EP3966905A1

EP3966905A1 - Cable holder for a cable of a wind turbine, and method

Info

Publication number: EP3966905A1
Application number: EP20718294.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Stefan Biehle
Original assignee: Wobben Properties GmbH
Current assignee: Wobben Properties GmbH
Priority date: 2019-05-08
Filing date: 2020-04-08
Publication date: 2022-03-16
Also published as: WO2020224909A1; US11846272B2; DE102019112031A1; US20220163017A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a cable holder (200), in particular for a cable of a wind turbine, to a cable harness, to a tower, to a wind turbine and also to a method for fastening a cable. In particular, the invention relates to a cable holder (200), in particular for a cable of a wind turbine, preferably for a medium-voltage cable connected to a medium-voltage transformer of a wind turbine, comprising a cable mount (220) with a funnel-like cavity (221) and also comprising an elastic insert (240, 240'), which is arranged within the funnel-like cavity (221), wherein the cable mount (220) and the elastic insert (240, 240') are arranged and designed such that the cable can extend through the funnel-like cavity (221) and the elastic insert (240, 240') can be clamped in between the cable mount (220) and the cable.

Description

Cable holder for a cable of a wind turbine and method

The invention relates to a cable holder, in particular for a cable of a wind energy installation, a cable harness, a tower, a wind energy installation and a method for fastening a cable.

Wind turbines are known in principle, they generate electrical power from wind. Modern wind energy systems generally relate to so-called horizontal-axis wind energy systems, in which the rotor axis is arranged essentially horizontally and the rotor blades sweep over an essentially vertical rotor surface. In addition to a rotor arranged on a nacelle, wind energy installations comprise a tower on which the nacelle with the rotor is arranged such that it can rotate about a substantially vertically aligned axis.

The towers for wind turbines are usually slim structures, which preferably have a great height and have comparatively small dimensions orthogonally to this height. Towers preferably consist essentially of concrete and / or steel or comprise these materials. The spectrum of tower designs ranges from lattice constructions or tubular steel towers with or without tensioning cables to concrete structures.

Different devices can be arranged within the towers of wind turbines. Usually cables extend from the nacelle and thus from a tower top to a tower base. The cables can, for example, be designed as low-voltage cables or as medium-voltage cables. The cables Within a tower of a wind turbine generator, plastic clamps, pulling stockings or metal clamps are usually arranged and fixed. In particular, when arranging heavy cables, for example those that exceed a meter weight of 9 kg / m, a large number of these fastening elements usually have to be arranged on top of one another in order to be able to carry the high cable weight. Plastic clamps, pull grips or metal U-clamps can damage the cables with high cable weights in conjunction with larger fastening distances.

In addition to the direct costs for these fastening elements, the arrangement of such a large number of fastening elements on the tower is complex and requires a high level of personnel, which can be associated with considerable costs. In addition, maintenance or checking of these fastening elements may be necessary at regular intervals.

Alternatively or additionally, the cable weight can also be carried by platforms arranged in the tower. For example, there is the possibility of leading the cable in an S-shape around a device arranged on a pedestal. This S-shaped guide can at least partially bear the weight of the cable so that it is introduced into the platform and from there into the tower. The devices with an S-shaped guide, however, require a large amount of space, since the cables usually have large minimum bending radii. As a rule, the platforms must be specially designed for this. In addition, the S-shaped routing of the cable is associated with a lot of effort during installation.

In order to be able to guarantee trouble-free operation of a wind energy installation, damage-free, current-carrying cables are required within the tower of a wind energy installation. In addition, the cost of building a wind turbine is a decisive factor for economic efficiency. With hub heights of now over 150 meters, the economic aspects of fastening the cables inside the tower of a wind turbine must also be taken into account.

In the priority application for the present application, the German Patent and Trademark Office researched the following prior art: DE 435 678 A, US 1 576 947 A, WO 2014/095 330 A1. CN 108 321 747 A, JP H06- 70 428 A. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a cable holder, in particular for a cable of a wind energy installation, a cable harness, a tower, a wind energy installation and a method for fastening a cable, which reduce or eliminate one or more of the disadvantages mentioned. In particular, it is an object of the invention to provide a solution that enables a more economical and / or technically improved fastening of cables within a wind turbine tower.

According to a first aspect, this object is achieved by a cable holder, in particular for a cable of a wind turbine, preferably for a medium-voltage cable connected to a medium-voltage transformer of a wind turbine, comprising a cable receptacle with a funnel-shaped cavity, an elastic insert arranged within the funnel-shaped cavity, the cable receptacle and the elastic insert are arranged and designed in such a way that the cable can extend through the funnel-shaped cavity and the elastic insert can be clamped between the cable receptacle and the cable.

