EP3953019A1 - Unité de séparation à membrane, ensemble d'unités de séparation à membrane et procédé de séparation à membrane - Google Patents

Unité de séparation à membrane, ensemble d'unités de séparation à membrane et procédé de séparation à membrane

Info

Publication number
EP3953019A1
EP3953019A1 EP20728940.6A EP20728940A EP3953019A1 EP 3953019 A1 EP3953019 A1 EP 3953019A1 EP 20728940 A EP20728940 A EP 20728940A EP 3953019 A1 EP3953019 A1 EP 3953019A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane separation
membrane
arrangement
separation unit
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20728940.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Voss
Rainer Hoffmann
Patrick Schiffmann
Matthias Johannink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP3953019A1 publication Critical patent/EP3953019A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/12—Controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
    • B01D53/225—Multiple stage diffusion
    • B01D53/227—Multiple stage diffusion in parallel connexion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/10—Testing of membranes or membrane apparatus; Detecting or repairing leaks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
    • B01D2053/221—Devices

Definitions

  • Membrane separation unit Arrangement of membrane separation units and
  • the present invention relates to a membrane separation unit, an arrangement with a plurality of such membrane separation units and a membrane separation method carried out using one or more corresponding membrane separation units or a corresponding arrangement.
  • Membrane separation processes for processing gas mixtures are known and, for example, from Stookey, D.J., Membranes: Gas-Separation Applications, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, online publication 2005, DOI 10.1002 / 14356007. a16_187. pub2.
  • membrane materials used here and the gas mixtures which can be separated by means of membrane separation processes reference is expressly made to the specialist literature.
  • the present invention can in principle be used in connection with all such membrane materials and membrane separation processes.
  • Membrane separation processes are based on the different permeability and possibly affinity of a membrane material for different components of a
  • the gas mixture is provided on a first side of a corresponding membrane (retentate side) and a pressure gradient is generated across the membrane.
  • Components for which the membrane has a higher permeability preferably pass through the membrane and can be removed on the second side (permeate side), if necessary using a flushing gas.
  • Components for which the membrane has a lower permeability preferably remain on the retentate side and can be discharged here.
  • the term “retentate” is used below for a gas or gas mixture discharged on the retentate side and the term “permeate” is used below for a gas or gas mixture discharged on the permeate side.
  • membrane cartridges are typically used, in which, for example, membrane stacks arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis or spirally wound membranes are formed in order to enlarge the contact surface with the membrane. Hollow fiber bundles formed from appropriate materials can also be used. A flushing gas can be fed in on the permeate side.
  • One or more membrane cartridges typically comprise a module (in a
  • Pressure housing and can be combined into several assemblies (banks or skids).
  • membrane separation units are components with a complex structure and at the same time not arbitrarily robust. To prevent damage to the membrane separation units, they must always be within the
  • the present invention sets itself the task of specifying means which allow a specification-compliant operation of a membrane separation unit to be ensured and / or documented and any damage to a membrane separation unit to be detected quickly and reliably.
  • the present invention proposes a membrane separation unit, an arrangement with a plurality of such membrane separation units and a lower
  • the present invention enables simple and reliable monitoring or monitoring by means of local operating parameter detection on a membrane separation unit. Recording of exceeding operating limits, which is independent of the process control system used (PLS, Distributed Control System, DCS or Process Control System, PCS). In the event of damage, the use of the present invention makes it easier to determine whether a defect is caused by a process control system used (PLS, Distributed Control System, DCS or Process Control System, PCS).
  • PLS Process Control System
  • PCS Process Control System
  • the present invention enables rapid and reliable detection of membrane damage on the basis of a reduction in the
  • Membrane cartridges of an assembly are removed and tested, but only those to which the damage can be attributed. This can significantly reduce the downtime of a membrane system, or a
  • Process control system saved.
  • the concentrations of individual target components are measured in the relevant product flow and also saved as a time series.
  • the complete composition of the individual flows to and from the membrane separation unit or a corresponding assembly, in particular certain components such as heavier hydrocarbons, is typically not or only sporadically measured and documented.
  • an indication and recording of the violation of these conditions should take place. This should be done locally on the membrane separation unit so that it is easily available, for example, in the event of a warranty claim.
  • Membrane separation units are conventionally measured regularly by hand or by means of an infrared measuring device in order to identify deviations between the different modules and thus possibly defective membranes. Due to different environmental conditions (outside temperature, sunshine, etc.), the absolute temperature measured at the outlet nozzle is difficult.
  • thermometer interpretable, not to mention the measurement errors of a measurement with a handheld device, for example an infrared thermometer.
  • the low-pressure side is relaxed, which means that it cools down more.
  • the permeate temperature in the individual pressure pipes cannot conventionally be measured directly. Only by measuring the outside temperature of the
  • the present invention proposes a membrane separation unit for a membrane separation process for separating a gas mixture.
  • the membrane separation unit is basically designed as explained in the introduction. It therefore has a pressure vessel and a membrane provided within the pressure vessel in a membrane arrangement.
  • the membrane arrangement can be provided in the manner explained in the introduction, for example in the form of a
  • Membrane stack a spiral wound membrane or a hollow fiber membrane.
  • the pressure vessel has an inlet connector for a feed gas mixture, an outlet connector for a permeate and an outlet connector for a retentate.
  • an inlet connection for a flushing gas can also be provided in a membrane separation unit used in the context of the present invention. However, this is not a requirement.
  • the membrane separation unit proposed according to the invention is now characterized by measuring means which are arranged at least partially within the pressure vessel and / or the inlet connection for the feed gas mixture and / or the outlet connection for the permeate and / or the outlet connection for the retentate and which are set up to record one or more operationally relevant parameters are.
