EP3959712A1 - Controle actif d'une installation a double paroi - Google Patents
Controle actif d'une installation a double paroiInfo
- Publication number
- EP3959712A1 EP3959712A1 EP20719482.0A EP20719482A EP3959712A1 EP 3959712 A1 EP3959712 A1 EP 3959712A1 EP 20719482 A EP20719482 A EP 20719482A EP 3959712 A1 EP3959712 A1 EP 3959712A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- noise
- measurements
- real
- virtual
- sensors
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
- E06B3/6707—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased acoustical insulation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
- E06B5/20—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for insulation against noise
- E06B5/205—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for insulation against noise windows therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/102—Two dimensional
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/118—Panels, e.g. active sound-absorption panels or noise barriers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/129—Vibration, e.g. instead of, or in addition to, acoustic noise
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/129—Vibration, e.g. instead of, or in addition to, acoustic noise
- G10K2210/1291—Anti-Vibration-Control, e.g. reducing vibrations in panels or beams
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method, a program and an active control system of a double-wall installation.
- Partitions and glazing systems in buildings sometimes have double walls allowing the acoustic and thermal insulation of spaces. Some of these double walls have insufficient acoustic insulation performance and need to be improved.
- double glazing Double Glazing Units
- DGU Double Glazing Units
- double glazing exhibits a loss of acoustic performance around a resonant frequency called the respiration frequency, which is most of the time a low frequency. More precisely, the loss of acoustic performance takes place over a frequency band located around the breathing frequency.
- the respiration rate is located at low frequencies, for example between 50 Hz and 250 Hz, for example between 50 Hz and 200 Hz.
- An active control strategy can be put in place to compensate for this loss.
- Vinolas relates to a virtual microphone method ("Virtual Microphone Technique)" for estimating the sound pressure at a point from microphones located at other points in the case of an application for a bed in a sleeper train.
- Virtual Microphone Technique for estimating the sound pressure at a point from microphones located at other points in the case of an application for a bed in a sleeper train.
- Other applications of the "Virtual Microphone Technique” method concern an active headrest.
- a method of active control of a double-walled installation is proposed.
- the double wall includes a cavity.
- Said cavity comprises a central part and a peripheral part.
- the method comprises the acquisition, by one or more real sensors located in the peripheral part, of real measurements relating to noise and / or vibrations.
- the method further comprises estimating, by a controller and from the actual measurements, one or more virtual measurements relating to noise and / or vibration in the central part.
- the method further comprises generating one or more virtual sensors each located at a respective position of the central portion.
- each respective virtual measurement of the one or more virtual measurements is a virtual measurement relating to noise and / or vibration at one of the respective positions.
- the estimation of the respective virtual measurement comprises an interpolation of the actual measurements.
- the interpolation penalizes, for each real sensor corresponding to an interpolated real measurement, a distance between a position of the real sensor and said one of the respective positions.
- the interpolation is linear.
- the respective positions of one or more virtual sensors carry out a surface and / or non-symmetrical scanning of the central part.
- the number of virtual sensors is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to twice the number of real sensors. In these embodiments, the number of virtual sensors is preferably
- the one or more real sensors are not located at symmetrical positions of the peripheral part.
- the double wall is of rectangular shape with four sides.
- the peripheral part comprises four zones which each border a respective side.
- at least one real sensor is arranged in each of these areas.
- the method further comprises the
- the method further comprises the emission, by one or more actuators located in the peripheral part, of anti-noise and / or anti-vibration.
- the broadcast is based on data relating to anti-noise and / or anti-vibration.
- the double wall is rectangular in shape with four sides.
- the peripheral part comprises four zones which each border a respective side.
- at least one actuator is arranged in each of these zones.
- the determination is based on the actual measurements and the one or more virtual measurements. In these embodiments, if the frequency of the noise and / or vibration is greater than the frequency threshold, the determination is only based on actual measurements.
- the frequency threshold is preferably less than or equal to 600 Hz, for example less than or equal to 500 Hz, 400 Hz, 300 Hz, 200 Hz or 100 Hz.
- the installation is double glazing or triple glazing.
- the peripheral part is preferably a part of the cavity hidden by a frame.
- the method allows the estimation of one or more virtual measurements relating to noise and / or vibrations in the central part from the real measurements acquired by the one or more real sensors located in the peripheral part.
- the method makes it possible to estimate measurements relating to noise and / or vibrations in the central part, without any real sensor. is located there.
- the method is thus particularly advantageous when the central part is transparent (which is the case for a glazed system, such as double glazing or triple glazing).
- the method makes it possible to measure noise and / or vibrations in a transparent part of the double wall without placing a sensor there, that is to say while preserving daylight.
