as described above.
- Such a recording medium can be any entity or device capable of storing the program.
- the medium can comprise a storage means, such as a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or else a magnetic recording means, for example a USB key or a hard disk. .
- such a recording medium can be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which can be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio or by other means, so that the program computer it contains can be executed remotely.
- the program according to the invention can in particular be downloaded over a network, for example the Internet network.
- the recording medium can be an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the aforementioned display control method.
- the invention also relates to a device for managing adaptive progressive downloading (HAS) of digital content broadcast in real time, within a multimedia stream reader terminal, comprising:
- a module for obtaining a description file of the digital content comprising a list of time segments to be downloaded of the content each associated with several encoding rates of the content
- This device also includes a module for selecting an option: downloading the time segments at the determined encoding rate and rendering the content in real time; or
- Such a selection module is activated when the determined encoding rate is less than a maximum encoding rate proposed in the description file.
- the invention also relates to a multimedia stream reader terminal, comprising an adaptive progressive download management device (HAS) as described above.
- HAS adaptive progressive download management device
- the aforementioned correspondents have at least the same advantages as those conferred by the method for managing the adaptive progressive download (HAS) according to the various embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG 1 presents a progressive download architecture based on the use of adaptive streaming according to an embodiment of the invention
- FIG 2 schematically illustrates the hardware structure of a multimedia stream reader terminal incorporating an adaptive progressive download management device according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3A illustrates an exemplary implementation of a method for managing the adaptive progressive download (HAS) of digital content broadcast LIVE by a multimedia stream reader terminal of FIG. 2 associated with a client terminal;
- HAS adaptive progressive download
- FIG. 3B represents an example of selection of a segment of a digital content broadcast LIVE during the implementation of a method for managing the adaptive progressive download (HAS) of digital content broadcast LIVE according to FIG. 3A by the digital stream reader terminal of FIG. 2;
- HAS adaptive progressive download
- FIG 4 schematically illustrates the implementation of an option for downloading time segments at an encoding rate greater than an encoding rate determined as a function of a resource constraint, and of delayed restitution digital content broadcast LIVE;
- FIG. 5A illustrates an example of display of a request message for selecting a waiting time before resuming the restitution of the digital content broadcast LIVE according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 5B illustrates an example of display of a message requesting the selection of a waiting time before resuming the restitution of the digital content broadcast LIVE according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 5C illustrates another example of display of a request message for selecting a waiting time before resuming reading of the digital content broadcast LIVE according to one embodiment
- FIG 6 illustrates an example of display of a message requesting selection of an option for downloading and restoring a digital content broadcast LIVE according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG 7 illustrates an example of an interface for pre-configuring the content download options according to one embodiment of the invention.
- the general principle of the invention is based, in the context of an adaptive progressive downloading of the HAS type, on the offer of a possibility of viewing, in deferred mode, a digital content broadcast in real time, or LIVE, such as for example a television program or a film broadcast live, in order to allow a user to benefit from a better quality of reproduction.
- LIVE digital content broadcast in real time
- the invention consists in proposing several options for downloading and restoring the time segments of the content.
- an encoding rate for example the maximum rate proposed in the description file of this content, in particular when the instantaneous download rate of the reader terminal of stream does not allow you to download the segments at the best quality offered, so you can choose, depending on contextual information:
- the invention therefore allows the user in particular to choose to view digital content broadcast LIVE, either in real time but at an encoding rate possibly limited by the band. pass-through available, either offline but with a higher quality and resolution.
- the user is then no longer dependent on the rules for downloading in HAS, but can, if he wishes, choose to impose the downloading of time segments at a higher quality, despite a limited bandwidth, at the cost, however, of a deferred restitution of the content.
- the user can watch his favorite television program at a higher quality and thus, for example, take full advantage of the resolution quality of his television screen, if it offers HD quality or higher.
- he can choose to watch the TV news live, for which the quality of reproduction is less important to him.
- Terminal 3 for example an intelligent telephone of the “smartphone” type
- terminal 4 for example a laptop computer
- terminal 8 for example an HDMI key connected to a television 5
- LAN network local
- the context of the local network is given by way of example and could easily be transposed to a “best effort” type Internet network, a company network, and so on.
