EP3938614B1 - Anordnung, bohrmaschine und verfahren zur steuerung der bewegungsgeschwindigkeit eines klopfelements einer bohrmaschine - Google Patents

Anordnung, bohrmaschine und verfahren zur steuerung der bewegungsgeschwindigkeit eines klopfelements einer bohrmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3938614B1
EP3938614B1 EP20723576.3A EP20723576A EP3938614B1 EP 3938614 B1 EP3938614 B1 EP 3938614B1 EP 20723576 A EP20723576 A EP 20723576A EP 3938614 B1 EP3938614 B1 EP 3938614B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
damping chamber
percussive element
percussive
conduit
fluid
Prior art date
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Application number
EP20723576.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3938614C0 (de
EP3938614A1 (de
Inventor
Maria Pettersson
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Epiroc Rock Drills AB
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Epiroc Rock Drills AB
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Publication of EP3938614A1 publication Critical patent/EP3938614A1/de
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Publication of EP3938614C0 publication Critical patent/EP3938614C0/de
Publication of EP3938614B1 publication Critical patent/EP3938614B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
    • B25D9/145—Control devices for the reciprocating piston for hydraulically actuated hammers having an accumulator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
    • B25D9/26—Control devices for adjusting the stroke of the piston or the force or frequency of impact thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B6/00—Drives for drilling with combined rotary and percussive action

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to mining industry. More in particular, the invention relates to an arrangement to control the movement speed of a percussive element arranged to be moved in a housing of a drilling machine.
  • the invention further relates to a drilling machine comprising an arrangement to control the movement speed of a percussive element which is arranged to be moved in the drilling machine, as well as a method to control the movement speed of a percussive element which is arranged to be moved in a housing of a drilling machine.
  • percussive rock drilling constitutes a common method to drill rock.
  • the rock is crushed when a drill bit strikes the rock at a high frequency, whereby buttons arranged on the drill bit crush the rock.
  • the drill bit is rotated in order for the buttons to hit new parts of the rock with each impact. Since drilling is often performed in deep holes, the drill bit is often arranged on a drill rod, which is in turn arranged on an adapter mounted in a drilling machine. The adapter, the drill rod and the drill bit together form an assembly called a drill string.
  • a percussive element such as a percussive piston impacts the adapter, whereby the impulse is distributed along the drill string, down the hole and finally into the rock via the drill bit.
  • One or more drill rods may be joined to extend the drill string. Examples of common drilling methods are top hammer drilling, Down-the-Hole (DTH) and COPROD.
  • a feed force directed towards the rock, is applied to the drilling machine, e.g. by a hydraulic piston.
  • the feed force acts on the drill string and on the rock through the drilling machine.
  • the feed force is not great enough and the adapter may consequently be located, within certain limits, in an arbitrary position in the drilling machine. This may for instance happen when the drilling machine is freehammering during scaling. Another occasion when it may happen is when the drill string is stuck in the hole. A pulling force then has to be applied to the machine while the machine is at the same time striking and rotating, so called backhammering.
  • the adapter position may also be displaced as a result of wear of the adapter and of components in the housing of the drilling machine. At these occasions, there is a great risk that the drilling machine and the drill string are damaged, since a large part of the percussion energy is absorbed by the machine and by the string.
  • the American patent US 5056606 A shows a drilling machine having a damping chamber where the percussive piston is made to stop when the adapter has been displaced from its normal operating position in a direction towards the rock.
  • hydraulic oil is pressed from a chamber through a bypass conduit arranged on the percussive piston.
  • the hydraulic oil displaces a damping piston and thereafter brakes the percussive piston in a second step.
  • the hydraulic oil is drained from the chamber and the piston stops.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement for drilling at a displaced adapter position, also called percussion position, which compared to known art allows the drilling machine to work in a better way while at the same time reducing the risk of damage to the machine and to the string.
  • a displaced adapter position also called percussion position
  • the object is achieved according to a first aspect by an arrangement to control the movement speed of a percussive element which is arranged to move in a housing of a drilling machine.
  • the percussive element comprises a brake surface.
  • the housing further comprises a damping chamber configured to contain a fluid provided to dampen the movement speed of the percussive element in the housing.
  • the housing further comprises a conduit configured to lead fluid from the damping chamber.
  • the arrangement is configured to control the movement speed of the percussive element by adapting the pressure by which the fluid in the damping chamber affects the brake surface of the percussive element by leading fluid from the damping chamber only when a predetermined reference point of the percussive element is located ahead of a predetermined first position along an axial elongation of the damping chamber.