- the method is still advantageous, because the method makes it possible to measure noise and / or vibrations in the central part of the cavity of the double wall using a reduced number of real sensors (i.e. in the peripheral part only). In addition, it may be technically easier to have the real sensors in the part.
- the measurements relating to noise and / or vibrations in the cavity are measurements of noise and / or vibrations coming from outside the double wall, having passed through a wall of the double wall, and having entered the cavity.
- the method by allowing such measurements both in the peripheral part (in a real way) and in the central part (in a virtual way), offers particularly precise measurements.
- the method comprises determining data relating to anti-noise and / or anti-vibration and transmitting, based on this data, anti-noise and / or anti-vibration. -vibrations, the process generates anti-noise and / or anti-vibrations in the cavity.
- This anti-noise and / or these anti-vibrations generated in response to the noise and / or the vibrations measured and coming from the outside allows the insulation of the double wall.
- the attenuation and / or elimination by the adequate generation of the anti-noise and / or anti-vibrations, of the noise and / or the vibrations which, having passed through a wall of the double wall, pass through also the second.
- This generation of the anti-noise and / or anti-vibrations is all the more adequate as the measurement of the noise and / or the vibrations coming from the outside is precise thanks to the method. The method thus allows better attenuation of noise and / or vibrations outside the double wall.
- a computer program is also provided comprising
- Program code instructions for performing process steps when the program is executed on a controller are stored in a controller.
- a system comprising the controller, the controller comprising a processor coupled to a memory on which the computer program is recorded.
- the system optionally includes the one or more real sensors and the one or more actuators.
- the installation is a double glazing or triple glazing installation provided with a frame, in which preferably the real sensors and / or the actuators are obscured by the frame.
- FIG. 1 shows a flowchart illustrating embodiments of the
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a controller that can be used in embodiments of the method of the invention.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an example of an installation for implementing the method of the invention.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an example of an installation for implementing the method of the invention.
- FIG. 5 schematically illustrates an example of a controller used for implementing the method of the invention.
- FIG. 6 illustrates an example of an installation for implementing the method of the invention.
- FIG. 7 illustrates the gain in sound attenuation obtained in an exemplary implementation of the invention.
- the frequency is on the x-axis (in Hz) and the sound attenuation is on the y-axis (in dB).
- FIG. 8 illustrates the gain in sound attenuation obtained in an exemplary implementation of the invention.
- the frequency is on the x-axis (in Hz) and the sound attenuation is on the y-axis (in dB).
- the double wall includes a cavity between the walls of the double wall. Said cavity comprises a central part and a peripheral part (around the central part).
- the method comprises the acquisition S10, by one or more real sensors located in the peripheral part, of real measurements relating to noise and / or vibrations.
- the method includes estimating S30, by a controller and from the actual measurements, of one or more virtual measurements relating to noise and / or vibration in the central part.
- the method is executed by the controller.
- steps or substantially all of the steps of the process are performed by the controller or by any such system.
- process steps are carried out by the controller, possibly completely automatically. or semi-automatically.
- the triggering of at least part of the steps of the method can be carried out by user-controller interaction.
- the level of user-controller interaction required may depend on the level of automation desired and may be constrained by the need to implement user wishes. In some embodiments, this level may be user-defined and / or predefined. Further steps of the method can be performed by other devices connected (eg by wires) to the controller, eg sensors and actuators, as discussed below.
- the method can be implemented by any controller suitable for this purpose.
- the controller may include a processor coupled to memory, a
- the processor may be a DSP (“Digital Signal Processor”), particularly suitable for digital signal processing.
- Memory designates any computer equipment (“hardware”) suitable for such storage,
- the controller may be a DSP controller, that is to say comprising a DSP processor, for example an AUDAU1452 DSP controller.
- the controller illustrated in FIG. 2 is a DSP 1000 controller comprising a DSP processor 1010 coupled to a memory device 1020.
- the memory device 1020 may include random access memory (RAM) and read only memory (ROM, EPROM or Flash EPROM). Read only memory is adapted to tangibly represent computer program instructions. RAM is suitable for storing data during program execution.
- the controller may further include one or more I / O (Input / Output) ports 1030 coupled to the processor.
- the one or more I / O ports 1030 connect the outputs and inputs of controller 1000 to the rest of controller 1000, and can additionally receive interface signals 1100.
- Interface signals 1100 are physical signals representative of instructions. control and / or monitoring sent to the controller 1000, for example by a user via a user interface.
- the DSP processor 1010, the memory device 1020, and the one or more ports 1030 are interconnected by a computer bus (not shown in Fig. 2) allowing the flow of data.
- the controller 1000 takes as input a measured signal 1080.
- the measured signal 1080 designates any analog physical signal, for example a voltage, representative of the real measurements acquired by the one or more real sensors.