- a LIVE digital content server in HAS, referenced 2 is located according to this example in the wide area network (WAN, 1) but it could equally well be located in the local network (LAN,
- the LIVE content server in HAS 2 for example receives digital television content channels from a broadcast television network, not shown, and makes them available to client terminals.
- Client terminals 3, 4 and 8 can enter into communication with the LIVE content server in HAS 2 to receive one or more content (films, documentaries, advertising sequences, etc.).
- content films, documentaries, advertising sequences, etc.
- HAS adaptive progressive download technique
- URI Universal Resource Identifier
- All of these parameters are generally grouped together in a parameters file, called a description file. It will be noted that this parameter file can be a computer file or a set of descriptive information about the content, accessible at a certain address.
- Terminals 3, 4 and 8 have their own characteristics in terms of decoding capability, display, etc. In a progressive adaptive download context, they can adapt their requests to receive and decode the content requested by the user at the quality that best suits them. In our example, if the contents are available at the speeds of 500 kb / s (kilobits per second) (Resolution 1, or level 1, denoted Dl), 1000 kb / s (D2), 2000 kb / s (D3) and the client terminal has a bandwidth of 3000 kb / s, it can request the content at any rate below this limit, for example 2000 kb / s.
- the content number i with the quality j is denoted “Ci @ Dj” (for example the j-th quality level Dj described in the description file).
- the service gateway 6 is in this example a domestic gateway which ensures the routing of data between the wide area network 1 and the local network 10, manages the digital contents by ensuring in particular their reception from the network and their decoding thanks to the decoders that l 'it is assumed here that they are integrated into the gateway 6 or into the client terminals 3, 4 and 8.
- the decoders can be located elsewhere in the extended network 1 or local 10, in particular at the level of an element of STB type (of the 'English Set-Top-Box) (not shown) associated with a television set.
- the terminal 3, 4 or 8 firstly queries the service gateway 6 to obtain an address of the description document 7 of the desired content (for example, C1).
- the service gateway 6 responds by providing the terminal with the address of the description file 7.
- this file is a manifest type file according to the MPEG-DASH standard (denoted “C.mpd”) and we will refer indifferently, depending on the context, to the expression “description file” or “manifest”.
- this file can be retrieved directly from a local Internet server or external to the local network, or be already on the service gateway or on the terminal at the time of the request.
- MPD MPEG-DASH
- NI 512 kb / s
- N2 1024 kb / s
- N3 2048 kb / s
- the service gateway 6 proceeds to obtain the fragments via a download at these addresses. It will be noted that this download takes place here, traditionally, through an HTTP URL, but could also take place through a universal address (URI) describing another protocol (dvb: // my content segment for example).
- URI universal address
- the HDMI key 8 is connected to the television 5 by plugging into the latter's HDMI port, and is used to reproduce, on the screen of the television 5, a television program broadcast live, such as for example a movie, a series, a television program, an advertising sequence, etc.
- this television program is referred to as LIVE C1 content.
- LIVE C1 content is described in a manifest file 7.
- the HDMI 8 key is connected via WiFi ® directly to the residential gateway 6.
- the HDMI 8 key could also be connected via WiFi ® to another nomadic device on the home network, for example to the laptop computer. 4 or smart phone 3, through which it could access the extended communication network 1.
- the HDMI 8 key can also be controlled by the user by means of the smart phone 3, on which a software application for controlling the HDMI 8 key is installed.
- the content fragments obtained by the residential gateway 6 are, for example, transmitted via WiFi® to the HDMI key 8, which controls their display on the television screen 5, for return to the user.
- FIG. 2 represents an architecture of a multimedia stream reader terminal 9, or stream reader 9, according to one embodiment of the invention, integrated for example into the gateway 6 or into the terminals 3, 4, or 8 of the FIG. 1.
- this stream reader is integrated at the level of an element of STB type associated with a television (not shown). It conventionally comprises memories M associated with a processor CPU. The memories can be of the ROM type (standing for “Read Only Memory”) or RAM (standing for “Random Access Memory”) or else Flash.