  • the pressure and temperature of a feed stream and of the retentate and permeate stream to and from an entire membrane system are conventionally monitored, with only specific parameters being recorded.
  • the present invention in contrast, it is now provided to measure in particular process conditions relevant to guarantee, in particular pressures such as a transmembrane pressure, temperatures or the concentration of components particularly relevant for the membrane performance locally on a corresponding membrane cartridge or at the mentioned locations.
  • the measuring means used within the scope of the present invention can be sensor units or sensors or transmitters known per se for corresponding parameters. These can be used for transmission
  • corresponding sensor values can be set up, for example by wired or wireless (remote) transmission.
  • all types of sensors can be used, for example analog or digital sensors or so-called intelligent sensors which already carry out a certain evaluation of a corresponding measurement signal.
  • a corresponding membrane separation unit can be equipped with a documentation unit attached within the pressure vessel or with a documentation unit permanently connected to the pressure vessel, which is set up to evaluate and / or store the one or more operationally relevant parameters.
  • the documentation unit is therefore provided locally on the corresponding membrane separation unit and is set up in particular to record local parameters.
  • a corresponding membrane separation unit can be integrated into a higher-level arrangement, in particular composed of several membrane separation units, within which further evaluation and
  • Documentation units for example central process control systems, are available can.
  • the explanations given below with regard to an arrangement provided according to the invention are expressly referred to at this point.
  • the measuring means used within the scope of the present invention can in particular be provided in the form of one or more encapsulated sensors which have their own energy supply and can in particular be permanently installed on the pressure vessel. In this way, these sensors or measuring devices are similar to the known temperature stickers. Corresponding sensors can also have a local display, in particular in the form of a discolored point, or a remote transmission device, as explained below, so that corresponding data can be read out quickly and without problems.
  • corresponding measuring means can also be set up to record certain components, in particular in the permeate or retentate, but possibly also in the feed gas mixture.
  • a corresponding measuring device for example
  • spectroscopic gas sensors can be used. Since such devices can only process unpressurized analysis streams, provision can be made in this case to remove part of the respective analysis stream from the respective main stream (the feed gas mixture, the retentate stream or the permeate stream) and to expand it. After a corresponding analysis has been carried out, a corresponding analysis stream can be fed back to the main stream.
  • An essential aspect of the present invention consists in the provision of a membrane separation unit in which the documentation unit already explained is set up for provision, evaluation and / or storage of a time curve of the one or more operationally relevant parameters.
  • measurement events such as exceeding pressure gradients, i.e. the change in pressure over time, or exceeding or falling below temperature limits or maximum permitted gradients can be detected.
  • Corresponding operationally relevant parameters can be recorded in a local storage unit with a time stamp. All of the previously explained operationally relevant parameters can be evaluated in one possible guarantee case. In this way, it can be reliably determined whether any damage to a corresponding membrane separation unit is due to manufacturing errors or to operation that is not in accordance with the specifications
  • the documentation unit is advantageously set up to detect non-specification-compliant operation on the basis of the one or more operationally relevant parameters and / or one or more features of the temporal course of such parameters.
  • the documentation unit can be set up to detect an operation that is not in accordance with the specification on the basis of the one or more operationally relevant parameters and / or one or more features of the time curve.
  • the documentation unit can be set up to detect an operation that is not in accordance with the specification on the basis of the one or more operationally relevant parameters and / or one or more features of the time curve.
  • Documentation unit of the membrane separation unit provided according to the invention in particular have a remotely readable memory device. In this way, it is easily possible for an operator of a corresponding system to
  • a corresponding remotely readable memory device can in particular be set up for radio transmission of the corresponding measurement data or the operationally relevant parameters or values derived therefrom, such as time courses.
  • RFID chips are particularly suitable for a corresponding
  • the measuring means that are used in a membrane separation unit can in particular comprise a pressure transducer, and the one or more operationally relevant parameters can comprise at least one pressure value.
  • the at least one pressure transducer is arranged in particular on a permeate and / or a retentate side of the membrane arrangement within the pressure vessel. Two corresponding pressure transducers, which are on both sides of the
  • Diaphragm arrangement are provided in order to detect a transmembrane pressure in this way. In this way, and through a corresponding recording of pressure gradients, it can be documented whether a corresponding
  • the measuring means furthermore include in particular at least one temperature sensor, in addition or as an alternative to the one or more pressure sensors and corresponding other measuring means, the one or more
  • operationally relevant parameters in this case can include one or more temperature values.
  • a temperature within the context of the present invention it was recognized as particularly advantageous, in this context, a temperature within the context of the present invention.
  • the outlet nozzle is a direct temperature measurement with regard to the permeate, which cannot be falsified by external influences, for example solar radiation on the permeate outlet nozzle.
  • all of the permeate which cannot be falsified by external influences, for example solar radiation on the permeate outlet nozzle.
  • Permeate outlet nozzles are provided with a corresponding temperature measurement. This is explained in more detail below with reference to the arrangement provided according to the invention. With a corresponding
  • Temperature measurement can in particular detect membrane damage since, as mentioned, in this case a larger amount of (cold) gas passes through the membrane and therefore the temperature at the permeate outlet nozzle drops.
  • the invention can also be set up in particular for detecting a concentration of at least one component in the feed gas mixture, in the permeate and / or in the retentate.