The cable receptacle has the funnel-shaped cavity. The funnel-shaped cavity of the cable receptacle preferably extends from a first, upper opening of the cable receptacle to a second, lower opening of the cable receptacle, the upper and lower opening preferably being openings at the end of the cable receptacle. A cable passage axis preferably runs between the upper and lower opening. When the cable holder is in operation, a cable extends through the cable holder, in particular through the funnel-shaped cavity. In operation, a longitudinal axis of the cable is essentially parallel, in particular coaxial, to the cable passage axis. The cable receptacle extends in a radial direction orthogonally to the extension between the upper opening and the lower opening. Here, the cable receptacle extends in particular between inner walls.

The funnel-shaped geometry of the cavity means in particular that the cavity tapers. The funnel-shaped cavity can have a tapering section and, if necessary, also a section that is adjoining it, which is widened again. In particular, it is important that the funnel-shaped cavity has at least one tapering section, which in the context of this description is understood as funnel-shaped, so that a clamping effect can arise between the cable receptacle, elastic insert and cable. The funnel-shaped cavity can have straight, convex and / or concave courses. The cable receptacle preferably has the cable passage axis between the upper opening and the lower opening. The cable receptacle preferably has a cross section orthogonal to the cable passage axis. This cross section can be ring-shaped and / or angular, in particular polygonal. The cable receptacle can for example be designed to be rotationally symmetrical about the cable passage axis.

The cable receptacle can for example consist of aluminum or steel, in particular stainless steel, or comprise aluminum or steel, in particular stainless steel. The wall thickness of the cable receptacle, that is to say in particular the thickness in the radial direction, is preferably between 1 mm and 10 mm, in particular between 2 mm and 5 mm. The funnel-shaped cavity can have radial internal dimensions, for example diameter, between 50 mm and 140 mm. The radial outer dimensions can be between 150 mm and 250 mm, for example. In addition, the cable receptacle can extend between the upper opening and the lower opening with a height between 200 mm and 1000 mm.

The elastic insert is arranged within the funnel-shaped cavity. The elastic insert is in particular arranged and designed in such a way that it is clamped between a cable and an inner wall of the cable receptacle during operation. This wedging prevents or blocks a relative movement between the cable and the cable receptacle.

It is particularly preferred that the cable receptacle and the elastic insert are arranged and / or designed such that a cable can be extended through the funnel-shaped cavity and the elastic insert can be clamped between the cable receptacle and the cable, so that a movement of the cable in at least one direction is blocked. especially in the direction of the tapering of the cavity.

The elastic insert can also be designed such that two or more cables can extend through it. The elastic insert can for example also be arranged at least partially between the two or more cables. The elastic insert preferably comprises a cylindrical and / or conical base body in which two or more through openings are arranged, the two or more through openings preferably being aligned essentially parallel to the cable through axis of the cable receptacle. A cable can be arranged in each case in a through opening. In addition, it can also be preferred that two or more cables can be arranged in a through opening. A passage can be arranged between each passage opening and an outer circumferential surface of the elastic insert so that a cable can be inserted on the circumferential side. In particular, it is preferred that a movement in a direction from the upper end to the lower end is blocked, the upper end being characterized by dimensions, in particular by a diameter or a radial extension of a polygonal cross section, which are greater than dimensions , in particular a diameter or a radial extension of a polygonal cross section, of the lower opening.

The cable holder is preferably installed during operation in such a way that it is arranged on a tower, in particular an inner wall of a tower. The cable is then placed in the funnel-shaped cavity. The elastic insert is then inserted into the funnel-shaped cavity, in particular in such a way that it is located in an intermediate space between an inner wall of the cable receptacle and the cable. For example, the elastic insert can be arranged around the cable. Then a lifting device of the cable is relieved so that the cable is moved downwards by gravity. As a result of this downward movement, the cable pulls the elastic insert further in the direction of the smaller, lower opening of the cable receptacle and becomes stuck between the inner wall of the cable receptacle and the cable. Due to the frictional force between the cable and the elastic insert, the cable is pinched and thus blocked in its vertical downward movement.

The invention is based, inter alia, on the knowledge that the cables of wind turbines represent a sensitive device. In addition, the invention is based on the knowledge that medium-voltage cables are increasingly used in the towers, which have a higher weight per meter than previously used low-voltage cables. The previously known fastenings for cables within towers of wind power plants can therefore increasingly not be used for today's heavy cables without being able to exclude damage and / or ensure the economic efficiency of the fastening.