- the multimedia stream player 9 comprises an adaptive HAS progressive download module capable of requesting a progressive download of one of the contents at one of the qualities offered in a description file 7. This description file 7 can be recorded for example. in the memories M of the multimedia stream player 9 or be located outside.
- the multimedia stream player 9 further comprises a module SEL for selecting an option for downloading and restoring a LIVE content C1.
- This module SEL is able to, on the one hand, determine whether the determined encoding rate depending on the bandwidth is less than a maximum encoding rate proposed in the description file, and on the other hand, make a selection, according to contextual information, of an option:
- the SEL module controls the adaptive progressive download module HAS, in order to force the latter to request the downloading of higher quality time segments.
- the SEL module is also capable of controlling the delayed reproduction of LIVE C1 content, for example on the television 5.
- the choice of the first or the second option can be made by the user of the terminal 9, through a dedicated interface, content by content.
- This pre-configuration can also be operated by the HAS service provider, for example the operator of the domestic gateway 6, at least for certain types of content or certain contexts: for example, for LIVE content for which the user has programmed.
- the choice of the second option can be adopted by default, to allow an improvement in the quality of the user experience during the deferred rendering of the content.
- the module SEL therefore interacts with a INTF user interface of the multimedia stream player 9.
- This user interface offers, for example, the display of a pop-up window on the screen of the television 5 or of the terminals 3 and 4, offering a choice of live playback to moderate quality, or delayed restitution with higher quality.
- this second option is accompanied by an indication given to the user of the expected waiting time before the start of the deferred restitution of the content.
- the SEL module is also able to determine a duration of pre-storage, in the buffer memory of the multimedia stream player 9, of the higher quality time segments to be downloaded.
- This pre-storage duration corresponds to the minimum pause time for reading, so that it then takes place in a fluid manner throughout the restitution of the content. At the end of this pre-storage period, it is ensured that enough time segments have been stored, so that the deferred restitution of the content can begin, without then being interrupted until the end of the content.
- the multimedia stream player 9 can also contain other modules (not shown) such as a hard disk for storing video fragments, a content access control module, a module for processing commands received from '' a tablet, smartphone, or remote control, through which the user can control its operation, etc.
- modules such as a hard disk for storing video fragments, a content access control module, a module for processing commands received from '' a tablet, smartphone, or remote control, through which the user can control its operation, etc.
- module can correspond just as well to a software component as to a hardware component or a set of hardware and software components, a software component itself corresponding to one or more computer programs or subroutines or more generally to any element of a program capable of implementing a function or a set of functions as described for the modules concerned.
- a hardware component corresponds to any element of a hardware set (or hardware) capable of implementing a function or a set of functions for the module concerned (integrated circuit, smart card, memory card, etc. .).
- such a stream reader 9 comprises a random access memory (for example a RAM memory), a processing unit equipped for example with a processor CPU, and controlled by a computer program, representative of the download management module.
- progressive adaptive HAS stored in read only memory (eg ROM or hard disk).
- the code instructions of the computer program are for example loaded into the random access memory before being executed by the processor CPU of the processing unit.
- the random access memory contains in particular the manifest description file 7.
- the processor of the processing unit controls the comparison of the encoding quality of the segments. times to download with the maximum encoding rate proposed by the description file 7, the display of pop-up windows or a drop-down menu on the screen of the television 5 or terminals 3 or 4, the selection according to contextual information:
- FIG. 2 illustrates only one particular way, among several possibilities, of producing the stream reader 9, so that it performs the steps of the method detailed below, in relation with FIGS. 3A and 3B (in any one of different embodiments, or in a combination of these embodiments). Indeed, these steps can be performed
- a reprogrammable computing machine a PC computer, a DSP processor or a microcontroller
- a program comprising a sequence of instructions
- a dedicated computing machine for example a set of logic gates such as an FPGA or an ASIC , or any other hardware module
- the user wishes to access content broadcast LIVE and in “http Adaptive Streaming” (HAS), such as a television program, a series or a film, on his television 5 connected to an HDMI key 8 incorporating a player of multimedia stream 9 according to FIG. 2.
