EP3943871A1 - Silencieux d'arme à feu, en particulier un silencieux de fusil - Google Patents

Silencieux d'arme à feu, en particulier un silencieux de fusil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3943871A1
EP3943871A1 EP21185487.2A EP21185487A EP3943871A1 EP 3943871 A1 EP3943871 A1 EP 3943871A1 EP 21185487 A EP21185487 A EP 21185487A EP 3943871 A1 EP3943871 A1 EP 3943871A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
suppressor
firearm
chamber
guide structure
flow guide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21185487.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3943871B1 (fr
EP3943871C0 (fr
Inventor
Lauri JANTUNEN
Miikka TAMMINEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sako Oy
Original Assignee
Sako Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sako Oy filed Critical Sako Oy
Publication of EP3943871A1 publication Critical patent/EP3943871A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3943871B1 publication Critical patent/EP3943871B1/fr
Publication of EP3943871C0 publication Critical patent/EP3943871C0/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/30—Silencers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to suppressors for firearm, in particular for rifles. More precisely the present invention relates to a firearm suppressor, in particular to a rifle suppressor, according to the preamble part of claim 1. The present invention also relates to a firearm comprising a suppressor.
  • the noise generation in a firearm shot has three main components: muzzle blast, sonic boom and the mechanical action.
  • muzzle blast In the field of noise and flash reduction of firearms has been presented quite many different constructions and devices for the same purpose i.e. to dampen the noise and flash caused by the rapid burning of propellants when the firearm is fired.
  • the noise of undamped firearm may exceed 130 dB, even 160 dB, and can be harmful for firearm users or anyone nearby and disturb large surrounding areas, for example by a hunting area or by a shooting range. It is also preferred to be avoided or at least minimized in military applications where the sound of the firing immediately attracts the attention of parties concerned.
  • the better the suppressor is in terms of noise reduction and if combined to easy or simple manufacturability and to low weight, the better the suppressor is in terms of commercial interest.
  • a firearm bullet or in general a projectile is rapidly accelerated at firing to an initial velocity of 300 to 1100 m/s depending the type of the firearm.
  • the initial velocity means here the velocity of the projectile when exiting the barrel or corresponding part of a firearm. This means that the initial velocity may be within range on about 0,8 to 3,3 Mach (where 1 Mach is the speed of the sound when the medium is normal atmospheric air in about normal temperature and pressure (ntp).
  • 1 Mach is the speed of the sound when the medium is normal atmospheric air in about normal temperature and pressure (ntp).
  • the flow dynamics range concerned may vary from slightly subsonic to highly supersonic flows.
  • the suppressor In case of supersonic noise dampening, the suppressor is not capable of reducing the noise originating from the projectile breaking the sound barrier during the flight to a destination.
  • the aim of the suppressor is to reduce as much as possible the noise generated by the muzzle blast i.e. the phase when the projectile is no longer in front of that high pressure propellant gas and the pressure is rapidly normalizing to an atmospheric pressure, the burning propellant is exiting the barrel and when the propellant residuals are burning outside the barrel.
  • the propellant gases will expand violently to the atmosphere and produce noise.
  • the main operating principle of the suppressor is to provide a controlled volume to allow the gas to expand into, and preferably burn out.
  • the regular suppressors are basically formed as a closed structure as long as the projectile is inside the suppressor, which causes excess back pressure.
  • a flow-through suppressor allows the gas to pass through the suppressor so that the back-pressure increase is eliminated or at least minimized.
  • suppressors An important factor of the suppressors is also weight as attached at the end of the barrel the suppressor affects to the shooting properties of the firearm and also increases the overall weight of the firearm in use.
  • the objective of the present invention is to provide a firearm suppressor capable of reducing a significant amount of noise caused by the firing of a firearm.
  • One objective is also to provide a suppressor construction, which is capable of producing an effective flow loss i.e. consume the flow energy inside the suppressor to different losses and thus reducing the noise caused sudden eruption of propellant gases.
  • One objective is also to enable the residual burning of the propellant gas still containing some unburned propellants within the suppressor housing, thus diminishing the noise effect of suddenly burning residuals outside the barrel.
