EP3953098A1 - Method for monitoring the quality of ultrasonic welding - Google Patents

Method for monitoring the quality of ultrasonic welding

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Publication number
EP3953098A1
EP3953098A1 EP20716447.6A EP20716447A EP3953098A1 EP 3953098 A1 EP3953098 A1 EP 3953098A1 EP 20716447 A EP20716447 A EP 20716447A EP 3953098 A1 EP3953098 A1 EP 3953098A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
joining
joining process
value
recorded
measuring device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20716447.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Felix Klimas
Thomas Herzing
Lutz Lehmann
Daniel Zemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH
Original Assignee
Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH filed Critical Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH
Publication of EP3953098A1 publication Critical patent/EP3953098A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/12—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to investigating the properties, e.g. the weldability, of materials
    • B23K31/125—Weld quality monitoring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/002—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B23K20/004—Wire welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/12—Analysing solids by measuring frequency or resonance of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/46—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by spectral analysis, e.g. Fourier analysis or wavelet analysis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/32—Wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
    • B23K2101/38—Conductors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/267—Welds

Definitions

  • Ultrasonic welding can be used to join cable packages. Modern ultrasonic welding systems enable digital
  • a measurement and evaluation of variables that characterize an oscillation process during the welding process enable a comprehensive and meaningful assessment of the welding process. Evaluation by means of a Fourier analysis is permitted a temporal assessment of the quality of the welding process.
  • the quality here includes a purity and / or a connection quality of the ultrasonic weld.
  • the object is achieved by a method for monitoring the quality of an ultrasonic welding, the vibration behavior during the joining process with regard to an actual value of the vibration frequency and / or the vibration amplitude of at least one joining partner involved in the joining process and / or the tool used in the joining process by means of an ultrasonic welding device Measurement with at least one measuring device that is used for quantification
  • Vibration behavior is analyzed by means of a Fourier analysis and compared with a predetermined target value as a reference value.
  • the use of a Fourier analysis can include the use of a short-term Fourier analysis, from which the time dependency of the amplitude, frequency or other variables can be determined.
  • Individual window sections of the short-term Fourier analysis can make use of a suitable window function, in particular a flat-top window when calculating an amplitude, or a rectangular window when calculating a frequency or a phase.
  • Zero padding and interpolation can also be used, particularly when calculating a frequency in a short-term Fourier analysis with small window sizes.
  • an optical measuring device is used to quantify the mechanical vibrations during the joining process.
  • an eddy current sensor and / or a laser vibrometer is used to quantify the mechanical vibrations during the joining process.
  • a laser vibrometer can measure at one or more measuring points and at least one vibration parameter such.
  • the deflection can be measured using various measuring methods.
  • Deflection can in particular also be measured by an eddy current sensor. This can cause mechanical impairment during the welding process be avoided.
  • the deflection ie also the speed of the sonotrode, is measured with a device in which an eddy current sensor is brought as close as possible to a measuring point on the sonotrode surface that is orthogonal to the
  • the measuring point can in particular be located as close as possible to the coupling surface in order to obtain the most precise possible measurement of the movement in the joining zone.
  • Eddy current sensor is particularly suitable for this task, as it can be attached relatively easily to different points of the oscillating system.
  • the restriction for the worker is also less than when measuring with laser optical systems such as laser vibrometry.
  • a combination of the two mentioned measuring methods with one another or with further measurements can increase the accuracy of the measurement.
  • a measuring point on a sonotrode, an anvil, a first joining partner, in particular a first conductor and / or a second joining partner, in particular a second conductor, is used to quantify their mechanical vibrations.
  • a pair of unpolluted, in particular cleaned, joining partners is used to determine the setpoint values as a reference value of a specified pair of joining partners and the quantification of the mechanical vibrations during the joining process is recorded using the measuring device
  • Reference points are recorded.
  • a mean can also be formed over a plurality of such reference measurements.
