Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
  • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
  • E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
  • E04B2/46—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
  • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
  • E04B2/50—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having a general shape differing from that of a parallelepiped

Definitions

• the present invention relates in particular to a construction element as well as to a construction assembly comprising several elements allowing the composition of a wall wall using the elements in question.
• a preferred application relates to the building and public works industry, in particular for the production of low walls, retaining walls, noise barriers or others.
• patent publication WO2015117827- A1 shows a construction element of substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape offering a multiplicity of combinations of association with construction elements which are juxtaposed and / or superimposed on it.
• the present invention falls within this framework and provides for this purpose a construction element comprising:
• first wall defining a front face and a second wall defining a rear face, the first and second walls being spaced apart in a longitudinal direction;
• a third wall and a fourth wall respectively defining a first sidewall and a second sidewall spaced apart in a transverse direction, and each connecting the first and second walls, and in which the first sections of each of the first, second, third and fourth walls define a base face, and second slices of each of the first, second, third and fourth walls define another face, opposite to the base face in a direction in height, characterized in that the second wall defines a rear face parallel to the front face and comprises a portion of linearly increasing thickness in the direction of the base face joining the third and the fourth walls and forming an inclined internal face of the second wall, opposite the rear face.
• the inclined wall formed by the portion of increasing thickness forms a triangulation element favorable to the breaking strength of the second wall. The stability of the assembly is therefore improved.
• the linearly increasing section portion is to offer a surface favorable to the head-to-tail cooperation of two similar superimposed elements.
• the invention forms an inclined wall which can serve as an insertion guide for one element superimposed on another in one direction, while the inclined wall formed on the superimposed element provides insertion guidance in a direction perpendicular to it. the first one.
• the two elements can thus be nested one in the other in a progressive way, even if their relative starting position is not precise.
• the element is perforated, therefore of an advantageous volume / weight ratio.
• This perforated character can, moreover, pass through from the base face to the opposite face with two stages, which simplifies the manufacture, limits the weight and ensures a complete backfill which can pass through a plurality of superimposed elements.
• the element can be relatively heavy and, for example, cannot be handled by hand on the site.
• the formation of the inclined internal face of the invention simplifies the positioning by means of machines, even if the initial positioning accuracy of the element is low; the inclined internal face can be used in this context for progressive guidance to the final position of the element.
• the invention also relates to an assembly comprising a plurality of construction elements according to the invention allowing in particular the composition of a wall; this composition can be with a bend, such bend possibly being curved (concave or convex) or else at right angles.
• this composition can be with a bend, such bend possibly being curved (concave or convex) or else at right angles.
• at least two elements will be superimposed so as to form a stack.
• the superimposed elements can be offset in the longitudinal direction so as to form a retaining wall with a fruit. It is also possible to form angles, in particular at right angles by head-to-tail nesting of superimposed elements.
• Figure 1 shows the construction element of the present invention.
• Figure 2 shows the building element of the present invention when stacked first with a second building element.
• Figure 3A shows an example of stacking a plurality of building elements so as to make a wall wall with a right angle bend.
• Figure 3B shows a top view of Figure 3A.
• Figure 3C shows a perspective view of Figure 3A.
• Figure 4A shows a top view of the building element of the present invention.
• Figure 4B shows a side view of the building element of the present invention.
• Fig. 4C shows a side view of the building element of the present invention.
• the drawings are given by way of example and do not limit the invention. They constitute schematic representations of principle intended to facilitate understanding of the invention and are not necessarily on the scale of practical applications.
• the portion of linearly increasing thickness is followed, opposite the third and fourth walls, by an end portion of constant thickness.