- the controller 1000 can thus be connected, for example by wires, to one or more real sensors.
- the controller outputs a control signal 1090.
- the control signal refers to any analog physical signal, for example a voltage.
- the physical signal may for example be representative of data relating to anti-noise and / or anti-vibration which will be discussed below.
- the controller 1000 can thus be connected, for example by wires, to one or more actuators which will be discussed below.
- the controller 1000 may include an analog-to-digital conversion device (ADC, "Analog to Digital
- the controller 1000 can include a digital-to-analog conversion device (DAC, “Digital to Analog Converter”) 1060 whose function is to convert a digital value into an analog quantity (for example a physical signal, for example a voltage).
- DAC digital to Analog Converter
- the digital-to-analog converter 1060 can convert any digital value output by the DSP processor 1010 into the control signal 1090.
- the controller can further include a second low-pass filter 1070, which is a low-frequency filter. of the signal emitted by the digital-to-analog converter 1060 and which attenuates the high frequencies.
- the controller can be included in a system also comprising the one or more real sensors and the one or more actuators, as discussed below.
- the system can further be included an installation comprising a double wall which includes a cavity.
- the installation can for example be a
- the computer program can include instructions executable by the controller or any computer system of this type, the instructions comprising means for leading the above controller to implement the method.
- the program can be recorded on any data medium, including system memory.
- the program may for example be implemented in digital electronic circuits, or in computer hardware, firmware or software, or combinations thereof.
- the program can be implemented as an apparatus, such as a product tangibly represented in a memory device that can be read by a machine to be executed by a programmable processor. Process steps can be performed by a programmable processor running a program of instructions to perform process functions by processing input data and generating outputs.
- the processor can thus be programmable and be coupled to receive data and instructions from, and to transmit data and instructions to, a memory device, at least one input device and at least one output device.
- the program can be implemented in a high level procedural or object oriented programming language, or in machine or assembly language.
- the language can be compiled or interpreted.
- the program can be a full installer or an updater. Applying the program on the controller leads to instructions for performing the process.
- double-walled installation is meant a building installation
- the installation can in particular be a window, facade or partition, glazed or unglazed (preferably glazed).
- the double-walled installation according to the invention can be used as a building window.
- window is meant a component of the building intended to close a wall opening, allowing the passage of light and
- cascade is meant the outer surface of a wall delimiting a building, generally not having a load-bearing function and may be of the curtain, cladding or other facade type.
- An attachment and spacing device connects the two walls and fix them so that they are parallel or substantially parallel to each other. Any contact between the fastening device and each of the two walls is made on the edge of the wall, so that the fastening and spacer device and the two walls thus fixed define a cavity between the two walls.
- the cavity is thus a volume between the two walls.
- the cavity can for example be filled with air or a rare gas.
- Each wall can be transparent.
- each wall can be a sheet of glass.
- the cavity can also comprise a third transparent wall (in particular a third sheet of glass) parallel to the two walls, for example if the installation is a triple glazing.
- Each sheet of glass may be a sheet of mineral glass, in particular an oxide glass which may be a silicate, borate, sulfate, phosphate, or the like. Alternatively, it may be a sheet of organic glass, for example made of polycarbonate or of polymethyl methacrylate.
- the glass sheets can be annealed, laminated, or tempered glass.
- tempered glass is meant glass treated by rapid cooling processes, with the aim of increasing the resistance of the glass to impact.
- laminated glass is understood to mean at least two sheets of glass between which is inserted at least one interlayer film generally of viscoelastic plastic nature.
- a sheet of laminated glass (comprising two sheets of glass and the interlayer film) will be considered as a single sheet and not two.
- the plastic interlayer film may comprise one or more layers, preferably one or two layers, of a viscoelastic polymer such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB).
- the interlayer film may be standard PVB or tri-layer acoustic PVB.
- each wall can be opaque, for example if the double-walled installation is an unglazed partition ("partition wall").
- the cavity is a volume between the two walls.
- the peripheral part of the cavity is a volume surrounded by the edges of the double glazing, and the fastening and spacing device. This volume surrounds the central part.
- the central part is thus a volume bounded by the peripheral part.
- the central part preferably corresponds to daylight, while the peripheral part is preferably a hidden part of the cavity.
- the installation can in particular be insulating glazing, in particular double glazing or triple glazing, or else an unglazed partition ("partition wall").
- the attachment and spacing device preferably comprises a spacer ("spacer") connecting and spacing the two walls.
- the spacer can be made of metallic material and / or of polymer material.
- metallic materials include aluminum and stainless steel.