  • a measure of the relative deviation of the detected actual values, preferably the detected oscillation amplitude and / or oscillation frequency, from the respective target value is used as a measure of the purity and thus the quality of the connection of the joining partners.
  • a display device can be provided which has a
  • Reference curve of an unpolluted pairing of joining partners on their Display s the display screen and superimposed on it or also depicts the current measurement curve on the same view, so that a deviation from a good weld can be recognized by a user from the deviation of the curves shown.
  • the joining process is interrupted and / or the joining partners are detected as missing parts in the event of a relative deviation of the recorded actual value from the corresponding setpoint value, which is greater than a predetermined limit value.
  • the limit value is a maximum of 10%, in particular a maximum of 5%.
  • the frequency measured during the joining process is recorded and this is compared with a stored target frequency shift in order to determine the degree of purity of the joining partners by means of the degree of the frequency shift.
  • the output is through a device for performing a method according to the first aspect with a
  • Ultrasonic welding device and a measuring device which is designed to detect the vibration behavior during the joining process, that detected
  • the measuring device can comprise an eddy current sensor and / or a laser vibrometer.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a device according to a
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram for a method according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a device according to an exemplary embodiment with an ultrasonic welding device 30 with a tool with a sonotrode 31 and an anvil 32, between which joining partners 10, 20 are arranged in order to weld them together by exciting the sonotrode 31 to vibrate.
  • the ultrasonic welding device 30 is provided with an optical measuring device 40, which is arranged such that a mechanical vibration behavior can be detected.
  • the measuring device 40 is a laser vibrometer. Wires of a cable harness are used as joining partners 10, 20. In another
  • the measuring device 40 comprises an eddy current sensor which is attached close to the sonotrode surface.
  • the measuring device 40 is used to detect and quantify the mechanical
  • Oscillations in this case the oscillation frequency that is established on the sonotrode 31 or on one of the joining partners 10, 20, during the joining process.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram 200 for a method according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • measuring device 40 records the vibration data, in particular
  • the measuring device compares these analyzed vibration data in step 203 with a nominal value or with nominal reference data. If a discrepancy is found in step 205, the sample can be regarded as soiled if the discrepancy is greater than the permitted limit value.
  • step 205 If in step 205 no discrepancy or a discrepancy that is smaller than the permitted limit value is found, the weld can be rated as good. List of reference symbols

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for monitoring the quality of ultrasonic welding, wherein, during the joining process, the vibratory behaviour regarding an actual value of the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of at least one joining partner (10, 20) involved in the joining process and/or of a tool of an ultrasonic welding device (30) used during the joining process is detected by measurement using at least one measuring device (40) which is designed to quantify mechanical vibrations, the detected vibratory behaviour is analysed by means of a Fourier analysis and is compared with a predetermined target value as a reference value. The invention also relates to a device.

Description

VERFAHREN ZUR ÜBERWACHUNG EINER QUALITÄT EINER METHOD FOR MONITORING A QUALITY OF A
ULTRASCHALLSCHWEIßUNG ULTRASONIC WELDING
Ultraschallschweißen kann zum Fügen von Kabelpaketen eingesetzt werden. Dabei ermöglichen moderne Ultraschallschweißanlagen aufgrund digitaler Ultrasonic welding can be used to join cable packages. Modern ultrasonic welding systems enable digital
Ultraschallgeneratortechnik und des Einsatzes von Mikroprozessoren präzise wiederholbare Verfahren. Bei der Parametereinstellung für unterschiedliche Applikationen und Materialien wird üblicherweise auf Erfahrungswerte zurückgegriffen. Die Überwachung des Ultrasonic generator technology and the use of microprocessors precisely repeatable processes. When setting parameters for different applications and materials, empirical values are usually used. Monitoring the
Fügeprozesses bereitet allerdings regelmäßig Probleme, da üblicherweise eine zerstörende Prüfung nach dem Schweißprozess vorgenommen wird. However, the joining process regularly causes problems, since a destructive test is usually carried out after the welding process.