• the terminal portion extends beyond the upper end of the front face at the level of the other face.
• the highest point of the element is, at this face, located on the second wall.
• the rear face is raised.
• the front side is the raised side. Thanks to these arrangements, the second wall can cooperate with a stop element recessed on the base face of a superimposed element, so as to retain, in a front / rear direction, the stack.
• the base face comprises at least one groove configured to allow the insertion into the groove of an end portion of another element.
• This arrangement allows the element to cooperate with a similar element by nesting.
• the groove is flared towards the base face.
• the overlapping in superposition of two similar elements can be achieved even if the initial relative positioning between the two elements is not perfect, the flared part serving to gradually guide the end portion in the groove.
• the element comprises several grooves.
• the portion of linearly increasing thickness forms an angle greater than 20 ° with the rear face.
• This selection offers a significant triangulation effect between the vertical parts and the horizontal parts of the element, an effect favorable to the absorption of forces.
• the dimension of the front face is at least twice that of the rear face.
• the other face has a flat bottom defined by a portion of the second section of the third and fourth walls, the flat bottom being connected by a first side, to the inclined internal face.
• the second wall comprises, in the transverse direction, a dimension less than or equal to the dimension of the flat bottom in the longitudinal direction.
• the flat bottom is located at half of the height dimension of the first wall.
• the base face of one of the elements is found at the same height level as the other face of the other element.
• the assembly comprises at least a first element and a second element superimposed so that the longitudinal directions of the first and second elements are perpendicular, the other face of the first element being in contact with the other face of the second element.
• the bottom plane of the first element is in contact with the bottom plane of the second element.
• the invention can be made from concrete, for example by molding. Concrete can have conventional reinforcement.
• the element is in one piece, in a single coherent element called a construction element.
• face is meant a two-dimensional element, the two-dimensional element is not necessarily located on the same plane and can be discontinuous.
• wall is meant a three-dimensional element, the three-dimensional element is not necessarily located on the same plane and may be discontinuous.
• the perspective of Figure 1 adopts a three-dimensional frame corresponding to three preferred directions of the element of the invention.
• the dimension L corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the construction element 1; advantageously, this is the main dimension of the element, but this case is not limiting.
• Dimension I corresponds to the lateral or transverse direction of the element; it is preferably oriented along the width of the wall composition to be constructed.
• the dimension h forms the height of element 1; although this is not limiting, it is advantageously in this direction that the height of the wall composition is constructed.
• the construction element 1 has a plurality of faces which can in particular serve as contact surfaces with other elements or with the ground, or serve as facade parts.
• a front face 2 is formed by means of a first wall 8 referenced in perspective view in FIG. 1.
• the front face 2 may be flat or may have a pattern making it possible to vary the decoration of the wall facade.
• a rear face 3 is also visible in all of the figures and is carried by a second wall 9.
• the first and second walls 8, 9 are parallel. between them. As shown in Figure 1, it is further advantageous that the second wall 9 has a width dimension smaller than that of the first wall 8.
• the first and second walls 8, 9 are connected by two other walls, respectively third wall 10 and fourth wall 11.
• the latter have a privileged orientation preferably perpendicular to that of the first, second walls 8, 9.
• the walls 10, 11 are directed along the height of the construction element 1.
• the third and fourth walls 10, 11 are mutually parallel. In the illustrated embodiment, they are spaced apart in the transverse direction and define, with the first, second walls 8, 9, an opening passing right through the construction element 1. This area can be backfilled during construction. from the wall.
• a preferred configuration is that the spacing between the third and fourth walls 10, 11 is less than the width dimension of at least one of the first wall 8 and the second wall 9.
• one slice of each of the four walls 8, 9, 10, 11 thus described defines a base face 6 of the element 1.
• This set of first slices is preferably coplanar so as to define a flat base face 6; however, it will be seen that it can include hollow areas serving for nesting with other elements. It is also preferably oriented perpendicular to the four walls 8, 9, 10, 11.