  • the arrangement is arranged to control the movement speed of the percussive element by containing a fluid in a damping chamber affecting a brake surface of the percussive element, the movement speed of the percussive element may be dampened in a very short distance without mechanically affecting the percussive element.
  • the housing of the drilling machine further comprises a conduit configured to lead fluid from the damping chamber, the damping pressure, by which the fluid affects the brake surface and consequently the percussive element, may be reduced such that the damping effect on the percussive element is lowered or is made to level out.
  • the percussive element may be made to continue striking even after the percussive piston has started to brake via the damping chamber.
  • the present invention allows the percussive element to strike with a reduced speed without displacing the percussion position. A consequence of a displaced percussion position is that the percussive element does not reach the adapter. This is mitigated in the present invention.
  • the damping force is not reduced until the percussive element has moved a predetermined distance in the damping chamber and has thereby had time to been braked to an adequate, predetermined speed.
  • a point of the percussive element being located "ahead" of a position in the damping chamber is hereby meant that the point of the percussive element is located deeper inside the damping chamber, i.e. along the axial elongation of the damping chamber.
  • the point of the percussive element, and consequently the percussive element as a whole, is located closer to the adapter.
  • the interaction between the reference point of the percussive element and the first position may be determined based on which drilling machine is used, on the properties of the damping fluid, on how the percussive element is designed, on the play between the percussive element and the wall of the damping chamber, and on the pressure level in the chamber.
  • the reference point of the percussive element may be a point somewhere along the axial elongation of the percussive element.
  • the reference point may for instance be located in the plane defined by the brake surface in case the brake surface is orthogonally arranged relative to the elongation of the percussive element. This will be further described below.
  • a lateral surface of the percussive element is configured to interact with the conduit such that when the reference point of the percussive element is behind the first position the lateral surface of the percussive element blocks fluid communication between the damping chamber and the conduit.
  • the lateral surface of the percussive element is configured to interact with the conduit such that when the reference point of the percussive element is ahead of the first position the conduit is uncovered, whereby the damping chamber is placed in fluid communication with the conduit.
  • block is herein meant to substantially prevent or block. There will always be a certain leakage since the percussive element has to have a small play in relation to the wall of the damping chamber to be able to move easily. Since the lateral surface of the percussive element is shaped to interact with the conduit so that the lateral surface of the percussive element blocks or prevents fluid communication between the damping chamber and the conduit when the reference point of the percussive element is located behind the first position, the percussive element will prevent fluid from flowing from the damping chamber through the conduit until the percussive element has moved a predetermined distance into the damping chamber.
  • the arrangement is configured to adapt the pressure by which the fluid in the damping chamber affects the brake surface of the percussive element by only leading fluid from the damping chamber when the reference point of the percussive element is located between the first position and a predetermined second position along the axial elongation of the damping chamber, wherein the second position is located ahead of the first position along the axial elongation of the damping chamber.
  • the arrangement is configured to only lead fluid from the damping chamber when the reference point of the percussive element is located between the first position and a predetermined second position along the axial elongation of the damping chamber, it is achieved that fluid is only led from the damping chamber when the percussive element moves so that its reference point is located between the first and the second position. In this way, the damping force is reduced only when the percussive element moves so that its reference point is located between the first and the second position, i.e. when the percussive element moves along the axial elongation of the damping chamber from the first point towards the second point.
  • the damping force will increase quickly as soon as the percussive element is positioned so far into the damping chamber that the reference point is located ahead of the second position.
  • the part of the damping chamber located ahead of the second position may work as an extra brake and slow down the percussive element in case it moves too fast, too far into the damping chamber.
  • the risk that the percussive element strikes the adapter at a too high velocity, or when the adapter is located too far ahead in the drilling machine, is minimized, which could lead to damage of the drilling machine and of the drill string.
  • the lateral surface of the percussive element may be configured to interact with the conduit such that when the reference point of the percussive element is ahead of the second position, the lateral surface of the percussive element blocks fluid communication between the damping chamber and the conduit.
  • the damping chamber constitutes an elongated, substantially cylindrical cavity in the housing of the drilling machine, along which the percussive element is configured to move.
  • the conduit may then comprise a first and a second end.