Bei der Mehrheit der zu bestimmenden Parameter zur Überprüfung der Qualität der Ultraschallschweißung ist eine zerstörerische Prüfung der Teile erforderlich. Ferner erfolgt die Evaluierung der Verbindungsstelle erst nach der Schweißung, das heißt, wenn der Prozess bereits abgeschlossen ist. Somit lassen sich mit solchen Verfahren lediglich eine Detektion von Fehlern vornehmen. For the majority of the parameters to be determined to check the quality of the ultrasonic weld, a destructive test of the parts is required. Furthermore, the connection point is only evaluated after the weld, that is, when the process has already been completed. Thus, with such methods only a detection of errors can be made.
Ebenso wird bei der zerstörenden Prüfung eine Produktion beeinträchtigt, da Teile aus der Produktion entnommen werden müssen. Likewise, a production is impaired during the destructive test, since parts have to be removed from production.
Weitere Einflussfaktoren, wie Verschmutzungen oder Verunreinigungen der Fügepartner, bringen weitere unkalkulierbare Parameter ein. Other influencing factors, such as soiling or contamination of the joining partners, bring in other incalculable parameters.
Es ist eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein vorteilhaftes Konzept zur Überwachung einer Qualität einer Ultraschallschweißung bereitzustellen. It is an object of the invention to provide an advantageous concept for monitoring the quality of an ultrasonic weld.
Eine Messung und Auswertung von Größen, die einen Schwingvorgang während des Schweißprozesses charakterisieren, ermöglichen eine umfassende und aussagekräftige Beurteilung des Schweißprozesses. Die Auswertung mittels einer Fourieranalyse erlaubt eine zeitliche Beurteilung der Qualität des Schweißvorgangs. Die Qualität umfasst hierbei eine Reinheit und/oder eine Verbindungsgüte der Ultraschallschweißung. A measurement and evaluation of variables that characterize an oscillation process during the welding process enable a comprehensive and meaningful assessment of the welding process. Evaluation by means of a Fourier analysis is permitted a temporal assessment of the quality of the welding process. The quality here includes a purity and / or a connection quality of the ultrasonic weld.
Gemäß einem ersten Aspekt wird die Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Qualität einer Ultraschallschweißung gelöst, wobei das Schwingungsverhalten während des Fügeprozesses hinsichtlich eines Istwertes der Schwingungsfrequenz und/oder der Schwingungsamplitude wenigstens eines am Fügeprozess beteiligten Fügepartners und/oder beim Fügeprozess verwendeten Werkzeugs einer Ultraschallschweißvorrichtung mittels Messung mit wenigstens einer Messvorrichtung, die zur Quantifizierung According to a first aspect, the object is achieved by a method for monitoring the quality of an ultrasonic welding, the vibration behavior during the joining process with regard to an actual value of the vibration frequency and / or the vibration amplitude of at least one joining partner involved in the joining process and / or the tool used in the joining process by means of an ultrasonic welding device Measurement with at least one measuring device that is used for quantification
mechanischer Schwingungen ausgebildet ist, erfasst wird, das erfasste mechanical vibrations is formed, is detected, the detected
Schwingungsverhalten mittels einer Fourieranalyse analysiert und mit einem vorbestimmten Sollwert als Referenzwert verglichen wird. Vibration behavior is analyzed by means of a Fourier analysis and compared with a predetermined target value as a reference value.
