EP3982386A1 - Optimierter stromnetzschalter - Google Patents

Optimierter stromnetzschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3982386A1
EP3982386A1 EP21197091.8A EP21197091A EP3982386A1 EP 3982386 A1 EP3982386 A1 EP 3982386A1 EP 21197091 A EP21197091 A EP 21197091A EP 3982386 A1 EP3982386 A1 EP 3982386A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch element
switch
contact
pivot axis
secondary contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21197091.8A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Romain Maladen
Jérôme DOUCHIN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP3982386A1 publication Critical patent/EP3982386A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/38—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H9/386—Arcing contact pivots relative to the fixed contact assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/24—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with resilient mounting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/38—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using spring or other flexible shaft coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2235/00—Springs
    • H01H2235/01—Spiral spring

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of current switches on an electric line or cable.
  • a high or medium voltage power line is commonly equipped with a switch.
  • Such an electric line is intended to transmit a current in a distribution network, from a voltage source to the consumer.
  • the switch makes it possible to cut or establish the current crossing the line, by opening or on the contrary by closing the line.
  • the switch can allow an intervention on the line in order to manage the electricity flows. Combined with a fuse, it can also make it possible to eliminate a malfunction in the network, for example a short circuit.
  • the switch comprises two mutually movable contacts between a junction position, corresponding to the closing of the line, and a separation position, corresponding to the opening of the line.
  • the two contacts are separated in an insulating medium, in order to extinguish an electric arc which is established during the separation of the contacts.
  • the insulating medium is commonly sulfur hexafluoride SF6.
  • this gas has the disadvantage of being a greenhouse gas, the use of which is extremely harmful to the environment.
  • the present disclosure aims to propose a switch allowing current breaking in relatively high voltage lines which does not have the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the elastic biasing of the second switch element allows a movement of the second switch element opposite to the movement of the first switch element during the separation of the contacts.
  • the elastic biasing of the second switch element then contributes to the rapid separation of the contacts and allows the extinction of the electric arc. It is therefore no longer necessary to use a vacuum interrupter, while maintaining high performance in the current interrupting capacity.
  • the switch requires few moving parts for its operation, and it can be easily arranged between two portions of the line.
  • the figure 1 illustrates a switch 10 mounted on a medium or high voltage power line.
  • the terms “medium voltage” and “high voltage” are used in their usual sense, namely that the term “medium voltage” means a voltage which is greater than 1000 volts alternating current and 1500 volts in direct current but which does not exceed 52,000 volts in alternating current and 75,000 volts in direct current, while the term “high voltage” designates a voltage which is strictly greater than 52,000 volts in alternating current and 75,000 volts in direct current.
  • Such an electric line is intended to transmit a current in a distribution network, from a voltage source 30 to a place of consumption 32.
  • the place of consumption 32 can for example be a dwelling or an industrial plant.
  • the switch 10 is mounted between a first portion 12 of the line and a second portion 14 of the line.
  • the first portion 12 rises towards the voltage source 30, and the second portion 14 extends towards the place of consumption 32.
  • the second portion 14 could rise towards the voltage source 30, and the first portion 12 could extend towards the place of consumption 32.
  • the switch 10 can close the line, allowing the passage of current between the two portions 12, 14 of the line.
  • the switch 10 can also open the line, cutting the passage of current between the two portions 12, 14 of the line.
  • the switch 10 essentially comprises a first switch element 16 and a second switch element 18, both of electrically conductive material.
  • the first switch element 16 is movably mounted on the first portion 12 of the line.
  • the first switch element 16 can then adopt a closed position and an open position.
  • In the closed position the first switch element 16 joins the second portion 14 of the line.
  • the line is closed, and current can flow through the first switch element 16 to join the second portion 14 of the line.
  • Conversely, in the open position the first switch element 16 is separated from the second portion 14 of the line.
  • the line is open, and the passage of current between the first and second portions 12, 14 of the line is cut.
  • a separation stroke corresponds to the transition of the first switch element 16 from the closed position to the open position.
  • a closing stroke corresponds to the transition of the first switch element 16 from the open position to the closed position.
  • the first switch element 16 is here mounted in rotation around a pivot axis A.
  • the axis A is substantially perpendicular to the general plane of extension of the first switch element 16.
  • a separation stroke here corresponds to a rotation of the first switch element 16 around the axis A.
  • a closing stroke here corresponds to a rotation of the first switch element 16 around the axis A, in the opposite direction to the separation stroke.
  • the first switch element 16 can be controlled by an actuator 34.
  • the actuator 34 can in particular control the opening of the line when a malfunction is detected on the network or when an intervention must be carried out on the line.
  • the first switch element 16 comprises a main contact 20 and a secondary contact 22.
  • the main contact 20 extends between the first and second portions 12, 14 of the line to come into contact with the second portion 14 of the line.
  • the section of the main contact 20 is adapted to plug into the second portion 14 of the line.
  • the cross-sectional area of the main contact 20 is sufficient to support continuous current flow.
  • the main contact 20 forms a main current path between the portions 12, 14 of the line.
  • the secondary contact 22 is integral with the main contact 20.
  • the secondary contact 22 extends parallel to the main contact 20 from one end 22b mounted on the first portion 12 of the line up to a free end 22c.
  • the free end 22c of the secondary contact 22 is intended to request the second switch element 18 during the separating stroke and the closing stroke.
  • the secondary contact 22 touches the second switch element 18 the secondary contact 22 and the second switch element 18 form a secondary current path between the portions 12, 14 of the line.
  • the secondary current flow path makes it possible in particular to increase the breaking capacity of an electric arc formed on separation of the main contact 20 and the second portion of line 14 during the separation stroke.
  • the free end 22c of the secondary contact 22 has a first cam profile 22a to drive the second switch element 18 by cam effect during the separation stroke.
  • the free end 22c also includes a second cam profile 22d for camming the second switch element 18 during the closing stroke.
  • the second cam profile 22d may in particular be made of an electrically insulating material. The insulation makes it possible to prevent the passage of current through the secondary current passage path during the closing stroke, so as to protect the auxiliary contact 22 from a short-circuit during the closing of the line.
  • the second switch element 18 is movably mounted on the second portion 14 of the line.
  • the second switch element 18 extends between the second portion 14 of the line up to the vicinity of the free end 22c of the secondary contact 22 of the first switch element 16.
  • the second switch element 18 obstructs the passage of the secondary contact 22, so as to be driven by the secondary contact 22 during the separation stroke and the closing stroke.
  • the second switch element 18 is here mounted in rotation around a pivot axis X on the second portion 14 of the line.
  • the axis X is parallel to the axis A of rotation of the first switch element 16.
  • the displacement of the second switch element 18 then corresponds to a rotation of the second switch element 18 around the axis X.