The cable holder is particularly suitable for a cable of a wind energy installation which has more than 6 kg / m, preferably more than 8 kg / m, in particular more than 9 kg / m. A cable with a meter weight of 9 kg has a weight of 270 kg for a 30 m section. As a rule, such weights cannot be absorbed with the cable assembly stockings, clamps or metal bracket clamps that are commonly used. The cable holder according to the aspect mentioned above is suitable for absorbing high meter weights of cable despite the large spacing of the cable holders from one another. As a result, fewer cable holders have to be provided overall in a tower of a wind turbine. Because of this smaller number of cable holders, the assembly effort is reduced. In addition, the inventor of the cable holder described above has found that the clamping enables a particularly advantageous fastening of the cables while being free from damage.

According to a preferred embodiment of the cable holder, it is provided that the cable receptacle is designed to be open on the circumferential side for inserting, in particular for circumferential insertion, a section of the cable into the funnel-shaped cavity.

The cable receptacle preferably extends from a first end face to a second end face, it being possible for these end faces to encompass the openings through which the cable extends. The cable receptacle preferably extends circumferentially between the end faces. In this preferred embodiment variant, this circumferential side is designed to be partially open and is therefore designed in particular to be broken. The open design of the cable receptacle enables a section of the cable to be inserted into the funnel-shaped cavity.

The section of the cable can in particular be inserted with an insertion direction that is oriented essentially orthogonally to the longitudinal direction of the cable. The cable receptacle is preferably designed to be open between the aforementioned end faces. As a result of this open design of the cable receptacle, the cable receptacle can first be attached to a tower and then the cable can be arranged in the funnel-shaped cavity. As a result, the fastening of the cable in the cable holder is simplified.

Another preferred development of the cable holder provides that the cable receptacle has an upper section and a lower section, an upper dimension of the funnel-shaped cavity in the upper section being greater than a lower dimension of the funnel-shaped cavity in the lower section, and preferably the funnel-shaped cavity in the has or have an annular cross section in the upper section and / or in the lower section. The upper dimension of the funnel-shaped cavity in the upper section is preferably to be understood as a diameter in the case of an annular cross section of the cable receptacle in the upper section. The lower dimension of the funnel-shaped cavity in the lower section is preferably also to be understood as a diameter in the case of an annular cross section of the lower section. The clamping effect described above is made possible by the different dimensions of the funnel-shaped cavity. The above-mentioned cross section is to be understood in particular as being orthogonal to the axis of the cable passage.

The annular cross section is preferably characterized by an outer diameter and an inner diameter. The annular cross section can also have oval sections. The funnel-shaped cavity can provide that the inner diameter decreases steadily from the upper end to the lower end. Alternatively, the inside diameter can also be constant in sections. In particular, it is preferred that the inside diameter in the lower section adjoining the lower end is reduced, in particular steadily reduced.

According to a further preferred development of the cable holder, it is provided that the cable holder extends from the upper end to the lower end in the longitudinal direction, the upper section adjoins the upper end and the lower section adjoins the lower end, and the cable holder has an insertion opening , which extends from the upper end to the lower end and is designed that a cable can be inserted through this into the funnel-shaped cavity.

The longitudinal direction is preferably aligned parallel to the axis of the cable passage. The longitudinal direction runs in particular between the end faces. The cable receptacle extends orthogonally to the cable passage axis or the longitudinal direction and orthogonally to the radial direction in a circumferential direction. The extension in the circumferential direction can be formed, for example, by a wall of the cable receptacle.

The insertion opening preferably also extends in the circumferential direction. The opening angle of the insertion opening can be greater than 30 °, greater than 45 °, greater than 60 ° or greater than 90 °, for example. The insertion opening can be tapered from the upper end to the lower end. The insertion opening is to be understood in particular as an additional opening to the front openings. The cable receptacle preferably has three openings, namely the insertion opening, an opening at the upper end and an opening at the lower end. The openings at the top and bottom are used to extend the cable through. The cable also extends through this during operation. The insertion opening is only provided for inserting the cable into the funnel-shaped cavity. The insertion opening is therefore preferably only used when installing or removing the cable in the cable holder or from the cable holder. The openings can be in communication with one another, in particular the openings at the upper end and at the lower end can be in communication with the insertion opening. In a preferred embodiment variant of the cable holder, it is provided that it comprises a funnel closure for closing the insertion opening, the funnel closure preferably having essentially the geometry of the insertion opening.

The funnel closure can, for example, be arranged on the retaining element explained in more detail below, the funnel closure preferably being designed so that after the cable receptacle has been rotated such that the insertion opening faces the closest tower wall, the insertion opening is closed. In addition, the funnel closure can also be designed as a screw or hook or comprise these or these, it being particularly preferred that the screw or the hook can be arranged in a corresponding opening of the holding element.