Die Anwendung einer Fourieranalyse kann ein Anwenden einer Kurzzeit-Fourieranalyse umfassen, aus der die zeitliche Abhängigkeit der Amplitude, Frequenz oder anderer Größen bestimmt werden kann. Einzelne Fensterabschnitte der Kurzzeit-Fourieranalyse können auf eine geeignete Fensterfunktion zurückzugreifen, insbesondere bei der Berechnung einer Amplitude ein Flattop-Fenster, bei der Berechnung einer Frequenz oder einer Phase ein Rechteckfenster sein. Zeropadding und Interpolation können ebenso angewendet werden, insbesondere bei der Berechnung einer Frequenz bei einer Kurzzeit-Fourieranalyse mit kleinen Fenstergrößen. The use of a Fourier analysis can include the use of a short-term Fourier analysis, from which the time dependency of the amplitude, frequency or other variables can be determined. Individual window sections of the short-term Fourier analysis can make use of a suitable window function, in particular a flat-top window when calculating an amplitude, or a rectangular window when calculating a frequency or a phase. Zero padding and interpolation can also be used, particularly when calculating a frequency in a short-term Fourier analysis with small window sizes.
In einer Ausführungsform wird zur Quantifizierung der mechanischen Schwingungen während des Fügeprozesses eine optische Messvorrichtung verwendet. In one embodiment, an optical measuring device is used to quantify the mechanical vibrations during the joining process.
In einer Ausführungsform wird zur Quantifizierung der mechanischen Schwingungen während des Fügeprozesses ein Wirbelstromsensor und/oder ein Laservibrometer verwendet. Ein Laservibrometer kann an einem oder mehreren Messpunkten messen und wenigstens einen Schwingungsparameter wie z. B. die Schwingungsfrequenz oder die Schwingungsamplitude erfassen. In one embodiment, an eddy current sensor and / or a laser vibrometer is used to quantify the mechanical vibrations during the joining process. A laser vibrometer can measure at one or more measuring points and at least one vibration parameter such. B. detect the vibration frequency or the vibration amplitude.
Die Messung der Auslenkung kann mit verschiedenen Messverfahren erfolgen. Die The deflection can be measured using various measuring methods. The
Auslenkung kann insbesondere auch durch einen Wirbelstromsensor gemessen werden. Hierdurch kann eine mechanische Beeinträchtigung während des Schweißvorgangs vermieden werden. Insbesondere wird die Auslenkung, d.h. auch die Geschwindigkeit der Sonotrode, mit einer Vorrichtung gemessen, bei der ein Wirbelstromsensor möglichst nahe an eine Messstelle an der Sonotrodenfläche herangeführt wird, die orthogonal zur Deflection can in particular also be measured by an eddy current sensor. This can cause mechanical impairment during the welding process be avoided. In particular, the deflection, ie also the speed of the sonotrode, is measured with a device in which an eddy current sensor is brought as close as possible to a measuring point on the sonotrode surface that is orthogonal to the
Bewegungsrichtung und damit im rechten Wnkel zur Koppelfläche steht. Direction of movement and thus in the right angle to the coupling surface.
Die Messstelle kann sich insbesondere möglichst nahe an der Koppelfläche befinden, um eine möglichst genaue Messung der Bewegung in der Fügezone zu erhalten. Der The measuring point can in particular be located as close as possible to the coupling surface in order to obtain the most precise possible measurement of the movement in the joining zone. Of the
Wrbelstromsensor eignet sich für diese Aufgabe besonders gut, da er sich relativ leicht an verschiedenen Stellen des Schwingsystems anbringen lässt. Die Einschränkung für den Werker ist damit außerdem geringer als bei Messung mit laseroptischen Systemen, wie etwa Laser-Vibrometrie. Eine Kombination der beiden genannten Messverfahren miteinander oder mit weiteren Messungen kann eine Genauigkeit der Messung erhöhen. Eddy current sensor is particularly suitable for this task, as it can be attached relatively easily to different points of the oscillating system. The restriction for the worker is also less than when measuring with laser optical systems such as laser vibrometry. A combination of the two mentioned measuring methods with one another or with further measurements can increase the accuracy of the measurement.
In einer Ausführungsform werden mehrere Messpunkte betreffend ihrem von den Sollwerten abweichendem Schwingungsverhalten durch die Messvorrichtung überprüft. In one embodiment, several measuring points are checked by the measuring device with regard to their vibration behavior deviating from the setpoint values.