- the multimedia stream player 9 comprises a selection module SEL, as a function of contextual information, of an option for downloading and restoring the content broadcast LIVE, a HAS module and a INTF user interface.
- the HDMI 8 dongle can be controlled via a remote control or via a software application for controlling a smartphone 3.
- the user via the playback terminal 30, ie the association of the television set 5 and the HDMI key 8 forming a stream reader 9 for example, sends during a step 301 a request, which passes through the gateway 6, indicating the chosen content to the LIVE content server in HAS 2.
- the LIVE content server in HAS 2 sends in response to this request a data stream representative of the chosen content.
- the LIVE content server in HAS 2 exposes a LIVE content C1 in the form of fragments C1 j @Dj encoded at different encoding rates Dj, where the index i designates a temporal identifier, or position, of the fragment C1 j @Dj.
- the stream reader 9 then begins to retrieve the time segments of the LIVE C1 content.
- This data stream is retrieved by the HAS module of the multimedia stream player 9, for example the HDM I 8 key, which controls its reproduction on the television 5 for viewing by the user.
- the HAS module is responsible for coming to retrieve the fragments from the LIVE content server in HAS 2 by choosing the video quality Dj according to the available network resource.
- the way in which the HAS client module chooses the encoding rate of the next video fragment to download is not described in more detail here: there are indeed many algorithms allowing this choice to be made, the strategies of which are more or less secure. or aggressive.
- the general principle of such algorithms is based on the downloading of a first fragment at the lowest encoding rate proposed in the manifesto, and on the evaluation of the recovery time of this first fragment. . Based on this, the HAS client module evaluates whether, depending on the size of the fragment and the time taken to retrieve it, the network conditions allow the next fragment to be downloaded at a higher encoding rate.
- Some algorithms are based on a gradual increase in the quality level of the downloaded content fragments; others propose more risky approaches, with jumps in the levels of the encoding rates of successive fragments.
- the HAS module recovers the manifest file 7 in order to discover the available fragments of the content broadcast in LIVE C1, and the various associated video qualities Dj.
- the SEL module of the stream reader 9 determines whether the encoding rate of the time segments of the content downloaded in HAS is less than a maximum encoding rate proposed in the description file of the LIVE C1 content.
- the SEL module detects for example that it cannot access the best quality of the LIVE C1 content, the download speed not being sufficient to read the LIVE C1 content at the best quality in real time. proposed.
- the stream reader 9 via the SEL module which interacts with a user interface INTF, then offers the user to select his preferred choice, that is to say: either access the content without storing buffer beforehand, but in limited quality, or on the contrary indicate to it that if it pauses its reading during a time of filling the buffer memory ("Tbuffering"), corresponding to a duration of pre-storage of time segments at higher speed, they can then view LIVE content in higher quality.
- Tbuffering buffer memory
- several distinct rendering qualities of the content associated with several distinct pre-storage durations of segments in the buffer memory, can be offered to the user.
- the SEL module of the stream reader 9 detects that the encoding rate of the time segments determined as a function of the availability of the bandwidth is less than an encoding rate proposed in the description file 7, the maximum rate in our example, then the SEL module proposes to select, as a function of contextual information, an option: of downloading the time segments at the determined encoding rate and of restoring the content in real time (first option); or
- the SEL module via an INTF user interface, offers the user to choose whether he wishes to opt for a real-time reproduction with a limited quality of time segments, or for a deferred reproduction with a quality. of higher quality time segments.
- the first option makes it possible to have a smooth real-time reading of the LIVE C1 content thanks to the adaptation of the encoding rate according to the bandwidth offered by the
- the second option allows him to do away with this adaptation of the video quality for download.
- HAS The user can for example decide to choose the second option if he wishes to take full advantage of the resolution quality of the screen on which he is viewing the LIVE C1 content. This is the case when the LIVE C1 content is viewed. for example on an HDTV.
- the HAS download management method allows the user to override the HAS download rules and force the download to a higher bitrate quality, or even to the maximum bitrate quality proposed in the data file. description.
- the user can view LIVE C1 content at higher quality and enjoy HD on his television 5 for example.
