Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
  • C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
  • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
  • C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
  • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
  • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
  • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
  • C05G5/23—Solutions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
  • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
  • C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
  • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
  • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
  • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
  • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a formulation comprising nitrification inhibitors and/or urease inhibitors and allowing an increase and/or improved maintenance of the nitrogen content in soil.
• the formulation may comprise a solution or an aerosol containing a hydrotropic agent and designed to be used in combination with a fertilizer such as a granulated, crystalline, and liquid and manure based fertilizer.
• the present invention further relates to methods of using such formulation.
• fertilizers are currently used to provide plants with nutrient elements like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium and magnesium.
• fertilizer improves the nutrition of the plant, promotes plant growth, increases the yield, improves the quality of the harvested products and ultimately maintains and promotes soil fertility.
• the fertilizer may be introduced into the soil as a liquid or as a solid.
• nitrogen is the most yield-limiting and costly nutrient element in crop production and, thus, is the primary nutrient in fertilizers.
• urea is used as primary nitrogen source in fertilizers, but also ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate or manure serve as a nitrogen source for fertilizers.
• Fertilizers alone are often not able to efficiently maintain or regulate the nutrient content in soil.
• the present invention intends to improve the performance of fertilizers.
• the object is solved by the solution according to claim 1 and 13, the aerosol according to claim 14, the use according to claim 15 and 18 and a composition according to claim 19. Further advantages, features, aspects and details of the invention are evident from the dependent claims and the description.
• the indefinite article “a” is used in the sense of "at least one", and in particular includes the possibility of a plurality.
• a formulation that helps to inhibit the nitrogen loss in soil is provided.
• the nitrogen or nitrogen-containing compounds can be transported with the water to the surrounding waterways due to the solubility of nitrogen and nitrogen-containing compounds (e.g. urea, nitrate) in water.
• nitrogen and nitrogen-containing compounds e.g. urea, nitrate
• degradation of nitrogen content in soil may take place due to volatilization of nitrogen, e.g. in form of nitrogen gas, ammonia or nitrogen oxides.
• the formulation helps to maintain a sufficient nitrogen concentration in soil over time.
• the formulation is a solution for use as a fertilizer additive. All or a part of the following aspects may also refer to a solution that is embodied as a fertilizer additive as such and/or which is not only suitable for functioning as a fertilizer additive.
• the solution for use as a fertilizer additive is a fertilizer additive, in particular, a fertilizer additive for solid fertilizers (granulated or crystalline).
• a fertilizer additive is a substance added to a fertilizer and/or a fertilizer additive is not a fertilizer.
• a fertilizer which may be added to another fertilizer does not correspond to a fertilizer additive.
• a fertilizer additive may be added to the fertilizer by the manufacturer when the fertilizer is made or by a local fertilizer dealer and/or by the user shortly before the fertilizer is applied to a target area, for example a crop field.
• the solution according to the invention may extend the time a particular form of nitrogen remains in the soil when used as a fertilizer additive as it prevents significant loss of nitrogen in the soil due to ammonia volatilization, leaching, runoff, and denitrification of nitrate.
• the fertilizer is preferably a readily-available nitrogen fertilizer.
• the fertilizer may be based on ammonia, ammonium salts (e.g. sulfate, nitrate or phosphate), or urea.
• the fertilizer may be a granulated, crystalline, liquid and/or manure based fertilizer.
• the fertilizer used in combination with the present invention is a granulated or crystalline fertilizer.
• the fertilizer preferably is water- soluble.
• a fertilizer additive is not a fertilizer it may be not subject to possible statutory rules that restrict components or amounts of certain components such as inhibitors.
• formulations according to one of the embodiments described herein used as fertilizer additive may be placed unrestricted on the EU market. For example, at the European level, the formulations are not restricted to the EU regulation on fertilizers stipulating which requirements mineral EU fertilizers must meet in order to be tradable. Furthermore, there are no minimum nutrient contents for fertilizer additives as set by the EU regulation for the various types of fertilizers.