In einer Ausführungsform wird ein Messpunkt an einer Sonotrode, einem Amboss, einem ersten Fügepartner, insbesondere einem ersten Leiter und/oder einem zweiten Fügepartner, insbesondere einem zweiten Leiter zur Quantifizierung deren mechanischer Schwingungen verwendet wird. In one embodiment, a measuring point on a sonotrode, an anvil, a first joining partner, in particular a first conductor and / or a second joining partner, in particular a second conductor, is used to quantify their mechanical vibrations.
In einer Ausführungsform wird zur Ermittlung der Sollwerte als Referenzwert eines spezifizierten Paares aus Fügepartner ein Paar aus unverschmutzten, insbesondere gereinigten Fügepartnern verwendet und mittels der Messvorrichtung die Quantifizierung der mechanischen Schwingungen während des Fügeprozesses erfasst, indem die In one embodiment, a pair of unpolluted, in particular cleaned, joining partners is used to determine the setpoint values as a reference value of a specified pair of joining partners and the quantification of the mechanical vibrations during the joining process is recorded using the measuring device
Schwingungsamplitude und/oder Schwingungsfrequenz an einem oder mehreren Oscillation amplitude and / or oscillation frequency on one or more
Referenzpunkten erfasst werden. Es kann auch ein Mittel über eine Mehrzahl solcher Referenzmessungen gebildet werden. Reference points are recorded. A mean can also be formed over a plurality of such reference measurements.
In einer Ausführungsform wird ein Maß der relativen Abweichung der erfassten Istwerte, vorzugsweise der erfassten Schwingungsamplitude und/oder Schwingungsfrequenz von dem jeweiligen Sollwert als Maß für die Reinheit und damit Verbindungsgüte der Fügepartner verwendet. Ferner kann eine Anzeigevorrichtung vorgesehen werden, welche eine In one embodiment, a measure of the relative deviation of the detected actual values, preferably the detected oscillation amplitude and / or oscillation frequency, from the respective target value is used as a measure of the purity and thus the quality of the connection of the joining partners. Furthermore, a display device can be provided which has a
Referenzkurve einer unverschmutzten Paarung aus Fügepartnern auf deren Anzeigebildschirm anzeigt und dazu überlagert oder auf der gleichen Ansicht auch die aktuelle Messkurve abbildet, so dass bereits aus der Abweichung der dargestellten Kurven, für einen Benutzer eine Abweichung von einer guten Schweißung erkennbar wird. Reference curve of an unpolluted pairing of joining partners on their Displays the display screen and superimposed on it or also depicts the current measurement curve on the same view, so that a deviation from a good weld can be recognized by a user from the deviation of the curves shown.
In einer Ausführungsform werden bei einer relativen Abweichung des erfassten Istwertes von dem korrespondierenden Sollwert, welche größer ist als ein vorbestimmter Grenzwert, der Fügeprozess unterbrochen und/oder die Fügepartner als Fehlteile detektiert. In one embodiment, the joining process is interrupted and / or the joining partners are detected as missing parts in the event of a relative deviation of the recorded actual value from the corresponding setpoint value, which is greater than a predetermined limit value.
In einer Ausführungsform beträgt der Grenzwert maximal 10%, insbesondere maximal 5%. In one embodiment, the limit value is a maximum of 10%, in particular a maximum of 5%.
In einer Ausführungsform wird eine Frequenzverschiebung zwischen einer Anregefrequenz der Ultraschallschweißvorrichtung und einer an einem Messpunkt während des In one embodiment, a frequency shift between an excitation frequency of the ultrasonic welding device and one at a measuring point during the
Fügeprozesses gemessenen Frequenz erfasst und diese mit einer hinterlegten Soll- Frequenzverschiebung verglichen, um mittels des Grades der Frequenzverschiebung einen Reinheitsgrad der Fügepartner zu erfassen. The frequency measured during the joining process is recorded and this is compared with a stored target frequency shift in order to determine the degree of purity of the joining partners by means of the degree of the frequency shift.
Gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt der Erfindung wird die Ausgabe durch eine Vorrichtung zum Durchführen eines Verfahrens gemäß dem ersten Aspekt mit einer According to a second aspect of the invention, the output is through a device for performing a method according to the first aspect with a
Ultraschallschweißvorrichtung und einer Messvorrichtung gelöst, die ausgebildet ist das Schwingungsverhalten während des Fügeprozesses zu erfassen, das erfasste Ultrasonic welding device and a measuring device, which is designed to detect the vibration behavior during the joining process, that detected
Schwingungsverhalten mittels einer Fourieranalyse zu analysieren und mit einem To analyze vibration behavior by means of a Fourier analysis and with a
vorbestimmten Sollwert als Referenzwert zu vergleichen um eine Qualität einer to compare predetermined target value as a reference value to a quality of a
Ultraschallschweißung zu überwachen. Die Messvorrichtung kann einen Wirbelstromsensor und/oder ein Laservibrometer umfassen. Monitor ultrasonic welding. The measuring device can comprise an eddy current sensor and / or a laser vibrometer.
Weitere Ausführungsbeispiele werden anhand der Figuren näher dargestellt. Es zeigen: Further exemplary embodiments are shown in more detail with reference to the figures. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung gemäß einem Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a device according to a
Ausführungsbeispiel; Embodiment;
Fig. 2 ein Flussdiagramm für ein Verfahren gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel. 2 shows a flow diagram for a method according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer Vorrichtung gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel mit einer Ultraschallschweißvorrichtung 30 mit einem Werkzeug mit einer Sonotrode 31 und einem Amboss 32, zwischen denen Fügepartner 10, 20 angeordnet sind, um diese durch eine Schwingungsanregung der Sonotrode 31 zu verschweißen. 1 shows a schematic view of a device according to an exemplary embodiment with an ultrasonic welding device 30 with a tool with a sonotrode 31 and an anvil 32, between which joining partners 10, 20 are arranged in order to weld them together by exciting the sonotrode 31 to vibrate.
Die Ultraschallschweißvorrichtung 30 ist mit einer optischen Messvorrichtung 40 versehen, die so angeordnet ist, dass ein mechanisches Schwingungsverhalten erfasst werden kann.The ultrasonic welding device 30 is provided with an optical measuring device 40, which is arranged such that a mechanical vibration behavior can be detected.
Im beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Messvorrichtung 40 ein Laservibrometer. Als Fügepartner 10, 20 werden Drähte eines Kabelbaums verwendet. In einem weiteren In the exemplary embodiment described, the measuring device 40 is a laser vibrometer. Wires of a cable harness are used as joining partners 10, 20. In another
Ausführungsbeispiel werden andere Fügepartner verwendet. In einem weiteren In the exemplary embodiment, other joining partners are used. In another
Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst die Messvorrichtung 40 einen Wirbelstromsensor, der nahe an der Sonotrodenfläche angebracht wird. In the exemplary embodiment, the measuring device 40 comprises an eddy current sensor which is attached close to the sonotrode surface.
Die Messvorrichtung 40 dient der Erfassung und Quantifizierung der mechanischen The measuring device 40 is used to detect and quantify the mechanical
Schwingungen, vorliegend der sich einstellenden Schwingungsfrequenz an der Sonotrode 31 oder an einem der Fügepartner 10, 20, während des Fügeprozesses. Oscillations, in this case the oscillation frequency that is established on the sonotrode 31 or on one of the joining partners 10, 20, during the joining process.
Fig. 2 zeigt ein Flussdiagramm 200 für ein Verfahren gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel. 2 shows a flow diagram 200 for a method according to an exemplary embodiment.