- polymeric materials include polyethylene, polycarbonate, polypropylene, polystyrene,
- polymethyl methacrylate polyacrylates, polyamides, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, acrylonitrile styrene acrylate, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, and combinations thereof.
- the polymeric material can be reinforced with glass fibers.
- a first sealing barrier preferably to air, gas and water vapor, such as for example polyisobutylene (PIB).
- PIB polyisobutylene
- the installation further preferably comprises a seal (sealing mastic), forming a second sealing barrier, preferably with water, such as for example polyurethane, polysulphide or silicone.
- a seal sealing mastic
- water such as for example polyurethane, polysulphide or silicone.
- This seal also makes it possible to fix the spacer to the walls and to ensure the mechanical strength over time.
- the spacer is made of a polymer material, it may include on its surface facing the outside of the installation a metal coating, for example of the stainless steel type, forming a barrier to liquid water, to gas and water vapor.
- the installation can also include a frame for the walls, for example for the glass sheets. More particularly, the walls can be framed over their entire periphery by a frame made of profiles, for example anodized aluminum. This frame can in particular be glued directly to the periphery and to the external faces of the walls. The peripheral part of the cavity is preferably masked by the frame.
- FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a sectional view of an example of an installation which is double glazing.
- the double glazing comprises two sheets of glass 30 and 32.
- the edges of the two sheets of glass 30 and 32 are attached to the spacer 34, mastic 36 ensuring the sealing of the assembly.
- the spacer 34 and the two sheets of glass 30 and 32 delimit the cavity 38.
- the portion of the cavity delimited by the spacer 34 and the edges of the double glazing belongs to the part
- peripheral 380 of cavity 38 this peripheral part being masked from the outside (in particular by a frame, not shown).
- the central part of the cavity 38 is surrounded by the peripheral part 380, it corresponds to the daylight of the glazing.
- active control method of a double-walled installation any method aimed at at least acquiring and / or calculating measurements relating to noise and / or vibrations in the cavity of the double-wall. These measurements must be such as to determine the anti-noise and / or anti-vibrations which, if emitted into the cavity, allow the acoustic insulation of the double wall.
- sound insulation is meant an attenuation, or even a suppression, of the noise and / or vibrations which are emitted outside the installation, on one side of one of the two walls, and pass through the installation as far as to the other side of it. This sound insulation may include the
- Such a method can comprise the emission, in the cavity, of anti-noise and / or anti-vibrations following the determination of the measurements relating to noise and / or vibrations in the cavity.
- the method comprises the steps of acquiring S10 of the actual measurements and S30 of estimating the one or more virtual measurements. These two steps aim in other words at least to obtain measurements relating to noise and / or vibrations in the cavity.
- the method may further comprise the steps of determining S40 data relating to anti-noise and / or anti-vibration and S50 emission for anti-noise and / or anti-vibration.
- the steps of the method are preferably carried out in real time, that is to say essentially simultaneously and / or with little latency between them.
- the steps of the method are performed with little latency between them” is meant that the time necessary for the execution of the steps of the method, for example the time elapsing between the S10 acquisition of real measurements and the anti-noise and / or anti-vibration emission S50 is less than a maximum latency time.
- the maximum latency time may depend on the frequency range in which the frequency of noise and / or vibrations in the cavity is found when carrying out the method.
- the maximum latency may also depend on the controller.
- the maximum latency time may depend on the size of a controller RAM area ("buffer") and / or the number of channels on a controller computer bus.
- the maximum latency is less than 100 ps, for example when the controller includes an analog-to-digital conversion device (ADC) and a digital-to-analog conversion device (DAC).
- ADC analog-to-digital conversion device
- DAC digital-to-analog conversion device
- an iteration S60 of the acquisition S10 of the actual measurements and of the anti-noise and / or anti-vibration emission S50 comprising, in embodiments, an iteration S60 of the acquisition S10 of the actual measurements and of the anti-noise and / or anti-vibration emission S50.
- the acquisition S10 of the actual measurements is followed, with little latency as discussed above, by the emission S50 of anti-noise and / or of anti-vibrations, the emission S50 being itself followed, always with little latency, by a new S10 acquisition, itself followed, always with little latency, by a new S50 transmission, and so on.
- any step of the method comprised between an acquisition S10 of the real measurements and the anti-noise and / or anti-vibration emission S50 which follows is also iterated.
- the iteration can last for a given time, for example a time during which it is desired to carry out the active control of the double wall.
- the active control method comprises the acquisition S10, by one or more real sensors located in the peripheral part of the cavity, of real measurements relating to noise and / or vibrations.
- Noise and / or vibrations are noise and / or vibrations in the cavity, but can come from noise and / or vibrations emitted outside the cavity and having passed through one of the two walls or both walls.