- the HAS module downloads, for example, successive Cli @ Dl fragments (i.e. the first temporal fragment at a rate of d 'encoding of 500 kb / s), then C1 2 @ D2 (i.e.
- the bandwidth does not make it possible to download the time segments at the best proposed quality, that is to say at a maximum encoding rate of 5000 kb / s.
- the HAS module downloads a first C1 ⁇ D1 fragment (i.e. the first temporal fragment at an encoding rate of 500 kb / s), then the following fragment C1 2 @ D2 (i.e. the second fragment temporal at an encoding rate of 1000 kb / s), then finally the following fragments at the same encoding rate.
- the various fragments downloaded by the HAS client module are transmitted to the television 5 via the HDM I 8 key, for example for their return to the user.
- the algorithm implemented by the HAS client module to determine which fragment at which encoding rate must be downloaded in normal operating mode can be one of the algorithms already existing in the prior art. This algorithm will therefore not be described in more detail here.
- the SEL module controls the HAS module which operates downloading, for example, successive fragments Cli @ Dl (i.e. the first temporal fragment at an encoding rate of 500 kb / s), then C1 2 @ D5 (or the second temporal fragment at an encoding rate of 5000 kb / s).
- successive fragments Cli @ Dl i.e. the first temporal fragment at an encoding rate of 500 kb / s
- C1 2 @ D5 or the second temporal fragment at an encoding rate of 5000 kb / s
- the higher encoding rate is the maximum rate proposed in the description file, namely 5000 kb / s in this example.
- the content is no longer reproduced in real time, but deferred.
- This second option takes place in two phases.
- PH_PSTOCK pre-storage phase
- the real-time restitution of the content is then interrupted during this pre-storage phase (playback of the content paused).
- the reading of the content can resume (phase ranging from T1 to T2).
- the module SEL of the multimedia stream player 9 determines the duration T1-T0 of pre-storage of the time segments in the buffer memory of the media stream player 9.
- This pre-storage period is determined taking into account:
- the instantaneous download rate of the terminal that is to say, the resource constraint, such as the availability of bandwidth
- This duration of the content C1 is determined during a step 304 illustrated in FIG. 3A during which the stream reader retrieves from the server program guides 21 the end time of the content C1 being broadcast.
- the stream reader 9 retrieves a program guide from which it then extracts the end time of the LIVE content C1.
- This end time makes it possible to calculate, as a function of the duration of the content C1, the quantity of time segments to be buffered before starting delayed play.
- this pre-storage duration is determined so that the buffer memory is empty at the end of the deferred restitution of the content C1.
- this phase therefore comprises a restitution of the time segments stored in the buffer memory in parallel with the downloading of subsequent time segments.
- the download speed of the time segments is lower than the content reproduction speed.
- the buffered video is consumed and the downloading of time segments representative of the broadcast video is continued, so as to continue to fill the buffer memory.
- the resumption of the reading of the content C1, at the instant T1 is only authorized from the moment when sufficient time segments have been stored in the buffer memory to ensure smooth reading of the content at the rate of encoding chosen, until the end of the content, taking into account the instantaneous download speed of the terminal.
- the stream player 9 pauses the reading of the content and stores in memory buffer of the time segments of the content C1 which is broadcast. This buffering is done as long as we have not stored enough time segments in memory to then ensure smooth playback.
- the stream reader terminal switches to deferred read mode. During the deferred restitution of the content already stored in the buffer memory, the following time segments of the LIVE C1 content are continued to be downloaded.
- the stream player When the buffer memory is completely empty at the end of playback, the stream player then switches to classic adaptive streaming mode.
- the instantaneous downloading rate measured by the stream reader terminal 9 is 5 Mb / s.
- the maximum quality of the LIVE content C1 available in the description file 7, i.e. the maximum encoding rate of the time segments of the content C1, is 7Mb / s.
- the stream reader 9 determines that the content C1 (for example a movie) must end in 60 min.
- the stream reader 9 must store in buffer memory a certain quantity of content before starting the deferred reading.
- Tbuffering the buffering time between T0 and Tl, also called pre-storage time (PH_PSTOCK);
- Tplaying the delayed reading time of the content C1 between T1 and T2 (PH_LECT), that is to say the duration of the content to be read, in this example 60min.