  • the present invention also extends, as already mentioned several times, to an arrangement for separating a gas mixture by means of a
  • the arrangement provided according to the invention is characterized by a plurality of membrane separation units, as described in FIG.
  • the arrangement provided according to the invention has a central evaluation unit which is set up for the one or more
  • Membrane separation units were recorded to be subjected to a comparative evaluation. This is explained below in particular with reference to temperatures of a temperature measurement, but it can also be used for other operationally relevant
  • Parameters can be made in a corresponding manner.
  • the comparison evaluation within the scope of the present invention includes an outlier determination.
  • the determination of outliers can in particular cover a plurality of the plurality by means of the measuring means
  • Membrane separation units refer to the temperatures determined. In this way, a reliable detection of membrane damage is made possible, which in particular cannot be falsified by external temperature influences.
  • all permeate outlet nozzles be equipped with an in particular wireless surface temperature measurement (in particular using RFID chips). Corresponding measurement results can be read out and recorded regularly in the central evaluation unit, which is provided according to the invention, for example in a reading device. If it can be assumed that all permeate outlet nozzles at each measurement time have the same ambient conditions (temperature, sunshine), it is sufficient to detect outliers at the respective measurement time. All flanges or nozzles that have a temperature that is lower than a certain predetermined threshold (for example 10 ° C.) compared to the median of all measurement data indicate a defective membrane. If an outlet nozzle is constantly recognized as exceeding the detection threshold over a certain period of time (for example 24 hours), a message can be sent to a central process control system or directly to the manufacturer, after which the appropriate
  • Membrane separation unit or its membrane must be replaced. This enables reliable detection of defective membrane separation units.
  • the present invention also extends to a method for separating a gas mixture by means of a membrane separation method, this method being characterized in that one or more membrane separation units are used, as explained above, or a corresponding arrangement for
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a membrane separation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an arrangement of membrane separation units according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 is a membrane separation unit according to a particularly preferred one
  • the membrane separation unit 10 shown in Figure 1 comprises a pressure vessel 1 1, which includes a pressurizable interior space. In the interior and thus within the pressure vessel 11, a membrane arrangement 12 is provided, which can be configured in different ways, as explained above.
  • a feed gas mixture (feed) F to the membrane separation unit 10
  • an inlet connector 13 for the corresponding feed gas mixture F is provided in order to apply a feed gas mixture (feed) F to the membrane separation unit 10.
  • the membrane separation unit 10 has an outlet connection 14 for a permeate P and an outlet connection 15 for a retentate R.
  • an inlet connection 16 for a purge gas S is also illustrated, which, however, does not necessarily have to be present.
  • measuring means 17, 18 in the form of corresponding sensors are provided within the inlet connector 13 in the pressure vessel 11 or within the outlet connector 14 for the permeate P.
  • a further measuring means 19 in the form of a corresponding sensor is provided at the outlet connection 14 for the permeate P.
  • the measuring means 17 and 18 illustrated here are identical to The measuring means 17 and 18 illustrated here.
  • measuring means 17, 18, 19 are connected via wireless or wired communication links 171, 181 and 191 to a documentation unit 20, which is set up to evaluate and / or store the operationally relevant parameters recorded by means of measuring means 17, 18 and 19.
  • Documentation unit 20 is in particular attached to pressure vessel 11 or within pressure vessel 11 and is permanently connected to it.
  • the documentation unit 20 comprises, in particular, a remote data transmission module 21 or one that can be read remotely
  • FIG. 2 shows an arrangement of a plurality of membrane separation units 10, which are here identically constructed, designed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, and which have already been explained in relation to FIG.
  • a feed gas flow F is distributed to the membrane separation units 10 and into the inlet port 13, which is not shown separately here
  • Membrane separation units 10 fed.
  • a permeate stream is withdrawn from the membrane separation units 10 via the extraction nozzle for permeate, which are not separately illustrated here, and combined to form a permeate collecting stream P.
  • a retentate collection flow R which is formed from retentate that is withdrawn via the withdrawal nozzle 15.
  • a respective measuring means 19 is illustrated on the permeate outlet nozzle, which is designed here as a temperature sensor.
  • a central evaluation unit 30 temperature values can be recorded centrally and subjected to a comparison evaluation, as already explained above. The same applies to values of the measuring means 17 and (not shown) 18.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une unité de séparation (10) à membrane pour un procédé de séparation à membrane destiné à séparer un mélange gazeux, l'unité de séparation (10) à membrane présentant un récipient sous pression (11) et une membrane fournie à l'intérieur du récipient sous pression (11) dans un ensemble membrane (12), et le récipient sous pression (11) présentant une tubulure d'entrée (13) pour un mélange de gaz de départ (F), une tubulure de sortie (14) pour un perméat (P) et une tubulure de sortie (15) pour un rétentat (R). L'unité de séparation (10) à membrane présente des moyens de mesure (17, 18, 19) disposés au moins en partie à l'intérieur du récipient sous pression (11) et/ou de la tubulure d'entrée (13) pour le mélange de gaz de départ et/ou de la tubulure de sortie (14) pour le perméat (P) et/ou de la tubulure de sortie (15) pour le rétentat (R), qui sont conçus pour acquérir une ou plusieurs grandeurs caractéristiques pertinentes pour le fonctionnement. L'invention concerne également un ensemble (100) composé de plusieurs unités de séparation (10) à membrane correspondantes et un procédé pour séparer un mélange de gaz au moyen d'un procédé de séparation à membrane au moyen d'une ou de plusieurs unités de séparation (10) à membrane correspondantes ou au moyen d'un ensemble (100) correspondant.
EP20728940.6A 2019-04-08 2020-03-27 Unité de séparation à membrane, ensemble d'unités de séparation à membrane et procédé de séparation à membrane Pending EP3953019A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19020270.5A EP3721970A1 (fr) 2019-04-08 2019-04-08 Unité de séparation de membrane, agencement d'unités de séparation de membrane et procédé de séparation de membrane
PCT/EP2020/025149 WO2020207625A1 (fr) 2019-04-08 2020-03-27 Unité de séparation à membrane, ensemble d'unités de séparation à membrane et procédé de séparation à membrane