  • One objective is further to create an improved firearm suppressor, in particular a rifle suppressor, by which the above described problems disadvantages relating to known suppressors are eliminated or at least minimized.
  • an objective is to create an improved firearm suppressor, in particular a rifle suppressor, in which the noise eliminating properties in relation to the weight of the suppressor are optimized.
  • the firearm suppressor in particular a rifle suppressor, is mainly characterized by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the firearm suppressor in particular a rifle suppressor has a substantially rotationally symmetrical cylindrical form and comprises a suppressor housing, chambers for expansion and burning of propellant gases and arranged inside the suppressor housing, an aperture for a projectile configured to be fired by the firearm and located around an imaginary center axis of the suppressor, wherein the suppressor comprises an inner flow guide structure and the inner flow guide structure comprises radially inclined guide openings.
  • the suppressor comprises a circumferential chamber inside the suppressor housing and the inner flow guide structure is located inside the circumferential chamber.
  • the inner flow guide structure comprises 3 - 8 radially inclined guide openings.
  • inclination angle of the radially inclined guide openings in relation to travel direction of the projectile is advantageously 30 - 70 degrees.
  • the inner flow guide structure further comprises a conical space configured to provide further space for expansion and burning of the propellant gases.
  • the conical space is followed by a cylindrical space inside a flange.
  • the suppressor comprises a baffle chamber with baffles.
  • a sleeve is provided around the baffles configured to form a separate burning chamber for the propellant gases.
  • the sleeve closes the baffle chamber such, that the propellant gases cannot escape from the circumferential chamber comprising the inner flow guide structure past the projectile into the separate burning i.e. baffle chamber nor escape from the suppressor before the projectile and thus deviate trajectory of the projectile.
  • the suppressor is a flow-through suppressor and comprises exit openings for gas is provided in the suppressor housing.
  • a tubing is provided for gas is provided in the circumferential chamber inside the suppressor housing and inlet end/-s of the tubing is in flow connection with the radially inclined guide openings of the inner flow guide structure.
  • outlet end/-s of the tubing is in flow connection with the exit openings.
  • the tubing circumvents in the circumferential chamber.
  • the suppressor comprises three main volumes, or chambers for exhausting and burning the propellant gases, that a first chamber is located at one end of the suppressor and in travel direction of the projectile before the inner flow guide structure and the middle chamber is located inside a circumferential chamber and formed by the inner flow guide structure comprising diagonal cuts with acute angles i.e. the radially inclined openings from a projectile channel i.e. the aperture and at other end a baffle chamber.
  • a firearm in particular a rifle, comprises the suppressor according to the invention or to any of the advantageous features of the invention.
  • the suppressor comprises three main volumes, or chambers for exhausting and burning the propellant gases.
  • First chamber not shown in the figures, is located at the right end of the suppressor i.e. in travel direction of the projectile before the inner flow guide structure.
  • the suppressor has thus two large volumes, or chambers for the expanding gases to burn in and the third volume, or chamber is a separate enclosed space inside the second large chamber formed by the inner guide structure.
  • the middle chamber inside the circumferential chamber formed by the inner flow guide structure comprises diagonal cuts with acute angles i.e. the radially inclined openings from the projectile channel i.e. the aperture, which cuts and redirect the gas flow in addition to allowing the gas to expand outwards.
  • the expanding gas has already gained some momentum and begins to move forward more than expanding outside due to the radially inclined openings.
  • the location of the radially inclined openings provide moving the suppressor further back from the muzzle resulting in less length past the muzzle without decreasing internal volume.
  • the firearm suppressor is capable of reducing a significant amount of noise caused by the firing of a firearm.
  • the firearm suppressor construction is capable of producing an effective flow loss i.e. consume the flow energy inside the suppressor to different losses and thus reducing the noise caused sudden eruption of propellant gases. It also enables the residual burning of the propellant gas still containing some unburned propellants within the suppressor housing, thus diminishing the noise effect of suddenly burning residuals outside the barrel.
  • the improved firearm suppressor, in particular the rifle suppressor has optimized the noise eliminating properties in relation to the weight of the suppressor.
  • FIG. 1 is shown an example of a firearm 100, in particular a rifle, comprising a suppressor 50 attached to a barrel 75 of the firearm 100.