  • the lateral surface of the percussive element may be configured to interact with the conduit such that when the reference point of the percussive element is ahead of the first position the first end of the conduit is in fluid communication with a part of the damping chamber which is located ahead of the brake surface of the percussive element along the axial elongation of the damping chamber while the second end of the conduit is simultaneously in fluid communication with a part of the damping chamber which is located behind the brake surface of the percussive element along the axial elongation of the damping chamber.
  • fluid may be led past the percussive element from a forward part of the damping chamber to a rear part of the damping chamber, wherein the rear part of the damping chamber is located behind the brake surface of the percussive element.
  • the fluid located in the rear part of the damping chamber will thus not affect the brake surface of the percussive element with a damping force and the damping effect on the percussive element is reduced.
  • the damping chamber may comprise a first part having a first diameter and a second part having a second diameter, wherein the second diameter is greater than the first diameter.
  • the second part will have a greater diameter than the first part.
  • the damping chamber may in its forward axial end comprise a third part having a third diameter, wherein the third diameter substantially corresponds to the first diameter.
  • a damping chamber where at least a part of the damping chamber has a greater diameter than two other parts of the damping chamber.
  • the damping chamber may for instance have a main diameter and a part having a greater diameter than the main diameter.
  • the percussive element may be substantially cylindrically shaped and comprise a first part having a fourth diameter and a second part having a fifth diameter, wherein the fourth diameter is lesser than the first diameter and the fifth diameter substantially corresponds to the first diameter.
  • the first part of the percussive element will have a smaller diameter than the first part of the damping chamber and the second part of the percussive element will have a diameter which corresponds to the first part of the damping chamber.
  • the second part of the percussive element may then comprise the brake surface.
  • the conduit may be constituted by the part of the damping chamber which has the second diameter.
  • the object is also achieved according to a second aspect by a drilling machine comprising the arrangement.
  • the drilling machine comprises the arrangement, the same advantages as above are provided. There is thereby provided a drilling machine which at drilling with reduced feed force/displaced adapter position may continue to operate while at the same time reducing the risk of damage to the machine and to the drill string.
  • the object is also achieved according to a third aspect by a method to control the movement speed of a percussive element arranged to be moved in a housing of a drilling machine, wherein the percussive element comprises a brake surface.
  • the housing of the drilling machine comprises a damping chamber configured to contain a fluid provided to dampen the movement speed of the percussive element in the housing and a conduit configured to lead fluid from the damping chamber.
  • the method comprises adapting the pressure by which the fluid in the damping chamber affects the brake surface of the percussive element by leading fluid from the damping chamber only when a predetermined reference point of the percussive element is located ahead of a predetermined first position along an axial elongation of the damping chamber.
  • a drilling machine may continue to operate even at reduced feed force/displaced adapter position while at the same time reducing the risk of damage to the machine and to the drill string.
  • the method further comprises adapting the pressure by which the fluid affects the brake surface of the percussive element by preventing fluid communication between the damping chamber and the conduit when the reference point of the percussive element is located ahead of a predetermined second position along the axial elongation of the damping chamber, which second position is located ahead of the first position along the axial elongation of the damping chamber.
  • the damping force is reduced only when the percussive element moves such that its reference point is located between the first and the second position. Since no fluid is led from the damping chamber when the reference point of the percussive element is located ahead of the second position, the damping force will quickly increase as soon as the percussive element is located so far into the damping chamber that the reference point is located ahead of the second position. Thereby, the part of the damping chamber that is located ahead of the second position may work as an extra brake and slow down the percussive element in case it moves at a too high velocity, too far into the damping chamber. Thereby, the risk of the percussive element striking the adapter at too high speed, or when the adapter is located too far ahead in the drilling machine, is reduced, which could lead to damage of the drilling machine and of the drill string.
  • Figure 1 and 2 illustrate a part of a housing 1 of the drilling machine according to prior art.
  • An adapter 3 is arranged in the housing 1.
  • the adapter 3 is further arranged on a drill rod of a drill string (not shown) outside the housing 1.
  • the adapter is located in its position at the far right of the housing 1.
  • the axial elongation D of the housing is marked with a dotted arrow. Unless otherwise noted, this direction defines directions or positions of this application. "Forward" in direction D thus corresponds to the left of figure 1 and “backwards" corresponds to the right of figure 1 .
  • the adapter 3 may thus be said to be located in its position in the far right of figure 1 .
  • the adapter 3 rests against a rear stop 5.
  • the stop 5 may be a mechanical stop which is mechanically supported by the housing 1. Alternatively, the stop may stop the adapter hydraulically.