  • drive of the second switch element 18 by the secondary contact 22 of the first element switch element 16 corresponds to a rotation in the opposite direction to the rotation of the first switch element 16.
  • the second switch element 18 is fixed to a biasing element 24.
  • the biasing element 24 here takes the form of a spring 24.
  • the spring 24 can in particular be a compression spring or a torsion spring.
  • the spring 24 urges the second switch element 18 towards a rest position, in which the second switch element 18 is oriented towards the first portion 12 of the line.
  • the driving of the second switch element 18 by the secondary contact 22 of the first switch element 16 acts against the spring 24, to move the second switch element 18 out of the rest position.
  • the spring 24 returns the second switch element 18 to the rest position.
  • the contacts 16, 18 then move in opposite directions.
  • the relative speeds of the second switch element 18 and of the first switch element 16 make it possible to increase the breaking capacity of an electric arc 28.
  • the electric arc 28 is formed in particular between the second switch element 18 and the secondary contact 22 of the first switch element 16 during a separation stroke.
  • the second switch element 18 here comprises a blade 19 and a pin 23.
  • Blade 19 extends in a plane substantially normal to axis X. Blade 19 is then parallel to secondary contact 22 of first switch element 16. Blade 19 extends between one end 19a in the vicinity of the axis A and a free end 19b in the vicinity of the free end 22c of the secondary contact 22 of the first switch element 16.
  • the pin 23 of the blade 19 is located near the free end 19b of the blade 19.
  • the pin 23 extends perpendicular to the blade 19, in the direction of the secondary contact 22 of the first switch element 16.
  • the pin 23 is intended to cooperate with the first and second cam edges 22a, 22d provided on the end 22c of the auxiliary contact 22 of the first switch element 16.
  • a portion of pin 23 intended to come into contact with cam edge 22d of auxiliary contact 22 may be made of an electrically insulating material. The insulation makes it possible to prevent the passage of current through the secondary current passage path during the closing stroke.
  • pin 23 may be devoid of electrically insulating material. Insulation can then be ensured by the cam edge 22d of the secondary contact 22.
  • the second switch element 18 and the secondary contact 22 of the first switch element 16 can be arranged between two panels made of insulating material 26, for example plastic, in particular polyoxymethylene (POM) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). ).
  • plastic in particular polyoxymethylene (POM) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
  • the first switch element 16 is in the closed position.
  • the line is closed.
  • the main contact 20 of the first switch element 16 connects the first portion 12 of the line and the second portion 14 of the line.
  • the current can join the second portion 14 of the line via the main current path.
  • the second switch element 18 is elastically urged towards the rest position.
  • the second switch element 18 is then urged towards the free end 22c of the blade 22 of the first switch element 16.
  • the separation stroke can be controlled by the actuator 34.
  • the first switch element 16 is here controlled in rotation around the axis A.
  • the first switch element 16 in particular the secondary contact 22, comes into contact, then drives the second switch element 18.
  • the contact occurs when the cam edge 22a of the secondary contact 22 of the first switch element 16 touches the pin 23 of the second switch element 18.
  • the electric current can join the second portion 14 of the line via the secondary path of current flow.
  • the contact occurs while the main contact 20 of the first element switch 16 always touches the second portion 14 of the line, so that the electric current can also join the second portion 14 of the line via the main current path.
  • the passage of the current is distributed between the main path and the secondary path according to the electrical resistances of each of the current passage paths. In this case, the section of the main contact 20, greater than that of the auxiliary contact 22 and of the second switch element 18, causes the majority of the current via the main current flow path.
  • the driving of the second switch element 18 corresponds to a rotation of the second switch element 18 around the axis X.
  • the cam edge 22a of the secondary contact 22 of the first switch element 16 causes by effect cam pin 23 of the second switch element 18.
  • the driving of the second switch element 18 acts against the elastic bias 24 acting on the second switch element 18.
  • the spring 24 is compressed.
  • the main contact 20 of the first switch element 16 When the first switch element 16 reaches an intermediate open state, the main contact 20 of the first switch element 16 is separated from the second portion 14 of the line. An electric arc is formed between the main contact 20 and the second portion 14 of the line.
  • the second switch element 18 is always in contact with the secondary contact 22 of the first switch element 16, so that the current can always join the second portion 14 of the line via the secondary current flow path. A current swing to the secondary current path is caused by the electrical impedance of the arc.
  • the first switch element 16 continues the rotation around the axis A while driving the second switch element 18.
  • the first switch element 16 is remote from the second portion 14 of the line.
  • the distance increases the impedance of the electric arc between the main contact 20 and the second portion 14 of the line. Associated with the electrical resistance provided by the secondary path of current flow, the electric arc between the main contact 20 and the second portion 14 of the line can be cut without damaging the ends of the main contact 20 and the second portion 14 of the line.
  • the first switch element 16 continues the rotation around the axis A.
  • the second switch element 18 is returned to the rest position by the elastic bias 24.
  • the return force of the spring 24 causes the rotation of the second switch element 18 around the axis X, in the opposite direction to the rotation of the first switch element 16.
  • the second switch element 18 moves away from the contact secondary 22 of the first switch element 16. More specifically, the end 19b of the blade 19 of the second switch element 18 and the end 22c of the secondary contact 22 of the first switch element 16 are remote from one another. the other.
  • the relative speeds of the second switch element 18 and of the first switch element 16 make it possible to increase the breaking capacity and therefore to quickly extinguish the electric arc 28.
  • the line When the first switch element 16 reaches the open position, illustrated in figure 9 , the line is open. The first switch element 16 is remote from the second portion 14 of the line. The second switch element 18 is in the rest position.
  • the closing stroke can also be controlled by the actuator 34.
  • the first switch element 16 is controlled in rotation around the axis A in the opposite direction to the separation stroke.
  • the first switch element 16 approaches the second portion 14 of the line.
  • the second switch element 18 is in the rest position, as seen in figure 10 .
  • the first switch element 16 continues the rotation around the axis A by coming into contact, then by moving the second switch element 18.
  • the contact occurs when the cam edge 22d of the secondary contact 22 of the first switch element 16 touches the pin 23 of the second switch element 18.
  • the electrically insulating material of a part of the pin 23 and/or of the edge cam 22d of the secondary contact 22 makes it possible to prevent the establishment of the current by the secondary current path.
  • the displacement of the second switch element 18 corresponds to a rotation of the second switch element 18 around the axis X.
  • the cam edge 22d of the blade 22 of the first switch element 16 causes by cam effect the pin 23 of the second switch element 18.
  • the secondary contact 22 of the first switch element 16 can then approach the second portion 14 of the line without being blocked by the second switch element 18.
  • the main contact 20 of the first switch element 16 touches the second portion 14 of the line.
  • the current can again join the second portion 14 of the line via the main current path.
  • the first switch element 16 releases the second switch element 18.
  • the second switch element 18 is returned to the rest position by the elastic bias 24.
  • the line then returns to the closed position of the figure 1 and 4 .