- the volume of content that can be stored in the buffer memory of the multimedia stream reader terminal 9 is equal to Tbuffering x 5Mb / s.
- a volume of content is stored in the buffer memory (namely the following time segments) at 5Mb / s, while another volume of content is retrieved from this buffer (that is, the content rendered offline to the user) at 7Mb / s.
- the resulting volume of content is equal to Tplaying x (5Mb / s-7Mb / s).
- the aim is to start reading when the buffer memory is just sufficiently full to arrive with an empty buffer memory at the end of reading.
- the minimum time to fill the buffer before being able to authorize the reading of the content to ensure playback in the highest quality throughout the content is therefore generally:
- Tbuffering ((MaxRate - DownloadRate) / DownloadRate) * ContentLength with:
- MaxRate which is the maximum encoding rate of the content, retrieved from the description file 7.
- the MaxRate is 7 Mb / s.
- DownloadRate which is the download rate, that is to say the available bandwidth of the communication network, measured by the stream reader 9.
- the DownloadRate is 5Mb / s
- ContentLength which is the duration of the content retrieved from the LIVE 21 program guide server.
- ContentLength is 60 min.
- MaxRate can be replaced in the formula by another rate, lower than this maximum encoding rate, but higher than the encoding rate authorized according to conventional HAS technology by the resource constraint of the terminal. , for example SupRate.
- the duration of pre-storage of the higher quality time segments in the buffer memory is of :
- the user must therefore wait 24 min before launching the delayed playback of the content at the best possible quality for smooth playback throughout the playback.
- the user is therefore offered, on the INTF interface, a choice between:
- the user can choose one of these three options, via the INTF interface.
- the module SEL determines that the duration of pre-storage of the time segments to ensure the smooth playback of the content at the maximum encoding quality is for example 24 min, or of 12 min at an intermediate encoding quality, but higher than the restitution quality conventionally offered in HAS.
- the SEL module via the INTF user interface, offers the user to choose one of the following download options:
- This proposal can be made for example by displaying a message in the form of a pop-up window on the user's screen.
- the user chooses, for example by acting on the remote control associated with the television 5, which of these three options suits him best.
- the user considers the wait time of 24 min to be suitable. It will therefore continue reading the LIVE C1 content at the maximum quality proposed by the description file, here 7 Mb / s, after a 24-minute break.
- the user considers that this waiting time is too long for him (for example because he has to leave his home in lhl5) and therefore decides to choose a deferred return of 12 minutes of the content C1, to the intermediate quality of 6Mb / s, which constitutes a good compromise between his personal constraints (he will have finished viewing Cl in lhl2) and the quality of restitution of the content.
- the reproduction is made at a quality lower than the maximum quality proposed in the description file, but higher than the quality of live reproduction of the content.
- This choice of live or deferred reproduction can be made content by content, or result from a pre-configuration, which can be operated by the user himself, or by the service provider.
- a pre-configuration is described in more detail below in relation to FIG. 6.
- FIG. 5B shows an example of display of a corresponding information message.
- the message displayed on the screen for example in the form of a pop-up window via a user interface, informs the user that the rendering of the content C1 will not start until after a 24 minute wait time.
- the user for example using a remote control or via a dedicated application on his smartphone, can choose to respect this pre-configuration and wait 24 minutes, or to give up obtaining maximum quality, and opt for a live reproduction of the content Cl.
- the user interface it is possible to display on the user interface a message asking the user to indicate how long he is ready to wait before the start of the deferred return of the device.
- Cl content The user can decide to enter manually, for example using a remote control or his smartphone via an application dedicated to controlling the user interface, a pre-storage period in the buffer memory, before launching deferred restitution.
- the multimedia stream player then calculates, on the basis of this information entered, the maximum encoding quality of the temporal segments of content that it can download to satisfy this constraint, and starts the deferred reproduction of the content, at the latest at the latest. 'after the duration entered by the user.
- the display of the messages illustrated in FIGS. 5A to 5C can, in one embodiment be preceded by the display of a message as illustrated in FIG. 6, signaling to the user the possibility of selecting at least the option of downloading the time segments at an encoding rate greater than the determined encoding rate and of delayed reproduction.