  • a percussive element 6 is arranged rearward in the housing 1 as compared to the adapter 3, i.e. to the right in figure 1 .
  • the percussive element may for instance be a percussive piston.
  • the center axis of the percussive element may be parallel to the axial elongation D of the housing 1.
  • the percussive element may be substantially elongated cylindrically shaped. By “substantially elongated cylindrically” is herein meant that the percussive element 6 main shape is a cylinder, but parts of the percussive element 6 may deviate from the cylindrical shape.
  • the percussive element 6 is made to strike the adapter 3 at a very high frequency.
  • the impulse energy is transmitted via the adapter 3 down the drill string to a drill bit which crushes the rock.
  • the percussive element 6 may for instance be made to strike through a hydraulic mechanism. This is a well-known technique and will not be further described here.
  • the adapter During drilling, the adapter is located in the position shown in figure 1 , herein also named adapter position.
  • the percussive element 6 thereby attains a corresponding percussion position or percussion point. If the feed force is very low, or even pulling, i.e. it works in direction opposite to the direction D, the movement of the adapted 3 will be limited by stop 7 arranged in the forward part of the housing 1, i.e. at a position in the housing 1 which is closer to the rock than the stop 5.
  • the stop 7 may, just like stop 5, operate mechanically or hydraulically.
  • the adapter 3 is located at a distance A from its drilling position.
  • the percussive element 6 may cause serious damage to both the drilling machine and to the drill string since the force from the percussive element is transmitted in the housing 1 and in the drill string rather than via the drill string into the rock. Therefore, the speed of the percussive element 6 should be reduced when the adapter is in the forward position
  • the housing 1 comprises a damping chamber 11 with an axial elongation E which may correspond to the axial elongation D.
  • the percussive element 6 here comprises a radially protruding part 9, commonly called a piston brake.
  • protruding part 9 may for instance be arranged between a pair of piston rings.
  • the protruding part 9 should be configured to reach so far from the percussive element 6 towards the wall of the damping chamber 11 that the fluid in the damping chamber 11 cannot flow past the protruding part 9.
  • the protruding part 9 of the percussive element 6 has to be located at a distance d from the wall of the damping chamber 11 so that the percussive element 6 may move in the damping chamber 11 and not be damaged by mechanical interaction with the wall.
  • the distance d is herein also called play d. Therefore, there will always exist a small leakage through the play d.
  • the forward part of the protruding part 9 of the percussive element 6 is located at a distance B from the damping chamber 11, as shown in figure 1 .
  • the protruding part 9 of the percussive element 6 will move into the damping chamber 11.
  • the speed of the percussive element 6 will be determined by a combination of percussive power/percussive pressure, damping surface, size of the play d, viscosity of the fluid in the damping chamber 11, weight of the percussive piston 6, etc.
  • the accuracy with which the distance A may be defined will be limited by, among other factors, manufacturing tolerances and will be reduced during operation due to wear of the adapter and of the stop 5 during operation.
  • the percussion point is thereby displaced forwardly in the housing 1, while the piston brake 9 is configured for the calculated percussion point.
  • the percussive element will then be damped too much or even turn before the percussive element 6 hits the adapter 3.
  • the percussive element 6 is then unable to disconnect parts of the drill string or loosen the drill string from the hole if the drill string is stuck.
  • the solution disclosed in connection with figure 1 and 2 cannot solve this problem.
  • FIG 3 is shown an arrangement to control a movement speed of the percussive element 6 which is arranged to move in the housing 1 of the drilling machine.
  • the percussive element 6 comprises a brake surface 13.
  • the brake surface may extend in a plane whose normal is parallel to a center axis of the percussive element 6 and/or to the axial elongation D of the housing 1 and/or the axial elongation E of the damping chamber 11. Thereby it provides as large a surface as possible against which the damping fluid in the damping chamber 11 may work.
  • the brake surface 13 is in figure 3 arranged on the protruding part 9.
  • the arrangement further comprises a conduit 15 which is configured to lead a fluid from the damping chamber 11.
  • the arrangement is configured to control the movement speed of the percussive element 6 by adapting the pressure by which the fluid affects the brake surface 13 of the percussive element by only leading fluid from the damping chamber 11 when a predetermined reference point 17 (see figure 4a ) of the percussive element 6 is located ahead of a predetermined first position 19 along the axial elongation of the damping chamber 11.
  • the reference point 17 may, as shown in figure 4a , constitute a point on the brake surface such that when the brake surface has passed the position 19 along the axial elongation of the damping chamber 11, the arrangement will lead fluid from the damping chamber through the conduit 15.