- measurement relating to noise and / or vibrations is meant any digital quantity measured (for example a voltage) at a location in the cavity and making it possible to quantify the noise and / or vibrations in the cavity at the location. of the cavity.
- actual measurement is meant a physical measurement acquired by physical means.
- the actual measurements relating to noise and / or vibration are sound pressure measurements.
- any measured value, real or virtual, of acoustic pressure can be a voltage representative of this pressure.
- the measurements are acquired S10 by one or more real sensors located in the peripheral part.
- Each of the one or more real sensors acquires one or more measurements.
- Each real sensor is located in the peripheral part of the cavity.
- any measurement acquired by this real sensor is a measurement quantifying the noise and / or the vibrations in the cavity at the location where the real sensor is located, that is to say in a neighborhood of the position of the real sensor.
- real sensor is meant that the sensor is a physical means of acquiring real measurements relating to noise and / or vibrations.
- the real sensor can thus be any physical means capable of carrying out such an acquisition.
- the actual sensor can be any physical means configured to provide a voltage representative of sound pressure.
- each real sensor can be a microphone, accelerometer, or sensor
- the one or more real sensors are not located at symmetrical positions of the peripheral part.
- symmetrical positions of the peripheral part By this is meant that, relative to the geometry of the peripheral part, there is no symmetry (axial or central) in the way in which the one or more real sensors are positioned.
- the positions of the real sensors do not form the vertices of a regular polygon. Positioning the one or more real sensors at non-symmetrical positions of the peripheral part makes it possible to prevent the positions of one or more sensors from being in phase with periodicities of noise and / or vibrations in the cavity.
- the walls are in the form of plates
- the peripheral part of the cavity comprises four zones bordering these respective sides, and there is at least one real sensor in each of these zones, for example a single sensor per zone. This allows relatively uniform and precise acquisition of noise and / or vibrations throughout the peripheral part.
- the sensors can be fixed, for example glued, on the spacer or on respective studs which are themselves fixed, for example glued, on the spacer. In embodiments, the sensors can be integrated into or on the spacer.
- the method further comprises the estimation S30, by a controller and from real measurements, of one or more virtual measurements relating to noise and / or vibrations in the central part.
- Each of these virtual measurements can be a measurement of noise and / or vibrations at a location in the central part of the cavity. Alternatively, they can quantify, for example on average, noise and / or vibrations in an area of the central part of the cavity.
- virtual measurement is meant a measurement which is not acquired by physical means, but which is calculated by a controller or any system of this type.
- the one or more virtual measurements relate to noise if the actual measurements relate to noise.
- the one or more virtual measurements relate to vibrations if the actual measurements relate to vibrations.
- the controller is a computer system suitable for implementing the method, as discussed above.
- the controller is adapted to estimate the one or more real measurements from the virtual measurements and preferably adapted to determine the anti-noise and / or anti-vibrations which, if they are emitted in the cavity, allow improve the sound insulation of the double wall.
- the controller can be connected by wires to a power supply.
- the controller can also be connected to the real sensors by wires, which allows the real sensors to transmit the actual acquired measurements S10 to the controller, for example each in the form of a voltage representative of an acoustic pressure.
- the controller is adapted to estimate the one or more real measurements from the virtual measurements and preferably adapted to determine the anti-noise and / or anti-vibrations which, if they are emitted in the cavity, allow improve the sound insulation of the double wall.
- the controller can be connected by wires to a power supply.
- the controller can also be connected to the real sensors by wires, which allows the real sensors
- the power supply, and / or the wires connecting the controller to the power supply and / or to the sensors can be deported or hidden in the frame.
- the wires can pass through the spacer.
- each actual measurement is a physical signal determined by an actual sensor from noise and / or vibration at the location of that sensor.
- the physical signal carries a quantization of this noise and / or of these vibrations and is transmitted to the controller.
- the estimate S30 will be discussed again below.
- the method comprises determining S40, by the controller, of data relating to anti-noise and / or anti-vibration.
- the determination S40 is based on the actual measurements and / or on the one or more virtual measurements.
- the method further comprises S50 remission, by one or more actuators, preferably located in the peripheral part of the cavity, of anti-noise and / or anti-vibration.
- the S50 broadcast is based on anti-noise and / or anti-vibration data.
- the data relating to anti-noise and / or anti-vibrations denote any quantification of anti-noise and / or anti-vibration to be emitted in the cavity to allow the isolation of the double wall. More precisely, these relative data form a physical signal (for example a voltage) carrying the quantification of the anti-noise and / or anti-vibrations to be emitted in the cavity. This physical signal is then transmitted to one or more actuators.
- the one or more actuators can be glued to the spacer and / or connected to the controller by wires, for example hidden in the frame.
- the data relates to noise if the actual measurements relate to noise.