After a cable has been inserted through the insertion opening into the funnel-shaped cavity, the insertion opening can be closed with the funnel closure. The cable holder is preferably rotated after the insertion opening has been closed with the funnel closure. According to a further preferred development of the cable holder, it is provided that the cable receptacle is designed as a first jacket segment, which has a first circumferential extent running in the circumferential direction of less than 360 ° and forms the insertion opening, and the funnel closure is designed as a second jacket segment that has a having a second circumferential extent extending in the circumferential direction, the first circumferential extent and the second circumferential extent together amounting to essentially 360 °. The circumferential direction is aligned orthogonally to the cable passage axis or to the longitudinal extension of the cable receptacle. In operation, the circumferential direction is additionally also essentially orthogonal to a cable longitudinal extension of a cable which extends through the funnel-shaped cavity. In this embodiment variant, the first jacket segment forms the cable receptacle. The first jacket segment extends less than 360 ° in the circumferential direction. The insertion opening is thereby formed. If, for example, the first jacket segment extends with a first circumferential extent of 330 °, the insertion opening has a circumferential extent of 30 °. To close the insertion opening, the cable holder has the funnel closure, which is designed as a second jacket segment.

In the previous example, the funnel closure would have a second circumferential extension of 30 °, for example. Depending on the locking principle, the sum of the first circumferential extent and the second circumferential extent can also result in more or less than 360 °. Essentially 360 ° can in particular mean that the sum of the first circumferential extension and the second circumferential extension is between 358 ° and 362 °.

In a further preferred development of the cable holder it is provided that the cable receptacle and / or the elastic insert each have an annular cross section, and an outer peripheral surface of the elastic insert is arranged on an inner peripheral surface of the cable receptacle.

In this further development of the cable holder, the elastic insert is arranged on an inner peripheral surface of the cable receptacle. When a cable is passed through the cable receptacle, the elastic insert is arranged between the inner peripheral surface of the cable receptacle and the cable. As a result, there may be a jamming between the inner circumferential surface of the cable receptacle and the cable, since the elastic insert is arranged between them. In this way, the cable is fastened in a surprisingly simple manner in the direction of the cable passage axis of the cable receptacle.

Another preferred development of the cable holder provides that the elastic insert has a tubular and / or funnel-shaped geometry and / or the elastic insert is a rubber insert. In particular, it is preferred that the elastic insert has a geometry that corresponds to the cable receptacle. The elastic insert can consist of or comprise rubber, for example. In particular, it is preferred that the elastic insert consists of or comprises ethylene-propylene-diene rubber. In addition, the elastic insert can comprise or consist of one or more of the following materials: polyurethane, cellular rubber, elastomers, in particular styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, polychloroprene, butyl rubber / isobutene-isoprene rubber, polyolefin rubber / ethylene -Propylene rubber.

In a further preferred development of the cable holder it is provided that the elastic insert has a slot, and preferably the cable holder has the cable passage axis, the main direction of extent of the slot being oriented essentially parallel to the cable passage axis.

In particular, the component of the main direction of extent of the slot which is vertical during operation is essentially parallel to the axis of the cable passage. Due to the funnel-shaped geometry of the cable receptacle and the elastic insert arranged therein, the slot generally also has a slight horizontal directional component. The elastic insert can also be designed as a jacket segment, in particular as a slotted jacket segment. The jacket segment is preferably tubular and / or funnel-shaped. In particular, it is preferred that the elastic insert has an extension in a circumferential direction. It is preferred that this extension in the circumferential direction is 360 °, less than 360 ° or less than 330 °.

In addition, it is preferred that the cable holder comprises a holding element for arrangement on a tower, the cable receptacle being coupled to the holding element. The holding element is designed in particular such that it can be arranged for fastening to a tower wall and / or a flange, in particular a horizontal flange and / or a vertical flange, a tower wall segment and / or a pedestal within a tower. The holding element can preferably be arranged on a tower in such a way that it can be fixed in the vertical direction during operation. In particular, a vertical movement downwards is blocked. The holding element can be screwed or glued to the tower. In addition, it is preferred that the holding element has an insertion groove with an insertion width transverse to an insertion direction, and the insertion width is less than a diameter of the cable receptacle at the upper end, so that in a vertical direction a positive connection between the holding element and the cable receptacle is formed.

The insertion direction is preferably the direction in which the cable is inserted into the holding element through the insertion opening. The cable receptacle can have a collar at the upper end. This collar can be provided for a positive coupling with the holding element. The collar can be used to form a hanging arrangement of the cable receptacle on the holding element.