  • the reference point 17 may obviously be chosen arbitrarily as long as the criterion that fluid may be led from the damping chamber 11 when the reference point 17 is located ahead of the first position 19 is fulfilled.
  • the choice of the first position 19 must, however, be adapted according to the choice of reference point 17, or vice versa.
  • Figure 4a shows that a lateral surface of the percussive element 6 is configured to interact with the conduit 15 so that when the reference point 17 of the percussive element 6 is located behind the first position 19, the lateral surface of the percussive element 6 blocks fluid communication between the damping chamber 11 and the conduit 15.
  • fluid communication is herein meant that fluid cannot flow from the damping chamber 11 through the conduit 15.
  • the conduit 15 may be open towards the damping chamber 11 and fluid may exist in both the conduit 15 and in the damping chamber 11, but no fluid flows in from the damping chamber 11.
  • the lateral surface of the percussive element 6 may also be configured to interact with the conduit 15 so that when the reference point 17 of the percussive element 6 is located ahead of the first position 19, the conduit 15 is uncovered, whereby the damping chamber 11 is placed in fluid communication with the conduit 15.
  • the damping chamber 11 may constitute an elongated substantially cylindrical cavity inside the housing 1 of the drilling machine.
  • the conduit shown in figure 4a-4b comprises a first end 15a and a second end 15b.
  • the lateral surface of the percussive element 6 is configured to interact with the conduit 15 so that when the reference point 17 of the percussive element 6 is located ahead of the first position 19 the first end 15a of the conduit is in fluid communication with a part of the damping chamber 11 which is located ahead of the brake surface 13 of the percussive element 6 along the axial elongation of the damping chamber 11, while the second end 15b of the conduit is at the same time in fluid communication with a part of the damping chamber 11 which is located behind the brake surface 13 of the percussive element 6 along the axial elongation of the damping chamber 11.
  • the percussive element 6 is located in a position where the reference point 17 is not yet behind the first position 19 in the damping chamber 11.
  • the part of the lateral surface of the percussive element 6 which comprises the protruding part 9 in that position blocks fluid from flowing through the conduit 15 and out behind the protruding part 9.
  • the percussive element 6 has moved further forward in the damping chamber 11. Now the conduit 15 is no longer blocked by the lateral surface of the percussive element 6. Fluid may then flow from the damping chamber 11, via the first end 15a of the conduit, through the conduit 15 and out via the second end 15b of the conduit, behind the brake surface 13.
  • the damping pressure by which the fluid in the damping chamber affects the percussive element 6 is in this position much lower compared to the pressure by which the fluid in the damping chamber 11 affects the percussive element 6 in figure 4a , where the fluid is blocked from flowing through the conduit 15.
  • the speed of the percussive element 6 will therefore, in a first stage, be significantly reduced, to thereafter level out or be reduced much more slowly.
  • the percussive element 6 is thus not completely braked, but is allowed to have a speed which is adapted to allow controlled percussions even at a displaced position of the adapter 3.
  • the percussive element 6 may have a relatively high velocity even inside the damping chamber.
  • the arrangement may be configured to further dampen the percussive element 6 in case it moves too far into the damping chamber.
  • the arrangement is thus further configured to adapt the pressure by which the fluid affects the brake surface of the percussive element 6 by only leading fluid from the damping chamber 11 when the reference point 17 of the percussive element 6 is located between the first position 19 and a predetermined second position 20 along the axial elongation of the damping chamber 11.
  • the second position 20 is located, as shown in figure 4c , ahead of the first position 19 along the axial elongation E of the damping chamber 11.
  • the lateral surface of the percussive element 6 is configured to interact with the conduit 15 so that when the reference point 17 is located ahead of the second position 20, the lateral surface of the percussive element 6 blocks fluid communication between the damping chamber 11 and the conduit 15. Thereby, the fluid located in a forward part 22 of the damping chamber 11 may flow through the conduit 15. This fluid will therefore work at a high pressure against the brake surface 13 and significantly dampen the percussive element 6 if it moves far into the damping chamber 11.
  • the damping chamber 11 may comprise a first part 50 having a first diameter d1 and second part 52 having a second diameter d2.
  • the second diameter d2 is greater than the first diameter d1; d2 > d1.
  • the conduit 15 may be constituted by the part of the damping chamber 11 having the second diameter d2, i.e. the second part 52.