- the data relates to vibrations if the actual measurements relate to vibrations.
- the data relating to anti-noise and / or anti-vibration constitute an output of the controller, which takes as input the actual measurements.
- S40 determination being based on the actual measurements and / or the one or more virtual measurements it is meant that the output of the controller is determined (for example calculated) by the controller according to the input of the controller, that is that is to say as a function of at least some of the real measurements (for example as a function of all), and / or as a function of one or more virtual measurements estimated by the estimate S30 (and preferably as a function of all the measurements real and all virtual measurements).
- the determination S40 can be carried out by the execution, by the controller, of any algorithm configured to determine, from measurements (real and / or virtual) relating to noise and / or vibrations in the cavity, data relating to anti-noise and / or anti-vibrations to be emitted in the cavity to improve the acoustic insulation of the double wall.
- This algorithm can be any active control algorithm (or “ANC algorithm”), such as for example an FXLMS (“Filtered-X Least Mean Square”) algorithm.
- the determination S40 is based on the actual measurements and the virtual measurements.
- the controller output is determined (for example calculated) by the controller based on the controller input, and based on the one or more actual measurements estimated from the controller input.
- the determination S50 is only based on the actual measurements.
- the controller output is determined (e.g. calculated) by the controller based on controller input, not based on one or more actual measurements estimated from controller input.
- the method can in this case include a weighting of the virtual measurements.
- the frequency threshold is for example dependent on the size of the cavity and / or the complexity of the acoustic field formed by the noise and / or the vibrations in the cavity.
- the frequency threshold can be a frequency value below which the acoustic field is simple, eg its spatial evolution is low.
- the spatial evolution of the acoustic field can be strong.
- the frequency threshold is preferably less than or equal to 600 Hz, for example less than or equal to 500 Hz, 400 Hz, 300 Hz, 200 Hz or 100 Hz.
- the determination S40 is based on measurements of noise and / or vibration in the central part of the cavity.
- the insulation was better by using measurements of noise and / or vibrations in the central part and in the peripheral part only using measurements in the peripheral part.
- the measurements in the central part are acquired by real sensors located in the central part, these have a better signal / noise ratio than the sensors located in the peripheral part.
- the physical signal acquired by a sensor in the central part is closer to the actual physical signal corresponding to the noise and / or vibrations at the position of this sensor than the physical signal acquired by a sensor in the peripheral part. is the real physical signal corresponding to the noise and / or vibrations at the position of this sensor.
- the frequency threshold can be a frequency value (ie noise and / or vibrations in the cavity) below which the acoustic field formed by the noise and / or vibrations in the cavity is simple, eg has a weak spatial variation, and above which this acoustic field is complex, eg has a strong spatial variation.
- the spatial sampling performed by the virtual measurements may allow a good approximation of a simple sound field, but may not be sufficient to achieve a good approximation of a complex sound field. Basing the S40 determination on real measurements only at high frequency makes the process more efficient and accurate.
- the determination S40 it is possible to base the determination S40 both on the real and virtual measurements, but with a different weighting at low frequency and at high frequency, so as to give more weight to the virtual measurements at low frequency, and more weight to actual high frequency measurements.
- one or more frequency thresholds can be provided beyond or below which the weighting is modified. Provision can also be made for the weighting to vary continuously as a function of the frequency.
- the virtual measurements are estimated S30 from the data acquired by the real sensors which are also the real sensors providing the real measurements from which the determination S40 of the data relating to anti-noise and / or anti-vibration is carried out.
- the virtual measurements are estimated S30 from real sensors located on the specially dedicated edge and other real sensors provide other real measurements which are only used in determining S40.
- part of the actual measurements is used to estimate S30 the virtual measurements and another part is used to determine S40 the data relating to anti-noise and / or anti-vibration.
- piezoelectric sensors may also vary depending on the complexity of the installation to be controlled, the ability of the controller to manage a limited number of channels and the ease of integration.
- the combination of real sensors considered does not vary as a function of frequency. In other embodiments, the combination may vary with frequency depending on the results obtained.
- the data relating to the anti-noise and / or anti-vibration form a physical signal transmitted at the output of the controller to one or more actuators.
- Each actuator is a physical means capable of receiving this physical signal as an input and of emitting the anti-noise and / or anti-vibrations whose
- the S50 emission being based on data relating to anti-noise and / or anti-vibrations
- the one or more actuators receive the physical signal as input, then emit the anti-noise. - noise and / or the corresponding anti-vibrations.
- the actuators are preferably located in the peripheral part.
- the walls are in the form of plates
- each actuator can be fixed, for example glued, to the spacer; or fixed, for example glued, to a stud, itself fixed, for example glued, to the spacer.