In addition, it can be preferred that the cable receptacle is rotatably arranged on the holding element. Due to the rotatability of the cable receptacle on the holding element, the insertion opening for arranging the cable in the funnel-shaped cavity can face the inside of the tower. After a cable has been arranged in the funnel-shaped cavity and the elastic insert has been arranged therein, the cable receptacle can be rotated such that the insertion opening faces away from the interior of the tower and, for example, faces a tower wall. In particular, it is preferred that the funnel closure closes the opening. A secure arrangement of the cable with the cable holder is thus possible and the cable is at least partially shielded and protected from the interior of the tower.

According to a further aspect, the object mentioned at the beginning is achieved by a cable harness for a wind turbine, comprising a cable, in particular a low-voltage and / or a medium-voltage cable, with a cable diameter, a cable holder according to at least one of the embodiment variants described above, wherein the cable extends through the cable holder, and a lower diameter of the cable receptacle is dimensioned relative to the cable diameter such that the elastic insert is clamped between the cable receptacle and the cable, so that a directed movement of the cable from the upper end to the lower end of the cable receptacle is substantially prevented .

The cable extends in particular from a first end face to a second end face of the cable holder, in particular the cable receptacle. An upper diameter of the cable holder is preferably larger than the lower diameter of the cable holder. The lower diameter of the cable receptacle is preferably slightly larger than the cable diameter. With a vertical movement in the direction of the lower end, the cable pulls the elastic insert with it in the direction of the lower end. This reduces the available space for the cable and for the elastic insert, so that the elastic insert is squeezed in, in particular, in the radial direction.

This squeezing of the elastic insert increases the frictional forces between the cable, elastic insert and cable receptacle. When a boundary friction force is reached, the sliding friction changes to static friction. When the static friction is reached, the vertical movement of the cable is prevented. If this movement is prevented, the cable is essentially blocked and thus fixed in the downward vertical direction.

A preferred development of the cable harness provides that a first coefficient of friction between the cable receptacle and the elastic insert is lower than a second coefficient of friction between the elastic insert and the cable. Preferably, the elastic insert comprises a first surface facing the cable receptacle and a second surface facing the cable, the first surface having a lower surface roughness than the second surface.

By providing such coefficients of friction, the function described above is made possible in an advantageous manner. In particular, by providing a second coefficient of friction that is greater than a first coefficient of friction, it is ensured that the cable takes the elastic insert with it to the lower end of the cable receptacle and thus squeezes the elastic insert there or in an area adjacent to the lower end comes. According to a further preferred development of the cable harness, it is provided that the cable has a cable weight of more than 6 kg / m, in particular more than 8 kg / m, preferably more than 9 kg / m. For example, a 9 kg / m cable has a weight of 270 kg / 30 m. It is also preferred that the cable has a length of more than 30 m, more than 60 m, more than 90 m, more than 120 m or more than 150 m. In addition, it can be preferred that the cable loom comprises two or more cable holders according to one of the embodiment variants described above.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, the aforementioned object is achieved by a tower of a wind power plant, comprising a cable holder according to at least one of the embodiment variants described above and / or a cable harness according to one of the embodiment variants described above. A preferred development of the tower provides that it comprises two or more cable holders according to at least one of the design variants described above, and the two or more cable holders more than 10 meters, more than 15 meters or more than 20 meters, preferably more than 30 meters Meters, are spaced from each other. Furthermore, the tower can comprise a cable harness according to the previous aspect with two or more cable holders according to at least one of the embodiment variants described above, the two or more cable holders more than 10 meters, more than 15 meters or more than 20 meters, preferably more than 30 meters Meters, are spaced from each other. According to a further aspect, the object mentioned at the outset is achieved by a wind power installation comprising a tower according to at least one of the previously described embodiment variants.

According to a further aspect, the above-mentioned object is achieved by a method for fastening a cable, in particular within a tower of a wind turbine, comprising the steps of: inserting a cable into a cable receptacle with a funnel-shaped cavity, and arranging an elastic insert in a space between the Cable receptacle and the cable, so that the elastic insert rests at least in sections on the cable and the cable receptacle. According to a preferred development of the method it is provided that it comprises the step or steps: closing an insertion opening of the cable receptacle with a funnel closure, and / or rotating the cable receptacle such that the insertion opening faces a tower wall; and / or relieving the cable in the vertical direction so that at least part of the weight of the cable is held by a frictional force acting between the cable and the elastic insert.