Die Messvorrichtung 40 erfasst in Schritt 201 die Schwingungsdaten, insbesondere In step 201, measuring device 40 records the vibration data, in particular
Frequenz und Amplitude, und analysiert diese mittels einer Fourieranalyse. Anschließend vergleicht die Messvorrichtung diese analysierten Schwingungsdaten in Schritt 203 mit einem Sollwert bzw. mit Sollreferenzdaten. Wrd eine Abweichung in Schritt 205 festgestellt, so kann die Probe als verschmutzt betrachtet werden, falls die Abweichung größer als der zugelassene Grenzwert ist. Frequency and amplitude, and analyzes them using a Fourier analysis. The measuring device then compares these analyzed vibration data in step 203 with a nominal value or with nominal reference data. If a discrepancy is found in step 205, the sample can be regarded as soiled if the discrepancy is greater than the permitted limit value.
Wrd im Schritt 205 keine Abweichung oder eine Abweichung festgestellt, die kleiner als der zugelassene Grenzwert ist, so kann die Schweißung als gut gewertet werden. Bezugszeichenliste If in step 205 no discrepancy or a discrepancy that is smaller than the permitted limit value is found, the weld can be rated as good. List of reference symbols
10, 20 Fügepartner 30 Schweißanlage 31 Sonotrode10, 20 joining partner 30 welding system 31 sonotrode
32 Amboss 32 anvil
40 Messvorrichtung 200 Flussdiagramm40 measuring device 200 flowchart
201 205 Verfahrensschritt 201 205 process step

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE PATENT CLAIMS
1. Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Qualität einer Ultraschallschweißung, wobei das Schwingungsverhalten während des Fügeprozesses hinsichtlich eines Istwertes der 1. A method for monitoring the quality of an ultrasonic weld, the vibration behavior during the joining process with regard to an actual value of the
Schwingungsfrequenz und/oder der Schwingungsamplitude wenigstens eines am Oscillation frequency and / or the oscillation amplitude at least one am
Fügeprozess beteiligten Fügepartners (10, 20) und/oder beim Fügeprozess verwendeten Werkzeugs einer Ultraschallschweißvorrichtung (30) mittels Messung mit wenigstens einer Messvorrichtung (40), die zur Quantifizierung mechanischer Schwingungen ausgebildet ist, erfasst wird, das erfasste Schwingungsverhalten mittels einer Fourieranalyse analysiert und mit einem vorbestimmten Sollwert als Referenzwert verglichen wird. Joining process involved joining partner (10, 20) and / or used in the joining process tool of an ultrasonic welding device (30) by means of measurement with at least one measuring device (40), which is designed to quantify mechanical vibrations, is recorded, the recorded vibration behavior is analyzed by means of a Fourier analysis and with is compared to a predetermined target value as a reference value.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , wobei zur Quantifizierung der mechanischen Schwingungen während des Fügeprozesses eine optische Messvorrichtung (40) verwendet wird. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein an optical measuring device (40) is used to quantify the mechanical vibrations during the joining process.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei zur Quantifizierung der mechanischer 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein to quantify the mechanical
Schwingungen während des Fügeprozesses ein Wirbelstromsensor und/oder ein Vibrations during the joining process an eddy current sensor and / or a
Laservibrometer (40) verwendet wird. Laser vibrometer (40) is used.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei mehrere Messpunkte betreffend ihrem von den Sollwerten abweichendem Schwingungsverhalten durch die Messvorrichtung (40) überprüft werden. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein several measuring points are checked by the measuring device (40) with regard to their vibration behavior deviating from the setpoint values.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, wobei ein Messpunkt an einer Sonotrode (31), einem Amboss (32), einem ersten Fügepartner, insbesondere einem ersten Leiter und/oder einem zweiten Fügepartner, insbesondere einem zweiten Leiter zur Quantifizierung deren mechanischer Schwingungen verwendet wird. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein a measuring point on a sonotrode (31), an anvil (32), a first joining partner, in particular a first conductor and / or a second joining partner, in particular a second conductor, is used to quantify their mechanical vibrations.