• a fertilizer additive is highly flexible, e.g. regarding composition.
• a fertilizer additive may be highly concentrated and, thus, smaller quantities are required, so that storage and transport costs can be kept manageable.
• fertilizer additives can be provided such that they match to specific commercially-available fertilizers.
• the present invention mainly relates to a solution for use as a nitrogen fertilizer additive extending the time a particular form of nitrogen remains in the soil when the fertilizer additive is added to a fertilizer.
• the solution allows easy handling of the fertilizer additive as it allows any quantity to be added and allows easy application (for example in form of drips, spray, liquid flow or an aerosol) to the fertilizer, especially a solid fertilizer.
• a solution can easily be sprayed evenly onto a solid fertilizer.
• a solution intrinsically provides a consistent contribution of the solvent and the solute an even distribution of all ingredients on the surface of the solid fertilizer may achieved.
• the formulation may be a homogenous mixture comprising two or more components.
• the formulation may compose one phase.
• the formulation is a solution.
• the solution is a solid-in-liquid solution, wherein the solid-in-liquid solution comprises a solute comprising an inhibiting agent and an auxiliary agent helping to stabilize the solution.
• the agents may be preferably solids such that a solid-in-liquid solution is obtained.
• the solution is an aqueous solution.
• the aqueous solution preferably comprises at least 20 wt. % water and more preferably at least 30 wt. % water. Furthermore, the aqueous solution preferably comprises less than 80 wt. % water and more preferably less than 70 wt. % water.
• the formulation is a fluid comprising a solvent and a solute.
• the fluid is the solution as described in accordance with other aspects of the invention.
• the solute is solid before it is dissolved.
• the solvent is a protic solvent.
• the solvent may be a protic solvent but not an alcohol.
• the boiling point of the solvent is above 80 °C but below 185 °C, preferably above 90 °C and below 150 °C.
• the solvent is water.
• an aqueous solution or water as the solvent has the advantage that it is environmentally friendly and easy to handle, particularly, in comparison with solutions with organic solvents or phosphoric acid.
• the solvent is not an organic solvent or phosphoric acid.
• the object of at least one preceding embodiments may be better compatible for the environment then conventionally used fertilizer additives.
• the solution facilitates handling the fertilizer additive, since no special precautions have to be taken for storage or disposal.
• an aqueous solution is not flammable and non-toxic.
• the solvent comprises a blend of a protic solvent and an aprotic solvent.
• the solution exhibits a pH value which is at least 1.5 and/or does not exceed 5, preferably 4.
• the solution according one of the preceding embodiments has a (dynamic) viscosity between 0.5 and 100 mPa-s at 20 °C, preferably the viscosity is at least 1 mPa-s and/or does not exceed 50 mPa-s, more preferably the viscosity is at least 1 mPa-s and/or does not exceed 6 mPa-s at 20 °C.
• the solution may be provided such that it can be sprayed over a solid fertilizer, in particular a granulated or crystalline fertilizer, according to a predefined mass relation.
• a solid fertilizer in particular a granulated or crystalline fertilizer
• the solution is applied to and depending on the concentration of a certain ingredient of the solution, e.g. an inhibiting agent, a specific number on spray shots to the fertilizer can be specified in order to achieve an effective amount of the ingredient for the fertilizer.
• the formulation is an aerosol for use as a fertilizer additive.
• the aerosol comprises a sprayed fluid, i.e. fine droplets of liquid, in gas, wherein, preferably, the gas is air.
• the sprayed fluid is the solution or the fluid as described in accordance with other aspects of the invention.
• An aerosol for use as a fertilizer additive may ensure uniform surface coatings of a solid fertilizer when sprayed over the fertilizer.
• a spray can be filled in spray cans with defined amount of aerosol dispensed per spray shot.
• a method step of spraying the fertilizer additive onto fertilizer may be used.
• the spray or aerosol allows to apply liquid on a solid fertilizer without changing or harming the characteristics of the fertilizer as it allows to coat only the surface of the fertilizer.