The method and its possible further developments have features or method steps which make them particularly suitable for being used for a cable holder, a cable harness, a tower and a wind turbine, as described above, and their possible further developments. For further advantages, design variants and design details of the further aspects and their possible further developments, reference is also made to the description given above for the corresponding features and further developments of the cable holder. Preferred exemplary embodiments are explained by way of example using the accompanying figures. Show it:

1: a schematic, three-dimensional view of an exemplary

Embodiment of a wind turbine; 2-4: schematic, three-dimensional views of an exemplary

Embodiment of a cable holder;

FIG. 5: a schematic, two-dimensional sectional view of the one in the figures

2-4 cable holder shown;

6: a schematic, two-dimensional, sectioned plan view of the cable holder shown in FIGS. 2-4;

7: a schematic, three-dimensional view of an exemplary

Embodiment of an elastic insert; and

8: a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a method for fastening a cable in a wind power plant tower.

Identical or essentially functionally identical or similar elements are denoted by the same reference symbols in the figures.

1 shows a schematic, three-dimensional view of an exemplary embodiment of a wind energy installation. The wind energy installation 100 has a tower 102 and a nacelle 104 on the tower 102. An aerodynamic rotor 106 with rotor blades 108 and a spinner 110 is provided on the nacelle 104. During operation of the wind energy installation 100, the aerodynamic rotor 106 is set into a rotary motion by the wind and thus also rotates an electrodynamic rotor or rotor of a generator, which is coupled directly or indirectly to the aerodynamic rotor 106. The electrical generator is arranged in the nacelle 104 and generates electrical energy. The pitch angles of the primary rotor blades 108 can be changed by pitch motors at the rotor blade roots of the respective primary rotor blades 108. The electrodynamic rotor or rotor of the generator is usually located in the nacelle 104. The electrical power generated in the nacelle 104 is fed into a supply network. For this purpose, the electrical power must first be conducted from the nacelle 104 in the direction of the tower base. For this purpose 102 cables are usually provided within the tower. In particular, a cable holder is provided in the tower 102, which comprises a cable receptacle with a funnel-shaped cavity and an elastic insert arranged within the funnel-shaped cavity. The funnel-shaped cavity tapers downwards in the vertical direction. The cable holder and the elastic insert are arranged and designed in such a way that a cable extends through the funnel-shaped cavity and the elastic insert is clamped between the cable holder and the cable. As a result, the cable is fixed in a downward, vertical direction.

Figures 2-4 show schematic, three-dimensional views of an exemplary embodiment of a cable holder 200. The cable holder 200 comprises the cable receptacle 220 through the funnel-shaped cavity 221 of which a cable 120 extends. The cable receptacle 220 extends from an upper end 222 to a lower end 226. The upper end 222 and the lower end 226 can also be understood as front ends of the cable receptacle 220. Adjacent to the upper end 222, the cable receptacle 220 has an upper section 224. Adjacent to the lower end 226, the cable receptacle 220 has a lower section 228. The diameter of the cable holder 200 is larger in the upper section 224 than in the lower section 228. The funnel-shaped shape of the cavity 221 is thereby formed.

The cable receptacle 220 has a collar at the upper end 222 which protrudes radially outward. This collar produces a form fit with the holding element 210. The holding element 210 has an insertion groove with an insertion width transverse to the insertion direction. The insertion width is less than a diameter of the collar at the upper end 222, so that in a vertical direction V a positive connection is formed between the holding element 210 and the cable receptacle 220. The cable receptacle 220 extends orthogonally to this vertical direction V in the radial direction R. In the plane of the radial direction R, the cable receptacle 220 has an annular cross section.

In the circumferential direction U, the cable receptacle extends with a first circumferential extent of approximately 270 °. Thereby, an insertion opening 230 is formed which extends at 90 ° in the circumferential direction U. As shown in FIG. 3, the insertion opening 230 is closed with a funnel closure 232. The cable receptacle 220 and the funnel closure 232 form a closed funnel-shaped geometry. After the funnel lock 232 has been arranged, the cable receptacle 220 can be rotated around the axis V in the circumferential direction U so that the funnel lock 232 faces a tower wall.

Subsequently, the elastic insert 240 can be arranged in the intermediate space formed between the cable 120 and the inner wall of the cable receptacle 220 and the funnel closure 232. A second coefficient of friction preferably acts between the cable 120 and the elastic insert 240. Furthermore, a first coefficient of friction preferably acts between the cable receptacle 220 and / or the funnel closure 232 and the elastic insert 240, the first coefficient of friction being lower than a second coefficient of friction. Consequently, when the cable 120 is moved in the vertical direction V, the elastic insert 240 is moved with the cable 120 in the direction V. Due to the funnel-shaped geometry of the cable receptacle 220, the elastic insert 240 is squeezed between the cable receptacle 220 and the cable 120, particularly in the lower section 228. If the elastic insert 240 is appropriately dimensioned in the radial direction R, the squeezing is so severe that the friction between the cable 120 and the elastic insert 240 changes to static friction. When the transition to static friction occurs, a movement of the cable 120 in the vertical direction V is blocked.

