Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
  • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
  • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
  • H01H3/26—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
  • H01H9/0027—Operating mechanisms
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
  • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
  • H01H3/26—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor
  • H01H2003/266—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor having control circuits for motor operating switches, e.g. controlling the opening or closing speed of the contacts
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
  • H01H2009/0061—Monitoring tap change switching devices

Definitions

• the invention relates to a switch arrangement with a switch and a drive system for the switch and a method for driving a switch.
• switches for different tasks and with different requirements. To operate the respective switches, they must be driven by a drive system. These switches are, among other things, on-load tap-changers, diverter switches, selector switches, double-turners, reversers, preselectors, circuit-breakers, load switches or disconnectors.
• On-load tap-changers are used, for example, for uninterrupted switching between different winding taps of electrical equipment, such as a power transformer or a controllable choke.
• electrical equipment such as a power transformer or a controllable choke.
• the transmission ratio of the transformer or the inductance of the choke can be changed.
• Double turners are used to reverse the polarity of windings during operation of the power transformer.
• the improved concept is based on the idea of designing the drive system as a servo drive system and equipping it with a programmable safety controller by means of which a power section of the drive system is controlled or regulated.
• a switch arrangement which has a Includes switch and a servo drive system for the switch.
• the servo drive system has a motor for driving the switch, a power unit to supply the motor with energy and a control unit designed as a programmable safety controller for controlling the power unit as a function of at least one setpoint value.
• the switch can be designed as an on-load tap-changer or a diverter switch or selector or a double turner or a reverser or a preselector or a circuit breaker or a load switch or a disconnector.
• a servo drive system is a drive system that controls the motor electronically, whereby the control can include a position, angle or position control, a speed or rotational speed control, an acceleration control and / or a torque control.
• the term servo drive system therefore implies that the drive system has a device for detecting one or more of the mentioned control variables and for feeding back a corresponding feedback signal to the control unit and that the control is carried out using the feedback signal.
• the activation of the power section as a function of the at least one setpoint value corresponds to regulation in this sense.
• the programmable safety controller refers to a controller which contains two processor units, in particular two programmable logic controllers, PLCs.
• the two processor units use the same process image of inputs and outputs of the control unit and process an application program stored in the control unit in parallel.
• the user program contains a multiplicity of instructions. If the instructions are carried out by the control unit, this results in the control of the power unit as a function of the setpoint. This drives the motor and ultimately the switch to perform one or more operations, for example a switchover between two winding taps of an item of equipment or parts of the switchover, such as a load switchover, a selector actuation or a preselector actuation.
• the motor for driving the switch in particular on-load tap changer, diverter switch, selector, double reverser, reverser, preselector, circuit breaker, load switch, via one or more gears with a shaft or another component of the switch, in particular on-load tap changer, diverter switch, Voter, double turn, Wenders, preselector, circuit breaker, load switch, coupled.
• the power section is designed as a converter, in particular a servo converter, or as an equivalent electronic, in particular fully electronic, unit for drive machines.
• control unit includes a first and a second processor unit.
• the control unit is set up to process a program, in particular the user program, to implement a switching command for the switch, the first and second processor units processing the program in parallel.
• programmable safety controller as a control unit and the associated redundancy increases the operational reliability of the switch arrangement.
• control unit is set up to carry out at least one comparison between the first and the second processor unit, in particular a continuous comparison, while the program is being processed.
• the comparison includes a comparison, in particular a cyclical comparison, of a process image of the first processor unit with a process image of the second processor unit.
• control unit is set up to initiate a security measure as a function of a result, in particular in the case of a negative result, at least one adjustment or comparison of the process images.
• the safety measure includes a safe shutdown of the motor, a blocking or shutdown of the power section, or a triggering of a circuit breaker that connects or disconnects the equipment to an energy network.
• the motor is safely stopped in particular in such a way that the on-load tap-changer is in a safe position after it has been safely stopped.
• the initiation of the safety measure includes the output of at least one safety signal.
• the safe stopping of the motor includes a safety function which corresponds to a stop category according to the industrial standard EN 60204-1: 2006, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
• the safe stopping of the motor includes a safe torque-off, STO, safety function, safe-stop-1, SS1, safety function, safe-stop-2, SS2, safety function, or safe-operation-stop , SOS, safety function.
• hardware of the first processor unit differs from hardware of the second processor unit.
• control unit is set up to check a locking condition of two or more components of the switch arrangement.
• the components of the switch arrangement can include components of the switch, in the case of an on-load tap-changer, for example, a selector, a preselector, a polarity circuit or a diverter switch of the on-load tap-changer.
• the components of the switch arrangement can also include components that are not part of the switch, in particular components of a further switch of the switch arrangement or of another switching component of the switch arrangement.