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3953019A1 true EP3953019A1 (fr) 2022-02-16

Family

ID=66104981

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19020270.5A Withdrawn EP3721970A1 (fr) 2019-04-08 2019-04-08 Unité de séparation de membrane, agencement d'unités de séparation de membrane et procédé de séparation de membrane
EP20728940.6A Pending EP3953019A1 (fr) 2019-04-08 2020-03-27 Unité de séparation à membrane, ensemble d'unités de séparation à membrane et procédé de séparation à membrane

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19020270.5A Withdrawn EP3721970A1 (fr) 2019-04-08 2019-04-08 Unité de séparation de membrane, agencement d'unités de séparation de membrane et procédé de séparation de membrane

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20220176319A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP3721970A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA3134461A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020207625A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5837125A (en) * 1995-12-05 1998-11-17 Praxair Technology, Inc. Reactive purge for solid electrolyte membrane gas separation
DE102010003507A1 (de) * 2010-03-31 2011-10-06 Volker J. Wetzel Gaspermeationsanlage und Verfahren zur Gaspermeation
DE102016220107B4 (de) * 2016-10-14 2020-01-02 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Entgasungsvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20220176319A1 (en) 2022-06-09
CA3134461A1 (fr) 2020-10-15
WO2020207625A1 (fr) 2020-10-15
EP3721970A1 (fr) 2020-10-14

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