• the second wall 9 comprises a portion of linearly increasing thickness 13 in the direction of the base face 6 joining the third and the fourth wall 10, 11 and forming an inclined internal face 91 of the second wall 9, opposite the rear face 3.
• the inclined internal face 91 then makes it possible to better distribute the mechanical forces exerted on the construction element 1.
• the portion of increasing thickness makes it possible to define a space inside the element 1 and having the shape of a cavity opening progressively towards the front face 2. While forming this cavity of variable vertical section, the mechanical resistance is high thanks to the section important of the second wall 9 carrying the rear face 3 in its basal part. In particular, at the level of the junction between the second wall 9 and the third and fourth walls 10, 11, the quantity of material is large, which ensures good transmission of forces. Furthermore, when the element 1 of the invention is superimposed with a similar element 1, and there is a propensity of the wall thus formed to tilt towards the front face 2, the inclined face 91 formed by the portion of increasing thickness 13 forms a triangulation element favorable to the breaking strength of the second wall 9. The stability of the assembly is therefore improved.
• linearly increasing section portion 13 Another advantage of the linearly increasing section portion 13 is to offer a surface favorable to the head-to-tail cooperation of two similar superimposed elements 1.
• the invention forms an inclined face 91 which can serve as a guide for inserting an element 1 superimposed on another element 1 in a direction, while the inclined face 91 formed on the superimposed element 1 provides guidance of insertion in a direction perpendicular to the first.
• the two elements 1 can thus be nested one inside the other in a progressive manner, even if their relative starting position is not precise.
• the portion of linearly increasing thickness 13 is surmounted by a portion called end portion 14, opposite the third and fourth walls 10,11, said end portion 14 is characterized by a constant thickness.
• the end portion 14 then forms a notch, which can serve to improve the cooperation between the construction element 1 and another construction element 1 having at least one hollow intended to accommodate the end portion 14.
• the hollow is preferably located on the base face 6 and manifests itself in the form of at least one groove 61, hollow and notches are complementary.
• the limitation between the portion of linearly increasing thickness 13 and the end portion 14 is located at the same height as the upper end of the front face 2.
• the groove 61 is configured to allow insertion into the groove 61. of the end portion 14 of another element 1.
• This other face 15 is formed by second sections of each of the first, second, third and fourth walls 8, 9, 10, 11.
• the culmination of the construction element 1 is, at the level of this other face 15, located on the second wall 9.
• the rear face 3 is raised. Thanks to these arrangements, the second wall 9 can cooperate with a stop element recessed on the base face 6 of a superimposed element, so as to retain, in a front / rear direction, the stack as shown in FIG. figure 2.
• the groove 61 can be flared in the direction of the base face 6. Thanks to this shape, the overlapping in superposition of two similar elements can be achieved even if the initial relative positioning between the two elements 1 is not perfect, the flared part serving to gradually guide the end portion 14 in the groove 61. It is also very advantageous that the construction element 1 comprises several grooves 61. In fact, this makes it possible to modify the place of cooperation of the end portion. 14 relative to a superimposed construction element 1, so as to vary the fruit of the wall to be formed.
• fruit of the wall is meant the obliquity of the exterior face of the wall.
• the grooves 61 can extend over the entire length L of the element 1 in the longitudinal direction or can extend, for example, over only half of the length L of the element 1 in the longitudinal direction. Thus, it is easy to obtain many different stacking configurations depending on the position of the end portion 14 in one of the splines 61 of another construction element 1.
• the splines 61 may lie along the third and fourth walls 10 and 11 on the base face 6, in addition to being located at the level of the second wall 9 on the base face 6.
• the other face 15, thus constituted, has a first stage 151, called the front stage, corresponding to a portion of the second edges, in particular of the second edge of the first wall 8, and a second stage 152, called the rear stage, corresponding to a portion of the second sections, in particular of the second section of the second wall 9.
• the second stage 152 corresponds to the upper end of the terminal portion 14.
• the connecting edge 12 is preferably straight. It is advantageously perpendicular to the stages 151, 152.
• the other face 15 comprises a flat bottom 150 defined by a portion of the second slices, in particular slices of the third and fourth walls 10,11, the flat bottom 150 being connected, from a first side, to the inclined internal face 91.
• flat bottom 150 is connected by a second side to the connecting edge 12.