  • FIG 2 is schematically shown an example of the suppressor 50 comprising a suppressor housing 55 defining the outer surface of the suppressor 50.
  • the travel direction of a projectile in the suppressor 50 is along the imaginary center axis of the rotationally symmetrical cylindrical form of the suppressor 50 from left to right in the figure 2 .
  • the suppressor 50 At one end of the suppressor 50, in the figure at the left end the suppressor 50 comprises an inlet opening to an aperture 12 for the projectile and the propellant gases and mounting means for fastening / detaching the suppressor 50 with a barrel 75 of the firearm 100.
  • the suppressor 50 comprises an outlet opening from the aperture 12 for the projectile.
  • the suppressor 50 comprises three main chambers inside the suppressor housing 55 for exhausting and burning the propellant gases.
  • First chamber 60 shown in the figure 10 , is located at one end, the left end in the figure 2 , of the suppressor 50, i.e. in travel direction of the projectile before an inner flow guide structure 20 ( figs. 3-7 and 10 ).
  • the suppressor 50 has thus two large volumes, or chambers for the expanding gases to burn in and the third volume, or chamber is a separate enclosed space inside a circumferential chamber, a second large chamber 30 and is formed by the inner guide structure 20 and is configured to form a middle chamber.
  • a baffle chamber 18 is also located inside the circumferential chamber 30.
  • FIG 3 is schematically shown an example of an inner flow guide structure 20 of the suppressor 50 of figure 2 .
  • the travel direction of the projectile in the inner flow guide structure 20 is along the imaginary center axis of the rotationally symmetrical cylindrical form of the inner flow guide structure 20 from right to left in the figure 2 .
  • the inner flow guide structure 20 comprises radially inclined guide openings 25, advantageously 3 - 8 radially inclined guide openings 25, which provide for expansion of the propellant gases and guide the propellant gases into a larger volume in a circumferential chamber 30 ( fig. 7 ) inside the suppressor housing 55 ( fig. 2 ) to extend time of the burning of the propellant gases.
  • the inclination angle of the radially inclined guide openings 25 in relation to travel direction of the projectile is advantageously 30 - 70 degrees.
  • FIG 4 is schematically shown as a cross-sectional view the example of the inner flow guide structure of figure 3 .
  • the travel direction of the projectile in the inner flow guide structure 20 is along the imaginary center axis of the rotationally symmetrical cylindrical form of the inner flow guide structure 20 from right to left in the figure 2 .
  • the inner flow guide structure 20 comprises radially inclined guide openings 25, advantageously 3 - 8 radially inclined guide openings 25, which provide for expansion of the propellant gases and guide the propellant gases into a larger volume to extend time of the burning of the propellant gases.
  • the inclination angle of the radially inclined guide openings 25 in relation to travel direction of the projectile is advantageously 30 - 70 degrees.
  • the inner flow guide structure 20 also comprises a conical space 24, which also provides space for expansion and burning of the propellant gases.
  • the conical space 24 is advantageously followed by a cylindrical space 23 inside a flange 21, which is sealed to a next chamber 18 ( figs 5-7 , 10 ).
  • figure 5 is schematically shown as a cross-sectional view an advantageous example of inner structure of the suppressor according to the invention without the outer circumferential chamber 30 ( fig. 7 ) directly inside the suppressor housing 55 ( figs. 2 & 7 , 10 ).
  • figure 6 is schematically shown as a perspective view the example of the inner structure of figure 5 .
  • the travel direction of projectile in the suppressor 50 is along the imaginary center axis of the rotationally symmetrical cylindrical form of the suppressor 50 from right to left.
  • the radially inclined guide openings 25 in the inner flow guide structure 20 provide guidance for the propellant gases inside the suppressor 50 such, that in addition to expanding the propellant gases are guided forward to larger volume in the circumferential chamber 30 inside the suppressor housing 55 for the propellant gases to burn and for pressure of the propellant gases to balance.
  • the inner flow guide structure 20 also comprises a conical space 24, which also provides space for expansion and burning of the propellant gases before the propellant gases meet first of baffles 15 in a baffle chamber 18. Additionally, conical form of the conical space 24 provides significant decrease in weight of the suppressor 50 and a well suppressing and light suppressor 50 is achieved.