- Each actuator can also be connected by wires to the controller, the wires passing for example through the spacer and being for example hidden in the frame.
- the one or more actual sensors and the one or more actuators can be integrated into a system comprising the controller, the controller comprising a processor coupled to a memory on which is recorded a computer program comprising program code instructions for the controller. 'execution of the process steps when the program is executed on a controller.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic sectional view illustrating an example of the system, which is here integrated into the installation comprising the double wall.
- the installation comprises two walls 40 and 42 which form a cavity comprising a central part 44 and a peripheral part 48.
- the system comprises at least one actuator which is a loudspeaker 482 and at least two real sensors which are microphones 484.
- the system comprises a controller 480.
- the microphones 484 carry out the acquisition S10 of the real measurements, which are then received as input by the controller 480. At the output, the latter transmits, to the loudspeaker 482, the data relating to the actual measurements. 'anti-noise and / or anti-vibrations determined S40 according to the process. Loudspeaker 482 then performs S50 transmission according to the method. As shown in Fig.
- the method can include a so-called post-processing step transforming any physical signal acquired by the microphones during the acquisition S10 of the real measurements into a physical signal representing these measurements and which can be taken as input by the controller, for example a voltage representative of an acoustic pressure.
- the method further comprises generating S20 of one or more virtual sensors.
- Each virtual sensor is located at a respective position of the central part.
- Each respective virtual measurement of the one or more virtual measurements is a virtual measurement relating to noise and / or vibrations at one of the respective positions.
- the S20 generation of one or more virtual sensors makes it possible to obtain measurements relating to noise and / or vibrations at precise positions of the central part of the cavity (that is to say the respective positions of the sensors virtual).
- virtual sensors play the role of real sensors which would have been positioned in the central part of the cavity.
- such sensors benefit from a better signal / noise ratio than those located in the peripheral part when the noise and / or the vibrations are at low frequency.
- the gain in the sound insulation of a double-glazed installation provided by an active pressure control system in the cavity was greater when the control was carried out from microphones located in daylight only when the microphones were located on the edges of the glass.
- the method makes it possible to obtain to a certain extent the advantages of using sensors in the central part by virtualizing these sensors. This makes it possible to reduce the number of real sensors required to carry out active monitoring and / or to preserve daylight. In particular, positioning real sensors in the daylight is not possible in the case of a double-glazed installation, so as not to partially obstruct it. These real sensors are thus advantageously replaced by virtual sensors in the case of the method.
- the respective positions of one or more virtual sensors perform a surface and / or non-symmetrical scanning of the central part.
- performing a surface scan of the central part is meant that the respective positions of the virtual sensors are distributed such that the minimum distance between each point of the cavity and one of the
- virtual microphones is minimal, that is to say less than or equal to a reference distance, which may be for example half, or a third, or a quarter, or a fifth, of the maximum dimension of the cavity. So there is no large portion of the central part without a virtual sensor. Performing a surface scan of the central part makes it possible to obtain virtual measurements well distributed over the entire central part, and thus to precisely capture the noise and / or vibrations in the central part. This makes the process robust and precise.
- performing a non-symmetrical scan is meant that, relative to the geometry of the central part, there is no symmetry (axial or central) in the way in which the one or more sensors are positioned. virtual.
- the positions of virtual sensors do not form the vertices of a polygon to regulate.
- Positioning the one or more virtual sensors so as to perform a non-symmetrical sweep of the central part makes it possible to prevent the positions of one or more sensors from being in phase with periodicities of the noise and / or vibrations in the cavity.
- there is an odd number of virtual sensors and one of these virtual sensors is located in the center or substantially in the center of the central part of the cavity.
- there are at least three virtual sensors for example at least five, for example at least seven, including one located in the center or substantially in the center of the central part of the cavity.
- FIG. 6 schematically shows a cavity provided with real sensors 52.
- the number of virtual sensors is greater than or equal to one and less than or equal to the number of real sensors, for example less than or equal to twice the number of real sensors.
- the number of virtual sensors is preferably strictly greater than 1 and strictly less than twice the number of real sensors. For example, if e is the number of real sensors and ev the number of virtual sensors, then we have:
- this makes it possible to have a sufficient number of virtual sensors and thus to precisely measure the noise and / or vibrations in the central part.
- it avoids having too many virtual sensors, which could lead to an accumulation of errors in the S30 estimate of the virtual measurements and lead to a drop in the insulation performance.
- generation is meant the positioning of one or more virtual sensors each located in its respective position.
- the respective positions can be fixed, that is to say predetermined, for example at an initial step of the method, for example once and for all.
- S20 generation can understand the instantiation of these fixed positions and the transmission of their coordinates to any algorithm carrying out the estimation S30.