• the solution of the present invention may be provided such that the (granulated) characteristics of the granulated fertilizer are maintained.
• the solution may exhibit a certain viscosity as stated above or may have a relatively high concentration of inhibiting agent such that only a small amount of the formulation must be added to provide an effective inhibition as will be explained in more detail below.
• the formulation of the present invention is not a suspension.
• the formulation of the present invention may dispense with suspension agents as dextran, gellan, rhamsan, guar, xanthan gums, tragacanth gum, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl acetates and cross-linked polyacrylates. This results in an improved manufacturing process reduced handling and stock issues and/or reduced costs.
• the solution may comprise an inhibiting agent.
• the solute may comprise an inhibiting agent.
• the inhibiting agent is solid before it is dissolved.
• the inhibiting agent may be a nitrogen stabilizer inhibiting biological processes in the soil.
• the inhibiting agent may inhibit either urease activity or nitrification or both. While urease is a soil enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of urea to ammonia and ammonium, the nitrification describes the biological oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and nitrate performed by organisms that inhabit the soil naturally.
• the conversion of urea to ammonia and the oxidation of ammonia to nitrates is beneficial to plants as only nitrate and ammonium are available nitrogen sources for plants.
• the hydrolysis of urea also produces ammonia which is gaseous and only small amounts of the gas can be captured by the moisture of the soil. A portion of the ammonia therefore always escapes and is lost as fertilizer.
• the conversion of ammonia to nitrate increases nitrogen leaching because nitrate is more water-soluble than ammonia.
• the inhibiting agent may be selected from the group consisting of nitrification inhibitor, urease inhibitor, and/or might be a combination thereof.
• the urease inhibitor may be a volatilization inhibitor, preferably, a chemical compound that impedes or completely prevents the activity of the enzyme urease.
• the inhibiting agent may reduce the urease activity of soil bacteria such that decomposition of urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide is reduced. Consequently, the volatilization of nitrogen into air is reduced.
• the inhibiting agent is N-butylphosphorothioic triamide (NBPT).
• the urease inhibitor may also be one of the following or a combination thereof: N-butylphosphorothioic triamide (NBPT), N-propylphosphorothioic triamide (NPPT), phenylphosphoric acid diamide (PPD), N-butylthiophosphoric acid triamide (NBTPT), monophenoxyphosphazene, b-mercaptoethanol, acetohydroxamic acid (AHA), thiourea, hydroxylurea.
• NBPT N-butylphosphorothioic triamide
• NPPT N-propylphosphorothioic triamide
• PPD phenylphosphoric acid diamide
• NBTPT N-butylthiophosphoric acid triamide
• AHA acetohydroxamic acid
• thiourea hydroxylurea.
• the inhibiting agent is a nitrification inhibitor, i.e. a chemical compound that reduces or completely prevents the nitrification by impeding soil organisms from converting ammonium to nitrate.
• the nitrification inhibitor is an N-heterocyclic compound.
• the nitrification inhibitor is one of the following or a combination thereof: 3,4-dimethylpyrazole or 4-chlor-3-methylpyrazole or phosphoric acid addition salts thereof; dicyandiamide; thiourea; 1-Mercaptol; 2,4-triazole and/or 2-ammino 4- chloro-6-methylpyrimidine; l-Carbamoyl-3-methylpyrazole; dicyandiamide or 2-chloro-6- trichloromethylpyridine.
• the inhibiting agent is dimethylpyrazole (DMP), preferably dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP).
• DMP dimethylpyrazole
• DMPP dimethylpyrazole phosphate
• the use of the latter comes with beneficial application characteristics, in particular if the initial material of the agent is DMPP in powder form, preferably having a purity - as measured by commonly known methods - of at least 98%.
• Small amounts of DMPP dissolve in water already without auxiliary agents, such that especially for DMPP high concentrations in the solution may be achieved, in particular, with help of hydrotropic agents as will be explained further below.
• only small quantities of DMPP are necessary in order to effectively impede the nitrification of ammonia or ammonium ions to nitrate in the soil.