  • the damping chamber 11 may further, in its forward axial end, comprise a third part 54 having a third diameter d3.
  • the third diameter d3 may substantially correspond to the first diameter d1.
  • the depression corresponds to the second part 52 and consequently to the conduit 15.
  • the second part 52 may extend around the whole cylinder surface. However, it is conceivable that only one or more depressions run along the longitudinal direction of parts of the wall of the damping chamber 11.
  • the percussive element may be substantially cylindrically shaped. It may comprise a first part 56 having a fourth diameter d4 and a second part 58 having a fifth diameter d5.
  • the fourth diameter d4 may be smaller than the first diameter d1 and the fifth diameter d5 may substantially correspond to the first diameter d1.
  • the second part 58 of the percussive element 6 may comprise the brake surface 13. Thereby, the second part 58 of the percussive element 6 will be able to block fluid from flowing past the brake surface 13 of the percussive element 6 until the second part 58 of the percussive element is located in the part of the damping chamber 11 comprising the conduit 15.
  • the percussive element 6 may also comprise a third part 60 having a sixth diameter d6.
  • the sixth diameter d6 may be greater than the fourth diameter d4.
  • a sensor in the damping chamber might for instance interact with a valve in the conduit 15 whereby the valve is opened when the sensor detects that the reference point 17 is located ahead of the first position 19. Fluid may then be led from the damping chamber 11 through the conduit 15 to a space outside the damping chamber 11 in which space there is operating pressure.
  • FIG 6a is shown the percussive element with an extra protruding part 9' having a large brake surface. This provides a large damping effect.
  • figure 6b is shown the percussive element 6 without the extra protruding part 9'.
  • the percussive element 6 may then be configured with a track 61 or a groove 61 to provide the damping effect described above.
  • the percussive element 6 may then comprise two protruding parts 62a, 62b having the same diameter.
  • the track 61 is then constituted by a part of the percussive element 6 between the protruding parts 62a, 62b whose diameter is less than the diameter of the two protruding parts 62a, 62b.
  • the protruding parts 62a 62b and the track 61 may then interact with the conduit 15 in the damping chamber 11 to control the movement speed of the percussive element 6.
  • the fluid in the damping chamber 11 may then flow through the conduit 15 past the protruding part 62a when its forward surface has passed the first position 19 and before the forward part of the protruding part 62b has started blocking the conduit 15.
  • a method to control the movement speed of a percussive element 6 which is arranged to be moved in a housing 1 of the drilling machine will now be described with reference to figure 7 .
  • Optional steps of the method are marked with dotted lines in the figures.
  • control unit The steps of the method described below may for instance be carried out by a control unit.
  • Figure 7 shows an exemplary method to control the movement speed of a percussive element 6 which is arranged to be moved in a housing 1 of the drilling machine, where the percussive element 6 comprises a brake surface 13.
  • the housing 1 comprises a damping chamber 11 configured to contain a fluid provided to dampen the movement speed of the percussive element in the housing 1.
  • the housing further comprises a conduit 15 configured to lead fluid from the damping chamber 11.
  • the method comprises adapting the pressure by which the fluid in the damping chamber 11 affects the brake surface 13 of the percussive element 6 by leading 701 fluid from the damping chamber 11 only when a predetermined reference point 17 of the percussive element 6 is located ahead of a predetermined first position 19 along an axial elongation E of the damping chamber 11.
  • the method may further comprise preventing 702 fluid communication between the damping chamber 11 and the conduit 15 when the reference point 17 of the percussive element 6 is located ahead of a predetermined second position 20 along the axial elongation E of the damping chamber 11, which second position 20 is located ahead of the first position 19 along the axial elongation E of the damping chamber 11.

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  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Anordnung, um die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit eines Schlagelements (6) zu steuern, das angeordnet ist, um sich in einem Gehäuse (1) einer Bohrmaschine zu bewegen, wobei das Schlagelement (6) eine Bremsoberfläche (13) umfasst, wobei das Gehäuse (1) eine Dämpfungskammer (11), die konfiguriert ist, um ein Fluid zu enthalten, das bereitgestellt ist, um die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit des Schlagelements (6) in dem Gehäuse (1) zu dämpfen, und eine Leitung (15), die konfiguriert ist, um Fluid aus der Dämpfungskammer (11) zu führen, umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anordnung konfiguriert ist, um die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit des Schlagelements (6) durch Anpassen einen Druck, mit dem das Fluid in der Dämpfungskammer (11) auf die Bremsoberfläche (13) des Schlagelements (6) einwirkt, zu steuern, durch Führen von Fluid aus der Dämpfungskammer (11), nur wenn sich ein zuvor bestimmter Bezugspunkt (17) des Schlagelements (6) vor einer zuvor bestimmten ersten Position (19) entlang einer axialen Verlängerung (E) der Dämpfungskammer (11) befindet.