  • a sleeve 16 is provided around the baffles 15 and a separate burning chamber i.e. a baffle chamber 18 provided for the propellant gases.
  • the sleeve 16 closes this baffle chamber 18 such, that the propellant gases cannot escape from the circumferential chamber 30 comprising the inner flow guide structure 20 past the projectile into the baffle chamber 18 nor escape from the suppressor 50 before the projectile and thus deviate trajectory of the projectile.
  • figure 7 is schematically shown as a perspective view an advantageous example of inner structure of the suppressor according to the invention with the outer circumferential chamber 30 ( fig. 7 ) directly inside the suppressor housing 55.
  • the travel direction of projectile in the suppressor 50 is along the imaginary center axis of the rotationally symmetrical cylindrical form of the suppressor 50 from right to left.
  • the circumferential chamber 30 is configured to provide larger volume for expanding of the propellant gases.
  • FIG 8 is schematically shown an advantageous example of the suppressor 50 according to the invention for a flow-through configuration of a suppressor.
  • construction of the suppressor 50 corresponds to that of the previous figures but additionally exit openings 41 for gas is provided in the suppressor housing 55.
  • FIG 9 is schematically shown an advantageous example of the suppressor according to the invention.
  • This example is advantageously combined with the example of figure 8 .
  • construction of the suppressor 50 corresponds to that of the previous figures but additionally a tubing 42 is provided for gas is provided in the circumferential chamber 30 ( fig. 7 ) inside the suppressor housing 55.
  • Inlet end of the tubing 42 is in flow connection with the radially inclined guide openings 25 of the inner flow guide structure 20 and the outlet end is in flow connection with the exit openings 41.
  • the tubing 42 circumvents in the circumferential chamber 30 in a spiral form.
  • the firearm suppressor 50 has the substantially rotationally symmetrical cylindrical form and comprises the suppressor housing 55, the chambers 18, 20, 30, 60 for expansion and burning of propellant gases and is arranged inside the suppressor housing 55.
  • the suppressor also comprises the aperture 12 located around the imaginary center axis of the suppressor 50 for a projectile configured to be fired by the firearm and to pass through the suppressor 50 as indicated by arrow P.
  • the suppressor 50 comprises the inner flow guide structure 20 and the circumferential chamber 30 inside the suppressor housing 55 and he baffle chamber 18 with baffles 15.
  • the inner flow guide structure 20 is located inside the circumferential chamber 30 and comprises the radially inclined guide openings 25 having the inclination angle of 30 - 70 degrees in relation to travel direction of the projectile.
  • the sleeve 16 is provided around the baffles 15 and is configured to form the separate burning chamber for the propellant gases.
  • the inner flow guide structure 20 further comprises the conical space 24, which is configured to provide further space for expansion and burning of the propellant gases.
  • the conical space 24 is followed by the cylindrical space 23 inside the flange 21.
  • the suppressor 50 comprises three main volumes, or chambers for exhausting and burning the propellant gases, flows F of which propellant gases are indicated by arrows F.
  • the first chamber 60 is located at one end of the suppressor 50 and in travel direction of the projectile before the inner flow guide structure 20 and that the middle chamber is located inside the circumferential chamber 30 and formed by the inner flow guide structure 20 comprising the diagonal cuts with acute angles i.e. the radially inclined openings 25 from the projectile channel i.e. the aperture 12 and at other end the baffle chamber 18.
  • the first chamber 60 comprises a first expansion space 64 and a back expansion space 65, to which part of the propellant gases are guided by reflectors 64.
  • the suppressor 50 thus comprises three main volumes, or chambers for exhausting and burning the propellant gases.
  • First chamber 60 shown in figure 10 , is located at one end, the right end in figures 3-7 , 10 , of the suppressor 50 i.e. in travel direction of the projectile before the inner flow guide structure 20.
  • the suppressor 50 has thus two large volumes, or chambers for the expanding gases to burn in and the third volume, or chamber is a separate enclosed space inside the second large chamber 30 formed by the inner guide structure 20.