• the amount of DMPP required to effectively impede the nitrification is about 10 times less than the amount of dicyandiamide.
• the inhibiting agent exceeds 10 wt. % of the solution.
• a highly concentrated solution could be important for an effective inhibition, in particular a sufficient effectivity of the fertilizer additive with regard to the fertilizer is obtained while the structural integrity of the fertiliser itself is maintained and not damaged by the fertilizer additive.
• the inhibiting agent exceeds at least 13 wt. %, more preferably at least 15 wt. %, as such concentrations allows an effective amount of inhibiting agent whereas a relatively small amount of liquid needs to be applied to the fertilizer.
• the solution does not contain more than 40 wt. % inhibiting agent. This limitation comes with the positive effect that the solution having the inhibiting agent remains stable.
• the solution exhibits not more than 35 wt. %, more preferably 33 wt. % of the inhibiting agent to ensure a stable solution.
• the overall weight of the inhibiting agent may be about 13 wt. %, 15 wt. %, 18 wt. %, 27 wt. %, 30 % or about 32 wt. % as such concentrations can be provided in a particularly stable solution and allow implementation of an efficient nutrient management practice with typical commercially-available nitrogen fertilizers.
• a fertilizer treated with the solution of the present invention would help slow down one or two important biological processes that cause significant nitrogen loss in the soil.
• the present invention may increase the life expectancy of nitrogen in the soil, more consistent, levels of nitrogen during the growing season may be achieved.
• the number of times the fertilizer is applied to the soil can be reduced.
• Increasing the life expectancy of nitrogen in soil while simultaneously decreasing the number of applications of fertilizer will lower the overall cost.
• such fertilizer may help to control the pollution of water and atmosphere since ammonia and nitrates are also harmful to the environment in several ways.
• the solution comprises a hydrotropic agent.
• the solute may comprise a hydrotropic agent.
• the hydrotropic agent is solid before it is dissolved.
• the hydrotropic agent may be an auxiliary agent helping to stabilize the solution, i.e. a solution stabilizing agent.
• the hydrotropic agent may be a chemical compound affecting the intermolecular forces of water molecules, i.e. the hydrogen bonds.
• the hydrotropic agent may be an amphiphilic compound with only a small hydrophobic part insufficient to cause spontaneous self-aggregation.
• the hydrotropic agent may break the structure of water and, thus, may help to provide a stable solution of the inhibiting agent in water.
• the addition of the hydrotropic agent allows higher concentrations of the inhibiting agent despite their usually poor solubility properties, especially, in protic solvents such as water.
• the hydrotropic agent may be selected from the group consisting of: amides including carbamides like urea, amoni acids, ammonium salts, carboxylates, hydrazides, phenols, amines including amino acids and/or ascorbates, and a combination thereof.
• the hydrotropic agent may at least one or a mixture of the following: urea, ammonium nitrate, sodium citrate, nicotinamide, sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate, benzyl alcohol, sodium gentisate, sodium gluconate, sodium ascorbate, sodium ibuprofen, lysine, isoniazid, sodium acetate, tryptophan, pheniramine, maleate, ethyl urea, methyl urea, dimethyl urea, resorcinol, sodium-p-hydroxy benzoate, sodium 2,4 dihydroxy benzoate, sodium 2,5 dihydroxy benzoate and/or butyl urea.
• urea ammonium nitrate, sodium citrate, nicotinamide, sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate, benzyl alcohol, sodium ascorbate and/or sodium acetate and a combination thereof is preferred.
• the above list includes hydrates of the compounds, e.g. sodium acetate includes sodium acetate trihydrate.
• the weight of the hydrotropic agent necessary to dissolve the inhibiting agent may differ in accordance with the type of hydrotropic agent and the concentration of inhibiting agent that may be desired. In general, already 0.1 wt. % of a suitable hydrotropic agent may be enough to increase the water solubility of the inhibiting agent.