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
EP21197091.8A 2020-10-07 2021-09-16 Optimierter stromnetzschalter Pending EP3982386A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2010244A FR3114908A1 (fr) 2020-10-07 2020-10-07 Interrupteur de courant optimisé sur ligne électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3982386A1 true EP3982386A1 (de) 2022-04-13

Family

ID=73699061

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21197091.8A Pending EP3982386A1 (de) 2020-10-07 2021-09-16 Optimierter stromnetzschalter

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US11482385B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3982386A1 (de)
CN (1) CN114400162A (de)
FR (1) FR3114908A1 (de)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020025242A1 (de) * 2018-08-03 2020-02-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Trennschalter mit zwei relativ zueinander bewegbaren kontaktteilen

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016215699A1 (de) * 2016-08-22 2018-02-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Schalten von Mittel- und/oder Hochspannungen mit bestimmter Antriebscharakteristik
US10818452B1 (en) * 2018-08-30 2020-10-27 Robert Neal Hendrix Power outage isolation device
PL3624159T3 (pl) * 2018-09-11 2021-11-02 Abb Schweiz Ag Urządzenie przełączające

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020025242A1 (de) * 2018-08-03 2020-02-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Trennschalter mit zwei relativ zueinander bewegbaren kontaktteilen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US11482385B2 (en) 2022-10-25
US20220108849A1 (en) 2022-04-07
CN114400162A (zh) 2022-04-26
FR3114908A1 (fr) 2022-04-08

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