  • the middle chamber inside the circumferential chamber 30 formed by the inner flow guide structure 20 comprises diagonal cuts with acute angles i.e. the radially inclined openings 25 from the projectile channel i.e. the aperture 12, which cuts and redirect the gas flow in addition to allowing the gas to expand outwards.
  • the expanding gas has already gained some momentum and begins to move forward more than expanding outside due to the radially inclined openings 25.
  • the location of the radially inclined openings 25 provide moving the suppressor further back from the muzzle resulting in less length past the muzzle without decreasing internal volume.
  • the radially inclined openings 25 are advantageously borings but the inner flow guide structure 20 can be produced in various ways, for example by 3D printing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
EP21185487.2A 2020-07-24 2021-07-14 Silencieux d'arme à feu, en particulier un silencieux de fusil Active EP3943871B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20205767A FI129881B (fi) 2020-07-24 2020-07-24 Aseen äänenvaimennin, erityisesti kiväärin äänenvaimennin

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3943871A1 true EP3943871A1 (fr) 2022-01-26
EP3943871B1 EP3943871B1 (fr) 2023-07-05
EP3943871C0 EP3943871C0 (fr) 2023-07-05

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EP21185487.2A Active EP3943871B1 (fr) 2020-07-24 2021-07-14 Silencieux d'arme à feu, en particulier un silencieux de fusil

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EP (1) EP3943871B1 (fr)
FI (1) FI129881B (fr)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2503491A (en) * 1948-03-29 1950-04-11 Janz Robert Gun silencer, including side branch chamber
US4869151A (en) * 1987-08-19 1989-09-26 Chahin Eduardo A Noise and recoil suppressor apparatus for high powered rifles
US20070266844A1 (en) * 2006-04-03 2007-11-22 Surefire, Llc Sound suppressors for firearms
US20100180759A1 (en) * 2005-05-12 2010-07-22 Petersen Byron S Energy suppressors
US7832323B1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2010-11-16 Davies Robert B Firearm suppressor
US20170205175A1 (en) * 2016-01-17 2017-07-20 Joseph Garst Firearm suppression device
DE202016006589U1 (de) * 2016-10-25 2018-01-21 Tim Enderle Gasumlenker im 120° Winkel, verbunden mit einem Schalldämpfer für Langwaffen
WO2019134011A1 (fr) * 2018-01-05 2019-07-11 Mdg - Muzzle Devices Gmbh Système de silencieux pour une arme à feu
US10502512B1 (en) * 2018-08-23 2019-12-10 Smith & Wesson Inc. Firearm muzzle accessory
US20200025495A1 (en) * 2018-01-23 2020-01-23 Delta P Design, Inc. Suppressor with blowout panel

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2503491A (en) * 1948-03-29 1950-04-11 Janz Robert Gun silencer, including side branch chamber
US4869151A (en) * 1987-08-19 1989-09-26 Chahin Eduardo A Noise and recoil suppressor apparatus for high powered rifles
US20100180759A1 (en) * 2005-05-12 2010-07-22 Petersen Byron S Energy suppressors
US20070266844A1 (en) * 2006-04-03 2007-11-22 Surefire, Llc Sound suppressors for firearms
US7832323B1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2010-11-16 Davies Robert B Firearm suppressor
US20170205175A1 (en) * 2016-01-17 2017-07-20 Joseph Garst Firearm suppression device
DE202016006589U1 (de) * 2016-10-25 2018-01-21 Tim Enderle Gasumlenker im 120° Winkel, verbunden mit einem Schalldämpfer für Langwaffen
WO2019134011A1 (fr) * 2018-01-05 2019-07-11 Mdg - Muzzle Devices Gmbh Système de silencieux pour une arme à feu
US20200025495A1 (en) * 2018-01-23 2020-01-23 Delta P Design, Inc. Suppressor with blowout panel
US10502512B1 (en) * 2018-08-23 2019-12-10 Smith & Wesson Inc. Firearm muzzle accessory

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI129881B (fi) 2022-10-14
EP3943871B1 (fr) 2023-07-05
FI20205767A1 (en) 2022-01-25
EP3943871C0 (fr) 2023-07-05

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