• the hydrotropic agent may be contained in the solution by at least 5 wt. %, more preferably at least 10 wt. %. In a preferred embodiment, the weight of the hydrotropic agent is equal or less than 42 wt. %, preferred 40 wt. %, more preferably 36 wt. %.
• the hydrotropic agent is urea or a derivate thereof and its total weight is 20-45 %.
• the inhibiting agent is equal or less than 25 wt. % in this embodiment.
• the hydrotropic agent is urea or a derivate thereof used in combination with: sodium benzoate; or with sodium citrate and nicotinamide; or with sodium citrate, nicotinamide and benzyl alcohol; or with sodium acetate; or with nicotinamide and ammonium nitrate; or with sodium citrate, nicotinamide and ammonium nitrate; and wherein the total weight of urea or a derivate thereof is 2 to 45 wt. %, more preferably 5 to 35 wt. %.
• the inhibiting agent exceeds 13 wt. %, in particular 15 wt. %, preferably 24 wt. %, further preferably 30 wt. %, of the solution in this embodiment.
• the hydrotropic agent is sodium citrate; or sodium citrate in combination with nicotinamide; or sodium citrate in combination with sodium benzoate; or nicotinamide in combination with sodium ascorbate; or sodium acetate; or sodium ascorbate; or sodium salicylate.
• the hydrotropic agent preferably has a total weight of 0.1 to 35 wt. % of the solution.
• the inhibiting agent exceeds 13 wt. %, in particular 15 wt. %, preferably 24 wt. %, further preferably 30 wt. %, of the solution in this embodiment.
• the hydrotropic agent is sodium citrate; or sodium citrate in combination with nicotinamide; or sodium citrate in combination with sodium benzoate; or nicotinamide in combination with sodium ascorbate; or sodium acetate; or sodium ascorbate.
• the hydrotropic agent preferably has a total weight of 10 to 35 wt. % of the solution.
• the inhibiting agent exceeds 13 wt. %, in particular 15 wt. %, preferably 24 wt. %, further preferably 30 wt. %, of the solution in this embodiment.
• the formulation comprises an inhibiting agent and a solvating system.
• the solvating system comprises the solvent and the hydrotropic agent as described above.
• the solvating system consists of the solvent and the hydrotropic agent.
• the solvating system may be a water based solvating system comprising water as solvent and a hydrotropic agent.
• the solvating system may increase the solubility of the inhibiting agent and enable the inhibiting agent to be dissolved in high concentrations in water.
• the solubility may be increased by up to 250 %.
• the solvating system is environmentally safe as it generally does not contain chemical compounds harming the environment. Furthermore, the solvating system is relatively easy to handle as it is intrinsically safe for contact with humans and animals and due to the relatively high flash points (e.g. above 181 °C). In addition, the solvating system is able to maintain the inhibiting agent at relatively high concentrations, such as concentrations above 10 wt. %, in solution.
• the storage temperatures can be less than -20 °C.
• the solvent and the hydrotropic agent create a delivery formulation able to contain the proper levels of inhibiting agents which are described above.
• the solution comprises further ingredients.
• the solution may comprise other aprotic or protic solvents or ammonium sulfate. Those may have influence on lowering the freezing points and, thus, may help to improve solvating properties.
• the solution further comprises a dye, ink or food colouring.
• the colour may be used to specify the overall weight of the inhibiting agent in the fertilizer additive.
• a blue solution indicates that the fertilizer additive contains 15 wt. % of the inhibiting agent
• a red solution indicates that the fertilizer additive contains 30 wt. % of the inhibiting agent.
• Such colour coding may be useful regarding safety aspects as the different colours allow a fast and easy differentiation between solutions of different concentration.
• the colour coding may prevent accidental mix-up of fertilizer additives and, thus, may prevent accidental damage to the crop or a violation of national regulations caused by too high or too low concentrations of inhibiting agent for example.
• the solution further comprises scents or masking agents to improve the odor of the fertilizer additive.
• ionic, anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, and /or amphoteric surfactants may be added in order to improve application performance for granulated fertilizers.
• buffering agents may be added to the solution.