This squeezing of the elastic insert 240 between the cable receptacle 220 and the cable 120 is shown in particular in FIG. 5. It can be seen here that the elastic insert 240 is squeezed more strongly in the lower section 228 than in the upper section 224. The sectional view through the cable receptacle 220 can be seen in FIG. 6. It can be seen that the cable receptacle 220 with the funnel-shaped cavity 221 is present on the outside. The elastic insert 240 adjoins this, the cable 120 being arranged inside the elastic insert 240. The cable receptacle 220 is fixed positively in the vertical direction V within an insertion groove of the holding element 210 by means of a collar.

7 shows a schematic, three-dimensional view of an exemplary embodiment of an elastic insert 240 '. 7 shows, in particular, an end face and part of a circumferential side of the essentially cylindrical elastic insert 240 '. The elastic insert 240 ′ is provided for the case that three cables are to be fastened with a cable holder 200. For this purpose, the elastic insert 240 ′ has a first through opening 242, a second through opening 244 and a third through opening 246. A cable can be arranged in each of the through openings 242, 244, 246. Through the funnel-shaped cavity 221 of the cable receptacle 220, this elastic insert 240 ′ is also squeezed between the cables and the cable receptacle 220, so that the cables are fastened. In order to arrange the cables in the through-openings 242, 244, 246, they each have a through-passage 250, 252, 254 which connect the through-openings 242, 244, 246 to the outer peripheral surface of the elastic insert 240 '.

FIG. 8 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a method for fastening a cable in a wind turbine tower. In step 300, the cable 120 or two or more cables are inserted into the cable receptacle 220 with the funnel-shaped cavity 221. In step 302, the elastic insert 240, 240 ‘is arranged in the space between the cable receptacle 220 and the cable 120, so that the elastic insert 240, 240‘ rests on the cable 120 or the cables and the cable receptacle 220 at least in sections.

In step 304, the insertion opening 230 of the cable receptacle 220 is closed with a funnel closure 232. In step 306, the cable receptacle 220 is rotated in the circumferential direction U so that the insertion opening 230 faces a tower wall. In step 308, the cable 120 is relieved of load in the vertical direction V, so that at least part of the weight of the cable 120 is held by a frictional force acting between the cable 120 and the elastic insert 240, 240 '. The cable holder 200 described above enables the cable weight of a cable 120, in particular in a wind turbine tower 102, to be absorbed at a few points within the tower 102. This results in a high cable weight to be intercepted per cable holder 200. By squeezing the elastic insert 240, 240 'between the cable 120 and the cable receptacle 120, the cable holder 200 enables the cable to be secured without damage. In particular, the outer sheath of the cable 120 is less stressed than in the previously known solution. In addition, the cable fastening can be carried out without tools and the assembly of the cables within the tower 102 is simplified. In addition, the maintenance of the cable fastenings is associated with less effort. REFERENCE MARK

100 wind turbine

102 tower

104 gondola

106 rotor

108 rotor blades

110 spinners

120 cables

200 cable holder

210 retaining element

220 cable intake

221 funnel-shaped cavity

222 top end

224 upper section

226 lower end

228 lower section

230 insertion opening

232 funnel closure

240, 240 ‘elastic insert

242 first through opening

244 second through opening

246 third through opening

250 first run

252 second pass

254 third round

V vertical direction R radial direction

U circumferential direction

Claims

EXPECTATIONS

A cable holder (200), in particular for a cable of a wind power installation, preferably for a medium-voltage cable connected to a medium-voltage transformer of a wind power installation, comprising

a cable receptacle (220) with a funnel-shaped cavity (221), an elastic insert (240, 240 ‘) arranged within the funnel-shaped cavity (221),

wherein the cable receptacle (220) and the elastic insert (240, 240 ') are arranged and designed such that the cable can extend through the funnel-shaped cavity (221) and the elastic insert (240, 240') between the cable receptacle ( 220) and the cable can be clamped.

The cable bracket (200) of claim 1, wherein

the cable receptacle (220) is designed to be open on the circumferential side for introducing a section of the cable into the funnel-shaped cavity (221).