  2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, wobei eine Seitenoberfläche des Schlagelements (6) konfiguriert ist, um mit der Leitung (15) derart zusammenzuwirken, dass wenn der Bezugspunkt (17) des Schlagelements (6) hinter der ersten Position (19) liegt, die Seitenoberfläche des Schlagelements (6) die Fluidkommunikation zwischen der Dämpfungskammer (11) und der Leitung (15) blockiert.
  3. Anordnung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Seitenoberfläche des Schlagelements (6) konfiguriert ist, um mit der Leitung (15) derart zusammenzuwirken, dass wenn der Bezugspunkt (17) des Schlagelements (6) vor der ersten Position (19) liegt, die Leitung (15) freigelegt ist, wodurch die Dämpfungskammer (11) in Fluidkommunikation mit der Leitung (15) gebracht wird.
  4. Anordnung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Anordnung ferner konfiguriert ist, um den Druck, mit dem das Fluid in der Dämpfungskammer (11) auf die Bremsoberfläche (13) des Schlagelements (6) einwirkt, anzupassen, durch Führen von Fluid von der Dämpfungskammer (11), nur wenn sich der Bezugspunkt (17) des Schlagelements (6) zwischen der ersten Position (19) und einer zuvor bestimmten zweiten Position (20) entlang der axialen Verlängerung (E) der Dämpfungskammer (11) befindet, wobei sich die zweite Position (20) vor der ersten Position (19) entlang der axialen Verlängerung (E) der Dämpfungskammer (11) befindet.
  5. Anordnung nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Seitenoberfläche des Schlagelements (6) konfiguriert ist, um mit der Leitung (15) derart zusammenzuwirken, dass, wenn der Bezugspunkt (17) des Schlagelements (6) vor der zweiten Position (20) liegt, die Seitenoberfläche des Schlagelements (6) die Fluidkommunikation zwischen der Dämpfungskammer (11) und der Leitung (15) blockiert.
  6. Anordnung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Dämpfungskammer (11) einen länglichen, im Wesentlichen zylindrischen Hohlraum in dem Gehäuse (1) der Bohrmaschine bildet, entlang dem das Schlagelement (6) konfiguriert ist, um sich zu bewegen.
  7. Anordnung nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Leitung (15) ein erstes (15a) und ein zweites (15b) Ende umfasst, wobei die Seitenoberfläche des Schlagelements (6) konfiguriert ist, um mit der Leitung (15) derart zusammenzuwirken, dass, wenn der Bezugspunkt (17) des Schlagelements (6) vor der ersten Position (19) liegt, das erste Ende (15a) der Leitung (15) in Fluidkommunikation mit einem Teil der Dämpfungskammer (11) ist, der sich vor der Bremsoberfläche (13) des Schlagelements (6) entlang der axialen Verlängerung (E) der Dämpfungskammer (11) befindet, während das zweite Ende (15b) der Leitung (15) gleichzeitig in Fluidkommunikation mit einem Teil der Dämpfungskammer (11) ist, der sich hinter der Bremsoberfläche (13) des Schlagelements entlang der axialen Verlängerung (E) der Dämpfungskammer (11) befindet.
  8. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 7, wobei die Dämpfungskammer (11) einen ersten Teil (50), der einen ersten Durchmesser (d1) aufweist und einen zweiten Teil (52), der einen zweiten Durchmesser (d2) aufweist, umfasst, wobei der zweite Durchmesser (d2) größer als der erste Durchmesser (d1) ist.
  9. Anordnung nach Anspruch 8, wobei ein vorderes axiales Ende der Dämpfungskammer (11) einen dritten Teil (54), der einen dritten Durchmesser (d3) aufweist, umfasst, wobei der dritte Durchmesser (d3) im Wesentlichen dem ersten Durchmesser (d1) entspricht.
  10. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 9, wobei das Schlagelement (6) im Wesentlichen zylindrisch geformt ist und einen ersten Teil (56), der einen vierten Durchmesser (d4) aufweist und einen zweiten Teil (58), der einen fünften Durchmesser (d5) aufweist, umfasst, wobei der vierte Durchmesser (d4) kleiner als der erste Durchmesser (d1) ist und der fünfte Durchmesser (d5) im Wesentlichen dem ersten Durchmesser (d1) entspricht.