• the solution further comprises glycol, for example, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, trimethylol propane, glycerine, trimethylol ethane, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene/polypropylene glycol copolymer, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, tripropylene glycol butyl ether.
• glycol for example, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, trimethylol propane, glycerine, trimethylol ethane
• polyethylene glycols polypropylene glycol, polyethylene/polypropylene glycol copolymer, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, tripropylene glycol butyl ether.
• Glycols for example propylene glycol and/or polyethylene glycols, prevent crystallization of the solution and may lower the freezing point of the solution, e.g. for an aqueous solution from about 0°C to about
• the formulation is a composition comprising a fertilizer and a solution.
• the fertilizer may be any fertilizer that is described above.
• the fertilizer may be a granulated or crystalline fertilizer.
• the solution may comprise an inhibiting agent and a hydrotropic agent as those which are described above already. Also other aspects related to the solution which is described above can be applied to the solution of the composition.
• the invention relates to the use of a solution or of an aerosol as an additive to a fertilizer, i.e. a fertilizer additive.
• a solution or of an aerosol as an additive to a fertilizer, i.e. a fertilizer additive.
• All aspects related to the solution or aerosol described above can be applied to the solution or aerosol used as an additive to a fertilizer.
• the solution or sprayed fluid may be an aqueous solution comprising at least 20 wt. %, more preferably at least 30 wt. %, water.
• the solution or sprayed fluid may comprise an inhibiting agent selected from the group consisting of nitrification inhibitor, urease inhibitor, and a combination thereof.
• the solution or sprayed fluid may further comprise a hydrotropic agent.
• the fertilizer may be preferably a granulated fertilizer.
• the invention relates to a method for producing a solution.
• the solution may be a solution as already described above.
• the method comprises a mixing step where water is mixed with a hydrotropic agent and an inhibiting agent as those which were described before.
• the hydrotropic agent and the inhibiting agent may be preferably solids such that a solid-in-liquid solution is obtained. Mass relations or further ingredients may be chosen according to at least one of the aspects as described above.
• the mixing may take place under agitation.
• the mixing may take place in a mixing vessel.
• the mixing may take place at temperatures of about 0 °C to 60 °C or, alternatively, at a temperature of about 0 °C to 50 °C or, alternatively, at a temperature of about 20 °C to 40 °C.
• the temperature may be provided by using hot water or low pressure steam to control any hot spots on walls of the mixing vessel.
• the mixture may be heated to at least 35 °C, more preferably to at least 40 °C.
• the mixture may be jacketed and the temperature carefully controlled.
• the mixing step is done without or with minimal aeration.
• the mixing step may be finished if the inhibiting agent, such as DMPP or NBPT, is completely dissolved in water.
• the mixture may be cooled to about 25 °C or below and one or more other ingredients (e.g. dye, scent) may be added.
• examples 1 to 6 the components as indicated in Table 1 were charged to a vessel and mixed under medium agitation for 10 minutes, respectively. After the endothermically process of the dissolving urea has been completed the mixture was then heated to 40-50 °C for about 10 minutes under medium agitation until it was completely dissolved. Once dissolved, the mixture was cooled to 20 °C (room temperature) and then packaged off in an appropriate container for evaluation.
• the distilled water, DMPP, urea, sodium citrate and nicotinamide was charged to a vessel and then placed under medium agitation for 10 minutes. After the endothermically reaction of the dissolving urea has been completed, the mixture was then heated to 40-50°C for about 10-15 minutes under medium to strong agitation until it was completely dissolved. After the cooling process, benzyl alcohol was charged into the mixture and mixed for several minutes under medium agitation. Then, in a separate vessel, propylene glycol and NBPT where charged together and placed under medium agitation and heated to 40 °C for 10 minutes until it was completely dissolved.

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• 2019
  • 2019-05-20 EP EP19725713.2A patent/EP3972949A1/de active Pending
  • 2019-05-20 WO PCT/EP2019/062968 patent/WO2020233785A1/en unknown

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