Cable holder (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the cable receptacle (220) has an upper section (224) and a lower section (228), an upper dimension of the funnel-shaped cavity (221) in the upper section (224) being greater than a lower dimension of the funnel-shaped cavity (221) in the lower Section (228), and

preferably the funnel-shaped cavity (221) in the upper section (224) and / or in the lower section (228) has or have an annular cross section.

Cable holder (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the cable receptacle (220) extends from an upper end (222) to a lower end (226) in the longitudinal direction,

the upper section (224) is adjacent to the upper end (222) and the lower section (228) is adjacent to the lower end (226), and

the cable receptacle (220) has an insertion opening (230) which extends from the upper end (222) to the lower end (226) and is designed so that a cable can be inserted through it into the funnel-shaped cavity (221). 5. Cable holder (200) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a funnel closure (232) for closing the insertion opening (230), wherein preferably the funnel closure (232) has essentially the geometry of the insertion opening (230).

6. Cable holder (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the cable receptacle (220) is designed as a first jacket segment, which has a first circumferential extent running in the circumferential direction of less than 360 ° and forms the insertion opening (230), and

the funnel closure (232) is designed as a second jacket segment which has a second circumferential extent running in the circumferential direction (U), the first circumferential extent and the second circumferential extent together amounting to essentially 360 °.

7. Cable holder (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the cable receptacle (220) and / or the elastic insert (240, 240 ‘) each have an annular cross section, and

an outer peripheral surface of the elastic insert (240, 240 ‘) is arranged on an inner peripheral surface of the cable receptacle (220).

8. Cable holder (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the elastic insert (240, 240 ‘) has a tubular and / or a funnel-shaped geometry, and / or

- the elastic insert (240, 240 ‘) is a rubber insert.

9. Cable holder (200) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein

the elastic insert (240, 240 ‘) has a slot, and

the cable holder (200) preferably has a cable passage axis, the main direction of extent of the slot being oriented essentially parallel to the cable passage axis.

10. Cable holder (200) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising

a retaining element (210) for arrangement on a tower, the cable receptacle (220) being coupled to the retaining element (210).

1 1. Cable holder (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the holding element (210) has an insertion groove with an insertion width transverse to an insertion direction, and

the insertion width is less than a diameter of the cable receptacle (220) at the upper end (222), so that in a vertical direction a positive connection between the holding element (210) and the

Cable receptacle (220) is formed.

12. Cable holder (200) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the cable receptacle (220) is rotatably arranged on the holding element (210).

13. Cable harness for a wind turbine, comprising

a cable (120) with a cable diameter,

a cable holder (200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the cable (120) extends through the cable holder (200), and - a lower diameter of the cable receptacle (220) relative to the

Cable diameter is dimensioned so that the elastic insert (240, 240 ') is clamped between the cable receptacle (220) and the cable (120), so that a movement directed from the upper end (222) to the lower end (226) of the cable receptacle (220) of the cable (120) is essentially prevented.

14. Cable harness according to the preceding claim 13, wherein

a first coefficient of friction between the cable receptacle (220) and the elastic insert (240, 240) is lower than a second coefficient of friction between the elastic insert (240, 240 ‘) and the cable (120).

15. Cable loom according to one of the preceding claims 13-14, wherein

the cable (120) has a cable weight of more than 6 kg / m, in particular more than 8 kg / m, preferably more than 9 kg / m.

16. Tower (102) of a wind energy installation, comprising a cable holder (200) according to one of the preceding claims 1 -12 and / or a cable harness according to one of the preceding claims 13-15. 17. Tower (102) according to the preceding claim, comprising

two or more cable holders (200) according to one of the preceding claims 1-12, and wherein the two or more cable holders (200) are more than 20 meters, preferably more than 30 meters, spaced from one another.

18. Wind energy installation (100), comprising

- A tower (102) according to one of the preceding claims 16-17.

19. A method for fastening a cable (120), in particular within a tower of a wind turbine, comprising the steps:

Inserting a cable (120) into a cable receptacle (220) with a funnel-shaped cavity (221), and

Arranging an elastic insert (240, 240 ') in a space between the cable receptacle (220) and the cable (120), so that the elastic insert (240, 240') on the cable (120) and the cable receptacle (220) at least in sections is applied.

20. The method according to the preceding claim 19, comprising the steps:

Closing an insertion opening (230) of the cable receptacle (220) with a funnel closure (232), and / or

Rotating the cable receptacle (220) such that the insertion opening (230) faces a tower wall; and or

Relieving the cable (120) in the vertical direction (V) so that at least part of the weight of the cable (120) is held by a frictional force acting between the cable (120) and the elastic insert (240, 240 ‘).