- the INTF user interface under the control of the SEL module, displays a message at the level of the user interface in the form for example of a pop-up window which appears on the screen.
- the message indicates that the content currently being viewed is not of the highest quality available, and that the user can, if desired, watch at a higher quality delayed.
- the choice of one or the other of the first and second options by the user is made for each message display, that is to say for each content being viewed.
- the choice of one or other of the first and second options is pre-configured as a function of one or more contextual components.
- this choice is active only for certain film type content and not active for other content such as sports, news, etc., at the user's choice.
- This contextual component can be chosen from:
- digital content such as for example a film, series, television program such as news, sports, documentary, etc.
- the user can, depending for example on the nature of the content, decide whether he wants all content of this type to be systematically watched at the best possible quality, which implies that they are sometimes watched offline, depending on bandwidth availability.
- the user can configure the stream reader 9 so that all the content broadcast at a given time is viewed later at the best possible quality.
- the user during the configuration of the programming of a recording of C1 content can configure that this recording will be made at the best possible quality.
- recording of LIVE content is not subject to fluctuations in bandwidth.
- the user can decide to configure that all the films are viewed later at the best possible quality except those broadcast at too late a time because the delayed viewing does not allow to finish viewing the film at a time. decent for the user.
- the user's choice to view LIVE C1 content in real time at limited quality (first option) or deferred at the best possible quality (second option) is made for example via a user interface offering in the form of a drop-down menu to select a category, a schedule and / or a recording schedule for which he wishes to opt for the second option 2.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
- Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1906834A FR3096541A1 (fr) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Procédé de gestion du téléchargement progressif adaptatif (HAS) d’un contenu numérique diffusé en temps réel, gestionnaire, terminal lecteur de flux multimédia et programme d’ordinateur correspondants. |
PCT/EP2020/063205 WO2020259911A1 (fr) | 2019-06-24 | 2020-05-12 | Procédé de gestion du téléchargement progressif adaptatif (has) d'un contenu numérique diffusé en temps réel, gestionnaire, terminal lecteur de flux multimédia et programme d'ordinateur correspondants |
Publications (1)
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EP3987820A1 true EP3987820A1 (fr) | 2022-04-27 |
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EP20723910.4A Pending EP3987820A1 (fr) | 2019-06-24 | 2020-05-12 | Procédé de gestion du téléchargement progressif adaptatif (has) d'un contenu numérique diffusé en temps réel, gestionnaire, terminal lecteur de flux multimédia et programme d'ordinateur correspondants |
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US (1) | US11778008B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3987820A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3096541A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020259911A1 (fr) |
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FR3116684B1 (fr) * | 2020-11-20 | 2024-01-19 | Orange | Gestion du téléchargement progressif adaptatif d’un contenu acheté, tenant compte d’un historique de niveaux de qualité de lecture de contenu par un terminal lecteur de flux multimédia |
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EP2897337B1 (fr) * | 2014-01-21 | 2022-01-05 | Alcatel Lucent | Dispositif de commande de lecture amélioré et procédé de transmission en continu de contenu multimédia |
US9712584B2 (en) * | 2014-06-02 | 2017-07-18 | Sony Corporation | Context-based adaptive streaming algorithm for a user device |
US20160191594A1 (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-06-30 | Intel Corporation | Context aware streaming media technologies, devices, systems, and methods utilizing the same |
US10567816B2 (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2020-02-18 | Comcast Cable Communications, Llc | Delivering content |
US10650621B1 (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2020-05-12 | Iocurrents, Inc. | Interfacing with a vehicular controller area network |
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2019
- 2019-06-24 FR FR1906834A patent/FR3096541A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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- 2020-05-12 US US17/597,025 patent/US11778008B2/en active Active
- 2020-05-12 EP EP20723910.4A patent/EP3987820A1/fr active Pending
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FR3096541A1 (fr) | 2020-11-27 |
WO2020259911A1 (fr) | 2020-12-30 |
US20220321632A1 (en) | 2022-10-06 |
US11778008B2 (en) | 2023-10-03 |
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