• components of a further switch of the switch arrangement In the case of two switches, which are designed as on-load tap-changers, they can be, for example, on-load tap-changers for different phases of the energy network.
• the other switching components can include, for example, a double turner, turner, circuit breaker, load switch.
• the locking condition can correspond to a specification that one of the components may only be operated or may not be operated when another of the components is in a certain state, for example a certain position, a certain switching state or a certain movement state .
• control unit is set up to initiate the security measure depending on a result, in particular in the case of a negative result of the check of the locking condition.
• the switch arrangement is assigned to an electrical operating means, for example a power transformer or a phase shifter transformer.
• control unit has inputs and outputs, which are designed as clocked inputs or outputs.
• control unit is set up to check the presence of a cross circuit using input signals that are present at the inputs and / or using output signals that are present at the outputs.
• a short circuit between connecting lines of two adjacent inputs or outputs is called a cross circuit.
• control unit is set up to initiate the safety measure as a function of a result of the test, in particular if a cross circuit is present.
• a method for driving a switch arrangement comprises controlling a power section of the switch arrangement by a programmable safety control as a function of a setpoint value and implementing a switching command for a switch of the switch arrangement.
• the switching command is implemented by processing a program in parallel using two processor units.
• Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a further exemplary embodiment of a switch arrangement according to the improved concept.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a switch arrangement according to the improved concept with a switch 17 and a servo drive system which is connected to the switch 17 via a drive shaft 16.
• the servo drive system 2 includes a motor 12 which can drive the drive shaft 16 via a motor shaft 14 and optionally via a gearbox 15.
• a control device 3 of the servo drive system 2 comprises a power unit 1 1, which contains, for example, a servo converter, for the controlled or regulated energy supply of the motor 12 and a control unit 10 for controlling the power unit 1 1, for example via a bus 18.
• the servo drive system 2 can have an encoder system 13 which serves as a feedback system or is part of the feedback system and is connected to the power unit 11. Furthermore, the encoder system 13 is coupled directly or indirectly to the drive shaft 16.
• the encoder system 13 is set up to detect a value for a position, in particular an angular position, for example an absolute angular position, of the drive shaft 16 and to generate a feedback signal based thereon.
• the encoder system 13 can include, for example, an absolute encoder, in particular a multi-turn absolute encoder, which is attached to the drive shaft 16, the motor shaft 14 or another shaft whose position is clearly linked to the absolute position of the drive shaft 17.
• the position of the drive shaft 17 can be clearly determined from the position of the motor shaft 14, for example via a gear ratio of the transmission 14.
• the control device 3, in particular the control unit 10 and / or the power unit 11, is set up to control the motor 12 depending on the To control or regulate the feedback signal.
• the attachment of the absolute encoder is designed, for example, as a combination of a form-fitting connection with a non-positive or material-locking connection.
• the control unit 10 is designed as a programmable safety controller and includes, for example, a first and a second programmable logic controller 6, 7. To implement a switching command for the on-load tap-changer, the programmable controllers 6, 7, for example, execute a program in parallel.
• the programmable logic controllers 6, 7 can synchronize one another, in particular cyclically or continuously.
• the comparison can include, for example, a comparison of calculation results, checksums or the like.
• the programmable logic controllers 6, 7 contain different hardware components or are designed as different types or models.
• Inputs and outputs of the control unit 10 can be performed as clocked inputs and outputs.
• the control unit can use a comparison of an input signal with an output signal to recognize clock deviations, for example deviations in period durations or edges of the signals.
• Cross-circuits for example, can be detected based on the clock deviations.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a further exemplary embodiment of a switch arrangement according to the improved concept, which is based on the embodiment according to FIG.
• the switch device here optionally has a switch cabinet 21, within which the control unit 10, the power unit 11 and an optional man-machine interface 19 are arranged.
• the man-machine interface 19 is connected to the control unit 10 and can, for example, serve for control, maintenance or configuration purposes.
• the motor 12, the motor shaft 14, the encoder system 13 and / or the transmission 15 can be arranged inside or outside the control cabinet.
• the switch arrangement in particular the control unit 10, is coupled to a safety device 20 which, for example, includes a power switch or circuit breaker in order to disconnect the switch arrangement or an electrical device to which the switch arrangement is assigned from an energy network, for example in the case of an error or a malfunction of the tap changer arrangement.
• a safety device 20 which, for example, includes a power switch or circuit breaker in order to disconnect the switch arrangement or an electrical device to which the switch arrangement is assigned from an energy network, for example in the case of an error or a malfunction of the tap changer arrangement.
• the operational safety of the servo drive system, the on-load tap changer and the operating equipment is increased. This is achieved in particular through the use of the programmable safety controller as a control unit and the associated redundancy.

Landscapes

• Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)
• Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
• Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=70456785

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 2019
  • 2019-05-15 DE DE102019112714.9A patent/DE102019112714A1/de active Pending
• 2020
  • 2020-04-23 EP EP20721218.4A patent/EP3963610A1/de active Pending
  • 2020-04-23 CN CN202080034544.3A patent/CN113795900A/zh active Pending
  • 2020-04-23 WO PCT/EP2020/061295 patent/WO2020229131A1/de unknown
  • 2020-04-23 US US17/611,208 patent/US20220230817A1/en active Pending

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