• the third wall 10 and the fourth wall 11 respectively define a first flank 5 and a second flank 4 spaced apart in a transverse direction, and each connecting the first and second walls 8, 9. A portion of the first flank 5 and a portion of the second flank 4 are then included in the bottom plane 150.
• the flat bottom 150 is located at half of a dimension in height of the front face 2.
• the base face 6 of one of the elements 1 is found at the same height level as the other face 15 of the other element 1.
• the end portion 14 is absent from the block, the upper end of the front face 2 and the upper end of the rear face 3 are at the same height.
• the grooves 61 are absent according to this embodiment.
• the first stage 151 comprises a portion of the second portion of the second wall 9 defining the rear face 3 and a portion of the second portion of the third and fourth walls 10, 11.
• the second stage 152 it comprises a portion of the second portion of the first wall 8 defining the front face 2 and a portion of the second portion, in elevation, of the third and fourth walls 10, 11.
• the height of the rear face 3 is greater and preferably equal to twice the height of the front face 2.
• FIG. 2 shows a first possibility of cooperation between different elements 1.
• the elements 1 are superimposed so that the base face 6 of an element 1 is in contact with the other face 15 of a item 1 located below.
• the end portion 14 of an element 1 is in the groove 61 of another element 1.
• the elements 1 are strictly superimposed without any longitudinal offset.
• the wall facade is then formed, without discontinuity, by the association of the front faces 2.
• the intermediate spaces between the superimposed elements, particularly between the first stage 71 of a lower element relative to the base face 6 of an element located above, can be filled in the form of backfill.
• the portion of linearly increasing thickness 13 forms an angle greater than 20 ° with the rear face 3.
• the wall wall has an angle, typically a projecting right angle.
• a first set of elements 1 is superimposed so as to form a first front direction; preferentially, this superposition is carried out so that the base face 6 of the elements is situated downwards and the other face 15 is situated upwards.
• a first stack of elements 1 is configured to cooperate with an adjacent stack of elements 1 of the first direction of the facade.
• advantage is taken of the multi-storey shape of the other face 15 of the elements 1.
• the elements 1 of this first stack of the second front direction are turned over relative to those of the adjacent stack of the first direction of the front. facade so that their base face 6 faces upwards.
• first stage 151 of these elements 1 is applied to the first stage 151 of elements 1 of the other stacking, the longitudinal directions of the elements being perpendicular between the two stacks assembled at an angle. It will be understood that the assembly thus formed alternates the fitting of an element 1 of the first stack and of an element 1 of the second stack.
• An element 1 of a first stack is in contact at least with another element 1 of the same stack and with an element 1 of the other stack.
• the aspect ratios of the elements are configured so that, in this position, the front faces 2 of the two stacks are in contact with or near, forming a right angle, by the edge of the vertical section of the first wall 8. elements 1.
• the connecting edge 12 of the elements of a stack is applied on one of the sides 4, 5 of an element 1 of the other stack. This provides great consistency in the turn, by multiplying the contact zones, both in a horizontal direction and in a vertical direction.
• the elements, along their longitudinal direction to have a dimension of less than 20% greater than their largest dimension in width, for example the dimension in width of the front face 2.
• the length of an element 1 is less than or equal to the sum of the width of its front face 2 (corresponding to the width of the first wall 8) and twice the maximum thickness of the wall 8.
• the length of an element is equal to the sum of the width of its front face 2 and the thickness at its edge of the first wall 8.
• the elements 1, preferably which are the highest in the stack of elements 1, each have at least two passage holes.
• the two passage holes of each element 1 are aligned so as to allow the passage of a bar, preferably an iron bar.
• Each element 1 can then be easily lifted by means of the bar.
• Figures 4A to 4C show different views of the building element. It will be noted that the element is advantageously symmetrical along a plane directed in the direction in height and in the longitudinal direction. The following possible dimensions are indicated without limitation:

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Finishing Walls (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

Family

ID=68733120

Family Applications (1)

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Family Cites Families (5)

• 2019
  • 2019-05-21 FR FR1905310A patent/FR3096379B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-05-15 EP EP20725185.1A patent/EP3973114B1/de active Active
  • 2020-05-15 WO PCT/EP2020/063690 patent/WO2020234181A1/fr unknown

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