- the generation S20 may comprise determining (eg calculating) the respective positions of the virtual sensors, eg as a function of the positions of the real sensors, and their instantiation as discussed above.
- the S20 generation can further include the activation of sensors
- the activation results in that the determination S40 of the data relating to anti-noise and / or anti-vibration is based on the actual measurements and the one or more virtual measurements. Activation can be
- Generation S20 can alternatively include deactivation of virtual sensors.
- the deactivation results in that the determination S40 of the data relating to anti-noise and / or anti-vibration is based on actual measurements only.
- Activation can be triggered by actual measurements, for example if these quantify that the frequency of noise and / or vibration in the cavity is above the frequency threshold discussed above.
- the deactivation can be achieved by integrating filters on the virtual measurements so that they do not intervene in the determination S40.
- the real sensors are the microphones integrated in the peripheral part of the cavity at the positions ((x i , y i ), ..., ((x e , y e ))
- the actuators are s speakers integrated in the part peripheral of the cavity in positions (s 1 , s 2 , ..., s s ).
- the method comprises the generation S20, by the controller, of ev virtual microphones whose positions are given by the coordinates (xv 1 , yv 1 ), (xv ev , yv ev ).
- the method includes, in this implementation, determining S40 and transmitting S50.
- Determination S40 includes applying an ANC algorithm as discussed previously. Even though the controller always has e physical inputs, the ANC algorithm considers e + ev inputs as shown in Fig. 5, schematically illustrating the controller.
- S30 estimate of one or more virtual measurements:
- the estimate S30 of the respective virtual measurement includes an interpolation of the actual measurements. Interpolation penalizes, for each real sensor corresponding to a real measurement
- said one of the respective positions is the respective position such that the virtual measurement relates to noise and / or vibrations at this respective position.
- Interpolation includes in particular interpolation points and coefficients (or weights) each representing the contribution of one of the interpolation points.
- Interpolation is an interpolation of the actual measurements, which means that each actual measurement of at least part of (for example all) the actual measurements is an interpolation point.
- the interpolation penalizes, for each real sensor corresponding to an interpolated real measurement, a distance between a position of the real sensor and said one of the respective positions.
- the coefficient of the actual measurement acquired by the real sensor, as an interpolation point is a decreasing function of the distance between the position of the real sensor and said one of the respective positions.
- the distance can be any distance, for example a Euclidean distance.
- Interpolation can be any interpolation.
- the interpolation is linear, allowing an S30 estimate of each virtual measurement that is both simple and robust.
- a i is given by a bilinear spatial interpolation of the distance between (x i , y i ) and (x v , y v ). More precisely, a i is of the type:
- d i denotes a distance between (x i , y i ) and (x v , y v ).
- the distance is for example a Euclidean distance, that is to say that d i is given by the formula:
- active control is performed by means of four real sensors arranged in the peripheral part of the cavity (one on each side) and four real sensors arranged in the central part of the cavity.
- active control is carried out by means of four real sensors arranged in the peripheral part of the cavity (one on each side) and four virtual sensors arranged in the central part of the cavity (at the same positions as the real sensors of the second test). Active control consists of minimizing the sound pressure on the sensors.
- FIG. 7 illustrates the results obtained. Curves n ° 1, 2 and 3 respectively represent the evolution of the gain (acoustic attenuation) as a function of the frequency for the first, second and third test.
- the S40 determination of anti-noise and / or anti-vibration data is based only on actual measurements, acquired by the actual sensors.
- the determination S40 of data relating to anti-noise and / or anti-vibration is based on the real measurements, acquired by the real sensors, and the virtual measurements, corresponding to noise measurements and / or anti-vibrations at the positions of the virtual sensors.
- FIG. 8 illustrates the results. Curves n ° 1, 2, and 3 represent
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1904408A FR3095513B1 (fr) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Contrôle actif d’une installation à double paroi |
PCT/EP2020/061378 WO2020216860A1 (fr) | 2019-04-25 | 2020-04-23 | Controle actif d'une installation a double paroi |
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EP20719482.0A Withdrawn EP3959712A1 (fr) | 2019-04-25 | 2020-04-23 | Controle actif d'une installation a double paroi |
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FR (1) | FR3095513B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020216860A1 (fr) |
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US20220277723A1 (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2022-09-01 | Bonn-Hee Goo | Noise reduction device and method |
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FR2726681B1 (fr) | 1994-11-03 | 1997-01-17 | Centre Scient Tech Batiment | Dispositif d'attenuation acoustique a double paroi active |
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2019
- 2019-04-25 FR FR1904408A patent/FR3095513B1/fr active Active
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2020
- 2020-04-23 EP EP20719482.0A patent/EP3959712A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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