  11. Anordnung nach Anspruch 10, wobei der zweite Teil (58) des Schlagelements (6) die Bremsoberfläche (13) umfasst.
  12. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, wobei die Leitung (15) durch den Teil der Dämpfungskammer (11), die den zweiten Durchmesser (d2) aufweist, gebildet wird.
  13. Bohrmaschine, umfassend eine Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12.
  14. Verfahren, um die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit eines Schlagelements (6) zu steuern, das angeordnet ist, um in einem Gehäuse (1) einer Bohrmaschine bewegt zu werden, wobei das Schlagelement eine Bremsoberfläche (13) umfasst, wobei das Gehäuse (1) der Bohrmaschine eine Dämpfungskammer (11), die konfiguriert ist, um ein Fluid zu enthalten, das bereitgestellt ist, um die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit des Schlagelements (6) in dem Gehäuse (1) zu dämpfen, und eine Leitung (15), die konfiguriert ist, um Fluid aus der Dämpfungskammer (11) zu führen, umfasst, wobei das Verfahren das Anpassen des Drucks, mit dem das Fluid in der Dämpfungskammer (11) auf die Bremsoberfläche (13) des Schlagelements (6) einwirkt, umfasst durch:
    - Führen (701) von Fluid aus der Dämpfungskammer (11), nur wenn sich ein zuvor bestimmter Bezugspunkt (17) des Schlagelements (6) vor einer zuvor bestimmten ersten Position (19) entlang einer axialen Verlängerung (E) der Dämpfungskammer (11) befindet.
  15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, wobei das Verfahren ferner umfasst:
    - Verhindern (702) von Fluidkommunikation zwischen der Dämpfungskammer (11) und der Leitung (15), wenn sich der Bezugspunkt (17) des Schlagelements (6) vor einer zuvor bestimmten zweiten Position (20) entlang der axialen Verlängerung (E) der Dämpfungskammer (11) befindet, wobei sich die zweite Position (20) vor der ersten Position (19) entlang der axialen Verlängerung (E) der Dämpfungskammer (11) befindet.
EP20723576.3A 2019-03-14 2020-03-09 Anordnung, bohrmaschine und verfahren zur steuerung der bewegungsgeschwindigkeit eines klopfelements einer bohrmaschine Active EP3938614B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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SE1950321A SE543394C2 (sv) 2019-03-14 2019-03-14 Arrangemang, borrmaskin och förfarande för att styra förflyttningshastigheten hos en borrmaskins slagorgan
PCT/SE2020/050255 WO2020185149A1 (en) 2019-03-14 2020-03-09 Arrangement, drilling machine and method to control the movement speed of a percussive element of a drilling machine

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EP3938614C0 EP3938614C0 (de) 2023-06-07
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SE392830B (sv) * 1975-03-18 1977-04-25 Atlas Copco Ab Anordning vid bergborrmaskiner for dempning av rekylen fran ett till maskinen anslutet arbetsverktyg
US4363365A (en) * 1980-03-03 1982-12-14 Nikolaev Igor V Impact tool with damping chambers
SE458672B (sv) * 1986-02-28 1989-04-24 Atlas Copco Ab Hydrauliskt slagverk foer en bergborrmaskin
FI861851A (fi) * 1986-05-02 1987-11-03 Tampella Oy Ab Anordning foer ett axiallager i en borrmaskin.
SE8604362L (sv) * 1986-10-15 1988-04-16 Atlas Copco Ab Dempanordning vid en slaende bergborrmaskin
FR2647870B1 (fr) * 1989-06-06 1991-09-06 Eimco Secoma Appareil de percussion hydraulique avec dispositif d'amortissement des ondes de choc en retour
SE530571C2 (sv) * 2006-11-16 2008-07-08 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Bergborrningsförfarande och bergborrningsmaskin
SE532464C2 (sv) * 2007-04-11 2010-01-26 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Metod, anordning och bergborrningsrigg för styrning av åtminstone en borrparameter
SE536758C2 (sv) * 2012-11-28 2014-07-15 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Slagverk till en hydraulisk bergborrmaskin, förfarande för drift av ett slagverk och hydraulisk bergborrmaskin inkluderande ett slagverk

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WO2020185149A1 (en) 2020-09-17
EP3938614A1 (de) 2022-01-19

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