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei zur Ermittlung der Sollwerte als Referenzwert eines spezifizierten Paares aus Fügepartner (10, 20) ein Paar aus unverschmutzten, insbesondere gereinigten Fügepartnern (10, 20) verwendet wird und mittels der Messvorrichtung (40) die Quantifizierung der mechanischen Schwingungen während des Fügeprozesses erfasst wird indem die Schwingungsamplitude und/oder Schwingungsfrequenz an einem oder mehreren Referenzpunkten erfasst werden. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a pair of unpolluted, in particular cleaned, joining partners (10, 20) is used as a reference value of a specified pair of joining partners (10, 20) and the quantification is performed using the measuring device (40) of the mechanical vibrations during the joining process is recorded by recording the vibration amplitude and / or vibration frequency at one or more reference points.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei ein Maß der relativen 7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a measure of the relative
Abweichung der erfassten Istwerte, vorzugsweise der erfassten Schwingungsamplitude und/oder Schwingungsfrequenz von dem jeweiligen Sollwert als Maß für die Reinheit und damit Verbindungsgüte der Fügepartner verwendet wird. Deviation of the recorded actual values, preferably the recorded oscillation amplitude and / or oscillation frequency, from the respective nominal value is used as a measure of the purity and thus the quality of the connection of the joining partners.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, wobei bei einer relativen Abweichung des erfassten Istwertes von dem korrespondierenden Sollwert, welche größer ist als ein vorbestimmter Grenzwert, der Fügeprozess unterbrochen wird und/oder die Fügepartner als Fehlteile detektiert werden. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the event of a relative deviation of the recorded actual value from the corresponding setpoint value, which is greater than a predetermined limit value, the joining process is interrupted and / or the joining partners are detected as missing parts.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei der Grenzwert maximal 10%, insbesondere maximal 5% beträgt. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the limit value is a maximum of 10%, in particular a maximum of 5%.
10. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei eine Frequenzverschiebung zwischen einer Anregefrequenz der Ultraschallschweißvorrichtung (30) und einer an einem Messpunkt während des Fügeprozesses gemessenen Frequenz erfasst wird und diese mit einer hinterlegten Soll-Frequenzverschiebung verglichen wird, um mittels des Grades der Frequenzverschiebung einen Reinheitsgrad der Fügepartner (10, 20) zu erfassen. 10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a frequency shift between an excitation frequency of the ultrasonic welding device (30) and a frequency measured at a measuring point during the joining process is detected and this is compared with a stored target frequency shift in order to use the degree of the frequency shift The degree of purity of the joining partners (10, 20) is to be recorded.
11. Vorrichtung zum Durchführen eines Verfahrens gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 mit einer Ultraschallschweißvorrichtung (30) und einer Messvorrichtung (40), die ausgebildet ist das Schwingungsverhalten während des Fügeprozesses zu erfassen, das erfasste 11. Device for performing a method according to one of claims 1 to 10 with an ultrasonic welding device (30) and a measuring device (40), which is designed to detect the vibration behavior during the joining process that was detected
Schwingungsverhalten mittels einer Fourieranalyse zu analysieren und mit einem To analyze vibration behavior by means of a Fourier analysis and with a
vorbestimmten Sollwert als Referenzwert zu vergleichen um eine Qualität einer to compare predetermined target value as a reference value to a quality of a
Ultraschallschweißung zu überwachen. Monitor ultrasonic welding.
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Messvorrichtung (40) einen Wirbelstromsensor und/oder ein Laservibrometer umfasst. 12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the measuring device (40) comprises an eddy current sensor and / or a laser vibrometer.
EP20716447.6A 2019-04-09 2020-03-31 Method for monitoring the quality of ultrasonic welding Withdrawn EP3953098A1 (en)

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DE102019109263B4 (en) * 2019-04-09 2021-11-18 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH Method, a measuring device and an ultrasonic welding system for non-destructive testing of the quality of an ultrasonic weld
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